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1
Starzec, Mariusz. "The impact of construction of piling partitions on the retention efficiency of a sewerage network." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500087.
Анотація:
The aim of the article is to determine the impact of the structural solution of piling partitions of an innovative retention canals on the hydraulic conditions of its functioning in a specific sewerage network. Three types and different variants for controlling the operation of piling partitions were analyzed. The research shows that the construction of piling partitions has a significant impact on the achieved reduction rate of sewage outflow from the analyzed sewerage network. In addition, the construction of piling partitions also determines the volume of sewage that can be restored in sewer networks. The most tangible effects were observed when the partitions were made in the system (1), i.e. they had drainage holes of an adjustable geometry. In this example, a reduction in the peak sewage outflow from the sewage network to a value of only 531.36 dm3/s was observed, which corresponds to the value of the wastewater reduction coefficient β = 0.34. What is worth emphasizing, with the other methods of functioning of piling partitions, small values of the wastewater reduction coefficient were also obtained successively for the system (2) β = 0.35, while for the system (3) β = 0.43. On the basis of the tests carried out, it was also found that the authoritative time for dimensioning the sewerage network equipped with piling partitions always takes values higher than the reliable time for dimensioning a traditional sewerage network
2
Chung, Gunhui, and Won Soo Ohk. "Development of the Urban Water Balance Model by Linking Water Distribution and Sewer Networks." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.6.369.
Анотація:
Due to urban overcrowding, the population density of residential areas and water use per unit are increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to study the flow of water supplied to cities and to improve the healthy circulation of urban water. This study used Modelica, a non-causal analytical program. Using Open Modelica, the researchers constructed a model linking water distribution and sewerage, as the basis of a balanced urban water model. Using the programmer's toolkit provided by EPA-NET and EPA-SWMM, which are commonly used to simulate the existing water supply and sewage pipe networks, Open Modelica-based water distribution networks and sewage pipe networks can be connected and simulated based on the customer block. A model was built so that 90% of the hourly water consumption supplied to the water supply pipe network can be automatically introduced into the sewage pipe network. If a matching table is constructed to connect the nodes of the water supply pipe network and the sewer pipe network, the nodes will reflect in the graphical user interface (GUI) developed in Open Modelica. It was developed to enable modification of links, pumps, tanks, and valves. The 48-hour water supply was simulated using the developed model, and it was confirmed that water supply and sewage networks were successfully connected. In the future, we plan to develop a more expanded and realistic urban water circulation model by considering additional urban water circulation factors, such as sewage treatment, water reuse, rainwater use, storm runoff, and low-impact development facilities. Through this study, it was confirmed that Modelica can simulate changes in the system over time. Since it is a formula-based non-causal simulation language, it is possible to establish and reuse relationships between blocks through block-by-block development of urban water circulation elements. It is expected to contribute to the visualization and concretization of future urban water circulation models.
3
Li, Likai, Yiwei Li, Ping Song, Bingjie Fang, Haibo Xia, Yeyuan Xiao, Lu Ma, Yue Guo, Zhongrui Bai, and Jiawen Wang. "Evaluation of Groundwater Infiltration in Sewer Networks Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy." Water 15, no. 19 (September 23, 2023): 3339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15193339.
Анотація:
Diagnosing water infiltration is imperative to assess the integrity and operation performance of sewer networks, which is challenging and costly due to the complex nature of these networks. This study proposes a simple approach to evaluate the extent of groundwater infiltration via a fluorescence spectroscopy method, i.e., the identification and quantification of the fluorescent signature components of the dissolved organic matter sewage. A newly built sewer network in Shantou, Southern China, was selected for the case study, and a mass balance method based on water quality characteristic factors (total phosphorus and NH4+-N) was applied in parallel for comparison. The results showed that the mass balance method was substantially influenced by fluctuations in sewage and external water concentrations, rendering it unreliable due to the extensive data and calculations required. Conversely, three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix–parallel factor analysis enabled the identification of terrestrial humus compounds as the signatures of underground water sources. The estimation indicates that the groundwater proportion across the four surveyed inspection wells along the pipeline network ranged from 10.8 ± 2.5% to 9.6 ± 3.5%, conforming to the allowable groundwater infiltration limits set for municipal sewage pipelines (10–15%). This study presents a simple method for the in-depth analysis of groundwater infiltration in urban sewage networks, providing valuable insights into maintaining water quality and network integrity.
4
Rojek, Izabela, and Jan Studzinski. "Detection and Localization of Water Leaks in Water Nets Supported by an ICT System with Artificial Intelligence Methods as a Way Forward for Smart Cities." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 19, 2019): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020518.
Анотація:
The last decade has seen the development of complex IT systems to support city management, i.e., the creation of so-called intelligent cities. These systems include modules dedicated to particular branches of municipal economy, such as urban transport, heating systems, energy systems, telecommunications, and finally water and sewage management. In turn, with regard to the latter branch, IT systems supporting the management of water supply and sewage networks and sewage treatment plants are being developed. This paper deals with the system concerning the urban water supply network, and in particular, with the subsystem for detecting and locating leakages on the water supply network, including so-called hidden leakages. These leaks cause the greatest water losses in networks, especially in old ones, with a very diverse age and material structure. In the proposed concept of the subsystem consisting of a GIS (Geographical Information System), SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system and hydraulic model of the water supply network, an algorithm of leak detection and location based on the neural networks’ MLP (multi-layer perceptron) and Kohonen was developed. The algorithm has been tested on the hydraulic models of several municipal water supply networks.
5
Вовк, Леся, Вадим Орел та Оксана Мацієвська. "КОРОЗІЯ БЕТОННИХ КАНАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ КОЛЕКТОРІВ НА ПРИКЛАДІ М. ЛЬВІВ". European Science, sge16-03 (30 січня 2020): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30890/2709-2313.2023-16-03-025.
Анотація:
The presented materials describe the technical condition of sewage networks in Ukraine for 2021. The reasons for malfunctioning of sewage networks are outlined. The mechanism of concrete corrosion of sewage collectors is described. On the basis of a visua
6
Piasecki, Adam. "Water and Sewage Management Issues in Rural Poland." Water 11, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030625.
Анотація:
Water and sewage management in Poland has systematically been transformed in terms of quality and quantity since the 1990s. Currently, the most important problem in this matter is posed by areas where buildings are spread out across rural areas. The present work aims to analyse the process of changes and the current state of water and sewage management in rural areas of Poland. The author intended to present the issues in their broader context, paying attention to local specificity as well as natural and economic conditions. The analysis led to the conclusion that there have been significant positive changes in water and sewage infrastructure in rural Poland. A several-fold increase in the length of sewage and water supply networks and number of sewage treatment plants was identified. There has been an increase in the use of water and treated sewage, while raw sewage has been minimised. Tap-water quality and wastewater treatment standards have improved. At the same time, areas requiring further improvement—primarily wastewater management—were indicated. It was identified that having only 42% of the rural population connected to a collective sewerage system is unsatisfactory. All the more so, in light of the fact that more than twice as many consumers are connected to the water supply network (85%). The major ecological threat that closed-system septic sewage tanks pose is highlighted. It is pointed out that they are mainly being replaced by household wastewater treatment systems with ineffective filtering drainage. Furthermore, recommendations were also made for the future development of selected aspects of water and sewage management, including the legal and the political.
7
Rajaram, Kanchana, T. T. Mirnalinee, and V. S. Felix Enigo. "IoT Based System for Sewage Overflow Prevention using Heterogeneous Communication Networks." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 20, no. 1 (January 23, 2023): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw230005.
Анотація:
The increasing population along with water scarcity give rise to water management practices. Water scarcity can be eradicated by wastewater treatment that would in turn prevent contamination of water bodies. One of the challenges in wastewater treatment is to efficiently transport and treat the sewage in a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Most of the existing STPs in closed campuses of Indian scenarios such as academic institutions, industries, and residential apartments employ several pumping stations in a campus and pump motors in each station that pump sewage to STP for treatment. Manual operation of such motors would lead to sump overflows that negatively impact public health and sanitation. Therefore, an IoT-based system for monitoring and controlling sewage flow is proposed in this paper that uses water level sensors and prevents sewage overflows in pumping station sumps, resulting in the utilisation of all the collected sewage for treatment. Since each campus might have different communication networks such as GPRS, WiFi, RF, or Ethernet, the proposed system is designed to work with any network. The proposed system was tested in the college campus with three pumping stations. Moreover, a test bed was simulated and tested with 100 pumping stations. It is observed that the proposed approach prevents sewage overflows in various scenarios with different constraints.
8
Mohammed, Shahad R., Basim K. Nile, and Waqed H. Hassan. "Modelling Stilling Basins for Sewage Networks." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 671 (January 17, 2020): 012111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/671/1/012111.
9
Orel, Vadym, Bohdan Pitsyshyn, and Yaryna Voron. "Elimination of flow rate restriction for system of storm water sewage with the help of drag-reducing polymers." Theory and Building Practice 2020, no. 2 (November 20, 2020): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2020.02.010.
Анотація:
The flow-rate restriction for storm sewage network is substantiated. Possible causes of flooding of territories by storm water in the case of emergency and methods of storm waters management are considered. The article is devoted to an increase in throughput of storm sewage networks with the help of in-line storm water detention tank installed at the beginning of storm sewage network and dragreducing polymers (DRP). It is proposed to introduce DRPs in the form of solution directly into the sewage network through a storm-water inlet or through a sewer manhole. The introduction is conducted from a tank (cistern) in which there is a device for preparing an aqueous solution from the raw materials of DRP. For a square (in horizontal plane) catchment, in the case of point-type water drainage, the numerical simulation of the work of a system of storm water sewage with the help of DRP has been carried out.
10
Hussin, Marwa S. Mahdi, Mohammed Brayyich, Mustafa Al Al-Tahee, Tamarah A. Diame, Sajad Ali Zearah, Marwan Qaid Mohammed, and Salem Saleh Bafjaish. "A Framework for Strategic Planning Adaptation in Smart Cities through Recurrent Neural Networks." Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things 9, no. 2 (2023): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/jisiot.090205.
Анотація:
In the Smart city environment, sustainable sewage and wastewater management planning plays a crucial role in industry development. Wastewater management is a serious issue with inadequate treatment, which reduces the smart city efficiency. Therefore, this research work concentrates on creating the Strategic Planning Adaption framework (SP-AF) using the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). This framework intends to manage the sewage and wastewater in smart cities. The sewage-related information is continuously collected by a recurrent network that identifies and tracks the wastewater and sewage in the smart city. The SP-AF framework analyses sustainable planning and managing wastewater by understanding the waste origin. In addition, the framework has been generated by understanding the wastewater knowledge, and the required actions are carried out. Then the effectiveness of the wastewater management system efficiency is compared with the existing approaches.
11
Pomogaeva, Valentina, Lyudmila Metechko, Dmitry Prokofiev, and Tamara Narezhnaya. "Investigation of the motion processes of wastewater in sewerage of high-rise buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183302013.
Анотація:
When designing, constructing and operating sewage pipelines in high-rise buildings, issues of failure-free operation of a network arise. Investigation of the processes of wastewater moving allows identifying problem areas during operation, assessing the possibility of obstructions and breakdowns of plumbing traps on the gravity drainage sections of the pipeline. The article performs the schemes of the water outflow from the floor sewer into the riser, including the places where the riser is bent, of air delivery to the working riser under the change of the direction of drain movement with the dropout line set-up, with the installation of an automatic anti-vacuum valve, with the installation of the ventilation pipeline. Investigations of the process of sewage waste flow in a sewage riser were carried out, in order to select the appropriate structure. The authors consider structure features of some sections of sewerage in high-rise buildings. The exhaustion value in the riser is determined from the rarefactions that occur below the compressed cross-section of the riser and the loss of the air flow pressure coming from the atmosphere into the riser during the deflooding of the liquid. Preventing the formation of obstructions and breakdowns of plumbing traps is an integral part of sewage networks.
12
Liu, Yiqi, Ramon Ganigué, Keshab Sharma, and Zhiguo Yuan. "Controlling chemical dosing for sulfide mitigation in sewer networks using a hybrid automata control strategy." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 12 (October 22, 2013): 2584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.525.
Анотація:
Chemicals such as magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and iron salts are widely used to control sulfide-induced corrosion in sewer networks composed of interconnected sewer pipe lines and pumping stations. Chemical dosing control is usually non-automatic and based on experience, thus often resulting in sewage reaching the discharge point receiving inadequate or even no chemical dosing. Moreover, intermittent operation of pumping stations makes traditional control theory inadequate. A hybrid automata-based (HA-based) control method is proposed in this paper to coordinate sewage pumping station operations by considering their states, thereby ensuring suitable chemical concentrations in the network discharge. The performance of the proposed control method was validated through a simulation study of a real sewer network using real sewage flow data. The physical, chemical and biological processes were simulated using the well-established SeweX model. The results suggested that the HA-based control strategy significantly improved chemical dosing control performance and sulfide mitigation in sewer networks, compared to the current common practice.
13
Tian, Jiandong, and Guifang He. "Optimization design method for urban sewage collection pipe networks." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 1828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.200.
Анотація:
Abstract In this study, a secondary subsystem mathematical model is established under the condition that the layout of the sewage collection branch, trunk, and main pipe network projects is fixed. The sewage collection branch and trunk pipe network projects are treated as the research objective by taking the minimum annual cost of the sewage collection pipe network projects as the objective function, the longitudinal slope of the pipe section and the economic flow rate of the pipe section as constraints, and the diameter of the pipe section as the decision variable. A first-level subsystem mathematical model is established by taking the sewage collection branch, trunk, and main pipe network project as the research object. A large system mathematical model is established in the same manner. This model can be solved using the large system secondary decomposition–dynamic programming aggregation method, and the optimal diameter for each pipe section can be obtained. A regional sewage collection pipe network project in Taizhou city was considered as an example for comparative analysis before and after optimization, and the results verified that the optimization method proposed in this study can solve this complex large system optimization problem.
14
Hussein, S. N., R. F. Alrubaye, and Yasser Nassar. "A case Study of Fat and Release of Hydrogen in Sewage Sulfide During the Management of Sewage Projects." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 19 (January 30, 2024): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v19i.10601.
Анотація:
During sewage projects, management appears Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emission-related odours have been a problem in sewage project networks for decades. One of the gases that directly harms employees and network infrastructure is hydrogen sulfide gas. Using the TOXCHEM software, the network of the Al-Hur project in Karbala, south of the Iraqi capital, Baghdad, was simulated for three main lines of different diameters 630, 315, and 1000 mm, each with a diameter of 1000 meters, they are connected to a main manhole by drop structure, and then to the lift station. Samples for these diameters were collected for two seasons (summer and winter) with all the necessary parameters of this network to be included in the model. The model was validated for the two seasons, and the results were very close to reality after being examined in a statistical way, where the results of R and RMSE were (0.821 and 0.821) and (0.000462 and 0.000184) for Summer and Winter, respectively. Sensitivity analysis studied wastewater characteristics with different levels of H2S loading rate, flow rate, suspended solid concentration, oil/grease concentration, and temperature. The results showed that all emissions in these networks are dangerous, especially in the summer when the emissions concentrations for pipe 315, pipe 630, pipe 1000, drop 315, drop 630 and the lift station were 7.6, 6.2, 2.5, 8.01, 3.78 and 6.06 ppm, respectively. By utilizing a TOXCHEM model, the study helped to understand the fate and emission of hydrogen sulfide gas in all parts of the networks.
15
المبروك, نور الدين ابراهيم. "واقع وتحديات وسبل تحسين برامج تنفيذ شبكات الصرف الصحي ومحطات المعالجة في ليبيا". International Science and Technology Journal 34, № 1 (5 квітня 2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.62341/naim8430.
Анотація:
Sewage systems in Libya suffer from several problems, which have a negative impact on the environment and human life. Therefore, this study aims to know the current status of the system and the problems it suffers from, and thus suggest some solutions that contribute to the advancement of this sector. The study was conducted by collecting information about the systems and programs of sewage networks and treatment plants available in Libya and reviewing the relevant Libyan legislation, and these programs were evaluated according to the criteria of (suitability - progress - efficiency - effectiveness - impact). In general, as a result of this study, through evaluation according to the above criteria, the need for programs and projects of sewage networks and treatment plants in Libya to take several measures was clarified within the recommendations of the study, with the aim of correcting the course of this important sector. Keywords: Treatment Plants, Sewage networks, Programs and projects, Environment, Evaluation.
16
Li, Wentao, Zijian Wang, Jinjun Zhou, Yali Pang, and Hao Wang. "Operation Risk Simulation and Interaction Impact of Stormwater and Sewage Systems Based on Storm Water Management Model." Water 16, no. 7 (March 26, 2024): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16070953.
Анотація:
With the increasing urbanization rate, higher demand is placed on drainage systems, necessitating analysis of their risk profiles. While many studies focus on the individual hydraulic modeling of stormwater and wastewater systems when considering operational risks, they often overlook the exacerbating effects of combined stormwater and wastewater flows on each other’s risks. In this study, we constructed a model of the combined stormwater and wastewater drainage system in Lijiao, Guangdong Province. We analyzed the operational risks of both stormwater and sewage networks in different scenarios, focusing on full-load pipes, overload pipes, node overflows, and minimum flow velocities. Furthermore, we compared the exacerbating effects of sewage and stormwater on each other’s network operational risks. Simulation results indicated that, for sewage networks with combined sewer sections, the lengths of full-load pipes and overload pipes increased by an average of 27.4% and 16.3%, respectively, during rainy weather scenarios compared to dry weather. After considering the inflow of sewage into combined sewer sections, the average length of full-load pipes increased by 3.8 km, overload pipe length increased by 1.1 km, and overflow volume increased by 2.26 × 104 m3. As the return period of rainfall events increases, these inter-system impacts gradually diminish. Therefore, when modeling drainage systems and assessing operational risks, particularly during low return period rainfall events, the inclusion of both stormwater and sewage in combined sewer networks should be comprehensively considered.
17
Rahimi, Abolfazl, and Mohammad Rezaii. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Buried Sewage Collection Pipelines." Shock and Vibration 2021 (January 29, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6669505.
Анотація:
One of the systems which is damaged because of earthquake is an urban wastewater network. In this paper, it is tried to study the damages occurred on urban wastewater networks in a selected network. The most important definitions by the network about some branches of the wastewater network and relevant reformations are studied. Then, the function of pipeline networks buried by the previous earthquake is studied and also it is proceeded about the research studies done regarding the relationships dominant on susceptibility in which some of the mentioned relationships are studied. The statistical society of some methods used in this research is studied, and the software applied in this part is introduced. Finally, the data of the output results are analysed in which the results obtained by this research are including the output drawings of the software GIS that demonstrate the occurred damages in applied and clear way. Some suggestions for using the aforesaid results by the researchers and authorities, especially disaster headquarter, have been presented. The results of this study showed that the assumptions and also the modelling process have handled the simulation well and this process is an effective method in decision making.
18
Barjenbruch, M. "Prevention of odour emergence in sewage networks." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0710.
Анотація:
Through increasing central development and through the decrease of specific wastewater production, wastewater systems are more and more prone to odour and corrosion problems. Hydrogen sulphide is produced, particularly in anaerobic flow stretches, which will then escape at turbulent places because of change in the flow direction and create odour harassment. Of particular importance in this respect are the transferring shafts after rising mains. The empirical approaches used for the estimation of the assumed sulphide concentrations yield considerable differences in the calculation and must therefore be used with care. This report presents a methodology for the co-ordination of odour- and corrosion-reducing measures which also includes the area of complaint management. It is crucially important to fine-tune the necessary measures (for instance the application of operational or chemical/biological methods) to the specific frame conditions. The practical comparison of the additional dosage of external water, iron and nitrate served to test the efficiency of these methods. The dosage of iron and nitrate led to considerable reductions in H2S content at the transferring shaft. The online measurement of the spectral adsorption coefficient (SAC) could become one control parameter for saving chemicals. It should be pointed out that it is necessary to consider the relevant measures and effects of odour and corrosion production during the planning stage - from the creation of the development plan of cities and communities. Through the selection of the wastewater disposal method to the planning of details. Moreover, the relevant financial means for these measures must be included in the economic plan.
19
Bogdan, Lucyna, Grazyna Petriczek, and Jan Studzinski. "Computer Dynamic Modelling of Communal Sewage Networks." Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems 8, no. 4 (December 20, 2014): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14313/jamris_4-2014/37.
20
Sier, Dana Abu, and Kevin Lansey. "Monitoring sewage networks for sanitary sewer overflows." Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems 22, no. 2 (June 2005): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286600500151460.
21
Awadallah, Ayman G., Mostafa Magdy, Ehab Helmy, and Ehab Rashed. "Assessment of Rainfall Intensity Equations Enlisted in the Egyptian Code for Designing Potable Water and Sewage Networks." Advances in Meteorology 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9496787.
Анотація:
The design of combined sewage system networks is based on the sanitary discharge (domestic, industrial) and the runoff generated by rainfall. The Egyptian code of practice for designing potable water and sewage networks gives two Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) equations to calculate the intensity of rainfall to be applied to all cities of Egypt. The purpose of this research is to study and assess the adequacy of the rainfall intensity equations suggested by the aforementioned Egyptian code. This is carried out taking into consideration the available rainfall ground station measurements and remote sensing Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) satellite rainfall estimates. This assessment leads to the following results. For the Mediterranean coastal cities, the code of practice equations significantly underestimates the rainfall intensities for all storm durations, which may lead to road networks damage and accidents due to hydroplaning and road flooding. On the contrary, for many other southern cities along the Nile Valley, the code equations significantly overestimate the rainfall intensities, which affects the economical aspect of the sewage network. Consequently, the current research suggests new rainfall intensity equations instead of the code equations.
22
Kowalczyk, Mariusz, and Tomasz Kamizela. "Artificial Neural Networks in Modeling of Dewaterability of Sewage Sludge." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061552.
Анотація:
Mechanical dewatering is a key process in the management of sewage sludge. However, the drainage efficiency depends on a number of factors, from the type and dose of the conditioning agent to the parameters of the drainage device. The selection of appropriate methods and parameters of conditioning and dewatering of sewage sludge is the task of laboratory work. This work can be accelerated through the use of artificial neural network (ANNs). The paper discusses the possibilities of using ANNs in predicting the dewatering efficiency of physically conditioned sludge. The input variables were only four parameters characterizing the conditioning methods and the dewatering method by centrifugation. These were the dose of the sludge skeleton builders (cement, gypsum, fly ash, and liquid glass), sonication parameters (sonication amplitude and time), and relative centrifugal force. Dewatering efficiency parameters such as sludge hydration and separation factor were output variables. Due to the nature of the research problem, two nonlinear networks were selected: a multilayer perceptron and a radial neural network. Based on the results of the prediction of artificial neural networks, it was found that these networks can be used to forecast the effectiveness of municipal sludge dewatering. The prediction error did not exceed 1.0% of the real value. ANN can therefore be useful in optimizing the dewatering process. In the case of the conducted research, it was the optimization of the sludge dewatering efficiency as a function of the type and parameters of conditioning factors. Therefore, it is possible to predict the dewatering efficiency of sludge that has not been tested in the laboratory, for example, with the use of other doses of physical conditioner. However, the condition for correct prediction and optimization was the use of a large dataset in the neural network training process.
23
Coutu, Sylvain, Timothée Pouchon, Pierre Queloz, and Nathalie Vernaz. "Integrated stochastic modeling of pharmaceuticals in sewage networks." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 30, no. 4 (July 10, 2015): 1087–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-015-1118-1.
24
Kareem, Marwa, and Mohammed S. Shamkhi. "Optimal design of sewage networks for Al-Jaffryah Quarter and Al-Kut Trade Center using genetic algorithms and spectral analysis of the river to know the effect of network waste." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 10, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol10.iss2.307.
Анотація:
The essential objective of this study is the development of an appropriate model to obtain the low cost optimization design of the sewage network. The complexity and the huge number of discrete and non-linear constraints in problems of sewage system design make their treatment important. For this aim, an adaptive model of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) of efficient and effective optimization design with a consistent layout is proposed. The MATLAB code was used to optimize the sewage network for the Al Jafriya neighborhood and Al Kut commercial center. Spectral analysis of the Tigris River was also carried out for the area of the estuaries of the studied network to find out the extent of pollution due to the network being a joint network (rain and sewage). According to the obtained results, the developed model achieved the optimum solution with the minimum cost and least generations number. It can be also noticed that the estuaries of the studied storm system have a significant influence on the quality of the river water. Thus, this research proposes the implementation and management of an isolated sewage system that is routed to wastewater treatment plants.
25
Madryas, C., and A. Kuliczkowski. "Reliability of Sewage Systems as an Element of Environmental Protection in Urban Areas." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1993): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0499.
Анотація:
This paper discusses some results of research into reliability engineering for urban sewerage networks, and the possibility of parameter estimation for particular reliability functions so as to establish a database which will enable operational control of the network and its renovation programme. A description and classification of the network failures is proposed for the sewers and the mechanism of their effects upon the soil-water environment will be presented. Very serious consequences are indicated for parametric failures of the networks operated without any program of regular technical state supervision, in the first place without network integrity inspection. The paper aims to underpin the theoretical background for optimal coordination of the renovation process, based upon typical technologies applied nowadays.
26
Xie, Jinhua, Gangqiao Yang, Ge Wang, and Wei Xia. "How Do Network Embeddedness and Environmental Awareness Affect Farmers’ Participation in Improving Rural Human Settlements?" Land 10, no. 10 (October 16, 2021): 1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101095.
Анотація:
Based on social embeddedness theory, this paper aims to explore the influence mechanism of network embeddedness and environmental awareness on farmers’ participation in improving rural human settlements (IRHS). This research applies the Logit model and the Bootstrap method, using survey data from 495 farmers in Hubei Province, China. The results show that: (1) relational embeddedness has a significant negative impact on the centralized treatment of farmers’ domestic sewage, implying that strengthening the relationship between farmers and households helps to provide them with centralized treatment for domestic sewage; (2) environmental awareness has a significant positive impact on the centralized treatment of farmers’ domestic sewage, implying that the enhancement of farmers’ environmental awareness increases the promotion centralized treatment for domestic sewage; and (3) structural embeddedness can further affects farmers’ environmental awareness and then affects their participation in the centralized treatment of domestic sewage, implying that environmental awareness has a mediating effect between structural embeddedness and the centralized treatment of farmers’ domestic sewage. Overall, it is necessary not only to encourage the establishment of extension and discussion networks for farmers (relational embeddedness) to participate in IRHS but also to improve environmental education for farmers, especially by increasing their access to environmental knowledge and information (environmental awareness in mountainous areas, and, finally to support farmers. The relationship between the members and the village cadres (structural embeddedness) can further improve farmers’ awareness of participation in IRHS to better guide them in the centralized treatment of domestic waste and domestic sewage.
27
Chachuła, Krystian, Tomasz Michał Słojewski, and Robert Nowak. "Multisensor Data Fusion for Localization of Pollution Sources in Wastewater Networks." Sensors 22, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22010387.
Анотація:
Illegal discharges of pollutants into sewage networks are a growing problem in large European cities. Such events often require restarting wastewater treatment plants, which cost up to a hundred thousand Euros. A system for localization and quantification of pollutants in utility networks could discourage such behavior and indicate a culprit if it happens. We propose an enhanced algorithm for multisensor data fusion for the detection, localization, and quantification of pollutants in wastewater networks. The algorithm processes data from multiple heterogeneous sensors in real-time, producing current estimates of network state and alarms if one or many sensors detect pollutants. Our algorithm models the network as a directed acyclic graph, uses adaptive peak detection, estimates the amount of specific compounds, and tracks the pollutant using a Kalman filter. We performed numerical experiments for several real and artificial sewage networks, and measured the quality of discharge event reconstruction. We report the correctness and performance of our system. We also propose a method to assess the importance of specific sensor locations. The experiments show that the algorithm’s success rate is equal to sensor coverage of the network. Moreover, the median distance between nodes pointed out by the fusion algorithm and nodes where the discharge was introduced equals zero when more than half of the network nodes contain sensors. The system can process around 5000 measurements per second, using 1 MiB of memory per 4600 measurements plus a constant of 97 MiB, and it can process 20 tracks per second, using 1.3 MiB of memory per 100 tracks.
28
Gogina, E. S. "Complex solution for sewerage using informational technologies." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 3-2 (April 10, 2013): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68020.
Анотація:
The main question in the article is the poor state of modern sewer systems. The author analyzes modern approaches to the design, construction, reconstruction and maintenance of sewage systems. A complex approach to solving this problem is to use information technologies to solve not separated tasks, but complex sewage system as a whole, which includes sewage networks, pumping stations, wastewater treatment plants. In the article there are the examples of software systems, which are used in the industry today.
29
Bruja, Adrian, Marian Dima, and Cătălin Frâncu. "Remote Controlled Video Inspection Manipulator of Sewage Networks Pipes." Solid State Phenomena 166-167 (September 2010): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.166-167.77.
Анотація:
The paper presents the research results carried out by the team of authors over the past 10 years in the field of video inspection of sewer pipes manipulators, designed based on the connecting cable technology between inspection module and the surface control unit and on wireless technology.
30
Pawełek, Jan. "Degree of Development and Functionality of the Water Supply and Sewage Systems in Rural Poland." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 14, no. 1 (April 22, 2016): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.686.
Анотація:
The development of water supply and sewage systems in rural areas in Poland is presented. Several factors characterizing progress in their construction are analyzed. The scope of analysis covers such factors as the percentage of population using the systems, increase in the length of the water supply and sewage networks, the number of connections to the systems, mean values of water consumption and sewage production for the water supply and sewage system connections, respectively, and the per capita water consumption. The source material is the data published by the Central Statistical Office and results of studies by other authors. Although the development of water supply and sewage systems has accelerated recently, delays in construction continue to be observed, especially in the case of sewage disposal and treatment infrastructure. Compliance by Poland with the decisions regarding its appropriate development in rural areas is a serious problem.
31
Silva, Marcelo Carlos de Oliveira, Rochele Sheila Vasconcelos, and José Almir Cirilo. "Risk Mapping of Water Supply and Sanitary Sewage Systems in a City in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region Using GIS-MCDA." Water 14, no. 20 (October 15, 2022): 3251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14203251.
Анотація:
It is essential to visualize water scarcity as a result of an inappropriate process of appropriation and the use of natural resources. This understanding has been gaining more and more prominence in studies in Brazil and also in the world. In this context, this research aims to map the risk of water shortages and sewage insufficiency in a Brazilian semi-arid city using GIS-MCDA. The secondary data used in this research were collected from IBGE, Compesa, and the City Hall of Caruaru and were processed using the QGIS 3.12 Bucareşti software. The Pernambuco Tridimensional database and the Analytical Hierarchy Process method were used in the process to generate the maps. After collecting and analyzing the data, it was seen that, according to the water shortage risk map, seven neighborhoods had a “Very high” risk, in which the criteria with the greatest weight were the distance from distribution reservoirs, the main supply network and altimetry. The map of the degree of sanitary sewage insufficiency showed that four neighborhoods have a “Very high” degree; these neighborhoods are far from the main sewage network and from sewage treatment stations and have the lowest rates of households served by the system. Such characteristics need to be highlighted in the planning and implementation of water and sewage services. Thus, it is concluded that the use of high-resolution spatial databases for the planning of urban services, as carried out in the present work, provides a greater level of confidence for solutions that can be implemented in the expansion of service networks to the population.
32
Kowalski, Dariusz, Beata Kowalska, Tomasz Bławucki, Paweł Suchorab, and Krzysztof Gaska. "Impact Assessment of Distribution Network Layout on the Reliability of Water Delivery." Water 11, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030480.
Анотація:
The process of shaping distribution network structures is one of the most fundamental design tasks, and determines the delivery certainty of media transported by them. It is especially crucial with reference to network elements of a critical character, such as roads or water supply, sewage, or electrical networks. In urban conditions, the geometric shaping of these structures has a quasi-chaotic character that is individual for each network and city. The complexity of these networks increases significantly with the size of a city, and therefore the evaluation of water delivery certainty is also a difficult issue. Despite many years of research, there is no universal method to evaluate this certainty. The objective of this paper is to present two original approaches: the number of minimal efficiency paths from a water source to reference consumption nodes, and the relation of this number to the fractal dimension of a network’s geometric structure. The developed methods were tested in the conditions of a few real water supply networks. The obtained results indicate that the analyzed methods can be used for the preliminary and relatively rapid evaluation of water delivery certainty.
33
Yerdessov, Nurbek Zharkinovich, Alua Omarova, and Chingiz Usmanovich Ismailov. "Provision of water supply and sanitation services in Karaganda region." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 111, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg3/216-223.
Анотація:
The article analyzes the coverage of water supply and sanitation services among the rural and urban population of Karaganda region; presents data on the length of networks and their technical condition, as well as the effectiveness of water disposal system facilities. The aim of the work: to study the degree of coverage of water supply and sanitation services and their technical condition among the rural and urban population of Karaganda region for the period 2010-2020. Retrospective analysis of secondary data with a depth of 10 years, form: “On the work of water supply and sewage facilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan”. Among 421 rural settlements of the region – 245 are provided with the centralized water supply (89,9%), 166 with the decentralized water supply (9,9%) and 8 with the transported water supply (0,2%). Coverage of the centralized water supply in urban areas of the region is 98%, coverage by the centralized sewage system is 78.43%. The length of water supply networks in rural areas tends to increase with an increase of 80.5%, the drainage system also increased by 81.2%. In urban areas, the length of networks remained unchanged. The coverage of the rural population with central water supply and sanitation significantly increased during the study period. The results of the research indicate that at present there is a significant imbalance between the provision of the population with centralized water supply and centralized water disposal. The technical condition of water supply and sewerage networks in rural areas remains at an unsatisfactory level, which leads to high losses and deterioration of drinking water quality.
34
Kulczyk-Dynowska, Alina, and Agnieszka Stacherzak. "Selected Elements of Technical Infrastructure in Municipalities Territorially Connected with National Parks." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 14, 2020): 4015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104015.
Анотація:
The article addresses the problem of selected technical infrastructure elements (e.g., water supply, sewage, gas networks) in municipalities territorially connected with Polish national parks. Therefore, the research refers to the specific areas: both naturally valuable and attractive in terms of tourism. The time range of the research covers the years 2003–2018. The studied networks were characterized based on the statistical analysis using linear ordering methods; synthetic measures of development were applied. It allowed the ranking construction of the examined municipalities in terms of the development level of water supply, sewage, and gas networks. The results show that the period 2003–2018 was characterized by a development of the analyzed networks in the vast majority of municipalities. Thus, the level of anthropopressure caused by the presence of local community and tourists in municipalities showed a decline. It is worth emphasizing that the infrastructure investments are carried out comprehensively. Favoring investments in the development of any of the abovementioned networks was not observed.
35
Alshami, Ahmad, Moustafa Elsayed, Saeed Reza Mohandes, Ahmed Farouk Kineber, Tarek Zayed, Ashraf Alyanbaawi, and Mohammed Magdy Hamed. "Performance Assessment of Sewer Networks under Different Blockage Situations Using Internet-of-Things-Based Technologies." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 14036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114036.
Анотація:
This study aims to model the performance of sewage networks under diverse blockage situations in terms of overflow occurrence using internet-of-things-based technologies in Hong Kong. To this end, a multi-stage methodological approach is employed, starting from collecting required data using smart sensors, utilizing novel data mining techniques, and using a case study simulation. From the results obtained, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) several sites under investigation are imbued with partial blockages, (2) the overall performance of the sewer network has a nonlinear relationship with the blockages in terms of the remaining time to overflow, (3) in cases of complete blockages, the sewer only takes few minutes to reach the manhole cover level that causes the system to experience overflow, and (4) cleaning work significantly improve the performance of the sewage network by 86%. The outcomes of this study provide a solid foundation for the concerned environmental engineers and decision-makers towards reducing the magnitude of sewer overflow and improving different aspects of our environment.
36
GONCHARENKO, D. F., O. V. STARKOVA, R. I. GUDILIN, and Yev H. DEGTYAR. "APPLICATION OF PNEUMATIC FORMWORK FOR REPAIR AND RESTORATION OF SEWER PIPELINES USING CLINKER BRICK AND POLYMER CONCRETE." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.230221.45.716.
Анотація:
Raising of problem. A significant part of wastewater in Ukrainian cities is discharged using sewer collectors with a diameter of 300 to 1 400 mm, the depth of which is within 3…8 m. A significant part of them is destroyed due to corrosion processes that take place in the surface space. Today, the problem of repair and restoration of sewerage networks is becoming especially relevant in connection with the increased requirements for environmental protection. Failure in sewer lines usually results in wastewater infiltration into groundwater and soil. During the repair and restoration of sewage collectors, open and closed methods of work are used. Taking into account that a significant part of sewage collectors passes through areas where there are no transport arteries, through agricultural land and have an insignificant depth of occurrence, and also the fact that their trough part, as a rule, cannot be destroyed due to corrosion, it is advisable to carry out repair and restoration work on them in an open way. Analysis of accidents on sewage collectors, which took place in different cities of Ukraine, showed that, as a rule, due to corrosion, intensive destruction of the roof of the collectors occurs. At the same time, the trough part of the collectors remains intact due to the fact that it is constantly filled with waste water. When repairing such sections of sewerage networks in recent years, operating organizations have been using polyethylene and fiberglass pipes. These smaller pipes are installed in the retained trough part, thus reducing the network diameter. The cost of new pipes is quite high, which in turn increases operating costs. The use of pneumatic formwork allows you to create a new collector, and as the main bearing element, you can use the saved tray part.
Purpose. Evaluation of the possibility of using known materials for the manufacture of pneumatic formwork, which will make it possible to carry out repair work to create a new vault using the trough part of the sewer collector as a supporting structure, which will significantly reduce repair costs compared to using pipes made of polymer materials.
Conclusion. The investigated samples of materials – fabric Mare 1400 and Hypolon (ORCA 828) – can be used for the manufacture of pneumatic formwork, since laboratory tests made it possible to conclude that there was no adhesion between concrete and material samples.
37
Hou, Yongmei, Xiaolong Liu, Guilin Han, Li Bai, Jun Li, and Yusi Wang. "The Impacts of Nitrogen Pollution and Urbanization on the Carbon Dioxide Emission from Sewage-Draining River Networks." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 10296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610296.
Анотація:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from river water have sparked worldwide concerns due to supersaturate CO2 levels in the majority of global rivers, while the knowledge on the associations among nitrogen pollution, urbanization, and CO2 emissions is still limited. In this study, the CO2 partial pressure (pCO2), carbon and nitrogen species, and water parameters in sewage-draining river networks were investigated. Extremely high pCO2 levels were observed in sewage and drainage river waters, such as Longfeng River, Beijing-drainage River, and Beitang-drainage River, which were approximately 4 times higher than the averaged pCO2 in worldwide rivers. Correlations of carbon/nitrogen species and pCO2 indicated that carbon dioxide in rural rivers and sewage waters primarily originated from soil aeration zones and biological processes of organic carbon/nitrogen input from drainage waters, while that in urban rivers and lakes was mainly dominated by organic matter degradation and biological respiration. Enhanced internal primary productivity played critical roles in absorbing CO2 by photosynthesis in some unsaturated pCO2 sampling sites. Additionally, higher pCO2 levels have been observed with higher NH4+-N and lower DO. CO2 fluxes in sewage waters exhibited extremely high levels compared with those of natural rivers. The results could provide implications for assessing CO2 emissions in diverse waters and fulfilling water management polices when considering water contamination under intense anthropogenic activities.
38
Bogdan, Lucyna, Grazyna Petriczek, and Jan Studzinski. "Mathematical modeling and computer aided planning of communal sewage networks." Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics & Intelligent Systems 8, no. 2 (April 7, 2014): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14313/jamris_2-2014/14.
39
Sanchez, Luis, Valentin Arroyo, Julio Garcia, Kalin Koev, and José Revilla. "Use of Neural Networks in Design of Coastal Sewage Systems." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 124, no. 5 (May 1998): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1998)124:5(457).
40
Wang, Wen Cheng, Ke Li, Zhong Xue Chen, and Qin Zhou Niu. "Soft Measurement Technique of Sewage Treatment Parameters Based on Wavelet Neural Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3168.
Анотація:
There are certain nonlinearity, time variability, randomness and uncertainty in the process of using sequencing batch sludge method in sewage treatment. Therefore, propose a soft measurement technique for sewage treatment parameters basing on the model of Kernel Principal Component Analysis and Wavelet Neural Network. Use Kernel Principal Component Analysis as concise as possible in the case of the input variables can ensure that a smaller amount of loss and combine WNN soft-measurement model and on-line measuring instruments together, do real-time detection for redox potential, dissolved oxygen, PH, COD and so on parameter control information .PLC controller outputs control signals to control the entire system equipment operation. The simulation results show that compared with traditional methods, there is good dynamic performance, fewer error, which is with good robustness and stability.
41
Karpf, Christian, Jens Traenckner, and Peter Krebs. "Hydraulic modelling of sewage exfiltration." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 8 (April 1, 2009): 1559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.172.
Анотація:
Exfiltration of waste water in sewer networks represents a potential danger for the soil and the aquifer. Various modelling approaches have been proposed to quantify sewerage exfiltration and its spatial and temporal variation. Common models are based on the law of Darcy, extended by a more or less detailed consideration of the expansion of leaks, the characteristics of the soil and the colmation layer. In the paper investigations are introduced, which are focused on the actual water content of the soil and its influence on exfiltration rates. Modelling results with HYDRUS 1D show, that under unsaturated conditions initial exfiltration rates are increased compared to saturated conditions. In experiments it was found, that the matrix potential increases the tightness of the colmation layer. Further a colmation model was deduced, which allows the calculation of the thickness and conductivity of the colmation layer.
42
Godoy Junior, Ederaldo, José Rui Camargo, João Lucio Mariano Da Silva, Ricardo Osmar De Jesus, José Luz Silveira, and José Roberto Bertoncello Danieletto. "Rational Use of Residential Digesters for Sewage Treatment with Carbon Credits." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 286–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.286.
Анотація:
The present work aims at decentralization of sewage treatment and eco-efficient way of enabling the deployment of residential digesters to treat only the water with high organic load without overloading the system, avoiding the drag of sludge and effluent untreated into the urban network of collection. For this purpose we developed a low-cost technology that treats sewage in the house of the citizen, thus avoiding that large stations aerobic treatment of sewage and its result regarding the large demands for energy and area: the generation and disposal of biogas smelly collection networks in urban, high production and disposal costs aerobic sludge, the disposal of sewage in fresh water bodies causing eutrophication of waters and spread of diseases hydro transmitted. The system proposed digester residential removes about 80% of the organic load of sewage without the use of any electromechanical element, and also allows to collect the biogas produced subsequently be used for energy or simply be burned to hygiene and / or crediting of carbon . Basically, the system comprises three anaerobic digesters in upflow sludge bed, arranged in series forming cascade phase separator with solid-liquid gas-shaped coil. Used to treat wastewater with high organic load coming from the toilet and the kitchen sink. Then the waters with low organic load coming from the baths, sinks and laundry, are used to dilute and improve the quality end of the anaerobically treated effluent in a sustainable manner. Social and environmental technology developed aligns with the guidelines of the National Water Agency and the Kyoto Protocol, whose goal is to reduce greenhouse gases.
43
Istók, Balázs, and Gergely Kristóf. "Dispersion and Travel Time of Dissolved and Floating Tracers in Urban Sewers." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2014-0001.
Анотація:
Abstract Environmental impacts of oil spills affecting urban sewage networks can be eliminated if timely intervention is taken. The design of such actions requires knowledge of the transport of surface pollutants in open channels. In this study we investigated the travel time and dispersion of pollutants by means of tracer experiments in sewage networks and a creek. The travel time of surface tracers has been found to be significantly shorter than that of a bulk flow tracer. The ratio of the travel times of a bulk flow tracer and surface tracers agreed with the known correlations obtained for rivers. An increasing tendency in the ratio of travel times has been observed for increasing bulk flow velocity. A segment-wise dispersion model was implemented in the existing hydraulic model of a sewer system. The simulation results were compared with the experimental observations. The dispersion rate of the bulk flow tracer has been found to obey Taylor’s mixing theory for long channels and was more intensive than that of surface tracers in community sewage channels.
44
MKRTCHYAN, Tariel Mher. "A NEW DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF SEDIMENT IN THE WASTEWATER NETWORK." Urban construction and architecture 3, no. 4S (December 15, 2013): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2013.s4.14.
Анотація:
An analyses of data of determine sediment degree in wastewater collector has been introduced in the article. Described the diffi culty of process and measurement tolerance of the sediment at present time. A new practical equipment for measuring sediments and fi lling of wastewater in the sewage networks has been provided and developed. Equipments measurement tolerance is 1-2 mm. The equipment is portable and easy to use in practice. Also it can be made and fi x in the sewage workshops.
45
Lee, Seung-Cheol, Hak-Joo Kwun, and Sung-Kwun Oh. "Design of Type-2 Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Modeling for Sewage Treatment Process." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 64, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 1469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2015.64.10.1469.
46
Cen, Lihui, and Yugeng Xi. "Sewage flow optimization algorithm for large-scale urban sewer networks based on network community division." Journal of Control Theory and Applications 6, no. 4 (November 2008): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11768-008-7040-z.
47
Sahar Ali Farahat and Nirmeen Adel Kishk. "Cognitive functions changes among Egyptian sewage network workers." Toxicology and Industrial Health 26, no. 4 (March 17, 2010): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233710364966.
Анотація:
The current work aimed at investigating the cognitive functions impairment among workers of sewer networks due to exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the relation of this impairment, if any, to the level of H2S exposure biomarker ‘urinary thiosulfate.’ Besides, the validity of using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) as screening test for cognitive impairment among the exposed workers was tested. The work was conducted among 33 sewage network maintenance male workers and a matched unexposed control group (n = 30). The participants were subjected to clinical neurological history, estimation of urinary thiosulfate, and assessment of cognitive dysfunction by using neurophysiological (simple reaction time, P300 test) and neuropsychological tests (Wechsler Memory Scale) and frontal executive functions tests. Clinical neurological history revealed significantly higher neurological symptoms (headache, memory defects, lack of concentration) among exposed workers compared to their controls (p < 0.05). Exposed workers had significantly prolonged simple reaction time and delayed P300 latency and showed poor performance of most of neuropsychological tests. Marked elevation of urinary thiosulfate was observed among the exposed workers (p < 0.001) but this elevation was not correlated with the duration of exposure or any of the other measured parameters. Exposed workers had significantly lower mean value of MMSE scoring than that of the controls (p < 0.001). In conclusion, exposure to H 2S among sewer network workers is associated with cognitive impairment, which can be screened by applying MMSE as a simple rapid test for H 2S occupationally exposed workers.
48
Wettstone, Erin G., Md Ohedul Islam, Lauren Hughlett, Claire Reagen, Tahmina Shirin, Mahbubur Rahman, Kawsar Hosan, et al. "Interactive SARS-CoV-2 dashboard for real-time geospatial visualisation of sewage and clinical surveillance data from Dhaka, Bangladesh: a tool for public health situational awareness." BMJ Global Health 8, no. 8 (August 2023): e012921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012921.
Анотація:
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, many dashboards were created to visualise clinical case incidence. Other dashboards have displayed SARS-CoV-2 sewage data, largely from countries with formal sewage networks. However, very few dashboards from low-income and lower-middle-income countries integrated both clinical and sewage data sets. We created a dashboard to track in real-time both COVID-19 clinical cases and the level of SARS-CoV-2 virus in sewage in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The development of this dashboard was a collaborative iterative process with Bangladesh public health stakeholders to include specific features to address their needs. The final dashboard product provides spatiotemporal visualisations of COVID-19 cases and SARS-CoV-2 viral load at 51 sewage collection sites in 21 wards in Dhaka since 24 March 2020. Our dashboard was updated weekly for the Bangladesh COVID-19 national task force to provide supplemental data for public health stakeholders making public policy decisions on mitigation efforts. Here, we highlight the importance of working closely with public health stakeholders to create a COVID-19 dashboard for public health impact. In the future, the dashboard can be expanded to track trends of other infectious diseases as sewage surveillance is increased for other pathogens.
49
Et al., Pratim Bhosale. "IOT BASED SYSTEM FOR DETECTION OF SEWAGE BLOCKAGES." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 961–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i1.224.
Анотація:
In smart cities, the Internet of Things(IoT) is a key aspect providing seamless and unique access to public resources, with the aim of achieving better utilization and optimization of power, water and transportation facilities. Today urban India is faced with a water crisis, about 80% of sewage enters lakes, rivers and groundwater untreated, due to the lack of effective wastewater infrastructure management. This research focuses mainly on monitoring of sewage infrastructure, to predict blockages, preventing them from turning into Sanitary Sewer Overflows (SSO). This paper proposes an IoT based full-fledged system to tackle this issue. The system monitors the working of access manholes in a network, collecting multiple data parameters, generated in and around these manholes, and sends alerts when the development of a blockage is detected. This geospatial data along with the alerts are observed via a centralized visual dashboard. Through this system, the objectives that the paper proposes to achieve, are generation of dynamic geo-spatial map of manhole networks, enabling the stakeholders to perform proactive maintenance of this infrastructure. Another goal of this work is to generate a data set for developing machine learning models for advanced maintenance methods.
50
Zhang, Rui, Huawei Zheng, Hui Zhang, and Feng Hu. "Study on the Influence of Social Capital on Farmers’ Participation in Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Nanjing, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 5, 2020): 2479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072479.
Анотація:
Rural domestic sewage treatment is not only an important part of the renovation of rural human settlements, but also a major measure to revitalize those areas. In the absence of extensive participation by farmers, it is difficult to achieve desired results. From the theoretical analysis of the influence of social capital on farmers’ participation, and based on the survey data of farmers in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, this study used a logistic model to analyze the influence of social capital and personal, family, and awareness characteristics of farmers on their participation levels. Social capital plays a significant role in promoting farmers’ participation, and the contribution of its core variables is in the following order: social norms > social trust > social networks. Among the control variables, the need for domestic sewage treatment, participation in environmental training, educational level, and participation in a village cadre significantly enhance farmers’ participation levels. Consequently, promotion of rural domestic sewage treatment should include improvement of farmers’ social trust, social norms, and social networks, to enhance social capital. Publicity and education should be reinforced, and environmental training should be carried out to improve farmers’ awareness and sense of responsibility, leading them to active participation.