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Статті в журналах з теми "Semantic Differential Scale"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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1

Lorr, Maurice, and Richard A. Wunderlich. "A semantic differential mood scale." Journal of Clinical Psychology 44, no. 1 (January 1988): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198801)44:1<33::aid-jclp2270440106>3.0.co;2-n.

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2

Themistocleous, Christos, Anastasios Pagiaslis, Andrew Smith, and Christian Wagner. "A comparison of scale attributes between interval-valued and semantic differential scales." International Journal of Market Research 61, no. 4 (March 12, 2019): 394–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785319831227.

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This article presents the results of an exploratory study comparing interval-valued scales (IVSs) and semantic differential scales (SDSs). The article investigates consumer perceptions regarding specific scale attributes and utilizes a controlled, between-subjects, experimental pen-and-paper design to assess the preferences of respondents when using the IVSs and SDSs. The rationale of this comparison lies with the fact that the newly introduced IVS has a built-in mechanism that allows the direct capture of respondent uncertainty toward the asked question, a feature that is absent from the SDS and other widely used, single-point capturing scales in marketing research such as the Likert and Stapel. Results show that overall consumer preferences of the IVS and SDS are equal, although “speed of use” results favor the IVS. The consistency of respondent evaluations regarding the two scales may indicate their interchangeability in marketing research and opens up pathways for future exploration of IVSs for the accumulation of more reliable and robust results. The main contribution of the article is the introduction of a novel IVS, within the context of marketing, for collecting respondent answers while also directly capturing respondent uncertainty. Furthermore, this article adds to the discussion of consumer perceptions and preferences regarding different scales, scale development, and optimal rating scales that may lessen ambiguity for survey respondents and researchers.

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3

AYDOĞMUŞ, Melike Eğer. "ADAPTATION OF THE AGING SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL SCALE INTO TURKISH." Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31086/tjgeri.2021.222.

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4

Lawson, Edwin D. "Sex-Related Values and Attitudes of College Students: A Sexism Scale vs the Semantic Differential." Psychological Reports 64, no. 2 (April 1989): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.64.2.463.

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To measure sexist attitudes, 50 men and 50 women completed two instruments One was a nondisguised type—the Rombough-Ventimiglia Sexism Scale; the other disguised—the semantic differential with ratings on sex-role concepts. On the basis of scores on the Rombough-Ventimiglia Scale, men were divided into High (traditional) and Low (emancipated) scoring groups. The same procedure was followed for women's scores. As expected the Rombough-Ventimiglia scales showed significant differences between High and Low attitude groups and also between men and women. However, the semantic differential comparisons between High and Low scoring groups for men show significant differences on only three of the 36 concepts rated; women's scores show 10 significant differences. Comparisons between men and women on the semantic differential show significant differences on 20 concepts. The results can be interpreted as indicating that men may introduce a certain element of distortion in responding to conventional sexism scales.

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5

Bilgin, Mehmet. "Developing a cognitive flexibility scale: Validity and reliability studies." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 37, no. 3 (April 1, 2009): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.3.343.

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This research was aimed at developing a scale for measuring the cognitive flexibility of adolescents. This scale will help us to understand how flexible individuals are in regard to themselves, others, and the environment. It consists of 19 items and is in the form of semantic differentials. Reliability and validity were tested using a sample of 637 adolescents. The Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) was prepared so it was parallel to the structure of the 3 dimensions of semantic differential scales. The 3 dimensions in the CFS explain 51.33% of total variance of the scale. The internal consistency for the scale was found to be .92. Item-total correlations of the items were between .49 and .63. Test-retest correlation coefficiency within an eight-week interval was .77, and the split-half coefficiency was .87. In the criterion validity tests of the scale, the divergent validity was tested by means of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (Weissman & Beck, 1978). The correlation between the two scales was found to be -.44.

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6

Brennan, Mike, and John Kirkland. "Comparison of Semantic Differential Scale Sets for Describing Infants' Cries." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 3 (June 1987): 971–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.3.971.

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The present study examined the relationships between the scale sets reported by Brennan and Kirkland in 1983, Mehrabian and Russell in 1974, and Zeskind and Lester in 1978. A combined factor analysis of listeners' ratings on 10 short cry sounds confirmed the factor structures reported earlier. The eight Zeskind and Lester scale items as well as the Mehrabian and Russell pleasure/displeasure factor-scale items loaded on a single factor, named Affect, which is a subset of the Brennan and Kirkland scale set. The results suggest listeners' feelings of arousal cannot be accounted for solely in terms of the unpleasant/arousing qualities of cry sounds or attributed to either the potency or the perceived importance of the cries.

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7

Manuel, Ojea Rúa. "Semantic Integration Scale to People Diagnosis with Autism Spectrum Disorder." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss10.2680.

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This study's basic aim is evaluating the Semantic Integration Scale (SIS) to give a specific complementary differential instrument in relation to information processing shape of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, therefore, facilitate the differential diagnosis of people with ASD regarding normotypic people. A total of 376 participants have been selected between 10 and 16 age, distributed in 2 groups, 1 experimental groups formed of people with ASD= 156 and 1 normotypical control group, composed by 220 participants. The conclusive differential analysis of the comparative level between experimental and control group, corresponding to 6 subdimensions of SIS, carried out through t-test for 2 independent samples, it´s concluded the comparative data are significantly different between both groups: experimental and control group, which allows deducing the specificity of this Scale like complementary diagnosis adapted to people with ASD.

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8

Ibrahim, Marzuki. "The Preservation of Malaysian Identity in Jewelry Design through Semantic Differential Scale in Teaching and Learning Process." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP7 (July 25, 2020): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp7/20202152.

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9

Stoklasa, Jan, Tomáš Talášek, and Jana Stoklasová. "Semantic differential for the twenty-first century: scale relevance and uncertainty entering the semantic space." Quality & Quantity 53, no. 1 (May 7, 2018): 435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-018-0762-1.

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10

Hawkins, Robert O. "Comparative Study of Three Measures of Sexual Jealousy." Psychological Reports 61, no. 2 (October 1987): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.2.539.

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Анотація:

To determine whether several measures of sexual jealousy identify theorized group differences, three measures were compared, the Interpersonal Jealousy Scale developed by Mathes and Severa, the Semantic Differential Technique of Osgood, Suci, and Tannenbaum, and a single-item Self-rating Jealousy scale. While the first two were sensitive to group differences in jealousy, the third was not. Suggestions for improvement of the Semantic Differential are also included.

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11

Hughes, Charles, Rodney Gabel, and Scott Palasik. "Talking About Stuttering With a Known Person Who Stutters: Impact on Perceptions Towards Stuttering." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 21, no. 2 (May 2011): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd21.2.50.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which talking about stuttering with a known person who stuttered affected perceptions towards stuttering. A total of 152 participants completed survey items related to demographic information, perceptions of the known person who stutters, and whether or not they discussed stuttering with the person they knew. Finally, participants completed two separate semantic differential scales. The first scale was completed in regard to the person participants knew who stuttered, while the second semantic differential scale was completed regarding a hypothetical “average” person who stuttered. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted for these two semantic differential scales, with the effect of the independent variable of whether participants talked about stuttering with the known person who stuttered. Findings revealed that talking about stuttering with a known person who stuttered did not affect perceptions towards the person or an average person who stuttered. Despite this finding, it should be noted that participants reported relatively positive attitudes towards both the person they knew who stuttered and the average person who stuttered. Future research should continue to explore the benefits of disclosure or discussing stuttering for both people who stutter and listeners.

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12

Palmiter, David J., and David E. Silber. "Assessing the Validity of the Semantic Differential Portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3_suppl (June 2001): 1235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1235.

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This study investigated the validity of the semantic differential portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test with 225 undergraduates who completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale, actual-self and ideal-self semantic differential scales (e.g., Actual-self and Ideal-self), and either the Apperceptive Personality Test or a modified version. A projected-self score was calculated using the semantic differential ratings of the hero(ine) character on the test, e.g., Projected-self. A strong negative correlation indicated that, as the difference between the Ideal-self and Actual-self decreased, the difference between the Actual-self and Projected-self increased. Discriminant analyses indicated that highly guarded participants, e.g., high Social Desirability scores, showed more congruency between Ideal-self and Actual-self and less congruency between Actual-self ratings and Projected-self on the APT than did less guarded participants. When the difference scores incorporated only those semantic differential items that loaded on an Evaluative factor, the same result of discriminant analysis was found when participants who completed the modified version were included. These findings support the validity of the test's semantic differential items and suggest that guardedness tends to promote more similarity between Actual-self and Ideal-self and less similarity between Actual-self and Projected-self.

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13

Bonner, P. Greg, and William R. George. "An Image Scale for Nonprofit Voluntary Organizations." Journal of Voluntary Action Research 17, no. 3-4 (July 1988): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764088017003-406.

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An inventory of scale items for a tailormade semantic differential is developed to measure the image of nonprofit voluntary organizations. The sixty-three items yield twelve first-order factors. Second-order factor analysis provides unifying constructs within the domain of voluntary organizations' image. Coefficient alpha reliability estimates indicate a highly reliable measurement scale.

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14

Bonner, P. Greg, and William R. George. "An Image Scale for Nonprofit Voluntary Organizations." Journal of Voluntary Action Research 17, no. 3-4 (July 1988): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089976408801700306.

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Анотація:

An inventory of scale items for a tailormade semantic differential is developed to measure the image of nonprofit voluntary organizations. The sixty-three items yield twelve first-order factors. Second-order factor analysis provides unifying constructs within the domain of voluntary organizations’ image. Coefficient alpha reliability estimates indicate a highly reliable measurement scale.

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15

Tracey, Arroll, and Richmond. "Attitudes to recertification measured over time using a validated semantic differential scale." Medical Education 33, no. 5 (May 1999): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00263.x.

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16

Francis, Leslie J., Mandy Robbins, and Harry M. Gibson. "A revised semantic differential scale distinguishing between negative and positive God images." Journal of Beliefs & Values 27, no. 2 (August 2006): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13617670600850083.

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17

Ryu, MiYoung, and SeonKwan Han. "Analysis of Software Image using Semantic Differential Scale in Elementary School Students." Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education 20, no. 5 (December 31, 2016): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14352/jkaie.20.4.527.

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18

Ryu, Miyoung, and Seonkwan Han. "Image of Artificial Intelligence of Elementary Students by using Semantic Differential Scale." Korean Association of Information Education 21, no. 5 (October 31, 2017): 527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14352/jkaie.21.5.527.

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19

Beckmeyer, Jonathon J., Lawrence H. Ganong, Marilyn Coleman, and Melinda Stafford Markham. "Experiences With Coparenting Scale: A Semantic Differential Measure of Postdivorce Coparenting Satisfaction." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 10 (February 26, 2016): 1471–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x16634764.

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Using data from 280 divorced or separated parents, we provide initial evidence of the psychometric properties and validity of the Experiences with Coparenting Scale (ECS), an 11-item semantic differential measure of divorced parents’ satisfaction with their coparenting relationships. The ECS consisted of a single factor with high internal reliability. ECS scores were significantly associated with self-reported coparenting behaviors and intentions, even after controlling for demographic variables and participants’ positive feelings about their ex-spouses. Therefore, we conclude that the ECS is a brief measure of the affective domain of postdivorce coparenting. We discuss how the ECS can be used by researchers to enhance their understanding of the development and impacts of postdivorce coparenting and by practitioners as part of family programs for divorced and divorcing parents.

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20

Caughey, Carol C., and Sally K. Francis. "Perceptions of Design Practitioners." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 2 (April 1993): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.2.539.

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This study examined differences between perceived personality characteristics of a trained interior designer and of an untrained interior decorator. Subjects were 256 students who read a narrative description of a designer or a decorator and rated her personality traits by using a semantic differential scale. Factor analysis of the 17 adjective pairs of the semantic differential scale generated 5 factors: Professional, Extroverted, Creative, Intuitive, and Scientific. Narrative descriptions of practitioners' training had no significant effects on any of the 5 factors, thereby supporting the hypothesis that there would be no differences perceived between the trained interior designer and the untrained interior decorator.

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21

Helwig, Andrew A., and Nanci Avitable. "School Children's Responses on a Semantic Differential over a 10-Year Span." Psychological Reports 95, no. 1 (August 2004): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.95.1.345-354.

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A semantic differential scale was administered to 208 school children when they were in the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, and twelfth grades. Their perceptions towards two concepts were measured, Education (going to school) and Work (having a job). Each semantic differential scale had 15 adjective pairs and reflected the three underlying factors of Evaluative, Potency, and Activity. Because the study was conducted for 10 years (ages seven to 18), the changing cognitive developmental stages of the children were expected to influence factor analytic and reliability results. Confirmatory factor analysis, which forced the data into three factors, did not clearly identify the expected three factors, although more items loaded on the three factors with age. An exploratory factor analysis identified a trend across grades from six to four factors over time. Reliability also improved across age groups. Caution should be exercised when using the semantic differential with young children in investigations of abstract concepts.

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22

Olaogun, Matthew O. B., Rufus A. Adedoyin, Innocent C. Ikem, and Olubusayo R. Anifaloba. "Reliability of rating low back pain with a visual analogue scale and a semantic differential scale." Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 20, no. 2 (January 2004): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593980490453048.

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23

Kriyantono, Rachmat. "Aplikasi Teori Osgood untuk Evaluasi Pemaknaan Internal Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Co-branding." Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 17, no. 2 (September 2, 2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/jik.v17i2.2855.

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Анотація:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan teori makna semantik (Semantic Meaning) dan skala diferensial semantik (Semantic Differential Scale) dari Osgood untuk mengevaluasi produk co-branding, sebagai strategi komunikasi pemasaran. Hipotesis pertama yang dirumuskan adalah produk co-brand memiliki makna yang berbeda dari konsumen potensial walaupun produk tersebut identik. Hipotesis kedua adalah merek induk mendapatkan makna yang lebih positif - evaluasi, aktivitas, potensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei terhadap 111 mahasiswa, hipotesis penelitian telah dibuktikan. Temuan ini juga mengonfirmasi beberapa faktor yang menentukan efektivitas strategi co-branding, seperti persepsi responden, merek induk, perusahaan atau ekuitas merek, dan kemampuan perusahaan untuk memenuhi produk dengan kebutuhan konsumen. Penelitian memberikan kontribusi untuk mengembangkan studi komunikasi pemasaran di Indonesia, khususnya subjek co-branding. Sangat sedikit penelitian empiris kuantitatif dari para akademisi di bidang ini meskipun co-branding telah digunakan sebagai stimulus eksternal kepada konsumen dalam komunikasi pemasaran.

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24

Intrieri, Robert C., and Rebecca A. Dunterman. "GENDER DIFFERENCES ACROSS THE AGING SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL AND THE FRABONI SCALE OF AGEISM." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S81—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.316.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes about aging between groups of raters categorized by gender, using the Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Rosencrantz & McNevin, 1969) and the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA, Fraboni, Saltstone, & Hughes, 1990). The current study assesses the relationships between the four factors of Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Instrumentality, Autonomy, Acceptability, and Integrity) as well as the three factors of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA; Antilocution, Discrimination, and Avoidance) across gender groups. The convenience sample consisted of 471 undergraduate students, with a mean age of 19.68 (SD = 2.28). The mean age for men was 19.88 (SD = 3.31) and for women was 19.56 (SD = 1.37). A series of four ANOVAs were conducted using the ASD factors. Results showed significance for the ASD-Instrumental (F(1, 470) = 4.922, p = .027); ASD-Acceptability F(1, 470) = 8.616, p = .003), and the ASD-Integrity factors F(1, 470) = 4.475, p = .035). Men endorsed more positive attitudes than women on both the Acceptability and Integrity factors. Women endorsed more positive attitudes on the Instrumental factor. Similar ANOVAs were conducted across the three Fraboni Scale of Ageism factors. Significant differences between men and women were only obtained across the Avoidance factor (F(1, 470) = 12.187, p = .001) with endorsing higher avoidance scores than women. Taken together these results show differential effects across three ASD factors between men and women while men demonstrated higher scores on the FSA Avoidance scale.

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25

Robazza, Claudio, Montse C. Ruiz, and Laura Bortoli. "Psychobiosocial experiences in sport: Development and initial validation of a semantic differential scale." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 55 (July 2021): 101963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101963.

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26

Siegler, Aaron J., Sarah Wiatrek, Farah Mouhanna, K. Rivet Amico, Karen Dominguez, Jeb Jones, Rupa R. Patel, Leandro A. Mena, and Kenneth H. Mayer. "Validation of the HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Stigma Scale: Performance of Likert and Semantic Differential Scale Versions." AIDS and Behavior 24, no. 9 (March 10, 2020): 2637–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02820-6.

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27

Yu, Julie H., Gerald Albaum, and Michael Swenson. "Is a Central Tendency Error Inherent in the Use of Semantic Differential Scales in Different Cultures?" International Journal of Market Research 45, no. 2 (March 2003): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147078530304500203.

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This paper examines the effect of alternative scale formats on reporting the nature and extent of attitudes toward grocery supermarkets on bipolar semantic differential measurement scales. A traditional one-stage format and an alternative two-stage format were tested in two studies conducted in different countries. In general, the two-stage format generated the greatest percentage of extreme-position (i.e. greatest amount) responses across scales, indicating that the more usual traditional one-stage format is subject to a central tendency form-related error. A test of predictive ability showed that the two-stage format was a better predictor of shopping behaviour in one country, whereas the results for the other country were mixed, although for the most part the two-stage format did a better job of prediction. Consequently, a question can be raised about the etic attributes of this measurement scale.

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28

Gold, S. R., J. C. Andrews, and S. W. Minor. "Daydreaming, Self Concept and Academic Performance." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 5, no. 3 (March 1986): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/299t-hp2g-8kqp-fp2x.

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A continuous interaction model was proposed to explain the relationship among daydreaming, self concept and academic performance. Daydreams were hypothesized to both influence performance and attitudes and in turn be affected by performance outcomes and self concept. A second aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of a semantic differential scale as a method for subjects to rate their own daydreams. Subjects recorded school-related daydreams during two time periods in a semester, completed three self concept scales and took four psychology exams. Multiple regressions were used to analyze the proposed model. The second self concept score was predicted by the initial self concept score, daydream activity, and gender. The third self concept score was explained by the second self concept score and an exam score. The three summary dimensions of the semantic differential were independent and stable over seven weeks.

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29

Tolor, Alexander, and Daniel Geller. "Psychologists’ Attitudes toward Children Having Various Disabilities." Psychological Reports 60, no. 3_part_2 (June 1987): 1177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294187060003-234.1.

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Psychologists’ attitudes toward various disabling conditions in children were assessed on three different measures, an Adoption Scale, a Semantic Differential measure, and a Social Distance Scale. Respondents were 61 members of two state psychological associations. Disability-specific and measure-specific attitudes differed from those reported in the literature for other groups.

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30

Kriyantono, Rachmat. "Consumers' Internal Meaning on Complementary Co-Branding Product by Using Osgood's Theory of Semantic Differential." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 2, no. 2 (March 10, 2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2017.2.2(9).

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Анотація:

Objective - The research focuses on applying semantic meaning theory and semantic differential scale to marketing communication, particularly co-branding products strategy, as an external stimulus to the consumers. The research aims to evaluate a hypothesis that co-brands have different meaning from the consumers, however, the consumers would express more positive meaning –evaluation, activity, potency- toward a parent brand. Methodology/Technique - Although co-branding products have been in use for some time, there is surprisingly little quantitative empirical research on the subject. Findings – A survey on 100 respondents reveals that although co-brands –Avanza and Xenia- have identical products, they have different meaning from the consumers, and the consumers express more positive meaning –evaluation, activity, potency- toward Avanza rather than Xenia. Novelty - It contributes to develop the study of co-branding in Indonesia. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Co-branding Product, Indonesia, Marketing Communication, Osgood's Semantic Differential, Semantic Meaning Theory. JEL Classification: M31, M37.

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31

Manouvelou, Stamo, Vasilios Koutoulidis, Ioannis Tsougos, Maria Tolia, George Kyrgias, Georgios Anyfantakis, Lia-Angela Moulopoulos, Athanasios Gouliamos, and Sokratis Papageorgiou. "Differential Diagnosis of Behavioral Variant and Semantic Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia Using Visual Rating Scales." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 16, no. 4 (May 7, 2020): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405615666190225154834.

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Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represents the second most frequent early onset of dementia in people younger than 65 years. The main syndromes encompassed by the term FTD are behavioral variant of Frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) and semantic variant (SD). Aims: To assess the bvFTD and SD, which represent the most common subtypes of FTD, using visual rating scales. Methods: Brain MRI exams of 77 patients either with bvFTD (n=43) or SD (n=34) were evaluated. The rating scales used were: Global cortical atrophy (GCA), Fazekas Scale: periventricular (PV) and white matter (WM) changes, Koedam rating scale and visual scales regarding specific cortical regions: dorsofrontal (DF), orbitofrontal (OF), anterior cingulate (AC), basal ganglia (BG), anterior- temporal (AT), insula, lateral-temporal (LT), entorhinal (ERC), perirhinal (PRC), anterior fusiform( AF), anterior hippocampus (AHIP) and posterior hippocampus (PHIP). Both Left (L) and Right (R) hemispheres were evaluated. Results: R-OF (p=0.059), L-OF (p<0.0005), L-AT (p=0.047) and L-AHIP (p=0.007) have a statistically significant effect on the variable occurrence of SD compared to bvFTD. The indicators with the highest value of the area under the curve (AUC) were R-AC (0.829), L-OF (0.808), L-AC (0.791) and L-AF (0.778). Highest sensitivity was achieved by R-OF (97%) and L-AF (75%). Highest specificity was achieved by L-OF (95%), L-AT (91%) followed by R-AC (84%). Best combination of sensitivity and specificity was achieved by L-AF (74%-79%), L-OF (56%-95%) and R-OF (97%-42%). Best combination of PPV and NPV was achieved by L-OF (90%-73%), LAT (83%-72%) and R-AC (77%-77%). Conclusion: Visual rating scales can be a practical diagnostic tool in the characterization of patterns of atrophy in FTLD and may be used as an alternative to highly technical methods of quantification.

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32

Hatfield, John D., Richard B. Robinson, and Richard C. Huseman. "An Empirical Evaluation of a Test for Assessing Job Satisfaction." Psychological Reports 56, no. 1 (February 1985): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.1.39.

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Extant measures of job satisfaction range from single questions to multiple-item, multifaceted instruments. Described here is the development and validation of the Job Perception Scales, a 21-item semantic differential measure which assesses satisfaction with five job facets: work, pay, promotions, supervision, and co-workers. Convergent and discriminant validities of the scales and the Job Descriptive Index are reported. The new scale shows both validity and reliability, it can be completed quickly, and the five facets add to its diagnostic usefulness.

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Norbergh, Karl-Gustaf, Yvonne Helin, Annika Dahl, Ove Hellzén, and Kenneth Asplund. "Nurses’ Attitudes Towards People with Dementia: the semantic differential technique." Nursing Ethics 13, no. 3 (May 2006): 264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733006ne863oa.

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One important aspect of the nurse-patient relationship is nurses’ attitudes towards their patients. Nurses’ attitudes towards people with dementia have been studied from a wide range of approaches, but few authors have focused on the structure of these attitudes. This study aimed to identify a structure in licensed practical nurses’ attitudes towards people with dementia. Twenty-one group dwelling units for people with dementia at 11 nursing homes participated in the study. A total of 1 577 assessments of 178 patients were sent out to 181 respondents and 1 237 answers were returned. The semantic differential technique was used. The scale had 57 bipolar pairs of adjectives that estimate an unknown number of dimensions of nurses’ attitudes towards an identified patient. The assessments were analysed using entropy-based measures of association combined with structural plots. The analysis revealed four dimensions, which related to licensed practical nurses’ opinions of the patients: an ethical and aesthetic dimension; an ability to understand; an ability to experience; and an ability for social interaction. The results of the study indicated that, on the positive to negative attitude continuum, the nurses’ attitudes fell at the positive to neutral end. This is an important finding owing to the personhood perspective, from which it is reasonable to assume that, with a more positive attitude to people with dementia, the prerequisites for person-centred care will improve.

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Aini, Qurotul, Siti Ria Zuliana, and Nuke Puji Lestari Santoso. "Management Measurement Scale As A Reference To Determine Interval In A Variable." Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 2, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v2i1.775.

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The scale is usually used to check and determine the value of a qualitative factor in quantitative measures. The measurement scale is a management in agreement that is used as a reference to determine the short length of the interval that is in the measuring instrument, so that the measuring instrument when used in measurements will produce quantitative data. The results of the scale management calculation must be interpreted carefully because in addition to producing a rough picture, the respondent's answers are not just straightforward to be trusted. Types of measurement scales: Likert scale, Guttman scale, semantic differential scale, rating scale, Thurstone scale, Borgadus scale, and various other measurement management scales. One of the most difficult jobs for information technology researchers faced with the necessity of measuring variables is: finding directions in the midst of many existing sizes. If there is a good size for a particular variable, it seems that there are not many reasons to compile a new size yourself. Keywords: Scale, Measurement, Variables.

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35

York, Michael W., Gina A. Scruggs, and Gail P. Shaker. "Categories of Implicit Interpersonal Communication: A Replication." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.101.

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Responses of 10 men and 10 women viewing eight videotaped segments of nonverbal behavior on Leary's scale and a semantic differential confirmed no sex differences, perception of the behavior as predicted from Leary's theory. Agreement between response measures was .86. Data replicate the earlier study.

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Kaplanidou, Kyriaki, and Christine Vogt. "The Meaning and Measurement of a Sport Event Experience Among Active Sport Tourists." Journal of Sport Management 24, no. 5 (September 2010): 544–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.24.5.544.

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Destinations use sport events to attract participants and spectators, who then hold perceptions of both the sport event and destination. This research aimed to a) understand how active sport tourists perceive the meaning of a sport event experience and b) develop a scale for that meaning. Both aims are studied in a post trip context as evaluative research. Two focus groups were used to understand the meaning of the sport event experience among active sport tourists. Results from the focus groups suggest participants attribute meanings related to organizational, environmental, physical, social, and emotional aspects of the sport event experience. Next, semantic differential items were developed to measure the meaning of a sport event experience in the post trip phase. The items were tested with two different sport event participant samples using surveys. A uni-dimensionsal scale of 11 semantic differential items emerged. These items provide a measure for the evaluative meaning of a sport event experience.

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Reddy, Avneel, Tamara Ownsworth, Joshua King, and Cassandra Shields. "A biopsychosocial investigation of changes in self-concept on the Head Injury Semantic Differential Scale." Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 27, no. 8 (November 25, 2015): 1103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2015.1114499.

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Chandler, Theodore A., and Carl J. Spies. "Semantic Differential Comparisons of Attributions and Dimensions among Respondents from Seven Nations." Psychological Reports 79, no. 3 (December 1996): 747–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.79.3.747.

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Semantic classifications of 11 attributes of achievement (Bias, Help, Luck, Ability, Competence, Effort, Task, Chance, Knowledge, Skills, and Mood) were compared using a 7-point scale on the dimensions of external-internal, global-specific, controllable-uncontrollable, stable (unchangeable)-unstable (changeable), and predictable-unpredictable. There were significant cross-national differences on nine of the 11 attributions. Although there were significant differences among the meanings expressed by respondents in the different countries the largest differences were found in Israel. How a specific culture views the meaning of an attribution may help us to understand why certain attributions are or are not used in various countries and in what way they are used.

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Sektani, Hawar Himdad J., Mahmood Khayat, Masi Mohammadi, and Ana Pereira Roders. "Erbil City Built Heritage and Wellbeing: An Assessment of Local Perceptions Using the Semantic Differential Scale." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 3763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073763.

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Community perceptions and experiences of built heritage are essential in understanding the built heritage and effect in individual and community wellbeing. Subsequently, local perceptions of built heritage directly influence the conservation and heritage-led interventions. This study investigated local perceptions of built heritage in Erbil by assessing responses of 414 participants using a questionnaire survey aiming to identify how built heritage is perceived by the various group samples, exploring local perceptions’ (in)consistencies. Significant differences were found between architects’ and non-architects’ perceptions and related wellbeing. As the groups attribute different values, the results suggest that heritage buildings do not contribute to the wellbeing of non-architects as much as to architects. A contradicting result was found between modern and heritage buildings. This study contributes to the notion of human-centrality of the built environment by assessing local perceptions of built heritage, that, when implemented in urban planning and heritage management, can contribute to the city’s socio-cultural sustainable development.

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40

INOUE, Masaaki, and Toshinobu KOBAYASHI. "THE RESEARCH DOMAIN AND SCALE CONSTRUCTION OF ADJECTIVE-PAIRS IN A SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL METHOD IN JAPAN." Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology 33, no. 3 (1985): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5926/jjep1953.33.3_253.

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41

Park, Hyojung, and Sunhwa Shin. "Development and psychometric testing of a semantic differential scale of sexual attitude for the older person." Nursing & Health Sciences 17, no. 4 (August 14, 2015): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12230.

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42

Kurt, Hakan. "TURKISH STUDENT BIOLOGY TEACHERS' CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURES AND SEMANTIC ATTITUDES TOWARDS MICROBES." Journal of Baltic Science Education 12, no. 5 (October 25, 2013): 608–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/13.12.608.

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The aim of the current study is to investigate student biology teachers' cognitive structures related to "microbe". The mixed research design was applied in this study. The data were collected from 44 student biology teachers. The free word-association test, the drawing-writing technique and the semantic differential attitude scale were used as data collection instruments. The data were subject to content analysis and divided into categories through coding. With the help of these categories, the cognitive structures of student biology teacher were explained. These categories were determined as definition of microbes, microbial variety and activity, immunity. It was determined that student biology teachers' semantic attitudes towards microbe were at a neutral level in terms of mean scores of all adjectives considered; however based on each and every adjective, they mostly perceive microbes as infectious, contagious, and dirty. Moreover, the data collected through two data collection instruments indicated that student teachers had misconceptions about microbes considering the themes determined. Key words: cognitive structure, microbe, misconception, semantic differential attitudes.

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43

Martínez, Jose A., and Manuel Ruiz Marín. "D-test: A New Test for Analyzing Scale Invariance Using Symbolic Dynamics and Symbolic Entropy." Methodology 7, no. 3 (January 2011): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000026.

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The aim of this study is to improve measurement in marketing research by constructing a new, simple, nonparametric, consistent, and powerful test to study scale invariance. The test is called D-test. D-test is constructed using symbolic dynamics and symbolic entropy as a measure of the difference between the response patterns which comes from two measurement scales. We also give a standard asymptotic distribution of our statistic. Given that the test is based on entropy measures, it avoids smoothed nonparametric estimation. We applied D-test to a real marketing research to study if scale invariance holds when measuring service quality in a sports service. We considered a free-scale as a reference scale and then we compared it with three widely used rating scales: Likert-type scale from 1 to 5 and from 1 to 7, and semantic-differential scale from −3 to +3. Scale invariance holds for the two latter scales. This test overcomes the shortcomings of other procedures for analyzing scale invariance; and it provides researchers a tool to decide the appropriate rating scale to study specific marketing problems, and how the results of prior studies can be questioned.

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44

Maksymenko, Ksenia, and Olena Kudermina. "Psychosemantic Reconstruction of Health Concepts in Patients with Somatogenia." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 25, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 194–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-1-194-214.

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The article presents the results of study of the subjective psychosemantic space of patients suffering from somatogeny. The construction of a subjective semantic space is fundamentally different from the descriptive researches because it involves an experiment that simulates the certain aspects of linguistic or cognitive activity and allows the reconstruction of the system of values. This is a study of the psychosemantic structure of those semantic structures of consciousness that create a typical conceptual system of self-regulation, forming a normative and actual subjective picture of the own ideas about the health and psychological causes of its violation. On the example of patients with chronic gastroenterological and cardiovascular diseases, the author used the method of semantic differential by Ch. Ozgud with the subsequent factorization of data and has established the basic psycho-semantic parameters of such patients’ consciousness, which allows to understand how people with a certain structure of consciousness fall into the number of patients suffering from psychogeny . The semantic differential method allows us to evaluate the subjective aspect of the meanings associated with content, social settings, stereotypes and other emotionally loaded, structured, and not enough apperceived forms of generalization. The study was conducted in three stages. At the first one was used the adoption of associations. At the second stage was obtained an array of data that represented the result of applying the semantic differential method to the description of the specified categories. The third stage was aimed at working out the received factual data. Through the study, there were obtained the results as three factors. The main factor was called “Score”. The second (partial) bipolar factor absorbed three scales and received the name – antonym to the classical scale of Ch. Osgood “Weakness”. The third (partial) unipolar factor also contains three scales. It received the name “Activity”. The study revealed a number of common features that characterize the partial psychosemantic space of such patients. It was found that the psychosemantic parameters of the psychosemantic space of patients differ by its cognitively-emotional simplicity, low dimensionality, inconsistency and predominance in negative connotations. The psychosemantic structure of consciousness of the patients suffering from psychogeny involves the special efforts of clinical psychologists and psychotherapists in providing targeted psychological support and assistance to such people.

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45

Pedersen, Darhl M. "Preferred City Size by Ruralists and Urbanites." Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, no. 2 (October 1986): 441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.2.441.

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30 women rated three specific rural, urban, and metropolitan environments on an Environmental Rating Scale. The scale was a semantic differential having 23 bipolar adjectives. Half of the subjects had lived primarily in an urban area and half in a rural area. The purpose of the study was to determine preferences for the three environments by the two groups. A 2 × 3 analysis of variance yielded a significant interaction which showed that rural residents preferred a rural environment, and urbanites preferred an urban one.

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46

Village, Andrew. "What Does the Liberal-Conservative Scale Measure? A Study among Clergy and Laity in the Church of England." Journal of Empirical Theology 31, no. 2 (November 21, 2018): 194–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15709256-12341371.

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Abstract The Liberal-Conservative (LIBCON) scale is a seven-point semantic differential scale that has been widely used to measure identity within the Church of England. The history of the development of liberalism in the Church of England suggests that this scale should be associated with specific beliefs and attitudes related to doctrine, moral issues and church practices. This study tests this idea among a sample of 9339 lay and ordained readers of the Church Times (the main newspaper of the Church of England) using twelve summated rating scales measuring a range of beliefs and attitudes. Of these twelve variables, eleven were correlated with the LIBCON scale. Discriminant function analysis produced a linear function of these variables that correctly identified 35% of respondents on the scale, and 69% to within one scale score. The best predictors were scales related to either doctrine or moral issues, and these performed consistently across traditions (Anglo-catholic, Broad church or Evangelical) and between clergy and laity. Scales related to church practices suggested ‘conserving tradition’ was also involved in the liberal-conservative dimension, but this was less so for clergy and for Evangelicals. The scale is commended as an empirical measure of one dimension of Church of England identities, especially if used alongside a parallel scale measuring church tradition.

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47

Robbins, Mandy, Shirley Kerr, and Leslie Francis. "God Images and Empathy Among a Group of Secondary School Pupils in South Africa." Religion and Theology 13, no. 2 (2006): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157430106778540679.

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AbstractA sample of 258 secondary school pupils attending year 8, 9, 10, and 11 classes in South Africa completed the empathy scale of the Eysenck Junior Impulsiveness Questionnaire, a semantic differential index of God images, and the short-form Revised Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. The data demonstrate a small but statistically significant correlation between positive God images and greater empathic capacity, after controlling for sex and for individual differences in personality.

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Rastorguev, S. V., and Z. I. Volkhonskaya. "Methodology for the Study of Socio-Political Attitudes of International Students." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 10, no. 4 (November 3, 2020): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2020-10-4-6-13.

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The article presents the rationale for the classification of international students based on civilizational criteria. The authors identified and characterized eight cultural profiles: two post-Soviet profiles, European, Latin American, African, Arabic, Chinese, and southern.The authors propose to use sociological scales to identify and measure the socio-political attitudes of international students. The authors proposed their options for the following scales: the social distance of E. Bogardus, equal intervals of L. Thurstone, total ratings of R. Likert, the scale of L. Guttman. We also proposed the author’s interpretation of the method of semantic differential of C. Osgood. Each scale allows you to identify and measure attitudes towards Russia. Finally, the authors proposed an integral index of socio-political attitudes. The integral index consists of an average of five of the above indices. The integrated index allows you to minimize research errors and compare the attitudes of students from different cultural profiles.

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Zennaro, Alessandro, and Adriana Lis. "Parental Representation of Children during the First Year of Life: A Longitudinal Comparison of Mothers' and Fathers' Responses on Semantic Differential Scales." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3 (June 1997): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.915.

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The aim of this paper was to investigate parental representation over time using a specially devised Semantic Differential Scale, developed in the context of longitudinal research, carried out during children's first two years of life. 42 parent-couples, during their first experience of parenthood were asked separately to rate the concept of “my child” in specific periods of their child's first year of life. The analysis highlighted the complexity of parental representation of babies.

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50

Gryczan, Konrad. "Attitude Measuring in Media Coverage." Social Communication 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sc-2016-0013.

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Abstract This article present an approach to elaboration of tools for measuring of attitude in media messages. Emotions hidden in single words can have significant influence on recipient of message. Therefore effort of compiling method and indices have been taken. Osgood’s semantic differential and Likert’s scale was main techniques considered in this issue and final thoughts were basing on them. Many different obstacles are indicated for future improvements of techniques and further elaborations.

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