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1
Stritikus, Tom, and Diem Nguyen. "Strategic Transformation: Cultural and Gender Identity Negotiation in First-Generation Vietnamese Youth." American Educational Research Journal 44, no. 4 (December 2007): 853–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0002831207308645.
Анотація:
This article explores the various ways in which recent Vietnamese immigrant students form cultural and gender identities as they transition to U.S. schooling. Using data from a 2-year qualitative study that tracked the social and academic adjustment processes of recent Vietnamese immigrant youth, this article examines the tensions that students struggle with as they bring their own values and practices into the school site. The findings suggest that gender functions as a complex social category for recent immigrants that shifts across social contexts. The authors argue that accounting for a full picture of gender identity more accurately captures the manner in which recent immigrant students adapt to U.S. schooling.
2
Rahma Hidayati, Beti Malia. "Efektifitas Pelatihan Self Management sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Self Regulated Learning Siswa Kelas VII MTs Sunan Ampel Pare." Journal An-Nafs: Kajian Penelitian Psikologi 3, no. 1 (June 6, 2018): 20–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33367/psi.v3i1.501.
Анотація:
This research aims to validate of self-management training as to improve self-regulate learning achievement for students of VII grade in MTs SA Pare. Self regulated learning is to access of schooling result achievement, to self-organizing in learning and managing ability of environment conducive schooling; Afterwards, Self management are a set of principles that accomodated of self-monitoring, self-reward, self-contracting, stimulus control for improving students skills in schooling by training. Model of this research is true experiments. For the population choosed from regularly class VII grades student of program; then for sample choosed by properly sampling that is for the students who have low self regulated learning category. It has explored 18 students divided into control group and experimental group by random. For data analysing technique using two ways ANOVA (Two way ANOVA) by using software SPSS version 20. Based on the analysis results, the class who already given and not given self-management training is significantly different, the average self-regulated learning of students who already trained are higher than students who are not trained
3
Fichman, Helenice Charchat, Conceição Santos Fernandes, Ricardo Nitrini, Roberto Alves Lourenço, Emylucy Martins de Paiva Paradela, Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart, and Paulo Caramelli. "Age and educational level effects on the performance of normal elderly on category verbal fluency tasks." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 3, no. 1 (March 2009): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642009dn30100010.
Анотація:
Abstract Cognitive decline, particularly executive dysfunction, is observed in normal aging. In Brazil, the elderly population presents broad educational diversity. Category verbal fluency tests are frequently used to detect cognitive impairment, assessing executive function, language and semantic memory. Objective: To investigate the effects of age and education on category animal fluency task (CAF) in healthy elderly. Methods: We evaluated 319 healthy elderly from outpatient care units of two university reference centers of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The sample was divided into two age, and five schooling subgroups. To be included participants had to demonstrate preservation of global cognitive functioning, independence for activities of daily living and not fulfill diagnostic criteria for dementia. All participants were submitted to neurological and neuropsychological evaluations. Results: There was a correlation between age and CAF performance (r= -0.26, p<0.01), which was not confirmed when years of education were included as a covariant in univariate ANCOVA. Significant differences were found in CAF performance among the different educational level groups on correlation analysis (r=0.42, p<0.01) and ANCOVA analysis (F=18.8, p<0.05). Illiteracy was associated with worst CAF performance, while university level was associated with best performance. Conclusion: The best CAF performance was found in the first years of schooling (literacy learning process) compared to illiteracy, and when finishing high school and starting university courses compared to all other educational levels. These stages are associated with significant gains in semantic memory and executive function which are critical for verbal fluency performance.
4
Lucena, Eudes Euler de Souza, Danielle Clarisse Barbosa Costa, Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira, and Kenio Costa Lima. "Occupation and factors associated with exposure to the sun among beach workers." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 19, no. 4 (April 2014): 1171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014194.00392013.
Анотація:
Subjects were selected from five urban beaches to characterize the type of work conducted on urban beaches in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and determine potential associated factors among workers exposed to the sun. Data collection was based on a validated questionnaire. Results were obtained for 362 workers. Individuals were predominantly male (72.6%) who worked under direct exposure to the sun (87.8%). Almost 95% had no more than 6 years of schooling and 87.91% earned an average monthly income of $318.75 dollars or more. Photoprotection was reported by 80.1%, among which sunscreen and caps/hats were predominant. Around 25% smoked and more than half did not consume alcohol. Male gender, no more than 6 years of schooling, daily exposure for up to 6 hours and use of photoprotection were the factors associated with the outdoor work category.
5
Ali, Karamat, and Rana Ejaz Ali Khan. "Simultaneous Decision Making of Child Schooling and Child Labour in Pakistani Urban Households." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2004.v9.i1.a6.
Анотація:
In recent years, there has been a rapidly expanding literature on child labour that provides empirical evidence on its nature and determinants. The previous literature on Pakistani child labour includes Khan (1982), Hussain (1985), Ahmed (1991), Khan and Ali (1991) and Weiner and Noman (1995), and recently Addision, et. al. (1997), Burki and Fasih (1998), Ray (2000a), Ray (2000b), Ray (2001) and Ali and Khan (2003). Some studies (see for instance Khan 1982; Ahmed 1991) discuss mainly the qualitative features of child labour. The recent literature has focused attention on the quantitative aspect, taking advantage of the increasing availability of good quality data on child labour. Within the empirical literature on child labour, there has been a shift in emphasis from more quantification to an econometric analysis of its determinants. As child labour is seen to result from the same variables influencing child schooling but in inverse, so school enrolment is strongly correlated with child labour. Child labour commitments are major reasons for children’s non-participation in school. So the literature has moved to incorporate child schooling and child labour and thus analyses schooling and child labour jointly (see for instance, Degraff et. al. 1993; Mahmood et. al. 1994). The present study is one of this category.
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Rosa, Humberto, Marcelo Zubaran Goldani, Thomas Scanlon, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva, Elsa Justo Giugliani, Marilyn Agranonik, and Andrew Tomkins. "Barriers for HIV testing during pregnancy in Southern Brazil." Revista de Saúde Pública 40, no. 2 (April 2006): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102006000200006.
Анотація:
OBJECTIVE: To assess HIV testing rate and determine risk factors for not have been tested during pregnancy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, from December 2000 to February 2001. Socioeconomic, maternal and healthcare variables were obtained by means of a standardized questionnaire. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained in logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 1,642 mothers were interviewed. Of them, 94.3% reported being offered HIV testing before or during pregnancy or during labor; 89 mothers (5.4%) were not tested or did not know if they were tested. Attending fewer than six prenatal visits, being single and younger than 18 years old were relevant barriers preventing HIV testing. There was found a relationship between maternal schooling and the category of prenatal care provider. Having low 22.20 (12.43-39.67) or high 3.38 (1.86-7.68). schooling and being cared in the private sector strongly reduced the likelihood of being HIV tested. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian Health Ministry's recommendation for universal counseling and HIV testing has been successfully implemented in the public sector. In order to improve HIV testing coverage, new strategies need to target women cared in the private sector especially those of low schooling.
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Udimal, Thomas Bilaliib, Zhiyuan Peng, and Niyontezeho Guillaume. "Farmland Lease Options in the Rural China: Key Determinants and Policy Implications." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 31, no. 2 (December 2021): 218–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10185291211065228.
Анотація:
The study looks at the factors that influence farmland transfer option in Yunnan province, China. To help achieve this objective, 6,007 households were randomly selected from rural communities. The sample includes households who are engaged in lease-out, lease-in, and those who engage in neither lease-out nor lease-in. The data was analysed using multinomial probit model. The results show that farmland certification and knowledge of land tenure policy have positive impact on both lease-in and lease-out decisions relative to the reference category. Farmland size and years of schooling show negative and positive impact on lease-in and lease-out decisions, respectively, relative to the reference category. The net income of the household and crop insurance have positive and negative effect on lease-in and lease-out decisions, respectively, relative to the base category. The results suggest that price per mu has a positive effect on the lease-out decision relative to the base category. The study broadens the scope of analysis on farmland transfer by considering all the options available to a household in farmland transfer decision taking.
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Erda, Gustriza, Radhiatul Khaira Usdika, Rizka Pitri, and Zulya Erda. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE K-MEDOIDS METHOD IN CLUSTERING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEXES IN INDONESIA." Parameter: Journal of Statistics 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/27765660.2023.v3.i2.16906.
Анотація:
The Human Development Index (HDI), which takes into account three fundamental aspects of human existence, a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a reasonable level of living, is one tool used to assess the effectiveness of human progress. Clustering provinces based on the human development index is important so that development disparities can be identified and help identify provinces with high, medium or low levels of development. The purpose of this study was to use the k-medoids approach to perform a cluster analysis of HDI in Indonesia based on life expectancy, average years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and expenditure per capita adjusted for 2022. The analysis indicate that two clusters were created: cluster 1 had a high human development index, while cluster 2 had a low human development index. More provinces belonged to cluster 1 than cluster 2 suggesting that human development index in Indonesia in 2022 was largely in the high category
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Fitrianingrum, Safira, and Budi Murtiyasa. "Private Student's Junior High School and Their Numeracy Literacy Competency." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 9 (September 25, 2023): 7645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i9.4640.
Анотація:
Numerical literacy is an important aspect of schooling. Students must be able to count, relate, and perform arithmetic. The purpose of this study is to know deeply the numeracy literacy competency of private student’s junior high school. The following findings are the result of research employing tests as a data collection instrument. There are two students in the high category, five in the medium group, and nineteen in the low category. Based on these findings, it is possible to conclude that children at the research school have poor literacy skills. Furthermore, it is envisaged that schools will seek alternate learning techniques capable of concretizing numeracy literacy principles. Numerical literacy is an important part of the world of education. Students are expected to understand and acquire the competency of numeracy.
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Maia, David de Alencar Correia, Luciane Zanin, Almenara de Souza Fonseca Silva, Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano, and Flávia Martão Flório. "Notification of cases of HIV/AIDS among the elderly in the state of Ceará: the historical sequence between 2005 and 2014." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 21, no. 5 (October 2018): 542–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562018021.180041.
Анотація:
Abstract Objective: to describe the historical sequence and characteristics of reported cases of HIV/AIDS among the elderly in the state of Ceará from 2005 to 2014. Method: a descriptive study was carried out, based on the Ministry of Health database, available in SINAN (Disease Cases Notification Information System) from January 2005 to December 2014. The variables studied were: gender, race, schooling, marital status and exposure category. Result: a total of 10,299 new cases were reported in the state, 1.5% (151) of which related to the elderly. The majority of those affected lived in Fortaleza (85.6%), were aged between 60 and 69 years (86.8%), were male (60.9%), brown (61.6%), had a level of schooling below unfinished elementary (42%), were heterosexual (85.4%) and had a marital status of married (29.3%). The proportion of male/female cases peaked in 2005 (5.5: 1) and declined thereafter reaching an average value of 0.8: 1 in the period between 2008 and 2011, then increased again, reaching 3.3: 1 in 2014. The highest coefficients were observed in the groups with lower schooling. Conclusion: according to the notifications during the period evaluated, AIDS among the elderly showed a tendency of growth among men, aged between 60 and 69 years old, who were heterosexual, less educated and married. This justifies the strengthening of specific strategies aimed at this population with the objective of tackling the disease.
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Young, Kathryn S. "I have a student who…" Narrative Inquiry 19, no. 2 (December 16, 2009): 356–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.19.2.08you.
Анотація:
This article investigates the use of co-constructed narrative strands to better understand the function of institutional narratives in teacher education. It uses data drawn from a large ethnographic study of talk in interaction in teacher education coursework. The analysis demonstrates how a series of similar small stories functions together to create a larger message about social categories in schooling. Narratives created by preservice teachers, through shared understanding of category systems like gender and disability, penetrate stories told in coursework and impact understandings of students in schools.
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Neves, Tatiana Reis Fabiano, Narahyana Bom de Araújo, Felipe de Oliveira Silva, José Vinícius Alves Ferreira, Thomas Rune Nielsen, Knut Engedal, Jerson Laks, and Andrea Camaz Deslandes. "Accuracy of the semantic fluency test to separate healthy old people from patients with Alzheimer’s disease in a low education population." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 69, no. 2 (June 2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000270.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the accuracy of two semantic categories of the verbal fluency test (supermarket and animal categories) to separate healthy elderly individuals and lower educated Alzheimer’s disease patients. Methods We evaluated 69 older adults with less than 5 years of schooling, consisting of 31 healthy elderly, and 38 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Semantic verbal fluency was evaluated using the animal and supermarket categories. Mann-Whitney U and Independent t Tests were used to compare the two groups, and the diagnostic accuracy of the tests was analyzed by sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio’s, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC). Results We found a significant difference between the healthy older and Alzheimer’s disease groups, in both, animal (p = 0.014) and supermarket verbal fluency (p < 0.001). The supermarket category showed better overall diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.840, 95% CI = 0.746-0.933; p < 0.001) compared to the animal category (AUC = 0.671, 95% CI = 0.543-0.800; p = 0.014). Conclusion The supermarket category of semantic verbal fluency provides better accuracy than the animal category for the identification of dementia in a Brazilian elderly population with low educational level.
13
Jha, Pushpam Kumar. "TEACHING AS CIVILISING MISSION: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC REFLECTION OF SCHOOLING IN RURAL BASTAR." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 10, no. 73 (September 1, 2022): 17667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v10i73.11669.
Анотація:
Since the creation of the administrative and epistemic category of savage in the late 19th century, the dichotomy of savage- civilised had been an intrinsic part of school education in Adivasi areas. Though, in contemporary academic discourse, the colonial construction of tribe is now considered as myth however, in actual teaching practices education as civilising mission is still constituting educational reality of Adivasi students. Drawing data from ethnographic fieldwork, conducted in rural Bastar, this paper attempt to explore the ongoing conflation between school education and civilising mission from the teacher’s perspective. The paper argues that relegation of teacher professional development in government school system under neoliberal regime draw limitation to visualise their role in broader framework of liberal education. As a result, with all good intension and commitment, they locate the Adivasi community and students in a dominant framework of savage and uncivilised and define school education as civilising mission.
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Fitzgerald, Scott, Susan McGrath-Champ, Meghan Stacey, Rachel Wilson, and Mihajla Gavin. "Intensification of teachers’ work under devolution: A ‘tsunami’ of paperwork." Journal of Industrial Relations 61, no. 5 (November 14, 2018): 613–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618801396.
Анотація:
Australian public school teachers work some of the longest weekly hours among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, particularly in the state of New South Wales where average hours are officially in, or near, the statistical category of ‘very long working hours’. These reports of a high workload have occurred alongside recent policy moves that seek to devolve responsibility for schooling, augmenting teacher and school-level accountability. This article explores changes in work demands experienced by New South Wales teachers. As part of a larger project on schools as workplaces, we examine teaching professionals’ views through interviews with teacher union representatives. Consistent with a model of work intensification, workload increases were almost universally reported, primarily in relation to ‘paperwork’ requirements. However, differences in the nature of intensification were evident when data were disaggregated according to socio-educational advantage, level of schooling (primary or secondary) and location. The distinct patterns of work intensification that emerge reflect each school’s relative advantage or disadvantage within the school marketplace, influenced by broader neoliberal reforms occurring within the state and nation.
15
Goldameir, Noor Ell, Anne Mudya Yolanda, Arisman Adnan, and Lusi Febrianti. "Classification of the Human Development Index in Indonesia Using the Bootstrap Aggregating Method." SinkrOn 6, no. 1 (October 10, 2021): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v6i1.11173.
Анотація:
Successful development of the quality of human life in a region is determined by the Human Development Index (HDI). Human development performance based on the HDI can be measured: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. The HDI is usually grouped into several categories to facilitate the classification of the HDI level of each region. This study aimed to determine the ability of the bootstrap aggregating (bagging) method to classify the HDI by district/city. Bagging is a stochastic machine learning approach that can eliminate the variance of the classifier by producing a bootstrap ensemble to obtain better accuracy results. The dependent variable in this study was the HDI by district/city in 2020. In contrast, life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and real expenditure per capita are adjusted as independent variables. Bagging was applied to the high and low categories of HDI data. The bagging method demonstrated good classification performance due to only eight classification errors, namely the HDI data which should be in the high category but classified into the low category by the bagging method. Based on the results of calculations with 25 replications, it can be concluded that the bagging method has a very good performance, with an accuracy value of 92.3%, the sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 83.33%. The bagging method is considered very good for the classifying the HDI by district/city in Indonesia in 2020 because it has a balanced accuracy of 91.67%.
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Rohmatillah, Wulida, and Nanik Kholifah. "Stress Akademik antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan Siswa School from Home." Jurnal Psikologi : Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Yudharta Pasuruan 8, no. 1 (March 21, 2021): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35891/jip.v8i1.2648.
Анотація:
The current spread of Covid-19 has forced the government to come up with a policy that forces students to study from home, which was eventually known as school from home. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the differences in academic stress between male and female students from home schooling. The research method used is quantitative research. The subjects in this study were students of Darut Taqwa High School, which consisted of 30 male students and 30 female students. Data was collected using the academic stress scale. Based on the calculation of the validity test, obtained 30 valid items from the stress scale with an academic reliability coefficient of 0.99. The data obtained showed that the level of academic stress of male students who were in the low category was 30% and the medium category was 70%. Meanwhile, female students have academic stress levels which are in the medium category of 36.6% and the high category of 73.4%. Based on the results of data analysis using the t-test between groups, the results were 2,632 with a t-table of 5%, which was 2,000. This means that the results of this study indicate that there are differences in academic stress between male and female students studying from home.
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Chatterjee, Somnath, and Arindam Laha. "Decision on Institutional Choice in the Healthcare Sector: Micro-empirical Evidences from West Bengal (India)." Journal of Health Management 21, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063418822214.
Анотація:
An attempt has been made in this article to shed some light on the decisions of patients on their institutional choice in accessing healthcare services within micro empirical framework in the state of West Bengal, India. The determinants of such decisions are also recognized in this article. In conscientious, statistical methods are anticipated to frame the socio-economic and decisional variables, that influence the decision. Principal component analysis and ordered probit analysis have been deployed to scrutinize the same. It is observed that the economic status of the patients, their level of schooling, their income and some other decision variables have a strong influence on their access of healthcare institutions. The study has projected that intra-category and inter-category competition among available alternative service providers needs to be introduced and social entrepreneurship model in state-owned hospitals can be pioneered with due considerations.
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Farinacci, Elisa, and Giacomo Manzoli. "Verso la media literacy: pratiche e prospettive." SOCIOLOGIA DELLA COMUNICAZIONE, no. 62 (December 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sc2021-062001.
Анотація:
The increasingly pervasive mediatization of our daily lives has led to pervasive media consumption and increased production and sharing of data and information. With the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, media education has been transformed into an all-encompassing category that was asked to fulfill the needs and expectations pertaining to other disciplines. This progressive extension of the area of expertise of media education requires to rethink its research focus, its intervention practices in educational environments, and its regulation at the State level in order to guarantee its full legitimacy and recognition both inside and outside the schooling system.
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Rodrigues, Aldina, Paula Catarino, Ana Paula Aires, and Helena Campos. "Conceptions of Students about Creativity and Mathematical Creativity: Two Cases Studies in Vocational Education." Proceedings 2, no. 21 (October 30, 2018): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2211357.
Анотація:
Given the diversity of meanings nowadays, creativity and mathematical creativity are difficult to define. However, it is crucial to do so, whether in society, in education or in mathematics education. Creativity is not valued as an integral part of the classroom context of mathematics or in Teacher practice, possibly due to the constant changes of Portuguese curricular. In this sense, it is necessary to promote the development of creativity as an integral part of the pedagogical practice of each teacher. The teacher’s role is fundamental to allow students opportunities to use the didactical resources, such as the mathematical tasks. In the 21st century, creativity and mathematical creativity have become important in Portuguese curricula through the implementation of the Students Profile in the end of compulsory schooling. This profile appeals to the development of creativity regarding of values, competences and guiding Principles, in order to mobilize schools and society for a better education. It is desirable that a young person, after leaving compulsory schooling, becomes a citizen capable of thinking critically, autonomously and creatively. Thus, in order to look for creative teaching approaches and strategies for the mathematical contents, it was decided to question students on the alluded concepts. This research took place in the academic year 2017/2018, with 14 participants aged between 15 and 21 years old (mean ages M = 17.36 and DP = 1.82) of two classes from one group of Portuguese state schools. The methodology was qualitative and interpretative, using a multiple case study design, one in a 10th grade class and another in a 12th. In data processing related to the analysis of the written documents, content analysis was used, and examples that represent each category were presented. The results achieved indicated, for these participants, that conceptions of creativity and mathematical creativity were not divergent in the two cases. In fact, the participants associated creativity with the category of Create something new and different and mathematical creativity with the category of Innovation.
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Puett, Chloe, Jere Behrman, Clint Pecenka, and Christopher Sudfeld. "The height premium: a literature review and meta-analysis." Gates Open Research 7 (October 18, 2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.14806.1.
Анотація:
The association between adult height and labor-market wages, or the “height premium” (HP), is an important input for quantifying potential economic benefits of nutritional interventions promoting growth. A large economics literature has evaluated this association; however, HP estimates differ greatly depending on the study populations and statistical methodologies used. We conducted a meta-analysis of HP estimates to describe the differences in estimates with different statistical methodologies and to examine potential effect modification of the HP by sex and country income category. We performed meta-analyses for studies using instrumental variables (IV) and ordinary least squares (OLS) methods, separately. OLS estimates were separated into those that were “low-adjusted” for confounding variables and “high-adjusted” for at least one common mediator variable, specifically cognition or schooling. Overall, in a total of 12 studies, the pooled estimates for IV studies indicated that each centimeter increase in height was associated with 3.58% greater wages (95% CI: 1.62-5.54%; I2=97.5%, p<0.001)). In the 24 total OLS studies, low-adjusted estimates indicated an HP of 1.06% (95% CI: 0.85-1.28%, I2=95.5%, p<0.001), while for high-adjusted estimates the HP was only 0.57% (95% CI: 0.41-0.73%, I2=95.8%, p<0.001). Further, the meta-analysis found evidence of effect modification by sex in OLS estimates but not IV, and for both IV and OLS for country income category. Overall, the literature suggests a robust association between adult height and wages; however, the magnitude of the estimate appears to be dependent on statistical methods and covariates selected for multivariable models. Our findings also suggest there may be differences by sex and country income category. Additional analyses are needed taking into account a causal inference framework and, if adult height is being used to capture the cumulative effect on wages of nutritional exposures from conception through adulthood, studies should not adjust for potential mediators including cognition and schooling.
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Jacinto, Alessandro Ferrari, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki, Claudia Sellitto Porto, Milton de Arruda Martins, Vanessa de Albuquerque Citero, and Ricardo Nitrini. "Suggested instruments for General Practitioners in countries with low schooling to screen for cognitive impairment in the elderly." International Psychogeriatrics 26, no. 7 (March 21, 2014): 1121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214000325.
Анотація:
ABSTRACTBackground:General Practitioners (GPs) from underdeveloped countries apply cognitive impairment (CI) assessment tools translated and adapted to cultural setting from other idioms, mainly English. As schooling in elderly from underdeveloped countries tends to be relatively heterogeneous, it is necessary to establish normative and cut-off scores for these CI instruments that are based on studies conducted locally. Some CI screening instruments frequently used by Brazilian specialists in dementia were analyzed to determine which could be most useful to GPs in their working sets.Method:Two hundred forty-eight patients aged 65 years or older that had been assisted by GPs in a tertiary hospital in Brazil were evaluated. Based on the MMSE and/or Short-IQCODE scores, 52 probable cases were identified on the basis of clinical data, performances on the neuropsychological tests and questionnaires (Functional Assessment Questionnaire/FAQ, Category Verbal Fluency/CVF, Clock Drawing Test/CDT) and blood tests and brain CT.Results:The combination of a functional questionnaire with a cognitive instrument had higher sensitivity and specificity than using the instruments alone. A FAQ cut-off of 3 in conjunction with a CDT cut-off of 6 proved optimal (93% sensitivity and 92.5% specificity). A higher specificity (93.5%) was attained using a combination of the FAQ (cut-off of 3) with the CVF (cut-off of 10).Conclusions:For low schooling elderly, the combination of the FAQ and CVF represented a very simple method of increasing the chances of correct screening. For those with higher schooling, the combination of the FAQ and CDT was more suitable.
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Artika, Ida Bagus Eka, Ida Ayu Ketut Marini, and Irianto Irianto. "Pengaruh Beberapa Faktor Strategis terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Periode 2015-2021." Valid: Jurnal Ilmiah 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53512/valid.v19i2.222.
Анотація:
The human development index as an indicator in measuring of the development of a country or a region reflects the improvement in the quality of human resources that must be achieved as a goal of sustainable development proclaimed by the United Nations Development Program. West Nusa Tenggara Province as one of the provinces in Indonesia with a human development index which is in the medium level category in 2021 (68,65), is still below the average national human development index (71,94, 2020 ). This is a research with documentation data collection method, aims to determine the effect of strategic variables that are components in measuring the human development index, namely poverty level, dependency ratio, average length of schooling and life expectancy of the population, during the period 2015 – 2021. The result show that the poverty rate and population dependency ratio have a negative effect on the human development index while the average length of schooling and life expectancy show a positive effect. The provincial government of West Nusa Tenggara, is expected to accelerate development programs, especially those strategic variables used to increase the achievement of the human development index.
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Backer, David I. "The Politics of Recitation: Ideology, Interpellation, and Hegemony." Harvard Educational Review 87, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-87.3.357.
Анотація:
In this article, David I. Backer introduces the politics of recitation as a third realm for research on recitation pedagogy, in addition to process and product. Recitation is the pattern of classroom talk where a teacher asks a question, a student responds to the question, and the teacher evaluates the response. Research on classroom talk shows that this pattern is the dominant script in classrooms in the United States. Revisiting debates among critical theorists of schooling, particularly around the concept of hegemony, Backer argues that the politics of recitation is best understood in terms of interpellation, the concrete occurrence of ideological reproduction. He also maintains that recitation does not interpellate students into a particular category but instead teaches students to become interpellatable to any social category, independent of historical context. The article opens new possibilities for research into the connection between recitation and ideology and describes what liberatory pedagogy can look like.
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Brännström, Malin. "From subjects of knowledge to subjects of integration? Newly arrived students with limited schooling in Swedish education policy." Power and Education 13, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757743820986835.
Анотація:
The education of newly arrived students is a debated global policy issue. Less attention has been paid to the sub-group of students with limited experience of schooling, referred to here as ‘newly arrived students with limited schooling’ (NALS). This article explores Swedish policy frameworks that inform the education of newly arrived students, comparing policy approaches from two time periods (1983–1996 and 2013–2016) during which the numbers of NALS were said to be increasing in Swedish compulsory schools. Framed within a poststructural approach to policy analysis and Foucault’s theorisation of heterotopian spaces, the analysis explores policies’ representation of separate teaching groups for newly arrived students, with a particular focus on what these spaces have to offer NALS. The findings indicate a shift between the two periods: from a focus on knowledge acquisition in policies of the 1980s and 1990s towards an emphasis on integration in those of the 2010s. This shift is particularly evident in relation to NALS, whose educational needs are discussed only to a limited extent in relation to subject knowledge in the 2010s policies. It is argued that this serves to homogenise the educational needs of the category newly arrived, thereby potentially obscuring the conception of NALS.
25
Navarro-Ibarra, Lizzeth, Omar Cuevas-Salazar, and Alan Robles-Aguilar. "Knowledge gaps in education and ICT: A literature review in open access publications." Contemporary Educational Technology 15, no. 4 (October 10, 2023): ep480. http://dx.doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13770.
Анотація:
The aim of the present study is to find new emerging lines of research in education with the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). To this end, we carried out a meta-analysis selecting an index, which contained scientific articles, and which provided free access to complete documents. The search covered five years, 2017-2021 in which 748 were identified. For the analysis the articles were read in order to identify information and record it. Previously, categories were established such as the date, country, continent, language, level of schooling or demographics of the population of publication and the kind of study and area of research. With respect to the demographics we identified that the aged were the category, which had been studied the least. With reference to years of schooling, pre-school and graduate levels had the fewest articles. That said, we found that the majority of the articles were aimed at education and technology in general. However, it is important to point out that the areas with limited research such as autism, rural area, inclusive education, disabilities, cyberbullying, Indigenous affairs, social exclusion, and down syndrome. These findings show the emerging lines of research to which studies should be expanded with further knowledge.
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Fahmiyah, Indah, and Ratih Ardiati Ningrum. "Human Development Clustering in Indonesia: Using K-Means Method and Based on Human Development Index Categories." Journal of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jatm.v2i1.45070.
Анотація:
The quality of life for Indonesia's population can be measured from the human development index in each province. People who have a good quality of life indicate a prosperous life. The government has the responsibility to advance the welfare of the nation under the mandate of the constitution. The clustering of the human development index (HDI) in Indonesia is used to determine the distribution of quality of life or the distribution of social welfare. In this study, the K-Means method, which is a popular non-hierarchical clustering method, is used to classify human development in each province based on HDI indicators, namely Expected Years of Schooling, Mean Years of Schooling, Adjusted Per Capita Expenditure, and Life Expectancy at Birth. Provinces in Indonesia are clustered into 4 clusters. These results were also compared with the clustering based on HDI categories determined by Statistics Indonesia based on certain cut-off values. According to the HDI category, provinces in Indonesia fall into the medium, high, and very high categories. The results of the two groupings show that there is a trend toward appropriate characteristics for each group. Thus, K-Means can classify provinces in Indonesia according to the characteristics of the HDI indicators.
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Lin, Ming-Ching, and Yu-Chun Chih. "Application of the Semantic Fluency Test in the Screening of Mandarin-Chinese-Speaking Older Adults with Mild Dementia of the Alzheimer Type." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 8 (July 30, 2023): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13080635.
Анотація:
Semantic fluency tests have been widely used as a screening test for dementia of Alzheimer type. However, few studies have explored the application of semantic fluency tests in Mandarin Chinese speakers. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using different semantic fluency test categories to distinguish between older adults without cognitive impairments and those with dementia of Alzheimer type in Taiwan. A total of 58 healthy older adults and 54 individuals with dementia of Alzheimer type were recruited. Semantic categories of “animals”, “fruits”, “vegetables”, “birds”, “means of transportations” and “musical instruments” were administered to participants. The scores from two groups of participants for each category were analyzed. Significant differences in the test scores of each category between two groups of participants were found. The results also revealed that the variables related to whether the participant had dementia, gender, age, and years of schooling significantly influenced the semantic fluency scores for each category. Among all the demographic characteristic of participants, the diagnosis of dementia was the most determining factor. Furthermore, this study proposed optimal cutoff points and calculated the AUC for various test durations (i.e., 30 s, 45 s and 60 s) and semantic categories in the semantic fluency test, which may serve as a reference that would help clinical personnel distinguish between older adults without cognitive impairments and those with dementia of Alzheimer type in Taiwan.
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Selvaraj, Nitya, Anugraha Sekar, Ramya Gandhi, Nalinidevi Jayabalan, Suganya Ganesan, and Meher Ali Raja Mohammad. "Drug utilization pattern in pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry: a cross sectional observational study." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 5 (April 23, 2018): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20181632.
Анотація:
Background: Drug utilization pattern in pregnancy population provide insights regarding drug profile and interventional measures and also minimizes the inherent risk occurring due to unethical prescription.Methods: It was a prospective cross sectional study where prescription slips were collected. Further drugs were categorized according to the classification defined by US Food and drug Administration for pregnancy. Using Pre validated questionnaire the pregnant women were interviewed and parameters regarding knowledge about antenatal visit and contraception, self-medication practices were noted.Results: Among the total 365 participants, 81.4% had finish their high schooling and were in reproductive age group of 22-25. Study revealed predominant usage category- A drugs in I (95.5%), II (97.8%), III (96.4%) trimester. None of them received Category D or X drugs. Almost 100% and 98.6% in III and II trimester respectively received iron. Other drugs prescribed were calcium, anti-emetics, anti-ulcer, NSAIDS and antimicrobial. The awareness about Intra Uterine Contraceptive Devices and Oral Contraceptive Pills were 48.2% and 31.5% respectively. Unfortunately only 4.9% felt that drug use could be dangerous to foetus. 58.9% were aware about antenatal examination during pregnancy.Conclusions: Evaluation of drug utilization pattern periodically will minimize incidence of risk to foetus and mother during pregnancy.
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Busatto, Caroline, Carla Adriane Jarczewski, Renata Maria Dotta, Karine Zenatti Ely, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva, Ivy Bastos Ramis, and Lia Gonçalves Possuelo. "Completeness of tuberculosis information system data from prisoners in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 27, no. 12 (December 2022): 4461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320222712.10162022en.
Анотація:
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has a high incidence in several countries and is even more severe in prisoners. We evaluated the completeness of prisoners TB notifications in the Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) carried out by prison primary care teams (eAPP) or by other health facilities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This descriptive cross-sectional study used prisoners data notifications in the SINAN TB by the eAPP or other health facilities from January 2014 to November 2018. We analyzed the percentage of completeness of the variables: gender, ethnicity, schooling, HIV, entry type, sputum smear, sputum culture, AIDS, ART during TB treatment, directly observed treatment (DOT), sixth-month smear, and closure status. Around 52.9% of TB cases in prisoners were reported by eAPP, and other health facilities reported 47.1% of the cases. Eighty percent of the variables were classified in category 4 (75.1% to 100% completeness). However, the DOT and sixth-month smear variables were classified into category 3 (50.1% and 75% completeness). While it does not compromise the notification of TB in the SINAN, the lack of data can impair the quality of information about the disease.
30
Putri, Adhelya, and Alfiasari. "FATHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF EDUCATION, CHILDREN'S EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, CHILD-PARENT COMMUNICATION, AND ADOLESCENTS' SCHOOL CONTINUATION MOTIVATION IN FAMILIES OF CIRCULAR MIGRANT WORKERS." Journal of Child, Family, and Consumer Studies 2, no. 3 (October 31, 2023): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jcfcs.2.3.190-199.
Анотація:
Children who come from families of circular migrant workers with separated parents and children have their own challenges in order to continue to be motivated to continue their education. This study aims to analyze the influence of father's perception of children's education, provision of educational facilities, and child-parent communication on adolescents' motivation to continue school in families of circular migrant workers. This research is a quantitative study with a non-probability sampling method through snowball sampling technique. The number of participants in this study were 40 children and 40 fathers. The results showed that the higher the father's last education, the more motivation for children to continue their education. Meanwhile, the greater the number of children can reduce the motivation to continue education. Other results showed that fathers' perceptions were in the moderate category. Provision of children's education facilities and child-mother communication have a significant positive relationship and effect on increasing motivation to continue schooling. Motivation to continue school in both dimensions is in the low category, namely intrinsic motivation (40%) and extrinsic motivation (70%). Future research is expected to examine perceptions of children's education through the perspective of migrant worker family mothers.
31
Ghanem, Elie, and Maria Socorro Torquato. "Teachers’ Ideas on Education: Approaches to Teachers’ Resistance to Reforms." Comunicações 25, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.15600/2238-121x/comunicacoes.v25n2p167-184.
Анотація:
This text summarizes the arguments guiding a research on the ideas of teachers from São Paulo, Brazil, regarding school education. The research concluded that the teachers’ ideas are rooted on a classical, humanist, scientific-based schooling model, and that teachers resist practices that oppose this model. The text presents the grounds for the research’s hypothesis: that, whenever there is dissonance between the ideas about education held by those who foster educational reforms and the ideas of teachers, the latter present some form of resistance. Teachers’ ideas stem from the socialization of members of this professional category, especially during the period of their basic education. The hypothesis contradicts the common statement of an important portion of the literature on the subject of teacher resistance, according to which that resistance is due to poor teacher training.
32
Yreck, Stephan. "Harnessing the Power of Smart Devices for On-the-Go Education." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Educational Study 4, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamres.v4i4.478.
Анотація:
This take a look at explores the dynamics of on-the-go education facilitated by means of smart devices, specializing in participant demographics, clever device utilization patterns, alternatives for academic apps, and perceptions of advantages and challenges. A numerous sample of 300 participants spanning diverse instructional ranges and genders engaged in a quantitative survey. Descriptive information discovered that clever gadgets are regularly used for training, with E-Books being the most favored app category. Participants recounted the advantages of flexibility and accessibility, but highlighted restrained peer interplay as a challenge. These findings underscore the need for innovative approaches to decorate collaboration in on-the-pass schooling. The have a look at's implications inform educators, designers, and technologists in adapting practices for the evolving needs of modern inexperienced persons.
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Nogueira, Danielle, Eduardo Faerstein, Inês Rugani, Dora Chor, Claudia S. Lopes, and Guilherme L. Werneck. "Does leisure-time physical activity in early adulthood predict later physical activity? Pro-Saude Study." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 12, no. 1 (March 2009): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-790x2009000100001.
Анотація:
INTRODUCTION: Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) is a health behavior that is considered relatively stable over the course of life; this life-long habit seems to be shaped during youth and early adulthood. LTPA is one of the few healthy behaviors more prevalent among men than among women. METHODS:Data from 3,199 participants of the Pro-Saude Study were analyzed - a cohort of employees of a university in Rio de Janeiro, collected with a self-reported multidimensional questionnaire. The association between LTPA in early adulthood and later was investigated using multinomial logistic regression, with estimated odds ratios (OR), considering three outcome categories: inactive, insufficiently active, and active. Past LTPA was grouped into three categories: never/rarely (reference category), sometimes and frequently/always. Estimates were adjusted for: age; participants' schooling, their father's and mother's schooling, and color/race. RESULTS:Analysis shows men who engaged in LTPA sometimes and almost always/always in early adulthood had an OR= 1.42 (95% CI: 0.70-2.89) and OR= 3.33 (95% CI: 1.82-6.10), respectively, of being physically active in later adulthood than those who did not engage in LTPA. Among women, the corresponding odds ratios were lower: OR = 1.19 (95% CI: 0.79-1.79) and OR =1.42 (95% CI: 1.00-2.04). CONCLUSION:LTPA during early adulthood is associated with physical activity later in adulthood, and this association is stronger in men than in women. Public policies that encourage LTPA among youth, with specific efforts directed at women, could increase the proportion of physically active adults.
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Wagner, Katia Jakovljevic Pudla, Antonio Fernando Boing, Francieli Cembranel, Alexandra Crispim da Silva Boing, and S. V. Subramanian. "Change in the distribution of body mass index in Brazil: analysing the interindividual inequality between 1974 and 2013." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 73, no. 6 (February 19, 2019): 544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211664.
Анотація:
BackgroundBrazil is among the 10 countries with the highest prevalence of overweight in the world. The aim was to analyse the changes in the dispersion of body mass index (BMI) in the Brazilian population from the 1970s to 2013 in specific population groups.MethodsData were extracted from five national household surveys between 1974–1975 and 2013, including adults aged 20 to 64. We calculated SD, median, fifth and 95th percentiles of BMI for each sociodemographic category (sex, age, schooling) and survey year in order to explore whether changes in mean BMI are followed by changes in dispersion.ResultsDuring the period the mean BMI ranged from 22.7 kg/m2 to 26.6 kg/m2, with a much higher variation in the 95th percentile (+6.1 kg/m2) when compared with the fifth percentile (+1.8 kg/m2). The within-group differences increased over time. The SD increased in all categories analysed and was higher among women, lower schooling groups and the oldest group. An increase of 1.0 kg/m2 in the BMI mean was associated with an increase of 0.32 kg/m2 in the SD, 0.45 kg/m2 in the fifth percentile and 1.50 kg/m2 in the 95th percentile of BMI.ConclusionsPopulation changes occurred in BMI are more complex than the simple increase of its average. Concomitant to the increase in BMI, there was an increase in the within-group differences, showing that growing inequalities are not driven solely by sociodemographic factors.
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Carolina Hecht, Ana. "An analysis of intercultural bilingual education in Argentina." Journal for Multicultural Education 8, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-12-2013-0036.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to assess the state of affairs of intercultural bilingual education (IBE) policies in Argentina. IBE encompasses educational proposals designed to address the specific needs of ethnolinguistic minorities. Design/methodology/approach – The article is divided into three parts and methodologically analyzes different types of materials (national legislation, bibliography and personal research experiences). Findings – In the first section, the educational policies on cultural and linguistic diversity are contextualized historically. Later, IBE is defined considering five main characteristics (the neoliberal compensatory education policy, educational decentralization/regionalization, the educational category of the system, linguistic goals and teacher profiles). Finally, the conclusions list the challenges, goals that have yet to be achieved and the future perspectives of this educational policy. Originality/value – This article contributes to the field of studies on diversity in the schooling of ethnically different groups.
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Abramov, Dmitrii, and Oleg Danilov. "Fragment of a Writing Slate with Graffi to Found During Excavations in Vladimir." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 6 (December 15, 2023): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp236125132.
Анотація:
Archaeologists often find children’s things in the cultural layer of the cities in Vladimir-Suzdal land. They are usually represented by toys or everyday items. School supplies are more rare archaeological artifacts. The fragment of a writing slate discovered in Vladimir belongs to this group of artifacts. It preserves a segment of a written exercise on its surface. The child who wrote it was learning the Church Slavonic grammar. It belongs to the category of texts that are not intended to be saved. A combination of circumstances fixed it in time. The inscription consists of only two lines. However, it provides an interesting information about both the spelling of the texts and the educational technologies used in home primary schooling for children of the middle urban estates of Vladimir in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
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Delale-O'Connor, Lori. "Choosers, Obstructed Choosers, and Nonchoosers: A Framework for Defaulting in Schooling Choices." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120, no. 4 (April 2018): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811812000402.
Анотація:
Background/Context Prior research overlooks the importance of drawing distinctions within the category of defaulters or “nonchoosers” in schooling choices. Defaulters are both a theoretically and empirically interesting population, and understanding the processes by which families come to or are assigned the default school offers insight into the micromechanisms contributing to the reproduction of inequality through education. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study In this study, I use in-depth interview data to understand defaulting and propose a basic framework that gets beyond a chooser/nonchooser dichotomy. The purpose of this work is to help researchers and school district officials to identify areas of school choice systems that are incompatible with would-be choosers. This study further offers a useful framework for thinking about defaulters and their role in the school choice process. Population/Participants/Subjects This study draws from survey and interview data from 28 low-income to working-class African American parents in the Chicago Public Schools whose children were at a choice juncture (the transition from eighth grade to high school). Data Collection and Analysis This study utilizes survey and in-depth qualitative interviews. Surveys and interviews were conducted in person and lasted from 30 minutes to 2 hours each. Parent respondents filled out a survey that included demographic information, family and child activities, community connectedness, and basic activity around choosing a high school and then answered open-ended questions about their specific choice activities, their ideas about education, and their information networks. I employed inductive coding to analyze the interview data. Findings/Results In this study, I find that families who arrived at the default outcome did so in ways that followed patterns similar to those found in studies of choosers. Families’ inclination to choose, capacity for choice, and school preferences, as well external barriers, compose a framework that helps to explain how some parents labeled as “nonchoosers” or defaulters in other studies are actually actively engaging in the choice process and, further, how the choice process itself can lead those who perceive themselves as choosers to be classified by researchers as nonchoosers or defaulters. Conclusions/Recommendations The defaulter framework provides insight into the barriers that some families face to active choosing and, as such, suggests potential micro- and macro-level interventions to meet the needs of a variety of potential types of participants in choice systems.
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Aguiar, Breno Souza de, Cassia Maria Buchalla, and Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto. "How many AIDS epidemics can occur in São Paulo city?" Revista de Saúde Pública 52 (May 22, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000006.
Анотація:
OBJECTIVE: An ecological study describring the spatial characteristics of AIDS in São Paulo city between 2001 and 2010 according to the place of residence of reported cases in adults. METHODS: The AIDS reported cases (28,146), grouped by sex, were geocodified (25,969) and linked with a census tract database (18,953). Case and population at risk data supplied spatial cluster identification and relative risk estimate by the scan method, using the discrete Poisson model. Incidence rate and proportional distribution allowed comparing people living in the high-risk clusters areas to other locations by age, race/ethnicity, schooling and transmission category. RESULTS: The AIDS incidence rate decreased in both sexes except among young men and older people. The identification of spatial high-risk clusters showed that the decrease of AIDS did not occur in the same way in the city. Clusters located in the central area presented the highest AIDS incidence rates (245.7/100,000 men), especially among black women (RR = 7.9), men who have sex with men (66.2%) and injection drug users (10.7%) participation. In peripheral clusters, identified only in the female population, the epidemic can be related to the poverty of these women (22.5% low education level). Residents in the north and central-south areas of the city are generally black, with little schooling, and predominantly heterosexually infected. CONCLUSIONS: The study of spatial clusters using a census tract helps to determine epidemiological patterns inside the city and in specific populations. Spatial stratification and key population epidemiological patterns were identified in four regions in São Paulo city
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Sætra, Emil, and Janicke Heldal Stray. "Hva slags medborger?" Nordic Journal of Comparative and International Education (NJCIE) 3, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/njcie.2441.
Анотація:
In this article, we explore teachers’ ideas about teaching for democratic citizenship. In short, we want to understand “what kind of citizen” teachers aim to educate. We ground our study in three ideal types that represent different ways of understanding what education for democratic citizenship education revolves around: politically informed citizenship (politisk informert medborgerskap), rational autonomous citizenship (rasjonelt autonomt medborgerskap), and socially intelligent citizenship (sosialt intelligent medborgerskap). A first finding is that teacher emphasize that students should acquire knowledge that they can make use of as democratic citizens. Teachers are preoccupied with making students politically informed. A second finding is, however, that teachers understand democratic citizenship education as something more than just knowledge acquisition. One purpose that holds high priority with the teachers is that students should learn how to think critically; to become rationally autonomous. The pedagogical implication of this view is that students should acquire knowledge, skills, and attitudes that helps realize this ambition. This interpretation of what democratic citizenship is moves beyond being able to make an informed choice between different alternatives or representatives. In the last part of the article education for democratic citizenship is discussed in light of the third category; the socially intelligent citizen. We find that while teachers put much emphasis on knowledge and critical thinking, there is little emphasis on participation in democratic practices. We thus conclude that teachers talk about schooling as a tool for democracy much more than they talk about democracy as an ideal or model for schooling.
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Gonzales, Roberto G., and Stephen P. Ruszczyk. "The Legal Status Divide among the Children of Immigrants." Daedalus 150, no. 2 (2021): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01851.
Анотація:
Abstract Over the past thirty-five years, federal immigration policy has brightened the boundaries of the category of undocumented status. For undocumented young people who move into adulthood, the predominance of immigration status to their everyday experiences and social position has been amplified. This process of trying to continue schooling, find work, and participate in public life has become synonymous with a process of learning to be “illegal.” This essay argues that despite known variations in undocumented youths by race, place, and educational history, undocumented status has become what Everett Hughes called a “master status.” The uniform set of immigration status-based exclusions overwhelms the impact of other statuses to create a socially significant divide. The rise, fall, and survival of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, a policy offering qualified youths a temporary semilegal status, have underlined how closely access and rights hew to the contours of contemporary immigration policy.
41
Rajendra, Advaita, and Ankur Sarin. "Residential Education for Disadvantaged Girls: An Alternate Field?" Indian Journal of Gender Studies 28, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 188–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521521997962.
Анотація:
In this article, we engage with the experiences of students in a government-run residential secondary school that enrols girls primarily from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds. Through an exploration of the history of the programme, secondary evaluations conducted over the years and a month-long engagement with one such residential school, we probe how the categories of disadvantage—caste and gender— continue to operate, even as the state tries to obliterate them in this space. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theorization of ‘practices’, we describe daily informal interactions in the space, highlighting their role in reinforcing and sometimes challenging extant social differences. Drawing attention to the diversity that lies even within the formal category of ‘disadvantaged’, we describe the potential and the limitations of targeted residential schooling. Our work points to the need for greater sensitivity in the planning and implementation of state-run programmes targeted at the most marginalized and a re-imagination of efforts to offer an ‘alternate field’.
42
Shepherd, Gary, and Gordon Shepherd. "Grassroots Prophecy in the Family International." Nova Religio 10, no. 4 (May 1, 2007): 38–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2007.10.4.38.
Анотація:
This paper describes the way in which ordinary members of The Family International have created a unique "culture of prophecy" in their communal homes that results in routine, daily "channeling" of spiritual messages for both individual and group guidance. Data were collected through field observations, survey questionnaires, and direct interviews in twenty-two different homes in sixteen different countries. Variations in individual prophetic ability and practice are shown to be correlated with variations in language skills, gender, leadership experience, and age of home members. In general, the member category most likely to rate higher on prophetic ability can be described as younger Family leaders, regardless of gender, who possess good language skills. These results reflect The Family's successful socialization and home schooling practices, as well as effective implementation of policies that empower females and young people. Specific steps in the formulation of home or team prophecies are also identified and described and the social implications of "democratizing" prophecy are discussed.
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Dinda, Dinda Widi Artanti. "Women's Participation in Family Economic Improvement through Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Banana Peel Crackers." Journal of Sumatera Sociological Indicators 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jssi.v2i1.11839.
Анотація:
economy through Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM). The research method used a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, literature study, and analysis. The results of the study explain that the role of women has shifted and expanded not only in the reproductive sector but also in the productive, social, and other sectors. Women are involved in all economic activities in households, in which they have a role to contribute to MSMEs. Women who work in UMKM, such as Banana Peel Crackers, can help fulfill their family's economy by increasing family income, meeting family needs, covering children's schooling costs, and saving for other important needs. This participation opens employment opportunities, boosts the economy, and really helps women. Women's participation is one of the drivers for village development by reducing the percentage of the poverty rate. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) such as Banana Peel Crackers are included in the category of micro businesses with small capital but significant profits
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Almeida, Ana Caroline, Magda Dezotti, and Maria do Socorro Alencar Nunes Macedo. "Alfabetização e Educação Literária: Contrastando Duas Formas de Mediação de Livros Literários na Escola." Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 22, no. 4 (December 6, 2021): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2021v22n4p574-581.
Анотація:
Resumo O foco deste texto, recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre alfabetização de crianças, é a educação literária no contexto escolar. O objetivo é abordar como duas docentes, colaboradoras da pesquisa e atuantes em uma turma de 2º ano da Rede Municipal de Recife, conduziram as mediações durante a leitura de livros literários, além de evidenciar e compreender as diferenças e semelhanças nessas mediações, revelando o processo de escolarização da literatura. Metodologicamente, trabalham-se com técnicas e ferramentas etnográficas, incluindo a observação participante e entrevistas; a categoria de análise central é o evento. Argumenta-se que as interações com o livro literário, mediadas por professores, precisam ocupar um lugar de destaque nos processos de alfabetização. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, nessa turma, esses ocuparam esse lugar, mas também apontam contrastes entre as formas de mediação do texto literário, que podem resultar em aprendizagens também diferentes para as crianças; além disso, deixam claro o processo inevitável de escolarização da literatura, com as marcas da cultura escolar, próprias do trabalho pedagógico com a alfabetização. Palavras-chave: Leitura. Literatura na escola. Etnografia. AbstractThe focus of this text, part of a broader research on children's literacy, is literary education in the school context. The objective is to address how two teachers, research collaborators and working in a 2nd year class, from the Municipal Network of Recife, conducted mediations while reading literary books, in addition to highlighting and understanding the differences and similarities in these mediations, revealing the literature schooling process. Methodologically, it is worked with ethnographic techniques and tools, including participant observation and interviews; the central analysis category of this study is the event. It is argued that interactions with the literary book, mediated by teachers, need to occupy a prominent place in literacy processes. The results obtained indicate that, in this class, they occupied this place, but also point out contrasts among the forms of the literary text mediation, which can result in different learning for children; in addition, they make clear the inevitable schooling literature process, with the marks of school culture, typical of pedagogical work with literacy. Keywords: Reading. School Literature. Ethnography.
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Hendrawan, Muhammad Rosyihan, Fatich Idamatul Machsunin, and Eric Budi Maulana. "INDEKS MINAT BACA MASYARAKAT; STUDI KASUS DI KOTA KEDIRI, JAWA TIMUR." BIBLIOTIKA : Jurnal Kajian Perpustakaan dan Informasi 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um008v6i22022p222-239.
Анотація:
To improve the literacy rate of the population, the government, through the Ministry of Education and Culture, has initiated the National Literacy Movement (GLN) program since 2016, consisting of the School Literacy Movement (GLS), Family Literacy Movement, and Community Literacy Movement. motion exists. The National Literacy Movement has encouraged the growth of a reading culture. The purpose of habituation is to increase interest in reading and improve reading skills so that knowledge can be acquired better. The researchers chose Kediri city in East Java. Kediri City is a service city, a city with a thriving trade and service industry. The purpose of this study is to determine how to develop a test of variables and indicators that represent reading habits and suitable indicators for measuring levels of reading habits. Reading habits in Kediri city. East Java. According to the findings, the Kediri City Reading Interest Index is in the top category with 79.7, the score he is composed of four index dimensions. Each index value mentioned for the city of Kediri is a skill dimension index of 93.9. An Access Dimension Index of 65.3 belongs to the high category. 90.3 Very High Categorical Alternate Dimension Index. The cultural dimension index is 69.2, which is in the high category. The nine years of obligatory schooling are a great contribution to Kediri Municipality's efforts to increase community literacy, and electronic reading material for smartphones and computers (laptops, PCs, tablets, and/or tablets) that supports Latin letter reading and writing is also available. According to the aforementioned statistics, there is truly very great potential for local communities to independently provide print reading and Internet networks, as well as the use of computer devices that bridged the majority of the access to multiple reading sources. Therefore, we must concentrate on promoting more streamlined, secure, and dependable access.
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Akter, S., MA Miah, MZ Rhaman, MS Hossen, and MA Baten. "Farmers Perception of Environmental Degradation Due to Use of Pesticides." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 6, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i2.22079.
Анотація:
The study was conducted mainly to have an understanding about the farmers perception of environmental degradation due to use of pesticides. Data for the study were collected by personal interviewing from 69 randomly selected farmers of Kabaria kanda village of sadar upazila of Mymensingh district during the period of 01 November to 15 November, 2012. Pearsons product moment correlation co-efficient were computed to examine the relationship between the concerned variables. Perception on environmental degradation was reflected more in the young (30.4 percent) to middle age (42 percent) group compared to old age group. Majority (72.5 percent) of the farmers in the study area were found to have no organizational participation. The highest proportion (73.9 percent) of the respondents fell in the moderate knowledge category while none fell in less knowledge and 26.1 percent in the high knowledge category respectively. Only 1.4 percent of the farmers had moderately perception on environmental knowledge as compared to 98.6 percent favorable perception. Out of eight independent variables, five of them, i.e. years of schooling, farm size, annual family income, media exposure and knowledge on the use of agro-chemicals had positive relationships with their perception of environmental degradation due use of pesticides. Only three independent variable i.e. age, household size and organizational participation had no relationship with their perception of environmental degradation due use of pesticides.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i2.22079 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(2): 13-18 2013
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Fathiya, Nadila, and Asrizal Asrizal. "DEVELOPMENT OF STEM EDUCATION INTEGRATED SOUND AND LIGHT WAVES E-MODULE FOR CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." PILLAR OF PHYSICS EDUCATION 15, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/13528171074.
Анотація:
21st-century education is an education described by the utilization of computerized innovation in the educational experience to further develop student's critical and creative thinking skills. The integrated teaching module of STEM education is still low, this is obtained from the analysis of STEM integration in textbooks, which is 57.89. The answer for defeat these issues is to foster a coordinated sound wave and light wave e-module in STEM schooling. This study aims to reveal the validity of the integrated sound wave and light wave e-module in STEM education. This type of research is included in research and development. This study uses the ADDIE development model. The instrument in this study used a content validity sheet. Technical analysis of the data in this study using Aiken's V. In view of the outcomes of the analysis of Aiken's V obtained a value of 0.83. Product validity is interpreted as a high validity category because the score is 0.8. In view of the aftereffects of this review, it was inferred that the e-module of sound waves and light waves integrated with STEM education was in the valid category and could be used in learning in schools on aspects of material substance, visual communication display, instructional design, software usage, and STEM assessment. Researchers hope that this e-module can be a reference for technology-based learning resources to create meaningful learning to encourage the improvement of high school students critical and creative thinking skills.
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Fitriyani, Fitriyani, Awalina Barokah, and Bulan Kurniati. "Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Pembelajaran PKN Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar." EduInovasi: Journal of Basic Educational Studies 3, no. 2 (May 18, 2023): 540–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/edui.v3i2.5000.
Анотація:
This research is motivated by the limited teaching materials in elementary schools and the lack of interactive learning media developed. This development research aims to produce a "Garudaku" board product and to find out the practicality and effectiveness of students towards the "Garudaku" board product in PKN subjects in grade V, so that the quality of learning at school is much more enjoyable and more able to hone students' abilities. in creative thinking. This study uses the type of learning design development research or RnD using the ADDIE model. The research subjects involved consisted of three experts (media experts, linguists and material experts) and fifth grade students. The results of this study resulted in the product "Garudaku" board which can be used to explain basic schooling as teaching materials for students who have meet the very good criteria with an average score of the three experts, namely 96.9% with the very feasible category and very practical criteria and the level of effectiveness with an average of 90% is in the very effective category. The teaching materials for the "Garudaku" board product are appropriate, practical and effective for use in Class V elementary school PKN learning. The development of interactive learning media is a solution for learning that involves students actively in the learning process. The purpose of this research is to create learning media to help increase creativity and interest in learning Citizenship Education (PKN).
Keywords: Interactive Learning, Creativity, PKN, Elementary School
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English, Rebecca. "Getting a risk-free trial during COVID: Accidental and deliberate home educators, responsibilisation and the growing population of children being educated outside of school." Journal of Pedagogy 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jped-2021-0004.
Анотація:
Abstract Numbers coming out of education departments in Australia suggest that, even though most Australian schools are open, and families are able to send their children to them, increasing numbers of parents are deciding to keep their children at home for their education (Queensland Government: Department of Education, 2020). It may be that, as the president of Australia’s home education representative body stated during the pandemic, Covid school closures offered a “risk-free trial” of home education (Lever, 2020) by providing an a-posteriori experience of education outside of schools. Building on the Covid experiences, this paper suggests that ‘accidentally falling into’ home education may be significant in understanding parents’ home education choices. Using numbers of home educators from Australia, and the associated data on their location and ages, this paper argues responsibilisation (see Doherty & Dooley, 2018) provides a suitable lens to examine how parents may decide, after an a-posteriori experience such as Covid school closures and previous, often negative, experiences of schooling, to home educate in the medium to long term. This paper proposes that increasing numbers of home educators will be seen in various jurisdictions where families perceive themselves responsibilised to home educate due to Covid as an a-posteriori experiences of home education. The paper proposes these families are ‘accidental’ home educators (English, 2021). By contrast, much more stable is the ‘deliberate’ home education population, those whose choices are based in a-priori beliefs about schooling. The paper proposes that the accidental home education category may be better able to explain the growing numbers of home educators in Australia and across the world, providing a means for governments to respond to the needs of this cohort, and the policies required to manage this population.
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Friedman, Eleanor E., Hazel D. Dean, and Wayne A. Duffus. "Incorporation of Social Determinants of Health in the Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Systematic Review of Articles Authored by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention." Public Health Reports 133, no. 4 (June 6, 2018): 392–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354918774788.
Анотація:
Objectives: Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the complex, structural, and societal factors that are responsible for most health inequities. Since 2003, the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) has researched how SDHs place communities at risk for communicable diseases and poor adolescent health. We described the frequency and types of SDHs discussed in articles authored by NCHHSTP. Methods: We used the MEDLINE/PubMed search engine to systematically review the frequency and type of SDHs that appeared in peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2014, with a NCHHSTP affiliation. We chose search terms to identify articles with a focus on the following SDH categories: income and employment, housing and homelessness, education and schooling, stigma or discrimination, social or community context, health and health care, and neighborhood or built environment. We classified articles based on the depth of topic coverage as “substantial” (ie, one of ≤3 foci of the article) or “minimal” (ie, one of ≥4 foci of the article). Results: Of 862 articles authored by NCHHSTP, 366 (42%) addressed the SDH factors of interest. Some articles addressed >1 SDH factor (366 articles appeared 568 times across the 7 categories examined), and we examined them for each category that they addressed. Most articles that addressed SDHs (449/568 articles; 79%) had a minimal SDH focus. SDH categories that were most represented in the literature were health and health care (190/568 articles; 33%) and education and schooling (118/568 articles; 21%). Conclusions: This assessment serves as a baseline measurement of inclusion of SDH topics from NCHHSTP authors in the literature and creates a methodology that can be used in future assessments of this topic.