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Статті в журналах з теми "Scientific expeditions Australia History 19th century"
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Strecke, Volker. "60 years of the Antarctic Treaty – history and celebration in radio waves." Polarforschung 90, no. 2 (July 29, 2022): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/polf-90-13-2022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The Antarctic Treaty, successfully negotiated and signed in 1959, entered into force after ratification by the 12 original signatory countries in 1961. Under the Antarctic Treaty, research activities are now carried out in Antarctica by 54 countries. These are 29 consultative and 25 non-consultative parties. Radio communications have always been an important part of all scientific activities in research stations, ships and aircraft in Antarctica. Historic expeditions in the 19th century and early 20th century had to use wired telegraph stations after returning from expeditions. Between 1911 and 1913, Wilhelm Filchner and Douglas Mawson were the first Antarctic expedition leaders to explore the possibilities of wireless telegraphy. Mawson succeeded in establishing radio communications from Antarctica to Australia for the first time in 1912. Today, the use of communication technologies is almost taken for granted. Direct amateur radio communications via shortwave are a flexible backup and an effective addition to communications about the Antarctic. On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Antarctic Treaty, a major international radio activity was launched in the second half of 2021 with which an important contribution to communication to the public was made. Amateur radio is now an important part of research activities in Antarctica.
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Imasheva, Marina. "Russian Expeditions to the Turkmen Coast of the Caspian Sea in the First Quarter of the 19th Century." ISTORIYA 13, no. 10 (120) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021993-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, based on the analysis of Russian literature, memoirs of participants and published materials, documents from the archives of the Russian Federation, the author reconstructed the history of expeditions organized by the Russian authorities to the eastern (Turkmen) shore of the Caspian Sea in the first quarter of the 19th century. The purpose of the expeditions was to find and organize a place for the foundation of the Russian commercial and naval fortifications. Military, officials, scientists, merchants were involved in the expeditions, which were of an intelligence and economic nature. The program of the expeditions was formulated by representatives of the highest authorities of the Russian Empire, the treasury also paid for all the costs of their organization and implementation. The expeditions were equipped and sent to the Turkmen coast from the Astrakhan port, the main Russian point on the Volga-Caspian route. During the expeditions, extremely important scientific data were obtained: on ethnography, socio-economic and cultural life of Turkmen tribes and cartography. It was possible to enlist the support of the heads of the Turkmen coastal tribes, to form a list of goods that was interesting for the local population. The results of the expeditions eventually allowed the Russian authorities to decide on a place to establish their trading post (and port) and begin building the Novo-Petrovsky fortification on Mangyshlak in the 1840s.
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Gould, W. John. "HMS Challenger and SMS Gazelle – their 19th century voyages compared." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 13, no. 2 (September 22, 2022): 171–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-13-171-2022.
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Abstract. This paper analyses the pioneering global voyages of HMS Challenger and SMS Gazelle in the 1870s – a time of rapid scientific advances and technological innovation. The voyage of Challenger has become well known as marking the start of the global-scale science of oceanography. The voyage of the Gazelle is much less well known despite the two voyages ending in the same year, 1876, and having similar geographical and scientific scope. Rather than focussing on the scientific achievements, the paper concentrates on how the expeditions were planned and executed, the lives and characters of the personnel involved, and the underlying motivation behind the voyages. The paper presents the author's translations of key elements of the Gazelle reports as a means of introducing the Gazelle expedition to an English-speaking readership.
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Mukhtarov, Timur, and Firdaus Khisamitdinova. "History and Sociology of Bashkir: Archival Dialect Materials from Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS (Scientific Archive, Collections of Rare Books and Manuscripts)." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 3, no. 19 (December 28, 2021): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2021-3-19-114-125.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The article examines early-to-mid 20th century Bashkir dialect materials stored at archival collections of Ufa Federal Research Centre (RAS). Goals. The study aims at interpreting and identifying the dialect materials for available documents related to history and sociology of the Bashkir language. Materials and methods. The work analyzes reports and other documents of 1920s–1930s dialect and comprehensive research expeditions supervised by N. Dmitriev, as well as old printed books, dictionaries and other 18th–19th century materials from the Scientific Library and collections of rare books and manuscripts. The main research methods employed are descriptive, comparative, and diachronic ones. Results. The paper shows that participants of expeditions succeeded in collecting not only linguistic and folklore materials but also that dealing with sociology of Bashkir. Moreover, the former not only examined the language situation but also made their proposals on the language of instruction in the field, thus improving the literary language, compiling dictionaries and textbooks. Conclusions. The most valuable materials on history and sociology of the Bashkir language have been deposited in archives of Ufa Federal Research Centre (RAS). Those reflect 18th – 20th century linguistic peculiarities, specifics of language policy, state of the Bashkir language in crucial years of the 20th century
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Nazimbetova, G. Sh, Zh D. Abdykerimov, and A. O. Balataev. "Paleontological and geological research conducted in the Embi area." Kazakhstan zoological bulletin 3, no. 2 (November 22, 2022): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54944/kzbal336cn10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
he article describes in detail the geological and paleontological studies carried out on the territory of the Emba region. Exploration of Emba begins in the second half of the 18th century. This is due to individual researchers of nature, natural scientists, special expeditions of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, who conducted research. In the period 1768-1774. naturalists and travelers have comprehensively explored the nature and history of Emba. In the 19th century, all studies carried out in the Emba region were of a route nature, and the 20th century was the century of active geological and paleontological work in the Emba region. Employees of various research institutes (All-Russian Institute for Geological Exploration of Oil Fields (VNIGRI), Institute of Geological Sciences of the USSR Academy of Sciences, All-Russian Scientific Institute of Geophysical Exploration Methods (VNIIGeophysics) and other organizations conducted research on various topics in the Emba region.
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Feklova, Tatiana Yurievna. "The known unknown land." Miscellanea Geographica 23, no. 3 (July 31, 2019): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2019-0013.
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Abstract This article is devoted to the history of Russian hypsometric and geographic investigations of the northern part of China, Mongolia, Manchuria, the Amur and the Ussuri region in the 19th century. The article is based on the analysis of numerous sources from the Russian State Historical Archive, St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences, Russian National Library, the Library of the Shanghai Zikawei Observatory. The article’s methodological framework is objectivity concept, systematically of scientific analysis of archival materials. The considerable attention is paid to H. Fritsche’s, Palladius’s, N.M. Przhevalsky’s and other expeditions. The detailed analysis of a new systematic mapping of the northern part of China, made by the Russian scientists is given. The role of the Beijing Magneto-meteorological observatory in Beijing, as the part of the Russian Academy of sciences, is specially noted. The author considers in details the political and socio-economic conditions of expeditions.
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo, and Gabriel Escribano Cobo. "Descubrimientos y exhibición de momias guanches en la primera mitad del siglo xix. Museos europeos (Montpellier, Göttingen, San Petesburgo, Ginebra) y gabinetes científicos insulares de Saviñón y Megliorini." Revista de Historia Canaria, no. 203 (2021): 125–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.histcan.2021.203.05.
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The exhibition of two mummies in the Natural History cabinet in Paris aroused the interest of various scientific expeditions that made a stopover in Tenerife in the first half of the 19th century. Nicolas Baudin’s expedition in 1800 coincided with the discovery of a cave with mummies in El Sauzal and three ended up in the university museums of Montpellier and Göttingen and one in the cabinet of Saviñón. Another mummy was given to von Krusenstern’s Russian expedition of 1803, currently in the museum of Saint Petersburg. A new cave with mummies was discovered ca. 1815 in Tacoronte, which ended up in the scientific cabinet of Megliorini. Another mummy located in Valleseco, Santa Cruz, around 1823, was sold in Puerto de la Cruz to a Swiss merchant for the Geneva museum.
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Majidov, J. J. "GLIMPSES FROM THE HISTORY OF THE AMUDARYA FLOTILLA AT THE END OF 19TH -BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY (on the basis of the proceedings of "Turkestan collection")." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 15, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2019-15-10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the article the endeavors of the Russian empire to make use of the waterways of the region upon its conquest of the Turkistan region, the start of the usage of Amudarya river for military-strategic, economic purposes, its scientific expeditions to achieve these goals, the bringing of steamboats, barges which were able to navigate in the local conditions, their load capacity and speed, the warehouses of the Russian industrial plants on the Amudarya, their exterritorial legal issues, steamboats in the disposal of the
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Miklouho-Maclay, Niсkolay N. "Preservation of Historical and Cultural Heritage and Historical Memory as a Tool for the Development of Scientific, Educational, and International Projects." Oriental Courier, no. 1 (2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310021376-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Work on the preservation of historical and cultural heritage and historical memory is the main goal of the Miklouho-Maclay Foundation for the Preservation of Ethnocultural Heritage. The author, a great-grandson and full namesake of the famous scientist-traveler Nikolay N. Miklukho-Maklai is the founder and the head of the Fund. In the article, the author argues the goals of the foundation and talks about its main projects in the initial period of activity (2017-2020). The materials presented in the article demonstrate how the preservation of the scientific and ideological heritage of the Russian scientist Nikolay N. Miklukho-Maklai contributes to the development of scientific, cultural, and educational projects, including international ones. During his numerous voyages to Oceania, Australia, and Southeast Asia in 1870, Miklukho-Maclay carried out extensive expeditionary work and gathered unique factual material, which allowed him to rightfully enter the history of the world science as an outstanding ethnographer, anthropologist, and naturalist of broad profile. He made significant contributions to various scientific disciplines and developed and substantiated the doctrine of equality of races and peoples. The article also discusses field expedition activities in the South Pacific today, contemporary Russian researchers, and their influence on the development of scientific projects and international scientific relations. The author talks about the expeditions of scientists of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, who conducted research on the territory of Papua New Guinea in the 20th century and shares his experience about the expeditions in the 21st century, organized by the Miklukho-Maklai Foundation. He shares his experience of the expeditions of the 21st century organized by the Miklouho-Maclay Foundation and the use of their results in the projects of the Foundation. The author presents in the article his vision of the prospects and role of the Foundation, the main mission of which is to preserve traditions, raise respect for the values and cultures of the peoples of the world, implement educational, scientific, and cultural projects to protect the historical memory. In addition, the author analyzes the prospects of bilateral relations between the Russian Federation and the Independent State of Papua New Guinea.
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Davan, Taya. "Итоги экспедиций Университета Внутренней Монголии в Синьцзян: полевые записи песен «Джангара»". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 13, № 1 (26 квітня 2021): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-1-120-133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. For the first time the Epic of Jangar became known in scientific circles after B. Bergmann published a German account of The Song of the Battle between the Heroes of Jangar and Shara Gyurgyu the Terrible in the early 19th century. Since then, the Jangar had become known in the world as the Kalmyk heroic epic. After the publication of newly discovered songs of the Jangar at the beginning of the 20th century in Mongolia, it became known as a Mongolian epic. In the late 1970s, after publishing numerous songs of the Jangar in China, the epic became known as epic legacy of the Oirats of Russia, China and Mongolia. One of the scientific centers of China which has been actively searching for the Jangar texts for 41 years is Inner Mongolia University. From 1977 to 2018, teachers of the Mongolian Faculty undertook ten scientific expeditions to the Oirat-inhabited areas of Xinjiang. Goals. The article seeks to introduce the history and results of field expeditions to Xinjiang made during 41 years in order to record new songs of the Jangar epic. For the first time in the history of modern Mongolian studies, the paper describes the results of large-scale field works that have been carried out for four decades. During the first expedition in 1977 to Hoboksar, a University teacher Chojinjav managed to meet the prominent Oirat storyteller Yerempil and record six songs of the Jangar epic. In 1978, the expedition already consisted of three researchers and explored Bortala Mongol and Ili Kazakh autonomous prefectures. In those days, over 40 storytellers were identified and 60 songs of the epic were recorded. Each subsequent expedition brought its own results. One of the longest search expeditions took place in 1996, which lasted almost thirteen months and covered the Bortala Mongol, Ili Kazakh and Bayingolin autonomous prefectures, including Tarbagatai district. During that time, the University teacher D. Taya identified more than 40 storytellers and recorded 90 songs of the Jangar. Conclusion. Thus, for four decades, the University of Inner Mongolia was conducting systematic and systematic search works which gave tangible results — names of new talented storytellers-jangarchis were discovered, a huge layer of new and numerous versions of already known chapters of the Jangar were recorded but most importantly — scientific confirmation of the existence of a living epic tradition among the Oirats of Xinjiang was obtained.
Дисертації з теми "Scientific expeditions Australia History 19th century"
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Starbuck, Nicole. "Constructing the "perfect" voyage: Nicolas Baudin at Port Jackson, 1802." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/60141.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 1802, a French scientific expedition under the command of Nicolas Baudin made an uscheduled visit to the British colony at Port Jackson, New South Wales. It was a pivotal episode in the course of Baudin's Australian voyage. The commander had already fulfilled most of his instructions, though imperfectly, and only the north coast of New Holland remained unexamined. He and his men stayed at anchor in Port Jackson for over five months. When they set sail once more, they embarked on what historians agree was a new phase of the expedition. Baudin and his men did not proceed directly to the north coast, but returned to the southern and western coasts, where they perfected and augmented the work in geography and natural history that they had carried out earlier.
This thesis examines what occurred during the sojourn at Port Jackson, as well as the circumstances that led up to it, in order to determine in precise terms why and how this episode came to be a turning point in Baudin's voyage. It asks: was the second campaign just an extension of the first or was it an opportunity for Baudin to redefine the voyage? The Port Jackson sojourn thus serves as a site of interrogation regarding the nature of Nicolas Baudin's leadership and the construction, on British colonial territory, of a French scientific voyage.
However, the opportunity to gain real insight into the sojourn of the voyagers at Port Jackson has been limited by a perceived scarcity of resources. The fact that Baudin's journal falls silent here has meant that there is no one privileged source of information on the commander's role or on the day-to-day activities of the expeditioners, and that scholars examining this episode have tended to focus on the details of the larger picture rather than on the larger picture itself.
This is not to say that the presence of the Baudin expedition in Port Jackson has left no material traces. In fact, there is a diverse range of archival records – expense accounts, correspondence, inventories of specimens, journals kept by officers and savants and the logbooks of the Géographe – from which the day-to-day life of the commander and his men at Port Jackson can be reconstructed. Commencing with an analysis of the events that led up to the sojourn and influenced Baudin's approach to it, this study examines the relationships that Baudin built in the colony, his manner of command aboard the Géographe and the scientific results of the stay. After then analysing the way in which Baudin managed the sojourn and planned the second campaign, we conclude that Baudin did not simply seek to satisfy the expectations of his superiors but in fact he seized this opportunity to create the “perfect” scientific voyage.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2010
Книги з теми "Scientific expeditions Australia History 19th century"
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Sachs, Aaron. The Humboldt current: 19th century exploration and the sources of American environmentalism. New York: Viking, 2006.
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Pang, Alex. Empire and the Sun: Victorian Solar Eclipse Expeditions. Stanford University Press, 2002.
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Empire and the Sun: Victorian Solar Eclipse Expeditions (Writing Science). Stanford University Press, 2002.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Scientific expeditions Australia History 19th century"
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Altman, Cristina. "Colonialism, scientific expeditions and linguistics in 19th century Brazil." In Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 212–27. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.112.17alt.
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