Статті в журналах: "Single Phase Multiferroic Materials"

1

Yeo, Hong Goo. "Review of Single-Phase Magnetoelectric Multiferroic Thin Film and Process." Ceramist 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.31613/ceramist.2021.24.3.01.

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Advance in the growth and characterization of multiferroic thin film promises new device application such as next generation memory, nanoelectronics and energy harvesting. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent progress in the growth, characterization and understanding of thin-film multiferroics. Driven by the development of thin film growth techniques, the ability to produce high quality multiferroic thin films offers researchers access to new phase and understanding of these materials. We discuss that epitaxial strain and atomic-level engineering of chemistry determine the muliferroic thin film properties. We then discuss the new structures and properties of non-equilibrium phases which is stabilized by strain engineering.

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2

Cho, Jae-Hyeon, and Wook Jo. "Progress in the Development of Single-Phase Magnetoelectric Multiferroic Oxides." Ceramist 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 228–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31613/ceramist.2021.24.3.03.

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Magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroics manifesting the coexistence and the coupling of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric order are appealing widespread interest owing to their fascinating physical behaviors and possible novel applications. In this review, we highlight the progress in single-phase ME multiferroic oxides research in terms of the classification depending on the physical origins of ferroic properties and the corresponding examples for each case, i.e., material by material, along with their ME multiferroic properties including saturation magnetization, spontaneous polarization, (anti)ferromagnetic/ferroelectric transition temperature, and ME coefficient. The magnetoelectrically-active applications of high expectancy are presented by citing the representative examples such as magnetoelectric random-access-memory and multiferroic photovoltaics. Furthermore, we discuss how the development of ME multiferroic oxides should proceed by considering the current research status in terms of developed materials and designed applications. We believe that this short review will provide a basic introduction for the researchers new to this field.

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3

Zhao, Shifeng. "Advances in Multiferroic Nanomaterials Assembled with Clusters." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/101528.

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As an entirely new perspective of multifunctional materials, multiferroics have attracted a great deal of attention. With the rapidly developing micro- and nano-electro-mechanical system (MEMS&NEMS), the new kinds of micro- and nanodevices and functionalities aroused extensive research activity in the area of multiferroics. As an ideal building block to assemble the nanostructure, cluster exhibits particular physical properties related to the cluster size at nanoscale, which is efficient in controlling the multiferroic properties for nanomaterials. This review focuses on our recent advances in multiferroic nanomaterials assembled with clusters. In particular, the single phase multiferroic films and compound heterostructured multiferroic films assembled with clusters were introduced detailedly. This technique presents a new and efficient method to produce the nanostructured multiferroic materials for their potential application in NEMS devices.

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4

Hajlaoui, Thameur, Catalin Harnagea, and Alain Pignolet. "Magnetoelectric Coupling in Room Temperature Multiferroic Ba2EuFeNb4O15/BaFe12O19 Epitaxial Heterostructures Grown by Laser Ablation." Nanomaterials 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13040761.

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Multiferroic thin films are a promising class of multifunctional materials, since they allow the integration of multiple functionalities within a single device. In order to overcome the scarcity of single phase multiferroics, it is crucial to develop novel multiferroic heterostructures, combining good ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties as well as a strong coupling between them. For this purpose, Ba2EuFeNb4O15/BaFe12O19 multiferroic magnetoelectric bilayers have been epitaxially grown on niobium doped SrTiO3 (100) single crystal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The simultaneous presence of both ferroelectric and magnetic properties—due, respectively, to the Ba2EuFeNb4O15 and BaFe12O19 components—was demonstrated at room temperature, attesting the multiferroic nature of the heterostructure. More interestingly, a strong magnetoelectric coupling was demonstrated (i) by manipulating the ferroelectric properties via an external magnetic field, and conversely, (ii) by tuning the magnetic properties via an external electric field. This strong magnetoelectric coupling shows the high interdependence of both ferroic orders in the Ba2EuFeNb4O15/BaFe12O19 heterostructure, mediated by elastic (epitaxial) strain at the interfaces.

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5

Shukla, Dinesh, Nhalil E. Rajeevan, and Ravi Kumar. "Combining Magnetism and Ferroelectricity towards Multiferroicity." Solid State Phenomena 189 (June 2012): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.189.15.

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The attempts to combine both the magnetic and ferroelectric properties in one material started in 1960s predominantly by the group of Smolenskii and Schmid [1. Dzyaloshinskii first presented the theory for multiferroicity in Cr2O3, which was soon experimentally confirmed by Astrov [5,. Further work on multiferroics was done by the group of Smolenskii in St. Petersburg (then Leningrad) [7, but the term multiferroic was first used by H. Schmid in 1994 [. These efforts have resulted in many fundamental observations and opened up an entirely new field of study. Schmid [ defined the multiferroics as single phase materials which simultaneously possess two or more primary ferroic properties. The term multiferroic has been expanded to include materials which exhibit any type of long range magnetic ordering, spontaneous electric polarization, and/or ferroelasticity. In the past decade, several hundreds of papers related to multiferroic materials and magnetoelectric effect have been published every year, making this topic one of the hottest areas in condensed matter physics from fundamental science as well as applications viewpoints. This article sheds light on recent progress about the developments of new multiferroics by combining unconventional magnetism and ferroelectricity with an emphasis on Bi based multiferroic materials. Specifically results of Ti doped BiMn2O5and Bi doped Co2MnO4multiferroics are discussed.

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6

Dong, Shuai, Hongjun Xiang, and Elbio Dagotto. "Magnetoelectricity in multiferroics: a theoretical perspective." National Science Review 6, no. 4 (February 18, 2019): 629–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz023.

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ABSTRACT The key physical property of multiferroic materials is the existence of coupling between magnetism and polarization, i.e. magnetoelectricity. The origin and manifestations of magnetoelectricity can be very different in the available plethora of multiferroic systems, with multiple possible mechanisms hidden behind the phenomena. In this review, we describe the fundamental physics that causes magnetoelectricity from a theoretical viewpoint. The present review will focus on mainstream physical mechanisms in both single-phase multiferroics and magnetoelectric heterostructures. The most recent tendencies addressing possible new magnetoelectric mechanisms will also be briefly outlined.

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7

Roy, Kuntal. "Dynamical systems study in single-phase multiferroic materials." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 108, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 67002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/108/67002.

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8

Liu, Sheng, Feng Xiang, Yulan Cheng, Yajun Luo, and Jing Sun. "Multiferroic and Magnetodielectric Effects in Multiferroic Pr2FeAlO6 Double Perovskite." Nanomaterials 12, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 3011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12173011.

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Single-phase multiferroics that allow the coexistence of ferroelectric and magnetic ordering above room temperature are highly desirable, and offer a fundamental platform for novel functionality. In this work, a double perovskite multiferroic Pr2FeAlO6 ceramic is prepared using a sol-gel process followed by a quenching treatment. The well-crystallized and purified Pr2FeAlO6 in trigonal structure with space group R3c is confirmed. A combination of the ferroelectric (2Pr = 0.84 μC/cm2, Ec = 7.78 kV/cm at an applied electric field of 20 kV/cm) and magnetic (2Mr = 433 memu/g, Hc = 3.3 kOe at an applied magnetic field of 1.0 T) hysteresis loops reveals the room-temperature multiferroic properties. Further, the magnetoelectric effect is observed from the measurements of magnetically induced dielectric response and polarization. The present results suggest a new complex oxide candidate for room-temperature multiferroic applications.

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9

Ferreira, P., A. Castro, P. M. Vilarinho, M. G. Willinger, J. Mosa, C. Laberty, and C. Sanchez. "Electron Microscopy Study of Porous and Co Functionalized BaTiO3 Thin Films." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, S5 (August 2012): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612013232.

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Multiferroics are currently of great interest for applications in microelectronics namely in future data storage and spintronic devices. These materials couple simultaneously ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties and have potentially different applications resulting from the coupling between their dual order parameters. A true multiferroic material is single phase. However, the known true multiferroic materials possess insufficient coupling between the two phenomena or their magnetoelectric response occurs at temperatures too low to be useful in practical applications. But a tremendous progress in the field of microelectronics can be expected if one is able to design an effective multiferroic material with ideal coupling of the ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties to suit a particular application. Within this context composite structures are gaining considerable interest and different strategies in terms of materials microstructure have been proposed including horizontal multilayers and vertical heterostructures. In the horizontal multilayer heterostructures, the alternating layers of conventional ferro/ferrimagnetic and ferroelectric phases are grown, while in the vertical heterostructures nanopillars of the ferro/ferrimagnetic phase are embedded in a ferroelectric matrix. The later structures show advantages over the first ones because promote larger interfacial surface area and are intrinsically heteroepitaxial in three dimensions; which is expected to allow a stronger coupling between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic components.

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10

Li, Zheng, Kun Tao, Jing Ma, Zhipeng Gao, Vladimir Koval, Changjun Jiang, Giuseppe Viola, et al. "Bi3.25La0.75Ti2.5Nb0.25(Fe0.5Co0.5)0.25O12, a single phase room temperature multiferroic." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 11 (2018): 2733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc00161h.

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11

Yao, Minghai, Long Cheng, Shenglan Hao, Samir Salmanov, Mojca Otonicar, Frédéric Mazaleyrat, and Brahim Dkhil. "Great multiferroic properties in BiFeO₃/BaTiO₃ system with composite-like structure." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 15 (April 10, 2023): 152904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139017.

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Multiferroic materials have attracted significant research attention due to their technological potential for applications as multifunctional devices. The scarcity of single-phase multiferroics and their low inherent coupling between multiferroic order parameters above room temperature pose a challenge to their further applications. We propose a 3BiFeO3/7BaTiO3 perovskite–perovskite composite that combines ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism. We demonstrate that the sintering temperature can tailor the ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism of the composites. The multiferroicity can be achieved at a low sintering temperature in the composite-like structure ceramics, and its multiferroic properties, especially the ferromagnetism, are superior to those of solid solutions. We also investigate the dynamic evolution of multiferroicity with sintering temperature. We adopt a nano–micro strategy to construct a composite-like microstructure, which results in optimized ferroelectric (1.62 μC cm−2) and ferromagnetic (0.16 emu/g) characteristics at a sintering temperature of 750 °C. We also found experimental evidence of the competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions in the transition metal cation sublattice. Multiferroic BiFeO3/BaTiO3 composites with combined ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties have significant potential for various applications.

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12

Yuan, G. L., K. Z. Baba-Kishi, J. M. Liu, Siu Wing Or, Y. P. Wang, and Z. G. Liu. "Multiferroic Properties of Single-Phase Bi0.85La0.15FeO3Lead-Free Ceramics." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 89, no. 10 (October 2006): 3136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01186.x.

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13

Lacerda, Luis Henrique da Silveira, and Sergio R. de Lazaro. "DFT simulations to clarify the molecular origin of magnetoelectric coupling in R3c materials based on Fe." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 26 (2019): 10610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj02761k.

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14

Wang, Guopeng, Zezhi Chen, Hongchuan He, Dechao Meng, He Yang, Xiangyu Mao, Qi Pan, et al. "Room Temperature Exchange Bias in Structure-Modulated Single-Phase Multiferroic Materials." Chemistry of Materials 30, no. 17 (August 19, 2018): 6156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02798.

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15

Zhou, Ziyao, Qu Yang, Ming Liu, Zhiguo Zhang, Xinyang Zhang, Dazhi Sun, Tianxiang Nan, Nianxiang Sun, and Xing Chen. "Antiferroelectric Materials, Applications and Recent Progress on Multiferroic Heterostructures." SPIN 05, no. 01 (March 2015): 1530001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324715300017.

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Antiferroelectric (AFE) materials with adjacent dipoles oriented in antiparallel directions have a double polarization hysteresis loops. An electric field (E-field)-induced AFE–ferroelectric (FE) phase transition takes place in such materials, leading to a large lattice strain and energy change. The high dielectric constant and the distinct phase transition in AFE materials provide great opportunities for the realization of energy storage devices like super-capacitors and energy conversion devices such as AFE MEMS applications. Lots of work has been done in this field since 60–70 s. Recently, the strain tuning of the spin, charge and orbital orderings and their interactions in complex oxides and multiferroic heterostructures have received great attention. In these systems, a single control parameter of lattice strain is used to control lattice–spin, lattice–phonon, and lattice–charge interactions and tailor properties or create a transition between distinct magnetic/electronic phases. Due to the large strain/stress arising from the phase transition, AFE materials are great candidates for integrating with ferromagnetic (FM) materials to realize in situ manipulation of magnetism and lattice-ordered parameters by voltage. In this paper, we introduce the AFE material and it's applications shortly and then review the recent progress in AFEs based on multiferroic heterostructures. These new multiferroic materials could pave a new way towards next generation light, compact, fast and energy efficient voltage tunable RF/microwave, spintronic and memory devices promising approaches to in situ manipulation of lattice-coupled order parameters is to grow epitaxial oxide films on FE/ferroelastic substrates.

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16

Mao, Weiwei, Xing'ao Li, Yongtao Li, Xiwang Wang, Yufeng Wang, Yanwen Ma, Xiaomiao Feng, Tao Yang, and Jianping Yang. "Structural phase transition and multiferroic properties of single-phase Bi1−xErxFe0.95Co0.05O3." Materials Letters 97 (April 2013): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.01.099.

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17

Wang, Jiawei, Aitian Chen, Peisen Li, and Sen Zhang. "Magnetoelectric Memory Based on Ferromagnetic/Ferroelectric Multiferroic Heterostructure." Materials 14, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 4623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164623.

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Electric-field control of magnetism is significant for the next generation of large-capacity and low-power data storage technology. In this regard, the renaissance of a multiferroic compound provides an elegant platform owing to the coexistence and coupling of ferroelectric (FE) and magnetic orders. However, the scarcity of single-phase multiferroics at room temperature spurs zealous research in pursuit of composite systems combining a ferromagnet with FE or piezoelectric materials. So far, electric-field control of magnetism has been achieved in the exchange-mediated, charge-mediated, and strain-mediated ferromagnetic (FM)/FE multiferroic heterostructures. Concerning the giant, nonvolatile, and reversible electric-field control of magnetism at room temperature, we first review the theoretical and representative experiments on the electric-field control of magnetism via strain coupling in the FM/FE multiferroic heterostructures, especially the CoFeB/PMN–PT [where PMN–PT denotes the (PbMn1/3Nb2/3O3)1−x-(PbTiO3)x] heterostructure. Then, the application in the prototype spintronic devices, i.e., spin valves and magnetic tunnel junctions, is introduced. The nonvolatile and reversible electric-field control of tunneling magnetoresistance without assistant magnetic field in the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)/FE architecture shows great promise for the future of data storage technology. We close by providing the main challenges of this and the different perspectives for straintronics and spintronics.

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18

Zhang, Xingquan, Yu Sui, Xianjie Wang, Jinhua Mao, Ruibin Zhu, Yi Wang, Zhu Wang, Yuqiang Liu, and Wanfa Liu. "Multiferroic and magnetoelectric properties of single-phase Bi0.85La0.1Ho0.05FeO3 ceramics." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, no. 19 (May 2011): 5908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.03.037.

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19

Li, Zheng, Wenzhi Qi, Jun Cao, Yan Li, Giuseppe Viola, Chenglong Jia, and Haixue Yan. "Multiferroic properties of single phase Bi3NbTiO9 based textured ceramics." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 788 (June 2019): 701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.241.

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20

Lu, Chengliang, Menghao Wu, Lin Lin, and Jun-Ming Liu. "Single-phase multiferroics: new materials, phenomena, and physics." National Science Review 6, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 653–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz091.

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Abstract Multiferroics, where multiple ferroic orders coexist and are intimately coupled, promise novel applications in conceptually new devices on one hand, and on the other hand provide fascinating physics that is distinctly different from the physics of high-TC superconductors and colossal magnetoresistance manganites. In this mini-review, we highlight the recent progress of single-phase multiferroics in the exploration of new materials, efficient roadmaps for functionality enhancement, new phenomena beyond magnetoelectric coupling, and underlying novel physics. In the meantime, a slightly more detailed description is given of several multiferroics with ferrimagnetic orders and double-layered perovskite structure and also of recently emerging 2D multiferroics. Some emergent phenomena such as topological vortex domain structure, non-reciprocal response, and hybrid mechanisms for multiferroicity engineering and magnetoelectric coupling in various types of multiferroics will be briefly reviewed.

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21

Zhu, W.-M., H.-Y. Guo, and Z.-G. Ye. "Structure and properties of multiferroic (1 − x)BiFeO3–xPbTiO3 single crystals." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 8 (August 2007): 2136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0268.

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Single crystals of the multiferroic (1 − x)BiFeO3–xPbTiO3 (BF–PT) solid solution with a nominal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition were grown from flux. Structural characterization by x-ray diffraction shows the simultaneous existence of a tetragonal, an orthorhombic, and a rhombohedral perovskite phase in the crystals. A high ferroelectric Curie point of 660 °C was found in the BF–PT crystals by dielectric measurements. The variation of the magnetic moment as a function of temperature of the BF–PT crystals measured under zero field cooling mode reveals three anomalies with the highest one around 440 K, corresponding to the antiferromagnetic ordering temperatures of the rhombohedral, orthorhombic, and tetragonal phases, respectively. These results demonstrate the intrinsic relations between the MPB phase components and the macroscopic ferroic properties.

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22

Zhong Chong-Gui, Jiang Qing, Fang Jing-Huai, and Ge Cun-Wang. "Magnetoelectric coupling and magnetoelectric properties of single-phase ABO3 type multiferroic materials." Acta Physica Sinica 58, no. 5 (2009): 3491. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.58.3491.

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23

Mao, H. J., C. Song, B. Cui, J. J. Peng, F. Li, L. R. Xiao, and F. Pan. "Designing room-temperature multiferroic materials in a single-phase solid-solution film." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 49, no. 36 (August 9, 2016): 365001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/49/36/365001.

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24

Lente, M. H., J. S. Guerra, G. K. S. Sousa, C. F. V. Raigoza, D. Garcia, and J. A. Eiras. "Investigation of Magnetoelectric Coupling in Single-Phase Multiferroic Ceramics." Ferroelectrics 368, no. 1 (October 21, 2008): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190802368032.

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25

Gumiel, Carlos, Teresa Jardiel, David G. Calatayud, Thomas Vranken, Marlies K. Van Bael, An Hardy, María Lourdes Calzada, et al. "Nanostructure stabilization by low-temperature dopant pinning in multiferroic BiFeO3-based thin films produced by aqueous chemical solution deposition." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 12 (2020): 4234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05912a.

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26

Peng, Bin, Ren-Ci Peng, Yong-Qiang Zhang, Guohua Dong, Ziyao Zhou, Yuqing Zhou, Tao Li, et al. "Phase transition enhanced superior elasticity in freestanding single-crystalline multiferroic BiFeO3 membranes." Science Advances 6, no. 34 (August 2020): eaba5847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba5847.

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The integration of ferroic oxide thin films into advanced flexible electronics will bring multifunctionality beyond organic and metallic materials. However, it is challenging to achieve high flexibility in single-crystalline ferroic oxides that is considerable to organic or metallic materials. Here, we demonstrate the superior flexibility of freestanding single-crystalline BiFeO3 membranes, which are typical multiferroic materials with multifunctionality. They can endure cyclic 180° folding and have good recoverability, with the maximum bending strain up to 5.42% during in situ bending under scanning electron microscopy, far beyond their bulk counterparts. Such superior elasticity mainly originates from reversible rhombohedral-tetragonal phase transition, as revealed by phase-field simulations. This study suggests a general fundamental mechanism for a variety of ferroic oxides to achieve high flexibility and to work as smart materials in flexible electronics.

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27

Veřtát, P., J. Drahokoupil, O. Perevertov, and O. Heczko. "Phase transition in a multiferroic Ni-Mn-Ga single crystal." Phase Transitions 89, no. 7-8 (June 29, 2016): 752–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2016.1199803.

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28

Kumar, Ashok, Nora Ortega, Sandra Dussan, Shalini Kumari, Dilsom Sanchez, James Scott, and Ram Katiyar. "Multiferroic Memory: A Disruptive Technology or Future Technology?" Solid State Phenomena 189 (June 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.189.1.

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The term "Multiferroic" is coined for a material possessing at least two ferroic orders in the same or composite phase (ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, ferroelastic); if the first two ferroic orders are linearly coupled together it is known as a magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroic. Two kinds of ME multiferroic memory devices are under extensive research based on the philosophy of "switching of polarization by magnetic fields and magnetization by electric fields." Successful switching of ferroic orders will provide an extra degree of freedom to create more logic states. The "switching of polarization by magnetic fields" is useful for magnetic field sensors and for memory elements if, for example, polarization switching is via a very small magnetic field from a coil underneath an integrated circuit. The electric control of magnetization is suitable for nondestructive low-power, high-density magnetically read and electrically written memory elements. If the system possesses additional features, such as propagating magnon (spin wave) excitations at room temperature, additional functional applications may be possible. Magnon-based logic (magnonic) systems have been initiated by various scientists, and prototype devices show potential for future complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Discovery of high polarization, magnetization, piezoelectric, spin waves (magnon), magneto-electric, photovoltaic, exchange bias coupling, etc. make bismuth ferrite, BiFeO3, one of the widely investigated materials in this decade. Basic multiferroic features of well known room temperature single phase BiFeO3in bulk and thin films have been discussed. Functional magnetoelectric (ME) properties of some lead-based solid solution perovskite multiferroics are presented and these systems also have a bright future. The prospects and the limitations of the ME-based random access memory (MERAM) are explained in the context of recent discoveries and state of the art research.

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29

Prellier, W., M. P. Singh, and P. Murugavel. "The single-phase multiferroic oxides: from bulk to thin film." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 17, no. 30 (July 15, 2005): R803—R832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/30/r01.

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30

Prellier, W., M. P. Singh, and P. Murugavel. "The single-phase multiferroic oxides: from bulk to thin film." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 17, no. 48 (November 11, 2005): 7753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/48/c01.

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31

Arif, Suneela, and Ahmad Faraz. "Ferroelectric and Multiferroic Properties of Single-Phase Yb2NiMnO6 Double-Perovskites." Journal of Electronic Materials 48, no. 11 (September 3, 2019): 7515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07582-z.

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32

Díaz-Moreno, Carlos A., Jorge A. López, Yu Ding, A. Hurtado Macias, Chunqiang Li, and Ryan B. Wicker. "Multiferroic and Optical Properties of La0.05Li0.85NbO3 and LiNbO3 Nanocrystals." Journal of Nanotechnology 2018 (September 3, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3721095.

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The chemistry and physics of surfaces is an increasingly important subject. The study of surfaces is the key of many important nanotechnological applications due to the understanding of phase transitions, electronic structure, and chemical bonding. In later years, exotic phenomena that jointly involve the magnetic and electrical conductivity properties have been discovered in oxides that contain magnetic ions. Moreover, the uses of magnetic oxides in electronic technology have become so important due to the miniaturization of devices and magnetic materials with dielectric properties or vice versa being required for inductors, information storage, thin films for high-density computer memories, microwave antireflection coatings, and permanent magnets for automobile ignitions among others. On the contrary, nanotechnology developments over 10 years or so have provided intensive studies in trying to combine properties such as ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and optics in one single-phase nanoparticles or in composite thin films; this last effort has been recently known as multiferroic. Because of this, the resurgence of nanomaterials with multiferroic and optical properties is presented in this work of one single phase in lanthanum lithium niobate (La0.05Li0.85NbO3) and lithium niobate (LiNbO3) with ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, relaxor ferroelectricity, second harmonic generation, high-temperature ferromagnetic, and magnetoelectric properties.

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Slutsker, Julia, Zhuopeng Tan, Alexander L. Roytburd, and Igor Levin. "Thermodynamic aspects of epitaxial self-assembly and magnetoelectric response in multiferroic nanostructures." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 8 (August 2007): 2087–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0286.

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A thermodynamic approach was used to describe the formation and magnetoelectric response of composite multiferroic films. Experimental and theoretical results that address the origins of different phase morphologies in epitaxial spinel-perovskite nanostructures grown on differently oriented substrates are presented. A theoretical model of magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic nanostructures that considers a microscopic mechanism of magnetization in single-domain magnetic nanorods is described. This model explains a discontinuous electromagnetic coupling, as observed experimentally, and predicts a hysteretic behavior of magnetization under external electric fields.

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Pearsall, Frederick, Nasim Farahmand, Julien Lombardi, Sunil Dehipawala, Zheng Gai та Stephen O’Brien. "Structure–property trends in a hollandite multiferroic by Fe doping: structural, magnetic and dielectric characterization of nanocrystalline BaMn3−xFexTi4O14+δ". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, № 23 (2020): 7916–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc00703j.

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BaMn₃Ti₄O_14+δ (δ = 0.25, BMT-134), a recently discovered single-phase multiferroic complex oxide was doped with varying concentrations of Fe in order to assess the effect on magnetic and dielectric behavior.

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35

Zhang, Jitao, Ping Li, Yumei Wen, Wei He, Aichao Yang, Decai Wang, Chao Yang, and Caijiang Lu. "Giant self-biased converse magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic heterostructure with single-phase magnetostrictive materials." Applied Physics Letters 105, no. 17 (October 27, 2014): 172408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4900929.

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36

Zeng, Zhixin, Qin Zhang, Heng Wu, Mengshuang Lan, Hong Ao, Wenchuan Li, Chuang Zhou, et al. "Influence of calcination temperature on structure and multiferroic properties of barium ferrite ceramics." Processing and Application of Ceramics 16, no. 2 (2022): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac2202106z.

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In this paper, barium ferrite powders were synthesized by sol-gel method, calcined at different temperatures, and on this basis the corresponding ceramics were prepared. The effects of calcination temperature on the structure, magnetic, dielectric and multiferroic properties of BaFe12O19 ceramics were studied. XRD results confirmed similarity between powders and ceramics, where dominant phase is BaFe12O19 and a small amount of an apparent BaFe2O4 impurity phase was formed at lower calcination temperature. The impurity BaFe2O4 phase is the main reason for decreasing powder magnetization. The maximum dielectric constant of 100 (at 10 kHz) and maximum remanent polarization, remanent magnetization and saturation magnetization of 0.46 ?C/cm2, 47.37 emu/g and 79.96 emu/g, respectively, were obtained in the barium ferrite ceramics prepared from the powder calcined at 1100?C. This research could be the basis for the study of single-phase multiferroic materials and the development of multi-order electronic devices.

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Zhai, Kun, Da-Shan Shang, Yi-Sheng Chai, Gang Li, Jian-Wang Cai, Bao-Gen Shen, and Young Sun. "Room-Temperature Nonvolatile Memory Based on a Single-Phase Multiferroic Hexaferrite." Advanced Functional Materials 28, no. 9 (December 18, 2017): 1705771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201705771.

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Annapureddy, V., N. P. Pathak, and Rabinder Nath. "Structural, Optical and Ferroelectric Properties of BiCoO₃:BiFeO₃ Composite Films." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.260.

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Multiferroic materials, which simultaneously exhibit ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, have recently stimulated a sharply increasing number of research activities for their scientific interest and significant technological promise in the novel multifunctional devices. Natural multiferroic single phase compounds are rare, and their magnetoelectric response are relatively weak at room temperature. In contrast, multiferroic composites improve the magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature which can have potential applications in data storage, sensors, spintronics and filters. In view of this, Multiferroic BiFeO3 –BiCoO3 (BF-BC) composite thin films have been prepared by the spray pyrolysis method, where (110) - oriented texture was obtained. X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed that BF-BC composite films were highly (110) textured. The AFM images show that the films were uniform, dance and of nearly spherical shape nanoparticle with size of 18 nm. The (110) - texture BF-BC composite films exhibits improvement in remanent polarization and coercive field with very low leakage current. The optical properties of the composite films have been studied and correlated with their structural parameters.

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39

Yin, Jia-Hang, Guo-Long Tan, and Cong-Cong Duan. "Antiferroelectrics and Magnetoresistance in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 Multiferroic System." Materials 16, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020492.

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The appearance of antiferroelectrics (AFE) in the ferrimagnetism (FM) system would give birth to a new type of multiferroic candidate, which is significant to the development of novel devices for energy storage. Here we demonstrate the realization of full antiferroelectrics in a magnetic La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 system (AFE+FM), which also presents a strong magnetodielectric response (MD) and magnetoresistance (MR) effect. The antiferroelectric phase was achieved at room temperature by replacing 0.5 Sr2+ ions with 0.5 La2+ ions in the SrFe12O19 compound, whose phase transition temperature of ferroelectrics (FE) to antiferroelectrics was brought down from 174 °C to −141 °C, while the temperature of antiferroelectrics converting to paraelectrics (PE) shifts from 490 °C to 234 °C after the substitution. The fully separated double P-E hysteresis loops reveal the antiferroelectrics in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 ceramics. The magnitude of exerting magnetic field enables us to control the generation of spin current, which induces MD and MR effects. A 1.1T magnetic field induces a large spin current of 15.6 n A in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 ceramics, lifts up dielectric constants by 540%, and lowers the resistance by −89%. The magnetic performance remains as usual. The multiple functions in one single phase allow us to develop novel intelligent devices.

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40

Dzunuzovic, Adis, Mirjana Vijatovic-Petrovic, Jelena Bobic, Nikola Ilic, and Biljana Stojanovic. "Magnetoelectric properties of materials based on barium zirconium titanate and various magnetic compounds." Processing and Application of Ceramics 15, no. 3 (2021): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac2103256d.

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Multiferroic composites containing ferroelectric Ba(Ti0.80Zr0.20)O3 (BT80Zr20) phase and magnetic Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 (NZF), CoFe2O4 (CF) or Ni0.7Cu0.01Sm0.05Zn0.29Fe1.95O4 (NCuSmZF) phase were investigated in this study. Three composites, BT80Zr20-NZF, BT80Zr20-CF and BT80Zr20-NCuSmZF were prepared by mixing chemically synthesized powders in the planetary mill, uniaxial pressing and sintering at 1300?C. X-ray diffraction data for the single phase and composites ceramics indicated the formation of crystallized structure of both ferrites and barium zirconium titanate, without the presence of undesirable phases. Microstructure analysis has shown the formation of two types of nanosized grains, polygonal ferromagnetic andd rounded ferroelectric grains. Non-saturated hysteresis loops were evident in all composite samples possibly due to the presence of very high conductive ferrite phases. The BT80Zr20-CF has shown the lowest conductivity values in comparison with other two compounds and therefore the highest potential for ferroelectric application. The impedance investigations confirmed the presence of different relaxation processes that originate from the grain and grain boundary contributions. Investigation of J-E relation between leakage and electric field for the BT80Zr20 and composites revealed the presence of four possible mechanisms of conduction in these materials.

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Guzdek, Piotr. "Magnetoelectric Properties in Nickel Ferrite – Niobate Relaxor Bulk Composites." Advances in Science and Technology 77 (September 2012): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.77.215.

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Magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic materials is widely studied for its fundamental interest and practical applications. The magnetoelectric effect observed for single phase materials like Cr2O3, BiFeO3, Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3is usually small. A much larger effect can be obtained in composites consisting of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases. This paper investigates the magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric properties of nickel ferrite Ni0.3Zn0.62Cu0.08Fe2O4- relaxor Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3bulk composites. The magnetic properties of composites shows a dependence typical of such composite materials, i.e. it consists of a dominating signal from ferrimagnetic phase (ferrite) and a weak signal from paramagnetic (antiferromagnetic) phase (relaxors). Magnetoelectric effect at room temperature was investigated as a function of static magnetic field (300-7200 Oe) and frequency (10 Hz-10 kHz) of sinusoidal modulation magnetic field. The magnetoelectric effect increase slightly before reaching a maximum at HDC= 750 Oe and then decrease. The magnetoelectric coefficient increases continuously as frequency is raised, although this increase is less pronounced in the 1-10 kHz range.

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Xu, Chengchao, Jun Li, Huanfang Tian, Zi-An Li, Huaixin Yang, and Jianqi Li. "Flux Method Growth and Structure and Properties Characterization of Rare-Earth Iron Oxides Lu1−xScxFeO3 Single Crystals." Crystals 12, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060769.

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Perovskite rare-earth ferrites (REFeO3) have attracted great attention for their high ferroelectric and magnetic transition temperatures, strong magnetoelectric coupling, and electric polarization. We report on the flux method growth of rare-earth iron oxide Lu1−xScxFeO3 single crystals through a K2CO3-B2O3-Bi2O3 mixture as a flux solution, and give a detailed characterization of the microstructure, magnetism, and ferroelectric properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements revealed that the obtained single crystals can be designated to three different crystal structures of different chemical compositions, that is, Lu0.96Sc0.04FeO3 (perovskite phase), Lu0.67Sc0.33FeO3 (hexagonal phase), and Lu0.2Sc0.8FeO3 (bixbyite phase), respectively. Magnetic measurements indicate that the perovskite Lu0.96Sc0.04FeO3 is an anisotropic hard ferromagnetic material with a high Curie transition temperature, the bixbyite Lu0.2Sc0.8FeO3 is a low temperature soft ferromagnetic material, and the hexagonal Lu0.67Sc0.33FeO3 exhibits multiferroic properties. Lu0.67Sc0.33FeO3 possesses a weak ferromagnetic transition at about 162 K. We further investigate the ferroelectric domain structures in hexagonal sample by scanning electron microscope and the characteristic atomic structures in ferroelectric domain walls by atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscope. Our successful growth of perovskite Lu1−xScxFeO3 single crystals with distinct crystal structures and stochiometric Lu-Sc substitutions is anticipated to provide a useful ferrites system for furthering exploitation of their multiferroic properties and functionalities.

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Pradhan, Dhiren K., Shalini Kumari, and Philip D. Rack. "Magnetoelectric Composites: Applications, Coupling Mechanisms, and Future Directions." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 2072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10102072.

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Multiferroic (MF)-magnetoelectric (ME) composites, which integrate magnetic and ferroelectric materials, exhibit a higher operational temperature (above room temperature) and superior (several orders of magnitude) ME coupling when compared to single-phase multiferroic materials. Room temperature control and the switching of magnetic properties via an electric field and electrical properties by a magnetic field has motivated research towards the goal of realizing ultralow power and multifunctional nano (micro) electronic devices. Here, some of the leading applications for magnetoelectric composites are reviewed, and the mechanisms and nature of ME coupling in artificial composite systems are discussed. Ways to enhance the ME coupling and other physical properties are also demonstrated. Finally, emphasis is given to the important open questions and future directions in this field, where new breakthroughs could have a significant impact in transforming scientific discoveries to practical device applications, which can be well-controlled both magnetically and electrically.

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44

Suastiyanti, Dwita, Yuli Nurul Maulida, and Merlin Wijaya. "Improving of Electric Voltage Response Based on Improving of Electrical Properties for Multiferroic Material of BiFeO₃-BaTiO₃ System." Key Engineering Materials 867 (October 2020): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.867.54.

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Synthesis of nanomultiferroic material with the active content of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) and barium titanate (BaTiO3) was carried out. It is considering that it was difficult to obtain single phase of BiFeO3 as a base material for multiferroic materials. It is expected that the addition of BaTiO3 on ceramic alloys consist of BiFeO3 and BaTiO3 can improve the electrical properties of the ceramics and finally it improves the multiferroic properties of the material. Multiferroic properties could be seen from the appearance of an electric voltage response if the material is given the effect of an external magnetic field. The synthesis uses the sol gel method which is a good method of producing nanosized material. Synthesis of nanomultiferroic ceramic materials is carried out by varying the weight ratio of BaTiO3 and BiFeO3 of 2: 1, calcination temperature of 350°C for 4 hours and sintering temperatures with variations of 700°C; 750°C and 800°C for 2; 4; and 6 hours. Characterization was carried out using X Ray Diffraction (XRD) to confirm phase formation. The electrical properties test which produces a hysterical loop is carried out to determine the value of remanent, coercivity and electric polarization saturation. Particle size measurements were carried out using the Beckman Coulter DelsaTM nanoinstrument. The multiferroic phenomena is known from the appearance of an electric voltage response if there is an effect of an external magnetic field on the material. The smallest particle size was obtained on ceramic powder which experienced sintered of 750°C. The best values of remanent, coercivity and electric polarization were obtained on ceramics which were sintered at temperatures of 750°C for 6 hours. This is linear with the highest value of electrical voltage arising as a result of the effect of the external magnetic field given to the ceramic material. Material that has a large electrical voltage response shows good multiferroic properties.

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45

Muneeswaran, M., P. Jegatheesan, M. Gopiraman, Ick-Soo Kim, and N. V. Giridharan. "Structural, optical, and multiferroic properties of single phased BiFeO3." Applied Physics A 114, no. 3 (April 27, 2013): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7712-5.

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46

Rafitasari, Yeti, Ardita Septiani, Asep Ridwan Nugraha, Ervin Naufal Arrasyid, Dedi, and Agustinus Agung Nugroho. "Synthesis of Bismuth Ferrite and its Application for Oscillator Material up to 25 GHz Range." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.9.

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Among other multiferroic materials, bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) attracts much attention due to its room-temperature properties and its wide potential applications. However, the synthesis to obtain a single-phase material is hard to be achieved because of the volatility of bismuth oxide. In this study, the BiFeO3 powders were synthesized by using a sol-gel method from the nitrates of bismuth and iron salt with the various stoichiometric ratios between Bi and Fe of 1:1.02, 1:1, 1.02:1, and 1.03:1. The single-phase and a good stoichiometric ratio of Bi: Fe = 1:1 was obtained from the starting composition ratio of 1.03:1 with a quenching process from 550°C sintering temperature. The single-phase of BiFeO3 shows a hysteresis curve of a weak antiferromagnetic with a coercive field of about 1.38 kOe at room temperature. The measurement of microwave oscillator was measured by using a dielectric resonator from 0 to 25 GHz does not show any resonant peak.

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Stampfli, Ryan, Nha Uyen Huynh, and George Youssef. "Long-Term Converse Magnetoelectric Response of Actuated 1-3 Multiferroic Composite Structures." Magnetochemistry 7, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040055.

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Multiferroic composite materials operating under the principle of strain mediation across the interfaces separating different material boundaries address many limitations of single-phase magnetoelectric materials. Although significant research has been conducted to explore their responses relating to the topography and directionality of material polarization and magnetic loading, there remain unanswered questions regarding the long-term performance of these multiferroic structures. In this study, a multiferroic composite structure consisting of an inner Terfenol-D magnetostrictive cylinder and an outer lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric cylinder was investigated. The composite was loaded over a 45-day period with an AC electric field (20 kV/m) at a near-resonant frequency (32.5 kHz) and a simultaneously applied DC magnetic field of 500 Oe. The long-term magnetoelectric and thermal responses were continuously monitored, and an extensive micrographic analysis of pretest and post-test states was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The extended characterization revealed a significant degradation of ≈30–50% of the magnetoelectric response, whereas SEM micrographs indicated a reduction in the bonding interface quality. The increase in temperature at the onset of loading was associated with the induced oscillatory piezoelectric strain and accounted for 28% of the strain energy loss over nearly one hour.

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Sazonov, Andrew, Vladimir Hutanu, Martin Meven, Georg Roth, István Kézsmárki, Hiroshi Murakawa, Yoshinori Tokura, and Bálint Náfrádi. "The low-temperature crystal structure of the multiferroic melilite Ca2CoSi2O7." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 72, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520615023057.

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In the antiferromagnetic ground state, belowTN≃ 5.7 K, Ca2CoSi2O7exhibits strong magnetoelectric coupling. For a symmetry-consistent theoretical description of this multiferroic phase, precise knowledge of its crystal structure is a prerequisite. Here we report the results of single-crystal neutron diffraction on Ca2CoSi2O7at temperatures between 10 and 250 K. The low-temperature structure at 10 K was refined assuming twinning in the orthorhombic space groupP21212 with a 3 × 3 × 1 supercell [a= 23.52 (1),b= 23.52 (1),c= 5.030 (3) Å] compared with the high-temperature normal state [tetragonal space group P\overline {4}2_{1}m,a=b≃ 7.86,c≃ 5.03 Å]. The precise structural parameters of Ca2CoSi2O7at 10 K are presented and compared with the literature X-ray diffraction results at 130 and 170 K (low-temperature commensurate phase), as well as at ∼ 500 K (high-temperature normal phase).

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Guo, Er-Jia, Ryan Desautels, David Keavney, Manuel A. Roldan, Brian J. Kirby, Dongkyu Lee, Zhaoliang Liao, et al. "Nanoscale ferroelastic twins formed in strained LaCoO3 films." Science Advances 5, no. 3 (March 2019): eaav5050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav5050.

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The coexistence and coupling of ferroelasticity and magnetic ordering in a single material offers a great opportunity to realize novel devices with multiple tuning knobs. Complex oxides are a particularly promising class of materials to find multiferroic interactions due to their rich phase diagrams, and are sensitive to external perturbations. Still, there are very few examples of these systems. Here, we report the observation of twin domains in ferroelastic LaCoO3 epitaxial films and their geometric control of structural symmetry intimately linked to the material’s electronic and magnetic states. A unidirectional structural modulation is achieved by selective choice of substrates having twofold rotational symmetry. This modulation perturbs the crystal field–splitting energy, leading to unexpected in-plane anisotropy of orbital configuration and magnetization. These findings demonstrate the use of structural modulation to control multiferroic interactions and may enable a great potential for stimulation of exotic phenomena through artificial domain engineering.

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HUANG, A., S. Y. TAN, and S. R. SHANNIGRAHI. "THICKNESS EFFECTS ON THE EPITAXIAL NATURE OF THE SINGLE-PHASE MULTIFERROIC THIN FILMS." International Journal of Nanoscience 08, no. 01n02 (February 2009): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x09005992.

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Multiferroic Bi 0.95 La 0.05 Fe 0.7 Sc 0.3 O 3 (BLFS) thin films with different thicknesses have been prepared on (1 0 0) LaAlO 3 (LAO) substrates using a sol–gel process and annealed in N 2 ambient at 650°C for 5 min. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it was observed that BLFS thin films had (h 0 0)-preferred orientation for the film thickness 63, 125, 186, and 240 nm and became isotropic thereafter. The films developed in-plane epitaxial growth with respect to the substrate. The surface morphology became denser and the surface roughness increased as thickness increased up to 241 nm. The highest dielectric constant observed for the 241 nm thick BLFS film too. No prominent of the leakage current density observed for the film thickness up to 241 nm. However, two fold increase in the leakage current density observed for the film thickness 382 nm. For the BLFS films with thickness 241 nm, we observed the highest dielectric constant (ε) value of 1675 and remnant polarization (Pr) polarization value of 52 μC/cm2 using a sol–gel spin coating process.

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