Дисертації з теми "Simulation validée"
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1
Bénard, Vincent. "Evaluation de la sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes complexes, basée sur un mode fontionnel dynamique : la méthode SAFE-SADT." Valenciennes, 2004. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3fb536a1-1028-4880-b5f0-7ff718ea5b94.
Анотація:
Cette thèse s'attache à tenir compte dès la phase de conception des aspects de la sûreté de fonctionnement. Une partie qualitative vise à modéliser les sous-ensembles fonctionnels en intégrant des contraintes de sûreté de fonctionnement, performance, coût, etc. Le problème de conception d'un système complexe automatisé en considérant les critères sûreté de fonctionnement peut se résumer par la question suivante : comment se traduit l'agrégation de ces différentes fonctions en termes de paramètres FMDS du système global ? Les travaux menés partent du constat de l'absence de langages et d'outils pour la modélisation d'architectures abstraites obtenues par composition d'entités logicielles et matérielles. La méthode fonctionnelle dynamique SAFE-SADT proposée est un premier élément de réponse. Elle permet la modélisation, caractérisation, identification et représentation des dépendances au sein de l'architecture opérationnelle et la quantification des paramètres de sûreté à des fins de validation de l'architecture opérationnelle en prenant en compte les aspects dynamiques grâce à la simulation de Monte CarloThis thesis deals with design of dependable automated complex systems. A qualitative approach aims at modelling the functional subsets with the integration of various constraints as early as the design phase. The problem inherent in design of automated complex systems can be summarized by the following question: how to express the aggregation of these different functions in terms RAMS parameters of the global system? These works result from the absence of languages and tools for the modelling of abstracted architectures obtained by composition of software and hardware entities. The proposed SAFE-SADT method is a first response element. It allows the modelling, the characterization, the identification and the representation of dependences within the operational architecture. It allows the quantification of the dependability parameters with intent to validate the operational architecture by taking into account the dynamic aspects by means of a Monte Carlo simulation
2
Bertin, Étienne. "Robust optimal control for the guidance of autonomous vehicles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAE012.
Анотація:
Le guidage d'un lanceur réutilisable est un problème de contrôle qui nécessite à la fois précision et robustesse : il faut calculer une trajectoire et un contrôle, de sorte que le lanceur atteigne la piste d'atterrissage, sans s'écraser ni exploser en vol, le tout en utilisant le moins de carburant possible.Les méthodes de Contrôle Optimal issu du Principe de Pontryagin calculent une trajectoire optimale avec grande précision, mais les incertitudes, soit les erreurs entre les estimations de l'état initial et des paramètres et leurs valeurs réelles, causent une déviation potentiellement dangereuse de la trajectoire réelle. En parallèle, les méthodes ensemblistes et notamment la simulation validée peuvent encadrer toutes les trajectoires possibles d'un système dynamique avec des incertitudes bornées.Cette thèse combine ces deux approches pour encadrer des ensembles de trajectoires optimales de systèmes avec incertitudes afin de garantir la robustesse du guidage d'un véhicule autonome.Nous commençons par définir des ensembles de trajectoires optimales pour des systèmes avec incertitudes, d'abord pour les trajectoires mathématiquement parfaites, puis pour les trajectoires d'un véhicule sujet à des erreurs d'estimation, mais qui utiliserait, ou non, les données des capteurs pour recalculer sa trajectoire en cours de route. Le principe de Pontryagin caractérise ces ensembles comme solutions de problèmes aux deux bouts avec des dynamiques avec incertitudes. Nous développons alors des algorithmes qui encadrent toutes les solutions de ces problèmes aux deux bouts en utilisant la simulation validée, l'arithmétique des intervalles et la théorie des contracteurs. Cependant, la simulation avec des intervalles occasionne une forte sur-approximation qui limite nos méthodes. Pour y remédier, nous remplaçons les intervalles par des zonotopes symboliques contraints. Nous utilisons notamment ces zonotopes pour simuler des systèmes hybrides, encadrer des solutions de problèmes aux deux bouts et construire des sous-approximations en complément de la sur-approximation classique. Enfin, nous combinons tout ceci pour calculer des ensembles de trajectoires de systèmes aérospatiaux et les utilisons pour évaluer la robustesse du contrôleThe guidance of a reusable launcher is a control problem that requires both precision and robustness: one must compute a trajectory and a control such that the system reaches the landing zone, without crashing into it or exploding mid-flight, all while using as little fuel as possible. Optimal control methods based on Pontryagin's Maximum Principle can compute an optimal trajectory with great precision, but uncertainties, the discrepancies between estimated values of the initial state and parameters and actual values, cause the actual trajectory to deviate, which can be dangerous. In parallel, set-based methods and notably validated simulation can enclose all trajectories of a system with uncertainties.This thesis combines those two approaches to enclose sets of optimal trajectories of a problem with uncertainties to guarantee the robustness of the guidance of autonomous vehicles.We start by defining sets of optimal trajectories for systems with uncertainties, first for mathematically perfect trajectories, then for the trajectory of a vehicle subject to estimation errors that can use, or not use, sensor information to compute a new trajectory online. Pontryagin's principle characterizes those sets as solutions of a boundary value problem with dynamics subject to uncertainties. We develop algorithms that enclose all solutions of these boundary value problem using validated simulation, interval arithmetic and contractor theory. However, validated simulation with intervals is subject to significant over-approximation that limits our methods. To remedy that we replace intervals by constrained symbolic zonotopes. We use those zonotopes to simulate hybrid systems, enclose the solutions of boundary value problems and build an inner-approximation to complement the classical outer-approximation. Finally, we combine all our methods to compute sets of trajectories for aerospace systems and use those sets to assess the robustness of a control
3
PAGEOT, JEAN-MARC. "Guider la simulation pour valider les protocoles." Rennes 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN10086.
Анотація:
La notion de guidage est developpee; celui qui peut etre mis en oeuvre independamment du protocole traite et qui consiste a reduire statiquement l'espace d'etats du protocole et, par opposition, celui qui est dependant du protocole. Le guidage dependant du protocole est lui meme divisible suivant qu'il est intra-protocole et extra-protocole. L'etude a ete realisee dans le cadre du guidage dependant extra-protocole. La technique du guidage a ete appliquee au cours de la simulation d'un algorithme distribue de detection de terminaison de processus et pour deux protocoles (connection less network protocol et t70)
4
Benson, Kristen D. "Use of centrifuge modelling to validate an unsaturated transport numerical simulation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65665.pdf.
5
Papapanagiotou, Nikolaos, Eugen Constantin, Sanjeev Singh, and Nikolaos Papapanagiotou. "Analysis of DDD and VDT simulation techniques to determine feasibility of using VDT simulation to validate DDD models." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9925.
Анотація:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.MBA Professional Report
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
The purpose of this MBA project was to determine whether and how VDT can emulate the results obtained from A2C2 Experiments. To do that, we have first focused on learning the basics of VDT and DDD simulation techniques and then on how the models used in DDD can be analyzed using VDT. To this end, we obtained experimental data from DDD Experiment 8 and created representative models in VDT to determine the similarities and differences. We also kept detailed records of our research to assist individuals in the future who may want to expand on our work. The project involved studying of DDD and VDT techniques, establishing building blocks in VDT, creating a best effort model for DDD Experiment 8 and studying the various outcomes. In this project we could not successfully replicate the complex DDD Experiment 8 scenarios within VDT. However, important conclusions were drawn that would go a long way towards helping future studies in this regard.
6
Benezech, Laurent Jean-Michel Dimotakis Paul E. "Premixed hydrocarbon stagnation flames : experiments and simulations to validate combustion chemical-kinetic models /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2008. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05302008-113043.
7
Miller, Craig. "A Research Based General Framework for Effective Simulation Development and Methodology to Validate Economic Fidelity." Thesis, Metropolitan State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3668376.
Анотація:
The three primary objectives of this project were: (1) to identify and codify a framework for best practices in developing a simulation; (2) to construct a prototype or test simulation based on these best practices, and (3) to create a methodology to assess pedagogical efficacy and economic fidelity.
While the current body of knowledge is rich in describing the virtues and pitfalls of computer simulation technology that has existed for close to 60 years, the literature nonetheless lacks a codified set of best practices for developers and objective assessment methods to judge a simulation quality for both the pedagogical effectiveness and economic fidelity. This study addresses both issues and offers a solution that is unique and effective. A General Framework for Effective Simulation Development that is derivative, and an extension of existing research in the business simulation domain. A simulation prototype, SimWrite!, has been developed that is consistent with the 12 elements identified in this framework. Each stage of the development of this test simulation is explicitly tied to the best practices that emerged from the literature. A second assessment tool, The Economic Theory Input-Output Matrix, is presented to enable a user to measure the economic fidelity of a simulation. This tool is based on microeconomic theory that is taught at business schools throughout the globe. Both assessment tools will be applied to the test simulation in a manner that will enable the user to replicate this research with other simulations they are interested in. The products of this dissertation are intended to aid current and future developers make better simulations and faculty users of simulations to better select simulations that will help them to achieve the goal of all involved in teaching business: To produce greater learning for students.
8
Shaw, J. "Use of plant growth simulations to validate BRDF model parameters derived SPOT-VGT data." Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639015.
Анотація:
By inverting BRDF models against satellite-sensor measurements of spectral reflectance recorded at different illumination and view angles, it is theoretically possible to obtain estimates of several important environmental variables (e.g., LAI, albedo). In recent years, a growing number of studies has exploited this basic approach, however, the relationships between the resulting model-derived quantities and the corresponding surface properties have yet to be rigorously explored. This thesis examines these relationships, by comparing upscaled observations of LAI with the outputs of BRDF model inversions. The research makes use of ground-base measurements of LAI, albedo, spectral reflectance and canopy biometric characteristics for a variety of arable crops over two growing seasons (1999/2000). These data sets are, however, recorded at very different spatial and temporal scales compared to the satellite-sensor data employed as input to the BRDF models (c.1km). The former data set was, therefore, upscaled to match the satellite data. Upscaling is achieved using a combination of plant growth models and intermediate spatial resolution satellite-sensor images. The plant growth models, in particular SUCROS, are used to provide estimates of LAI over the full growing season. These temporal profiles of LAI are up-scaled to the 1km spatial resolution of the SPOT-VGT image data employed in the BRDF model inversions using image data acquired by the Lansat-TM sensor. These data are used to generate a land cover map of the study area (84% accuracy). The simulated temporal profiles of LAI are applied to this land cover map on a cover-type by cover-type basis to generate images of LAI, initially at 30m resolution and, subsequently, at 1km resolution. In theory, the kernel weights are related to surface biophysical properties, however, it was subsequently determined that, in the case of LAI, this was not so. Therefore, evidence that the kernel weights may be related to LAI is sought by comparison of the temporal profiles of up-scaled LAI with temporal profiles of up-scaled LAI with temporal profiles of the kernel weights. Although positive correlation with the other kernel weights. It was, however, found that the up-scaled LAI was strongly correlated with the NDVI and the corrected NDVI than with the kernel weights.
9
Bochníček, Štěpán. "Validace numerické simulace průběhu plnění matečné formy voskem a její následná optimalizace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230975.
Анотація:
The main topic of the diploma thesis is simulation of the process when wax is filling the cavity of the "mother" metal die.This knowledge is the neccessary presumption for correct design of the gating system and setting correct injection parameters (temperature, pressure, wax flow) when making wax patterns.
10
Mokrý, Michal. "In silico návrh a validace peptidových derivátů konotoxinu pro nanoterapii neuroblastomu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442491.
Анотація:
Práca sa zaoberá in silico dizajnom a validáciou peptidov založených na konotoxíne - MrIA, izolovaného z morských slimákov druhu Conus marmoreus a možnosti využitia týchto peptidov v liečbe neuroblastómu pomocou cielenia norepinefrínového transportéru. Päť peptidov založených na tomto konotoxíne bolo simulovaných pomocou simulácii molekulárnej dynamiky, ich trajektórie boli analyzované pre zistenie vlastností týchto peptidov. Dva homologické modely ľudského norepinefrínového transportéru boli vytvorené pre analýzu väzobných vlastností peptidov založených na konotoxíne ku norepinefrínovému transportéru. Peptidy boli následne syntetizované a použité na pokrytie apoferitínových nanočastíc s elipticínom uväzneným vnútri apoferitínu. Vytvorené peptidy a nanočastice boli ďalej skúmané pre objasnenie ich fyzikálo-chemických vlastností. Interakcie a cytotoxicita boli skúmané aplokáciou nanočastíc na bunky neuroblastómu a epitelu. Z in silico a in vitro analýz vyšiel YKL-6 peptid ako najlepší kandidát na ďalší výskum.
11
Todd, Catherine Angela. "A clinically valid simulator with tactile sensing to train specialists to perform cochlear implantation." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070208.171637/index.html.
12
Miller, Mark Stephen. "Use of osmotic coefficient measurements to validate and to correct the interaction thermodynamics of amino acids in molecular dynamics simulations." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6476.
Анотація:
Molecular dynamics simulations are an increasingly valuable tool to biochemical researchers: advances in computational power have expanded the range of biomolecules that can be simulated, and parameters describing these interactions are increasingly accurate. Despite substantial progress in force field parameterization, recent simulations of protein molecules using state-of-the-art, fixed-charge force fields revealed that the interactions among and within protein molecules can be too favorable, resulting in unrealistic aggregation or structural collapse of the proteins being simulated. To understand why these protein-protein interactions are so over-stabilized, I first assessed the ability of simulation force fields to represent accurately the interactions of individual amino acids, employing an osmotic pressure simulation apparatus that enabled direct comparison with experiment. Surprisingly, simulations of most of the amino acids resulted in behavior that was in strong agreement with experiment. A number of amino acids, however—notably those that contain hydroxyl groups and those that carry a formal charge—interacted in ways that were clearly inaccurate. Additionally, some commonly-used force fields failed to accurately represent the interactions of amino acids in a consistent manner. By further investigating the interactions of the functional groups of these amino acids, I was able not only to determine some of the root causes of individual amino acid inaccuracies, but also to implement simple modifications that brought the interactions of these small molecules and amino acids in stronger accord with experiment. These studies have highlighted some of the shortcomings in popular simulation force fields, and have proposed useful modifications to address them. Still, there is additional work that must be—and is being—conducted in order to correctly model the interaction behavior of proteins in simulation.
13
MALIZIA, ANDREA. "Dust mobilization problem in an experimental nuclear reactor: experiments with stardust and simulations to validate a first re-suspension numerical model." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1325.
Анотація:
A recognized safety issue for future fusion reactors fueled with deuterium and tritium is the generation of sizeable quantities of dust. Several mechanisms [like plasma disruptions, Edge Localized Modes (ELM) and Vertical Displacement Events (VDE)] resulting from material response to plasma bombardment in normal and off-normal conditions are responsible for generating dust of micron and sub-micron length scales inside the VV (Vacuum Vessel) of experimental fusion reactors like the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The loss of coolant accidents (LOCA), loss of coolant flow accidents (LOFA) and loss of vacuum accidents (LOVA) are types of accidents expected in experimental fusion reactors like ITER, which may jeopardize the components and the plasma vessel integrity and cause dust mobilization risk for workers and public. A small facility, Small Tank for Aerosol Removal and DUST (STARDUST), was set up to perform experiments concerning the dust mobilization in a volume with the initial condition similar to those existing in ITER VV.
The aim of this work was to reproduce a low pressurization rate (300 Pa/s) LOVA event in ITER due to a small air leakage, for two different positions of the leak, at the equatorial port level and at the divertor port level, in order to evaluate a first re-suspension numerical model by the analysis of the:
1. influence of obstacles and temperature on dust resuspension during both maintenance and operative conditions;
2. The velocity field inside STARDUST.
For the first experimental purpose the dusts used were tungsten (W), stainless steel (SS) and carbon (C), similar to those produced inside the vacuum chamber in a fusion reactor when the plasma facing materials vaporizes due to the high energy deposition. The experimental campaign has been carried out by introducing inside STARDUST facility an obstacle to simulate the presence of objects, like divertor and the limiter-divertor gap inside ITER VV at different temperatures (25�C maintenance conditions, 110�C during operative conditions).
For the second experimental purpose, local measurements of velocity have been acquired by means of a capacitive transducer.
A two-dimensional (2D) modelling of STARDUST was made with the commercial CFD code FLUENT, in order to get a preliminary overview of the fluid dynamics behaviour during a LOVA event and to justify the experimental evidence. The results of these simulations were compared against the experimental data for the CFD code validation.
For validation purposes, the CFD simulation data were extracted at the same locations as the experimental data were collected. In this work, the computer-simulation data and the comparison with data collected during the laboratory studies will be presented and discussed.
14
Mahmood, Tariq. "The efficiency ratio of a colonoscopy simulator : a new valid teaching and assessment outcome measure." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407568.
15
Hoelzenbein, Angela C. [Verfasser], and Karl Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Klauer. "'Mind the Gap': Simulation studies to validate the quality of multiple imputation = 'Mind the Gap': Simulationsstudien zur Validierung der Güte von Multipler Imputation." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/111924644X/34.
16
Supriyanto, Supriyanto [Verfasser], and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Noche. "Fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming and Simulation Approach to the Development of Valid and Realistic Master Production Schedule / Supriyanto Supriyanto ; Betreuer: Bernd Noche." Duisburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1193651417/34.
17
Lewis, Andrew Peter. "Muscle impairment in cerebral palsy : does the current 'standard' method of simulating muscle activations during human walking produce valid results?" Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/muscle-impairment-in-cerebral-palsy(3b54bd41-f1e3-4077-b9fe-4105c22552b4).html.
Анотація:
It has been proposed that musculo-skeletal modelling techniques may provide new tools for use in clinical gait analysis to help our understanding of the role of muscles and tendons in movement dysfunction. Sensitivity and validity analyses are necessary and important steps in achieving this goal. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate SimTrack, a workflow for generating muscle driven simulations of movement embedded within the 3D musculo-skeletal modelling software package OpenSim (Delp et al., 2007). Walking in both pathological (cerebral palsy) and typically developing subjects was analysed. If muscle activations can be accurately determined using such techniques, advanced simulation methods may be used to determine the mechanical potential of muscles in these groups and therefore help identify muscles in subjects with cerebral palsy that cannot make significant contribution to support and progression in walking. Ten typically developing adolescents and ten independently ambulant adolescents with cerebral palsy were recruited and the following data collected: MRI of the lower-limbs; 2D-ultrasound of a number of lower limb muscles; 3D motion, electromyography and ground-reaction-force data of the subjects’ walking patterns. The muscle morphology of subjects in the two groups were assessed and this data was used to inform 3D musculo-skeletal models. Each model’s muscle activations were allowed to vary to track the subject’s recorded walking pattern and the sensitivities of these simulated activations to changes in model muscle strength were tested over a normative range. The validity of the simulated activations were then determined by comparison with experimental electromyographic data. In the case group, muscle volumes were found to be smaller (principally in the distal musculature) and physiological cross-sectional areas were found to be larger in the thigh and smaller in the shank than the control group. The musculo-skeletal model was insensitive to changes in muscle strength. All simulated activations were found to be invalid. The results suggest that the application of SimTrack to the understanding of normal and pathological gait may be compromised by an inability to generate valid muscle activations.
18
Devenon, Jean-Luc. "Utilisation de mesures de courants côtiers superficiels par radar HF pour valider et optimiser les modèles numériques de circulation littorale en mer à marée." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066463.
Анотація:
On présente une utilisation originale de mesures de courants par radar HF pour la modélisation numérique en dynamique côtière. On rappelle le principe du fonctionnement du radar en courantomètre, et on étudie les incertitudes de mesures réalisées par cet appareil. On procède ensuite à la comparaison des résultats d'une expérience de courantométrie par radar HF avec les résultats d'un modèle numérique, et on montre l'aptitude du radar à valider globalement les résultats d'un tel modèle sur une zone étendue de son domaine de prédiction. On présente enfin une technique d'optimisation de modèle par assimilation de données radar qui permet d'ajuster de façon optimale certains des paramètres du modèle et certaines de ses conditions aux limites, et qui fournit des cartes de courant lissées.
19
Richtr, Jiří. "Využití diskrétní simulace při řízení výrobního procesu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223057.
Анотація:
Simulace výrobních procesů pomáhá optimalizovat výrobu, logistiku a další systémy, díky čemuž dochází ke snižování nákladů a racionalizaci vnitropodnikových procesů. Využitím diskrétní simulace programu Witness Power with Ease se v diplomové práci optimalizuje logistický tok materiálu ve společnosti Hella Autotechnik, s.r.o. Práce přibližuje metody a jednotlivé fáze tvorby modelu včetně jeho validace a navrhuje vylepšení, díky kterému by mělo dojít ke snížení nákladů na dopravní služby o 24 400 Kč měsíčně.
20
Raffai, Peter. "Modeling the Impact of Piston Rings on Oil Consumption of Internal Combustion Engines." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316144.
Анотація:
V rámci této práce byl vyvinut komplexní simulační nástroj, vycházející z výpočtového modelování fyzikálních a chemických dějů, který je doplněn vhodnými matematickými postupy. Výsledný software je schopen stanovit ztrátový výkon sady pístních kroužků pomocí účinků klíčových mechanismů a jejich vzájemné interakce při standardním provozu pístních kroužků. Simulační výstupy byly navrženy v souladu se zájmy průmyslové praxe, např. určení objemového toku plynů pístní skupinou, ztrátové výkony vlivem tření a spotřeba oleje, která je ovlivněna sadou pístních kroužků. Při vývoji simulačního modelu byly technické experimenty vykonány na tříválcovém zážehovém motoru za účelem získání vstupních dat a ověření výsledků. Možnosti navrženého simulačního nástroje jsou na tomto motoru dále demonstrovány v podobě parametrických studií, využitelných zejména při návrhovém procesu. Cílem dizertační práce bylo zaplnit mezeru ve výzkumné oblasti simulačních nástrojů, které mohou účinně propojit výpočtové modelování třecích ztrát a současně i spotřeby oleje, a podpořit tak výrobce pístních kroužků a vývojová oddělení spalovacích motorů.
21
Vrána, Jakub. "Optimalizace výrobního procesu ve společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223905.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with the management of the production process, focusing on unproductive activities. It comprises analysis of the current situation in the company Teva Czech Industries s.r.o. (the TCI) and suggestions for improvement measures. The first chapter presents theoretical basis for processing work. PMT methods, namely MTM and MOST, lean production with a focus on 5S, TPM and Kaizen are described. The second chapter is focused on the company TCI, core business, organization structure and analyzes the current status. It’s focused primarily on the process of critical non-manufacturing operations and the changeover cleaning process. The third chapter, following the analytical part consists of the proposed recommendations. The fourth chapter deals with the final evaluation.
22
Vyhlídalová, Karolína. "Zásobník tepla solární soustavy." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433632.
Анотація:
The solar hot water storage tank is off great importance in the solar collector array. It allows transformed energy accumulation thus deals with the inconsistency between supply and demand. The suitable design of the storage tank can improve system efficiency. The storage capacity represents the balance between the amount of stored hot water and the tank's heat losses. The design of the storage capacity is based on three hypotheses. The coverage of hot water demand by solar energy, the ratio between storage capacity and solar thermal collector area and the prediction that the storage capacity corresponds to one- to twofold hot water demand. The purpose of this thesis is to share an understanding of the solar storage tanks design and to improve the design through numerical simulation, experimentations and general calculations. It also focuses on the confirmation of the used hypotheses and determination of the best way to design the solar storage tank for general practice and further potential discussions. The simulation model has three variables – the storage capacity, collector area and the number of occupants. The intent is to find the interdependence of these three variables. The purpose of the simulations is to modify the design of the solar tank based on the mutual influence of studied parameters. The modifications are performed based on the users' needs.
23
Cekl, Jakub. "Model palivového souboru tlakovodního reaktoru západní koncepce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376896.
24
Martins, Joana Maria Ferreira Alvura da Hora. "Performance Criteria to Validate Simulation Models." Master's thesis, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/66658.
25
Martins, Joana Maria Ferreira Alvura da Hora. "Performance Criteria to Validate Simulation Models." Dissertação, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/66658.
26
Benezech, Laurent Jean-Michel. "Premixed Hydrocarbon Stagnation Flames: Experiments and Simulations to Validate Combustion Chemical-Kinetic Models." Thesis, 2008. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/2316/6/index.html.
Анотація:
A methodology based on the comparison of flame simulations relying on reacting flow models with experiment is applied to C1–C3 stagnation flames. The work reported targets the assessment and validation of the modeled reactions and reaction rates relevant to (C1–C3)-flame propagation in several detailed combustion kinetic models. A concensus does not, as yet, exist on the modeling of the reasonably well-understood oxidation of C1–C2 flames, and a better knowledge of C3 hydrocarbon combustion chemistry is required before attempting to bridge the gap between the oxidation of C1–C2 hydrocarbons and the more complex chemistry of heavier hydrocarbons in a single kinetic model.
Simultaneous measurements of velocity and CH-radical profiles were performed in atmospheric propane(C3H8)- and propylene(C3H6)-air laminar premixed stagnation flames stabilized in a jet-wall configuration. These nearly-flat flames can be modeled by one-dimensional simulations, providing a means to validate kinetic models. Experimental data for these C3 flames and similar experimental data for atmospheric methane(CH4)-, ethane(C2H6)-, and ethylene(C2H4)-air flames are compared to numerical simulations performed with a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, a multi-component transport formulation including thermal diffusion, and different detailed-chemistry models, in order to assess the adequacy of the models employed. A novel continuation technique between kinetic models was developed and applied successfully to obtain solutions with the less-robust models. The 2005/12 and 2005/10 releases of the San Diego mechanism are found to have the best overall performance in C3H8 and C3H6 flames, and in CH4, C2H6, and C2H4 flames, respectively.
Flame position provides a good surrogate for flame speed in stagnation-flow stabilized flames. The logarithmic sensitivities of the simulated flame locations to variations in the kinetic rates are calculated via the "brute-force" method for fifteen representative flames covering the five fuels under study and the very lean, stoichiometric, and very rich burning regimes, in order to identify the most-important reactions for each flame investigated. The rates of reactions identified in this manner are compared between the different kinetic models. Several reaction-rate differences are thus identified that are likely responsible for the variance in flame-position (or flame-speed) predictions in C1–C2 flames.
27
Venâncio, Ana Cláudia Serdoura. "Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI): Estudos de validação em contexto prisional (design de simulação análogo, validade convergente e validade discriminante)." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99302.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoThe adoption of biased response styles, such as the simulation and exaggeration of psychopathological symptoms, by an examinee, composes a threat to the validity of the results of a (neuro)psychological assessment, especially in forensic contexts, in which secondary gains can stand out. Symptom Validity Tests (SVT) aim to detect the presence of such response styles/ behaviors, in order to provide mental health professionals more reliable interpretations of an individual's actual psychological functioning profile.This study seeked to continue the validation process of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) for the portugueses prison context. To achieve the mentioned goal, to a prison sample of 100 inmates, aged between 18 and 72 years old, was administered an assessment protocol consisting of the following instruments: the SRSI, the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; Smith & Burger, 1997; Widows & Smith, 2005; portuguese version: Simões, Almiro, Mota, et al., 2017), the Symptom Validity Scale – Version 2 (EVS-2; Simões, Almiro, Nunes, et al., 2017; Cunha, 2011) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; Derogatis, 1982; portuguese version: Canavarro, 2007). The present SRSI validation study was based on analogous simulation design, in an intra-subject way. Therefore, all participants answered to the SRSI in two contiguous moments: in a honest way (“honest” condition) and according to instructions (cover story – “simulation” condition) built in line with the recommendations that emerge from the scientific literature, in an attempt to maximize the possibility of generalizability of the data.Regarding the results, the reliability studies (internal consistency of the SRSI scores) indicate high values of Cronbach's alpha for both scales, in both conditions. In the context of convergent validity studies, it should be noted that the SRSI has validity with other TVS (e.g., SIMS and EVS-2), since the results showed the existence of positive, high and significant relationships between the Pseudo-symptoms scale (SRSI) and the total result of the SIMS and EVS-2 (instruments that measure similar theoretical constructs). In the same sense, and as expected, positive, moderate and/or strong correlations were observed between the Genuine Symptoms scale (SRSI) and the BSI global indices (instrument that measures the presence of genuine psychopathology). In the domain of discriminant validity, non-significant, reduced or null correlations were expected between the Pseudo-symptoms scale (SRSI) and the BSI, due to the measurement of non-overlapping constructs. Nevertheless, the results suggested that Pseudo-symptoms scale proved to be equally sensitive to the presence of psychopathology, since there were moderate and strong correlations between it and the global BSI indices – aspect that indicates lack of discriminant validity. In turn, as expected, positive but reduced correlations were observed between the total of the Genuine Symptoms scale (in the “honest” condition) and the total of the Pseudo-symptoms scale (in the “simulation” condition). Also with regard to discriminant validity, it was possible to verify the SRSI's ability to differentiate the scores of the “honest” condition and the “simulation” condition, since there were statistically significant differences between the means obtained in them, with the corresponding effect size being large. In the same sense, the SRSI proved to be able to discriminate the responses of inmates from non-inmates (control sample), scoring the former significantly more than the latter, on the scales and in most subscales of the SRSI.The implications of this study in a prison context are analyzed and recommendations for future investigations are presented.
A adoção de estilos de resposta enviesados, como a simulação e exagero de sintomas psicopatológicos, por parte de um examinando, constitui uma ameaça à validade dos resultados de uma avaliação (neuro)psicológica, especialmente em contextos forenses, nos quais ganhos secundários têm elevada probabilidade de manifestação. Os Testes de Validade de Sintomas (TVS) têm como objetivo detetar a presença de tais estilos de resposta/ comportamentos, viabilizando, desse modo, interpretações mais fidedignas acerca do perfil de funcionamento psicológico real de um indivíduo. A presente investigação procurou dar continuidade ao processo de validação do Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) no contexto prisional português. Para a concretização do referido objetivo, foi administrado a uma amostra prisional de 100 reclusos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 72 anos, um protocolo de avaliação constituído pelos seguintes instrumentos: o SRSI, o Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; Smith & Burger, 1997; Widows & Smith, 2005; versão portuguesa: Simões, Almiro, Mota, et al., 2017), a Escala de Validade de Sintomas – Versão 2 (EVS-2; Simões, Almiro, Nunes, et al., 2017; Cunha, 2011) e o Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; Derogatis, 1982; versão portuguesa: Canavarro, 2007). O presente estudo de validação do SRSI recorreu ao design de simulação análogo, numa vertente intra-sujeitos. Desta forma, todos os participantes responderam ao SRSI em dois momentos contíguos: de forma honesta (condição “honesta”) e de acordo com instruções (cover story – condição de ”simulação”), elaboradas considerando recomendações da literatura científica e orientadas para maximizar a possibilidade de generalização dos dados.No que concerne aos resultados, os estudos de fiabilidade (consistência interna das pontuações no SRSI) indicam valores elevados de alfa de Cronbach para ambas as escalas, em ambas as condições. No âmbito dos estudos de validade convergente, é de referir que o SRSI contém validade com outros TVS (e.g., SIMS e EVS-2), já que os resultados evidenciaram a existência de relações positivas, elevadas e significativas entre a escala de Pseudo-sintomas do SRSI e o resultado total do SIMS e da EVS-2 (instrumentos que medem constructos teóricos semelhantes). No mesmo sentido, e de acordo com o esperado, foram encontradas correlações positivas, moderadas e/ou fortes entre a escala de Sintomas Genuínos e os índices globais do BSI (instrumento que mede a presença de psicopatologia genuína). No domínio da validade discriminante, esperavam-se correlações não significativas, reduzidas ou nulas entre a escala Pseudo-sintomas do SRSI e o BSI, uma vez que mensuram constructos não sobrepostos. Porém, os resultados sugeriram que a escala Pseudo-sintomas se revelou igualmente sensível à presença de psicopatologia, uma vez que se observaram correlações moderadas e fortes entre a mesma e os índices globais do BSI – aspeto sinalizador de ausência de validade discriminante. Por sua vez, e de acordo com o esperado, foram observadas correlações positivas reduzidas entre o total da escala Sintomas Genuínos (na condição “honesta”) e o total da escala Pseudo-sintomas (na condição “simulação”). Ainda no que concerne à validade discriminante, foi possível verificar a capacidade do SRSI, diferenciar as pontuações da condição “honesta” e da condição “simulação”, na medida em que se observaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as médias obtidas nas mesmas, sendo o tamanho de efeito correspondente grande. No mesmo sentido, o SRSI revelou ser capaz de discriminar as respostas dos participantes reclusos de participantes não-reclusos (amostra de controlo), pontuando os primeiros significativamente mais do que os segundos, nas escalas e na maioria das subescalas do SRSI.São analisadas as implicações do presente estudo em contexto prisional e apresentadas recomendações para futuras investigações.
28
Chun-RenZhang and 張淳仁. "Design Approach to Synthesize, Validate, and Evaluate Operating Procedures Based on Timed Automata and Dynamic Simulation." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7upubw.
Анотація:
碩士國立成功大學
化學工程學系
107
Despite the fact that the modern chemical plants are becoming much more complex than they used to be, their operating procedures are still generated manually in most cases. Since this approach is clearly laborious, time-consuming and error prone, it is necessary to develop a viable approach to systematically and automatically conjecture a set of reliable control actions to perform various tasks in realistic chemical processes. With timed automata and dynamic simulation, the tasks of synthesizing, validating and evaluating operating procedures have been accomplished in this work. Specifically, the following steps are carried out: First of all, it is necessary to discretize all state variables in the given system and then build the untimed automata for modeling the basic components according to generic engineering knowledge. Secondly, the elapsed times of all possible state transfers for every processing unit can be determined with Aspen Plus Dynamics and the corresponding timed automata can then be built to model these units. Next, after identifying the critical stages of the entire operation, one can stipulate the control specifications of each stage and build the corresponding automata. All automata built above should then be integrated and synthesized into a system model. Consequently, the shortest or quickest trace in the system may be extracted with UPPAAL and every trace summarized with a sequential function chart (SFC). Finally, the SFCs should be verified with Aspen Plus Dynamics. If the simulation study confirms that all SFCs are unsafe and/or infeasible, one should modify/add/remove the control specifications and repeat the aforementioned synthesis steps. The above procedure has been applied successfully to three examples, i.e., the start-up operations of a continuous flash drum, a continuous distillation column and a continuous reactive distillation column.
29
LIU, TE-SHENG, and 劉得笙. "Taking the Advantage of Acceleration Response of a Geosynthetic Reinforced Slope to Validate the Seismic Numerical Simulation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7476b3.
Анотація:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
土木工程學系碩士班
106
The Ilan area is near the seismic zone of northeastern Taiwan, and the earthquakes are quite frequent. In order to understand the seismic behavior of the geosysthetic reinforced slope comprehensively, this study is carried out by installing seismic accelerometers at the different positions of the geosysthetic reinforced slope built in the FoGuang University. Earthquake monitoring data recorded on the site are used as validation basis for the studying dynamic responses. From the data obtained by the monitoring program, it can be recognized that the maximum acceleration of the geosynthetic reinforced slope under the action of the earthquake will be amplified with the height of the slope. The recorded seismic data will be used by the PLAXIS finite element program to simulate the seismic behavior of the geosynthetic reinforced slope. In order to understand more about the seismic wave propagation behavior inside the geosynthetic reinforced slope, this study uses the PLAXIS finite element program to perform dynamic analysis. From the results of numerical simulation, it is found that the geosynthetic reinforced slope has obvious scale-up behavior in the middle layer and the top layer. In the dynamic analysis, it often takes a lot of calculation time for numerical simulation process. In order to further understand the impact of seismic wave propagation between finite elements on geosynthetic reinforced slopes, this study tries to use different nodal elements for dynamic analysis, namely 6-node and 15-node finite elements. The 6-nodal unit effectively interprets the dynamic behavior of geosynthetic reinforced slopes with condensed computational time. In this study, we integrate the acceleration time history data of the earthquakes on the site, and convert the acceleration duration graphs monitored at different positions into acceleration response spectra. It can be seen that the same earthquake has different periodic peak changes in different position. This study analyzes the predicted results of the geosysthetic reinforced slope, and then converts the simulated earthquake acceleration duration graphs into seismic acceleration response spectrum as well. In this study, in addition to the maximum acceleration, the change of the acceleration response spectrum is studied to understand the dynamic behavior of the slope and to discuss the influence of soil parameters on the acceleration response spectrum using PLAXIS. Due to the wide variety of soil parameters affecting the results of the dynamic analysis of the FEM model, this study specifically focuses on the material damping ratio and the elastic modulus of the soil material.
30
Huang, Chia-Ling, and 黃佳玲. "Using Games and Simulations to Overcome Two Obstacles that Block the Introduction of CCPM to PM Society and Validate its Effectiveness." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39345736248086803135.
Анотація:
博士國立交通大學
工業工程與管理學系
99
Since 1997, the Critical Chain Project Management method (CCPM) has received considerable attention. Hundreds of successful CCPM cases have achieved highly reliable on-time delivery (OTD) with short project lead-time (PLT) in multi-project environments. However, two obstacles have remained, blocking the introduction of CCPM to project management (PM) society. The first has been addressed by PM practitioners, who have been less than confident that OTD and PLT can be significantly improved by simply changing the way to manage multi-projects. The second is from academia: some scholars have claimed that the ideas of CCPM are not new and are of no substantial contribution to PMBOK. In this study, we first used multi-project management games to overcome the first obstacle. A comparative study of CCPM and PERT/CPM planning methods, excluding bad human behaviors, was then conducted to overcome the second obstacle. Results show that: (1) the “mode of managing multi-projects” was the root cause, and changing the mode of managing multi-project could significantly improve OTD and PLT; (2) in terms of mean project time, CCPM is not significantly better than PERT/CPM. However, in terms of plan reliability, CCPM achieves higher than PERT and CPM. This is due to a CCPM logistical change that generates a more reasonable and reliable project plan than do the PERT/CPM methods.
31
Tatarevic, Aleksandra. "L'approche méthodologique à la validation d'une paramétrisation des aérosols et nuages en utilisant le simulateur des instruments d'Earthcare." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2288/1/M10904.pdf.
Анотація:
La validation d'un modèle atmosphérique avec les observations satellitaires est basée sur les différentes techniques de télédétection employées afin de récupérer des propriétés physiques et optiques de composantes atmosphériques, notamment des nuages et des aérosols. Il est bien connu que le « retrieval approach » introduit de grandes incohérences en raison des hypothèses diverses portant sur le problème d'inversion où la principale difficulté est l'unicité de la solution. Autrement dit, le milieu analysé peut être composé d'un certain nombre de paramètres physiques inconnus dont les combinaisons différentes mènent au même signal de radiation. En plus du problème d'unicité de la solution, il y a plusieurs problèmes mathématiques reliés à l'existence et à la stabilité de la solution ainsi qu'à la manière dont la solution est construite. Par contre, il est bien connu que les prévisions des modèles atmosphériques souffrent d'incertitudes portant sur l'approche numérique qui limite leurs applications à la simulation de phénomènes naturels. Malgré ces difficultés, certains aspects des prévisions numériques peuvent être considérées comme réalistes parce qu'elles prennent explicitement en considération les principes de la physique, dont des processus microphysiques des nuages et des aérosols. Dans ce contexte, la motivation principale de cette recherche est d'évaluer le potentiel de la validation des paramétrisations physiques des aérosols et des nuages dans les modèles climatiques par le biais des mesures satellitaires (radar et lidar) en utilisant les « simulation vers l'avant ». Dans cette étude, nous utilisons une approche qui emploie le modèle Simulateur des instruments d'EarthCARE afin de reproduire des mesures satellitaires comparables à celles du radar et du lidar. Compte tenu du manque de mesures satellitaires, la validation se base sur les mesures directes du lidar et du radar de l'expérience APEX-E3 réalisées au printemps 2003 où les fréquences et la performance des systèmes d'observation correspondent à celles qui vont être mesurées par le satellite EarthCARE. Les caractéristiques microphysiques des nuages et des aérosols ainsi que l'état de l'atmosphère sont produites par le modèle atmosphérique NARCM. Elles sont ensuite converties en données de réflectivité pour le radar et en données de rétrodiffusion pour lidar en utilisant le Simulateur des Instruments d'EarthCARE. Pour terminer, les résultats sont comparés aux mesures de radar et de lidar de l'expérience APEX-E3. Les champs d'aérosols simulés avec NARCM indiquent un accord important avec ceux qui sont observés, mais les propriétés microphysiques des nuages simulées ne sont pas compatibles avec les observations. Autrement dit, les résultats montrent un large désaccord entre la réflectivité observée et la réflectivité simulée en dépit du fait que ses étendues verticales sont relativement similaires. Le nuage simulé est plus mince, situé à plus haute altitude et les valeurs maximales de réflectivité dans le nuage sont environ 5-10 dBZ inférieures à celles du nuage observé. De plus, le coefficient de la rétrodiffusion simulé (sans eau liquide) au-dessous de la base et au-dessus du sommet du nuage est nettement plus faible par rapport au coefficient de rétrodiffusion observé. Il y a également, à ces deux niveaux une plus grande quantité d'eau glacée observée que dans le cas simulé par NARCM. Si la présence d'eau liquide est incluse dans le Simulateur des lnstruments d'EarthCARE, les valeurs simulées du coefficient de rétrodiffusion sont de plusieurs ordres de grandeurs supérieures à celles observées, ce qui suggère que les valeurs du contenu en eau liquide simulées par NARCM sont surestimées d'une manière significative par rapport à toutes les altitudes où le nuage observé est présent. En conclusion, l'analyse montre que la paramétrisation microphysique de Lohmann (Lohmann et Roeckner, 1996) ne possède pas la capacité de produire les quantités glace observées dans le cas de cirrostratus. Il est également constaté que le contenu d'eau glacé de NARCM est sous-estimé, et que le contenu d'eau liquide est surestimé. Les résultats de cette étude confirment donc que l'utilisation du « forward approach » a un grand potentiel dans la validation de la paramétrisation des aérosols et des nuages. Par contre, des nouvelles vérifications seront nécessaires pour accomplir le processus de validation. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Validation, Rétrodiffusion de lidar, Réflectivité de radar, Simulations régionales des modèles atmosphériques.
32
Almeida, Carolina Duarte de. "Estudos com design de simulação análogo em Testes de Validade de Sintomas (TVS): Uma revisão da literatura." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/94483.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoA área da avaliação da validade de sintomas tem assumido uma importância acrescida no domínio da avaliação psicológica. Em contextos forenses, a evidência dos ganhos secundários alcançáveis com a simulação ou exagero de sintomas psicopatológicos e a prevalência deste tipo de comportamentos por parte dos avaliados, constitui um problema relevante. Os Testes de Validade de Sintomas (TVS) têm como objetivo detetar a presença de comportamentos de simulação ou exagero de sintomas permitindo, aos profissionais de saúde metal, realizar interpretações mais fidedignas dos resultados obtidos através de uma avaliação psicológica, de forma a refletir o funcionamento psicológico real do sujeito.Neste âmbito, releva-se a importância das investigações na área, para que os clínicos consigam recorrer à utilização dos TVS com confiança nos seus resultados. Uma das mais comuns metodologias de investigação na simulação de sintomas é o design de simulação análogo, no qual são formados grupos de controlo e de simulação instruída, para estudar a identificação e controlo dos instrumentos ao comportamento referido. No entanto, esta metodologia encontra-se muito associada a críticas relativas à sua fraca validade externa, devido às diferenças existentes entre as condições experimentais e as condições da vida real, nas quais esses comportamentos podem estar presentes. Neste sentido, acresce a importância de serem respeitados certos padrões de construção metodológica nas investigações realizadas, de forma a que as conclusões retiradas sejam generalizadas com confiança. Assim, na presente dissertação, é realizada uma revisão dos estudos existentes com recurso ao design de simulação análogo, com destaque para os contextos forenses (criminal e médico-legal). Considerando o número reduzido de investigações encontradas nestes contextos, são, adicionalmente, apresentados estudos em contextos comunitários. As conclusões retiradas indicam que são, ainda, cometidos diversos erros associados ao desenvolvimento das instruções de simulação, o que coloca em risco a fiabilidade com que são interpretados os comportamentos de simulação reproduzidos pelos “simuladores experimentais”. São feitas recomendações de natureza metodológica orientadas para assegurar um maior grau de representatividade e generalização dos resultados obtidos neste design de simulação análogo para os contextos reais.
Symptom validity assessment is an area becoming increasingly important in the field of psychological assessment. In forensic contexts, the presence of evident secondary gains achievable with malingering or symptom overreporting on the part of the evaluated, and the prevalence of this kind of performance, constitutes a relevant problem. Symptom Validity Tests (SVT) aim to detect the presence of malingered symptomatology, allowing mental health professionals to produce more reliable interpretations of the results obtained through a psychological assessment, in order to reflect the subject’s real psychological functioning.Therefore, the attainment of investigations in the area is highlighted, to help clinicians to resort to the use SVT with confidence in their results. One of the most common investigation methodologies to evaluate the identification and control of malingering by the SVT, is the analogue simulation design, according to which participants are allocated to control or simulation conditions. Nevertheless, this methodology is closely associated with criticisms regarding its weak external validity, due to the differences between the experimental and real-life conditions. Thus, investigators should respect certain methodological standards, so that the conclusions drawn from the investigations are generalized with confidence.In the present dissertation, a review of the existing studies using analogue simulation design is carried out. Emphasis is placed on forensic (criminal and medico-legal) contexts, with addition of community contexts, due to the reduced number of investigations in the first ones. The conclusions drawn indicate several errors associated with the development of simulation instructions, which lays risk in the reliability with which the simulation behaviours reproduced by experimental simulators are interpreted. Methodological recommendations oriented to ensure a higher degree of representativeness and generalization of the results obtained in this analog simulation design are made.
33
"Use of Machine Learning Algorithms to Propose a New Methodology to Conduct, Critique and Validate Urban Scale Building Energy Modeling." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.45561.
Анотація:
abstract: City administrators and real-estate developers have been setting up rather aggressive energy efficiency targets. This, in turn, has led the building science research groups across the globe to focus on urban scale building performance studies and level of abstraction associated with the simulations of the same. The increasing maturity of the stakeholders towards energy efficiency and creating comfortable working environment has led researchers to develop methodologies and tools for addressing the policy driven interventions whether it’s urban level energy systems, buildings’ operational optimization or retrofit guidelines. Typically, these large-scale simulations are carried out by grouping buildings based on their design similarities i.e. standardization of the buildings. Such an approach does not necessarily lead to potential working inputs which can make decision-making effective. To address this, a novel approach is proposed in the present study.
The principle objective of this study is to propose, to define and evaluate the methodology to utilize machine learning algorithms in defining representative building archetypes for the Stock-level Building Energy Modeling (SBEM) which are based on operational parameter database. The study uses “Phoenix- climate” based CBECS-2012 survey microdata for analysis and validation.
Using the database, parameter correlations are studied to understand the relation between input parameters and the energy performance. Contrary to precedence, the study establishes that the energy performance is better explained by the non-linear models.
The non-linear behavior is explained by advanced learning algorithms. Based on these algorithms, the buildings at study are grouped into meaningful clusters. The cluster “mediod” (statistically the centroid, meaning building that can be represented as the centroid of the cluster) are established statistically to identify the level of abstraction that is acceptable for the whole building energy simulations and post that the retrofit decision-making. Further, the methodology is validated by conducting Monte-Carlo simulations on 13 key input simulation parameters. The sensitivity analysis of these 13 parameters is utilized to identify the optimum retrofits.
From the sample analysis, the envelope parameters are found to be more sensitive towards the EUI of the building and thus retrofit packages should also be directed to maximize the energy usage reduction.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Architecture 2017
34
Domingues, Margarida Vasconcelos. "Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI): Validação através de um estudo de simulação análogo." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86698.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoMalingering of symptoms is a very important research problem in forensic neuropsychological evaluation. In this context, examining the credibility of the subjects' reports led to the development of SVTs (Symptom Validity Tests), tests focused on the detection of the simulation and exaggeration of symptoms. The methodology associated with the analog simulation model is widely used in the internal validation of instruments.The current research focuses on the adaptation and validation of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) to European Portuguese using the analog simulation model. The SRSI is a self-reported symptom instrument that has two main scales of Genuine Symptoms and Pseudosymptoms where several clinical subscales are integrated. For this study, the SRSI was administered twice to a sample of 70 undergraduate students, a first time where they were instructed to respond honestly and second time where they were instructured to simulate symptoms according to a given scenario. This sample also answered to the SIMS (Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology) instrument used as an external criterion for comparison and validation of the SRSI.The results obtained in the “honest” and in the “malingering” condition for the SRSI subscales and scales revealed Cronbach alphas ranging from "unacceptable" to "very good", with no present difference between the two conditions. The results demonstrated an evident increase in the report of symptoms between the “honest” condition and the “malingering” condition. Significant moderate and strong correlations were found between the subscales of Genuine Symptoms and Pseudosymptoms of the SRSI “honest” condition with the SIMS scales, as well as very strong correlations between the totals of Genuine Symptoms and Pseudosymptoms and the total score in the SIMS.In general, the results support the use of SRSI as a complementary tool to other SVTs, but they also emphasize the need for further studies integrating different samples and different research methods (e.g. subjects with real disorders and formal diagnosis).
A credibilidade dos relatos dos sujeitos e a simulação e/ou exagero de sintomas constituem problemas importantes da avaliação e da investigação neuropsicológica forense. Os Testes de Validade de Sintomas (TVS) são um tipo de instrumentos especificamente desenvolvido para a avaliação da simulação e/ou exagero de sintomas psicopatológicos. Neste contexto, o design de simulação análogo (analog simulation design) constitui uma metodologia muito utilizada na validação interna destes instrumentos.A presente investigação centra-se na validação do Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) para o português europeu através do modelo de simulação análogo. O SRSI é um instrumento de autorrelato de sintomas (TVS) que conta com duas escalas principais (Sintomas Genuínos e de Pseudo-Sintomas) que integram várias subescalas clínicas. Neste estudo foi utilizada uma amostra de 70 estudantes universitários a quem foi administrado o SRSI duas vezes. Na primeira aplicação, os sujeitos foram instruídos a responder de forma honesta. Na segunda administração os sujeitos foram convidados a responder de forma simulada de acordo com um cenário previamente fornecido (Cenário “Ansiedade” ou Cenário “Dores”). A referida amostra respondeu ainda ao SIMS (Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology), um outro TVS já validado para a população portuguesa, aqui utilizado como critério externo de comparação e validação das pontuações no SRSI.Os resultados da consistência interna obtidos na condição “honesta” e na condição “simulação” para as subescalas e escalas do SRSI variam entre “inaceitáveis” e “muito bons” não se observando muitas diferenças entre as duas condições. De acordo com o esperado, os resultados demonstraram um incremento evidente na comunicação do número de sintomas da condição “honesta” para a condição “simulação”. Foram observadas correlações significativas moderadas e fortes entre as subescalas de Sintomas Genuínos e de Pseudo-Sintomas do SRSI condição “honesta” com as escalas do SIMS, e também correlações muito fortes entre os totais de Sintomas Genuínos e de Pseudo-Sintomas e a pontuação total no SIMS.Os resultados apoiam a utilização do SRSI como instrumento potencialmente útil a incluir nos protocolos de avaliação neuropsicológica forense, num registo complementar a outros TVS, mas sublinham igualmente a necessidade de novos estudos que integrem diferentes amostras e diferentes métodos de investigação (e.g., sujeitos com perturbações reais objeto de diagnóstico formal, examinados em contextos clínicos e forenses).
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Rei, Walter. "Accélération de méthodes de résolution classiques par l'utilisation de stratégies de séparation locale comme outil d'hybridation." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17858.
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Pinheiro, Débora Alexandra Silva. "Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI): Estudo de validação em uma amostra de reclusos." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86471.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoA avaliação da simulação e exagero de sintomas é uma tarefa básica em avaliação (neuro)psicológica especialmente em contextos forenses nos quais o ganho secundário pode estar presente. A utilização de Testes de Validade de Sintomas (TVS) constitui uma metodologia recente e promissora para este mesmo fim.Este estudo consiste na validação do Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) para a população portuguesa em contexto forense. O SRSI é um novo instrumento destinado a avaliar a credibilidade dos sintomas relatados, constuituido não só por sintomas raros ou atípicos (Pseudo-sintomas), mas também por Sintomas Genuínos. Para tal foi recolhida uma amostra prisional de 85 sujeitos com idades compreendidas entre os 22 e os 65 anos. Para este estudo, o protocolo de avaliação incluiu para além do SRSI o Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; Smith & Burger, 1997; Widows & Smith, 2005; versão portuguesa Simões, et al., 2017) e testes de avaliação de psicopatologias específicas como Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II; Beck, Steer & Clark, 1996; versão portuguesa validada por Oliveira-Brochado, Simões, & Paúl, 2014); Inventário de Ansiedade Estado-Traço (STAI Forma Y; Spielberger et al., 1983; validado para a população portuguesa por Silva, 2003) e o Inventário Resumido da Dor (BPI; Ferreira-Valente, Pais-Ribeiro & Jensen, 2009), com os quais foram realizados estudos de validade. Os resultados evidenciaram a existência de relações positivas e significativas entre a Escala de Pseusosintomas do SRSI e o resultado total do SIMS, instrumentos que avaliam genericamente os mesmos constructos (simulação, exagero de sintomas, respostas enviesadas negativas). O mesmo se verifica na análise das correlações entre os resultados totais dos restantes instrumentos incluídos no protocolo e a Escala e subescalas de Sintomas Genuínos do SRSI. No entanto, verificou-se que um outro estilo de resposta (a desejabilidade social) não influenciava os resultados nas Escalas e subescalas do SRSI.Explorámos ainda a existência de efeito de diversas variáveis criminais e sociodemográficas nos resultados do SRSI. Apenas foi identificado impacto significativo da variável “toma da medicação” no resultado da Escala de Pseudo-sintomas do SRSI, as restantes variáveis não apresentaram influências significativas nos resultados. Relativamente à fiabilidade, os resultados de consistência interna obtidos para o SRSI foram promissores tanto para a Escala de Sintomas Genuínos (α=.802) como para a Escala de Pseudo-sintomas (α=.806).São analisadas as implicações do presente estudo em contexto prisional e apresentadas recomendações para futuros estudos.
The evaluation of the simulation and exaggeration of symptoms is a basic task in (neuro)psychological evaluation especially in forensic contexts in which the secondary gain may be present. The use of Symptom Validity Testing (TVS) is a recent and promising methodology for this purpose.This study consists of the validation of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; Merten et al., 2016) for the Portuguese population in a forensic context. The SRSI is a new instrument to evaluate the credibility of the symptoms reported, not only for rare or atypical symptoms (Pseudo-sintomas), but also for Genuine Symptoms. For this purpose, a prison sample of 85 subjects between the ages of 22 and 65 was collected. For this study, the evaluation protocol included in addition to SRSI the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; Smith & Burger, 1997; Widows & Smith, 2005; Portuguese version Simões, et al., 2017) and evaluation tests of specific psychopathologies such as Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II; Beck, Steer & Clark, 1996; Portuguese version validated by Oliveira-Brochado, Simões, & Paúl, 2014); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Forma Y, Spielberger et al., 1983, validated for the Portuguese population by Silva, 2003) and the Brief Inventory of Pain (BPI; Ferreira-Valente, Pais-Ribeiro & Jensen, 2009), with which validity studies were carried out. The results evidenced the existence of positive and significant relationships between the SRSI Pseusesintomas Scale and the total SIMS result, instruments that generally evaluate the same constructs (simulation, exaggeration of symptoms, negative bias responses). The same is true in the analysis of the correlations between the total results of the other instruments included in the protocol and the SCSI Scale and subscales of Genuine Symptoms. However, it was found that another style of response (social desirability) did not influence the results in SRSI scales and subscales.We also investigated the existence of an effect of several criminal and sociodemographic variables on SRSI results. Only a significant impact of the variable "medication intake" on the SRSI Pseudosymptomatic Scale result was found, the remaining variables did not present significant influence on the results.Regarding reliability, the internal consistency results obtained for SRSI were promising for both the Genuine Symptom Scale (α = .802) and the Pseudosymptomatic Scale (α = .806).The implications of the present study in a prison context are analyzed and recommendations for future studies are presented.