Готові списки джерел за темами / Selective fragmentation

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 8 червня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Lindinger, Albrecht, Andrea Merli, Mateusz Plewicki, Franziska Vetter, Stefan M. Weber, and Ludger Wöste. "Optimal control of isotope selective fragmentation." Chemical Physics Letters 413, no. 4-6 (September 2005): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2005.07.100.

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Riaz, Sara, LuLu Qu, Essy Kouadio Fodjo, Wei Ma, and Yi-Tao Long. "Thioanisole induced size-selective fragmentation of gold nanoparticles." RSC Adv. 4, no. 27 (2014): 14031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00528g.

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Li, Weixun, Jianhong Gan та Renhua Fan. "Base-promoted selective β-fragmentation of homoallylamines". Tetrahedron Letters 51, № 32 (серпень 2010): 4275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.06.031.

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Aspinall, Gerald O. "Chemical modification and selective fragmentation of polysaccharides." Accounts of Chemical Research 20, no. 3 (March 1987): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar00135a006.

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Kazakevich, P. V., A. V. Simakin, G. A. Shafeev, G. Viau, Y. Soumaré, and F. Bozon-Verduraz. "Laser-assisted shape selective fragmentation of nanoparticles." Applied Surface Science 253, no. 19 (July 2007): 7831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.02.159.

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Amstrup, Bjarne, and Niels E. Henriksen. "Two‐pulse laser control of bond‐selective fragmentation." Journal of Chemical Physics 105, no. 20 (November 22, 1996): 9115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472745.

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Agostinacchio, Francesca, Devid Maniglio, Emanuela Callone, Claudio Migliaresi, Sandra Dirè, and Antonella Motta. "A novel and selective silk fibroin fragmentation method." Soft Matter 17, no. 28 (2021): 6863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm00566a.

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Silk fibroin precise cleavage on specific amino acid sites using collagenase type G enzyme leads to precise silk fibroin fragmentation and, thus, lower molecular weight materials whose length and properties can be tuned with the enzyme concentration.

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Korshunov, M. N., E. S. Korshunova, Yu V. Kastrikin, and S. P. Darenkov. "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and spermatogenesis." Vestnik Urologii 9, no. 2 (July 10, 2021): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-2-74-79.

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Introduction. According to the WHO data, depression is a common disease among women and men of reproductive age. One line of the correction of depressive disorders is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The ingestions have shown that using SSRIs harms sperm quality. The literature date of evaluation of male fertility after discontinuation of antidepressants is quite limited.Purpose of the study. To evaluate the influence of Fluoxetine intake on semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation and hormonal status.Materials and methods. Twenty-five men (mean age - 35.2 ± 4.5 yo) with depression were included in the study. Fluoxetine (20 mg per day) was prescribed to all the patients for 12 wk. Semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation, sex hormones levels were measured before-after treatment and 3 mo behind discontinuation.Results. After 12 weeks of the treatment the mean semen volume decreased from 3.1 ± 0.7 to 2.9 ± 0.7 ml (p = 0.638), sperm concentration - from 39.4 ± 18.5 to 34.3 ± 16.8 mln/ml (p = 0.384), sperm motility decreased from 41.7 ± 7.6 to 35.5 ± 7.8% (p < 0.05), the mean percent of normal morphology form - from с 12.7 ± 2.8 to 10.7 ± 2.2% (p < 0.001). Sperm DNA fragmentation increased 16.2 ± 4.9 to 22.2 ± 4.3% (p < 0.001). The mean semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, percentage of normal morphology increased and reverted to the normal levels after 3 mounts of drug discontinuation. Sperm DNA fragmentation index decreased, and it had the values less than before the treatment that positively correlated with the reduction of depression's symptoms. It was not significant dynamics in hormonal parameters before and after the therapy.Conclusion. Using fluoxetine has a reversible negative effect on male fertility. It is important to inform the patients about the temporary side effects of SSRIs in fatherhood planning cases.

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Matsumoto, Tetsuo. "Selective Fragmentation of Urinary Calculi by Pulsed Dye Laser." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 8, no. 3 (1987): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.8.3_25.

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Li, Weixun, Jianhong Gan та Renhua Fan. "ChemInform Abstract: Base-Promoted Selective β-Fragmentation of Homoallylamines." ChemInform 41, № 44 (7 жовтня 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201044069.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Benmamas, Arezki Lotfi. "Valorisation des systèmes d’éclairage à LED en fin de cycle de vie." Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0044.

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Si l’éclairage solide permet une réduction conséquente de la consommation d’électricité, reste posé la problématique des dispositifs à base de LED. Cette thèse associée au projet RECYLED a consisté à identifier puis à développer des méthodes et des procédés en fonction des typologies des dispositifs (lampes, tubes et luminaires) et ce en vue d’une valorisation et d’une réutilisation de certains composants élémentaires. L’objectif, par une approche globale, incluant à la fois les aspects techniques, économiques et environnementaux était d’aboutir à un taux de recyclage de 80%. Trois scénarii ont été identifiés pour le recyclage des lampes et des tubes à LED, la réutilisation, le broyage et le désassemblage des lampes et des tubes à LED. Des études des déchets et des produits commercialisés, ont été menées afin de caractériser le gisement et de dimensionner les solutions de traitement proposées et estimer le potentiel de valorisation global. Concernant le désassemblage identifié comme le point bloquant, la technologie des puissances pulsées reposant sur la fragmentation est proposée. En ce qui concerne les tubes des solutions purement mécaniques ont été validées. Les méthodes proposées permettent d'obtenir un taux de valorisation matière de 74% pour les lampes et 94% pour les tubes. Ces taux sont à relier avec les prévisions estimées pour 2030 dans le cadre de ce travail qui aboutissent à un gisement annuel maximal évalué pour les lampes à LED à 2600 tonnes et pour les tubes et dalles à LED à 1600 tonnes
While solid-state lighting allows for a significant reduction in electricity consumption, the problem of the end-of-life of the LED-based devices remains. This thesis associated with the RECYLED project consisted in identifying and then developing methods and processes according to the typologies of the devices (lamps, tubes and luminaires) with a view to recovery and reuse of certain elementary components. The objective, through a comprehensive approach, including both technical, economic and environmental aspects, was to achieve a recycling rate of 80%. Three scenarios have been identified for the recycling of LED lamps and tubes, reuse, shredding and disassembly. Studies of waste and marketed products have been carried out in order to characterize the deposit and size the proposed treatment solutions and estimate the overall recovery potential. Regarding the disassembly identified as the blocking point, the technology of pulsed powers based on fragmentation is proposed. With regard to the tubes, purely mechanical solutions have been validated. The proposed methods make it possible to obtain a material recovery rate of 74% for the lamps and 94% for the tubes. These rates are to be linked with the forecasts estimated for 2030 as part of this work, which lead to a maximum annual deposit estimated for LED lamps at 2600 tons and for LED tubes and panels at 1600 tons

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Bosson, Julien. "Photopolymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par les nitroxydes : synthèse d'alcoxyamines photosensibles, études mécanistiques et applications." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4763/document.

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La photopolymérisation radicalaire contrôlée (P2RC) est un domaine en plein essor en science des matériaux. En effet, ce procédé permet d’envisager la synthèse de polymères à architecture complexe dans des conditions douces et constitue une approche de choix pour élaborer des couches de polymères microstructurées. Dans ce contexte, l’extension des techniques RAFT, ATRP et NMP à un mode photochimique est principalement étudiée. Au cours de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés en particulier à la technique de NMP2 (Nitroxide Mediated Phototopolymerization). Typiquement nous avons préparé des alcoxyamines photosensibles pour un contrôle de la polymérisation sous irradiation. Une attention spéciale a été portée sur la compréhension du mécanisme régissant le procédé et sur des relations structure/réactivité. De plus les meilleurs candidats ont été testés en NMP2 et plus particulièrement pour la conception de motifs structurés de polymères sur surface. Enfin, de nouvelles approches ont été explorées pour effectuer une NMP2 avec notamment l’ESCP (Enhanced Spin Capturing Polymerization)
Controlled radical photopolymerization represents a rapidly emerging field in material science. This process is characterized by important advantages and provides the possibility to prepare complex polymer architectures in mild conditions such as patterns. In recent years, the development of controlled radical photopolymerizations, such as RAFT, ATRP and NMP, is recognized as particularly interesting and powerful. In this context, we focused our research to the development of the NMP2 polymerization. In line with this research context, the topic of this thesis was to prepare alkoxyamines for a photochemical control. Particular attention has been focused on understanding the mechanism governing the process and structure/reactivity relationships. In addition, the best candidates were tested in NMP2 process and more particularly to the preparation of polymer patterns on surface. Finally, new approaches have been explored to perform NMP2 such as ESCP (Enhanced Spin Capturing Polymerization)

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Edgel, Robert John. "Habitat Selection and Response to Disturbance by Pygmy Rabbits in Utah." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3928.

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The pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis) is a sagebrush (Artemisia sp.) obligate that depends on sagebrush habitats for food and cover throughout its life cycle. Invasive species, frequent fires, overgrazing, conversion of land to agriculture, energy development, and many other factors have contributed to recent declines in both quantity and quality of sagebrush-steppe habitats required by pygmy rabbits. Because of the many threats to these habitats and the believed decline of pygmy rabbit populations, there is a need to further understand habitat requirements for this species and how they respond to disturbance. This study evaluated habitat selection by pygmy rabbits in Utah and assessed response of this small lagomorph to construction of a large-scale pipeline (i.e. Ruby pipeline) in Utah. We collected habitat data across Utah at occupied sites (pygmy rabbit occupied burrows) and compared these data to similar measurements at unoccupied sites (random locations within sagebrush habitat where pygmy rabbits were not observed). Variables such as horizontal obscurity, elevation, percent understory composed of sagebrush and other shrubs, and sagebrush decadence best described between occupied (active burrow) and unoccupied (randomly selected) sites. Occupied sites had greater amounts of horizontal obscurity, were located at higher elevations, had greater percentage of understory comprised of sagebrush and shrubs, and had less decadent sagebrush. When considering habitat alterations or management these variables should be considered to enhance and protect existing habitat for pygmy rabbits. The Ruby pipeline was a large-scale pipeline project that required the removal of vegetation and the excavation of soil in a continuous linear path for the length of the pipeline. The area that was disturbed is referred to as the right of way (ROW). From our assessment of pygmy rabbit response to construction of the Ruby pipeline, we found evidence for habitat loss and fragmentation as a result of this disturbance. The size of pygmy rabbit space-use areas and home ranges decreased post construction, rabbits shifted core-use areas away from the ROW, and there were fewer movements of collared rabbits across the ROW. Mitigation efforts should consider any action which may reduce restoration time and facilitate movements of rabbits across disturbed areas.

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Weber, Anne [Verfasser], Annette [Akademischer Betreuer] Kolb, and Johan [Akademischer Betreuer] Ehrlén. "Evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation: selection on plant phenotypic traits / Anne Weber. Gutachter: Annette Kolb ; Johan Ehrlén. Betreuer: Annette Kolb." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1072047535/34.

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Strand, Tanja. "European Black Grouse : MHC Genetic Diversity and Population Structure." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Populationsbiologi och naturvårdsbiologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160042.

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Black grouse Tetrao tetrix is a bird species composed of large, continuous as well as severely reduced and fragmented populations, making it an optimal species to investigate how genetic diversity is affected by habitat fragmentation. I have focused on genetic diversity in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) to measure the ability of the black grouse to respond to environmental changes. I partly characterized MHC class II in black grouse and found striking similarities with chicken MHC class II. I demonstrated that black grouse possess a similar compact MHC as chicken with few MHC class II B (BLB) and Y (YLB) loci. I did not find evidence of balancing selection in YLB so I concentrated further studies on BLB. I developed a PCR-based screening method for amplifying and separating expressed BLB alleles in European black grouse populations. Small fragmented populations had lost neutral genetic diversity (based on microsatellites and SNPs) compared to samples from the historical distribution and contemporary large populations. There was also a trend, albeit less pronounced, for reduced MHC diversity in these populations. Neutral markers in small isolated populations were affected by increased levels of genetic drift and were therefore genetically differentiated compared to other populations. MHC markers on the other hand, were not subjected to genetic drift to the same extent probably due a long historic process of balancing selection. Inferences of heterozygosity and evolutionary patterns as well as detailed correlations to reproductive success and diseases cannot be performed until MHC can be amplified in a locus-specific manner. Therefore, I developed a single locus sequence-based typing method for independently amplifying MHC class II B loci (BLB1 and BLB2). I found that BLB1 and BLB2 were duplicated in a common ancestor to chickens and black grouse and that these loci are subjected to homogenizing concerted evolution due to inter-genetic exchange between loci after species divergence. I could also verify that both BLB1 and BLB2 were transcribed in black grouse and under balancing selection. This collection of work has significance for future conservation of black grouse as well as research and management of zoonotic diseases.

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Bouchard, Colin. "In Atlantic salmon, space use of potential breeders stabilises population dynamics and shapes sexual selection." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU3024/document.

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La fragmentation des habitats ainsi que la réduction de leur disponibilité sont des menaces importantes pour les écosystèmes, notamment aquatiques. La disponibilité et la qualité des sites de fraie du saumon Atlantique peut donc être limitante dans certaines rivières. Après la migration en rivière, les femelles saumon vont chercher à s'établir dans un des sites de fraie disponibles. La distribution spatiale des femelles va alors influer sur la distribution spatiale des mâles reproducteurs qui vont chercher soit à monopoliser plusieurs femelles (pour les mâles dominants), soit à les approcher en adoptant un comportement "furtif" (pour les mâles satellites). L'accès des mâles aux femelles va donc dépendre de la distribution spatiale des femelles et des déplacements des mâles dans la rivière. La distribution des femelles va également jouer sur la distribution spatiale des juvéniles, les concentrant à certains endroits. Cette concentration peut augmenter la mortalité densité-dépendante qui modifie la dynamique de la population. Cette thèse avait pour but d'évaluer comment l'utilisation de l'espace des potentiels reproducteurs, c'est à dire les individus matures, influence la dynamique de la population et la sélection sexuelle.Des séries temporelles de stock (oeufs déposés) et de recrutement (juvéniles) pour la population de saumon de la Nivelle ont été associées à des mesures de l'agrégation spatiale des nids creusés par les femelles. L'effet des déplacements et de la distribution des reproducteurs sur leur participation à la reproduction a notamment été testé via la reconstruction du réseau d'interactions sexuelles dans la Nivelle.J'ai ainsi démontré que l'agrégation spatiale des nids influa sur la variabilité du recrutement mais pas sur le recrutement moyen. Cette agrégation qui résulte de l'agrégation des femelles a également été liée au nombre de reproducteurs ayant engendrés des juvéniles. Le réseau d'interactions sexuelles a permis de mettre en évidence une structure sociale locale au sein de la population. Cette structure et les compétiteurs présents pouvaient par exemple diminuer le succès reproducteur des mâles. Notamment, les tacons matures qui participent à la reproduction avant de migrer en mer renforçaient la compétition sexuelle dont les mâles dominants faisaient l'objet. Enfin, ces mêmes tacons matures adoptèrent des comportements spatiaux du fait de leur statut de maturité avec des individus bougeant peu et des individus se déplaçant vers l'amont. Ces comportements spatiaux influaient leur participation à la reproduction, l'étendue des domaines de vie et les déplacements vers l'amont augmentaient la probabilité de rencontrer une femelle.Mes résultats m'ont permis de mettre en évidence l'effet de l'utilisation de l'espace des potentiels reproducteurs sur la dynamique de la population et sur la sélection sexuelle. Ainsi, en combinant différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles il a été montré que l'agrégation des femelles pouvait être bénéfique pour la dynamique de la population. Il semble que les femelles tendent à s'agréger d'abord sur les meilleurs sites de fraie avec une plus forte stabilité environnementale. Cette distribution des femelles affecta la capacité des mâles à monopoliser plusieurs femelles, une agrégation modérée permettant une monopolisation. La participation des mâles furtifs anadromes ou tacons matures était également dépendante de l'agrégation des femelles. Il apparait que la disponibilité d'habitats adéquats pour la reproduction semble limitante dans la Nivelle et notamment du fait de la présence de barrages. Ce manque semble affecter le système d'appariement de la population et la sélection sexuelle y opérant. Des mesures visant à améliorer la qualité des sites de fraie déjà disponibles ainsi que leur accessibilité pourraient être envisagées
Habitat fragmentation and reduction in the availability of suitable habitats are significant threats to ecosystems in particularly for freshwater ones. For instance, accessibility, availability, and quality of breeding sites of Atlantic salmon, \textit{Salmo salar}, can be restricting in some rivers due to human activities and dams. Such threats may affect distribution of potential breeders because after their up-river migration, salmon females distribute within available breeding sites. Spatial distribution of females determines the spatial distribution of breeder males. Dominant males try to monopolise several females, whereas subordinate males adopt a sneaky behaviour. Access to females by males depends on the spatial distribution of females and on males' displacements within a river. The spatial distribution of females generates the spatial distribution of juveniles, aggregating them at some breeding sites. The latter aggregation of juveniles may raise the density-dependent mortality with potential consequences on population dynamics. The thesis aims to assess how space use of potential breeders, namely mature individuals able to spawn or fertilise eggs, influence population dynamics and sexual selection.I combined different approaches and different temporal and spatial scales to potential effects of space use of potential breeders. Time series of stock (deposited eggs) and of recruitment (juveniles) for the salmon population of the Nivelle River were combined with measures of spatial aggregation of nests. The effects of displacements and spatial distribution of potential breeders on their participation in reproduction were tested through inferring the sexual network of the population.I found that spatial aggregation of nests improved the recruitment variability but did not affect the average recruitment. The spatial aggregation of nests resulting from female aggregation was also linked to the number of effective breeders through a U-shaped curve. Such relationships suggested mate monopolization dependent on the spatial aggregation of females. The negative effect of the spatial isolation of females on their number of mates also suggest such mate monopolization. Then, the inferred sexual network enabled me to highlight a local social structure within the population. The latter structure and social competitors impacted the reproductive success of anadromous males. The participation of mature parr was one of the factors diminishing the sexual competition faced by anadromous males. Finally, mature parr were more mobile and moved more upstream than immature parr. Spatial behaviours of mature parr were linked to their participation in reproduction, individuals exhibiting wider home ranges had a higher probability to encounter females.Altogether my results show that space use of potential breeders affect both population dynamics and sexual selection. Then, spatial aggregation of females and of their nests can be beneficial for population dynamics as shown by combining different temporal and spatial scales. Females seemed to aggregate within the best breeding sites with a better environmental stability. The spatial distribution of females affected the ability of males to monopolise several females and participation of sneaky males. The availability of suitable good breeding habitats seemed restricting in the Nivelle, potentially due to the presence of impassable upstream dams. The lack of suitable breeding sites seemed impacting the mating system of the population and the sexual selection operating in. Some management actions to improve the quality of breeding sites and their availability could be planned

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Nichols, Bradley C. "Foraging Ecology of Mountain Lions in the Sierra National Forest, California." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6262.

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Studies of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions are needed to provide information for decision-making processes in land management agencies. Mountain lions (Puma concolor) are opportunistic carnivores that prey on a wide variety of species. In the Sierra National Forest, CA, they have not been studied since 1987 and their current interactions with their prey and other predators are unknown. Forest managers in this region are concerned with declines of fishers (Pekania pennanti) and studies have shown intraguild predation to be a leading cause of fisher mortality in this area. Managers are interested in learning more about mountain lion predation patterns with regard to prey preference, but also how lions traverse and use the landscape and how anthropogenic activities may be increasing lion predation risk on fishers. Using GPS radio-collar technology, we examined mountain lion kill rates and prey composition at 250 kill sites. We found mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to be their main source of prey (81%) with gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) comprising 13.2% of prey composition. We did not detect any fisher predation during our 2-year study; however, during our study, the Kings River Fisher Project experienced extremely low juvenile fisher survival. To gain a better understanding of seasonal resource selection by mountain lions, we developed resource selection functions (RSF) while they were moving through the landscape and when killing prey. We developed RSF models for all data across the study area, as well as, for a subset of data encompassing an area where LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data had been collected. Within the LiDAR study area, we digitized unmapped roads and skid trails using a Bare Earth data set. We found mountain lion ‘moving’ locations showed selection for close proximity to streams during summer months and selection for ruggedness and steeper slopes during both summer and winter. With 3 of the 4 RSF models at kill sites showing high risk of predation within close proximity to either digitized roads/skid trails or mapped roads, we recommend managers map all anthropogenically created linear landscape features and consider restoring these linear features to pre-treatment landscape conditions following timber harvest.

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Bouchakri, Rima. "Conception physique statique et dynamique des entrepôts de données." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0012/document.

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Les entrepôts de données permettent le stockage et la consolidation, en une seule localité, d'une quantité gigantesque d'information pour être interrogée par des requêtes décisionnelles complexes dites requêtes de jointures en étoiles. Afin d'optimiser ses requêtes, plusieurs travaux emploient des techniques d'optimisations comme les index de jointure binaires et la fragmentation horizontale durant la phase de conception physique d'un entrepôt de données. Cependant, ces travaux proposent des algorithmes statiques qui sélectionnent ces techniques de manière isolée et s'intéressent à l'optimisation d'un seul objectif à savoir les performances des requêtes. Notre principale contribution dans cette thèse est de proposer une nouvelle vision de sélection des techniques d'optimisation. Notre première contribution est une sélection incrémentale qui permet de mettre à jour de manière continuelle le schéma d'optimisation implémenté sur l'ED, ce qui assure l'optimisation continuelle des requêtes décisionnelles. Notre seconde contribution est une sélection incrémentale jointe qui combine deux techniques d'optimisation pour couvrir l'optimisation d'un maximum de requêtes et respecter au mieux les contraintes d'optimisation liées à chacune de ces techniques. A l'issu de ces propositions, nous avons constaté que la sélection incrémentale engendre un coût de maintenance de l'ED. Ainsi, notre troisième proposition est une formulation et r!:solution du problème multi-objectif de sélection des techniques d'optimisation où il faut optimiser deux objectifs: la performance des requêtes et le coût de maintenance de l'ED
Data Warehouses store into a single location a huge amount of data. They are interrogated by complex decisional queries called star join queries. To optimize such queries, several works propose algorithms for selecting optimization techniques such as Binary Join Indexes and Horizontal Partitioning during the DW physical design. However, these works propose static algorithms, select optimization techniques in and isolated way and focus on optimizing a single objective which is the query performance. Our main contribution in this thesis is to propose a new vision of optimization techniques selection. Our first contribution is an incremental selection that updates continuously the optimization scheme implemented on the DW, to ensure the continual optimization of queries. To deal with queries complexity increase, our second contribution is a join incremental selection of two optimization techniques which covers the optimization of a maximum number or queries and respects the optimization constraints. Finally, we note that the incremental selection generates a maintenance cost to update the optimization schemes. Thus, our third prop05ilion is to formulate and resolve a multi-objective selection problem or optimization techniques where we have two objectives to optimize : queries performance and maintenance cost of the DW

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Fermon, Heleen. "The butterfly community of a managed West African rainforest patterns of habitat specificity, diversity, stratification and movement /." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965555348.

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Degner, Jacob. "GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION IN THE ORNATE CHORUS FROG (PSEUDACRIS ORNATA): TESTING THE RELATIVE ROLES OF NATURAL SELECTION." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3160.

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Understanding how migration, genetic drift, and natural selection interact to maintain the genetic and phenotypic variation we observe in natural populations is a central goal of population genetics. Amphibians provide excellent model organisms for investigating the interplay between these evolutionary forces because amphibians are generally characterized by limited dispersal abilities, high philopatry, and are obligately associated with the areas around suitable habitats (e.g. breeding ponds). Thus, on relatively small geographic scales, the relative effects of all of these evolutionary forces can be studied together. Here, we study the interaction of migration, genetic drift, natural selection, and historical process in the ornate chorus frog (Pseudacris ornata). We report the development and characterization of 10 polymorphic microsatellite genetic markers. Number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 21 averaging 9.2 and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.10 to 0.97 averaging 0.52. However, in an analysis of two populations, three locus-by-population comparisons exhibited significant heterozygote deficiencies and indicated that null alleles may be present some loci. Furthermore, we characterized genetic structure and historical biogeographic patterns in P. ornata using these microsatellite markers along with mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Our data indicate that in these frogs, migration may play a large role in determining population structure as pairwise estimates of FST were relatively small ranging from 0.04 to 0.12 (global FST = 0.083). Additionally, we observed an overall pattern of isolation-by-distance in neutral genetic markers across the species range. Moreover, our data suggest that the Apalachicola River basin does not impede gene flow in P. ornata as it does in many vertebrate taxa. Interestingly, we identified significant genetic structure between populations separated by only 6 km. However, this fine scale genetic structure was only present in the more urbanized of two widespread sampling localities. Finally, in this study, we demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between the frequency of green frogs and latitude. There was a higher frequency of green frogs in southern samples and a lower frequency of green frogs in northern samples. However, when we interpreted this phenotypic cline in light of the overall pattern of isolation-by-distance, it was apparent that the neutral evolutionary forces of genetic drift and migration could explain the cline, and the invocation of natural selection was not necessary.
M.S.
Department of Biology
Sciences
Biology MS

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Книги з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Louwerse, Henriette. The Netherlands. Edited by Waïl S. Hassan. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199349791.013.42.

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This chapter examines the development of Arab Dutch writing in The Netherlands over the past two decades, dating back to the presentation of the first Dutch poet of Moroccan descent, Mustafa Stitou, in 1994. It begins with an overview of Dutch multiculturalism, noting how The Netherlands became a multicultural society not only in its demographic makeup, but also in its sociocultural philosophy and public policies. It then considers a selection of Arab Dutch and one Arab Flemish (Belgian) novels that offer insights into the identity struggle of immigrants and Moroccan Dutch youth and works that tackle cultural fragmentation, boundaries, and strictures.

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Termeer, Catrien, Arwin van Buuren, Art Dewulf, Dave Huitema, Heleen Mees, Sander Meijerink, and Marleen van Rijswick. Governance Arrangements for Adaptation to Climate Change. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.600.

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Adaptation to climate change is not only a technical issue; above all, it is a matter of governance. Governance is more than government and includes the totality of interactions in which public as well as private actors participate, aiming to solve societal problems. Adaptation governance poses some specific, demanding challenges, such as the context of institutional fragmentation, as climate change involves almost all policy domains and governance levels; the persistent uncertainties about the nature and scale of risks and proposed solutions; and the need to make short-term policies based on long-term projections. Furthermore, adaptation is an emerging policy field with, at least for the time being, only weakly defined ambitions, responsibilities, procedures, routines, and solutions. Many scholars have already shown that complex problems, such as adaptation to climate change, cannot be solved in a straightforward way with actions taken by a hierarchic or monocentric form of governance. This raises the question of how to develop governance arrangements that contribute to realizing adaptation options and increasing the adaptive capacity of society. A series of seven basic elements have to be addressed in designing climate adaptation governance arrangements: the framing of the problem, the level(s) at which to act, the alignment across sectoral boundaries, the timing of the policies, the selection of policy instruments, the organization of the science-policy interface, and the most appropriate form of leadership. For each of these elements, this chapter suggests some tentative design principles. In addition to effectiveness and legitimacy, resilience is an important criterion for evaluating these arrangements. The development of governance arrangements is always context- and time-specific, and constrained by the formal and informal rules of existing institutions.

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Частини книг з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Hubbard, Evan E., and Ryan R. Julian. "Chapter 8. Elucidating Biomolecular Structure Through Bond-selective Radical Fragmentation." In Advanced Fragmentation Methods in Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, 195–208. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839161056-00195.

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Chernet, Tegist. "High Voltage Selective Fragmentation for Detailed Mineralogical and Analytical Information, Case Study: Oiva’s Gold-Quartz-Dyke in the Lapland Granulite Belt, Laanila, Northern Finland." In Proceedings of the 10th International Congress for Applied Mineralogy (ICAM), 119–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27682-8_16.

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Dhekne, P. Y., Manoj Pradhan, and R. K. Jade. "Artificial Intelligence and Prediction of Rock Fragmentation." In Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, 891–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02678-7_86.

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Szekeres, Zsolt, and Paul G. Mezey. "Fragmentation Selection Strategies in Linear Scaling Methods." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 147–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2853-2_7.

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Ramachandran, Raji, Gopika Ravichandran, and Aswathi Raveendran. "Vertical Fragmentation of High-Dimensional Data Using Feature Selection." In Inventive Computation and Information Technologies, 935–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4305-4_68.

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Hekmat, A., S. Munoz, and R. Gomez. "Prediction of Rock Fragmentation Based on a Modified Kuz-Ram Model." In Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2018, 69–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99220-4_6.

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Larue, Catherine, Corinne Chateigner, Patrick Gautier, Jacques Planchenault, and Jocelyne Leger. "Optimization of Mouse IgG Fragmentation Technique in the Selection of Monoclonal Antibodies for Myocardial Infarct Imaging." In Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibodies for Imaging and Therapy, 129–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5538-0_10.

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Wagner, Gerhard. "Tort Law and Human Rights." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 209–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73835-8_12.

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AbstractThe article explores the relationship between tort law and human rights. It explains the potential inherent in holding corporations liable in tort for human rights violations along the supply chain, such as the 2013 Rana Plaza collapse in Bangladesh. On a theoretical level, it devises a legal framework of tort liability that is optimal from the standpoint of social welfare. Such an optimal liability system would make manufacturers internalise the full cost of production, including harm caused to workers, third parties and the environment. In contrast, the present global liability situation is characterised by legal fragmentation and enforcement deficits. These factors provide the explanation for the large-scale externalisation of production risks we witness today, leading to an inflated global demand. In principle, tort law is well suited to offer a remedy, as the interests protected by human rights and national tort law broadly overlap. Furthermore, the duty of care which is the core requirement for shifting losses to others via tort law is a flexible concept that may even be stretched to accommodate cross-border human rights policies. The new French “devoir de vigilance,” or human rights due diligence, as well the UK Supreme Court’s recent jurisprudence, aim to tap this potential. On the other hand, the article raises doubt in relation to the adverse economic incentives and market shifts if such duties are imposed selectively, i.e. only in some jurisdictions, but not in others. After all, private international law often stands in the way of a global application of national tort law. Finally, alternative mechanisms of enforcement are assessed and examined with a view to their comparative effectiveness. This analysis casts doubt on the usefulness of tort law as a means to further the human rights cause.

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Bean, James. "Selective Data Fragmentation." In SOA and Web Services Interface Design, 293–303. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374891-1.00015-0.

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"17. Selective Logging, Forest Fragmentation, and Fire Disturbance." In Working Forests in the Neotropics, 310–24. Columbia University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/zari12906-019.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Simon, Marc, Catalin Miron, Renaud Guillemin, Karine Le Guen, Denis Ceolin, Eiji Shigemasa, Nicolas Leclercq, and Paul Morin. "Dynamical effects and selective fragmentation after inner shell excitation." In X-RAY AND INNER-SHELL PROCESSES: 18th International Conference. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1302752.

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Xie, X., K. Doblhoff-Dier, H. Xu, S. Roither, A. Iwasaki, M. Schoffler, D. Kartashov, et al. "Control of fragmentation reactions in impulsively aligned polyatomic molecules by selective removal of inner-valence electrons." In 2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2013.6801180.

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Lambert, David E., Joseph Weiderhold, John Osborn, and Michael V. Hopson. "Dynamic Fragmentation Experiments Under Plane Strain and Uniaxial Stress Conditions." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25051.

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The explosively loaded cylinder is further studied as an experimental method to improve dynamic fracture and fragmentation modeling. Details of the cylinder configuration are investigated to prescribe controlled loading conditions of uniaxial stress and plane strain. Commonly used fracture models, e.g. Johnson-Cook, are calibrated with strain at fracture under such controlled conditions. Earlier works by Goto, et al [1] had used thin-walled tubes to provide plane strain loading and shorter “rings” to establish uniaxial stress conditions. This paper extends on that work to look at alternative cylinder dimensions and metals of interest. A tungsten alloy, Aero 224, and a high strength steel, Eglin Steel (ES-1), are the subject metals. Dynamic, continuum-mechanics based modeling and simulations evaluated whether the stress triaxiality conditions are being met as design parameters of cylinder wall-thickness, explosive type, and initiation configuration. Experiments conducted for this effort, reported in greater detail by Weiderhold [2], provided precise measurement of the cylinder expansion process and fragmentation distributions. An explosively driven metal event is usually considered highly transient and multi-dimensional in stress; however, selective design of the system can result in a controlled experimental configuration. The analysis shows that the ductile ES-1 steel cylinder and rings do establish the desired plane strain and uniaxial stress conditions, respectively, as the cylinder expands to failure. Ultra-high speed photography experiments verify the time of fracture and correlate casewall expansion and velocity measurements. The analysis of the tungsten alloy had verified that if the material was capable of achieving at least a 25% strain to failure then the cylinder and rings would be viable controlled loading paths. However, fragments recovered from the explosively driven rings verified that the strain to failure was less than 14% and the triaxiality condition of uniaxial stress was not achieved by then. The data of this fragmentation under controlled loading conditions are to be used to determine coefficients for fracture-models and serve as benchmarks of relevant, dynamic fragmentation processes for future explosive/metal design opportunities.

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Bogachev, V. M. "Stability Criterion of Complex Polynomials in Markov’s Parameters and its’ Application at Selective System’s Design by the D-fragmentation Methods." In 2019 Systems of Signals Generating and Processing in the Field of on Board Communications. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sosg.2019.8706781.

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Justeau-Allaire, Dimitri, Philippe Vismara, Philippe Birnbaum, and Xavier Lorca. "Systematic Conservation Planning for Sustainable Land-use Policies: A Constrained Partitioning Approach to Reserve Selection and Design." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/818.

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Faced with natural habitat degradation, fragmentation, and destruction, it is a major challenge for environmental managers to implement sustainable land use policies promoting socioeconomic development and natural habitat conservation in a balanced way. Relying on artificial intelligence and operational research, reserve selection and design models can be of assistance. This paper introduces a partitioning approach based on Constraint Programming (CP) for the reserve selection and design problem, dealing with both coverage and complex spatial constraints. Moreover, it introduces the first CP formulation of the buffer zone constraint, which can be reused to compose more complex spatial constraints. This approach has been evaluated in a real-world dataset addressing the problem of forest fragmentation in New Caledonia, a biodiversity hotspot where managers are gaining interest in integrating these methods into their decisional processes. Through several scenarios, it showed expressiveness, flexibility, and ability to quickly find solutions to complex questions.

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Thenmozhi, M., and K. Vivekanandan. "A comparative analysis of fragmentation selection algorithms for data warehouse partitioning." In 2014 International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology Research (ICAETR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaetr.2014.7012866.

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Benkrid, Soumia, Ladjel Bellatreche, and Habiba Drias. "A Combined Selection of Fragmentation and Allocation Schemes in Parallel Data Warehouses." In 2008 19th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2008.63.

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Blyukher, Boris. "Safety Analysis and Risk Assessment for Pressure Systems." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-1921.

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There have been many instances where serious injuries and fatalities have resulted from over-pressurization, thermal stress, asphyxiation and other potential hazards associated with testing, handling and storage of compressed gases and pressure facilities at numerous production and research facilities. These hazards are major issues that should be addressed in system design and in materials selection appropriate for high pressure applications. Potential hazards may be mitigated through system analysis and design process which are the major factors in preventing thermal/pressure hazards caused by possible leaks and fragmentation, in the case of rupture. This paper presents a conceptual model and framework for developing a safety analysis which will reduce potential hazards, accidents and legal liabilities. The proposed systematic approach allows to identify hazards provide timely documentation of potential hazards and risks associated with systems, facilities, and equipment. As a result of this hazard analysis process, provisions and actions for hazard prevention and control have been put in place, and all identifiable potential hazards can be reduced to a low risk level.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Selective fragmentation"

Eldar, Avigdor, and Donald L. Evans. Streptococcus iniae Infections in Trout and Tilapia: Host-Pathogen Interactions, the Immune Response Toward the Pathogen and Vaccine Formulation. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575286.bard.

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In Israel and in the U.S., Streptococcus iniae is responsible for considerable losses in various fish species. Poor understanding of its virulence factors and limited know-how-to of vaccine formulation and administration are the main reasons for the limited efficacy of vaccines. Our strategy was that in order to Improve control measures, both aspects should be equally addressed. Our proposal included the following objectives: (i) construction of host-pathogen interaction models; (ii) characterization of virulence factors and immunodominant antigens, with assessment of their relative importance in terms of protection and (iii) genetic identification of virulence factors and genes, with evaluation of the protective effect of recombinant proteins. We have shown that two different serotypes are involved. Their capsular polysaccharides (CPS) were characterized, and proved to play an important role in immune evasion and in other consequences of the infection. This is an innovative finding in fish bacteriology and resembles what, in other fields, has become apparent in the recent years: S. iniae alters surface antigens. By so doing, the pathogen escapes immune destruction. Immunological assays (agar-gel immunodiffusion and antibody titers) confirmed that only limited cross recognition between the two types occurs and that capsular polysaccharides are immunodominant. Vaccination with purified CPS (as an acellular vaccine) results in protection. In vitro and ex-vivo models have allowed us to unravel additional insights of the host-pathogen interactions. S. iniae 173 (type II) produced DNA fragmentation of TMB-8 cells characteristic of cellular necrosis; the same isolate also prevented the development of apoptosis in NCC. This was determined by finding reduced expression of phosphotidylserine (PS) on the outer membrane leaflet of NCC. NCC treated with this isolate had very high levels of cellular necrosis compared to all other isolates. This cellular pathology was confirmed by observing reduced DNA laddering in these same treated cells. Transmission EM also showed characteristic necrotic cellular changes in treated cells. To determine if the (in vitro) PCD/apoptosis protective effects of #173 correlated with any in vivo activity, tilapia were injected IV with #173 and #164 (an Israeli type I strain). Following injection, purified NCC were tested (in vitro) for cytotoxicity against HL-60 target cells. Four significant observations were made : (i) fish injected with #173 had 100-400% increased cytotoxicity compared to #164 (ii) in vivo activation occurred within 5 minutes of injection; (iii) activation occurred only within the peripheral blood compartment; and (iv) the isolate that protected NCC from apoptosis in vitro caused in vivo activation of cytotoxicity. The levels of in vivo cytotoxicity responses are associated with certain pathogens (pathogen associated molecular patterns/PAMP) and with the tissue of origin of NCC. NCC from different tissue (i.e. PBL, anterior kidney, spleen) exist in different states of differentiation. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed the "adaptation" of the bacterium to the vaccinated environment, suggesting a "Darwinian-like" evolution of any bacterium. Due to the selective pressure which has occurred in the vaccinated environment, type II strains, able to evade the protective response elicited by the vaccine, have evolved from type I strains. The increased virulence through the appropriation of a novel antigenic composition conforms with pathogenic mechanisms described for other streptococci. Vaccine efficacy was improved: water-in-oil formulations were found effective in inducing protection that lasted for a period of (at least) 6 months. Protection was evaluated by functional tests - the protective effect, and immunological parameters - elicitation of T- and B-cells proliferation. Vaccinated fish were found to be resistant to the disease for (at least) six months; protection was accompanied by activation of the cellular and the humoral branches.

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