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Статті в журналах з теми "Sensitisation to allergens"
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Brand, Paul L. P., Richard M. Brohet, Olof Schwantje, and Lambert D. Dikkeschei. "Association between allergen component sensitisation and clinical allergic disease in children." Allergologia et Immunopathologia 50, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v50i2.598.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Allergen component sensitisation testing is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of peanut allergy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between sensitisation and symptoms of allergic disease in children by testing a large panel of inhalants, food allergens, and allergen components. Methods: For 287 children visiting our laboratory for allergy testing, symptoms of allergic disease were recorded by standardised validated questionnaires. Specific IgE to 11 whole allergens was assessed by ImmunoCAP, and to 112 allergen components by ISAC ImmunoCAP assay. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to distinguish clinical phenotypes. Results: Inhalant and food allergen sensitisation was common, irrespective of the children’s allergic symptom type. Less than 10% of the variance in symptom scores was explained by variations in the number of allergens (components) that the child was sensitised to. In LCA, 135 children (50.2%) had mild allergy, with few symptoms and sensitisation to no or few allergens, 74 children (27.5%) had more symptoms and sensitisation to inhalant allergens (respiratory allergy) and 60 children (22.3%) showed polysensitisation to a median of six allergens and had more severe symptoms of different organ systems. Adding allergen component test results to LCA failed to result in identifiable classes of allergic disease in children. Conclusions: In this group of children with allergic symptoms, referred for allergy testing by their physician, broad screening for allergen component sensitisation did not contribute to distinguishing phenotypes of allergic disease.
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Ribeiro, J. C., B. Sousa-Pinto, J. Fonseca, S. Caldas Fonseca, and L. M. Cunha. "Edible insects and food safety: allergy." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 7, no. 5 (August 13, 2021): 833–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2020.0065.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Edible insects are a unique food source, requiring extensive allergenic risk assessment before its safe introduction in the food market. In a recent systematic review, crustacean allergic subjects were identified as a risk group due to cross-reactivity mainly mediated by tropomyosin and arginine kinase. Immunologic co-sensitisation to house dust mites (HDM) was also demonstrated, but its clinical significance and molecular mechanisms were unclear. Furthermore, case reports of food allergy to insects were also analysed but lack of contextual information hindered the analysis. The main goal of this review is to provide an update of new information regarding food allergy caused by insects, covering relevant topics considering the guidelines for allergic risk assessment in novel foods. Newly published studies have further confirmed the role of tropomyosin as a cross-reactive allergen between edible insects and crustaceans, although there are some questions regarding the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-reactivity of this allergen in mealworm species. Furthermore, only specific treatments (enzymatic hydrolysis combined with thermal treatments) were able to eliminate IgE-reactivity of edible insects. Primary sensitisation (e.g. to Tenebrio molitor) has also been shown to be an important pathway for the development of food allergies, with responsible allergens being dependent on the route of sensitisation. However, more studies are necessary to better understand the potential of primary sensitisation causing cross-reactivity with other insect species, crustaceans or HDM. The clinical significance and molecular mechanisms involved in cross-reactivity between edible insects and HDM are still unclear, and a major focus should be given to better understand which allergens cause co-sensitisations between HDM and edible insects and what is the risk of HDM-only allergic subjects consuming edible insects. Contextual information about the reported cases of allergic reactions to insects have further demonstrated that insect-rearing workers and subjects with allergic diseases (in particular, food allergy to crustaceans) are the major risk groups.
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Zhang, Wei, Biao Xie, Meina Liu, and Yupeng Wang. "Associations between sensitisation to allergens and allergic diseases: a hospital-based case–control study in China." BMJ Open 12, no. 2 (February 2022): e050047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectivesTo assess the associations of sensitisation to common allergens with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in adults.DesignCase–control study.SettingData were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in Harbin, China.ParticipantsCases were 5111 patients with physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis (n=2631), allergic asthma (n=1320) and allergic rhinitis (n=1160) recruited from the department of allergy from March 2009 to December 2017. Controls were 2576 healthy adults who underwent physical examination at the same hospital during the same period.Main outcome measuresSpecific IgE levels to 16 common food, indoor and outdoor allergens were assessed in all participants. Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the association between allergen sensitisation and allergic diseases were estimated using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of allergen sensitisation was higher in patients with atopic dermatitis (indoor=17.14%, outdoor=12.85%, food=21.44%), allergic rhinitis (indoor=23.18%, outdoor=26.81%, food=8.94%) and allergic asthma (indoor=24.65%, outdoor=16.46%, food=14.31%) compared with controls (indoor=11.03%, outdoor=6.84%, food=5.83%). After adjustment for potential confounding variables, there was a dose–response relevance between the levels of allergen-specific IgE and allergic diseases (p trend <0.0001). The number of allergens to which a patient was sensitised increased the risk of allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis: highest adjusted OR=4.28, 95% CI 2.57 to 7.11; allergic rhinitis: highest adjusted OR=13.00, 95% CI 3.76 to 45.00; allergic asthma: OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.37).ConclusionThere was a dose–response relevance between levels of allergen-specific IgE and allergic diseases’ prevalence, and multiple sensitisations increased the risk of allergic diseases. This study provides evidence for the prophylaxis of allergic diseases.
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Tiew, Pei Yee, Fanny Wai San Ko, Sze Lei Pang, Sri Anusha Matta, Yang Yie Sio, Mau Ern Poh, Kenny J. X. Lau, et al. "Environmental fungal sensitisation associates with poorer clinical outcomes in COPD." European Respiratory Journal 56, no. 2 (April 27, 2020): 2000418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00418-2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionAllergic sensitisation to fungi such as Aspergillus are associated to poor clinical outcomes in asthma, bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis; however, clinical relevance in COPD remains unclear.MethodsPatients with stable COPD (n=446) and nondiseased controls (n=51) were prospectively recruited across three countries (Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong) and screened against a comprehensive allergen panel including house dust mites, pollens, cockroach and fungi. For the first time, using a metagenomics approach, we assessed outdoor and indoor environmental allergen exposure in COPD. We identified key fungi in outdoor air and developed specific-IgE assays against the top culturable fungi, linking sensitisation responses to COPD outcomes. Indoor air and surface allergens were prospectively evaluated by metagenomics in the homes of 11 COPD patients and linked to clinical outcome.ResultsHigh frequencies of sensitisation to a broad range of allergens occur in COPD. Fungal sensitisation associates with frequent exacerbations, and unsupervised clustering reveals a “highly sensitised fungal predominant” subgroup demonstrating significant symptomatology, frequent exacerbations and poor lung function. Outdoor and indoor environments serve as important reservoirs of fungal allergen exposure in COPD and promote a sensitisation response to outdoor air fungi. Indoor (home) environments with high fungal allergens associate with greater COPD symptoms and poorer lung function, illustrating the importance of environmental exposures on clinical outcomes in COPD.ConclusionFungal sensitisation is prevalent in COPD and associates with frequent exacerbations representing a potential treatable trait. Outdoor and indoor (home) environments represent a key source of fungal allergen exposure, amenable to intervention, in “sensitised” COPD.
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Al-Tamemi, Salem, Shafiq-Ur-Rehman Naseem, Munira Tufail-Alrahman, Mahmood Al-Kindi, and Jalila Alshekaili. "Food Allergen Sensitisation Patterns in Omani Patients with Allergic Manifestations." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 18, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.04.009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between food allergen sensitisation patterns and allergic manifestations in Omani patients and highlight the importance of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) testing. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients referred due to allergic manifestations to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH), Muscat, Oman, from November 2012 to November 2016. Specific IgE blood testing was performed to determine sensitisation to common foods known to cause allergic reactions. Results: A total of 164 patients were referred to SQUH over the study period, with 35.4% presenting with one allergic manifestation, 48.8% with 2–3 and 15.9% presenting with more than three manifestations. There was a familyhistory of allergies in 70.7% of patients. Eosinophil counts and total and specific IgE levels were elevated in 18.9%, 54.9% and 73.2% of patients, respectively. Patients demonstrated sensitisation to cow milk (47.6%), wheat (41.5%),chicken eggs (34.8%), mixed tree nuts (34.1%), lentils (33.5%), peanuts (32.9%), soy (32.3%), shrimp (23.2%) and fish (15.2%). Overall, 19.5% were sensitised to a single allergen, 14% were sensitised to 2–3 and 39.6% were sensitised to more than three allergens. Almost one-third (29.3%) of patients suffered from food-induced anaphylaxis, of which 85.4% were prescribed self-injectable adrenaline. Conclusion: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to describe food allergen sensitisation patterns among Omani patients with allergic manifestations. In conjunction with clinical symptoms, the correct interpretation of specific IgE levels is important to diagnose food allergies and make safe decisions about reintroducing foods.Keywords: Hypersensitivity; Food Allergies; Anaphylaxis; Urticaria; Atopic Dermatitis; Asthma; Immunoglobulin E; Oman.
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Sadaf Munir, Hammad Ahmad, Tayyib Ayub Alvi, Adnan Yousaf, Shahzad Akhter Kazi, and Tayyeba Manzoor. "Incidence of food and aero allergies among patients visiting Allergy center National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 72, no. 4 (April 5, 2022): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.1372.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: To identify the most common allergy type among patients visiting an urban allergy centre. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Allergy Centre of the National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan, from December 2019 to June 2020, and comprised subjects of either gender aged 20-50 years. Skin prick test was used to determine the skin reactivity for 11 common allergen extracts. Patients with a wheal diameter >3mm were considered positive. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 100 patients, 55(55%) were males and 45(45%) were females. The overall mean age was 34.03±8.16 years. Majority of the respondents 93(93%) were sensitive to aeroallergen, 7(7%) to food allergens, and 2(2%) exhibited sensitivity against both types of allergens. Poly-sensitisation was found among 86(86%) respondents. Conclusion: Aeroallergens were found to be the main triggering factor for allergies compared to the food allergens. Continue...
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Bergmann, Christoph, Rainer Ehmann, Galateja Jordakieva, Hans-Joerg Koehler, Dirk Straub, Eva Untersmayr, Ralph Dollner, and Annette Sperl. "Targeted micronutrition for allergic patients—possible applications of a food for special medical purposes." Allergo Journal International 30, no. 4 (May 19, 2021): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40629-021-00172-8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SummaryA novel and recently launched food for special medical purposes was discussed by a multidisciplinary expert panel as an option for allergic patients. The newly developed lozenge contains the whey protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) as well as the micronutrients iron, zinc and vitamin A. BLG loaded with ligands (holo-BLG) is discussed as one factor of the allergy-protective farm effect in numerous scientific studies. Further studies reveal that holo-BLG shuttles its ligands specifically to immune cells, where it balances the specific nutrient demand and can thus lead to immune resilience. Based on the scientific background, the experts see a broad range of possible applications for holo-BLG in the form of a lozenge, for example in patients suffering from multiple allergies, with sensitisation to rare allergens (including occupational allergens), tree pollen-associated food allergies or in general difficult treatment situations (e.g. allergies to animal dander or refusal of allergen immunotherapy). The expert panel describes the holo-BLG lozenge as an innovative and additional option for allergic patients.
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Mason, Howard J., Ian Smith, Siti Marwanis Anua, Nargiz Tagiyeva, Sean Semple, and Graham Devereux. "Levels of house dust mite allergen in cars / Razine alergena prašinskih grinja u automobilima." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 66, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2015-66-2684.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This small study investigated house dust mite (HDM) allergen levels in cars and their owners’ homes in north-east Scotland. Dust samples from twelve households and cars were collected in a standardised manner. The dust samples were extracted and measured for the Dermatophagoides group 2 allergens (Der p 2 and Der f 2) and total soluble protein. Allergen levels at homes tended to be higher than in the cars, but not significantly. However, they significantly correlated with paired car dust samples expressed either per unit weight of dust or soluble protein (rho=0.657; p=0.02 and 0.769; p=0.003, respectively). This points to house-to-car allergen transfer, with the car allergen levels largely reflecting levels in the owner’s home. Car HDM allergen levels were lower than those reported in Brazil and the USA. Twenty-five percent of the houses and none of the cars had allergen levels in dust greater than 2000 ng g-1. This value is often quoted as a threshold for the risk of sensitisation, although a number of studies report increased risk of sensitisation at lower levels. This small study does not allow for characterisation of the distribution of HDM allergen in vehicles in this geographic area, or of the likely levels in other warmer and more humid areas of the UK. Cars and other vehicles are an under-investigated micro-environment for exposure to allergenic material.
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Kabulov, H. H. "Fungal sensitisation of asthma children in different climatic and geographic regions of Azerbaijan." PULMONOLOGIYA, no. 4 (August 28, 2007): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2007-0-4-23-38.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the study was to analyse sensitisation to fungal allergens in asthmatic children living in different climatic and geographic regions of Azerbaijan. This work was a part of the "ISAAC" international programme (International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood). We examined 233 school children aged 13 to 14 (119 boys and 114 girls) from 4 regions of the country. Fungal sensitisation was evaluated using prick-tests with fungal allergens. At the semi-desert climate, children living at cities were sensitised more often to Cladosporium herbarum (36.5 %) and Alternaria tenuis (33.8 %) and rarer to Phoma betae (13.5 %) and Penicillium notatum (18.9 %); rural children were sensitised more often to Epicoccum purpurascen (35.8 %) and rarer to Aspergillus fumigatus (15.1 %) and Candida albicans (17 %). The prevalence of sensitisation to Phoma betae in rural children was twice higher than in urban children. Fungal sensitisation in children living in the subtropical climate zone was more frequent compared to other regions; those children were sensitised more often to Epicoccum purpurascen (43.4 %), Alternaria tenuis (41.5 %), and Phoma betae (39.6 %) and rarer to Candida albicans (28.3 %). Children from mountainous regions were sensitised to the fungi relatively rare. Urban children from the semi-desert and subtropical regions had the most prominent sensitisation to Аlternaria tenuis, rural children from the semi-desert region were more sensitised to Epicoccum purpurascen and Phoma betae allergens. While worsening the asthma course, rate and severity of fungal sensitisation increase independently on the habitation region.
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Bastiaan-Net, Shanna, Manou R. Batstra, Nasrin Aazamy, Huub F. J. Savelkoul, Johanna P. M. van der Valk, Roy Gerth van Wijk, Marco W. J. Schreurs, Harry J. Wichers, and Nicolette W. de Jong. "IgE cross-reactivity measurement of cashew nut, hazelnut and peanut using a novel IMMULITE inhibition method." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 58, no. 11 (October 25, 2020): 1875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-1083.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractBackgroundTree nut-allergic individuals are often sensitised towards multiple nuts and seeds. The underlying cause behind a multi-sensitisation for cashew nut, hazelnut, peanut and birch pollen is not always clear. We investigated whether immunoglobulin E antibody (IgE) cross-reactivity between cashew nut, hazelnut and peanut proteins exists in children who are multi-allergic to these foods using a novel IMMULITE®-based inhibition methodology, and investigated which allergens might be responsible. In addition, we explored if an allergy to birch pollen might play a role in this co-sensitisation for cashew nut, hazelnut and peanut.MethodsSerum of five children with a confirmed cashew nut allergy and suffering from allergic symptoms after eating peanut and hazelnut were subjected to inhibition immunoassays using the IMMULITE® 2000 XPi. Serum-specific IgE (sIgE) to seed storage allergens and pathogenesis-related protein 10 (PR10) allergens were determined and used for molecular multicomponent allergen correlation analyses with observed clinical symptoms and obtained inhibition data.ResultsIgE cross-reactivity was observed in all patients. Hazelnut extract was a strong inhibitor of cashew nut sIgE (46.8%), while cashew nut extract was less able to inhibit hazelnut extract (22.8%). Peanut extract showed the least inhibition potency. Moreover, there are strong indications that a birch pollen sensitisation to Bet v 1 might play a role in the observed symptoms provoked upon ingestion of cashew nut and hazelnut.ConclusionsBy applying an adjusted working protocol, the IMMULITE® technology can be used to perform inhibition assays to determine the risk of sIgE cross-reactivity between very different food components.
Дисертації з теми "Sensitisation to allergens"
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Nilsson, Caroline. "Cytokine profiles, infections and IgE sensitisation in childhood /." Stockholm : Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset : Sachs' Children's Hospital : Karolinska institutet, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-720-0/.
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Smyth, Lucy J. C. "Activation of cells of the mast cell/basophil lineage in response to potential allergens in the absence of IgE sensitisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324450.
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Jeebhay, Mohamed Fareed. "Predictors of occupational sensitisation to grain dust allergens and changes in lung function among grain mill workers in Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26261.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Occupationally-related airway diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease, have emerged as having substantial public health importance. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of occupational sensitisation to grain dust allergens and changes in lung function among grain mill workers in Cape Town. There were two major objectives of the study. Firstly, to determine which of the following factors determine the distribution of serum ECP (eosinophilic cationic protein): age, gender, grain dust exposure, smoking status, atopy and sensitisation to workplace allergens. Secondly, to investigate the risk factors associated with the following outcomes: i) sensitisation to occupational allergens; ii) diagnosis of occupational asthma; iii) diagnosis of chronic obstructive airways disease; and iv) longitudinal changes in lung function. The risk factors studied included age, gender, smoking habits, occupational exposure, lung function status on baseline survey (1989), and allergic sensitisation assessed at follow up (1996). The methods employed involved a repeat measures cross-sectional design including a cohort followed up at different points over a seven year period. Survey instruments included a questionnaire, spirometry and allergy tests (phadiotop, RAST for wheat, rye, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Sitophilus granarius). The results indicated an association of grain dust with pulmonary function and allergic sensitisation to grain dust constituents. After adjusting for known confounders such as age, gender and smoking, significant associations were found between employment duration and both decrements in lung function and sensitisation to wheat grain. A decrement of 278 ml in FEY 1 and 328 ml in FYC was associated with occupational sensitisation to wheat (and rye). Increasing employment duration resulted in annual decrements of 18.3 ml in FEY1 and 23 ml in FYC for every year employed. The odds for developing occupational asthma was only mildly elevated (OR=l.35) with increasing employment duration. Age, however, was found to be protective (OR=0.85). Although we were unable to demonstrate a relationship between across-week changes in lung function, at inception, and rapid longitudinal lung function decline, our findings suggested that longitudinal change was related to the degree of airway obstruction at inception. Sensitisation to grain dust allergens was also found to be an independent predictor for FEY 1 and FYC. The prevalence of sensitisation was the highest for wheat (26.4%), followed by Tyrophagus putrescentiae (22.6%), rye (21.7%), Lepidoglyphus destructor (15.1 %) and Sitophilus granarius (15.1 %). Sensitisation to wheat was highly correlated with sensitisation to rye (r = 0.92) and so were Lepidoglyphus destructor and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (r = 0.85). Although a large proportion of the workforce ( 41.5 % ) were sensitised to occupational allergens, the prevalence of respiratory symptoms was between 15.6% and 23.9%. There were 16.7% of workers with health outcomes which fulfilled our criteria for occupational asthma. Atopic workers in our study had at least a nine-fold increased odds of becoming sensitised to grain dust allergens (OR: 8.9-74.7) and a two-fold increased odds of developing occupational asthma (OR= 1.9-84.9). Furthermore, the study found that smokers had a twofold increased odds of becoming atopic, thereby placing them at greater risk of developing respiratory health problems. The mean ECP in this population was 15.4 ug/1 (SD:2.5). Although 45.3% of the workers were atopic, it was not found to be predictor of elevated ECP levels. We were however able to demonstrate a significant association between ECP and sensitisation to grain allergens. Workers sensitised to wheat (positive RAST) had, on average, 1. 78 ug/1 higher ECP levels. The odds of having an elevated ECP (> 15 ug/1) increased by 2.9 for workers sensitised to wheat grain. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate that selection effects are in operation, demonstrating the health worker effect. The findings also suggest that across week reactions may be less sensitive than the across shift changes in predicting rapid longitudinal decline in lung function. While we were able to characterise the distribution of ECP according to exposure, we were however unable to define the temporal relationship between elevated between exposures, ECP and lung function outcomes due to limitations of the study design.
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Larsson, Anna-Karin. "Early life cytokines, viral infections and IgE-mediated allergic disease." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, Stockholm university, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1224.
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Vance, Gillian Helen Sarah. "Early life exposure to a dietary allergen : characteristics, and consequences for allergic sensitisation and disease." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269644.
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Wright, Rosemary Jean. "Applied epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases, Victoria, 2016–2017." Master's thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/154287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this thesis, I present the projects and activities I have undertaken as a Master of Philosophy in Applied Epidemiology (MAE) Scholar in Victoria between February 2016 and November 2017. I was placed with the Environmental and Genetic Epidemiology Research Group at the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), and the Communicable Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit at the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). At MCRI I worked on the Barwon Infant Study, a birth cohort study designed to investigate how early life environment can influence the development of immune disorders and neurodevelopmental outcomes. At DHHS, I had the opportunity to lead an outbreak investigation, undertake an evaluation of a public health surveillance system, and an epidemiological study. Through these placements I experienced the day-to-day activities of a research institute and a state public health unit. At MCRI I conducted a data analysis on the prevalence of aero-allergen sensitisation in infancy in the Barwon region in Victoria. Sensitisation to aero-allergens in infancy is considered rare and as a result few studies report the prevalence in infants. My data fills this gap in the literature using data from a population-derived cohort study. I reported the findings of this study at the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network Global Scientific Conference, and the Australasian Epidemiological Association Conference in 2017. My surveillance evaluation involved the first stakeholder consultation of the Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN), which was established in 2009 as part of Australia’s response to the A(H1N1/09) pandemic in order to provide sentinel surveillance of influenza requiring hospitalisation. As part of the evaluation I made a number of recommendations to improve the usefulness and operation of the surveillance system many of which have already been implemented. I presented the outcomes of this evaluation to key stakeholders at the annual National Influenza Surveillance Committee in 2017. I conducted an epidemiological study on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) using 15 years of Victorian data. The primary aims of this project were to describe the epidemiology of STEC in Victoria and to investigate the length of exclusion of cases in ‘high-risk’ groups (including food handlers, child and health care workers, and children attending child care) by diagnostic method. The results of this study will inform Victoria’s policy regarding the exclusion of cases in these ‘high-risk’ groups from workplaces and child care. I also conducted an outbreak investigation, including a case-control study in order to identify the source of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium at a Melbourne café. The results of the case-control study indicated that hollandaise sauce was the likely cause of the outbreak and led to public health action. The high proportion of cases hospitalised in this outbreak demonstrates the serious health implications of salmonellosis and the potential consequences of deficient storage and food handling processes for high-risk food products such as hollandaise sauce. In this thesis, I present my experience of the MAE program, and demonstrate my fulfillment of the requirements of the program and the contribution my work has made to public health in Victoria.
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Douglas, Tonia Anne. "Early life predictors of persistent atopic asthma in young children : The relationships between atopy and bronchial sensitisation to allergen at age 5 years and current atopic asthma at age 10." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499926.
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Wickrama, Gunaratne Anoja. "Effects of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation for pregnant and lactating women in preventing allergic diseases in early childhood." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115480.
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It is postulated that maternal n-3 (omega 3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation may modulate a range of inflammatory and immune pathways involved in the development of allergic diseases in early childhood, potentially leading to a reduction of allergic diseases in children. Thus the focus of this thesis was to determine whether maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy or lactation could prevent allergies in children. Two nested follow-up studies from two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were performed, as well as a Cochrane systematic review to address this question. Of the two nested follow-up studies, one was a prenatal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation and the other a postnatal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation study. Parental reports of allergy outcomes were evaluated in children between birth to three years of age and birth to seven years of age in these studies. The Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis was used to determine overall effects of maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on allergy outcomes of the children involved. All relevant RCTs to date and the data from my two follow-up studies were included in the systematic review. Eight trials involving 3366 women and their 3175 children were included and in these trials, women were supplemented with n-3 LCPUFA during pregnancy (five trials), lactation (two trials) or both pregnancy and lactation (one trial). All trials randomly allocated women to either a n-3 LCPUFA supplement or a control group. The risk of bias varied across the eight included trials in this review with only two trials with a low risk of selection, performance and attrition bias. Overall, there is limited evidence to support maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation for reducing allergic disease in children. Few differences in childhood allergic disease were seen between women who were supplemented with n-3 LCPUFA and those who were not. N-3 LCPUFA supplementation showed a clear reduction in the primary outcome of any allergy (medically diagnosed IgE mediated) in children aged 12 to 36 months (risk ratio (RR) 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44 to 0.98; two RCTs; 823 children), but not beyond 36 months (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.20; one RCT, 706 children). For any allergy (medically diagnosed IgE mediated and/or parental report), no clear differences were seen in children either at 12 to 36 months (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.11; two RCTs, 823 children) or beyond 36 months of age (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.09; three RCTs, 1765 children). For the secondary outcomes of specific allergies there were no clear differences for food allergies at 12 to 36 months and beyond 36 months, but a clear reduction was seen for children in their first 12 months with n-3 LCPUFA (both for medically diagnosed IgE mediated and medically diagnosed IgE mediated and/or parental report). There was a clear reduction in medically diagnosed IgE mediated eczema with n-3 LCPUFA for children 12 to 36 months of age, but not at any other time point for both medically diagnosed IgE mediated and medically diagnosed IgE mediated and/or parental report. No clear differences for allergic rhinitis or asthma/wheeze were seen at any time point for both medically diagnosed IgE mediated, and medically diagnosed IgE mediated and/or parental report. There was a clear reduction in children's sensitisation to egg and sensitisation to at least one allergen between 12 to 36 months of age when mothers were supplemented with n-3 LCPUFA. In terms of safety for the mother and child, n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy did not show increased risk of postpartum haemorrhage or early childhood infections. The data obtained in one of the nested follow-up studies in this thesis was used to compare the validity of parental reports of allergy outcome measures against medical diagnosis of allergies. This revealed that parental reports of doctor diagnosed eczema were the most reliable for the diagnosis of eczema in infants, but further studies are needed to validate other allergy outcomes before parent reports of allergy symptoms can be considered as a useful tool to evaluate early childhood allergies in large scale research.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2015.
Частини книг з теми "Sensitisation to allergens"
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Carnés, Jerónimo, Carlos H. de Larramendi, María Angeles López-Matas, Angel Ferrer, and Julio Huertas. "Allergenic Sensitisation Mediated by Wolfberry." In Lycium Barbarum and Human Health, 179–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9658-3_12.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Sensitisation to allergens"
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Feary, Johanna, Jennifer Canizales, Susie Schofield, Bernadette Fitzgerald, Meinir Jones, and Paul Cullinan. "Sensitisation to mouse allergens in contemporary laboratory animal practice." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa4779.
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Feary, Johanna, Bernadette Fitzgerald, Susie Schofield, Meinir Jones, and Paul Cullinan. "Sensitisation to mouse allergens in contemporary laboratory animal workers: The SPIRAL study." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa392.
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Feary, J., J. Potts, S. Schofield, J. Canizales, M. Jones, and P. Cullinan. "P142 Aeroallergen exposure alone is not responsible for sensitisation of workers to laboratory animal allergens." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2018, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 5 to 7 December 2018, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2018-212555.300.
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