Дисертації з теми "Seismic response of tunnels"
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Cilingir, Ulas. "Seismic response of tunnels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608467.
Повний текст джерелаUcer, Serkan. "Seismic Response And Vulnerability Assessment Of Tunnels:a Case Study On Bolu Tunnels." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615005/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаzce, occurred during the construction of the tunnels. The August 17, 1999 earthquake was reported to have had minimal impact on the Bolu Tunnels. However, the November 12, 1999 earthquake caused some sections of both tunnels to collapse. The remaining sections of the tunnels survived with various damage states which were subsequently documented in detail. This valuable damage data was thoroughly utilized in this study. To develop analytical fragility curves, the methodology described by Argyroudis et al. (2007) was followed. Seismic response of the Tunnels was assessed using analytical, pseudo-static and full-dynamic approaches. In this way, it was possible to make comparisons regarding the dynamic analysis methods of tunnels to predict the seismically induced damage. Compared to the pseudo-static and full-dynamic methods, the predictive capability of the analytical method is found to be relatively low due to limitations inherent to this method. The pseudo-static and full-dynamic solution results attained appear to be closer to each other and better represented the recorded damage states in general. Still, however, the predictive capability of the pseudo-static approach was observed to be limited for particular cases with reference to the full-dynamic method, especially for the sections with increasingly difficult ground conditions. The final goal of this study is the improvement of damage indexes corresponding to the defined damage states which were proposed by Argyroudis et al. (2005) based on the previous experience of damages in tunnels and engineering judgment. These damage indexes were modified in accordance with the findings from the dynamic analyses and actual damage data documented from Bolu Tunnels following the Dü
zce earthquake. Three damage states were utilized to quantify the damage in this study.
Sun, Qiangqiang. "Seismic response of tunnels in soils : From deterministic to probabilistic approaches." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI067.
Повний текст джерелаTunnels are an essential part of infrastructure systems and play an ever-increasing role in the process of urbanization. Nevertheless, severe damage, including collapse, occurred and was reported worldwide in recent decades. Therefore, the research on the design of tunnel against seismic events to effectively mitigate risks and reduce large socio-economic losses due to earthquake disasters received increasing attention. On the other hand, new challenges such as large shield-driven tunnelling in multi-layered formations, tunnelling-induced stress perturbation, as well as uncertain soil property lead to the need for detailed investigation of their potential influences.This dissertation aims at investigating the tunnel seismic response using deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The analyses are based on two-dimensional nonlinear simulations using the explicit finite difference code FLAC. First, a critical assessment of the Rayleigh damping use in nonlinear numerical models is conducted to highlight its significant importance and to provide a selection guideline for the subsequent analyses. Then, the tunnel construction impact is incorporated in the numerical models with the convergence-confinement method. The tunnel seismic responses for various initial stress states are then presented. Next, theoretical and numerical studies are performed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of an underlying soft soil layer for the tunnel seismic protection. Finally, the uncertainty of the soil parameters is introduced into the model as random variables. The sparse polynomial chaos expansion based Global Sensitivity Analysis and the conventional Monte Carlo simulations are respectively utilized to identify the most important variables and quantify the variability in the tunnel seismic deformations. The presented work considers a more realistic soil-tunnel system, thus it provides valuable insights for the behavior of tunnels under seismic loadings
Hoque, Md Zaydul Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil. "Seismic response of retaining walls." Ottawa, 1992.
Знайти повний текст джерелаErtugrul, Niyazi. "Analysis Of Seismic Behavior Of Underground Structures: A Case Study On Bolu Tunnels." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612735/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаs world, buried structures are used for a variety of purposes in many areas such as transportation, underground depot areas, metro stations and water transportation. The serviceability of these structures is crucial in many cases following an earthquake
that is, the earthquake should not impose such damage leading to the loss of serviceability of the structure. The seismic design methodology utilized for these structures differs in many ways from the above ground structures. The most commonly utilized approach in dynamic analysis of underground structures is to neglect the inertial forces of the substructures since these forces are relatively insignificant contrary to the case of surface structures. In seismic design of these underground structures, different approaches are utilized like free-field deformation approach and soil-structure interaction approach. Within the confines of this thesis, seismic response of highway tunnels is considered through a case study on Bolu Tunnels, which are well documented and subjected to Dü
zce earthquake. In the analyses, the seismic response of a section of the Bolu tunnels is examined with 2-D finite element models and results are compared with the recorded data to evaluate the capability of the available analysis methods. In general, the results of analyses did not show any distinct difference from the recorded data regarding the seismic performance of the analyzed section and that the liner capacities were sufficient, which is consistent with the post earthquake condition of the Bolu Tunnels.
Nishiyama, Minehiro. "Seismic Response and Seismic Design of Prestressed Concrete Building Structures." Kyoto University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/74644.
Повний текст джерелаMacRae, G. A. "The seismic response of steel frames." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7925.
Повний текст джерелаHarrison, Fiona Anne. "Seismic response to sedimentary facies variation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU089772.
Повний текст джерелаMorgan, Andrew Scott. "Seismic Response of Stiffening Elastic Systems." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3491.
Повний текст джерелаMorton, Ellen Cathrine. "Seismic Response of Large-scale Structures." Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/75065.
Повний текст джерелаTowashiraporn, Peeranan. "Building Seismic Fragilities Using Response Surface Metamodels." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4793.
Повний текст джерелаSchroeder, Brianna Lynn. "Seismic response assessment of skew highway bridges /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1440918.
Повний текст джерела"December, 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-186). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2006]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.
Dezhdar, Ehsan. "Seismic response of cantilever shear wall buildings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43678.
Повний текст джерелаBristowe, Stuart J. (Stuart James). "Seismic response of precast concrete wall panels." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22641.
Повний текст джерелаItagawa, Wendy. "Seismic response of a concrete bridge bent." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82499.
Повний текст джерелаJaved, Khalid. "Non linear seismic response of asymmetric buildings." Thesis, University of East London, 1999. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/1260/.
Повний текст джерелаCARDOSO, TARCISIO DE FREITAS. "OVERVIEW ON SECONDARY SYSTEM SEISMIC RESPONSE SPECTRA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12977@1.
Повний текст джерелаCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
A indústria de geração elétrica de fonte nuclear baseia-se em princípios de segurança e, nos critérios de projeto, considera-se a hipótese de terremoto. Os sistemas necessários à segurança são projetados para resistir e manter a operabilidade durante e após eventos sísmicos postulados. Propõe-se um roteiro para a produção de espectros de resposta sísmica para projeto de sistemas secundários, SS, incluindo a influência do acoplamento e em base probabilística. O roteiro utiliza a ferramenta SASSI, pode ser utilizado em situações gerais de cálculo e fornece um conjunto de programas para considerar modelos tridimensionais e suas respostas para uma excitação genérica em 3 direções ortogonais; representar os efeitos de acoplamento entre o SS e o sistema principal, SP; incluir a influência dos deslocamentos relativos entre os nós de apoio do sistema secundário no sistema principal; utilizar os fatores de transposição entre espectros elásticos e inelásticos; permitir a análise probabilística e a obtenção de Espectros de Resposta Uniformemente Prováveis, acoplados ou não; incluir interfaces para a utilização de seus resultados com outros programas de utilização geral, como o MS-EXCEL. O elevado grau de automatização permite a produção de espectros de resposta com refinamentos de modelagem, alcançando uma análise mais realista, sem a necessidade de esforços adicionais aos já requeridos pela metodologia convencional. A metodologia proposta enquadra-se no encaminhamento para o contexto atual de análise sísmica de instalações nucleares, com a utilização de espectros de resposta de projeto de ameaça uniforme, específico para o sítio da instalação, e o projeto sísmico de risco consistente.
The electric power reactor industry is based on rigid safety principles. The design criteria include seismic scenario. All safety related systems are designed to resist and to keep the operability during and after a postulated earthquake. It is suggested a procedure for the generation of in-structure seismic response spectra for secondary system design. A probabilistic approach is used and coupling effects between primary and secondary systems are taken into account. The proposed script uses SASSI system and can be used in general situations. A set of computer programs is developed to consider three-dimensional models and their responses for a generic base excitation, acting in 3 orthogonal directions; represent the coupling effect between primary and secondary systems, include the influence, on the response spectra, of the secondary system supports relative displacements; include approximated factors for transposition of elastic into inelastic response spectra; produce Uniformly Probable Response Spectra, including or not coupling effects; consider interfaces with other general programs, as the MS-EXCEL, for pos-processing purpose. The degree of automation, allows the production of response spectra including modeling refinements, reaching a more realistic analysis, without additional efforts beyond those already required by the conventional methodology. The proposed methodology is in the way of a site specific uniform hazard design response spectra, and of a consistent-risk seismic design.
Liguori, Nicola. "Seismic response of hospitals at different scales." Doctoral thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13795.
Повний текст джерелаTesis
Pelecanos, Loizos. "Seismic response and analysis of earth dams." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/23649.
Повний текст джерелаMalushte, Sanjeev R. "Seismic response of structures with Coulomb damping." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54235.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Doyle, Kelly. "Seismic response of telescope pipe pin connections." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453645.
Повний текст джерелаKadas, Koray. "Influence Of Idealized Pushover Curves On Seismic Response." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607761/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаthe Capacity Spectrum Method and the Displacement Coefficient Method are based on bi-linearization of the capacity curve. Although there are some recommendations for this approximation, there is a vital need for rational guidelines towards the selection of the most appropriate method among several alternatives. A comprehensive research has been undertaken to evaluate the influence of several existing alternatives used for approximating the capacity curve on seismic demands. A number of frames were analyzed under a set of 100 ground motions employing OpenSees. In addition, the pushover curves obtained from nonlinear static analyses were approximated using several alternatives and the resulting curves were assigned as the force-deformation relationships of corresponding equivalent single-degree-of-freedom systems. These simplified systems were later analyzed to compute the approximate seismic response parameters. Using the results of the complex and simplified analyses, the performance of each approximation method was evaluated in estimating the &
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exact&
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inelastic deformations of the multi-degree-of-freedom systems at various degrees of inelasticity. Dependency of the errors on ductility, strength reduction factor and period was also investigated. The interpretations made and the conclusions drawn in this study is believed to clarify the rationality and accuracy of selecting the appropriate idealization of the capacity curve.
Degirmenci, Can. "Dynamic Pull Analysis For Estimating The Seismic Response." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607833/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDynamic Pull Analysis&rdquo
for estimating the seismic response of multi degree of freedom (MDOF) systems. The method is tested on a six-story reinforced concrete frame and a twelve-story reinforced concrete frame that are designed according to the regulations of TS-500 (2000) and TEC (1997).
McAllister, Graeme. "Nonlinear seismic ground response of shallow sand sites." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54505.
Повний текст джерелаApplied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
Qu, Feng. "Seismic response of unanchored cylindrical liquid-tank systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22125.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаZeyl, Philip E. "Seismic response of two-way bridge column hinges." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23760.
Повний текст джерелаThe test results confirmed that the lateral column displacement was due almost entirely to rotations in the hinge. Horizontal slip at the hinge and flexural deformation in the column were insignificant prior to hinge gap closure, which occurred at large column displacements. Hinge gap closure resulted in sudden increases in stiffness and strength, but these increases occurred at column displacements which would be excessive in the prototype structure. The hinge responses are characterized by hysteretic pinching, poor energy absorption and significant stiffness degradation.
The measured moment-curvature responses of the hinge regions are compared predicted monotonic responses. Special attention is given to the effect of confinement on the hinge concrete in increasing the strength and the ductility of the concrete.
Harries, Kent A. (Kent Alexander). "Seismic response of steel beams coupling concrete walls." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56617.
Повний текст джерелаJeong, Seokho. "Topographic amplification of seismic motion including nonlinear response." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50325.
Повний текст джерелаChang, Tsu-Sheng. "Seismic Response of Structures with Added Viscoelastic Dampers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29915.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Verma, Navin Prakash. "Viscous Dampers for Optimal Reduction in Seismic Response." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43716.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Burdisso, R. A. "Seismic response analysis of multiply connected secondary systems." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49996.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
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Qu, Feng Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil and Environmental. "Seismic response of unanchored cylindrical liquid-tank systems." Ottawa, 1997.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCasacci, Susanna. "The seismic response of one-storey asymmetric structures." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4611/.
Повний текст джерелаChui, Kwok-Lun. "Integrated wind tunnel based response analysis and structural optimization for serviceability design of tall buildings /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20CHUI.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 187-194). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
El-Attar, Mohamed Mohsen. "Nonlinear dynamics and seismic response of power transmission lines." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ30082.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаShariatmadar, Hashem. "Seismic response of connections in precast concrete double-tees." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30386.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSarvghad-Moghadam, Abdoreza. "Seismic torsional response of asymmetrical multi-storey frame buildings." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/NQ42874.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBristowe, Stuart. "Seismic response of normal and high-strength concrete members." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36757.
Повний текст джерелаReversed cyclic loading tests were carried out on conventionally reinforced nominally ductile and ductile coupling beams constructed with normal and high-strength concrete. These tests investigated the effect of the design and detailing of the transverse reinforcement, as well as the strength of the concrete.
Analytical models for the prediction of the reversed cyclic loading response of concrete and steel are presented and used to predict the reversed cyclic tension-compression response of the axially loaded specimens tested. These tension-compression models were used to develop a plane sections analysis program, which was capable of evaluating the reversed cyclic moment-curvature response of concrete members. These models were very effective at predicting the reversed cyclic responses of the axially loaded specimens, the coupling beams and a flexural wall.
Niazi, Fawad Sulaman. "Static axial pile foundation response using seismic piezocone data." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52195.
Повний текст джерелаMaheetharan, A. "Modelling the seismic response of piles and pile groups." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358741.
Повний текст джерелаPanagiotidou, Andriani Ioanna. "Seismic response of wharf structures supported in liquefiable soil." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82845.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 108-110).
This research analyzes the vulnerability of wharf structures supported on loose granular waterfront fills that are susceptible to liquefaction during seismic events and considers the effectiveness of pre-fabricated Vertical (PV) drain systems in mitigating potential damage. The analyses are based on non-linear finite element simulations using the OpenSees open-source software framework. The analyses make extensive use of an advance macroelement formulation by Varun (PhD, 2010), which captures efficiently the fundamental mechanisms of saturated granular soil behavior. The thesis explains in detail the mechanical components of the macroelement as well as the necessary calibration steps. Numerical simulations of a typical berth of port facilities on the US West coast have been carried out using as earthquake loading the time histories of free field displacements and of excess pore pressures predicted by Vytiniotis (PhD, 2011) at specific locations along the embedded length of piles (for a suite of 56 ground motions). The results show that the primary cause of the structural damage is indeed the lateral spreading of the soil and therefore retrofitting efforts should be targeted in limiting the development of pore pressures that cause the lateral spreading. This argument is then tested by comparing the performance in numerical simulations for the case where full-depth PV drains are installed at locations behind the crest of the slope (i.e. minimally-intrusive mitigation system) and for the case of a fully densified slope for the same suite of ground motions. These results indicate that soil improvement methods assist in reducing structural damage to pile-deck connection locations. The results also show that the densification of the slope is only marginally superior to the less intrusive improvement with PV-drains.
by Andriani Ioanna Panagiotidou.
S.M.
Seymour, Douglas (Douglas Benjamin). "Design of innovative dynamic systems for seismic response mitigation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74497.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-99).
Rocking wall systems consist of shear walls, laterally connected to a building, that are moment-released in their strong plane. Their purpose is to mitigate seismic structural response by constraining a building primarily to a linear fundamental mode. This constraint prevents mid-story failure, and maximizes energy dissipation by activating the maximum number of plastic hinges throughout the structure. This is a useful response mitigation system, but suffers from some difficulties, stemming primarily from the considerable mass of the wall. Those difficulties are notably expensive foundations, and very high inertial forces imparted to the building, with subsequent need for expensive lateral connectors. The purposes of this work are to analyze current implementations of rocking wall systems, present an early reference on their application, present the first systematic methodology for their design, clarify their analysis, and introduce an alternative structural system that avoids their difficulties. A quasi-static analysis model is used for predicting the seismic mitigation performance of rocking walls and rocking columns. The stiffness matrix is generalized for an N-story building equipped with these structural systems. The model presented enables optimization of the design parameters, and consequently improved system effectiveness, analytical tractability, and material usage. The case study is a rocking wall system installed in a building located in Tokyo, Japan. A software package is developed, providing an illustrative implementation of the methods derived.
by Douglas Seymour.
S.M.
Malushte, Sanjeev R. "Prediction of seismic design response spectra using ground characteristics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45802.
Повний текст джерелаThe available earthquake records are classified into five groups according to their site stiffness and epicentral distance as the grouping parameters. For the groups thus defined, normalized response spectra are obtained for single-degree-ofâ freedom and massless oscillators. The effectiveness of the grouping scheme is examined by studying the variance of response quantities within each group. The implicit parameters of average frequency and significant duration are obtained for each group and their effect on the response spectra is studied. Correlation analyses between various ground motion characteristics such as peak displacement, velocity, acceleration and root mean square acceleration are carried out for each group.
Smoothed design spectra for relative and pseudo velocities and relative acceleration responses of single degree of freedom oscillators and the velocity and acceleration responses of massless oscillators are proposed for each group. Methods to predict relative velocity and relative acceleration spectra directly from the pseudo velocity spectra are presented. It is shown that the relative spectra can be reliably estimated from the pseudo spectra. The site dependent design spectra are defined for a wide range of oscillator periods and damping ratios.
Master of Science
Kumar, Mukesh. "Inelastic seismic response assessment of moment resisting steel frames." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/14524.
Повний текст джерелаMalasavage, Nicholas Eugene Wartman Joseph. "Post-seismic displacement response in normally consolidated clay slopes /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3202.
Повний текст джерелаKasinos, Stavros. "Seismic response analysis of linear and nonlinear secondary structures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33728.
Повний текст джерелаWan, Siu Pong. "Field monitoring of ground response to EPBM tunnelling close to existing tunnels in London Clay." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/42249.
Повний текст джерелаKASAI, Akira, 昭. 葛西, Qingyun LIU, 青芸 劉, Tsutomu USAMI, and 勉. 宇佐美. "INELASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF ECCENTRICALLY LOADED STEEL BRIDGE PIERS." 土木学会, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8649.
Повний текст джерелаTupper, Bryce. "Seismic response of reinforced concrete walls with steel boundary elements." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0023/MQ50667.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKoch, Pierre-Alexandre. "Seismic response of high-strength concrete beam-column-slab specimens." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0030/MQ50632.pdf.
Повний текст джерела