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1
Kuperberg, Gina R., David Caplan, Tatiana Sitnikova, Marianna Eddy, and Phillip J. Holcomb. "Neural correlates of processing syntactic, semantic, and thematic relationships in sentences." Language and Cognitive Processes 21, no. 5 (August 2006): 489–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960500094279.
2
Thompson, Hannah, James Davey, Paul Hoffman, Glyn Hallam, Rebecca Kosinski, Sarah Howkins, Emma Wooffindin, Rebecca Gabbitas, and Elizabeth Jefferies. "Semantic control deficits impair understanding of thematic relationships more than object identity." Neuropsychologia 104 (September 2017): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.013.
3
Merck, Catherine, Audrey Noël, Eric Jamet, Maxime Robert, Camille Hou, Anne Salmon, Serge Belliard, and Solène Kalénine. "Identification of taxonomic and thematic relationships: Do the two semantic systems have the same status in semantic dementia?" Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 41, no. 9 (July 15, 2019): 946–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2019.1641186.
4
Mohammed, Nasreen, and Shirzad Ali. "Semantic roles arguments verb in the kurdish language accordind to the model of van valin (2005 ad)." Humanities Journal of University of Zakho 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 694–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.3.1189.
Анотація:
The semantics roles are considered one of the important linguistic topics. This research aims at shedding light on the semantic roles that Van Valin (2005 AD) has included, since his model is distinguished from other models of semantic roles, whether in terms of the number of semantic roles or in terms of naming each semantic role. This study has applied this model to the local dialect of Bahdin Kurdish, as it has showed verb arguments according to Van Valin model, because this semantic role is assigned to the argument. The most important questions that have been raised by this study: How many semantic roles are there according to (Van) Valins model (2005 AD) In what case is the word an argument and in what case is it complementary? At the end, the relevant findings have been discussed in terms of Van Valins (2005 AD) models. Moreover, the semantic roles have been divided into three levels, each level contains as aspect of the semantic roles, and it has been able to display 40 thematic relationships. The current study has succeeded to distinguish between arguments and compliments.
5
YAN, YULAN, YUTAKA MATSUO, and MITSURU ISHIZUKA. "A NEW SHALLOW SEMANTIC PARSER FOR DESCRIBING THE CONCEPT STRUCTURE OF TEXT." International Journal of Semantic Computing 03, no. 01 (March 2009): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x09000690.
Анотація:
Recently, Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) systems have been used to examine a semantic predicate-argument structure for natural occurring texts. Facing the challenge of extracting a universal set of semantic or thematic relations covering various types of semantic relationships between entities, based on the Concept Description Language for Natural Language (CDL.nl) which defines a set of semantic relations to describe the concept structure of text, we develop a shallow semantic parser to add a new layer of semantic annotation of natural language sentences as an extension of SRL. The parsing task is a relation extraction process with two steps: relation detection and relation classification. Firstly, based on dependency analysis, a rule-based algorithm is presented to detect all entity pairs between each pair for which there exists a relationship; secondly, we use a kernel-based method to assign CDL.nl relations to detected entity pairs by leveraging diverse features. Preliminary evaluation on a manual dataset shows that CDL.nl relations can be extracted with good performance.
6
Oishi, Akira, and Yuji Matsumoto. "Detecting the Organization of Semantic Subclasses of Japanese Verbs." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.2.1.05ois.
Анотація:
This paper describes an approach to detect the organization of semantic subclasses of Japanese verbs. First, we classify verbs along two dimensions: thematic and aspectual. In the thematic dimension, we exploit the pattern of case marking particles which are attached to arguments of verbs. In the aspectual dimension, we exploit the classification of adverbs which modify verbs in a corpus. By combining the results of two classifications, we obtain an elaborate classification of verbs. We can incorporate the prototypicality of the members which constitute each semantic subclass by taking account of the frequency of case particles patterns and cooccurring adverbs. Moreover, the existence of close relationships among them enable us to detect the organization of these subclasses.
7
Højgaard, Christian Canu. "Semantic mapping of participants in legal discourse." HIPHIL Novum 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hn.v5i2.142741.
Анотація:
In this paper, I will present a new method of applying open source digital resources for investigating patterns of participants in the legal material of the so-called Holiness Code (Lev 17-26). Although several scholars have tried to explain the internal relationships between the participants in the Holiness Code, the large corpus complicates a systematic and consistent analysis. Developments within computational corpus-linguistics, however, provide new ways of systematic investigations into the discourse of Biblical legal texts. Accordingly, this paper will demonstrate how open source technologies and resources, such as the ETCBC database, text-fabric, R, and Jupyter Notebook, can benefit discourse analysis of the Holiness Code. Using Leviticus 25:23-28 as a case-study, the paper presents a three-step method of creating a semantic map of the participants and their internal relationships. First, semantic role labels are distributed to all participants according to the Role and Reference Grammar theory of the thematic relationship between verb and arguments. Second, all linguistic participant references are tracked and linked to their respective referents. Finally, the formal, linguistic participant tracking and the semantic role labelling are combined to create a semantic map of participants.
8
Nurullayev, Khasan. "EXPRESSION OF HUMAN SPEECH ACTIVITY AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS IN GERMAN AND UZBEK LINGUISTIC CULTURE BY MEANS OF SOMATIC PHRASEOLOGISMS." Eurasian Journal of Academic Research 03, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ejar-v03-i02-p4-152.
Анотація:
In this article, somatic phraseologisms in German and Uzbek languages are analyzed in a semantic-thematic method, the peculiarities of reflecting speech activity and interpersonal relationships in both languages are researched, similar and different aspects are described.
9
Kwapień, Ewelina. "Struktura tematyczna zapożyczeń czasownikowych wychodzących z użycia w dobie nowopolskiej." Poradnik Językowy, no. 5/2022(794) (May 25, 2022): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.5.5.
Анотація:
The subject matter of this paper is the thematic structure of the verbal borrowings going out of use in the New Polish period. An extensive material (of 760 positions) was collected based on SJPD (Doroszewski’s Dictionary of Polish) and encompasses lexical units designated with chronological labels. The foreign origin of the words was verifi ed in dictionaries of foreign words. The text presents the quantitative and qualitative arrangement of lexical and semantic fi elds. The research has shown that nearly a half of the analysed material, i.e. the borrowed verbs going out of use, belonged to the fi eld «human being in a society», and primarily to the following sub-fi elds: ‹interpersonal relationships› and ‹social relationships›.
10
Maguire, Mandy J., Matthew R. Brier, and Thomas C. Ferree. "EEG theta and alpha responses reveal qualitative differences in processing taxonomic versus thematic semantic relationships." Brain and Language 114, no. 1 (July 2010): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2010.03.005.
11
Rook, M., F. Biljecki, and A. A. Diakité. "TOWARDS AUTOMATIC SEMANTIC LABELLING OF 3D CITY MODELS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W1 (October 5, 2016): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w1-23-2016.
Анотація:
The lack of semantic information in many 3D city models is a considerable limiting factor in their use, as a lot of applications rely on semantics. Such information is not always available, since it is not collected at all times, it might be lost due to data transformation, or its lack may be caused by non-interoperability in data integration from other sources. This research is a first step in creating an automatic workflow that semantically labels plain 3D city model represented by a soup of polygons, with semantic and thematic information, as defined in the CityGML standard. The first step involves the reconstruction of the topology, which is used in a region growing algorithm that clusters upward facing adjacent triangles. Heuristic rules, embedded in a decision tree, are used to compute a likeliness score for these regions that either represent the ground (terrain) or a RoofSurface. Regions with a high likeliness score, to one of the two classes, are used to create a decision space, which is used in a support vector machine (SVM). Next, topological relations are utilised to select seeds that function as a start in a region growing algorithm, to create regions of triangles of other semantic classes. The topological relationships of the regions are used in the aggregation of the thematic building features. Finally, the level of detail is detected to generate the correct output in CityGML. The results show an accuracy between 85 % and 99 % in the automatic semantic labelling on four different test datasets. The paper is concluded by indicating problems and difficulties implying the next steps in the research.
12
Xu, Jun, and Lei Hu. "Geospatial Semantics Analysis of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Based on Microblog Short Texts." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2021): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100682.
Анотація:
Place descriptions record qualitative information related to places and their spatial relationships; thus, the geospatial semantics of a place can be extracted from place descriptions. In this study, geotagged microblog short texts recorded in 2017 from the Tibetan Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province were used to extract the place semantics of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). ERNIE, a language representation model enhanced by knowledge, was employed to extract thematic topics from the microblog short texts, which were then geolocated and used to analyze the place semantics of the QTP. Considering the large number of microblogs published by tourists in both Qinghai and Tibet, we separated the texts into four datasets according to the user, i.e., local users in Tibet, tourists in Tibet, local users in Qinghai, and tourists in Qinghai, to explore the place semantics of the QTP from different perspectives. The results revealed clear spatial variability in the thematic topics. Tibet is characterized by travel- and scenery-related language, whereas Qinghai is characterized by emotion, work, and beauty salon-related language. The human cognition of place semantics differs between local residents and tourists, and with a greater difference between the two in Tibet than in Qinghai. Weibo texts also indicate that local residents and tourists are concerned with different aspects of the same thematic topics. The cities on the QTP can be classified into three groups according to their geospatial semantic components, i.e., tourism-focused, life-focused, and religion-focused cities.
13
Chilingaryan, Kamo Pavelovich, and Lyudmila Stanislavovna Sorokina. "In search of an optimal method for analyzing deep structures: frame semantics and classification of argumentative structures." Филология: научные исследования, no. 3 (March 2024): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2024.3.70155.
Анотація:
The subject of the research is the search for the optimal method of analyzing deep structures using frame semantics. The study of semantic roles, similarities and differences in the approaches of both C. Fillmore and B. Levin – M. R. Hovav make it possible to analyze the structure of a sentence in more detail and accurately, identify deep cases and determine semantic relations between words. The study of these aspects is key to understanding language constructs and their interpretation. The study of various approaches makes it possible to identify both common features and unique features, which is key for a complete understanding of language constructions. An interest in text analysis in the field of artificial intelligence, machine learning and computational linguistics, and an understanding of the semantic relationships between words will help create more accurate and efficient text processing algorithms. One of the research methods is the semantic analysis of sentences based on corpus data. This method includes the study of various linguistic constructions in the context of their use in real texts, which allows us to identify common patterns and rules for the use of these linguistic units in different situations. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors have determined the similarity of the approaches on how to understand the surface and deep structures of language of Ch. Fillmore and B. Levin and M. Rappaport. Their work, despite differences in methodology and terminology, together allow for in-depth investigation of the relationship between the meanings of verbs and the structure of arguments. As a result of the study, the natural relationships between deep cases and semantic roles in sentences of various types are revealed, and key points that need to be taken into account when analyzing deep structures for a more accurate definition of the semantic roles of arguments are highlighted: frame semantics and thematic grids. Disagreements and alternative points of view contribute to the constant development and improvement of linguistic theories. Such debates eventually lead to a deeper understanding of the implementation of the arguments and open up opportunities for further research in this area. Both C. Fillmore and B. Levin and M. Rappaport have made significant contributions to understanding the surface and deep structures of language, although their approaches and terminology may differ.
14
Hodková, Kateřina. "Les relations sémantiques au carrefour des champs conceptuels du droit." Studia Romanistica 22, no. 1 (June 2022): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/sr.2022.22.0004.
Анотація:
The present study concerns the analysis of semantic relationships that exist between legal concepts in Czech and French law. The study combines textual approach, which is necessary for identification of relationships, and the approach of constructing conceptual fields by applying the theory of semic analysis, which help to distinguish terminological and conceptual units from other linguistic units in the texts. Two corpora of legal texts serve as source of legal concepts. These corpora concern the same thematic domain and were established for the purpose of this study. After the theorical and methodological delimitations of the key notions (the definition of concept and term, conceptual field, semic analysis, content of corpora), the study proceeds to a detailed description of linguistic relations within the corpora. This paper focuse on semantic relationships and analyses the following ones: synonymy, opposition (antonymy and contrastivity) and hierarchical relationships (hyperonymy, meronymy and hierarchy of conceptual fields). The analysis concerning two languages and two legal systems enables to compare the data related to the given corpora. For each relationship this study offers a short explanation of the nature of the relationship, its frequency in the two corpora, examples borrowed from the corpora and, if present, the description of other phenomena encountered during the research. These phenomena include, among other things, different types of synonymy, the absence of hyperonyme or holonyme in some hierarchical structures or different types of meronymy.
15
Lee, Michelle, Gary E. Martin, Abigail Hogan, Deanna Hano, Peter C. Gordon, and Molly Losh. "What’s the story? A computational analysis of narrative competence in autism." Autism 22, no. 3 (January 17, 2017): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316677957.
Анотація:
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder demonstrate narrative (i.e. storytelling) difficulties which can significantly impact their ability to form and maintain social relationships. However, existing research has not comprehensively documented these impairments in more open-ended, emotionally evocative situations common to daily interactions. Computational linguistic measures offer a promising complement to traditional hand-coding methods of narrative analysis and in this study were applied together with hand coding of narratives elicited with emotionally salient scenes from the Thematic Apperception Test. In total, 19 individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 14 typically developing controls were asked to tell stories about six images from the Thematic Apperception Test. Both structural and qualitative aspects of narrative were assessed using a hand-coding system and Latent Semantic Analysis, an automated computational measure of semantic similarity. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder demonstrated significant difficulties with the use of complex syntax to integrate their narratives and problems explaining characters’ intentions. These and other key narrative skills were strongly related to narrative competence scores derived from Latent Semantic Analysis, which also distinguished the autism spectrum disorder group from controls. Together, results underscore key narrative impairments in autism spectrum disorder and support the promise of Latent Semantic Analysis as a valuable tool for the quantitative assessment of complex language abilities.
16
Martí-Sánchez, Myriam, Desamparados Cervantes-Zacarés, and Arturo Ortigosa-Blanch. "Entrepreneurship in the digital press: a semantic analysis." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 3 (December 10, 2019): 416–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-06-2019-0394.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the media addresses entrepreneurship and to identify the attributes linked to this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The sample is defined in terms of a linguistic corpus comprised of content related to entrepreneurship drawn from the digital editions of the three most important Spanish economic newspapers for the period 2010–2017. Word association and co-occurrence analyses were carried out. Further, a non-supervised clustering process was used as the basis for a thematic analysis. Findings Correspondence between social and media patterns related to the entrepreneurship phenomenon is revealed by the results. It is shown how attributes such as “success”, “innovation”, “ecosystem” and “woman” appear as very relevant and are linked to different co-occurrence scenarios. Relevant thematic groups are also identified related to lexical associations such as innovation, digital economy and public policies linked to entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications It is important to emphasise that this study has identified and explored relationships between words, but not their evolution. Furthermore, conclusions cannot be drawn concerning whether there are differences in how each newspaper has dealt with entrepreneurship because of the way the corpus was constructed. Originality/value The study provides empirical evidence that helps to identify the way media approaches entrepreneurship. The authors carried out the analysis on the media contents and not on the perception of the public on the phenomenon.
17
Нermanovych, Нalyna. "HYPONYMY AND HYPERNYMY IN THE MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY SYSTEM WITH SOMATIC COMPONENTS." Terminological Bulletin, no. 7 (2023): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2023-7-20.
Анотація:
The article studies hyper-hyponymic relations in the medical somatic lexicon. Terms, as specially created nominative units, are intended not only to express the essence of the concept but also to convey relations between them – genus-species, part-whole, spatial or temporal contiguity, etc. Hence, the presence of a hyponymic paradigm as one of the most important categories that shape terminological structures. No terminology system can do without relationships between genus and species, so their study as a lexical-semantic category is associated with its use for describing various groups of vocabulary, semantic fields. Studying the principles and regularities of the inclusion of lexemes in certain classes contributes to organizing vocabulary, describing its thematic connections, which reflects systemic relationships between the realities of the world. All the types of relationships between the components of hyper-hyponymic groups are subordinated exclusively to a hierarchical structure. Correct (hypernym has two hyponyms) and incorrect (hypernym has more than two hyponyms) hyponymic series are presented. However, the material of the medical terminology system with somatic components is extremely rich in such subordination. Most hypernyms have 10 or even 40 hyponyms. Intersecting relationships, in which a term is a hyponym of one field and a hypernym of another, confirm the systemic nature of genus-species relationships within a certain semantic cluster of terminological units. Depending on a number of features by which a generic term is specified, hyper-hyponymic groups and structures are distinguished in the form of: a simple hierarchical tree; an expanded hierarchical tree; a combination of simple and extended hierarchical trees. Hyponyms can have not only a two-word, but also a multi-word structure. Hyponymy is characterized by a one-sided substitution of a hyponym with a hypernym, but not vice versa. This type of relationship contributes to the systemic organization of this vocabulary, its structuring, and logical subordination.
18
Mahmoudi, Khaoula, and Sami Faiz. "From Text to Semantic Geodata Enrichment." International Journal of Agent Technologies and Systems 6, no. 1 (January 2014): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijats.2014010102.
Анотація:
Geographically referenced information are captured, managed, analyzed and displayed by the geographic information system (GIS). This information will help to better understand and analyze a host of human activities in an attempt to reach a more sustainable future. Moreover, these information are sometimes hardly available due to the cost entailed by the acquisition process and the maintenance. Hence, efforts are devoted to bring the interesting information with less cost. In this context, the authors propose an approach dedicated to the enrichment of the semantic aspect of geographic database (GDB). The approach emerges from the agents' interaction in conformity with the multi-agents framework. It deals with an Interface agent, Task agents and Geographic ones. These agents are to process a corpus of documents related to the geographic entity at hand. This processing consists of extracting the essence of information from the managed corpus to enrich the GDB. These agents follow a pipelined approach consisting of the following stages: text fragmentation, thematic annotation, delegation and text filtering. Besides these basic stages, a refinement is to be performed in case of user unsatisfaction and this by exploring the spatial relationships.
19
Kotane, Lyudmila V. "Typology of the Thematic Group “Toys” in the Russian Language of the 21st Century." World of the Russian Word, no. 2 (2023): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu30.2023.204.
Анотація:
In the article, the author addresses the definitions of the concept of “toys” and their functions, as well as existing classifications in psychology, pedagogy, didactics and marketing (trade). The definitions of a “thematic group” (TG) are considered and a working formulation of the concept is given. A morphological and syntactic analysis of the collected empirical base was carried out, where the names of toys and games, works of children’s literature and the National Corpus of the Russian Language were selected as sources. Several types of lexical units of the TG “Toys” are presented: individual lexemes (nouns, adjectives, verbs), phrases (simple, multi-component). The author also identifies five groups of verbs: expressing rational, irrational action; actions characteristic of a person, sounds and verbs of movement. Based on the analyzed classifications and collected empirical material (1800 lexemes related to the TG “Toys”), a typology is created that reflects systemic relationships at the lexical level of the modern Russian language. Three main thematic areas, fields of nominations for this TG in the Russian language of the 21st century have been identified: natural, artificial and virtual toys. The thematic area “Natural toys” includes two subgroups: natural objects and household objects. The composition of the term “Artificial toys” is described by ten lexical-semantic groups. The thematic area “Virtual toys” includes three lexical and semantic groups. The identification of the third TO — “Virtual toys” — is a new phenomenon for the classification of toys not only in linguistics, but also in the wide field of this concept.
20
Sheremetyeva, E. S., and Xiaomin Cao. "Formal and Semantic Structure of Contexts of Text Clip AND THEN." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 4 (May 19, 2022): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-4-172-185.
Анотація:
The textual clip AND THEN from the point of view of its formation as a service unit and from the point of view of the specifics of the contexts in which it functions is considered. The research material is taken from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the object of study is of interest both in terms of a multidimensional study of the system of functional words in general and specialized means of text communication, in particular, and in the aspect of studying the principles of organizing the text itself, forming its content and structure. It is argued that the semantics of succession the elements that make up the clip AND THEN was the basis for the development of the textual function of the clip. The connective semantics of the clip is substantiated on the basis of its function of introducing an additional message and a marker for changing the aspect of the discussion of one topic. It is proved that the textual clip does not indicate the relationship of succession between propositions, but the sequence in the development of the speaker’s thought. Particular attention is paid to the classification of typical contexts of the clip, built considering the nature of the relationships within the text fragments connected with the clip. It is concluded that the textual clip AND THEN has both the ability to thematic organization of the text, and the signs of an indicator of logical-semantic relations.
21
Shigabiyeva, A. I. "Categorization and representation in the language of the lexico-semantic field of the concept of «space»." Bulletin of the Karaganda university Philology series 4, no. 108 (December 30, 2022): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022ph4/17-23.
Анотація:
Lexeme analysis, including spatio-temporal definitions, indicates a universal process of categorizing human knowledge in objective reality. The article presents a synthesis of philosophical and linguistic approaches to the analysis of the category «space», via using encyclopedic, philosophical and cultural, metaphorical dictionaries for systemic and multilevel lexico-semantic research. Language confirms the existence in our heads of various structures of knowledge about the world, which are based on such a unit of mental information as a concept. Images, representations, concepts or their combinations pictures, gestalts, schemes, diagrams, propositions, frames are formed in the process of perceiving the world, they are created as a result of cognition, reflect and synthesize human experience and reality meaningful in different types of activity with the world. The components of thematic groups of spatial relationships have been described in details and various ways. Nominative-semantic groups of the linguistic implementation of the category «space» have also been examined and systematized.
22
van Gasselt, Stephan, and Andrea Nass. "A Semantic View on Planetary Mapping—Investigating Limitations and Knowledge Modeling through Contextualization and Composition." Remote Sensing 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2023): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061616.
Анотація:
The concept of planetary mapping constitutes different activities within different contexts. Much like the field of cartography, it is an amalgamation of science, techniques, and artistic disciplines. It has undergone considerable changes over the last decades to cope with increasing demands related to data management, analysis, and visualization. Planetary mapping employs abstraction, which involves simplifications and generalizations. It aims to produce accessible visualization of planetary surfaces to gain insights and knowledge. Here, we show that different manifestations of this concept are interdependent and we discuss how different mapping concepts relate to each other semantically. We reason that knowledge gain can only be achieved through thematic mapping. The reasoning for systematic mapping and exploration is an intellectual product of thematic mapping. In order to highlight these relationships, we (a) develop in-depth definitions for different types of planetary mapping, (b) discuss data and knowledge flow across different mapping concepts, and (c) highlight systemic limitations related to data that we acquire and attempt to abstract through models. We finally develop a semantic proto-model that focuses on the transformation of information and knowledge between mapping domains. We furthermore argue that due to compositionality, map products suffer not only from abstraction but also from limitations related to uncertainties during data processing. We conclude that a complete database is needed for mapping in order to establish contextualization and extract knowledge. That knowledge is needed for reasoning for planning and operational decision making. This work furthermore aims to motivate future community-based discussions on functional semantic models and ontologies for the future development of knowledge extraction from thematic maps.
23
Zhang, Xin, Qiyi Wei, Qing Song, and Pengzhou Zhang. "TOMDS (Topic-Oriented Multi-Document Summarization): Enabling Personalized Customization of Multi-Document Summaries." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (February 25, 2024): 1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051880.
Анотація:
In a multi-document summarization task, if the user can decide on the summary topic, the generated summary can better align with the reader’s specific needs and preferences. This paper addresses the issue of overly general content generation by common multi-document summarization models and proposes a topic-oriented multi-document summarization (TOMDS) approach. The method is divided into two stages: extraction and abstraction. During the extractive stage, it primarily identifies and retrieves paragraphs relevant to the designated topic, subsequently sorting them based on their relevance to the topic and forming an initial subset of documents. In the abstractive stage, building upon the transformer architecture, the process includes two parts: encoding and decoding. In the encoding part, we integrated an external discourse parsing module that focuses on both micro-level within-paragraph semantic relationships and macro-level inter-paragraph connections, effectively combining these with the implicit relationships in the source document to produce more enriched semantic features. In the decoding part, we incorporated a topic-aware attention mechanism that dynamically zeroes in on information pertinent to the chosen topic, thus guiding the summary generation process more effectively. The proposed model was primarily evaluated using the standard text summary dataset WikiSum. The experimental results show that our model significantly enhanced the thematic relevance and flexibility of the summaries and improved the accuracy of grammatical and semantic comprehension in the generated summaries.
24
Bachishe, O. I., E. N. Kruchkova, and D. S. Shushakov. "Problems of Automatic Processing of Scientific Texts based on Extraction of Information from Encyclopedias of Relevant Domain Areas." Programmnaya Ingeneria 14, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/prin.14.42-50.
Анотація:
The article discusses the problems arising in the automatic processing of scientific texts and presents the results of work on creating a combined method for aspect-oriented analysis of scientific texts in the field of fundamental disciplines, taking into account both knowledge of the subject area and statistical methods of text processing. Thematic encyclopedias, which are not only a source of professional scientific terminology, but are considered to be an information resource for extracting knowledge about the subject area, are proposed to be used as training data. The work offers the structure of templates designed to extract information from the partially structured text of the encyclopedia, considers the structure of extracted sets of professional terms, offers the algorithm of formation of semantic relationships between special terms. The process of knowledge extraction in this paper is demonstrated on the example of processing four encyclopedias: mathematical, physical, chemical, medical. The general principles of the formation of domain scientific terminology are highlighted, and statistical data on the terminological composition in each of the examined areas is given. Within the framework of the conducted research on the basis of the texts of encyclopedias the basic semantic graphs of the corresponding scientific fields with the relations between the professional terms introduced on them are constructed. Basic graphs accumulate knowledge about the scientific field and are intended for the subsequent thematic analysis of unstructured texts of scientific articles. The Implemented algorithm of extraction of semantics of the given scientific text is based both on amplification of weights of nodes — terms of the applied domain, and on the correction of semantic relations between the nodes of the graph according to the processed text. The results of experiments on automatic construction of the list of keywords of the article are given. The results were compared with the list of keywords specified by the author of the article. It should be noted that the relevance of correctly extracted terms is mainly determined by semantic links in the basic domain graph, and depends significantly less on the number of keywords in the original article, which demonstrates the advantage of the proposed combined method compared with a simple frequency analysis. The sample analysis of the texts of the articles on mathematics showed good accuracy in the extraction of key terms compared to the list of keywords specified by the author of the article.
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Sun, Mingyue. "A Study of Appraisal System and Its Texture/Textuality Mechanisms." International Journal of Language and Linguistics 12, no. 3 (May 24, 2024): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20241203.12.
Анотація:
Language, as a social symbol, functions to express world experiences, construct social role relationships, and choose words and sentences to organize discourse. The interaction between language meta-functions is a problem deserved studying. From the perspective of textual meta-function, this paper tries to discuss the mechanisms of organizing Appraisal system as a texture, and construct a rather comprehensive analysis framework of the textual devices for evaluation meaning as a whole text. The framework built consists of three strata (contextual, discourse-semantic, and lexico-grammatical), two dimensions (micro and macro), and an intermediary variable (rhetorical strategies). At the contextual stratum, the generic structure of genre and mode of register, through rhetorical strategies, determine the distribution and combination patterns of evaluative meaning at the discourse-semantic stratum. In micro dimension, cohesion, information distribution pattern, and evaluative prosody, together with theme, new information and logical semantic relations in macro dimension, are combined to organize evaluation meaning at the discourse-semantic stratum. At the lexico-grammatical stratum, Appraisal meaning is thus embodied and realized by the evaluative lexical chains, thematic structures, new information structures, connectives and meta-discourse markers at the discourse-semantic level of a text. This framework reflects the interactions between the interpersonal meta-function and textual meta-function of Appraisal system and provides insights for the development of Appraisal Theory.
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Eduardovna Rakhimova, Alina, Albina Fanilevna Mukhamadiarova, and Fanuza Kharisovna Tarasova. "LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROVERBS DESCRIBING FAMILY RELATIONS IN THE GERMAN LINGUISTIC PICTURE OF THE WORLD." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 6 (January 31, 2020): 1048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76154.
Анотація:
Purpose of the study: The current study deals with a close examination of the linguistic and cultural characteristics of proverbs describing family relations in the paradigm of peculiarities of the German linguistic picture of the world. The purpose of this article is to study and analyze German proverbs describing family relations.
Methodology: While conducting the present research work such scientific methods were used: the method of theoretical analysis of literature on the topic under consideration, the method of semantic and structural analysis of German proverbs, the method of lexical and semantic group description, the comparative method. In the course of our study, 180 proverbs were analyzed (describing family relations with the following components: Mann, Frau, Mutter, Vater, Kind, Bruder, Schwester, Sohn, Tochter, Verwandte), reflecting, to varying degrees, the specifics of family relationships. Among these proverbs, thematic groups were distinguished.
Main Findings: The semantic features of German proverbs about the family have been distinguished. The classification of German proverbs about the family to the semantic groups was done: the role of women in the family, the role of men in the family, the characteristics of the relationship between wife and husband, etc.
Applications of this study: The study may be used for close browsing of the current state of investigations in this scientific area as well as for further investigations of linguistic and cultural characteristics of proverbs describing family relations in the German linguistic picture of the world.
Novelty/Originality of this study: When considering the connotation of German proverbs about the family, the author discovered the following regularity: most German proverbs about the family have a positive connotation. The author conducts a semantic analysis of proverbs, during which he identifies specific features that characterize family life in Russian linguoculture. Such findings were firstly done in the current survey.
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Khan, Shakeel Ahmad, and Rubina Bhatti. "Semantic Web and ontology-based applications for digital libraries." Electronic Library 36, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 826–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-08-2017-0168.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore useful Semantic Web technologies and ontology-based applications for digital libraries. It also investigates the perceptions of university librarians and academicians in Pakistan about Semantic Web technologies and their use in digital libraries. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory research design based on Delphi research strategy was conducted to answer the research questions. Interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 50 key informants including university librarians and academicians to explore their perceptions about Semantic Web technologies and their use in digital libraries. Thematic analysis of interview data was conducted to obtain results. Findings The results of this paper showed that DuraCloud, Semantic information mashup, OntoEdit and resource description framework (RDF) are the various Semantic Web applications which are useful for digital libraries to develop semantic relationships among digital contents and increase their accessibility in the web environment. Findings revealed that Semantic Web provides precise results and meets user information needs in an effective way. Results also showed that next-generation digital libraries use context-awareness technology, intelligent agent software and detecting sensors to analyze user information needs and provide dynamic information services. This paper recommended that librarians should embrace the use of emerging web technologies in libraries and offer library services through the medium of the web. Practical implications This paper envisaged the future of digital library services and Semantic Web applications that can be used to re-structure metadata of digital library. This paper has practical implications for librarians to consider the useful applications of Semantic Web for digital library and enhance the interoperability of metadata among heterogeneous information systems. Practically, results obtained from this paper are highly useful for library schools and LIS teachers to up-date their curriculum by incorporating new contents related to web languages and Semantic Web applications for digital libraries. Originality/value This paper identifies various Semantic Web applications which are useful for developing Semantic Digital Libraries.
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Гогулина, N. Gogulina, Вэньцзя, and Wang Vncz. "The Russians and Chinese Proverbs of the Lexemes «Mother», «Father», «Husband», «Wife» in the Russian and Chinese Communication." Modern Communication Studies 3, no. 5 (October 10, 2014): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5744.
Анотація:
The article deals with the problem of comparative study of Russian and Chinese
proverbs. The paper is an analysis of some nouns of persons through
relationship and Proverbs with nouns and conceptually important for Russian
and Chinese philology and culture. The work is done at the interface
between Linguistics and culture experts and is aimed at identifying national
cultural specifics of Russian and Chinese Proverbs with the names of persons
on the basis of kinship.
It is in the axiological notions of gender, kinship and family in Russian and
Chinese cultures reflected in paremias that the national specifics is detected.
The article gives logical and thematic classification of the collected material,
which includes the following semantic groups: characterization of the role of
a family member, their emotionally estimated characteristics, relationships
between family members.
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Tetzlaff, Emily, Tammy Eger, Ann Pegoraro, Sandra Dorman, and Victor Pakalnis. "Analysis of Recommendations from Mining Incident Investigative Reports: A 50-Year Review." Safety 6, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety6010003.
Анотація:
A systematic analysis was conducted using ten occupational health and safety commissioned reports from Canada, New Zealand, United States, United Kingdom, and Australia spanning from 1967 to 2015. The objective was to identify commonalities and differences in the key recommendations across the identified reports. The text-mining software Leximancer was utilized to analyze the content of the recommendations through the semantic extraction of dominant themes, and the relational extraction and mapping of thematic relationships against each other. The identified themes were then analyzed within the concept map to fully understand the relationships. Based on the concept map, the thematic analysis provided a longitudinal perspective of the recommendations, identifying six key themes and 49 sets of overlapping recommendations. Key themes included: health and safety hazards (n = 10), legislation, regulations and organizational structure (n = 13), emergency management and mine rescue (n = 9), training, education and competence (n = 10), technology (n = 4), and research (n = 3). The results of this analysis illustrate that the same hazards continue to be identified across reports and recommendations, regardless of time or country of origin. This indicates that the communication of recommendations and/or the strategies developed in response to the recommendations need to be further addressed.
30
Nikulina, Marina A. "The peculiar nature of the semantic component of English «Coronavirus» neologisms." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 4, no. 27 (2021): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-4-27-176-186.
Анотація:
The article contains analysis of new lexical units which have appeared in the English language in the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Special attention is paid to the relationship between the linguistic picture of the world, created by the English mentality, and peculiarities of the so called, «coronavirus» neologisms, denoting objects and phenomena of «new reality» (quarantine, self-isolation, distance working, distance learning, restrictions imposed on travelling, vaccination, etc.). Also, the research contains a thematic classification of the analyzed group of neologisms - many of them are given with the interpretation of their semantic meanings. Besides, the study touches upon some features of the derivational potential of the English language, which determine the peculiar morphological nature of numerous «coronavirus» neologisms. The article also includes a brief comparative analysis of new English and Russian lexical units which are used to denote interpersonal relationships and feelings, experienced by people during the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the analysis reveals numerous «translation lacunas» caused by obvious prevailing of English neologisms, denoting this type of concepts, over Russian ones. In addition, the article proves the «usefulness» of emotionally colored «coronavirus» neologisms whose importance is basically determined by the fact that the ironical naming of hard emotional states and unpleasant phenomena, unavoidable during the period of pandemic, leads to decreasing the level of stress, thus helping to raise social mental spirit. On the whole, the results of the research prove that during hard historical periods, native languages are capable of producing such effective linguistic tools that can be used for easing the adaptation of their speakers to «new reality».
31
Liashenko, Tatiana. "Lexis of the thematic group “food and food consumption” in the novel by Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Golovlyov Family”." Litera, no. 11 (November 2020): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.11.34150.
Анотація:
The subject of this research is lexemes of the thematic group “food and food consumption” in the novel by Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Golovlyov Family”. The object of this research is the functional yield of these linguistic units in the text. The author of the article describes the functionality of food images in literature in form of the system of oppositions “external (existential) – internal (psychological)”, and “static-dynamic”. The four functions are differentiated: external static (food image as a detail scenery), external dynamic (food image as a theme-forming element), internal static (food image as an element of portrait of the character), internal dynamic (food image characterizes the dynamics of relations between the characters). It is noted that the thought on “low functionality” of gastronomic images in a literary text, which is expressed in some research, testifies to insufficient study of such rich material. Food as a literary image, as well as the motif of food consumption in a literary text always convey semantic meaning. In the novel “The Golovlyov Family”, the words with “food” semantics serve for the formation of external, existential aspect of narration, as well as internal, psychological aspects. Images of food alongside motifs of food consumption are characterological (describing portrait of the character) to a lesser degree, and more often used for demonstrating relationships between the characters.
32
Ostrowicka, Helena. "Dyskurs edukacyjny, weredykcja i pedagogie – od konstelacji związków dyskursu i edukacji do aleturgicznej analizy praktyki edukacyjnej." Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja 12, no. 2 (February 19, 2019): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/kse.2017.12.7.
Анотація:
The article consists of two major parts. Part one is devoted to the reconstruction of the relationships between the domain of discourse and the domain of education in the semantic field of the term “educational discourse”. Based on the analysis of two types of sources (empirical research and the lexicon of contemporary pedagogics), a constellation of functional, thematic, genre and ontological links is shown. In the second part of the article, a reflection on the last of the approach is developed. Referring to Foucault’s lectures at the Collège de France in 1979-1980 period, the potential of the category of alethurgy and confession as research instruments of pedagogy and discursive practice is shown.
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Artner-Nehls, Astrid, Sandra Uthes, Jana Zscheischler, and Peter H. Feindt. "How the Agricultural Press Addresses the Slurry–Water Nexus: A Text Mining Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 10002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610002.
Анотація:
Water pollution from intensive livestock husbandry is a persistent social-ecological problem. Since remedies require attention to the slurry–water nexus among practitioners, the agricultural press is a strategic entry point for agenda setting. Systematic content analysis can provide insights into how farming practices and sustainability issues are communicated, which may influence farmers’ attention to the issue and to potential solutions. To address this question, we present a semantic network analysis of three specialized farming magazines in Germany and analyze their coverage of the slurry–water nexus, in particular relationships of actors and issues and co-occurrence with political events. We used text mining methods in order to analyze a text corpus consisting of 4227 online articles published between 2010 and 2020. Results show that one fifth of all slurry-themed articles contained water-related content. We found a shift over time from dominantly management-oriented content towards a politicized debate with more actors and stronger semantic relationships with water protection constructed as an insulated stand-alone issue. This is accompanied by a shift from thematic reporting to episodic reporting focused on environmental legislation and compliance management. This implies less attention to innovations for water-conserving slurry management. Despite its shortcomings, episodic coverage may open up windows of opportunity to improve communication by experts and policy makers.
34
Tarasova, Vitalina. "Verbal means of information and psychological warfare." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 13, no. 22 (2020): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2020-13-22-251-258.
Анотація:
The article focuses on linguistic and cognitive peculiarities of the information and psychological warfare and its manifestation in the Ukrainian and Russian languages with the help of innovative verbal means. The paper analyses Russia’s information campaign against Ukraine, covering the period from the Euromaidan (2014) until 2020. It is stated that Russia’s information campaign is to be analysed in the context of the strategic narrative of the Russian government, reflected in pro-Russian mass media. It has been revealed that Russia’s information campaign was related to Russia’s military operations in Ukraine. Russia has demonstrated that in the current and continually evolving information environment, power and control can be easily gained by manipulating information to influence societal perceptions, attitudes and behaviours. The Russian narrative includes several dominant themes: promoting the Russian World which unites the Eastern Slavs, implies that Russians and Ukrainians are one nation, and recognizes the natural supremacy of Russia; portraying Ukrainians as a pseudo-nation who are unable to administer their own country and sustain their statehood, and labelling the Euromaidan protesters as nationalists, Nazis and fascists posing a threat to the ethnically Russian part of the Ukraine’s population. Narratives are supported by utilising so-called thematic communication frames. The thematic frames are a way of associating a particular impression or opinion with an object or a subject. The characteristics of thematic frames are their close relationships within a particular context and interpretation. Thematic framing can be applied to an individual, to a group of people (the inhabitants of Western Ukraine are followers of Bandera and neo-Nazis), or to a process, event or particular place in time and space. The creation of thematic frames is related to the human desire to simplify the outside world and to easily distinguish friends from foes. Thematic framing can be used to manipulate audiences. It has been proved that the means of verbalization of the information and psychological warfare reflect the perception of reality in the light of a certain ideology and mentality. The conceptualization of conflicting parties takes place in terms of such eternal values as the Good and the Evil which is here based on the dichotomy ONE’S OWN / ALIEN (Ukraine / Russia), reflecting the opposition between western and eastern civilizations. The paper determines ontological features of the dichotomy ONE’S OWN / ALIEN, introduces its model, exposes semantic structure of the key lexemes that denote ONE’S OWN / ALIEN. The investigation of neologisms allows revealing the ways and means of languages enrichment. It also exposes the semantic properties of innovations and highlights the phenomenon of the war of linguistic signs which includes the war of form and the war of meaning.
35
Цао, Лина. "ON THE VARIATION OF THE WAYS OF EXPRESSING CONCESSIVE RELATIONSHIPS (ON THE MATERIAL OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES)." Tomsk state pedagogical university bulletin, no. 6(224) (November 18, 2022): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2022-6-34-44.
Анотація:
Введение. Исследование выполнено в рамках теории функциональной грамматики и направлено на изучение семантических особенностей уступительных отношений и специализированных средств их выражения в русском языке. Отмечается формальная и содержательная вариативность уступительных конструкций, высказывается предположение о стилистической неоднородности языковых единиц, выражающих семантику уступки. Материал и методы. Несмотря на представленные в русистике исследования уступительности, в том числе как составной части поля обусловленности, семантика уступки и средства ее выражения не рассматривались ранее в функционально-стилистическом аспекте. В работе изучается формальное, семантическое и стилистическое варьирование уступительных единиц, обусловленное коммуникативными установками и языковыми особенностями научного стиля. В качестве материала использовались тексты ядерного жанра научного дискурса – 3 708 научных статей разной тематической направленности, опубликованные в рейтинговых российских журналах. Результаты и обсуждение. Научные работы, посвященные языковому выражению уступительных отношений в русском языке, демонстрируют сложность и неоднородность данного типа семантики и разные способы ее выражения. Проведенный анализ уступительных конструкций в научных статьях по филологии, истории, биологии, технике и информатике, экономике демонстрирует, что специализированными средствами выражения данных значений для научного стиля можно считать сложные предложения с союзами несмотря/невзирая на то что, но, однако, хотя, а также простые предложения с сочетаниями с предлогами несмотря/невзирая на, вопреки, независимо от и др. На основе полученных количественных данных в статье представлено процентное соотношение уступительных единиц по научным статьям разной тематики, выявлены продуктивные средства выражения уступки для каждой тематики. С точки зрения содержания поля уступительности отмечены наиболее характерные для научного стиля частные значения уступки (уступительно-противительное, уступительно-ограничительное и реально-уступительное) и практически отсутствие иных значений, реализующихся в текстах других стилей русского языка (уступительно-предположительное, уступительно-возместительное и усилительно-уступительное значения). Заключение. В результате проведенного исследования установлен средний показатель проявления уступительных отношений в статьях по разным тематикам научного стиля, отмечено содержательное, формальное и стилистическое варьирование уступительных единиц, выявлена корреляция между тематической направленностью рассматриваемых статей и определенными средствами выражения уступки, требующая дальнейшего изучения. Introduction. The research is carried out within the framework of the theory of functional grammar and is aimed at studying semantic features of concessive relations and specialized means of their expression in Russian. The formal and substantial variability of concessionary constructions is noted, and an assumption of stylistic heterogeneity of language units expressing the semantics of concession is suggested. Material and methods. In spite of the research of concessionality, including its representation as a constituent part of the conditionality field, the semantics of concession and its expressive means have not been previously examined from the aspect of functional and stylistic usage. The formal, semantic and stylistic variation of concessionary units, conditioned by communicative settings and linguistic features of scientific style, are studied. The texts of the nuclear genre of scientific discourse – 3708 scientific articles of different thematic orientation, published in ranked Russian journals – were used as the material. Results and discussion. Scientific works devoted to the linguistic expression of concessive relations in Russian demonstrate the complexity and heterogeneity of this type of semantics and different ways of its expression. The analysis of concessive constructions in scientific articles on philology, history, biology, engineering and information science and economics shows that complex sentences with the conjunctions despite/disregarding that, but, however, although, as well as simple sentences with the prepositions despite/disregarding, despite, regardless of, etc., can be considered as special means of expressing these meanings in scientific language. On the basis of the quantitative data obtained, the article presents the percentage ratio of concessionary units in scientific articles on different topics and reveals the productive means of expressing the concession for each topic. From the point of view of the concession field, the most typical particular meanings of the concession (concessive-predicative, concessive-restrictive and real-concessive) and the absence of other meanings realized in other styles of the Russian language (concessive-predicative, concessive-retributive and reinforced-concessive meanings) were revealed. Conclusion. As a result of the study the average indicator of concessionary relations in the articles on different topics of scientific style was established, the substantive, formal and stylistic variation of concessionary units was noted, the correlation between the thematic focus of the articles under consideration and certain means of expressing concession was revealed, which requires further study.
36
Filyasova, Yu A. "Exploring the Functional and Semantic Fields of ‘Heaven’ and ‘Hell’ Conceptual Metaphors in Media News Headlines." Professional Discourse & Communication 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2023): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2687-0126-2023-5-3-26-48.
Анотація:
The research aims to conduct a functional analysis of the opposing conceptual metaphors ‘heaven’ and ‘hell’ within English headlines from BBC and The Guardian news between 1999 and 2023. The relevance of this study lies in the need to explore the lexical meaning of fundamental theological terms based on the unreal cognitive constructs in the context of evolving social paradigms. Various research methods were employed, including continuous sampling, classification, thematic analysis, definition analysis, and semantic analysis.The findings indicate that the conceptual metaphor ‘hell’ possesses a broader semantic field compared to ‘heaven,’ both in terms of definition and function. Metaphorical usage is prevalent, but headlines also feature ‘heaven’ and ‘hell’ within idiomatic, emphatic, allusive, direct, zeugmatic phrases, and contaminations. These metaphors encompass thematic areas with polar connotational meanings:Hell: Politics (political instability, struggle, political figure replacement, anti-crisis measures), Social life (reforms, discrimination, limitations, mandatory expenses), Crimes (abuses, threats, harassment, assaults, victims), Nature (natural disasters, difficult conditions, environmental catastrophes), Sport (injuries, competition, psychological attacks, overcoming), Entertainment (poor quality service, bad habits, imbalance, disruptions), Travel (unforeseen circumstances, transport collapses), Culture (culture shock).Heaven: Politics (political decisions, electoral victories), Social life (festivals, feasts, family relations, relationships between generations), Crimes (controversy resolution, search for solutions), Nature (biodiversity, renewal of nature), Sport (victories, lucrative contracts, goal achievement), Entertainment (parties, bright performances, romanticism), Travel (pleasure, rest, nature), Culture (acquaintance with outstanding cultural objects, visiting cultural events).This research demonstrates that the dichotomous representation of the conceptual metaphors ‘heaven’ and ‘hell’ is marked by polyfunctionality, driven by the universal evaluative component inherent in their meaning, rooted in the implied polarization of the concepts ‘good’ and ‘bad.’ The emotional and moral dimensions contribute to heightened news perception and effective communication within media discourse.
37
Shamova, N. V., and L. N. Ponomarenko. "German Youth Language: Word-Formation Types of Suffix Nouns and Their Semantic Relations." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 5 (May 30, 2020): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-5-171-191.
Анотація:
The article is devoted to the study of word-formation types in modern German youth slang and a description of their systemic paradigmatic relations. The research material was a large group of suffix nouns, presented in the dictionaries of youth slang, as well as on youth literature sites. The suffix nouns formed by the word-formation type “producing basis + suffix” are analyzed in the article. The deep connections of motivating and motivated units are revealed, which reflect the logic of the connections of objects of reality in the linguistic consciousness, and the implementation of these relations in word-formation types is also traced. As a result of the analysis of word-formation meanings in the group of German nouns, which are youth slangisms constructed according to the “base + suffix” model, 4 main word-formation types were identified. The analysis proves that the thematic associations of the same word-formation type are in a variety of paradigmatic relationships, which at the lexical level are manifested in the form of synonymy, hypo- and hyperonymy, antonymy and polysemy. The word-formation types of suffix nouns studied in this work allowed to conclude that the intra-type and inter-type semantic relations are manifested most variably in the lexical-semantic field “Human designation”.
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Kasatkina, Tatyana Yurievna. "ASSOCIATIVE FIELD AS A MODEL FOR WORD MEANING ANALYSIS." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2020-14-4-589-603.
Анотація:
Based on the material of the Udmurt language, the article considers a field approach to the study of a word meaning from psycholinguistic positions. The relevance of addressing the study of word semantics in this perspective is determined by the fact that such studies with native speakers of the Udmurt language have not been conducted before. Also, the material of this study will provide an opportunity for further cross-language comparative work. The main method of research is the free associative experiment (FAE), which allows a researcher to identify the most relevant lexical and semantic variants of a word for the experimental group of the Udmurt language speakers. The task of this type of work is to study the collective consciousness, which makes it necessary to conduct a mass survey in order to obtain a representative sample. The associative field obtained during the experiment is represents a model and tool for analyzing the semantics of a word. The composition of the associative field, the nature and ratio of reactions in it can significantly change the idea of the meaning of the word as a communicative unit. In order to communicate successfully, it is necessary to have not only a common code, but also a common knowledge about the associative environment of the word, i.e. its associative-verbal network. Associative field of any word has a core with the most frequent reactions and a periphery and is manifested in a variety of semantic, thematic-situational and evaluative-pragmatic relationships. This article presents an analysis of the associative fields of the Udmurt lexemes KORKA/HOUSE, ADYAMI /HUMAN and ULON/LIFE in order to identify the most relevant components of the word meaning for spea-kers of the Udmurt language. The experimental data obtained were consistently compared with the data from lexicographic sources in order to establish the psychologically relevant meaning of the studied words and their designated concepts.
39
Fera, Ardian. "PREPOSITIONS AND THEIR SYNTACTIC USE IN ALBANIAN AND ENGLISH." Knowledge International Journal 31, no. 2 (June 5, 2019): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3102571f.
Анотація:
A preposition is a word or set of words that indicates location or some other relationship between a noun or pronoun and other parts of the sentence. It refers to the word or phrase which shows the relationship between one thing and another, linking nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. They are abstract words that have no concrete meaning. They merely show the relationships between groups of words. Within a preposition, there are many different variations in meaning that are conveyed. The proper interpretation of prepositions is an important issue for automatic natural language understanding. Although the complexity of preposition usage has been argued for and documented by various scholars in linguistics, psycholinguistics, and computational linguistics, very few studies have been done on the function of prepositions in natural language processing (NLP) applications. The reason is that prepositions are probably the most polysemous category and thus, their linguistic realizations are difficult to predict and their cross-linguistic regularities difficult to identify. Prepositions play a major role in the syntactic structures of the English language and they often make an essential contribution to sentence meaning by signifying temporal and spatial relationships, as well as abstract relations involving cause and purpose, agent and instrument, manner and accompaniment, support and much more. They are sensitive linguistic elements that are culturally acceptable and very well known to all members of the same linguistic community. According to cognitive semantics, the figurative senses of a preposition are extended from its spatial senses through conceptual metaphors. In a pedagogical context, it may be useful to draw learners' attention to those aspects of a preposition's spatial sense that are especially relevant for its metaphorization processes. Prepositions have type restrictions on their arguments, they assign thematic roles, and they have a semantic content, possibly underspecified. The only difference with the other open-class categories like nouns, verbs or adjectives is that they do not have any morphology.
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Dudnikova, L. V., and V. V. Moskat. "FACTITIVE CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN MODERN FRENCH (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NOVEL BY L. SLIMANI «THE COUNTRY OF OTHERS»)." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 4(39) (December 31, 2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2023.78.92.002.
Анотація:
Statement of the problem. Causation is one of the leading ways of expressing subject-object relations, as well as causal relationships in the linguistic and extralinguistic environment. This article discusses the lexical and grammatical category of the causative and the means of its representation in modern French. Particular attention is paid to the study of causative constructions as the leading and most frequent way of updating the causative meaning in French. Results. As part of the study, the semantic classification of the verbs with a causative meaning was studied, including factitive, permissive and assistive types. Due to the thematic conditionality of this work, the semantic features of the causative constructions of the factitive type, presented in the text of the novel by the modern French author L. Slimani «The country of others», in particular its first («War, war, war») and the second part («Watch us dance»). Based on the analysis carried out during the study, 211 constructions with factitive causation were identified in both parts of the novel. It was possible to establish that the construction faire + inf. (to force to do something) is most often used: «War, war, war» – 36%, «Watch us dance» –43%. Also, the construction ordonner de + inf. (to order to do something), the percentage of which was: «War, war, war» – 25%, «Watch us dance» –18%, was also second in frequency of use. Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the opinion of some gallist scientists that faire + inf. is the most frequent example of the expression of factitive causative semantics in French. However, in addition to the named construction with the verb faire, in both parts of the novel the construction with the verb ordonner is repeatedly used.
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Ribera i Condomina, Josep E., Maria Josep Marín Jordà, and Núria Alturo Monné. "Els mecanismes de referència en la interfície gramàtica-discurs. Cohesió, coherència i cognició." Quaderns de Filologia - Estudis Lingüístics 23, no. 23 (December 24, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/qf.23.13518.
Анотація:
Referential cohesion integrates a series of phoric-type lexical grammatical mechanisms that exhibit syntactic and semantic links between discursive entities. By means of referential devices, textual meanings interweave so that a series of coreferential and meaning networks are created through which nouns are linked in order to contribute to textual cohesion.
As a phenomenon that includes pronominalisation, ellipsis or zero anaphora, textual deixis (which essentially materialises in a non-exophoric use of demonstratives) and a variety of lexical cohesion devices (relationships of repetition, reiteration and association), referential cohesion is located at the interface between grammatical and pragmatic-discursive levels. On the one hand, it establishes structural and hierarchical syntactic-semantic relations between sentence constituents; on the other hand, it reveals the degree of activation of discursive entities in the memory of interlocutors and therefore shows evidence of discursive organisation, which licences an interpretation of thematic progression and coherence. Thus, the variety of referential mechanisms is linked to textual cohesion in the microstructural level. It stands as an obvious and tangible trace of coherence relations at the level of macrostructure and allows to track the cognitive processes by which interlocutors interact in order to communicate - the main aim of discourse - at the contextual and pragmatic levels.
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Quayle, Michael, Alanna Wurm, Harley Barnes, Thomas Barr, Erin Beal, Mairead Fallon, Rachel Flynn, et al. "Stereotyping by omission and commission: Creating distinctive gendered spectacles in the televised coverage of the 2015 Australian Open men’s and women’s tennis singles semi-finals and finals." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 54, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690217701889.
Анотація:
This paper explores the way in which announcers created spectacle in the Eurosport coverage of the men’s and women’s tennis singles semi-finals and finals at the Australian Open 2015. This was an event where gender representations were under global social media scrutiny after two female players were asked to ‘twirl’ for the audience. We used a two-phase thematic analysis. Semantic thematic analysis showed that more personal descriptions were directed at women than men and these often described off-court features. Descriptions of men included detailed and specific portrayals of physical characteristics, while women’s bodies were seldom referred to specifically. Discourse analysis showed that men’s games were spoken of as physical clashes between titans. In contrast, women’s matches were described in aesthetic rather than physical terms and ‘diva-like’ personalities and relationships were important features of women’s game narratives. While male bodies were described in specific detail where relevant to technical features of the game, women’s bodies were only described indirectly and non-specifically. For the women’s game, this dialogical repression of specific body talk in combination with a strong focus on aesthetic judgements invoked stereotypes by omission, simultaneously reinscribing gender stereotypes and emphasizing their importance by communicating taboo. These gendered commentaries created distinctive gendered spectacles for the men’s and women’s events.
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Tsurkan, Ihor. "MUSIC AND MUSICAL ELEMENT SHAPES IN OLEKSANDR OLES’ LYRIC POETRY AND POLISH SYMBOLISTS." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 37 (2021): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2021.37.336-353.
Анотація:
The article deals with the symbolism of music and musical elements image in the poetic systems of Ukrainian lyricist and polish symbolists. Music and musical elements images are figurative and symbolic art equivalent of poetic in Olek-sandr Oles’ autoreceptive discourse. In a variety of forms musical element is not only constant attribute of shape series thematic paradigm of Oleksandr Oles’ poems, but a powerful jet of vivid artistic symbolism, which in different variations, with subtle neuenswander of its different semantic and stylistic color shades, is transformed into a permanent symbolic leitmotif that accompanies all the works of the poet. Semantic and poetical features of artistic symbolism individual style of Olex-ander Oles sare performed in the proposed study. Attention is focused on the image of music and musical elements in the Ukrainian lyricist poetic systems.In the poetic work of Olexander Oles his numerous musical allusions, for which analogies are established between semantics and poetics, as well as the range of subjects of the poetic text with the performers and the specifics of the artistic element of the musical work, are constant. Among the musical definitions which are most often used by Alexander Oles, emphasizing the organic kinship of the poetic and musical elements, in his work there are symbolic images of song, singing or strings. Musical resonance in the soul of the poet is extremely often caused by the sounds of the natural environ-ment, especially birds singing.The image of the “winged song”, which is similar to winged birds, becomes a leitmotif image-symbol that defines the semantic dominant of autoreceptive sing-ing reflections of the elements of musical/poetic in the lyrics of Olexander Oles.Walkthrough for the lyrics of Olexander Oles is the image of “broken strings”, which symbolize a wide range of poet’s emotional reactions to the significant events of different periods of his life, associated mainly with the motives of unsuc-cessful love relationships; misunderstanding; disappointment caused by the in-ability or unwillingness of compatriots to stand up for a decisive defense of their political rights and freedoms; creative fatigue of the poet, due to the processes of inevitable aging.
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Colin, C., J. Samuel, S. Servigne, C. Bortolaso, and G. Gesquière. "CREATING CONTEXTUAL VIEW OF CMMS ASSETS USING GEOSPATIAL 2D/3D DATA." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W2-2022 (October 14, 2022): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w2-2022-37-2022.
Анотація:
Abstract. Computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) aim to assist administration and maintenance agents in their asset maintenance tasks (e.g., building, network, air conditioning, faucets maintenance). In this context, geospatial data can help to have a better understanding of the assets they represent by providing additional information: spatial, thematic, temporal, or inter-object relationships. Using such information often leads to interoperability issues as different domains describe them with different data models, like Building Information Modeling (using the Industry Foundation Classes format) and Geographic Information System (using the CityGML format). Spatial information, and particularly 2D or 3D geometry, are stored using heterogeneous representations (e.g., triangle soup, boundary representation, sweep volume, composite solids). Visualization and navigation in the information provided by multiple data sources remain a problem, as there is a need to understand the domains, languages, and models used to describe them. Furthermore, there is a need for solutions to integrate geometric data to manage and visualize existing 2D or 3D representations of assets in geospatial data stores while being able to retrieve additional information using semantic data stores. We propose, in this paper, a methodology to integrate heterogeneous geospatial data in the same viewer by transforming geometric data to a standardized format while keeping a link to sources, in order to navigate in the context of an asset by visualizing its spatial and thematic information.
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Almajeedy, Abdulsalam Moqbel. "Structural and Thematic Coherence in Qur’ānic Sūrahs (Taswīr): A New Domain in Qur’ānic inimitability (Sūrat Al-Nisā’ as a model)." مجلة كلية الشريعة و الدراسات الإسلامية 40, no. 1 (January 2022): 247–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/jcsis.2022.0321.
Анотація:
Objectives: This study seeks to provide evidence for new aspects of the Qur’ānic eternal challenge, so as to offer humanity new insights unto the contemplation (tadabbur) of the structure and the meaning of the Qur’ān through introducing the concept of structural coherence (taswīr) of the Qur’ān; which is a pioneering and promising research area within the broader field of Qur’ānic studies. Methodology: The study employs the descriptive inductive approach which traces the relationships between the verses within the sūrahs, in addition to making use of the analytical and deductive approach in exploring new semantic areas that constitute the thematic dimensions of the entire Qur’ānic sūrah and its sub-sections. Findings: The study reached the following main results: 1. The domain of structural and thematic coherence (taswīr) of the Qur’ānic sūrahs constitutes an innovative arena that amplifies the overall interpretation of the sūrah. The concept (taswīr) itself is derived from the Arabic label given to the Qur’ān chapters . It stresses the coherence between the Qur’ānic sentences and verses as it is not only based on rhetorical or stylistic relationships but there is also some kind of geometrical structure that shows an amazing coherence among the verses, the sūrahs, the parts, and the sub-parts. As the Qur’ān is a book for life, such structural and thematic coherence should be reflected in the structuring of the different aspects of human life. 2. The Core theme of Sūrat Al-Nisā’ is: “Dispersing the human life, the divine regulation of human rights, and protecting the weak, especially women and children, from any type of oppression.” This is a holistic perspective that the Muslim Ummah can present as a civilized contribution to the United Nations as well as the entire humanity in regulating human rights. Originality: This study introduces and lays the foundations for the innovative concept of Qur’ānic taswīr, applies it to Sūrat Al-Nisā’, and reveals some uncovered treasures of the Qur’ānic meanings. By doing so, the study furthermore provides implications for guiding humanity and rescuing it from sufferings through employing this aspect of the Qur’ān in reinforcing international communication.
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Sokolova, Zhanna V. "Thesaurus as a source of normalized branch scientific vocabulary." Library & Information Discourse 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/2791-2841-2022-2-2-19-23.
Анотація:
The results of scientific work for updating of the polythematic Information and Search Thesaurus on Agriculture and Foods (IST) developed in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Central Scientific Agricultural Library» (FSNSI CSAL) are presented. The work is carried out to accurately represent the content of documents in the process of indexing, providing the unified data presentation, adequately describing subject domains and increasing the searching possibilities of the thesaurus. The
main functions of the IST, which is a complex terminological
system with different kinds of semantic relationships between its elements (lexical units (LU)), are considered. The role of the IST as a branch reference of scientific vocabulary is particularly noted. During the investigation the IST content has been essentially enriched with new lexis in the following subject domains: plant protection, zoology, microbiology, botany, forest husbandry, agronomy The result of the research work on updating is a new version of the IST containing 62682 LU. More than 27 600 LU are scientific (Latin) names of organisms (of which 1 782 are new). In total, nearly 2 700 LU have been corrected (added, changed,
deleted). More than 2 800 links between terms (hierarchic,
synonymic and associative) have been added. The updated
version of the thesaurus, which includes new terminology,
enables adequate description of the subject areas, accurate
disclosure of the content of a document during its scientific
processing. It is an effective tool for indexing and thematic
search. The creation and development of IST of the FSNSI CSAL is in line with the current level of thesaurus development. The scope of the IST, the development of its vocabulary items and the semantic relationships of the terms represented in it make it possible to describe the subject areas related to agriculture, the food industry and related disciplines quite comprehensively.
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Burska, Katarzyna. "Nawiązanie do świata przyrody w propozycjach nazewniczych restauracji w łódzkim Orientarium." LingVaria 18, no. 2(36) (November 14, 2023): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.20.
Анотація:
REFERENCE TO THE WORLD OF NATURE IN SUGGESTIONS OF RESTAURANT NAMES IN THE ORIENTARIUM IN ŁÓDŹ The aim of the article is to indicate which lexical elements from the thematic field of nature were used by the Internet users during constructing the names of restaurants in the Orientarium in Łódź submitted to the competition organized on the official profile of Łódź on Facebook, with particular emphasis on the motivation of the examined propria and appellative bases. The material basis is 531 naming proposals in which a reference to the world of nature was visible. Semantic-pragmatic analysis with elements of structural analysis was used in the research. Internet users exposed their relationships with fauna and flora by placing the noun animal and its derivatives, using the adjectives natural and wild, recalling the characteristics of animals and their places of residence and foodacquisition. There were less frequent references to plants and water, as well as other natural phenomena.The largest group are chrematonyms based on the names of various animals. Many names havea positive value, which has a persuasive function. The presence of a plant or animal component allows you to show the relationship between the name and the location of the restaurant in Orientarium.
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Onan, Aytuğ, and Hesham Alhumyani. "Contextual Hypergraph Networks for Enhanced Extractive Summarization: Introducing Multi-Element Contextual Hypergraph Extractive Summarizer (MCHES)." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (May 29, 2024): 4671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114671.
Анотація:
Extractive summarization, a pivotal task in natural language processing, aims to distill essential content from lengthy documents efficiently. Traditional methods often struggle with capturing the nuanced interdependencies between different document elements, which is crucial to producing coherent and contextually rich summaries. This paper introduces Multi-Element Contextual Hypergraph Extractive Summarizer (MCHES), a novel framework designed to address these challenges through an advanced hypergraph-based approach. MCHES constructs a contextual hypergraph where sentences form nodes interconnected by multiple types of hyperedges, including semantic, narrative, and discourse hyperedges. This structure captures complex relationships and maintains narrative flow, enhancing semantic coherence across the summary. The framework incorporates a Contextual Homogenization Module (CHM), which harmonizes features from diverse hyperedges, and a Hypergraph Contextual Attention Module (HCA), which employs a dual-level attention mechanism to focus on the most salient information. The innovative Extractive Read-out Strategy selects the optimal set of sentences to compose the final summary, ensuring that the latter reflects the core themes and logical structure of the original text. Our extensive evaluations demonstrate significant improvements over existing methods. Specifically, MCHES achieves an average ROUGE-1 score of 44.756, a ROUGE-2 score of 24.963, and a ROUGE-L score of 42.477 on the CNN/DailyMail dataset, surpassing the best-performing baseline by 3.662%, 3.395%, and 2.166% respectively. Furthermore, MCHES achieves BERTScore values of 59.995 on CNN/DailyMail, 88.424 on XSum, and 89.285 on PubMed, indicating superior semantic alignment with human-generated summaries. Additionally, MCHES achieves MoverScore values of 87.432 on CNN/DailyMail, 60.549 on XSum, and 59.739 on PubMed, highlighting its effectiveness in maintaining content movement and ordering. These results confirm that the MCHES framework sets a new standard for extractive summarization by leveraging contextual hypergraphs for better narrative and thematic fidelity.
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Ndiribe, Matthew Onyebuchi. "A Minimalist Analysis of Verbal Complementation in Igbo." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1105.02.
Анотація:
The study investigates the verbal complementation in Igbo using the Minimalist perspective. In discussing the subject matter, such concepts as verb complementation, reflexive complementation and infinitival complementation are analysed. The objectives of the study are to find out how co-occurrence restrictions, thematic roles, theta criterion, subcategorisation frame and c-command could play crucial roles in selecting the complements of verbs. The study made use of written data, oral communication and introspection as the methods of data collection. The research adopted the standard Igbo as the area of study. The data are analysed using word- for- word English transliteration and then followed by English semantic gloss. The study discovers that the Igbo verbal complementation obeys the rules of adjacency and c-command. The verbs subcategorise its complements based on the relationships existing between the verbs and the complements. The head verb and its complement establish the path of union and intersection in the syntactic form. The concept of theta criterion determines the true nomenclature of the subjects in linguistic structures.
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McLay Paterson, Amy, and Nicole Eva. "“Always at Work”: Canadian Academic Librarian Work During COVID-19." Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research 17, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/partnership.v17i2.6783.
Анотація:
To learn about the experiences of librarians working through COVID-19, we conducted semi-structured interviews with academic librarians from across Canada on issues such as workload, collegiality, and overall satisfaction with their working conditions during the pandemic. Themes emerged around job security, workload changes (both in terms of hours worked and the type of work being done), working from home, relationships with colleagues and administrators (including the perceived speed of the institution’s pandemic response and the state of communication from or with administration), and hopes for the future. This article focuses on the semantic elements of librarian work during COVID-19 uncovered during thematic analysis, including an in-depth discussion of how academic librarians’ workload changed; a second planned article will focus on latent themes on the caring nature of library work. This study connects isolated individual situations with the overall picture of what librarians’ work looked and felt like during the COVID-19 pandemic. For library administrators, we identify the ways in which institutional support helped or hindered librarians in doing their work.