Дисертації з теми "Sécurité des produits de la mer"
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Wiernasz, Norman. "Amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des produits de la mer par la technologie des barrières incluant la biopréservation - Impact sur les écosystèmes microbiens." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ONIR121F.
Повний текст джерелаSeafood products count for an important part of our diet. However, they are fragile and have a limited shelf-life due to microbial spoilage. The objective of this thesis was to develop a biopreservation strategy applied to a salmon-based product, the gravlax, in order to improve its microbiological quality and safety. We firstly characterized this poorly known product on a microbiological (cultural analysis and metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA encoding gene), physico-chemical (biogenic amines and volatile organic compounds...) and sensorial point of view. Compared to smoked salmon packed under vacuum or modified atmosphere, the gravlax shows a higher microbial diversity, dominated by enterobacteria and linked to a specific volatilome and sensory profile. In a second time, six lactic acid bacteria strains were selected on technological criteria such as antimicrobial activity, spoilage potential, tolerance to freezing and chitosan, as well as safety criteria such as biogenic amines production and antibiotic resistance. These 6 strains were then applied on gravlax to evaluate their bioprotective potential. They are distinguished by their implantation capacity and their impact on the product microbial ecosystem, volatilome and sensory properties. A strain of Vagococcus fluvialis and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum were able respectively to control the sensorial spoilage and to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes, during gravlax refrigerated storage
Rivoal, Solène. "La Materia del pesce : structures, gestion et organisation des approvisionnements de Venise en produits de la mer au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0093.
Повний текст джерелаThis study analyses how the city of Venice managed to supply its fish markets in the 18th century, an organization system that involved actors, practices, spaces, and government strategies. The analyze focuses initially on the fish, which means to start by specifying the specimens that were captured to assess the production rhythms. All the mentioned aspects defined the exploitation system of this product, which became a crucial food resource for the city. In Venice, everybody ate seafood in their everyday life, from nobles to popolani. Such a remarkable place of the fish as basic food resulted in intensive reflections by the government and by the actors involved in the markets (merchants, fishermen, or fishmongers). They were particularly concerned about the management, the exploitation, and also the protection of these resources. Therefore, this study is related to historiography in several manners: Environmental history, Social history, and the History of the institutions; and it uses some approaches from Urban history and Economical history as well.The aim of this research is to determine how a management system of a capital resource for the city could be created and negotiated, a complex plan that involved political knowledge, technical skills, and particular uses of the exploitation of the lagoon. This interaction between politics and technique evolved during the 18th century, a period in which the economic life changed deeply. The materia del pesce, an expression used by the Venetian government, became a subject of negotiation between the authorities and the fish market actors
Sabino, Magali. "Bioaccumulation of trace elements in Seychelles marine food webs." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS026.
Повний текст джерелаFood security, that is guarantying food supply and quality while sustainably managing resources, is closely linked to knowing the biology and ecology of consumed species. In a context of global changes that are threatening seafood safety, it is thus necessary to establish baselines on marine ecosystem functioning, as well as nutrient availability and contamination occurrence in seafood. This is all the more important in Small Island Developing States (SIDS), where populations rely on marine resources for their subsistence, and where capture fisheries resources are the main sources of proteins and micronutrients (i.e. essential trace elements) in local populations’ diet. In spite of the importance of tropical systems in ensuring food security, they remain largely understudied compared to polar and temperate systems. This thesis thus aims to better understand the functioning of tropical marine systems, and to establish a baseline on micronutrient availability and metal(loid) contamination in a wide diversity of capture fisheries resources from the Seychelles (Western Indian Ocean), a tropical SIDS. By investigating trace element concentration patterns at the inter- and intraspecific levels, it was possible to identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing trace element bioaccumulation in tropical capture fisheries resources. We thus highlighted the importance of considering different scales (individual, species, and ecosystem) to better understand essential trace element availability and non-essential trace element occurrence in seafood
Gozlan, Estelle. "Commerce international et sécurité des produits." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100047.
Повний текст джерелаPerez, Laurence. "Les produits de contraste en IRM : biocompatibilité et sécurité." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P155.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Akuété Pedro. "La sécurité des produits industriels et la protection des consommateurs." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOD001.
Повний текст джерелаBramat, Eric. "L'obligation de sécurité : produits et services mis sur le marché." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10040.
Повний текст джерелаDayyani-Najafabadi, Abdol Rasoul. "La responsabilité du fait de défaut de sécurité des produits." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30020.
Повний текст джерелаThis study involes a preliminary part about doctrinal debates concerning the new regime of product liability as well as an analysis about its different material sources. The most important one is the council directive of 25th. July 1985, which study helps to find out its real position within the hierarchy of rules and also to precise its transposition into the different member state's legislation. Afterwards the two main parts exclusively concern the product liability in the french internal law. The fist part relates to define the notion of product liability, which possesses its proper characteristics and must to be distinguished from other similar notions, like regime of responsibility and its juridical obligations. Moreover, this same notion has got its proper scope of law and has to be carefully defined, that is to say the things which can be considered as a product, the person that are victims and responsible, and the damages concerned by the new dispositions. The second part deals with the regime of product responsibility itself. Primary, it depends on specific conditions which constitute the legal system, although the litigants are allowed to organise it through conventional modifications. Secondly, in case of interference of a foreign element during a litigation, its implement involves studying the international competence of law and jurisdiction. The specificity of this regime means that the victim's claim possesses a special jurisdictional treatment for the court. At last, both the producers' risks and the extent of reparation lead to a special study of the collective measure of compensation by of third party
Lagdami, Khanssa. "Les enjeux de la sécurité et de la sûreté maritimes en mer Méditerranée." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT4016.
Повний текст джерелаThe Mediterranean sea, semi-enclosed sea representing 1 % of the globe, is a compulsory sea road between Europe and Asia. It concentrates 25 % of world seaborne trade, including a third of oil supplies and a fifth container traffic passing through it annually. Every day a thousand ships transit at sea or stop at ports in full swing. Maritime activity is intense and inherent to this crossroads in a permanent movement. All the more so as that this sea is affected by a strong sinistrality (maritime accidents, oil dumping). Moreover, other dangers are strongly present, especially illegal immigration, drugs traffic, and the threat of terrorism. This fragility is amplified by a lack of uniformity in the application of the international regulations and by the particular status of the Mediterranean towards of the Law of the sea. Indeed, the delimitation of the EEZ in the Mediterranean is difficult. This situation favors the creation of lawless areas, and is the cause of several disputes in this sea. Through this thesis, we propose in a first step, a global view of the vulnerability of the Mediterranean and the various international and regional rules applying this and in a second step analyzes the actions to be taken by States (especially those in the south) to achieve efficiency in the application of international standards of maritime safety and security
Lauga, Francis. "De la mer au cœur." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P102.
Повний текст джерелаCalife, Catherine. "La protection du consommateur en matière de sécurité des produits et services." Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA131002.
Повний текст джерелаA complete consumption policy which aims at promoting consumers'interests must integrate goods as well as services. Among others French law has a specific policy which consists in warning and repressing the accidents caused by goods and services. The obligation of security must be beneficial to everybody, asit is required by public order and equity. Indeed, jurisprudence and doctrine tend to unify the mode of contactual and criminal liabilities by submitting the professionals to the same obligations towards the consumers of goods and services whether they be bound by contracts or not. The subject of this study is to try and analyse and to appreciate both aspects (prevention, repression and compensation) of the consumer protection and of the safety of goods and services. Prevention rest on a whole set of national, european or international rules which aim is to warrant the best access to goods and services and a use for consumers. .
Gustan, Teyssa. "La sécurité juridique et les plages." Thesis, Antilles, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANTI0008/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe management of the public domain is the root of recurrent problems affecting regional and coastal development, as well as environment al protection including notably the beaches. It Would be obvious to think that the measures taken to maintain a control over the real estate and heritage site put at the authorities disposal were effective enough to enable the carrying out of their mission, but the statements of fact is that the current regulation concerning the maritime public domain and especially the beaches, is not what was expected of it, that means a sufficient juridical security. The real issue is to show firstly, that the legislation concerning the beaches is confronted to a legal insecurity, then demonstrate that the regulation is becoming difficult to master because of the complexity of rules, as well as their tricky transposition in the overseas departments due to the insular nature of these regions. The consequence is the darkening of the law which leads inevitably to its inefficiency. The purpose of this study in to show that this juridical insecurity is worse in the overseas departments, to put also in evidence the ineffectiveness of the rules concerning the exploitation of the beaches, in order to clarify this juridical mess
Tephany, Yann. "La lutte contre les activités illicites en mer." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2013.
Повний текст джерелаMaritime security threats have always been a critical concern for States. The age-old figure of the pirate sailing the Seven Seas to plunder merchant ships is a striking illustration of this. Nowadays, this matter still attracts the attention of the international community. Contemporary maritime security threats now includes a wide range of illegal acts, such as piracy in the high seas, armed robbery in territorial waters, maritime terrorism, illicit traffic of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, smuggling and trafficking of persons, illegal fishing and intentional and unlawful damage to the marine environment. UNCLOS reaches a compromise between national interests of States in one hand, and the interest of the international community in the other. This Convention establishes a legal framework in which it upholds the principle of freedom of navigation in various articles, and also provides States' law enforcement powers against criminals operating on vessels flying foreign flags. However, UNCLOS is not, per se, a crime control treaty. For that reason, several multilateral treaties called “suppression convention” have been concluded, with the purpose of suppressing transnational crime. These treaties include the obligation to criminalize several activities that could be committed at sea, and serve to complement the international framework for fight illegal activities at sea.States and international organizations strengthen and enforce these international rules. They develop new instruments and procedures to tackle maritime security threats. International courts also play an important role, for instance in terms of obliging States to take due account of the fundamental rights of persons arrested for being involved in illicit maritime activities. All these developments demonstrate that States have enough legal tools to fight illegal activities at sea, although there is a lack of effective cooperation
Le, Roux Johann. "Stratégies d'approvisionnement et d'innovation des entreprises de transformation des produits de la mer." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES6004.
Повний текст джерелаThe seafood processing industry (SPI) is based on a natural renewable and common resource, these properties are different from those of agricultural resource. Can this distinction called in question the transposition of the model of development of the food processing industry to the SPI? More precisely, can this distinction created differences concerning supply and innovation strategies between the two industries ? To treat the problem, we join together two fields of investigation generally treated in a disjoined way : fishery economy and industrial organisation. We used a bio-economic model to analyse the incidence of the common-property of living marine resources. It shows some particularities on three ways : the expansion of the market, the supply strategy and innovation behaviour. To verify these results in the French case, we developed a methodology inspired by the Structure-Conduct-Performance paradigm. We also used the product life cycle theory and some concepts of the evolutionnary theory. The application of the methodology required the collection of information starting from pre-existent data. These informations led to a typology of the behaviours. Moreover, we examined the performances of the innovation strategies. The results show that the particularities of fishing industry are reflected clearly on supply behaviours but they are less influential on innovation strategies; they are also reflected on the development of the industry of the products frozen by the growth of the market, phenomenon likely to be reproduced with other divisions of the IHA
Lucas, Sterenn. "Les déterminants de la consommation verte : une application aux produits de la mer." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT4024.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze the determinants of demand for green products, and in particular, eco-friendly seafood. In the first chapter, we summarize existing literature on the demand for green products and highlight the characteristics that are specific to seafood. In the second chapter, we use survey data to study the demand for ecolabeled seafood products in Europe. Our econometric results show that there are links between the acceptance of an ecolabel and purchasing criteria, type, age and education level. In the third chapter, we analyze the determinants of consumption of seafood with three different labels: an eco-label, a health label and a fair-trade label. With the data from a French survey, we use an econometric analysis to show that consumers with positive attitudes towards ecolabels and consumers with positive attitudes towards fair-trade labels are similar, and can be distinguished from consumers with positive attitudes towards health labels. In the fourth chapter, we study the influence of social interactions on the demand for green and standard goods. Through a public goods model, we show that these interactions can cause a crowding out effect on the demand for a better environment. In the fifth chapter, we analyze the role of social interactions on the probability of being willing to pay more for ecolabeled seafood. We show through a matching model that being a part of a social circle with positive attitudes towards ecolabels raises this probability. This finding is valid for women while men do not seem to be influenced by their peers
Begraoui, Mohammed. "Profil stratégique des PME de transformation des produits de la mer au Maroc." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1991. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5653/1/000590833.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Hussein Sawsan. "La sécurité et l'efficacité des produits dermo-cosmétiques : la réalité et la législation internationale." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA3705.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, the use of dermo-cosmetic products by human beings is essential. Many persons, especially women, use frequently cosmetics due to the cult of physical appearance and the importance of the look. A consumer is interested in two criteria when buying a cosmetic product : the efficacy of the product and its security during short or long periods. - The aim of our work was to protect the consumer by proposing methods to assure effective and safe cosmetics. This work is divided in three parts : [1] A comparison between different techniques of skin relief quantification (in vitro and in vivo) : we have verified the sensibility of some methods used in the evaluation of cosmetics efficacy. [2] A percutaneous study : we have evaluated the cutaneous passage, across epidermis-dermis layers of risky molecules : parabens. [3] A comparison between intemational legislations and real use of cosmetics by consumers nowadays
Hauville, Claire Biard Jean-François. "Produits marins et cancers les substances en cours d'essais cliniques /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=46916.
Повний текст джерелаNgoué, Willy James. "L'obligation de sécurité en droit médical." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA083738.
Повний текст джерелаIllikoud, Nassima. "Caractérisation des mécanismes d'altération des produits camés et de la mer par Brochothrix thermosphacta." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4020/document.
Повний текст джерелаMicrobial spoilage of food causes considerable economic losses worldwide. It results from the development and metabolism of microorganisms which produce undesirable odors, flavors, textures, or colors. Brochothrix thermosphacta is one of the main spoilage bacteria of meat and seafood products. It produces various metabolites responsible for off-odors, which seem to depend on strains, food type, and bacterial communities surrounding it. We assessed the genetic and phenotypic diversity of B. thermosphacta among a strain collection issued from various origins (seafood, meat, dairy products, and environment). Different methods were applied to discriminate strains into distinct groups, revealing a significant diversity. However, the intra-species diversity is not related to the environment strains were isolated from. . Four strains representative of intra-species diversity were analyzed by comparative genomics. The genomic content is similar and the only differences reside in phage and plasmid content and on surface components that may contribute to their ecological adaptation. Point mutations may be responsible for different abilities to produce spoilage molecules. A transcriptomic study showed that the genes differentially expressed on seafood or meat matrices encoded functions important for growth and survival on these specific niches. The volatilome analysis showed that B. thermosphacta produced different molecules responsible for off-odors that vary depending on the growth matrix. Therefore, we showed a matrix effect rather than a strain effect on the spoilage potential of B. thermosphacta
Charafeddine, Omar. "Croissance et thermorésistance de bactéries isolées de produits de la mer cuisinés sous vide." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10069.
Повний текст джерелаThiver, Jean-Luc. "La responsabilité du fait des produits alimentaires défectueux." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32074.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, food products security reveals an increased desire for caution. Case law and rules concerning liability for defective products aim to improve consumers' legal security. According to its legislative history, the purpose of law n°98-389 of May 19th 1998 is to establish a liability called "objective" that is distinguished from the classic common law liability based on fault. Manufacturers and sellers are therefore expected to put on the market a product that provides “the safety that a person is entitled to expect”. This consumer protection rule also includes an obligation to furnish information and advice. But is this new safety obligation equally applicable to all products, including food, according to the classification provided in article 1386-3 of the civil Code? Also, any producer of a defective movable must compensate for any damage caused to the physical well-being or property of individuals. Legal scholars seem commonly to admit that these so-called "objective" measures based on a presumption of prejudice for "risk creation" make the compensation of victims easier to obtain. However, doesn't the victim's compensation inevitably depend on a causal link between the manufacturer's fault and the victim's damage? Is the proof of causation subsumed in the notion of "compensable damage"?
Smietana, Michael. "Contribution à la synthèse totale des psammaplysines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13099.
Повний текст джерелаGnoan, Ambroise Kablan Amon. "La sécurité maritime dans les États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre." Lille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL20007.
Повний текст джерелаMaritime transport, compelling factor of economic development, may also lead to important navigation and the pollution of the maritime environment secutity risks. Such risks can be caused by the significant increase of vessels under standard in developing countries are more likely to hold. Among them there are Western and Central African States. They have legislation for maritime transport, but the texts are modeled on those dating from the colonial era. They are the therefore either inadequate or insufficient to ensure maritime safety. In addition, rare are the IMO conventions that they have ratified. Furthermore, faced with the phenomenon of globalisation, taken separately, West abd Central African States regulations are less effective. Aware of this situation, these States have created the Maritime Organization of Africa West and Central concerned to provide a flat form of cooperation in the field of maritime transport and multimodal transport system to establish a regional maritime transport integration policy States. But these efforts are mainly concentred on the economic aspect of the maritime sector ; maritime safety and pollution prevention have been neglected even though they are issues of vital importance to the International Maritime Organization. This must go through a harmonisation of the rules, in the sub region and the ratification of the IMO conventions
Da, Silva Dominique. "Les aspects juridiques actuels de la sécurité maritime." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010280.
Повний текст джерелаHistorically the maritime safety in its full meaning essentially aimed in preserving the ship, men, and goods. People from the maritime world (states, international maritime organization, classification societies) were mainly interested in the technical aspect raised by sea safety matters. Nowadays the international community's growing interest in the protection of the environment helps to better understanding with a new approach on sea security matters. In order to take into account this new concern towards sea environment, the "maritime safety" concept has progressively changed. From now on, the security rules have changed from protecting the ship and human life into preserving and saving the sea world. The maritime safety law evolved punctually and technically all along the occurence of the main sea disasters ("torrey canyon" in 1967, "amoco cadiz" in 1978 and "exxon-valdez" in 1989). The arising of sea accidents showed the limits and the weakness of the existing conventionnal system. It also highlighted the aspects of shipping safety that have to be improved. Today two main priorities have been emphasized by the new security rules. The first one is to reinforce the controls on effective application of international legislation in increasing control powers of port state. The second priority aims to improve the skills of the crew according thanks to the adoption of the ism code and the revision of the stcw/78 convention. However total security does not exist and never will althoug there are plenty of rules concerning this matter. The remaining objective of the maritime security law is to reach the maximum security
Coulibaly, Sognon Céline. "La sécurité des produits : droit positif ivoirien : étude à l'aune du droit communautaire UEMOA." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10018.
Повний текст джерелаThe proliferation of serial and personal injury by products implies product safety as a major societal concern. Beyond the expansion of product risks, it's States incapacity, evidenced by the lack or the inadequacy of legal means of prevention that matters. It is also the economic activity that is in question. And if the need for product safety must be filled, whether to preserve life and health against the dangers of products, common sense is required: Prevention is better than effective cure, reparation or sanction. Therefore, it is little more than prevention at the request, but imposing a process, particularly through the requirements of the UN, WHO, of the SPS and TBT WTO and especially to UEMOA whose subtlety reflects the extent of the responsibilities of the Ivorian government and economic forces. The formers are responsible for internal public order and should reform the incomplete legal and institutional framework of an integrated risk control of products. The laters are responsible for the safety of their products, and are prompted to the internalisation of risk management that will certainly allow them to limiting the costs of liability
Dahan, Ariane. "L'obligation de sécurité des produits en droit civil comparé : étude comparative du droit français et du droit anglais." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020009.
Повний текст джерелаDien, Jean-Michel. "Contribution à l'étude de la sécurité des procédés chimiques conduisant à des décompositions autocatalysées." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0407.
Повний текст джерелаLonguet, Patrick. "Le consommateur et le risque alimentaire : vers un modèle intégrateur d'équilibre." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0011.
Повний текст джерелаOur work is focused on food risk and particularly the analysis of the consumer behavior in a real risky situation. Our theoretical framework is translated from the models based upon stability, used in many other sciences. Our central question is based on : how to get a better understanding of the consumer behaviour in a risky situation?We have followed two major steps in our work. Firstly, a review of literature gives us the conceptual framework and secondly, an empirical study explore the dimensions involved in the crisis evaluation by the consumer himself. Our methodological plan used the scenario method, and we have both conducted a qualitative and quantitative study. We finally give the results of our work and try to establish the limits and the future possibilities for further research works
Benaissa, Wassila. "Développement d'une méthodologie pour la conduite en sécurité d'un réacteur continu intensifié." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7500/1/benaissa.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPicot-Groz, Marina. "Contamination de l’environnement marin par des produits de soin et des produits pharmaceutiques : molécules mères et métabolites." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT107.
Повний текст джерелаContamination of coastal environments by emerging contaminants is a recent societal concern, explaining the lack of data available today in this environment. However, some of these contaminants are likely to cause ecotoxic effects on aquatic organisms in the marine environment. Three ways of contaminants introduction into the marine environment are commonly identified: indirect inputs with catchments through coastal rivers and direct inputs through recreational activities and through the wastewater effluents. This work focused on direct contributions. The main objective of this thesis was to assess the current state of the contamination of the marine environment by pharmaceuticals and care products (PPCP) and to evaluate their contribution by the recreational activities and the wastewater releases. In order to assess the impact of bathing activities on marine contamination, occurrence studies of UV filters, substances mainly contained in sunscreens, have been carried out in coastal areas in seawater and in aquatic organisms and more precisely in mussels. The results showed seasonal and intra-day variations in the concentration of UV filters in the coastal environment, confirming that recreational activities contribute to introduce these substances in marine environment. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) does not allow the complete elimination of some persistent PPCPs. To evaluate the impact of WWTP effluents on the receiving environment, pharmaceuticals and their conjugated forms were analyzed in domestic and hospital effluents and in WWTP influents and effluents. The low concentrations of conjugated found in WWTP effluents demonstrated that the conjugated were not represented relevant markers of marine contamination by wastewater. However, partially treated wastewater is sometimes discharged directly into the marine environment via marine outfalls, hence the importance of assessing this input. The data on the occurrence of a pharmaceutical molecule, venlafaxine and its transformation products at marine outfall, confirmed the presence of its molecules in the marine environment and the importance of including metabolites in monitoring programs of marine contamination
Charlot, Antoine Yves. "Dimension juridique du secteur des huiles essentielles : aspects sécurité." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0054.
Повний текст джерелаSecurity of essential oil represents a major preoccupation for professionals of the aromatic area. Management of these materials is sensitive insofar as it's a very technical area and as public authorities sometimes have difficulties to define coherent rules suited to scientific realities. Otherwise, the concept of "essential oil" doesn't exist in our legal order. In the professional circle or with regard to the consumers, applicable security rules depends on the utilisation of the products in the chemical area, in cosmetics area, in foods area or in pharmaceutical area. Essential oils then cover specific qualifications according to the area where they're exploited. Through these different regulations, the notion of security seems complicated, including not only restrictions on the use of the substances but also rules concerning information on the dangers or concerning tractability of the products. In this context, the precautionary principle have been recognized an important role
Sirot, Véronique. "Une approche d'analyse risque/bénéfice de la consommation de poissons et produits de la mer." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00566527.
Повний текст джерелаMaillard-Mulak, Véronique. "La cuisson sous vide de préparations à base de produits de la mer : aspects microbiologiques." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10063.
Повний текст джерелаTouré, Barham. "L'insécurité en mer et le droit : mutations, prévention et sanction." Lille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL20012.
Повний текст джерелаCorvée, Ronan Biard Jean-François. "Substances marines d'intérêt thérapeutique hors cancérologie le point sur les produits en recherche clinique en 2008 /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=53541.
Повний текст джерелаMinko, Mi Nze Igor Kevin. "L'intervention du Conseil de sécurité en matière de sécurité maritime." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR140.
Повний текст джерелаMaritime areas are subject to many violations that represent real threats to them. Wrongful Acts of States on the one hand, and the increasing number of crimes on the other hand, contribute to endanger the safety of the navigational system, but also of the marine environment and of the sea users. Although, its main purpose is not to take care of the maritime security, the Chapter VII from the Charter of the United Nations is often used by the Security Council, when they implement peace-keeping missions.Therefore, it can sometimes indirectly participate and protect maritime areas from the wrongful acts committed by some States. During the last ten years, the Security Council has also resorted to Chapter VII in order to protect the maritime areas from the criminal acts that take place there. The impression which emerges from this is that of an ambivalent policy, which is indicative of the collective security’s contribution to the Law of the Sea
Guilbaud, Morgan. "Listeria monocytogenes dans l'industrie des produits de la mer : quantification, virulence et réponse au stress fumé." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2008.
Повний текст джерелаThe identification of the Listeria monocytogenes risk in the seafood products industry is based on epidemiological data and development of methodological tools to understand the pathogen’s behaviour in the products and their processing environments. This project first consisted in developing quantification of L. Monocytogenes and genes expression methods that could be applied to the study of L. Monocytogenes ‘behaviour in the seafood products and their environment. The first method allowed quantifying L. Monocytogenes using a real time PCR assay targeting the hly gene of the listeriolysin. This method allowed detecting and quantifying L. Monocytogenes growing in biofilms without requiring an enrichment step. Then we developed a quantification method of the virulence genes expression with a Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR assay which is a tool to study the effect of environmental conditions, especially on hly gene expression. To improve data on virulence of L. Monocytogenes strains isolated from seafood products industries, about thirty isolates from different products and geographical origins were tested for virulence. Results showed that only one isolate originating from smoked salmon had an attenuation of virulence and all the others were virulent. Finally, we studied the L. Monocytogenes response to the seafood products smoking with a proteomic approach. No adaptive response would be developed by the pathogen during smoking, but the smoke applied allowed the inhibition of the listeriolysin activity, showing a potential effect of the smoke on the virulence
Debril, Thomas. "Qualités des marchandises et préférences des marchands : la régulation des marchés des produits de la mer." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0041.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, the author discusses three different dynamics of commercialization that underline alternative forms of production and consumption in the case of seafood market. First, the dynamic of the supermarket industry and its suppliers is described, concentrating on the nature of their exchanges and their impact on the quality of the product. Next, the opposite dynamics is discussed. The actors of this market are redefining the nature of their exchanges in organizing their relationships to qualify their products. At last but not least, between them, the merchants accept to behave more foreseeably. In this more structured market, transactions rely on long term relationships and quality is stabilized. The author concludes that the seafood market evolution and regulation are directly influenced by the nature of the product and the nature of the merchant relationship
Memet, Jean-Bernard. "La corrosion marine des structures métalliques portuaires : étude des mécanismes d'amorçage et de croissance des produits de corrosion." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS047.
Повний текст джерелаCartou, Etienne. "L'entreprise et la securite des personnes en droit communautaire." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05D013.
Повний текст джерелаThe eec is based on four principle of circulation. Perfection of the common market was subject to national constraints. Protection of health and individuals force themselves upon to be the most important among them. The aim was to break through free legal circulation obstacles, without smashing legal mechanism put in place within every national legal system, in a view to protect consumers, workers and also environment. Various treaties had already considered such needs. However difficulties were important and european institutions had thus to adapt themselves to take necessary steeps. Ultimately, it is only in the ninetees that various treaties were amended to allowed development of actions in connection with protection of security, health and individuals. Remarkable legal rules were elaborated since then. Being the consequence of freedom of circulation of goods, establishment or furnishing of services, or been the result of political actions in socials matters, it deeply interfere in the organization of professional activities and appears to be made like a global system with complementary and joint mechanisms. Consequently a great deal of texts, however complexes, were put in place, which put forward organization of production and information on risk
Abdel-Hamid, Sarwat. "Obligations et responsabilité du fabricant de produits dangereux." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10026.
Повний текст джерелаBrissard, Charline. "Ovatoxines : purification à partir d'Ostropsis cf.Ovata en culture et niveaux d'acccumulation dans les produits de la mer." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT2070.
Повний текст джерелаDinoflagellates of genus Ostreopsis are known in tropical areas to provoke food intoxication, after palytoxin accumulation in seafood. Probably in link with climatic changes, Ostreopsis sp. Is increasingly present in French Mediterranean since 2006. In the context of the PhD, the studies in natural environment, in summer 2011 and 2012, showed that: i) Ostreopsis cf. Ovata strain presented a complex toxinic profile, including palytoxin and especially ovatoxins (OVTX-a, -b, c, -d, -e). A new analog (OVTX-h) was detected; ii) cell and toxinic concentrations decreased with depth; iii) different seafood accumulated toxins, which could represent real risk for bathers and consumers. Because there are no standards for OVTXs, one of the PhD goals was to develop a OVTXs purification protocol from Ostreopsis cf. Ovata extracts. For this purpose, optimal culture conditions were investigated, allowing a maximal production of OVTXs (300 pg/cell). Different extraction and concentration steps developed had permitted to obtain a toxin rich fraction. Finale purification was performed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/ UV detection, using Uptisphere C18-TF column. PhD researches have allowed to acquire data, which contribute to analysis of sanitary impact, since nowadays, at international level, there are just few data allowing to establish Ostreopsis sp. Alert and sanitary security threshold
Fécourt, Fabien Pale Patrick. "Le motif 1,3-enyne: un motif polyvalent Synthèse de métabolites issus des algues Caulerpa taxifolia et prolifera - synthèse d'époxyallenynol /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/716/01/FECOURT2006.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPetit, Karina-Ethel. "Nouveaux médicaments d'origine marine : étude chimique et pharmacologique des métabolites bioactifs du Micromycète saprophyte Penicillium waksmanii et du Cnidaire Rhytisma fulvum." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT30VS.
Повний текст джерелаAs part of the research of new marine metabolites with therapeutic designs, two organisms were studied: the cnidaria Rhytisma fulvum from the Djibouti Gulf and the mould Penicillium waksmanii from the shellfish farming of the Loire estuary. Several compounds have been isolated and identified: three of them are original, four others are already described. Biological properties of these metabolites have been investigated in the field of immunosuppressive activity, neuroactivity, and antifungal and cytotoxic activities. The most promising result is the activity of one of the original compoundsf which potentiates the calcium current. Besides a fundamental progress in the field of the ionic channels, industrial applications in agribusiness (insecticides) or in therapeutic (Parkinsonism, cardiac disorders) are considered
Guiheneuf-Giraud, Laurence. "Méthodologie d'évaluation d'une filière de traitement biologique et chimique de déchets issus d'une pollution marine accidentelle par des hydrocarbures pétroliers." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2013.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this study is to permit all actors to manage hydrocarbon pollution and to choose adapted waste treatment. An evaluation methodology was realised and proposed for the same. A chemical characterisation of the pollutants all along the treatment stage was done by GCMS and HPLC. The biodegradability was evaluated using Sturm test. The ecotoxicity and mutagenicity evaluation of treatment residues were realised by LUMIStox, ARTOXKIT and Ames tests. Finally, the VOC’s which are produced during the biodegradation step were characterised. The microbial consortium profile used for this biotreatment was analysed by Biolog EcoPlate method. Results of Sturm test showed 16% of biodegradation for the DEPOL (petroleum). The Sturm test cannot be adapted for organic wastes different from petroleum source and it is less adapted for sandy wastes which contains carbonate irons. Then, a pilot is constructed in order to adapt the methodology for the evaluation of a biotreatment of marine sand polluted by DEPOL (1/10 biopile). No genotoxicity was detected and a very high acute toxicity occurs rapidly for percolated water, which was probably due to a poor oxygen diffusion. The microbial diversity decreases in the percolated water and in the reactor containing activated sludge, but increases in sand. Some of the VOC’s were identified by GCMS. Alkanes and aromatic compounds in sand were degraded in 3 weeks of treatment, whereas alkanes in percolated water were less rapidly degraded. In conclusion, percolated water, which presents a high acute toxicity, must be taken into account for a biological treatment
Lopez-Legentil, Susanna. "Etude pluridisciplinaire du genre cystodytes (Ascidiacea) : des molécules aux espèces." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0651.
Повний текст джерелаThe colonial ascidian Cystodytes is widely distributed in both tropical and temperate waters. At least two chemotypes exist in the Mediterranean. The first presents the sulfur-containing pyridoacridines shermilamine B, kuanoniamine D, and their deacetylated forms, and was found in a purple morph. The second presents the C9-unsubstituted pyridoacridines ascididemin and 11-hydroxyascididemin, found in blue and green morphs. An ultra-structural study of the tunic revealed that the main cell types were bladder cells, pigment cells, amebocytes, phagocytes, and morula cells and that the sulfur-containing pyridoacridines were stored in the pigment cells. All crude extracts, as well as ascididemin, were toxic and significantly deterred fish but not sea urchin predation. In contrast, acidity by itself, and spicular shape and concentration did not deter feeding. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses pointed towards the existence of several species in the Mediterranean. In addition, both the reproductive and growth periods of the purple and blue morphs, although partially overlapping, showed significant temporal lags, reinforcing previous genetic and chemical results indicating that these morphs are distinct species. Moreover, the results showed that when the ascidian invested in reproduction, the energy allocated to other life cycle parameters, such as growth, chemical and physical defenses, was significantly reduced. The multidisciplinary approach used in this work provided an interesting case study through which to develop a better understanding of the biology, ecology and secondary chemistry of marine invertebrates
Sicart-Calmette, Marie-Thérèse. "Etude de quelques radioprotecteurs : radiopharmacologie et distribution au niveau des tissus et des tumeurs chez l'animal." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13513.
Повний текст джерелаTsamoye, Pacôme. "La mondialisation des échanges agricoles : quels impacts sur la sécurité alimentaire au Gabon et au Cameroun ?" Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3031.
Повний текст джерелаTemri, Leïla. "Evolution des systèmes de production, stratégie et technologie : application au secteur de la transformation des produits de la mer." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10040.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to improve the understanding of the evolution of the production systems of firms by analyzing their choices in production equipement. Specifically, the increase in automated equipement is compared to the improvement of production organization as a way for evolution. The basic assumption of the study is that the choice between these two ways depends on the spreading features of automated equipement in the industry and on the internal strategy of each firm. When applied to the case of the processed seafood industry, the study also considers as a factor the existing variation, in quality and quantity, of the supplies, due to the unstable nature of seafood and to its production mode, i. E. Fishery. In a first part the analysis points out the strategic context of the processed seafood industry, then, it shows the existence of a technological barrier, and explains it as a consequence of two factors : the specific features of seafood and of seafood and of its processing, the supply conditions of automated equipement. Eventually, a link is shown between the strategic specificities of the firms, e. G. The size and stability of supplies, and their behaviours against automation. Consequently, the behaviour of the firms depends on their stage of development. But, to explain the whole range of observed behaviours, both technological and strategic features must be jointly taken into account