Готові списки джерел за темами / SHANNON ENTROPHY

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Khumaidi, Ali. "Simulasi Entropi Shannon, Entropi Renyi, dan informasi pada kasus Spin Wheel." AKSIOMA : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 12, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/aks.v12i1.6893.

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Entropi adalah besaran yang mengukur ketidakpastian variabel acak, dan ini adalah besaran yang merupakan kunci dalam konsep teori informasi. Entropi adalah ukuran ketidakpastian. Konsep entropi dimulai dengan terminologi yang disebut konten informasi. Shannon Entropy sering dinyatakan sebagai asal mula ukuran informasi yang digunakan dalam beberapa aplikasi. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan balanced dan unbalanced spin whell dengan nilai q = 1,000001 diperoleh entropi Shannon, Renyi dan informasi pada balanced spin wheels masing-masing 2.079442, 2.079442, 2.079439 dan pada unbalanced spin wheels masing-masing juga 1.936798, 1.936798, 1.936796 jadi nilainya dari entropi dan informasi akan cenderung shanon entropi ketika q → 1.

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Weilenmann, Mirjam, and Roger Colbeck. "Non-Shannon inequalities in the entropy vector approach to causal structures." Quantum 2 (March 14, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2018-03-14-57.

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A causal structure is a relationship between observed variables that in general restricts the possible correlations between them. This relationship can be mediated by unobserved systems, modelled by random variables in the classical case or joint quantum systems in the quantum case. One way to differentiate between the correlations realisable by two different causal structures is to use entropy vectors, i.e., vectors whose components correspond to the entropies of each subset of the observed variables. To date, the starting point for deriving entropic constraints within causal structures are the so-called Shannon inequalities (positivity of entropy, conditional entropy and conditional mutual information). In the present work we investigate what happens when non-Shannon entropic inequalities are included as well. We show that in general these lead to tighter outer approximations of the set of realisable entropy vectors and hence enable a sharper distinction of different causal structures. Since non-Shannon inequalities can only be applied amongst classical variables, it might be expected that their use enables an entropic distinction between classical and quantum causal structures. However, this remains an open question. We also introduce techniques for deriving inner approximations to the allowed sets of entropy vectors for a given causal structure. These are useful for proving tightness of outer approximations or for finding interesting regions of entropy space. We illustrate these techniques in several scenarios, including the triangle causal structure.

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MATSUMOTO, Takanori. "The pattern of Shannon entropy distribution in the Sea of Okhotsk." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 18, Supplement1 (1998): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.18.supplement1_93.

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ABDEL-ATY, MAHMOUD, ISSA A. AL-KHAYAT, and SHOUKRY S. HASSAN. "SHANNON INFORMATION AND ENTROPY SQUEEZING OF A SINGLE-MODE CAVITY QED OF A RAMAN INTERACTION." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 05 (October 2006): 807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021974990600216x.

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Entropy squeezing is examined in the framework of Shannon information entropy for a degenerate Raman process involving two degenerate Rydberg energy levels of an atom interacting with a single-mode cavity field. Quantum squeezing in entropy is exhibited via the entropic uncertainty relation.

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Baccetti, Valentina, and Matt Visser. "Infinite Shannon entropy." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2013, no. 04 (April 2, 2013): P04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2013/04/p04010.

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Truffet, L. "Shannon Entropy Reinterpreted." Reports on Mathematical Physics 81, no. 3 (June 2018): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4877(18)30050-8.

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Sarswat, Shruti, Aiswarya R, and Jobin Jose. "Shannon entropy of resonant scattered state in the e–C₆₀ elastic collision." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 55, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 055003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ac5719.

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Abstract Resonance is a remarkable feature in elastic scattering and the resonant states of e–C60 scattering are benchmarked using Shannon entropy in the present work. The resonant wavefunction, total cross-section, partial cross-sections, and scattering phase shifts are calculated for the e–C60 scattering to review the localization properties owing to resonance. Three different model interaction potentials are used in the paper to simulate the environment of the C60 shell; annular square well, Gaussian annular square well, and Lorentzian potential. This paper aims to establish a relationship between the Shannon entropy and resonant properties linked with e + C60 scattering. This work introduces the Shannon entropy as an indicator of resonance in elastic scattering and it unveils the susceptibility of entropic properties to the nature of the model potential.

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Bonidia, Robson P., Anderson P. Avila Santos, Breno L. S. de Almeida, Peter F. Stadler, Ulisses Nunes da Rocha, Danilo S. Sanches, and André C. P. L. F. de Carvalho. "Information Theory for Biological Sequence Classification: A Novel Feature Extraction Technique Based on Tsallis Entropy." Entropy 24, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101398.

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In recent years, there has been an exponential growth in sequencing projects due to accelerated technological advances, leading to a significant increase in the amount of data and resulting in new challenges for biological sequence analysis. Consequently, the use of techniques capable of analyzing large amounts of data has been explored, such as machine learning (ML) algorithms. ML algorithms are being used to analyze and classify biological sequences, despite the intrinsic difficulty in extracting and finding representative biological sequence methods suitable for them. Thereby, extracting numerical features to represent sequences makes it statistically feasible to use universal concepts from Information Theory, such as Tsallis and Shannon entropy. In this study, we propose a novel Tsallis entropy-based feature extractor to provide useful information to classify biological sequences. To assess its relevance, we prepared five case studies: (1) an analysis of the entropic index q; (2) performance testing of the best entropic indices on new datasets; (3) a comparison made with Shannon entropy and (4) generalized entropies; (5) an investigation of the Tsallis entropy in the context of dimensionality reduction. As a result, our proposal proved to be effective, being superior to Shannon entropy and robust in terms of generalization, and also potentially representative for collecting information in fewer dimensions compared with methods such as Singular Value Decomposition and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection.

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González, Gabriel, and Daniel Salgado-Blanco. "Shannon information entropy for a one-dimensional ionic crystal." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 07 (November 22, 2019): 2050032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320500327.

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In this work, we present the information theoretic lengths given by Shannon and Fisher for the lowest-lying stationary state of a one-dimensional ionic crystal modeled by [Formula: see text] equally spaced attractive and repulsive Dirac delta potentials. The entropic uncertainty relations related to position and momentum spaces are studied as a function of the number of ions and the distance between them. Our results show that the stability of the ionic crystal depends on the number of ions and distance between them. In particular, we show that the position Shannon entropy is always positive and increases as the lattice constant between ions grows, in contrast with the momentum Shannon entropy which decreases and becomes negative beyond a particular lattice constant value.

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HALDAR, SUDIP KUMAR, and BARNALI CHAKRABARTI. "DYNAMICAL FEATURES OF SHANNON INFORMATION ENTROPY OF BOSONIC CLOUD IN A TIGHT TRAP." International Journal of Modern Physics B 27, no. 13 (May 15, 2013): 1350048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979213500483.

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We calculate Shannon information entropy of trapped interacting bosons in both the position and momentum spaces, Sr and Sk, respectively. The total entropy maintains the functional form S = a + b ln N for repulsive bosons. At the noninteracting limit the lower bound of entropic uncertainty relation is also satisfied whereas the diverging behavior of Sr and Sk at the critical point of collapse for attractive condensate accurately calculates the stability factor. Next we study the dynamics of Shannon information entropy with varying interparticle potential. We numerically solve the time-dependent Gross–Pitaevskii equation and study the influence of increasing nonlinearity in the dynamics of entropy uncertainty relation (EUR). We observe that for small nonlinearity the dynamics is regular. With increase in nonlinearity although Shannon entropy shows large variation in amplitude of the oscillation, the EUR is maintained throughout time for all cases and it confirms its generality. We also study the dynamics in a very tight trap when the condensate becomes highly correlated and strongly inhomogeneous. Time evolution of total entropy exhibits aperiodic and fluctuating nature in very tight trap. We also calculate Landsberg's order parameter for various interaction strengths which supports earlier observation that entropy and order are decoupled.

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Дисертації з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Pougaza, Doriano-Boris. "Utilisation de la notion de copule en tomographie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684637.

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Cette thèse porte sur le lien entre la tomographie et la notion de copule. La tomographie à rayons X consiste à (re)construire la structure cachée d'un objet (une densité de matière, la distribution d'une quantité physique, ou une densité de loi conjointe) à partir de certaines données obtenues ou mesurées de l'objet (les projections, les radiographies, les densités marginales). Le lien entre les mesures et l'objet se modélise mathématiquement par la Transformée à Rayons X ou la Transformée de Radon. Par exemple, dans les problèmes d'imagerie en géométrie parallèle, lorsqu'on a seulement deux projections à deux angles de 0 et pi/2 (horizontale et verticale), le problème peut être identifié comme un autre problème très important en mathématique qui est la détermination d'une densité conjointe à partir de ses marginales. En se limitant à deux projections, les deux problèmes sont des problèmes mal posés au sens de Hadamard. Il faut alors ajouter de l'information a priori, ou bien des contraintes supplémentaires. L'apport principal de cette thèse est l'utilisation des critères de plusieurs entropies (Rényi, Tsallis, Burg, Shannon) permettant d'aboutir à une solution régularisée. Ce travail couvre alors différents domaines. Les aspects mathématiques de la tomographie via l'élément fondamental qui est la transformée de Radon. En probabilité sur la recherche d'une loi conjointe connaissant ses lois marginales d'où la notion de ''copule'' via le théorème de Sklar. Avec seulement deux projections, ce problème est extrêmement difficile. Mais en assimilant les deux projections (normalisées) aux densités marginales et l'image à reconstruire à une densité de probabilité, le lien se fait et les deux problèmes sont équivalents et peuvent se transposer dans le cadre statistique. Pour caractériser toutes les images possibles à reconstruire on a choisi alors l'outil de la théorie de probabilité, c'est-à-dire les copules. Et pour faire notre choix parmi les copules ou les images nous avons imposé le critère d'information a priori qui se base sur différentes entropies. L'entropie est une quantité scientifique importante car elle est utilisée dans divers domaines (en Thermodynamique, en théorie de l'information, etc). Ainsi, en utilisant par exemple l'entropie de Rényi nous avons découvert de nouvelles classes de copules. Cette thèse apporte de nouvelles contributions à l'imagerie, par l'interaction entre les domaines qui sont la tomographie et la théorie des probabilités et statistiques.

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Wells, Michael John Christopher. "Curious Omosa : Does player satisfaction increase the more they learn about their game environment?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175281.

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The science of curiosity is not fully understood, yet it seems to be a key component of nature which drives both humans and animals to seek out new information. Humans actively seek out to solve problems for the sake of solving them, with evidence suggesting that the seeking and obtaining of new knowledge is itself inherently rewarding. This study uses new methods to collect data to investigate how humans react when presented with novel environments and a problem to solve. Information gain was tracked using Shannon’s entropy, a measure of how effective a communication is at communicating its message across. The study investigates if participants feelings of satisfaction will increase the more information they receive, as measured by a change in Shannon’s entropy. A total of 44 participants with complete data were recruited accross two conditions A and B, with A containing a complete knowlege graph to determine what knowledge is gained through interactions with the environment and B containing more uncertainty so that the participant can be observed building their own knowledge-graph. Participants entered a virtual enviroment named Omosa where they were told about a mystery involving the deaths of herbivores on the island. Participants were given free reign to explore and investigate for a minimum 6 minutes. In increments of 90s, participants were asked questions about what they thought was killing the herd and how confident they were of their answer. After 6 minutes final questions were presented collecting player satisfaction and trait curiosity. Additional meta-data including trajectory and interactions were also collected. No significant results were gleaned due to high drop out and incomplete data. Methodology could be altered in future renditions to increase participation and reduce drop out.
Vetenskapen om nyfikenhet förstås inte helt, men det verkar vara en nyckelkomponent i naturen som driver både människor och djur att söka ny information. Människor försöker aktivt lösa problem för att lösa dem, med bevis som tyder på att att söka och få ny kunskap i sig är givande i sig. Denna studie använder nya metoder för att samla in data för att undersöka hur människor reagerar när de presenteras för nya miljöer och ett problem att lösa. Informationsvinster spårades med hjälp av Shannons entropi, ett mått på hur effektiv en kommunikation är för att kommunicera sitt budskap. Studien undersöker om deltagarnas känslor av tillfredsställelse kommer att öka mer information de får, mätt med en förändring i Shannons entropi. Totalt rekryterades 44 deltagare med fullständig data enligt två villkor A och B, där A innehöll en fullständig kunskapsgraf för att bestämma vilken kunskap som erhålls genom interaktioner med miljön och B som innehåller mer osäkerhet så att deltagaren kan observeras bygga sin egen kunskaps grafen. Deltagarna gick in i ett virtuellt miljö med namnet Omosa där de fick höra om ett mysterium som involverade djur av växtätare på ön. Deltagarna fick fri tid att utforska och undersöka i minst 6 minuter. I steg från 90-talet ställdes deltagarna frågor om vad de trodde dödade besättningen och hur säkra de var på svaret. Efter 6 minuter presenterades de sista frågorna för att samla spelarnas nöjdhet och dragkänslighet. Ytterligare metadata inklusive bana och interaktioner samlades också in. Inga signifikanta resultat samlades in på grund av högt bortfall och ofullständig data. Metodik kan ändras i framtida versioner för att öka deltagandet och minska bortfallet.

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Silva, Danilo Antonio da [UNESP]. "Síntese e caracterização de partículas de poli(álcool vinílico) utilizadas em aplicações biomédicas: contribuição da análise fractal e entropia de Shannon." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87540.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_da_me_sjrp.pdf: 1617803 bytes, checksum: ac272edc3fa2d00a58fa6e743064acda (MD5)
Embolização e quimioembolização são exemplos de procedimentos minimamente invasivos aplicados em medicina com objetivo de evitar e/ou amenizar efeitos colaterais causados por tratamentos e intervenções cirúrgicas convencionais. Partículas de poli(álcool vinílico) (PVA) destacam-se entre os materiais utilizados nesses procedimentos por apresentarem características físico-químicas desejáveis como elevada compressibilidade, biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade. A proposta deste trabalho foi sintetizar e caracterizar microesferas de PVA/PVAc com tamanhos de partículas entre 30µm e 1200µm por reação de polimerização em suspensão seguida por uma etapa de saponificação. Além disso, estudar a influência da concentração de solução alcalina no processo de saponificação. A caracterização morfológica e estrutural foi feita com auxílio das técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e difração de raios-X (DRX). Além da caracterização físico-química, foi realizado o estudo histopatológico mediante implante subcutâneo das partículas em ratos, análise de dimensão fractal e entropia de Shannon. Os resultados mostraram que a concentração de solução alcalina exerce forte influência na cristalinidade, coloração e características superficiais do polímero obtido. As partículas com alta cristalinidade (saponificadas com solução 25 mol/L de NaOH) induziram à reação inflamatória similar ao comportamento observado para partículas disponíveis comercialmente, enquanto que as partículas menos cristalinas (saponificadas com solução 4 mol/L de NaOH) resultaram em baixa intensidade de reação inflamatória no tecido celular subcutâneo dos ratos. Dimensão fractal...
Embolization and chemoembolization are examples of minimally invasive procedures applied in medicine in order to avoid and/or reduce side effects caused by conventional treatments and surgeries. Particles of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) stand out among these materials due to desirable physical and chemical characteristics such as high compressibility, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and characterize PVA/PVAc microspheres with sizes between 30µm and 1200µm by reaction of suspension polymerization step followed by a process of saponification. Moreover, study the influence of the concentration of alkaline solution in the process of saponification. The morphological and structural characterization was made with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition to the physico-chemical characterization, it was carried the histopathological study by subcutaneous implantation of particles in rats, analysis of fractal dimension and Shannon´s entropy. The results indicated that the concentration of alkaline solution strongly influence the crystallinity, color and surface characteristics of the polymer. Highly crystalline particles (saponified with 25 mol/L NaOH) induced inflammatory reaction similar to the behavior observed for the commercial particles, while particles with lower crystallinity (saponified with 4 mol/L NaOH) presented lower inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Fractal dimension and Shannon´s entropy showed satisfactory correlation with the histopathological analysis: the values have changed as the permanence time of particles in rats, behavior was satisfactory from a clinical standpoint because it corroborates the qualitative changes observed in the subcutaneous tissues in response to disturbance of the immune... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Blažek, Petr. "Entropické modely datového provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220416.

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This thesis solves possibility of using entropy for anomaly detection in data communication and especially for security attacks. The main advantage of using entropy is ability to identify unknown attacks because entropy detects changes in network traffic but not the content as existing methods. In this work was tested the suitability of different models entropy (Shannon, Renyi, Tsallis). Also been tested the effect of Renyi and Tsallis parameter on resulting entropy. From the resulting values, I found that all tested entropy achieve good result in the identification of anomalies in network traffic.

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Livesey, Gillian Elizabeth. "Advancing egress complexity in support of rule-based evacuation modelling." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288821.

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Macedo, Diego Ximenes. "Fisher information and Shannon entropy of oscillators with position dependent mass." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=18902.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
In this work we study from both classical and quantum point of view the position dependent mass harmonic oscillator (PDMHO). Classically, we use the Legendre transformation to find the Hamiltonian of the system. Next, we define two functions, and , to simplify the hamiltonian of the PDMHO. By using the Poisson algebra we find the expressions for the position and moment. At last, by using a canonical transformation we relate the equations of the PDMHO to those of the simple harmonic oscillator (SHO). Quantically, we write the Hamiltonian of the PDMHO in terms of the operators and . Next, we consider that these operators satisfy the same algebra that those of the SHO. By assuming that both the classical and quantum PDMHO have the same form, we are able to find a simple form for the PDMHO Hamiltonian. Finally, by transforming the SchrÃdinger equation (SE) of the PDMHO into that of the SHO, we can write the wave function of the PDMHO in terms of that of the SHO. We will study two time-dependent systems, namely and , we observe that as , they tend to a simple harmonic oscillator. For each system we find the position and momentum (classical study), as well as the wave-function (quantum study). For both systems we analyze the the position e momentum uncertainty, the product uncertainty, the fisher information and Shannon entropy, for the ground state, as a function of the parameter .
Neste trabalho estudamos clÃssica e quanticamente o oscilador harmÃnico com massa dependente da posiÃÃo (OHMDP). Na parte clÃssica, utilizamos a transformaÃÃo de Legendre para encontrar a hamiltoniana do sistema. A seguir definimos duas funÃÃes e para escrevermos a hamiltoniana do OHMDP de uma forma mais simples. Utilizando a Ãlgebra de Poisson encontramos as expressÃes para a posiÃÃo e o momento. Por fim, atravÃs de uma transformaÃÃo canÃnica veremos como relacionar as equaÃÃes do OHMDP com aquelas do oscilador harmÃnico simples (OHS). Na parte quÃntica, escrevemos a hamiltoniana do OHMDP em termos de operadores e . Em seguida, vamos supor que estes operadores satisfaÃam a mesma relaÃÃo de comutaÃÃo que os operadores abaixamento e levantamento do OHS. Analisando que condiÃÃo deve ser satisfeita para que os osciladores OHMDP clÃssico e quÃntico tenham o mesmo potencial, encontramos uma forma simplificada da hamiltoniana do OHMDP. Em seguida, transformamos a equaÃÃo de SchrÃdinger (ES) para o OHMDP na ES para o OHS. Assim, obtemos a funÃÃo de onda do OHMDP em termos da funÃÃo de onda do OHS. Estudaremos dois sistemas com massa dependente da posiÃÃo, a saber: e , vemos que quando , recaÃmos no OHS. Para cada sistema encontraremos a posiÃÃo e o momento (estudo clÃssico), bem como a funÃÃo de onda (estudo quÃntico). Para os dois sistemas analisaremos tambÃm o comportamento da incerteza na posiÃÃo, incerteza no momento, produto de incerteza, informaÃÃo de Fisher e entropia de Shannon, para o estado fundamental, em funÃÃo do parÃmetro de deformaÃÃo .

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Koch, David. "Investigation and improvement of criticality calculations in MCNP5 involving Shannon entropy convergence." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53484.

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Criticality calculations are often performed in MCNP5 using the Shannon entropy as an indicator of source convergence for the given neutron transport problem. The Shannon entropy is a concept that comes from information theory. The Shannon entropy is calculated for each batch in MCNP5, and it has been shown that the Shannon entropy tends to converge to a single value as the source distribution converges. MCNP5 has its own criteria for when the Shannon entropy has converged and recommends a number for how many batches should be skipped; however, this value for how many batches should be skipped is often not very accurate and has room for improvement. This work will investigate an approach for using the Shannon entropy source distribution convergence information obtained in a shorter simulation to predict the required number of generations skipped in the reference case with desired statistical precision. In several test cases, it has been found that running a lesser number of particles per batch produces a similar Shannon entropy graph when compared to running more particles per batch. Then, by appropriate adjustment through a synthetic model, one is able to determine when the Shannon entropy will converge by running fewer particles, finding the point where it converges and then using this value to determine how many batches one should skip for a given problem. This reduces computational time and any "guessing" involved when deciding how many batches to skip. Thus, the purpose of this research is to develop a model showing how one can use this concept and produce a streamlined approach for applying this concept to a criticality problem.

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Taing, Lieng. "Approches bioinformatiques pour l'exploitation des données génomiques." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814272.

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Les technologies actuelles permettent d'explorer le génome entier pour identifier des variants génétiques associés à des phénotypes particuliers, notamment de maladies. C'est le rôle de la bioinformatique de répondre à cette problématique. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, un nouvel outil logiciel a été développé qui permet de mesurer avec une bonne précision le nombre de marqueurs génétiques effectivement indépendants correspondant à un ensemble de marqueurs génotypés dans une population donnée. Cet algorithme repose sur la mesure de l'entropie de Shannon contenue au sein de ces marqueurs, ainsi que des niveaux d'information mutuelle calculés sur les paires de SNPs choisis au sein d'une fenêtre de SNPs consécutifs, dont la taille est un paramètre du programme. Il a été montré que ce nombre de marqueurs indépendants devient constant dès que la population est homogène avec une taille suffisante (N > 60 individus) et que l'on utilise une fenêtre assez grande (taille > 100 SNPs). Ce calcul peut avoir de nombreuses applications pour l'exploitation des données.Une analyse génome-entier a été réalisée sur le photo-vieillissement. Elle a porté sur 502 femmes caucasiennes pour lesquelles un grade de photo-vieillissement a été évalué selon une technologie bien établie. Les femmes ont été génotypées sur des puces Illumina OmniOne (1M SNPs), et deux gènes ont été identifiés (STXBP5L et FBX040) associés à un SNP passant le seuil de Bonferroni, dont l'implication dans le photo-vieillissement était jusqu'alors inconnue. De plus, cette association a aussi été retrouvé dans deux autres phénotypes suggérant un mécanisme moléculaire commun possible entre le relâchement cutané et les rides. On n'observe pas de réplication au niveau du critère lentigines, la troisième composante étudiée du photo-vieillissement.Ces travaux sont en cours de publication dans des revues scientifiques internationales à comité de lecture.

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Tánchez, Luis Eduardo Ortiz. "Entropies and predictability of variability indices of the tropical Pacific." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15055.

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Die folgende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Vorhersagbarkeit und der zeitlichen Struktur von Indizes der klimatischen Variabilität des tropischen Pazifiks, bekannt in der Jahrzentenskala als El-Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Untersucht wurden die Zeitreihen der Anomalien und Persistenzen der Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), den Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) und die Meeresoberflächentemperatur (SST). Methoden der dynamischen und bedingten schannonschen Entropien wurden für die Untersuchung der Vorhersagbarkeit von symbolischen Sequenzen der Zeitreihen angewendet. Die Untersuchung der bedingten Entropien für symbolische Sequenzen ergibt, dass die meist vorhersagbare Evente von ENSO nach konstanten Teilsequenzen stattfinden. Für mehrere Evente sind zeitliche Korrelationen nachweisbar, die die Vorhersagbarkeit eines Symbols nach einer Teilsequenz in Funktion derer Länge bestimmen. Die Evolution nach Teilsequenzen, die Übergangszuständen entsprechen, sind mit vergleichsweiseniedrigeren Vorhersagbarkeiten versehen. Dabei ist auf die meist vorhersagbaren Teilsequenzen im Detail eingegangen. Es wurde weiterhin festgestellt, dass sich die SST in den meisten Fällen als die zuverlässigste Informationsquelle erweist. Die Analyse der Waveletspektren der Zeitreihen zeigt starke Periodizitäten der Ordnung zwischen 2 und 4 Jahren, die zwischen 1900 und 1960, und 1970 und 2000 in ENSO auftreten. Es besteht Evidenz dafür, dass diese Frequenzkomponenten nicht von einem gefiteten Markovprozess erster Ordnung zurückzuführen sind. Eine Steigung der Frequenzkomponenten zu niedrigeren Perioden ist weiterhin in den Anomalien der Meerestemperatur vorzuweisen.
This doctoral thesis is concerned with the problems of the predictability and the temporal structure of indices of the climatic variability in the tropical Pacific, which is known in the scale of decades as El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). For this purpose, time series of the anomalies and persistences of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) and of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) were investigated. Methods of the dynamical and conditional shannon entropies were applied for the investigation of the predictability of symbolic sequences derived from the time series. The investigation of the conditional entropies for symbolic sequences shows that the most probable Events of ENSO occur after constant short sequences. Time correlations are found for several events; these determine the predictability of a sequence as a function of its length. The evolutions of short sequences representing transitions between ENSO states are relatively less predictable. The most predictable short sequences have been studied in detail. It was further found that, in most cases, SST is the most reliable information source. The analysis of the wavelet spectra of the time series shows strong periodicities of 2 to 4 years, which appear between 1900 and 1960, and between 1970 and 2000 in ENSO. There is evidence of a non-markovian process being responsible for these frequency components. Furthermore, the anomalies of the SST series show a gradient of frequency components towards smaller periods.

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Macdonald, Ruaridh (Ruaridh R. ). "Investigation of improved methods for assessing convergence of models in MCNP using Shannon entropy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76954.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2012.
"June 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 42).
Monte Carlo computationals methods are widely used in academia to analyze nuclear systems design and operation because of their high accuracy and the relative ease of use in comparison to deterministic methods. However, current Monte Carlo codes require an extensive knowledge of the physics of a problem as well as the computational methods being used in order to ensure accuracy. This investigation aims to provide better on-the-fly diagnostics for convergence using Shannon entropy and statistical checks for tally undersampling in order to reduce the burden on the code user, hopfully increasing the use and accuracy of Monte Carlo codes. These methods were tested by simulating the OECD/NEA benchmark #1 problem in MCNP. It was found that Shannon entropy does accurately predict the number of batches required for a source distribution to converge, though only when when the Shannon entropy mesh was the size of the tally mesh. The investigation of undersampling showed evidence of methods to predict undersampling on-the-fly using Shannon entropy as well as laying out where future work should lead.
by Ruaridh Macdonald.
S.B.

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Книги з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Ellerman, David. New Foundations for Information Theory: Logical Entropy and Shannon Entropy. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. Surrogate Data Testing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0007.

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The concept of Shannon entropy is introduced and code is presented to apply it to the logistic map. Entropy tests are discussed and surrogate tests based on the entropy concepts are presented and discussed. R codes are presented. Entropy measures are discussed.

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Golan, Amos. The Metrics of Info-Metrics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199349524.003.0003.

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In this chapter I present the key ideas and develop the essential quantitative metrics needed for modeling and inference with limited information. I provide the necessary tools to study the traditional maximum-entropy principle, which is the cornerstone for info-metrics. The chapter starts by defining the primary notions of information and entropy as they are related to probabilities and uncertainty. The unique properties of the entropy are explained. The derivations and discussion are extended to multivariable entropies and informational quantities. For completeness, I also discuss the complete list of the Shannon-Khinchin axioms behind the entropy measure. An additional derivation of information and entropy, due to the independently developed work of Wiener, is provided as well.

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Golan, Amos. Rational Inference. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199349524.003.0002.

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In this chapter I present arguments for the use of info-metrics as a fundamental framework for rational inference. The chapter consists of two interdependent parts. In the first I provide the framework for rational inference, which involves the use of a specific decision function to achieve the desired inference. In the second part I summarize four sets of axioms to justify the decision function argued for in the first part. All axioms lead to the same decision function: the entropy function of Boltzmann, Gibbs, and Shannon. In this chapter I emphasize underdetermined problems and problems of insufficient information, but I also discuss inference based on information resulting from repeated independent experiments. The same entropy function is identified in each case, as well as the desired decision function.

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Tiwari, Sandip. Information mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0001.

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Information is physical, so its manipulation through devices is subject to its own mechanics: the science and engineering of behavioral description, which is intermingled with classical, quantum and statistical mechanics principles. This chapter is a unification of these principles and physical laws with their implications for nanoscale. Ideas of state machines, Church-Turing thesis and its embodiment in various state machines, probabilities, Bayesian principles and entropy in its various forms (Shannon, Boltzmann, von Neumann, algorithmic) with an eye on the principle of maximum entropy as an information manipulation tool. Notions of conservation and non-conservation are applied to example circuit forms folding in adiabatic, isothermal, reversible and irreversible processes. This brings out implications of fluctuation and transitions, the interplay of errors and stability and the energy cost of determinism. It concludes discussing networks as tools to understand information flow and decision making and with an introduction to entanglement in quantum computing.

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Частини книг з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Tame, Jeremy R. H. "Shannon." In Approaches to Entropy, 115–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2315-7_8.

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Zheng, Zhiyong. "Shannon Theory." In Financial Mathematics and Fintech, 91–151. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0920-7_3.

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AbstractAccording to Shannon, a message x is a random event. Let p(x) be the probability of occurrence of event x. If $$p(x)=0$$ p ( x ) = 0 , this event does not occur; If $$p(x)=1$$ p ( x ) = 1 , this event must occur. When $$p(x) = 0$$ p ( x ) = 0 or $$p(x) = 1$$ p ( x ) = 1 , information x can be called trivial information or spam information. Therefore, the real mathematical significance of information x lies in its uncertainty, that is $$0<p(x)<1$$ 0 < p ( x ) < 1 . Quantitative research on the uncertainty of nontrivial information constitutes all the starting point of Shannon’s theory, this starting point is now called information quantity or information entropy, or entropy for short. Shannon and his colleagues at Bell laboratory considered “bit” as the basic quantitative unit of information. What is “bit”? We can simply understand it as the number of bits in the binary system. However, according to Shannon, the binary system with n digits can express up to $$2^{n}$$ 2 n numbers. From the point of view of probability and statistics, the probability of occurrence of these $$2^{n}$$ 2 n numbers is $$\frac{1}{2^{n}}$$ 1 2 n . Therefore, a bit is the amount of information contained in event x with probability $$\frac{1}{2}$$ 1 2 . Taking this as the starting point, Shannon defined the self information I(x) contained in an information x as

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Muchnik, An, and N. Vereshchagin. "Shannon Entropy vs. Kolmogorov Complexity." In Computer Science – Theory and Applications, 281–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11753728_29.

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Golia, Priyanka, Brendan Juba, and Kuldeep S. Meel. "A Scalable Shannon Entropy Estimator." In Computer Aided Verification, 363–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_18.

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AbstractQuantified information flow (QIF) has emerged as a rigorous approach to quantitatively measure confidentiality; the information-theoretic underpinning of QIF allows the end-users to link the computed quantities with the computational effort required on the part of the adversary to gain access to desired confidential information. In this work, we focus on the estimation of Shannon entropy for a given program $$\varPi $$ Π . As a first step, we focus on the case wherein a Boolean formula $$\varphi (X,Y)$$ φ ( X , Y ) captures the relationship between inputs X and output Y of $$\varPi $$ Π . Such formulas $$\varphi (X,Y)$$ φ ( X , Y ) have the property that for every valuation to X, there exists exactly one valuation to Y such that $$\varphi $$ φ is satisfied. The existing techniques require $$\mathcal {O}(2^m)$$ O ( 2 m ) model counting queries, where $$m = |Y|$$ m = | Y | .We propose the first efficient algorithmic technique, called $$\mathsf {EntropyEstimation}$$ EntropyEstimation to estimate the Shannon entropy of $$\varphi $$ φ with PAC-style guarantees, i.e., the computed estimate is guaranteed to lie within a $$(1\pm \varepsilon )$$ ( 1 ± ε ) -factor of the ground truth with confidence at least $$1-\delta $$ 1 - δ . Furthermore, $$\mathsf {EntropyEstimation}$$ EntropyEstimation makes only $$\mathcal {O}(\frac{min(m,n)}{\varepsilon ^2})$$ O ( m i n ( m , n ) ε 2 ) counting and sampling queries, where $$m = |Y|$$ m = | Y | , and $$n = |X|$$ n = | X | , thereby achieving a significant reduction in the number of model counting queries. We demonstrate the practical efficiency of our algorithmic framework via a detailed experimental evaluation. Our evaluation demonstrates that the proposed framework scales to the formulas beyond the reach of the previously known approaches.

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Ellerman, David. "The Relationship Between Logical Entropy and Shannon Entropy." In New Foundations for Information Theory, 15–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86552-8_2.

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Ramamurthy, G., and T. Jagannadha Swamy. "Gibbs-Shannon Entropy and Related Measures: Tsallis Entropy." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1–9. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4058-9_1.

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Skórski, Maciej. "Shannon Entropy Versus Renyi Entropy from a Cryptographic Viewpoint." In Cryptography and Coding, 257–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27239-9_16.

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Witt, Kurt-Ulrich. "Information, Entropie und Sätze von Shannon." In Algebraische Grundlagen der Informatik, 343–64. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91825-3_27.

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Witt, Kurt-Ulrich. "Information, Entropie und Sätze von Shannon." In Algebraische Grundlagen der Informatik, 239–65. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-92822-1_20.

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do Vale Cunha, Marcelo, Carlos César Ribeiro Santos, Marcelo Albano Moret, and Hernane Borges de Barros Pereira. "Shannon Entropy in Time–Varying Clique Networks." In Complex Networks and Their Applications VIII, 507–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36687-2_42.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Zhong, Wenqi, and Mingyao Zhang. "Experimental Investigation of Flow Characteristics in a Spout-Fluid Bed." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78010.

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Pressure fluctuation time series were obtained at various bed locations in a spout-fluid bed with its dimension of 300mm × 30mm × 2000mm. Power spectrum and Shannon entropy analyses of pressure fluctuations were developed to characterize the flow characteristics. A multi-channel pressure sampling system was established and a high-resolution digital camera was used to record the flow patterns. The effects of two important operating parameters, i.e. spouting gas velocity and fluidizing gas flow rate on the power spectrum major frequency and Shannon entropy were tested. Shannon entropies of different flow patterns were found to have different characteristics, thus Shannon entropy was developed to identify the flow patterns. The results show that power spectrum and Shannon entropy analyses are two helpful ways to realize the complex gas-solid flow characteristics in spout-fluid beds.

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Stoilova, Svetla. "Multi-criteria approaches for choosing intermodal technology for container transportation." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf187.

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In this study integrated multi-criteria approaches are developed based on the Shannon entropy method and multi-criteria analysis for the study of intermodal transport. The research methodology consists of the following steps: definition of criteria; determination of alternatives; determination of criteria weights by the Shannon’s entropy method; ranking the alternatives by applying multi-criteria approaches; verification of the results. The Shannon’s entropy method allows to determine the weights of the criteria in a mathematical way without using expert evaluation. The multicriteria methods – Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Complex Proportional Assessment method (COPRAS), Compromise Programming (CP) and Preference Ranking Organization method for Enrichment of Evaluation (PROMETHEE) have been applied. Seven criteria for the evaluation of five alternatives for the transport of containers by heavy-duty vehicles and by rail have been studied. The results have been verified by comparison with other studies. The obtained results show that the criteria are carbon dioxide emissions during transportation (0.30), security and safety (0.31), infrastructure charges (0.16) and infrastructure characteristic (0.13). It was found that the results for the ranking of the alternatives according to the different approaches are close. It was found that the transport of containers with block-trains is the most suitable alternative for the investigated alternative routes. The developed integrated approaches can also be applied to make research in other scientific fields.

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van Ruitenbeek, Frank, Jasper Goseling, Wim Bakker, and Kim Hein. "Shannon entropy and hydrothermal processes." In Entropy 2021: The Scientific Tool of the 21st Century. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/entropy2021-09835.

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Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J., Pedro Carrasco Millán, Ana Porras Riojano, Esteban M. Sánchez García, and M. Ángeles García Ferrero. "Shannon entropy and hadron decays." In XVII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.310.0245.

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Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J., Pedro Carrasco Millan, Ana Porras Riojano, and Esteban M. Sanchez Garcia. "Shannon entropy and hadron decays." In The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.314.0740.

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Han, Yanjun, Jiantao Jiao, and Tsachy Weissman. "Adaptive estimation of Shannon entropy." In 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2015.7282680.

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Xia, Xue, Thaddeus Roppel, John Y. Hung, Jian Zhang, Senthilkumar CG Periaswamy, and Justin Patton. "Environmental Complexity Measurement Using Shannon Entropy." In SoutheastCon 2020. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/southeastcon44009.2020.9249666.

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Balta, Marian, and Victor Felea. "Using Shannon Entropy in ETL Processes." In 2007 Ninth International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/synasc.2007.41.

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Bian, Xiaolin, Yun Shao, Huaze Gong, Fengli Zhang, and Chou Xie. "Subsurface targets detection with Shannon entropy." In IGARSS 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049390.

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Oliveira, H. M. de. "Shannon and Renyi Entropy of Wavelets." In XXI Simpósio Brasileiro de Telecomunicações. Sociedade Brasileira de Telecomunicações, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.14209/sbrt.2004.227.

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Звіти організацій з теми "SHANNON ENTROPHY"

Caplin, Andrew, Mark Dean, and John Leahy. Rationally Inattentive Behavior: Characterizing and Generalizing Shannon Entropy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23652.

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Caplin, Andrew, and Mark Dean. Behavioral Implications of Rational Inattention with Shannon Entropy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19318.

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Soloviev, Vladimir, Andrii Bielinskyi, and Viktoria Solovieva. Entropy Analysis of Crisis Phenomena for DJIA Index. [б. в.], June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3179.

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The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index for the 125-year-old (since 1896) history has experienced many crises of different nature and, reflecting the dynamics of the world stock market, is an ideal model object for the study of quantitative indicators and precursors of crisis phenomena. In this paper, the classification and periodization of crisis events for the DJIA index have been carried out; crashes and critical events have been highlighted. Based on the modern paradigm of the theory of complexity, a spectrum of entropy indicators and precursors of crisis phenomena have been proposed. The entropy of a complex system is not only a measure of uncertainty (like Shannon's entropy) but also a measure of complexity (like the permutation and Tsallis entropy). The complexity of the system in a crisis changes significantly. This fact can be used as an indicator, and in the case of a proactive change as a precursor of a crisis. Complex systems also have the property of scale invariance, which can be taken into account by calculating the Multiscale entropy. The calculations were carried out within the framework of the sliding window algorithm with the subsequent comparison of the entropy measures of complexity with the dynamics of the DJIA index itself. It is shown that Shannon's entropy is an indicator, and the permutation and Tsallis entropy are the precursors of crisis phenomena to the same extent for both crashes and critical events.

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Soloviev, Vladimir N., Andrii O. Bielinskyi, and Natalia A. Kharadzjan. Coverage of the Coronavirus Pandemic through Entropy Measures. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4427.

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The rapidly evolving coronavirus pandemic brings a devastating effect on the entire world and its economy as awhole. Further instability related to COVID-19will negatively affect not only on companies and financial markets, but also on traders and investors that have been interested in saving their investment, minimizing risks, and making decisions such as how to manage their resources, how much to consume and save, when to buy or sell stocks, etc., and these decisions depend on the expectation of when to expect next critical change. Trying to help people in their subsequent decisions, we demonstrate the possibility of constructing indicators of critical and crash phenomena on the example of Bitcoin market crashes for further demonstration of their efficiency on the crash that is related to the coronavirus pandemic. For this purpose, the methods of the theory of complex systems have been used. Since the theory of complex systems has quite an extensive toolkit for exploring the nonlinear complex system, we take a look at the application of the concept of entropy in finance and use this concept to construct 6 effective entropy measures: Shannon entropy, Approximate entropy, Permutation entropy, and 3 Recurrence based entropies. We provide computational results that prove that these indicators could have been used to identify the beginning of the crash and predict the future course of events associated with the current pandemic.

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Bielinskyi, Andriy, Serhiy Semerikov, Oleksandr Serdiuk, Victoria Solovieva, Vladimir Soloviev, and Lukáš Pichl. Econophysics of sustainability indices. [б. в.], October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4118.

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In this paper, the possibility of using some econophysical methods for quantitative assessment of complexity measures: entropy (Shannon, Approximate and Permutation entropies), fractal (Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis – MF-DFA), and quantum (Heisenberg uncertainty principle) is investigated. Comparing the capability of both entropies, it is obtained that both measures are presented to be computationally efficient, robust, and useful. Each of them detects patterns that are general for crisis states. The similar results are for other measures. MF-DFA approach gives evidence that Dow Jones Sustainability Index is multifractal, and the degree of it changes significantly at different periods. Moreover, we demonstrate that the quantum apparatus of econophysics has reliable models for the identification of instability periods. We conclude that these measures make it possible to establish that the socially responsive exhibits characteristic patterns of complexity, and the proposed measures of complexity allow us to build indicators-precursors of critical and crisis phenomena.

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