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Статті в журналах з теми "Short-term memory"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 11 березня 2023

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1

Gantner, Benjamin N., and Harinder Singh. "Short-term memory." Nature 447, no. 7147 (June 2007): 916–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/447916a.

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2

Visscher, Kristina M., Elina Kaplan, Michael J. Kahana, and Robert Sekuler. "Auditory Short-Term Memory Behaves Like Visual Short-Term Memory." PLoS Biology 5, no. 3 (February 20, 2007): e56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050056.

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3

Swanson, H. Lee. "Short-Term Memory and Working Memory." Journal of Learning Disabilities 27, no. 1 (January 1994): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002221949402700107.

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4

Luck, Steven. "Visual short term memory." Scholarpedia 2, no. 6 (2007): 3328. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3328.

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5

Potter, Mary. "Conceptual short term memory." Scholarpedia 5, no. 2 (2010): 3334. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3334.

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6

Hochreiter, Sepp, and Jürgen Schmidhuber. "Long Short-Term Memory." Neural Computation 9, no. 8 (November 1, 1997): 1735–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735.

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Анотація:

Learning to store information over extended time intervals by recurrent backpropagation takes a very long time, mostly because of insufficient, decaying error backflow. We briefly review Hochreiter's (1991) analysis of this problem, then address it by introducing a novel, efficient, gradient based method called long short-term memory (LSTM). Truncating the gradient where this does not do harm, LSTM can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 discrete-time steps by enforcing constant error flow through constant error carousels within special units. Multiplicative gate units learn to open and close access to the constant error flow. LSTM is local in space and time; its computational complexity per time step and weight is O. 1. Our experiments with artificial data involve local, distributed, real-valued, and noisy pattern representations. In comparisons with real-time recurrent learning, back propagation through time, recurrent cascade correlation, Elman nets, and neural sequence chunking, LSTM leads to many more successful runs, and learns much faster. LSTM also solves complex, artificial long-time-lag tasks that have never been solved by previous recurrent network algorithms.

7

Schweickert, Richard. "Short-Term Memory; Long-Term Goals." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 32, no. 11 (November 1987): 940–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/026488.

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8

Kail, Robert, and Lynda K. Hall. "Distinguishing short-term memory from working memory." Memory & Cognition 29, no. 1 (January 2001): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03195735.

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9

Norris, Dennis. "Short-term memory and long-term memory are still different." Psychological Bulletin 143, no. 9 (September 2017): 992–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000108.

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10

Potter, Mary C. "Very short-term conceptual memory." Memory & Cognition 21, no. 2 (March 1993): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03202727.

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11

Chapanis, Alphonse, and John V. Moulden. "Short-Term Memory for Numbers." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 32, no. 2 (April 1990): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089003200201.

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12

Thompson, P., R. Stone, and E. Walton. "Short-Term Memory for Speed." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l0808.

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We have measured the retention of information about stimulus speed in visual short-term memory by measuring speed discrimination in a two-interval forced-choice task. We have also measured such discrimination in conditions where a ‘memory masker’ is presented during the interstimulus interval (ISI) in a fashion analogous to the experiment of Magnussen et al (1991 Vision Research31 1213 – 1219). Magnussen et al found that spatial frequency discrimination was disrupted when the mask had a spatial frequency that differed from the test spatial frequency by an octave or more. We have investigated the speed discrimination of 8 Hz, 1 cycle deg−1 drifting sine-wave gratings with the following drifting masks presented in the ISI: (i) 8 Hz 1 cycle deg−1, same direction as the test; (ii) 8 Hz, 8 cycles deg−1, opposite direction to the test; (iii) 8 Hz, 8 cycles deg−1, same direction as the test; (iv) 24 Hz, 3 cycles deg−1, same direction as the test. These masks were chosen to investigate whether the temporal frequency, the spatial frequency, the speed, or the direction of motion of the mask affected retention. We found that in none of these conditions was the discrimination of the test gratings impaired significantly. This pattern of results is therefore different from that found with spatial frequency discrimination and suggests that, whatever mechanism is responsible for the retention of information about speed, it is different from that responsible for the retention of information about spatial frequency.

13

Fiore, Felicia, Cesare Cornoldi, Rossana De Beni, Valentina D'Urso, Dag-Erik Eilertsen, and Svein Magnussen. "Short-term memory for flavour." Journal of Cognitive Psychology 24, no. 2 (March 2012): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2011.598854.

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14

Miles, Christopher. "Tactile Short-term Memory Revisited." Memory 4, no. 6 (November 1996): 655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/741940995.

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15

Argyriou, Anastasia, Helmut Prast, and Athineos Philippu. "Melatonin facilitates short-term memory." European Journal of Pharmacology 349, no. 2-3 (May 1998): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00300-8.

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16

Izquierdo, I. "SHORT- AND LONG-TERM MEMORY." Behavioural Pharmacology 9, no. 1 (August 1998): S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008877-199808000-00094.

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17

Izquierdo, I. "SHORT- AND LONG-TERM MEMORY." Behavioural Pharmacology 9, Supplement (August 1998): S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008877-199808001-00094.

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18

Izquierdo, I. "SHORT- AND LONG-TERM MEMORY." Behavioural Pharmacology 9, no. 1 (August 1998): S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008877-199812001-00094.

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19

Minton, Kirsty. "Short- and long-term memory." Nature Reviews Immunology 11, no. 3 (February 25, 2011): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri2951.

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20

Jones, Gary, Lucy V. Justice, Francesco Cabiddu, Bethany J. Lee, Lai-Sang Iao, Natalie Harrison, and Bill Macken. "Does short-term memory develop?" Cognition 198 (May 2020): 104200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104200.

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21

Tsutsui, Yuji, Kayo Nishizawa, and Saori Fukushi. "In the rat, auditory short-term memory is better than visual short-term memory." Neuroscience Research 58 (January 2007): S226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.497.

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22

Majerus, Steve, and Arnaud D’Argembeau. "Verbal short-term memory reflects the organization of long-term memory: Further evidence from short-term memory for emotional words." Journal of Memory and Language 64, no. 2 (February 2011): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.10.003.

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23

Xiang Xu, Xiang Xu, 李儀 Xiang Xu, and Yi-Fan Wang Yi Li. "Particle Swarm Optimization with Long and Short Term Memory in Feature Selection." 電腦學刊 33, no. 5 (October 2022): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992022103305011.

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Анотація:

<p>Taking each iteration of Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm as a time node, the change of population in PSO algorithm can be regarded as a time series model. Particle population learns and evolves in multiple time nodes, which can be regarded as a dependent behavior on leader particles. In the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm, this dependence behavior is independent of time, and its consideration standard is only the fitness value of particles. We deeply study the leadership mechanism of PSO algorithm in order to find a more robust leadership mechanism and improve the ability of PSO algorithm to explore the solution space, by extending the dependence behavior in the time dimension, we propose an improved PSO algorithm with long-term and short-term memory ability. In order to verify its performance, in the experimental part, we select 32 public data sets in UCI data to find the optimal feature subset. In a large number of feature selection experiments. The experimental results proofed that the performance of proposed algorithms is better than some state of the art algorithms. </p> <p> </p>

24

Coane, Jennifer H., Dawn M. McBride, Bascom A. Raulerson III, and J. Scott Jordan. "False Memory in a Short-Term Memory Task." Experimental Psychology 54, no. 1 (January 2007): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.54.1.62.

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The Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM; Roediger & McDermott, 1995 ) paradigm reliably elicits false memories for critical nonpresented words in recognition tasks. The present studies used a Sternberg (1966) task with DRM lists to determine whether false memories occur in short-term memory tasks and to assess the contribution of latency data in the measurement of false memories. Subjects studied three, five, or seven items from DRM lists and responded to a single probe (studied or nonstudied). In both experiments, critical lures were falsely recognized more often than nonpresented weak associates. Latency data indicated that correct rejections of critical lures were slower than correct rejections of weakly related items at all set sizes. False alarms to critical lures were slower than hits to list items. Latency data can distinguish veridical and false memories in a short-term memory task. Results are discussed in terms of activation-monitoring models of false memory.

25

Swanson, H. Lee, Xinhua Zheng, and Olga Jerman. "Working Memory, Short-Term Memory, and Reading Disabilities." Journal of Learning Disabilities 42, no. 3 (March 2, 2009): 260–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219409331958.

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26

Gozzi, Marta, and Costanza Papagno. "Is short-term memory involved in decision making? Evidence from a short-term memory patient." Journal of Neuropsychology 1, no. 1 (March 2007): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/174866407x180855.

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27

Wong, C. W. "Two circuits to convert short-term memory into long-term memory." Medical Hypotheses 49, no. 5 (November 1997): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9877(97)90082-7.

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28

Stuart, George, and Charles Hulme. "The effects of word co-occurance on short-term memory: Associative links in long-term memory affect short-term memory performance." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 26, no. 3 (2000): 796–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.3.796.

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29

Stevanovski, Biljana, and Pierre Jolicœur. "Visual short-term memory: Central capacity limitations in short-term consolidation." Visual Cognition 15, no. 5 (July 2007): 532–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13506280600871917.

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30

Nittono, Hiroshi. "Personality Needs and Short-Term Memory." Psychological Reports 81, no. 1 (August 1997): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.19.

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This study examined a possible relationship between personality needs and short-term memory. 102 Japanese college students were administered a Japanese version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and performed 3 verbal short-term memory tests. No reliable correlations were found between memory performance and the scores on the 15 scales of Edwards' schedule. In contrast, course examination scores in introductory psychology were statistically significantly correlated with some scale scores. These results suggested that motivational personality traits would not be related to short-term memory performance, although they were associated with academic achievement.

31

Oh, Youngkyo, and Dongyoung Koo. "Evaluation of Korean Reviews Automatically Generated using Long Short-Term Memory Unit." Journal of KIISE 46, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5626/jok.2019.46.6.515.

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32

Crowder, Robert G., Giuseppe Vallar, and Tim Shallice. "Neuropsychological Impairments of Short-Term Memory." American Journal of Psychology 105, no. 1 (1992): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1422988.

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33

Cowan, Nelson. "Activation, attention, and short-term memory." Memory & Cognition 21, no. 2 (March 1993): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03202728.

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34

Shiffrin, Richard M. "Short-term memory: A brief commentary." Memory & Cognition 21, no. 2 (March 1993): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03202732.

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35

Norris, Dennis G., Jane Hall, and Susan E. Gathercole. "Can short-term memory be trained?" Memory & Cognition 47, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1012–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00901-z.

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36

Isnec, M. R., P. A. Couvillon, and M. E. Bitterman. "Short-term spatial memory in honeybees." Animal Learning & Behavior 25, no. 2 (June 1997): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03199054.

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37

Helland, Turid. "Dyslexia, laterality and short term memory." Scandinavian Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 20, no. 4 (January 1995): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439509098743.

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38

Postle, Bradley R. "Context in verbal short-term memory." Memory & Cognition 31, no. 8 (December 2003): 1198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03195803.

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39

Killeen, Peter R. "Writing and overwriting short-term memory." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 8, no. 1 (March 2001): 18–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03196137.

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40

Siddle, David A. T., and Biza Stenfert Kroese. "Orienting, Habituation, and Short-Term Memory." Psychophysiology 22, no. 5 (September 1985): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1985.tb01647.x.

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41

Reyes, Gabriel, and Jérôme Sackur. "Introspection during short-term memory scanning." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 10 (January 1, 2018): 2088–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021817738951.

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Анотація:

The literature in metacognition has argued for many years that introspective access to our own mental content is restricted to the cognitive states associated with the response to a task, such as the level of confidence in a decision or the estimation of the response time; however, the cognitive processes that underlie such states were deemed inaccessible to participants’ consciousness. Here, we ask whether participants could introspectively distinguish the cognitive processes that underlie two short-term memory tasks. For this purpose, we asked participants, on a trial-by-trial basis, to report the number of items that they mentally scanned during their short-term memory retrieval, which we have named “subjective number of scanned items.” The subjective number of scanned items index was evaluated, in Experiment 1, immediately after a judgment of recency task and, in Experiment 2, after an item recognition task. Finally, in Experiment 3, both tasks were randomly mixed. The results showed that participants’ introspection successfully accessed the complexity of the decisional processes.

42

Cowan, Nelson. "Mechanisms of Verbal Short-Term Memory." Current Directions in Psychological Science 3, no. 6 (December 1994): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770705.

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43

Gathercole, Susan E., Clive R. Frankish, Susan J. Pickering, and Sarah Peaker. "Phonotactic influences on short-term memory." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 25, no. 1 (1999): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.84.

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44

Jiang, Yuhong, Ingrid R. Olson, and Marvin M. Chun. "Organization of visual short-term memory." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 26, no. 3 (2000): 683–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.3.683.

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45

Norris, Dennis, Michael Page, and Alan Baddeley. "Connectionist modelling of short-term memory." Language and Cognitive Processes 10, no. 3-4 (August 1995): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690969508407108.

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46

Kollias, Christina M., and Stephen R. Jennings. "Short‐term viral exposure and memory." Immunology & Cell Biology 89, no. 1 (July 6, 2010): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/icb.2010.86.

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47

Knight, Raymond A., David S. Elliott, and Eric G. Freedman. "Short-term visual memory in schizophrenics." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 94, no. 4 (1985): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.94.4.427.

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48

Wheeler, Mary E., and Anne M. Treisman. "Binding in short-term visual memory." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 131, no. 1 (2002): 48–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.1.48.

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49

Najjar, D., E. Vul, and G. Alvarez. "Information limits visual short term memory." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (March 29, 2010): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.698.

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50

Rensink, R. A. "Grouping in visual short-term memory." Journal of Vision 1, no. 3 (March 14, 2010): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/1.3.126.

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