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1
Socarrás Bertiz, Carlos Alberto, Juan Jesús Fernández Lozano, Jose Antonio Gomez-Ruiz, and Alfonso García-Cerezo. "Integration of a Mobile Node into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network for Urban Environments." Sensors 19, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010215.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Robots, or in general, intelligent vehicles, require large amounts of data to adapt their behavior to the environment and achieve their goals. When their missions take place in large areas, using additional information to that gathered by the onboard sensors frequently offers a more efficient solution of the problem. The emergence of Cyber-Physical Systems and Cloud computing allows this approach, but integration of sensory information, and its effective availability for the robots or vehicles is challenging. This paper addresses the development and implementation of a modular mobile node of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), designed to be mounted onboard vehicles, and capable of using different sensors according to mission needs. The mobile node is integrated with an existing static network, transforming it into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network (H-WSN), and adding flexibility and range to it. The integration is achieved without the need for multi-hop routing. A database holds the data acquired by both mobile and static nodes, allowing access in real-time to the gathered information. A Human–Machine Interface (HMI) presents this information to users. Finally, the system is tested in real urban scenarios in a use-case of measurement of gas levels.
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Belej, Olexander. "The Main Cluster Node Formation in Wireless Sensory Networks." Computer Design Systems. Theory and Practice, no. 1 (2020): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/cds2019.01.034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In wireless sensor networks, the clustering method is often used to transmit information, which is one of the most energy efficient approaches. Since the master cluster node interacts with other nodes in the network, a node with a high residual energy is selected to perform its functions. The technology of selecting the main node based on fuzzy logic, which involves the use of a number of input parameters, the effect of which is demonstrated in the article, is proposed.
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Shukur, Marwan Ihsan. "S-CDCA: a semi-cluster directive-congestion protocol for priority-based data in WSNs." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp438-444.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The internet of things (IoT) protocols and regulations are being developed forvarious applications includes: habitat monitoring, machinery control, general health-care, smart-homes and more. A great part of I0T comprised of sensors nodes in connected networks (i.e. sensor networks.). A sensor network is a group of nodes with sensory module and computational elements connected through network interfaces. The most interesting type of sensor networks are wireless sensor networks. The nodes here are connected through wirless interfaces. The shared medium between these nodes, creates different challenges. Congestion in such network is ineavitable. Different models andmethods were proposed to alleviate congestion in wireless sensor networks.This paper presents a semi-cluster directive congestion method that allivatenetwork congestion forpriority-baseddata transmission. The method simprove the network performance by implementing temporary cluster forlow level priority data packets while providing a clear link between highpriority data source node and the network base station. Simulation resultsshow that. The proposed method outperformes ad hocOn-demand distance vector (AODV) reactive procotol approach and priority-based congestion control dynamic clustering (PCCDC) a cluster-based methodin network energy consumption and control packets overhead during network operation.The proposed method also shows comparative improvments in end-to-enddelays versus PCCDC.
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Yoon, Ikjune, and Dong Noh. "Energy-Aware Control of Data Compression and Sensing Rate for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 9, 2018): 2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082609.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wireless rechargeable sensor nodes can collect additional data, which leads to an increase in the precision of data analysis, when enough harvested energy is acquired. However, because such nodes increase the amount of sensory data, some nodes (especially near the sink) may blackout because more transmitted data can make relaying nodes expend more energy. In this paper, we propose an energy-aware control scheme of data compression and sensing rate to maximize the amount of data collected at the sink, while minimizing the blackout time. In this scheme, each dominant node determines the data quota that all its descendant nodes can transmit during the next period, which operates with an efficient energy allocation scheme. Then, the node receiving the quota selects an appropriate data compression algorithm and sensing rate according to both its quota and allocated energy during the next period, so as not to exhaust the energy of nodes near the sink. Experimental results verify that the proposed scheme collects more data than other schemes, while suppressing the blackout of nodes. We also found that it adapts better to changes in node density and harvesting environments.
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Bondarchuk, Andrii, Zoreslava Brzhevska, Nadiia Dovzhenko, Anatoliy Makarenko, and Valentin Sobchuk. "THE RESEARCH OF PROBLEMS OF THE INFORMATION ALGORITHM FUNCTIONING IN THE PRESENCE OF PRESERVED NODES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS." Cybersecurity: Education Science Technique, no. 4 (2019): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2663-4023.2019.4.5461.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sensor networks are one of the most relevant and promising technologies for wide application in various spheres of human life. Relatively inexpensive components, namely, sensor nodes are combined into one network. Due to the use of a significant number of nodes, in addition to the overall impact on functionality, this also leads to a decrease in the reliability of the network. Wireless connectivity has a number of limitations when it comes to the direct connection to the public communications network or the next-generation networks with optical components. For example, the relatively small distance to send information between constituent components. It follows next idea -sooner or later there will be the denial of nodes, which will lead to the isolation of other sensors. To avoid this, or at least to ensure the network connectivity during a failover, more nodes on a separate site need to be used. Also, due to the presence of connectivity between touch nodes, there are a number of general features that should be taken into account when designing such a network and deploying it in real-world conditions. One of these tasks is to ensure the accuracy of packets of information’s transfer between the sensor nodes, as violations of its integrity, quality, reliability and safety can lead to serious consequences. Due to insignificant volumes of memory, sensor nodes are not able to capture data about all nodes, their physical addresses, metrics for the fastest transmission of information packets. In view of this, the number of requests for the same node may exceed the critical rate at a certain time. However, there may also be a situation where a node that has not been earlier tested can be connected to the network. In this case, the question of the authenticity of the data that will circulate in the network from a similar, hidden node to others is sharply raised. Therefore, it is necessary to study the existing and the introduction of new algorithms for the transmission of information in the presence of hidden nodes in wireless sensory networks at the present stage of development.
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Ayedi, Mariem, Esraa Eldesouky, and Jabeen Nazeer. "Energy-Spectral Efficiency Optimization in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks Using Salp Swarm Algorithm." Journal of Sensors 2021 (January 15, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6683988.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Achieving high data rate transmission is critically constrained by green communication metrics in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). A unified metric ensuring a successful compromise between the energy efficiency (EE) and the spectral efficiency (SE) is, then, an interesting design criterion in such systems. In this paper, we focus on EE-SE tradeoff optimization in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) where signals penetrate through a challenging lossy soil medium and nodes’ power supply is critical. Underground sensor nodes gather and send sensory information to underground relay nodes which amplify-and-retransmit received signals to an aboveground sink node. We propose to optimize source and relay powers used for each packet transmission using an efficient recent metaheuristic optimization algorithm called Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). Thus, the optimal source and relay transmission powers, which maximize the EE-SE tradeoff under the maximum allowed transmission powers and the initial battery capacity constraints, are obtained. Further, we study the case where the underground medium properties are dynamic and change from a transmission to another. For this situation, we propose to allocate different maximum node powers according to the soil medium conditions. Simulation results prove that our proposed optimization achieves a significant EE-SE tradeoff and prolongs the network’s lifetime compared to the fixed allocation node power scheme. Additional gain is obtained in case of dynamic medium conditions.
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Saleh Almurisi, Nasr Musaed, and Tadisetty Srinivasulu. "A novel scheme for energy-efficient bridge layer in sensor-cloud." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i2.pp1048-1056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<span>Recently, Sensor-Cloud has been widely utilized in various domains, providing real-time monitoring and remote observations. The sensory data is collected from different heterogeneous WSNs, uploaded to the cloud, virtualized, and served for many user applications. However, the survivability of the physical sensors is a challenge, where the nodes are battery-powered and must be utilized wisely. The need is to extend their lifetime and, thus, ensuring cloud functionality and user satisfaction. In this paper, we address the energy-efficiency of the physical sensors in the Sensor-Cloud paradigm. We propose a new scheme based on layered architecture, in which data transmitted to the cloud through a multi-hop routing. The new scheme introduces a novel algorithm to define a set of nodes called the bridge layer, receiving data from the cluster-head-layer and forwards to the sink node layer. Nodes in the bridge layer are selected according to their final score defined based on their energy-efficiency and distance-efficiency as given by the algorithm. Thus, ensuring a robust layer that helps in reducing the transmission energy and extending overall network lifetime. Our simulation results show an improved performance of our scheme over the scenario without the bridge layer, in terms of several parameters we considered.</span>
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Kvasnikov, V., and A. Dudnik. "Scientific Basis of Distance Determination Between Objects by the Computerized Systems of Mechanical Quantities Measurement." Metrology and instruments, no. 3 (March 7, 2018): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(3)2018.21-26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, wireless technologies are increasingly used in information measuring systems. The article will describe the concept of using wireless sensory networks (WSN) as a computerized system for measuring mechanical quantities, namely, the distance (object localization). Wireless sensor networks consist of a large number of sensory nodes that are used to control a particular area. This type of network has become popular due to its application, which includes several areas, such as environmental, medical, industrial, household, agricultural and meteorological.
In this article it is proposed to consider sensor networks as a kind of computerized systems for measuring mechanical quantities, for example, measuring the distance between objects and analyzing the measurement error. It is proposed to describe the mathematical model of this problem, as well as formulate the basic definitions of system elements.
In this work a structural diagram of the measuring device of a wireless sensor network, consisting of a sensor, a microcontroller, a power element and a transceiver was constructed. The mathematical model of determination of coordinates in a wireless sensor network is proposed, which includes the distance between adjacent nodes, the number of sensor nodes forming the system of equations and the distribution function. A number of definitions have been introduced that characterize the process of establishing the current state of the node of the sensor network, namely: Defined nodes, Anchor nodes, Units of additional information, Localization problem. The criteria for classification of localization algorithms are defined, namely: data identification, data correlation, node addressing, network management, geographic algorithms. A study of a mathematical model was conducted. The purpose of these studies was to find new alternative methods for determining the distance between objects, which, in addition to the classical means of measuring mechanical quantities, was proposed to use the function of localization of objects of wireless sensor networks. As a result of the research, the error of the localization of the nodes of the sensor network was estimated. The experiment data with the model of the sensor network made it possible to analyze the possible ways to reduce the localization error in further research.
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Liu, Liang, Zhenhai Hu, and Lisong Wang. "Energy-efficient and privacy-preserving spatial range aggregation query processing in wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 7 (July 2019): 155014771986100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719861005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The existing privacy-preserving aggregation query processing methods in sensor networks rely on pre-established network topology and require all nodes in the network to participate in query processing. Maintaining the topology results in a large amount of energy overhead, and in many cases, the user is interested only in the aggregated query results of some areas in the network, and thus, the participation of the entire network node is not necessary. Aiming to solve this problem, this article proposes a spatial range aggregation query algorithm for a dynamic sensor network with privacy protection (energy-efficient privacy-preserving data aggregation). The algorithm does not rely on the pre-established topology but considers only the query area that the user is interested in, abandoning all nodes to participate in distributing the query messages while gathering the sensory data in the query range. To protect node data privacy, Shamir’s secret sharing technology is used to prevent internal attackers from stealing the sensitive data of the surrounding nodes. The analysis and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of energy and privacy protection.
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Yadav, Ramnaresh, Keshav Singh, Sudip Biswas, and Ashwani Kumar. "Multi-User AF Relay Networks with Power Allocation and Transfer: A Joint Approach." Energies 12, no. 16 (August 16, 2019): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12163157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Internet-of-Things (IoT) framework has been considered as an enabler of the smart world where all devices will be deployed with extra-sensory power in order to sense the world as well as communicate with other sensor nodes. As a result, smart devices require more energy. Therefore, energy harvesting (EH) and wireless power transfer (WPT) emerge as a remedy for relieving the battery limitations of wireless devices. In this work, we consider a multi-user amplify-and-forward (AF)-assisted network, wherein multiple source nodes communicate with destination nodes with the help of a relay node. All the source nodes and the relay node have the capability of EH. In addition, to cope with a single point of failure i.e., failure of the relay node due to the lack of transmit power, we consider the WPT from the source nodes to the relay node. For WPT, a dedicated energy control channel is utilized by the source nodes. To maximize the sum rate using a deadline, we adopt a joint approach of power allocation and WPT and formulate an optimization problem under the constraints of the battery as well as energy causality. The formulated problem is non-convex and intractable. In order to make the problem solvable, we utilize a successive convex approximation method. Furthermore, an iterative algorithm based on the dual decomposition technique is investigated to get the optimal power allocation and transfer. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed iterative algorithm.
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Mayton, Brian, Gershon Dublon, Spencer Russell, Evan F. Lynch, Don Derek Haddad, Vasant Ramasubramanian, Clement Duhart, Glorianna Davenport, and Joseph A. Paradiso. "The Networked Sensory Landscape: Capturing and Experiencing Ecological Change Across Scales." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 26, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 182–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres_a_00292.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
What role will ubiquitous sensing play in our understanding and experience of ecology in the future? What opportunities are created by weaving a continuously sampling, geographically dense web of sensors into the natural environment, from the ground up? In this article, we explore these questions holistically, and present our work on an environmental sensor network designed to support a diverse array of applications, interpretations, and artistic expressions, from primary ecological research to musical composition. Over the past four years, we have been incorporating our ubiquitous sensing framework into the design and implementation of a large-scale wetland restoration, creating a broad canvas for creative exploration at the landscape scale. The projects we present here span the development and wide deployment of custom sensor node hardware, novel web services for providing real-time sensor data to end user applications, public-facing user interfaces for open-ended exploration of the data, as well as more radical UI modalities, through unmanned aerial vehicles, virtual and augmented reality, and wearable devices for sensory augmentation. From this work, we distill the Networked Sensory Landscape, a vision for the intersection of ubiquitous computing and environmental restoration. Sensor network technologies and novel approaches to interaction promise to reshape presence, opening up sensorial connections to ecological processes across spatial and temporal scales.
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Zhang, Meiyan, and Wenyu Cai. "Data Collecting and Energy Charging Oriented Mobile Path Design for Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks." Journal of Sensors 2022 (April 8, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5004507.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Energy efficiency is one of the most important concerns in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). As far as we know, almost all energy efficiency researches of WSNs focus on energy conservation in some respects such as wireless data transmission and minimal data collection. Recently, wireless energy transfer has been a promising technology to prolong the lifetime of microsensor nodes, and so the traditional WSNs can be extended to rechargeable WSNs. Rechargeable WSNs is a new type of wireless sensor networks, where each sensor node can replenish energy through wireless charging. For rechargeable WSNs, it is powered by reusable energy or harvested energy, so the energy efficiency problem can be completely solved. Furthermore, mobile data collection has been well recognized to have significant advantages over sensory data collection manner using static sinks. In this paper, by employing one or multiple recharging sinks to replenish energy for sensor nodes and collect sensory data concurrently, we propose a novel wireless charging and mobile data collecting method based on self-organizing map (SOM) unsupervised learning for rechargeable WSNs. In other words, the sink mobility and energy replenishment are jointly considered in this paper. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through software simulation. Extensive results verify that the performance of the proposed algorithm can reduce the travel cost of mobile sink and improve the residual energy level for sensor nodes. As a results, it is very promising in the field of data acquisition in wireless sensor networks.
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Scrugli, Matteo Antonio, Paolo Meloni, Carlo Sau, and Luigi Raffo. "Runtime Adaptive IoMT Node on Multi-Core Processor Platform." Electronics 10, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212572.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) paradigm is becoming mainstream in multiple clinical trials and healthcare procedures. Thanks to innovative technologies, latest-generation communication networks, and state-of-the-art portable devices, IoTM opens up new scenarios for data collection and continuous patient monitoring. Two very important aspects should be considered to make the most of this paradigm. For the first aspect, moving the processing task from the cloud to the edge leads to several advantages, such as responsiveness, portability, scalability, and reliability of the sensor node. For the second aspect, in order to increase the accuracy of the system, state-of-the-art cognitive algorithms based on artificial intelligence and deep learning must be integrated. Sensory nodes often need to be battery powered and need to remain active for a long time without a different power source. Therefore, one of the challenges to be addressed during the design and development of IoMT devices concerns energy optimization. Our work proposes an implementation of cognitive data analysis based on deep learning techniques on resource-constrained computing platform. To handle power efficiency, we introduced a component called Adaptive runtime Manager (ADAM). This component takes care of reconfiguring the hardware and software of the device dynamically during the execution, in order to better adapt it to the workload and the required operating mode. To test the high computational load on a multi-core system, the Orlando prototype board by STMicroelectronics, cognitive analysis of Electrocardiogram (ECG) traces have been adopted, considering single-channel and six-channel simultaneous cases. Experimental results show that by managing the sensory node configuration at runtime, energy savings of at least 15% can be achieved.
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Liu, Bin, and Hongbo Zhu. "Energy-Effective Data Gathering for UAV-Aided Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 19, no. 11 (May 31, 2019): 2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112506.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are capable of serving as a data collector for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we investigate an energy-effective data gathering approach in UAV-aided WSNs, where each sensor node (SN) dynamically chooses the transmission modes, i.e., (1) waiting, (2) conventional sink node transmission, (3) uploading to UAV, to transmit sensory data within a given time. By jointly considering the SN’s transmission policy and UAV trajectory optimization, we aim to minimize the transmission energy consumption of the SNs and ensure all sensory data completed collected within the given time. We take a two-step iterative approach and decouple the SN’s transmission design and UAV trajectory optimization process. First, we design the optimal SNs transmission mode policy with preplanned UAV trajectory. A dynamic programming (DP) algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal transmission policy. Then, with the fixed transmission policy, we optimize the UAV’s trajectory from the preplanned trace with recursive random search (RRS) algorithm. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme achieves significant energy savings gain over the benchmark schemes.
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Wang, Peter L., Rafael S. Czepielewski, and Gwendalyn J. Randolph. "Sensory Nerves Regulate Transcriptional Dynamics of Lymph Node Cells." Trends in Immunology 42, no. 3 (March 2021): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2021.01.008.
Повний текст джерела
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Gao, R. X., and Z. Fan. "Architectural Design of a Sensory Node Controller for Optimized Energy Utilization in Sensor Networks." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 55, no. 2 (April 2006): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2006.870321.
Повний текст джерела
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Kaur, Ravneet Pal, and Maninder Singh. "An Energy Efficient Routing Scheme for Mobile Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sink." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 8 (August 30, 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i8.32.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes find the route towards the sink to transmit the sensory information such as temperature, pressure etc of a particular area. The sensor nodes transmit the data directly to sink or it relays the data through neighbor nodes using single or multi-hop links. Each time when nodes send their data to static sink, the data is passed through the nearer nodes of sink to it. As soon as the nodes near to the sink become dead, the entire network will be useless as there will be no communication to the sink node. So, to conserve the energy we use mobile sink approach. Thus with the inclusion of mobile sink in WSN, new paradigm called mobile wireless sensor network came into existence. In this paper, to conserve energy and to perform energy efficient routing, we have proposed chain-based energy efficient routing scheme for mobile wireless sensor network (CB-EERM)which is using mobile sink and media access approach where sink moves from one position to another position in sensor field and sojourn at a particular location to collect the whole aggregated data from the various leader(aggregator)nodes in chain using media access approach. The proposed mobile scheme CB-EERM is validated through simulation and compared with traditional static approach using metrics such as energy consumption, throughput, delay and packet delivery ratio where proposed approach outperforms the existing scheme.
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Shrivastava, Rahul, Prabhat Kumar, and Sudhakar Tripathi. "A Human Memory Process Modeling." Recent Patents on Engineering 14, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872212113666190211145444.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: The cognitive models based agents proposed in the existing patents are not able to create knowledge by themselves. They also did not have the inference mechanism to take decisions and perform planning in novel situations. Objective: This patent proposes a method to mimic the human memory process for decision making. Methods: The proposed model simulates the functionality of episodic, semantic and procedural memory along with their interaction system. The sensory information activates the activity nodes which is a binding of concept and the sensory values. These activated activity nodes are captured by the episodic memory in the form of an event node. Each activity node has some participation strength in each event depending upon its involvement among other events. Recalling of events and frequent usage of some coactive activity nodes constitute the semantic knowledge in the form of associations between the activity nodes. The model also learns the actions in context to the activity nodes by using reinforcement learning. The proposed model uses an energy-based inference mechanism for planning and decision making. Results: The proposed model is validated by deploying it in a virtual war game agent and analysing the results. The obtained results show that the proposed model is significantly associated with all the biological findings and theories related to memories. Conclusion: The implementation of this model allows humanoid and game agents to take decisions and perform planning in novel situations.
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Ozcinar, B., V. Ozmen, S. A. Guler, B. M. Gulluoglu, N. Kocaman, M. Ozkan, M. E. Muslumanoglu, A. Igci, M. Kecer, and T. Dagoglu. "Complications of local/regional treatment of breast cancer and quality of life." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e11597-e11597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e11597.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
e11597 The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate early and late complications of different surgical procedures, and compare conservative surgical treatments (breast conserving surgery, sentinel lymph node biopsy) to more radical ones (mastectomy, axillary lymph node dissection), and find factors that were related to these complications. 218 early stage breast cancer patients (stage I and II) were enrolled in this study. Physical complications (restrictions in shoulder motions, shoulder functional capacity, pain, lymphedema and sensory loss), psychological complications and the factors related to these complications were studied in patients after breast cancer surgery and/or radiotherapy at first week, at 9th-12th months and at mean follow up time of 34 months. Lymphedema rates after surgery were 14.7 %, 24.8% and 17.0% at first week, 9th-12th months, and long term respectively. In early postoperative period, pain and functional capacity of the effected shoulder were worse than preoperatively measured values and all axis of motion of shoulder joint were effected significantly. On the other hand, at 9th-12th months, only internal flexion was still affected. At the long term period, all axis of motion of shoulder joint, pain and functional capacity were in normal range as before treatment. The factors related to lymphedema were axillary lymph node dissection (p=0.002), radiation therapy to axillae (p<0.001). The patients who had both axillary lymph node dissection and axillary radiotherapy had more lymphedema than the patients who only had axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy (p=0.004). The factors related to postoperative depression at early period were cigarette smoking (p=0.008), axillary lymph node dissection (p=0.045) and arm lymphedema (p=0.005). At long term period they were axillary lymph node dissection (p=0.021), mastectomy (p=0.036), drain usage (p=0.028) and sensory loss (p=0.027). The patients who had sentinel lymph node biopsy, axillary dissection without axillary radiotherapy had better quality of life. The patients with cigarette smoking, axillary lymph node dissection, mastectomy, drain, lymphedema and sensory loss had increased incidence of depression than others, these results were statistically significant. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Parande, Somu, and Jayashree D. Mallapur. "Tactical approach to identify and quarantine spurious node participation request in sensory application." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 3451. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp3451-3459.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Securing Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) from variable forms of adversary is still an open end challenge. Review of diversified security apprroaches towards such problems that they are highly symptomatic with respect to resiliency strength against attack. Therefore, the proposed system highlights a novel and effective solution that is capable of identify the spurios request for participating in teh network building process from attacker and in return could deviate the route of attacker to some virtual nodes and links. A simple trust based mechanism is constructed for validating the legitimacy of such request generated from adversary node. The proposed system not only presents a security solution but also assists in enhancing the routing process significantly. The simulated outcome of the study shows that proposed system offers significantly good energy conservation, satisfactory data forwarding performance, reduced processing time in contrast to existing standard security practices.
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Le, Nhan Trong, Nguyen Tran Huu Nguyen, and Pham Le Song Ngan. "Generic framework for industrial 4.0 applications based on internet of things." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 3, SI1 (November 9, 2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v3isi1.513.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Internet of Things (IoTs) is a network of interconnected devices, transportations, home appliances, and other devices. They are functionally embedded in electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity that allows them to connect and exchange information. On the basis of the IoT concept, implementations are gradually being proposed in a range of areas, ranging from smart house, smart office and smart agriculture. In this research paper, a generic framework for smart monitoring applications based on the IoTs network is proposed. In this framework, low-powered sensor nodes are based on the micro:bit platform, providing a multiple footprints for different sensor connections. The wireless capability on micro:bit provides a complete solution to deploy the system in such places that wire is impractical to draw. The data is wirelessly gathered by a basestation node that is powered by Android Things operating system provided by Google. This operating system is based on the Android platform for smart devices and Internet of Things products. The approach to this framework indicates a low cost and minimum setup and especially amenable for applications control. To support many applications with minimum modifications, the framework is designed for easy expansion by supporting popular serial connection ports, including the Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter and Serial Peripheral Interface. With these connections, on one line data bus, several sensors can be added to match the different application requirements. In this paper, our platform is validated for an automatic water monitoring in aquaculture based on the temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen sensory data. Through our framework, the data is uploaded to a cloud for remote monitoring and providing alarms for users whenever the data is out of a predefined safe domain.
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Hallin, R. G., R. Ekedahl, and O. Frank. "Electrophysiological Evidence of Ranvier Node Clustering in Human Sensory Nerve Fascicles." Somatosensory & Motor Research 11, no. 4 (January 1994): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08990229409028873.
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Yamanouchi, K. "Relations between pain and sensory disturbances after axillary lymph node dissection." European Journal of Cancer 38, no. 11 (March 2002): S136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(02)80445-2.
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Aihara, Ikkyu, Daichi Kominami, Yasuharu Hirano, and Masayuki Murata. "Mathematical modelling and application of frog choruses as an autonomous distributed communication system." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 1 (January 2019): 181117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181117.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Interactions using various sensory cues produce sophisticated behaviour in animal swarms, e.g. the foraging behaviour of ants and the flocking of birds and fish. Here, we investigate the behavioural mechanisms of frog choruses from the viewpoints of mathematical modelling and its application. Empirical data on male Japanese tree frogs demonstrate that (1) neighbouring male frogs avoid call overlaps with each other over a short time scale and (2) they collectively switch between the calling state and the silent state over a long time scale. To reproduce these features, we propose a mathematical model in which separate dynamical models spontaneously switch due to a stochastic process depending on the internal dynamics of respective frogs and also the interactions among the frogs. Next, the mathematical model is applied to the control of a wireless sensor network in which multiple sensor nodes send a data packet towards their neighbours so as to deliver the packet to a gateway node by multi-hop communication. Numerical simulation demonstrates that (1) neighbouring nodes can avoid a packet collision over a short time scale by alternating the timing of data transmission and (2) all the nodes collectively switch their states over a long time scale, establishing high network connectivity while reducing network power consumption. Consequently, this study highlights the unique dynamics of frog choruses over multiple time scales and also provides a novel bio-inspired technology that is applicable to the control of a wireless sensor network.
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Nugroho, Rino, Mahar Faiqurahman, and Zamah Sari. "Implementasi Push Message Dengan Menggunakan Restful Web Service Pada Komunikasi Wireless Sensor." Jurnal Repositor 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/repositor.v2i1.207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of one or more nodes even numbering thousands. The nodes in the wireless sensor network (WSN) consist of sensor nodes and sink nodes. The use of wireless sensors on the network can form a node that can communicate with each other. The communication process generally uses a pull mechanism that precedes the data query process from the node to node sensor that provides sensing data. In some wireless sensor node architecture, this pull mechanism is considered less effective because the node sink must first request data to the sensor node. Alternative, a push message mechanism can be used to transmit sensed data within specified or determined time intervals.In this research is implemented push message mechanism by using restful web service in wireless sensor communications. Test results on the delivery of data by push data transmission obtained to sink nodes alternately in accordance with the order of destination address listed or stored in memory sensor node. And in doing data delivery to be efficient in the absence of data requests at any time.
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Tian, Zuo Xi, Z. Dong, G. Y. Yang, and C. J. Chen. "Multi-Sensor Network Design Based on Intelligent Node." Applied Mechanics and Materials 50-51 (February 2011): 992–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.50-51.992.
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To resolve the problem of data transmitting in multi-sensor network possessing of a lot of sensors and processing sensors signals on the same time base and transmitting the results remotely, a three classes’ bus topology structure based on intelligent node was designed. The system comprised scene devices, transmission cable, and console. The scene devices included several gateways, more nodes and sensor groups. The console communicated remotely with gateways via Ethernet, and gateway communicated with nodes via CAN bus, each node managed a group of sensors via RS-485 bus. The designs of intelligent node were presented in detail including hardware design, transport protocols, as well as program flow. Above conceptual design was applied successfully in a certain multi-sensor network system principle prototype consisting of a console, a gateway and three nodes possessing of ten sensors. The results prove the conceptual design feasible.
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Eiras, Fabio Cocchi da Silva, and Wagner Luiz Zucchi. "A Statistical Method for Area Coverage Estimation and Loss Probability Analysis on Mobile Sensor Networks." Proceedings 42, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06531.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sensor networks are formed by fixed or mobile sensor nodes and their functions are to capture the events that occur within a certain area and then relay to a central node. Normally, sensor nodes are not able to transmit or receive information over long distances due to the need to use less energy and thus extend their useful life. Therefore, the number of sensor nodes in a given area directly influences the coverage of this area and the ability of information to be relayed by several sensors to the central node. If there are many missed messages, the application will have its performance compromised. In this paper, we use a statistical method based on Monte Carlo approach to estimate the probability of message loss and area coverage. The position and proper motion of the sensors are randomly chosen and from that we estimate how many nodes can communicate with the central node directly or through another sensor working as relay. The free variables in our analysis are node density, node displacement velocity, and sensor quantity. The results obtained are compared analytically with simple cases in order to validate the results obtained by the simulations performed.
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Talib, Mohammed Saad. "Minimizing the Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 26, no. 1 (December 19, 2017): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i1.349.
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Energy in Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs) represents an essential factor in designing, controlling and operating the sensor networks. Minimizing the consumed energy in WSNs application is a crucial issue for the network effectiveness and efficiency in terms of lifetime, cost and operation. Number of algorithms and protocols were proposed and implemented to decrease the energy consumption. Principally, WSNs operate with battery-powered sensors. Since Sensor's batteries have not been easily recharge. Therefore, prediction of the WSN represents a significant concern. Basically, the network failure occurs due to the inefficient sensor's energy. MAC protocols in WSNs achieved low duty-cycle by employing periodic sleep and wakeup. Predictive Wakeup MAC (PW-MAC) protocol was made use of the asynchronous duty cycling. It reduces the consumption of the node energy by allowing the senders to predict the receiver′s wakeup time. The WSN must be applied in an efficient manner to utilize the sensor nodes and their energy to ensure effective network throughput. To ensure energy efficiency the sensors' duty cycles must be adjusted appropriately to meet the network traffic demands. The energy consumed in each node due to its switching between the active and idle states was also estimated. The sensors are assumed to be randomly deployed. This paper aims to improve the randomly deployed network lifetime by scheduling the effects of transmission, reception and sleep states on the energy consumption of the sensor nodes. Results for these states with much performance metrics were also studied and discussed.
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Fei, Changjiang, Baokang Zhao, Wanrong Yu, and Chunqing Wu. "Towards Efficient Data Collection in Space-Based Internet of Things." Sensors 19, no. 24 (December 13, 2019): 5523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245523.
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Due to the strong anti-destructive ability, global coverage, and independent infrastructure of the space-based Internet of Things (S-IoT), it is one of the most important ways to achieve a real interconnection of all things. In S-IoT, a single satellite can often achieve thousands of kilometers of coverage and needs to provide data transmission services for massive ground nodes. However, satellite bandwidth is usually low and the uplink and downlink bandwidth is extremely asymmetric. Therefore, exact data collection is not affordable for S-IoT. In this paper, an approximate data collection algorithm is proposed for S-IoT; that is, the sampling-reconstruction (SR) algorithm. Since the uplink bandwidth is very limited, the SR algorithm samples only the sensory data of some nodes and then reconstructs the unacquired data based on the spatiotemporal correlation between the sensory data. In order to obtain higher data collection precision under a certain data collection ratio, the SR algorithm optimizes the sampling node selection by leveraging the curvature characteristics of the sensory data in time and space dimensions. Moreover, the SR algorithm innovatively applies spatiotemporal compressive sensing (ST-CS) technology to accurately reconstruct unacquired sensory data by making full use of the spatiotemporal correlation between the sensory data. We used a real-weather data set to evaluate the performance of the SR algorithm and compared it with two existing representative approximate data collection algorithms. The experimental results show that the SR algorithm is well-suited for S-IoT and can achieve efficient data collection under the condition that the uplink bandwidth is extremely limited.
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Esmaeli, B. "Regional lymph node assessment for conjunctival melanoma: sentinel lymph node biopsy and positron emission tomography." British Journal of Ophthalmology 92, no. 4 (March 27, 2008): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2007.131615.
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Shoaf, Lisa Contos, and Mark A. Pitt. "Does node stability underlie the verbal transformation effect? A test of node structure theory." Perception & Psychophysics 64, no. 5 (July 2002): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03194746.
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Bogadhi, Amarender, Leor Katz, Anil Bollimunta, and Richard Krauzlis. "A node for hemi-spatial neglect in macaque temporal cortex." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.1219.
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Ahmed, Mohammed M. "SALP Swarm Optimization Approach for Maximization The Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network." Indian Journal of Data Communication and Networking 1, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijdcn.b5006.041221.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the maximization of a lifetime for wireless sensor networks is considered an important area for researchers. The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) contain two types of sensors that called sensor nodes and sink nodes which sensor node send information to the central node (sink node) that collected its data. Choosing the best location of sink node considered the critical problem that faces the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a method that choosing best location of a sink node by applying Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) after determining sink node location we create transmission paths between the sink node and rest of nodes using Prim's minimum spanning tree to choose shortest paths. Accordingly, for fitness function that used to decrease energy consumption for a network. Simulation results clarify that our proposed algorithm that solves localization of sink node presents the best results for prolonging the network's lifetime compared to Cat Swarm Optimization algorithm (CSA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
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Ahmed, Mohammed M. "SALP Swarm Optimization Approach for Maximization The Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network." Indian Journal of Data Communication and Networking 1, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijdcn.b5006.041221.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the maximization of a lifetime for wireless sensor networks is considered an important area for researchers. The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) contain two types of sensors that called sensor nodes and sink nodes which sensor node send information to the central node (sink node) that collected its data. Choosing the best location of sink node considered the critical problem that faces the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a method that choosing best location of a sink node by applying Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) after determining sink node location we create transmission paths between the sink node and rest of nodes using Prim’s minimum spanning tree to choose shortest paths. Accordingly, for fitness function that used to decrease energy consumption for a network. Simulation results clarify that our proposed algorithm that solves localization of sink node presents the best results for prolonging the network’s lifetime compared to Cat Swarm Optimization algorithm (CSA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
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Jaime, Karina, Gustavo Torres, Félix Ramos, and Gregorio Garcia-Aguilar. "A Cognitive Architecture for Visual Memory Identification." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 6, no. 2 (April 2014): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssci.2014040104.
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Memory is an important process of human behavior. In particular visual memory encode, store, and retrieve acquired knowledge about the environment. The visual memory system involves different kinds of processes, such as sensory input and short-term visual memory. The model presents a first approach for visual memory recognition that supports the three stages mentioned above. The model design is based on neuroscience results. The model consists of nodes. Each node represents a brain area that is involved in the visual memory system. The nodes run in a distributed system and send messages with visual memory information. This document presents only the memory system specifications that support a cognitive architecture for visual object identification. The authors validated the model with two case studies: known and unknown stimulus.
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Jain, Ramesh. "EventWeb: towards social life networks." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1987 (March 28, 2013): 20120384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0384.
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The Web has changed the way we live, work and socialize. The nodes in the current Web are documents and hence the current World Wide Web is a Document Web. Advances in technology and requirements of emerging applications require formation of a parallel and closely connected Web of events, the EventWeb, in which each node is an event. In this paper, we explore growth of EventWeb as a natural next step in the evolution of the Web with rich multimodal sensory information. Social networks use events extensively and have revolutionized communication among people. Mobile phones, equipped with myriads of sensors and being used by more than 75% of living humans, are bringing the next generation of social networks, not only to connect people with other people, but also to connect people with other people and essential life resources. We call these networks social life networks, and believe that this is the right time to focus efforts to discover and develop technology and infrastructure to design and build these networks and to apply them for solving some essential human problems.
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Benammar, Mohieddine A., Sabbir H. M. Ahmad, Abderrazak Abdaoui, Hasan Tariq, Farid Touati, Mohammed Al-Hitmi, and Damiano Crescini. "A Smart Rig for Calibration of Gas Sensor Nodes." Sensors 20, no. 8 (April 20, 2020): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082341.
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Electrochemical gas sensors require regular maintenance to check and secure proper functioning. Standard procedures usually involve testing and recalibration of the sensors, for which working environments are needed. Periodic calibration is therefore necessary to ensure reliable and accurate measurements. This paper proposes a dedicated smart calibration rig with a set of novel features enabling simultaneous calibration of multiple sensors. The proposed calibration rig system comprises a gas mixing system, temperature control system, a test chamber, and a process-control PC that controls all calibration phases. The calibration process is automated by a LabVIEW-based platform that controls the calibration environment for the sensor nodes, logs sensor data, and best fit equation based on interpolation for every sensor on the node and uploads it to the sensor node for next deployments. The communication between the PC and the sensor nodes is performed using the same IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) protocol that the nodes also use in field deployment for air quality measurement. The results presented demonstrate the effectiveness of the sensors calibration rig.
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Saihi, Marwa, Ahmed Zouinkhi, Boumedyen Boussaid, Mohamed Naceur Abdelkarim, and Guillaume Andrieux. "Hidden Gaussian Markov model for distributed fault detection in wireless sensor networks." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 40, no. 6 (March 15, 2017): 1788–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331217691334.
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Wireless sensor networks are based on a large number of sensor nodes used to measure information like temperature, acceleration, displacement, or pressure. The measurements are used to estimate the state of the monitored system or area. However, the quality of the measurements must be guaranteed to ensure the reliability of the estimated state of the system. Actually, sensors can be used in a hostile environment such as, on a battle field in the presence of fires, floods, earthquakes. In these environments as well as in normal operation, sensors can fail. The failure of sensor nodes can also be caused by other factors like: the failure of a module (such as the sensing module) due to the fabrication process models, loss of battery power and so on. A wireless sensor network must be able to identify faulty nodes. Therefore, we propose a probabilistic approach based on the Hidden Markov Model to identify faulty sensor nodes. Our proposed approach predicts the future state of each node from its actual state, so the fault could be detected before it occurs. We use an aided judgment of neighbour sensor nodes in the network. The algorithm analyses the correlation of the sensors’ data with respect to its neighbourhood. A systematic approach to divide a network on cliques is proposed to fully draw the neighbourhood of each node in the network. After drawing the neighbourhood of each node (cliques), damaged cliques are identified using the Gaussian distribution theorem. Finally, we use the Hidden Markov Model to identify faulty nodes in the identified damaged cliques by calculating the probability of each node to stay in its normal state. Simulation results demonstrate our algorithm is efficient even for a huge wireless sensor network unlike previous approaches.
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Kumar, Sumit, and Zahid Raza. "A Priority-Based Message Response Time Aware Job Scheduling Model for the Internet of Things (IoT)." International Journal of Cyber-Physical Systems 1, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcps.2019010101.
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The Internet of Things is seen as the progressive version of internet involving the transmission of information between things/objects with the aim of context-aware processing. The IoT can be anything ranging from home appliances, vehicles, almost anything networked and fitted with sensors, actuators or embedded computers. The IoT aims to make the internet sensory while maintaining a minimum quality of service (QoS) guarantee. In such an environment, job scheduling becomes very important, ensuring the minimum response time for message transfer. This work proposes an SCM based scheduling model for the IoT with the aim of minimization of the response time to optimize the scheduling performance of the underlying network and minimize the execution costs. After being serviced by a given node with its queue acting as a server for the message, appropriate next node for message forwarding is selected offering the least response time until the message reaches the destination. The effect of message scheduling to account for both the prioritized and non-prioritized message delivery has been studied.
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Kotsilieris, Theodore C., and George T. Karetsos. "Prolonging the Lifetime of Two-Tiered Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Relays." ISRN Sensor Networks 2013 (March 5, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/610796.
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We propose a clustering scheme for wireless sensor nodes in hierarchical wireless sensor networking architectures that employs mobile relay nodes in order to achieve energy conservation and network lifetime prolongation. The key aspects of our scheme are relay node relocation and reclustering when failures are detected. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated via simulations for various topology layouts based on the sensor node population and number of mobile relay nodes employed. The results show significant energy savings in particular for topologies with large numbers of sensors.
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Singh, Rajesh, Gajanand S. Birajdar, Mamoon Rashid, Anita Gehlot, Shaik Vaseem Akram, Ahmed Saeed AlGhamdi, and Sultan S. Alshamrani. "Hybrid Architectural Network Implementation to Realize a Fire Evacuation Path with 2.4 GHz Zigbee and LoRa." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 13238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313238.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is playing a significant role in realizing real monitoring. In fire safety and evacuation, early fire event detection using IoT-enabled sensors may help to control and minimize further consequences of the fire accident. In this study, we propose a hybrid architecture based on 2.4 GHz Zigbee and long-range (LoRa) for real-time fire detection, monitoring, and assisting in the safe evacuation of the building. The architecture comprises five different components, namely: end device, evacuation path display controller, safety operation controller, vision node, and gateway. The end device and vision node provide real-time sensory data and visuals that provide details of fire occurrence. The evacuation path display controller and the safety operation controller based on the 2.4 GHz Zigbee receive data from the end device and make the decision accordingly. In addition, a Zigbee simulation is performed on the OPNET simulator to analyze the network parameters such as throughput, retransmission attempts, medium access (MAC) queue size and queue delay, and packet delivery ratio (PDR). The evaluation metrics of link budget and ToA of LoRa are also calculated by varying the code rate and spreading factor. To realize the proposed architecture, customization of hardware is carried out with the development of hardware prototypes. Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm is implemented in the evacuation path display controller to provide the shortest evacuation path during a fire incident. The hardware of the system is implemented in real-time, and the system provides real-time sensor data along with the evacuation path.
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Prasetyo, Inung Bagus, Mahar Faiqurahman, and Zamah Sari. "Rancang Bangun Control dan Monitoring Sensor Node WSN Menggunakan Protokol Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT)." Jurnal Repositor 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/repositor.v2i1.476.
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The WSN network is increasingly gaining attention because of the potential for new and attractive solutions in the field of industrial automation, asset processing, environmental preparation and others. But there are some problems in building the WSN network. Sensor nodes must manage small, cost-effective, low-resource, node sensors must be managed properly with WSN networks Managing WSN networks, can be done by controlling sensor nodes such as giving commands to data transmission activities and monitoring to determine the condition of sensor nodes. The MQTT protocol with the type of publishing / subscription communication is designed with characteristics similar to the characteristics of the WSN network, which are simple, lightweight, energy efficient and easy to implement.In this study, a server will be implemented that can control and monitor the sensors of the WSN network node using the MQTT protocol. Then RTT parameters are used, Qo parameters include Delay, Jitter, Throughput, Packet Loss and sensor node memory condition parameters when using the MQTT protocol. The RTT and QoS scenarios use variations in data size of 16,32,48,64,80 and 96 bytes. Monitoring memory nodes, performing for 1 minute with a total of 30 data transmissions. The RTT parameter testing results are quite stable. QoS testing is very good with stable delay, jitter, increasing throughput, and 0% of data lost when packet loss testing. The Test Memory node sensor, shows erratic results.
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Slagelse, Charlotte, Karin L. Petersen, Jørgen B. Dahl, Kenneth Finnerup, Kaitlin Greene, Stanley P. Leong, Jon Levine, Michael Rowbotham, Mads U. Werner, and Nanna B. Finnerup. "Persistent postoperative pain and sensory changes following lymph node excision in melanoma patients." Melanoma Research 24, no. 2 (April 2014): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cmr.0000000000000041.
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Shahid, Nauman, Ijaz Haider Naqvi, and Saad Bin Qaisar. "SVM Based Event Detection and Identification: Exploiting Temporal Attribute Correlations Using SensGru." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/259508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the context of anomaly detection in cyber physical systems (CPS), spatiotemporal correlations are crucial for high detection rate. This work presents a new quarter sphere support vector machine (QS-SVM) formulation based on the novel concept ofattribute correlations. Our event detection approach, SensGru, groups multiple sensors on a single node and thus eliminates communication between sensor nodes without compromising the advantages of spatial correlation. It makes use of temporal-attribute (TA) correlations and is thus a TA-QS-SVM formulation. We show analytically that SensGru (or interchangeably TA-QS-SVM) results in a reduced node density and gives the sameevent detectionperformance as more denseSpatiotemporal-Attribute Quarter-Sphere SVM(STA-QS-SVM) formulation which exploits both spatiotemporal and attribute correlations. Moreover, this paper develops theoretical bounds on the internode distance, the optimal number of sensors, and the sensing range with SensGru so that the performance difference with SensGru and STA-QS-SVM is negligibly small. Both schemes achieve event detection rates as high as 100% and an extremely low false positive rate.
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Kioulachidis, Konstantinos, Elena Ailenei, Fardad Afshari, and Martina Mockova. "RARE PARANEOPLASTIC POLYNEUROPATHY SECONDARY TO SKIN MELANOMA." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, no. 11 (October 14, 2015): e4.65-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.157.
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Paraneoplastic diseases of peripheral and central nervous systems are rare manifestations of malignancies. Here we report a rare case of 51 year old male who presented with symmetrical progressive sensory and motor deficit over the course of one year. His past medical history included a malignant melanoma excised 5 years ago from the skin of interscapular region.His nerve conduction studies showed evidence of severe, symmetrical, predominantly sensory, axonal peripheral neuropathy. He under-went CT chest-abdomen-pelvis which showed large right axillary lymph nodes. Axillary Lymph node biopsy contained metastatic melanoma cells positive with MelanA and HMB 45. Analysis of the BRAF gene from biopsy sample cells revealed the presence of a mutation within codon 600 of the BRAF gene. All further investigations did not show evidence of any other type of tumour.Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect the motor, sensory and autonomic nervous systems and are associated with lung cancer, especially small-cell lung cancer, lymphoma and gynecological tumors. To our knowledge our case is the first report of paraneoplastic polyneuropathy secondary to malignant melanoma.The presence of paraneoplastic neuropathy should be considered in all patients with malignancy and can happen at any point in the disease prior or after induction of any treatment. We report rare case of malignant melanoma presenting with paraneoplastic polyneuropathy.
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Yang, Menglu. "Unmanned Driving Infringement Judgment Based on Wireless Sensor Network Data Mining." Journal of Sensors 2021 (November 2, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1599330.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the wireless sensor network unmanned driving infringement identification system, this paper focuses on the application of data mining technology and state machine technology and designs and implements a set of practical and effective. Self-driving cars can reduce the frequency of traffic accidents, alleviate urban traffic congestion, improve people’s travel efficiency, and lower the threshold of driving and other social values. The data processing program and a number of algorithms are given, and a complete set of data processing procedures and algorithms are proposed, including the collection of raw sensor data, the preprocessing of the collected data, and the feature extraction of the processed data. In the experiment, the unmanned driving infringement monitoring network was first designed to conduct real-time monitoring of unmanned driving infringements during transportation and application. Aiming at the characteristics of unmanned driving infringements, a monitoring network platform was designed for remote control and large-scale monitoring. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the unmanned driving infringement monitoring sensor network, the unmanned driving infringement node monitoring terminal is designed. The monitoring terminal part mainly designs the sensor module, the wireless communication module, the display warning module power module, and the data mining processing module. The sensor modules, respectively, include temperature, humidity, and concentration sensors, and the communication mode in the communication module mainly adopts Wi-Fi. At the same time, the research is based on wireless sensor network, combined with data mining technology, puts forward a sensory data display system model based on data mining technology, and conducts an in-depth analysis of the sensory data display system model, including the logical level of the system, system architecture, and functional modules. Finally, it focuses on the specific application of data mining technology in environmental information analysis and prediction, uses JAVA programming and realizes a data analysis and display system based on wireless sensor network, and verifies the accuracy of the data mining algorithm. The experimental results analyze the application of data mining technology in the driverless infringement determination system and use a large number of unmanned driving infringements to analyze the determination rules, so as to realize the interaction between active people and driverless cars.
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Ganesan, T., and Pothuraju Rajarajeswari. "Hybrid Genetic Algorithm With Haar Wavelet for Maximum Target Coverage Node Deployment in Wireless Sensor Networks." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 23, no. 3 (July 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.20210701.oa6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used in industrial applications and focused on target coverage and node connectivity based WSNs. The set of sensors and targets is placed in optimal position the target coverage and node connectivity achieving maximum with limited senor nodes. To resolve this problem, the proposed hybrid genetic algorithm combined with lifting wavelet multi-resolution principles for recognizing optimal position for sensors to cover entire targets present in the fields. The hybrid genetic algorithm randomly identifies each sensor position and 2D Haar lifting wavelet transform to improve the quality of target coverage by adjusting node position. The 2D Haar lifting decomposes the population matrix into the optimal position of sensors. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed hybrid genetic algorithm and fast local search method compared with available algorithms improves the target coverage and the number of nodes with varying and fixed sensing ranges with a different region.
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Babu, Deepak, and Sudipto Roy. "Left–right asymmetry: cilia stir up new surprises in the node." Open Biology 3, no. 5 (May 2013): 130052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.130052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the details of their structure, many of their functions demand a more lucid understanding. One such function, which remains as intriguing as the time when it was first discovered, is how beating cilia in the node drive the establishment of left–right asymmetry in the vertebrate embryo. The bone of contention has been the two schools of thought that have been put forth to explain this phenomenon. While the ‘morphogen hypothesis’ believes that ciliary motility is responsible for the transport of a morphogen preferentially to the left side, the ‘two-cilia model’ posits that the motile cilia generate a leftward-directed fluid flow that is somehow sensed by the immotile sensory cilia on the periphery of the node. Recent studies with the mouse embryo argue in favour of the latter scenario. Yet this principle may not be generally conserved in other vertebrates that use nodal flow to specify their left–right axis. Work with the teleost fish medaka raises the tantalizing possibility that motility as well as sensory functions of the nodal cilia could be residing within the same organelle. In the end, how ciliary signalling is transmitted to institute asymmetric gene expression that ultimately induces asymmetric organogenesis remains unresolved.
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Yu, Wenjin, Yong Li, and Yuangeng Xu. "Research on Pseudo-Node Detection Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 13, no. 03 (March 28, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i03.6864.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">With the wide application of the wireless sensor network, the security of the sensor network is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, based on node ranging, a new intrusion node detection algorithm has been proposed for external pseudo-node detection in wireless sensor networks. The presence of the nodes under copying-attack and the pseudo-nodes in the network can be detected through inter-node ranging with appropriate use of various sensors of nodes themselves and comprehensive analysis of ranging results. Operating in a stand-alone or embedded manner, this method has remedied the defects in the traditional principle of attack detection. The simulation results show that the proposed method has excellent applicability in wireless sensor security detection.</span>
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Trisnawan, Primantara Hari, Fariz Andri Bakhtiar, and Eko Sakti Pramukantoro. "Developing Actor-Based Middleware as Collector System for Sensor Data in Internet of Things (IoT)." Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 5, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jitecs.202051101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of Internet of Things (IoT) plays an important role in supporting wireless communication for middleware in collecting data sensors. An actor-based middleware is designed to bridge protocol differences between cloud and sensor nodes. This middleware also acts as an initiator in accessing data from several sensor nodes, and then sending data that has been collected to the cloud. Incorporating the differences of communication protocols and data formats between sensor nodes and cloud is the responsibility of middleware. This Middleware acts as an actor by acting proactively accessing data from each sensor node, so that it can facilitate the completion of sending data from the sensor node to the middleware by avoiding from "signal collisions” among sensor nodes. After the data is collected in the middleware, the data is sent to the cloud using the Websocket or HTTP protocol above the TCP / IP protocol. The performance of the system is evaluated based on the success of the middleware bridging communication between sensor nodes and the cloud, as well as the readability of IoT data sensors that have been adjusted by cloud. The test results show that built-in middleware can bridge protocols between cloud and sensor nodes. In addition, the Websocket usage protocol produces a lower delay value than the MQTT and CoAP protocols.