Дисертації з теми "Scar60"
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1
Montgomery, Jade. "Building a Better Scar: Re-engineering Extracellular Matrix Structure in Dermal Scars." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction
Cutaneous scars represent a common surgical complication, yet no effective drug therapy for scar treatment currently exists despite huge patient and physician demand. A connexin 43 (Cx43) carboxyl terminus (CT) mimetic peptide, alpha Connexin Carboxy-Terminus 1 (αCT1), has demonstrated efficacy in improving long-term scar appearance in pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, current understanding of the mechanism-of-action by which αCT1 improves long-term scar appearance with early intervention treatment is not well understood.
Methods
In vivo: Scar biopsies from 1) human, 2) Sprague-Dawley rat, and 3) IAF Hairless guinea pig trials of αCT1 were examined for collagen matrix structure at 4 weeks (all models), and 2 and 6 weeks (rat and guinea pig models only). Collagen matrix variables examined included local disorganization of the fibers, a variable that is higher in unwounded skin compared to scar tissue, and density of the fibers, which is higher in scar tissue but can also be used as an early temporal marker of the rate of healing.
In vitro: Primary murine dermal fibroblasts were isolated from the whole dermis of 3-4 week old transgenic mice expressing collagen 1(α2) GFP-tpz. Cells were sorted for expression via FACS and plated on prealigned collagen substrate for 7 days under conditions favorable to generating extracellular matrix.
Results
All in vivo scar biopsies demonstrated some level of altered collagen matrix structure with αCT1 treatment. Treated scars had higher local disorganization of the collagen fibers within the wound, and an increase in collagen matrix density compared to control at certain earlier timepoints that tended to decrease or disappear at later timepoints. The IAF Hairless guinea pig, a novel splinted wound healing model presented herein, was found to closely replicate the human dermal collagen profile and changes in collagen profile spurred by αCT1, significantly outperforming the traditional rat model. Primary dermal murine fibroblasts treated in vitro with αCT1 significantly increased synthesis of procollagen 1, the precursor of collagen 1 necessary for constructing the extracellular matrix, suggesting that at least part of the reason for higher collagen density at early in vivo timepoints is due to increased collagen synthesis by fibroblasts.
Conclusion
αCT1 treatment in the early stages of wound healing prompts individual fibroblasts to increase their output of collagen and create a more disorganized early collagen matrix. These early changes potentially spur the long-term scar appearance improvements seen in clinical trials, and provide a basis for future work to discover the cellular pathways to alter in order to improve wound healing and cutaneous scarring outcomes.Doctor of Philosophy
Skin wounds frequently result in scars that can range from barely visible to enormous eyesores. Almost everyone will experience at least one skin wound in their lifetime leading to a scar that they wish were less visible, feeding the multi-billion dollar market for anti-scarring agents. However, many of the products on store shelves that claim to reduce scar appearance have not proven those claims. Most of the therapies that do have some degree of scientific evidence to support their claims are difficult to use properly, such as silicone sheeting, and often result in only minor improvements to scar appearance. Alpha Connexin Carboxy-Terminus 1 (αCT1), marketed in clinical trials as Granexin® gel, is a protein-based therapy that works on the cellular level to fundamentally alter the skin's initial reaction to wounding and improving long-term scar appearance. This dissertation explores the link between cellular processes altered by αCT1 and long-term clinical improvements in scar appearance by studying both the extracellular matrix present in the scar in human and animal models and the creation of that extracellular matrix by dermal fibroblasts. In both human and animal models, topical application of αCT1 had no effect on skin surface appearance at early timepoints of 2-6 weeks, correlating with previous research that found scar appearance only improved at 3+ months post-injury. However, deep within the newly constructed tissue of the scar, these studies show the collagen organizational structure of αCT1-treated scars is more similar to unwounded skin and slightly more dense at early timepoints, suggesting αCT1 marginally improved the speed of healing. These findings in humans and animals were also verified in part in cell culture experiments that found dermal fibroblasts increased collagen output in response to αCT1 treatment. A novel wound healing model in the hairless guinea pig, superior at replicating human skin than established models like the rat, is also presented and shown to have effects strongly similar to the human with αCT1 treatment. These results provide a fundamental insight into the mode-of-action by which αCT1 may improve long term scar appearance and identifies early collagen structure as a target for future therapeutics to modify, as well as a new animal model in which to test them.
2
Medeiros, Nathalia Maira Cabral de. "An?lise filogen?tica e funcional de dois genes de reparo hom?logos a AP endonuclease em cana-de-a??car: ScARP1 e ScARP3." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12627.
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The genome of all organisms constantly suffers the influence of mutagenic factors from endogenous and/or exogenous origin, which may result in damage for the genome. In order to keep the genome integrity there are different DNA repair pathway to detect and correct these lesions. In relation to the plants as being sessile organisms, they are exposed to this damage frequently. The Base Excision DNA Repair (BER) is responsible to detect and repair oxidative lesions. Previous work in sugarcane identified two sequences that were homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana: ScARP1 ScARP3. These two sequences were homologous to AP endonuclease from BER pathway. Then, the aim of this work was to characterize these two sequence using different approaches: phylogenetic analysis, in silico protein organelle localization and by Nicotiana tabacum transgenic plants with overexpression cassette. The in silico data obtained showed a duplication of this sequence in sugarcane and Poaceae probably by a WGD event. Furthermore, in silico analysis showed a new localization in nuclei for ScARP1 protein. The data obtained with transgenic plants showed a change in development and morphology. Transgenic plants had slow development when compared to plants not transformed. Then, these results allowed us to understand better the potential role of this sequence in sugarcane and in plants in general. More work is important to be done in order to confirm the protein localization and protein characterization for ScARP1 and ScARP3
O genoma de todos os organismos sofre constantemente a influ?ncia de fatores mutag?nicos que podem ser de origem end?gena e/ou ex?gena, estes podem resultar em danos ao material gen?tico. Se esses danos n?o forem corrigidos pode levar ao aparecimento de muta??es. As plantas por serem organismos sesseis est?o continuamente expostas a estes fatores. Considerando isto, os organismos (animais e vegetais) possuem diferentes vias de reparo de DNA para manter a integridade do material gen?tico. Dentro destas vias, h? a via de Reparo por Excis?o de Bases (BER) que ? composta por diferentes enzimas, e dentro dessa via h? a enzima AP endonuclease que ? alvo deste estudo. Trabalhos anteriores em cana-de-a??car identificaram duas sequ?ncias de cDNA hom?logas a esta prote?na que foram denominadas ScARP1 e ScARP3. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar estas duas sequ?ncias por meio de an?lises filogen?ticas utilizando sequ?ncias presentes dentro do reino Plantae, e de an?lises estruturais dos genes de AP endonuclease por an?lise in silico e por plantas transg?nicas contendo cassetes de super-express?o. Al?m disso, foi realizado transforma??es e a obten??o plantas transg?nicas de Nicotiana tabacum contendo cassetes de super-express?o em orienta??o anti-senso. Foi tamb?m analisado a rela??o filogen?tica de genes DNA ligase I presentes no organismo vegetal de estudo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que as sequ?ncias ScARP1 e ScARP3 correspondem a uma duplica??o, provavelmente devido a um processo de duplica??o do genoma como um todo (WGD) que deve ter ocorrido no grupo das gram?neas (Poaceae). Refor?ando estes dados, foi verificado um poss?vel direcionamento da prote?na para organelas diferentes, sendo que a ScARP1 pode ser encontrada no n?cleo e a ScARP3 em mitocondrias e/ou cloroplasto. Com rela??o as plantas transg?nicas contendo o cassete em orienta??o anti-senso foi observado que estas apresentaram crescimento lento quando comparado com a planta selvagem (n?o transformada). Al?m disso, seu fen?tipo abrange altera??es morfol?gicas no crescimento foliar, baixa estatura e diminui??o na produ??o de sementes. Entretanto, ainda se faz necess?rio a obten??o da linhagem homozigota para aprofundar essas observa??es. Desta forma, estes resultados permitem compreender um pouco melhor do poss?vel papel da enzima AP endonuclease em cana-de-a??car e em plantas
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Fisher, Andrea Christina. "Ablative Fractional Resurfacing for Burn Scars & the Impact on Adult Reconstructive Burn Surgery: Exploring the Effects of a Novel Treatment Paradigm." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26320.
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Burn scars are a major challenge in modern burn surgery. Severe scars often remain and can significantly diminish quality of life by causing disfigurement, pain, itchiness, contractures limiting the range of motion and functions of the body and joints. Ablative fractional CO2 laser (AFL-CO2) resurfacing has become a promising treatment modality for severe burn scars.
The aim of this thesis was to analyse the efficacy and safety of AFL-CO2, whilst simultaneously aspiring to find explanations as to why this treatment modality has led to an overall different understanding of burn scar remodelling and why a simple approach can treat the underlying problem much more efficiently than conventional reconstructive burn surgery.
A review of burn scars, traditional burn scar therapies, and an overview of light-based therapies for burn scars is provided. Subsequently, the creation of an extensive prospective database of every burn patient who was treated at Concord with AFL-CO2 laser as well as the methodologies of the following studies is described. The first study includes an analysis of the effectiveness and safety of AFL-CO2 laser for burn scars. The second project explores the effects of various laser penetration depths to establish guidance on new treatment settings. The third project includes an analysis of the effect of AFL-CO2 on conventional reconstructive procedures, hospital admission patterns, and length of stay. The fourth study illustrates the prophylactic potential of AFL-CO2 in the acute management of burn injuries.
During the study period, the thorough, repetitive, and systematic clinical assessment of each burn scar over several years allowed for an improved understanding of burn scar development. This has in turn led to optimal treatment algorithms to be defined which are presented in this thesis as a conclusion of the previously listed projects. Overall, it has become clear that AFL-CO2 has allowed us to redefine the reconstructive approach to burn scars.
4
Hirson, Denis. "White Scars." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410222.
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5
Dingwell, Christopher L. "The scars." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316542218.
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6
Boscariol, Alice <1998>. "Tiziano Scarpa e la logocorporaleità." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21089.
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Millin-Chalabi, Gail Rebecca. "Radar multi-temporal and multi-sensor approach to characterise peat moorland burn scars and assess burn scar persistence in the landscape." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/radar-multitemporal-and-multisensor-approach-to-characterise-peat-moorland-burn-scars-and-assess-burn-scar-persistence-in-the-landscape(36288daf-4a05-46e8-9e29-f67c62584fc5).html.
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Peat moorlands represent a nationally significant carbon store. Wildfires in peat moorlands release CO2 into the atmosphere, reducing the carbon store and burn into the seed bank preventing vegetation recovery. Burned areas of bare peat remain, known as ‘burn scars’ which are eroded by freeze thaw and desiccation, then weathered by precipitation and wind to cause discolouration of the water supply. A technique for the systematic monitoring of peat moorland burn scars is essential for informing land management and moorland restoration. Satellite data enables peat moorland burn scars to be monitored at the landscape scale for operational services e.g. European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS). However, in the UK cloud is highly problematic for optical satellites and thermal data provides only a short window of opportunity for active fire detection. This thesis provides a unique line of enquiry by exploring the potential of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) intensity and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence for burn scar characterisation and persistence, using a multi-temporal and multi-sensor approach for degraded peat moorland. The Peak District National Park (PDNP) was selected because it is a marginal moorland environment, which experiences high rates of peat erosion and will experience more wildfires, based on future projections of increased temperature, due to global warming. Initial SAR intensity results for the Bleaklow 2003 burn scar showed a clear post-fire increase of 7 dB for burned peat bog when acquired under wet conditions. Post-fire, dry − wet InSAR pairs were characterised by vegetation removal caused by combustion within the burn scar area, whereas wet − wet InSAR pairs characterised the burn scar, but also degraded peat moorland caused by previous wildfires blurring the new burn scar perimeter. Intensity differed significantly with slope for the PDNP 2003 wildfires, reducing the effectiveness of the technique for characterising burn scars on slopes facing away from the sensor, although these wildfires showed no significant difference on coherence for the inland bare ground class. When using coherence as a burn scar discriminator, this research found that it is essential to acquire InSAR pairs immediately post-fire with B⊥ < 550 m. Using a combination of intensity and coherence data a multi-difference colour composite was produced and an ISODATA classification applied. Results were reclassified to produce a burned area map with an overall map accuracy of 94% and Kappa Coefficient of 0.69 covering the Bleaklow and Kinder 2003 burn scars. Burn scars < 6 km2 provided a persistently higher burned area intensity signal for up to six months after the wildfire but only 2 − 3 months for coherence. The smaller Edale burn scar (0.10 km2) was characterised by 2 − 3 dB greater intensity for the burned area over a year after the wildfire. The Edale 2008 case study showed that L-band PALSAR data is less sensitive to characterising peat moorland burn scars compared to C-band data. This study therefore strongly recommends C-band data for peat moorland burn scar characterisation and monitoring. Future research will explore the new C-band Sentinel-1 data which offers improved spatial resolution and repeat-pass time.
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Riechers, Sören [Verfasser]. "Scheduling with scarce resources / Sören Riechers." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1145017339/34.
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Hillmer, Michael. "Pharmacotherapy of keloid scars." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0023/MQ50486.pdf.
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Montanari, Giorgio Satoru. "Riciclo degli scarti della fibra di carbonio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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L’aumento dell’utilizzo della fibra di carbonio in vari settori industriali, grazie alle sue caratteristiche migliori rispetto ai materiali convenzionali, ha provocato un conseguente aumento del numero di scarti prodotti.
Il riciclo di materiali compositi è diventato un tema molto importante ma è anche difficile a causa della loro complessa composizione (fibre, matrice e riempitivi), della reticolazione nelle resine termoindurenti e della combinazione di altri materiali.
Al giorno d’oggi, la maggior parte degli scarti di fibra di carbonio sono mandati in discarica. Questa è una soluzione insoddisfacente dal punto di vista dell’impatto ambientale, legislativo, della gestione delle risorse e dell’eventuale opportunità economica legata al riciclo degli scarti.
Trai i vari metodi di recupero disponibili, si è scelto di utilizzare la pirolisi ed una susseguente fase di post-ossidazione per rimuovere la matrice. Si è svolta una ottimizzazione dei tempi di residenza e delle temperature di questi due processi per ottenere fibre con le migliori superfici e caratteristiche meccaniche finali.
Questo lavoro è stato realizzato presso la Lamborghini Automobili.
11
Richards, Fiona. "Anra scarab : an archaeological and historical approach." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26878.
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Masters, Nikhil. "Examining the consumer response to food scares." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546259.
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Carroll, Conor James. "Crisis communication response strategies for food scares." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539739.
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Drawing on the theoretical framework of crisis communications, risk communications, and food choice literatures, this study explores the dynamics of food scare crises within an Irish context. The consumer reactions following these risk events present an opportunity to examine risk information processing within consumer behaviour. Utilising a realist research position, initial focus group research was conducted, which drove the main phase of the research, which consisted of in-depth consumer interviews. All of these interviews were transcribed and analysed using qualitative research software. Through this extensive exploratory research several key findings emerged which advance our understanding of crises and food scares. Risk profiles of Irish consumers were identified from their beliefs surrounding food category risk. Furthermore, an extensive risk information processing framework was identified, incorporating risk profiles, determinants of risk, and behavioural consequences. Food scares exhibited wave-like characteristics in which risk is amplified through an amalgam of factors, and then subsided to a natural state of equilibrium. The intensity of perceived risk is temporally linked, in that the level of perceived risk reaches its zenith in the immediate aftermath of public risk disclosure, which is intensified through greater media scrutiny and social discourse surrounding the food risk. Subsequently the level of perceived risk subsides amongst certain consumer populations due to lack of media and social discourse on the risk issue. In addition, key consumer expectations of crisis communication responses were identified, in terms of the form and content of the response. Moreover, the evidence indicated that exposure to past food crises created inoculation effects. Consumers perceived that industry stakeholders invoke proactive preventative measures to eliminate the potential for risk reoccurrence, by enhancing their safety systems, thereby reducing future risk potential. A key conclusion of the research is that organisations need to hetter understand the dynamics of food scares, so as to develop effective crisis communication responses, and long-term effective risk communications. As consumers are deluged with risk messages on a consistent basis, particularly concerning food consumption, organisations need a greater insight into how risk information processing occurs. The findings of the research help broaden our understanding of food scares, and have implications for the management of crisis events within other industries. They provide a critical insight into how these events are perceived, which have implications for marketing and management. Moreover it demonstrates that there are indeed opportunities from crises, to improve safety protocols to prevent reoccurrence, and to solidify bonds of trust with the consumer, through ongoing communications dialogue.
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Schultz, Anne-Catrin. "Der Schichtungsprozeß im Werk von Carlo Scarpa." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB7955560.
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Dart, Kathleen Louise. "The invisible woman: The lesbian - scared straight." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3307.
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Schultz, Anne-Catrin. "Der Schichtungsprozess im Werk von Carlo Scarpa eine Untersuchung der Hintergründe von Entwurfsmethodik und Kompositionstrategie Carlo Scarpa's /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=958856389.
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17
Rau, Douglas Harris. "Free surface scars and striations." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27062.
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Battigaglia, Eusonia. "Possibili utilizzi degli scarti della filiera del finocchio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Lo spreco alimentare ha un enorme impatto sulla sicurezza nutrizionale, la qualità del cibo, le risorse ambientali e lo sviluppo economico; perciò questo tema negli ultimi anni ha attirato l’attenzione della comunità scientifica che ha concentrato i suoi sforzi sulla riduzione, gestione e valorizzazione di scarti e sottoprodotti alimentari.
Scarti e sottoprodotti agroalimentari sono costituiti da componenti complessi, molti dei quali ad elevato valore biologico e nutrizionale, che possono essere estratti e purificati, con l’uso di tecnologie tradizionali o emergenti, per essere impiegati come additivi o ingredienti nei settori alimentari, farmaceutici, ecc.
Scopo di questo elaborato di tesi è stato quello di esaminare i possibili utilizzi di scarti e sottoprodotti ottenuti dalla lavorazione del finocchio.
Nella prima parte dell’elaborato sono state investigate le principali problematiche relative allo spreco e sostenibilità alimentare. Nella seconda parte, dopo aver descritto le principali modalità di trattamento, valorizzazione e destinazioni d’uso di scarti e sottoprodotti alimentari, sono stati raccolti i risultati più significativi di studi mirati alla valorizzazione di quelli derivanti dalla lavorazione del finocchio e riportate le più interessanti applicazioni commerciali già esistenti.
In sintesi, nel settore agroalimentare scarti e sottoprodotti del finocchio possono essere utilizzati per la produzione di semi-lavorati, prodotti finiti ed ingredienti; gli estratti, ricchi in polifenoli ed oli essenziali, possono esser impiegati in prodotti erboristici, farmaceutici e cosmetici. Steli e foglie possono essere valorizzati come fertilizzanti o alimento ad uso zootecnico, per l’estrazione di enzimi a basso costo o come substrati per produrre biomassa microbica.
In conclusione, è possibile affermare come la valorizzazione di scarti e sottoprodotti ottenuti dalla lavorazione del finocchio, possa fortemente contribuire alla sostenibilità del sistema agroalimentare
19
Scherrer, Christina Robinson. "The Allocation of Scarce Resources in Public Health." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7229.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As health care costs continue to increase at rates higher than the general inflation rate, there is increased focus on controlling health care expenditures in the public and private sectors. In particular, there is a compelling need for more creative and informed allocation decisions for limited government public health funds. This thesis suggests several methods for better forecasting the demand for health care and allocating health care resources more efficiently. First, productivity of dental sealant programs is studied and suggestions are made for increased efficiency. Using simulation and data from several states programs, guidelines are offered for optimal programs based on program size, distance to site, and practice act requirements. We find that under most conditions, it is better to carry an extra dental assistant to every program. The cost of satisfying practice act requirements is also quantified. Second, a model for allocating health resources to Community Health Centers (CHCs) is provided. Using the state of Georgia as a prototype, local estimation is used to forecast county insurance types, disease prevalence, and likelihood of using a clinic. Then, the optimal locations and service portfolios to be offered under financial constraints are determined using a developed mixed-integer programming model. Finally, shortcomings in current Markovian modeling of chronic disease are analyzed. Common forecasting techniques can overestimate or underestimate the population in need of care, as illustrated by analytic results and an example with lung cancer data. The chapter presents suggestions for improving such modeling. Each of these issues affect the planning models for scarce resources in health care, and improving those models can positively impact utilization of those services. Through this research, models are presented that can positively impact public health decisions in coming years, particularly those for growing high-risk and low-income groups.
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Clayton, Blake Carman. "A behavioural finance approach to commodity supply scares." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:89a8f042-33f0-4da7-b0b6-e3f9c06c8db3.
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This study aims to generate a more robust understanding of public attitudes regarding non-renewable natural resource markets. Employing a comparative-historical case study method, it analyzes three waves of widespread fear that swept the United States over the course of the twentieth century regarding an imminent, irreversible shortage of oil. Each of these periods of fear over oil supply availability coincided with a significant rise in the price of crude oil, only to be followed by a sudden collapse as new production came onstream in response to higher prices. The study utilizes process tracing and pattern matching techniques to examine the linkages between fundamental supply-demand conditions in the crude oil market, oil price movements, and expert predictions of and other public expressions of belief that oil in the United States would become scarcer and more expensive in the future. This dissertation’s core arguments contribute to existing theoretical debates in three ways. First, by providing a comparative historical portrait of cyclical patterns in public and expert beliefs regarding non-renewable resource availability and long-term price behavior, the study puts contemporary debates over the future of oil supply in historical perspective. It allows the rampant claims of, and widespread belief in, a global shortage of oil that have gained popularity over the last decade—most notably, in the so-called “peak oil” movement—to be situated within a broader chronological context. It also extends and deepens earlier historical work analyzing oil shortage scares in the United States, both in terms of their underlying dynamics and their effect on federal government policy relative to the oil industry. Second, the study establishes the link between fundamental supply-demand conditions in the oil market, generally reflected in oil prices, and the degree of media attention given to, and apparent public belief in, an imminent, irreversible shortage of oil in the United States over the course of the twentieth century. In so doing, it demonstrates the applicability of Shiller’s (2000, 2005) conceptualization of new era economic theory formation and popularization to observed phenomena in the oil market, but with a crucial difference. Rather than new era economic thinking taking the form of unbounded optimism about the future, in the case of the oil market new era thinking has tended to be manifested as the pessimistic belief that an impending, irreversible shortage of oil would lead to a long-term, even perpetual, rise in oil prices. The study suggests two modifications to the concept that enhance its greater explanatory leverage with regard to exhaustible resource markets: one, that often the new era predictions most widely cited during shortage scares were actually made prior to the boom in prices, to little fanfare, but subsequently deemed prophetic by new era proponents; and two, that the new era narratives often contained normative elements. Moral judgments—in particular, condemnation of the oil economy’s degradation of the natural environment—have often intertwined with predictions that the oil supply was more limited than widely believed and that prices were destined to continue rising. Third, the study demonstrates that the concept of narratives of decline, as described by Bennett (2001) and Lieber (2008), constitutes a powerful theoretical lens through which to understand trends in popular opinion with regard to non-renewable resource availability, and to asset prices more generally—a link that has heretofore gone unrecognized. It finds that a positive feedback loop tended to exist between popular fears of a new era of oil shortages, marked by a long-term rise in prices, and related narratives of the environmental and relative political-economic decline of the United States.
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Bonificio, William Daley. "Bacterial Approaches to the Recovery of Scarce Metals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467303.
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Many of the scarcest metals are critical to future energy technologies. However, these metals often have limited supplies, and their current production and recycling methods are complicated and use toxic chemicals. In order to ensure the availability of these metals alternative methods for their recovery need to be explored. This thesis describes biological methods for the recovery of some of these metals, specifically the lanthanides and tellurium. It is one of the first investigations for the biogenic recovery of either of these metals, making it unique in the field.
The lanthanides are critical elements in the high performance magnets used in wind turbines, electric vehicles, and other 'green' technologies, but they are difficult to separate from one another because of their chemical similarity. We demonstrate a biogenic method based on lanthanide adsorption to the bacteria Roseobacter sp. AzwK-3b, followed by subsequent desorption as a function of pKa using a semi-continuous flow process. The desorption behavior suggests that the basicity of the individual lanthanides is important in determining their biosorption and desorption behavior. Similar selectivity was also found using phosphatidic acid liposomes. It is possible to concentrate a solution of equal concentrations of each lanthanide to nearly 50% of the two heaviest lanthanides in only two stages of enrichment, surpassing existing industrial practice. This suggests that there is an opportunity to harness the diversity of bacterial surface chemistry and liposome chemistries to fine tune the separation and recovery of these technologically important metals, and to do so in an environmentally benign manner.
Tellurium is used in photovoltaic (PV) modules and thermoelectric generators, however it is not abundant in the earth's crust and is difficult to produce. We show that the hydrothermal vent microbe Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain EPR3 can convert tellurium from a wide variety of compounds, industrial sources, and devices into metallic tellurium and a gaseous tellurium species. These include metallic tellurium, tellurite, copper autoclave slime, tellurium dioxide, tellurium-based PV material (cadmium telluride), and tellurium-based thermoelectric material (bismuth telluride). Despite the fact that many of these tellurium compounds are considered insoluble in aqueous solution, they can nonetheless be transformed by EPR3, suggesting the existence of a steady state soluble tellurium concentration during tellurium transformation. Insights from these experiments on the mechanisms of tellurium precipitation and volatilization by bacteria, and their implications on tellurium production and recycling are discussed.Engineering and Applied Sciences - Applied Physics
22
Costa, Francesca <1986>. "RECUPERO E RIVALORIZZAZIONE DI COLLAGENE DA SCARTI INDUSTRIALI." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5405.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il settore della produzione di pelle e cuoio riveste, per l’economia nazionale, un ruolo di indubbio valore; l’intera produzione conciaria dell’UE è costituita per oltre il 70% da pelli e cuoio provenienti dall’Italia.
Le più recenti normative EU impongono alle aziende che trattano determinati prodotti di occuparsi, anche economicamente, della corretta gestione dei rifiuti ad essi collegati, in base alla politica delle tre R: “Reduce, Recover, Recycle”. Diventa quindi una necessità per l’industria sfruttare pienamente le materie prime recuperando e riciclando i materiali di scarto.
Il lavoro svolto in questa tesi riguarda la possibilità di recuperare e reimpiegare i materiali di scarto organici contenenti collagene, grassi ecc., provenienti dall’industria conciaria, per la produzione di prodotti ad alto valore aggiunto.
Il progetto si compone di due fasi: nella prima fase si è proceduto alla messa a punto di un processo industriale per recuperare e riciclare il collagene dal carniccio (scarto pre-concia) al fine di ottenere collagene solido o liquido, che già dispone di un ampio mercato di vendita con margini di guadagno variabili a seconda del suo impiego finale. Nella seconda fase sono stati studiati nuovi possibili impieghi del collagene nella produzione di biopolimeri e l’impiego di carniccio trattato per la produzione di materiali parzialmente o totalmente biodegradabili.
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Neumeier, Christian. "Die Scarf-Osteotomie bei Hallux valgus." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-77366.
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24
Gonzalez, Gabriel. "Hidden Scars: The Art of PTSD." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5636.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Through the use of mixed media, I explore imagery that reveals the trauma of returning combat veterans, of which I am one, as we try to reintegrate into a society that does not understand the war that still lingers within us. In my work, I depict emotional disturbances that are related to my personal encounters with war. My working process starts by referencing mainstream media imagery, which I juxtapose against harsh images inspired by veterans' drug and alcohol use, trauma and death. My black-and-white pixelated paintings feature the fragmented memories of a hostile combat environment, and although “Out of My Mind” depicts the chaotic emotions associated with PTSD, my whimsical style of illustration suggests a detachment from reality. Whether we call it shell shock, battle fatigue or PTSD, the war-related disorder is real. I want society to be aware of the hidden scars that our veterans carry with them. I do not anticipate my subject matter changing any time soon.M.F.A.
Masters
Visual Arts and Design
Arts and Humanities
Emerging Media; Studio Art and the Computer
25
Mefford, Greg. "Side Channel Analysis Research Framework (SCARF)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342463791.
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Baydono, Ibrahim, and Johan Hultenheim. "Picassos arm : En ritande SCARA-robot." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296332.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En SCARA-robot som ritar kräver en hög noggrannhet och precision. Syftet med detta projekt är att skapa en robotarm som kan rita bilder som generas av en användare i ett ritprogram, armens rörelse beräknas med hjälp av inverskinematik. Projektet undersöker hur precisionssäker roboten är samt dennes snabbhet. Under projektets gång har upprepade tester gjorts för att mäta dessa egenskaper. Roboten uppnådde en hög grad av noggrannhet när den gjorde punkter på samma ställe upprepade gånger, men den har svårt att med hög precision återskapa bildens korrekta geometri, detta visas med ett test då den skall rita en cirkel. Detta kan bero på flera olika faktorer. Det mest sannolika är att det finns glapp i armarnas kuggremsdrift, när roboten gör en cirkulär rörelse så uppkommer felet när någon av armarna byter rörelseriktning. I rapporten redogörs hur roboten har konstruerats och programmerats.A SCARA-robot that draws requires a high level of precision and accuracy. This project aims to build a three degree of freedom robot arm that uses inverse kinematics, to draw a picture that has been assigned to it. The project explores the robot’s accuracy as well as its speed. Several measurements were conducted during the project to assess the Robot Arm’s reliability. When the robot makes points in the same position several times, it achieves near-perfect precision, but it has trouble recreating the proper geometrics of the picture being drawn. It may be caused by a variety of factors, it is most likely caused by a play in the timing belt. When the robot performs a circular movement, the problem arises when one of the arms switches its direction. In this paper, the robot’s construction and programming are described.
27
Machemer, Ethan G. P. "A Predictive Habitat Model for Rainbow Parrotfish Scarus guacamaia." NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rainbow parrotfish Scarus guacamaia is a prominent herbivore in the coastal waters of southeastern Florida whose life history is strongly linked to a dependence on both mangrove and coral reef habitats. Rainbow parrotfish in turn serve in maintaining the health of coral reefs by keeping algal populations in check. This study used NOAA Fisheries data from the Mangrove Visual Census and the Reef Visual Census in Biscayne Bay and Upper Florida Bay. Observations of abiotic factors at individual sites were used to correlate and predict presence and absence of this species. This was done to visualize habitat presence and ontogenetic shifts present in this species between juvenile and adult stages through ArcGIS mapping. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict presence or absence using the environmental variables of temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, average depth, distance from channel openings, mangrove presence, temperature Δ, and salinity Δ. Average depth, distance from channel openings, temperature Δ and salinity Δ were significant in predicting the presence of this species, while salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and mangrove presence were not. Conservation efforts for this species, listed as vulnerable under the IUCN, need to be given greater consideration. The health of this and other parrotfish may have a greater impact on coral reef ecosystems across the Caribbean Sea than currently acknowledged and management breadth and priorities should be adjusted to reflect this role.
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Büchel, Lena [Verfasser]. "Die Villen und Villenprojekte von Carlo Scarpa / Lena Büchel." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1188634399/34.
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Kleynhans, Neil Taylor. "Automatic speech recognition for resource-scarce environments / N.T. Kleynhans." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9668.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology has matured over the past few decades and has made significant impacts in a variety of fields, from assistive technologies to commercial products. However, ASR system development is a resource intensive activity and requires language resources in the form of text annotated audio recordings and pronunciation dictionaries. Unfortunately, many languages found in the developing world fall into the resource-scarce category and due to this resource scarcity the deployment of ASR systems in the developing world is severely inhibited. In this thesis we present research into developing techniques and tools to (1) harvest audio data, (2) rapidly adapt ASR systems and (3) select “useful” training samples in order to assist with resource-scarce ASR system development.
We demonstrate an automatic audio harvesting approach which efficiently creates a speech recognition corpus by harvesting an easily available audio resource. We show that by starting with bootstrapped acoustic models, trained with language data obtain from a dialect, and then running through a few iterations of an alignment-filter-retrain phase it is possible to create an accurate speech recognition corpus. As a demonstration we create a South African English speech recognition corpus by using our approach and harvesting an internet website which provides audio and approximate transcriptions. The acoustic models developed from harvested data are evaluated on independent corpora and show that the proposed harvesting approach provides a robust means to create ASR resources.
As there are many acoustic model adaptation techniques which can be implemented by an ASR system developer it becomes a costly endeavour to select the best adaptation technique. We investigate the dependence of the adaptation data amount and various adaptation techniques by systematically varying the adaptation data amount and comparing the performance of various adaptation techniques. We establish a guideline which can be used by an ASR developer to chose the best adaptation technique given a size constraint on the adaptation data, for the scenario where adaptation between narrow- and wide-band corpora must be performed. In addition, we investigate the effectiveness of a novel channel normalisation technique and compare the performance with standard normalisation and adaptation techniques.
Lastly, we propose a new data selection framework which can be used to design a speech recognition corpus. We show for limited data sets, independent of language and bandwidth, the most effective strategy for data selection is frequency-matched selection and that the widely-used maximum entropy methods generally produced the least promising results. In our model, the frequency-matched selection method corresponds to a logarithmic relationship between accuracy and corpus size; we also investigated other model relationships, and found that a hyperbolic relationship (as suggested from simple asymptotic arguments in learning theory) may lead to somewhat better performance under certain conditions.Thesis (PhD (Computer and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
30
Ormaux, Serge. "Paysages et geotypes : (Quelques analyses entre Somme et Scarpe)." Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA1021.
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Ros, Campos Andrés. "Carlo Scarpa: La abstracción como ornamento de lo sublime." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/63149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[EN] The hypothesis of this research is the use of abstraction as an argument for the exceptional architecture, which throughout it is linked to avant-garde artistic tendencies. It alludes to the essence, in a philosophical attitude next to modern phenomenology, which translates to debug through the application of geometry. The mechanism of abstraction applied to the creative methodology, art, architecture and design, consists of a first decomposition into its basic elements, that will allow to rebuild the set, sometimes transgressing the original order, to obtain a new order compositional parts, in which compositives elements can be read with some autonomy. The result of abstraction is therefore a restructuring that results in clearance, allowing the initial set stripping from unit assembly, that hid its own elements.
Mastering this concept allows masters advances in architectural space, from the destruction of the box by Frank Lloyd Wright, the neoplasticists theories of Theo van Doesburg, to the theories of Le Corbusier. In this contribution it seemed fair and appropriate to recognize the work of Carlo Scarpa. His work conveys an emotion that goes beyond beauty, surpassing the magnitude of the scale. His intention was always to escape mediocrity and beat the beauty known. But how it can overcome the beauty known? This research aims to demonstrate the use of the abstract mechanism for this purpose. The objective is therefore to link their project to the elementary mechanisms of abstraction methodology.
While fleeing from the figurative, doesn't reject the ornamental, throughout a refined geometry that fits with the precepts of modern architecture, staying in the range of the decorum. The ability of analysis and deduction of the essence of designed, allowed him to intervene in architectural restorations and treat museography theme with exquisite sensitivity. Each solution is studied in detail, in order to enhance the qualities of both, the architectural work, and the piece of art to be exhibited. There is therefore a double meaning in this investigation. On the one hand the concept of the abstract, and the other, the application of it to the work of Carlo Scarpa in order to transcend beauty.[ES] La hipótesis de esta investigación es la utilización de la abstracción como argumento de lo excepcional en la arquitectura, que a través de él se vincula a tendencias artísticas de vanguardia. Alude a la esencia, en una actitud filosófica próxima a la fenomenología moderna, que se traduce en depuración, mediante la aplicación de la geometría. El mecanismo de la abstracción, aplicado a la metodología creativa, del arte, la arquitectura o el diseño, consiste en una primera descomposición en sus elementos fundamentales, que permitirá recomponer el conjunto, transgrediendo en ocasiones el orden original, para obtener un nuevo orden en el que las partes compositivas se pueden leer con cierta autonomía. El resultado de la abstracción es por tanto una recomposición que se traduce en depuración, que permite despojar, al conjunto inicial, de la unidad que ocultaba sus elementos propios. Dominar este concepto permite a los maestros avances en el espacio arquitectónico, desde la ruptura de la caja de Frank LLoyd Wright, a las teorías neoplasticistas de Theo van Doesburg, pasando por las teorías de Le Corbusier. En esta aportación me parecía ecuánime y apropiado reconocer la labor de Carlo Scarpa. Su obra transmite una emoción que va más allá de la belleza, superando la magnitud de la escala. Su intención fue siempre huir de la mediocridad y superar la belleza conocida, pero ¿Cómo se consigue superar la belleza conocida? Esta investigación pretende demostrar la utilización del mecanismo de lo abstracto para este fin. El objetivo es por tanto, vincular su metodología proyectual a los mecanismos elementales de la abstracción. A la vez que huye de lo figurativo, no rechaza lo ornamental, a través de una depurada geometría que encaja con los preceptos de la arquitectura moderna, manteniéndose en el rango de lo decoroso. La capacidad de análisis y de deducción de la esencia de lo diseñado le permitió intervenir en restauraciones arquitectónica precursoras y tratar el tema museográfico con exquisita sensibilidad. Cada solución se estudia con minuciosidad, con el objetivo de realzar las cualidades, tanto de la obra arquitectónica, como de la pieza de arte a exponer. Existe pues una doble lectura en esta investigación. Por un lado el propio concepto de lo abstracto y por otro, la aplicación del mismo a la obra de Carlo Scarpa con el objetivo de trascender la belleza.
[CAT] La hipòtesi d'aquesta investigació és la utilització de l'abstracció com argument del que és excepcional en l'arquitectura, que a través d'ell es vincula a tendències artístiques d'avantguarda. Al·ludeix a l'essència, en una actitud filosòfica pròxima a la fenomenologia moderna, que es tradueix en acendrament, mitjançant l'aplicació de la geometria. El mecanisme de l'abstracció, aplicat a la metodologia creativa, de l'art, l'arquitectura o el disseny, consisteix en una primera descomposició en els seus elements fonamentals, que permetre recompondre el conjunt, transgredint a vegades l'orde original, per a obtenir un nou orde en el qual les parts compositives es poden llegir en certa autonomia. El resultat de l'abstracció és per tant una recomposició que es tradueix en acendrament, que permet despullar el conjunt inicial de la unitat, que amagava els seus elements propis. Dominar aquest concepte permet als mestres avanços en l'espai arquitectònic, des de la ruptura de la caixa de Frank Lloyd Wright, a les teories Neoplasticistes de Theo van Doesburg, passant per les teories de Le Corbusier. En aquest aportament em semblava equànime i apropiat reconéixer la llavor de Carlo Scarpa. La seua obra transmet una emoció que va més enllà de la bellesa, superant la magnitud de l'escala. La seua intenció va ser sempre fugir de la mediocritat i superar la bellesa coneguda, però ¿Com s'aconsegueix superar la bellesa coneguda? Aquesta investigació pretén demostrar la utilització del mecanisme de l'abstracció per a aquest fi. L'objectiu és per tant, vincular la seua metodologia projectual als mecanismes elementals de l'abstracció. Al mateix temps que fuig del figuratiu, no rebutja l'ornamental, a través d'una depurada geometria que encaixa en els preceptes de l'arquitectura moderna, mantenint-se en el ranc del decorós. La capacitat d'anàlisis i de deducció de l'essència del dissenyat li permet intervenir en restauracions arquitectòniques precursores i tractar el tema Museogràfic amb exquisita sensibilitat. Cadascuna de les solucions s'estudia amb minuciositat, amb l'objectiu de realçar les qualitats, tant de l'obra arquitectònica, com de la peça d'art a exposar. Existeix puix una doble lectura en aquesta investigació. Per un costat el mateix concepte de l'abstracte i per altre, l'aplicació del mateix a l'obra de Carlo Scarpa amb l'objectiu de transcendir la bellesa.
Ros Campos, A. (2016). Carlo Scarpa: La abstracción como ornamento de lo sublime [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/63149
TESIS
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Loza, Christian. "Cross Language Information Retrieval for Languages with Scarce Resources." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12157/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our generation has experienced one of the most dramatic changes in how society communicates. Today, we have online information on almost any imaginable topic. However, most of this information is available in only a few dozen languages. In this thesis, I explore the use of parallel texts to enable cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) for languages with scarce resources. To build the parallel text I use the Bible. I evaluate different variables and their impact on the resulting CLIR system, specifically: (1) the CLIR results when using different amounts of parallel text; (2) the role of paraphrasing on the quality of the CLIR output; (3) the impact on accuracy when translating the query versus translating the collection of documents; and finally (4) how the results are affected by the use of different dialects. The results show that all these variables have a direct impact on the quality of the CLIR system.
33
Ormaux, Serge. "Paysages et géotypes quelques analyses entre Somme et Scarpe." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595034k.
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Loza, Christian E. Mihalcea Rada F. "Cross language information retrieval for languages with scarce resources." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12157.
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35
Interlandi, Silvia. "Produzione di biogas dagli scarti della lavorazione degli agrumi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7926/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La presente tesi di laurea tratta la valorizzazione degli scarti della lavorazione degli agrumi. Tutti i processi di trasformazione utilizzati nell’industria agrumaria danno origine a tre prodotti principali: succo, olio essenziale e pastazzo; il terzo, sottoprodotto a basso valore o scarto di lavorazione, è una biomassa vegetale costituita da scorze, detriti di polpa, semi e frutti di scarto. Questo lavoro si è concentrato su due aspetti fondamentali: lo studio dei possibili utilizzi del pastazzo di agrumi, che si può considerare una fonte di sostanze ad alto valore aggiunto, e la valorizzazione di tale sottoprodotto mediante digestione anaerobica per la produzione di biogas. La composizione chimica degli scarti della lavorazione degli agrumi offre ampie possibilità di utilizzazione: come alimento zootecnico, per la produzione di compost, per l’estrazione di pectina, fibre alimentari e oli essenziali, per il recupero di limonene e per produrre bioetanolo. Infine di recente il pastazzo è stato individuato come componente nella produzione di biogas, attraverso la digestione anaerobica; ciò risulta coerente con il quadro normativo riguardante gli incentivi per la produzione di biogas. E' stato analizzato un caso pratico, l’impianto di produzione di biogas alimentato a biomasse, situato in Sicilia, in contrada Nuova Scala a Mussomeli (CL); l’impianto ha una potenza di 999 KW ed è attivo dal 31 Dicembre 2012. In generale, affinchè si realizzi un corretto dimensionamento di un impianto di produzione di biogas, è necessario conoscere il potenziale metanigeno, che esprime la quantità di biogas metano massimo potenzialmente ottenibile da una biomassa, e la quantità di biomasse disponibili. In particolare, per l’impianto in questione, sono stati elaborati dati relativi alle analisi chimiche condotte sulle singole matrici in input all’impianto, sulla base delle quali è possibile dare un primo giudizio di fermentescibilità dei vari substrati e della rispettiva resa in biogas.
36
Manrique-Alba, Àngela. "Ecohydrological relationships in pine forests in water-scarce environments." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/71184.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El trabajo realizado incluye varias aproximaciones para comprender las respuestas de los bosques de pinares de Pinus halepensis a diferentes condiciones ambientales y en concreto a las esperadas de acuerdo con las previsiones del cambio climático. En primer lugar, se propone una herramienta que permite la aplicación de una gestión forestal hidrológicamente orientada mediante el uso de datos LiDAR. En segundo lugar, se estudia en qué medida la humedad del suelo representa una variable adecuada para explicar las variaciones de crecimiento de Pinus halepensis en un gradiente de aridez. Además, se analizan las diferentes repuestas de la variable transpiración en esta especie, dependiendo de las características de sitio e intensidad de tratamiento de clara aplicado. Por último, se examina el crecimiento y el almacenamiento de agua en el tallo en un entorno de un experimento manipulativo con condiciones realistas de cambio climático en dos coníferas del semiárido.
37
Feletti, Alessia Massimiliana <1994>. "Nonsense: implicazioni filosofiche dello scarto fra testo e significato." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10807.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Questo elaborato si ripropone di esaminare le implicazioni filosofiche dell’utilizzo del nonsense da parte di alcuni autori. Da un lato si analizzeranno delle opere non strettamente filosofiche in cui viene fatto un uso esplicito del nonsense, come in quelle di Lewis Carroll e Samuel Beckett, dall’altro si prenderanno in considerazione le filosofie di autori che ne fanno uso solamente in senso lato, ma che sono comunque riconducibili ad esso per alcuni aspetti. Riguardo a questo secondo caso, l’attenzione sarà focalizzata soprattutto sulla filosofia wittgensteiniana del Tractatus logico-philosophicus, opera nella quale risalta con particolare evidenza lo scarto che l’autore pone fra il testo, definito come “unsinnig” e ciò che giace al di sotto di esso.
38
Kilian, Susanne. "SCARC ein verallgemeinertes Gebietszerlegungs-Mehrgitterkonzept auf Parallelrechnern /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966060199.
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39
Espregueira, Themudo Raquel. "Clinically Unrecognized Myocardial Scars Detected by MRI." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för radiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A high percentage of unrecognized myocardial infarctions (UMIs) seen at delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) are not detected by ECG. DE-MRI-detected UMIs are independent predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. In an elderly population, subjects with DE-MRI-detected UMIs do not have increased Framingham risk score or increased prevalence of artery stenosis in whole-body MR angiography as patients with recognized myocardial infarctions (RMI). Further investigation on the pathogenesis of DE-MRI-detected UMIs focus on the need to decide the management of these subjects. From the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors, 248 subjects underwent cardiac MRI at age 70 and from these, 185 underwent a 5-year follow-up MR. DE-MRI-detected UMIs had lower signal intensity than RMIs probably reflecting different composition of their tissues. Subjects with UMI scar had increased levels of NT-proBNP, a predictor of increased risk of cardiovascular events. After 5 years, UMI scars were in their majority seen on the same location and with the same size, and their prevalence increased. Subjects with an UMI did not differ from subjects without a scar in terms of coronary stenosis assessed by computed tomography angiography or signs of ischemia on exercise test. In conclusion, DE-MRI-detected UMI scars are a frequent finding in an elderly population and its prevalence increases with age. The increased levels of NT-proBNP indicate that subjects with an UMI might have an increased rate of future cardiovascular events but the findings that these scars might have a different contrast distribution volume on MRI and that they are not related to CAD are indicators that they probably have a different etiology from RMIs. The prognosis of DE-MRI detected UMI scars in the general population is still unknown and therefore the clinical management of these individuals is yet to be defined.
40
Hughes, Gordon. "Scare quotes, towards an ontology of antisemitism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ42241.pdf.
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PEREIRA, LUANA FLORES. "INVISIBLE SCARS: THE IMPACT OF INFANT LEUKEMIA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30395@1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da leucemia infantil na subjetividade das crianças. Assim, busca descrever os aspectos particulares desta experiência que inclui tratamentos agressivos, uma série de restrições, procedimentos médicos invasivos e dolorosos, além do risco de morte. A pesquisa pretende então investigar como estes aspectos incidem sobre a criança, ainda em fase de desenvolvimento, considerando que tais vivências apresentam um potencial traumático pelo desafio imposto pela doença e hospitalização. O trabalho é norteado pela teoria psicanalítica e apresenta o conceito de trauma principalmente em Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott e Sándor Ferenczi. Para escutar sobre as experiências das crianças internadas em tratamento para leucemia, foram realizadas entrevistas semiabertas no Hemorio (Instituto Estadual de Hematologia Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti). Uma análise qualitativa das narrativas evidencia os aspectos próprios do trauma, como o excesso, o desamparo, as invasões, o desmentido e a ameaça de morte. Assim, diante do impacto, resta a necessidade de elaboração: através do narrar e do brincar.
The present study aims to analyze the impact of infant leukemia on children s subjectivity. Thus, it attempts to describe the particular aspects of this experience that includes an aggressive treatment, a series of restrictions, invasive and painful medical procedures, and the risk of death. The research aims to investigate how these aspects relate to the child still in the development period, considering these experiences as presenting a traumatic potential for the challenge imposed by the disease and hospitalization. This work is guided by the psychoanalytic theory and introduces the concept of trauma by Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott and Sándor Ferenczi. To listen about the experiences of children in treatment for leukemia, semi open interviews were conducted in Hemorio (State Institute of Hematology Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti). A qualitative analysis of the narratives highlights the specific aspects of trauma, such as the excess, the helplessness, the invasions, the denial and the threat of death. Thus, from the impact remains the need to elaborate: through narrating and playing.
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Catanzarite, Lori Frances. "Fractured Environments: The Scars of our Existence." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1511686951768637.
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Scardovi, Fabio. "Produzione di enzimi da scarti agro-alimentari tramite Pleurotus ostreatus." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4372/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nel corso del tirocinio di tesi si sono studiate nuove metodologie per la produzione di enzimi idrolitici per matrici lignocellulosiche vegetali di scarto.
In primis è stato valutato un nuovo metodo di produzione enzimatica utilizzando il fungo basidiomicete Pleurotus ostreatus all’interno di un fermentatore in stato solido (SSF) movimentando periodicamente il substrato mediante un'estrusione meccanica e confrontando i risultati con esperimenti analoghi ma privi di estrusione.
In seguito si è valutata l’attività enzimatica prodotta dal fungo Agaricus bisporus (il comune Champignons) cresciuto tramite una fermentazione in stato solido priva di qualsiasi movimentazione.
Infine gli estratti enzimatici ricavati dalle prove precedenti sono stati utilizzati allo scopo di idrolizzare matrici vegetali di scarto provenienti dall’industria cerealicola e viti-vinicola.
I risultati del lavoro risultano promettenti e si osserva come sia gli estratti ricavati da fermentazioni su stato solido dinamiche (con Pleurotus) che quelle su stato solido statiche (con Agaricus) sono in grado di favorire l’idrolisi e la degradazione delle matrici vegetali favorendo la fuoriuscita di componenti di interesse come zuccheri riducenti e polifenoli.
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Baroncini, Federica. "Nuovi prodotti da scarti di Punica granatum per formulazioni biocosmetiche." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18719/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this graduate work two biorefinery approaches are studied for the valorisation of an agri–food waste of italian Punica granatum (pomegranate). The aim of this study is to produce a high value–added ingredient to functionalize a biocosmetic. The mesocarp, the non–edible part of the fruit, is an important source of bioactive substances such as polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acid and polysaccharides with antioxidant, antimicrobical, antibacterial, anti– inflammatory and anticancer properties. In this study the polysaccharide structure of the mesocarp cell wall is broken down to make these compounds bioavailable using molecular bioliquefaction, a biotechnological method with a low environmental impact that exploits enzymatic hydrolisis.
The molecular bioliquefaction tests are conducted with two different commercial enzyme preparations. In conclusion, the most suitable extraction method to obtain a cosmetic emulsion with the highest antioxidant power is identified.
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Serafini, Alba. "Quantificazione e mappatura degli scarti del pesce in Emilia-Romagna." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20628/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Questa tesi ha lo scopo di effettuare una prima indagine riguardo alla disponibilità di scarto dalla lavorazione dei prodotti ittici in termini quantitativi entro i confini della Regione Emilia-Romagna, individuando le aree geografiche e gli attori della filiera più interessanti in termini di produzione di scarto. Si sono inoltre valutati una serie di metodi per la raccolta di questi dati.
Per raggiungere lo scopo, si sono messe in atto due metodologie principali: una stima dello scarto a partire da dati di consumo dei prodotti ittici; un’indagine sulla produzione di scarto attraverso interviste dirette ai diversi operatori della filiera (industria di trasformazione, pescherie, GDO, ristoranti).
È emersa una produzione di scarto in Regione di circa 7.000 Mg/anno, che a seconda del tipo di proiezione può variare tra i circa 2.000 Mg/anno fino ad un massimo di 14.000 Mg/anno, concentrati nelle province di Bologna, Rimini, Forlì-Cesena e Reggio nell’Emilia. GDO e ristoranti sono stati individuati come gli attori della filiera più interessanti in termini di quantità di scarto prodotto; i ristoranti in particolare, essendo gli unici attori a gestire lo scarto come rifiuto e non come sottoprodotto, sarebbero i più rilevanti dal punto di vista ambientale.
Sono infine state proposte delle raccomandazioni per l'avanzamento di questo studio, che dovrebbe aumentare la disponibilità di dati, sia quantitativi che qualitativi, riguardanti sia la produzione degli scarti sia la domanda degli stessi. Anche se più dispendiosi in termini di tempo, i metodi di raccolta più efficaci sembrano essere quelli diretti, motivo per cui i dati di questa tesi possono servire per indirizzare l’indagine. Il coinvolgimento di intermediari (istituzioni e associazioni di categoria) e iniziative per fornire una maggiore informazione sul tema, appare necessario per rendere più efficace la valorizzazione di questo scarto.
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Brodtkorb, Thor-Henrik. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of health technologies when evidence is scarce." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk teknologiutvärdering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56595.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Given the increasing pressures on health care budgets, economic evaluation is used in many countries to assist decision-making regarding the optimal use of competing health care technologies. Although the standard methods of estimating cost-effectiveness underpinning these decisions have gained widespread acceptance, concerns have been raised that many technologies would not be considered for funding, due to scarcity of evidence. However, as long as the amount and quality of evidence used for the analysis are properly characterized, scarce evidence per se should not be seen as a hindrance to perform cost-effectiveness analyses. Characterizing uncertainty appropriately, though, may pose a challenge even when there is a large body of evidence available, and even more so when evidence is scarce. The aims of this thesis are to apply a methodological framework of cost-effectiveness analysis and explore methods for characterising uncertainty when evidence is scarce. Three case studies associated with limited evidence provide economic evaluations on current decision problems, investigate the feasibility of using the framework, and explore methods for characterizing uncertainty when evidence is scarce. The results of the case studies showed that, given current information, providing transfemoral amputees with C-Leg and Airsonett Airshower to patients with perennial allergic asthma could be considered cost-effective whereas screening for hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy among young athletes is unlikely to be cost-effective. In the cases of C-Leg and Airsonett Airshower conducting further research is likely to be cost-effective. The case studies indicate that it is feasible to apply methods of cost-effectiveness in health care for technologies not commonly evaluated due to lack of evidence. The analysis showed that failing to account for individual experts’ might have a substantial effect on the interpretation of the results of cost-effectiveness analysis. Formal expert elicitation is a promising method of characterizing uncertainty when evidence is missing, and thus enable cost-effectiveness and value of further research to be appropriately estimated in such situations. In conclusion, this thesis shows that scarcity of evidence should not preclude the use of cost-effectiveness analysis. On the contrary, in such cases it is probably more important than ever to use a framework that enable us to define key parameters for a decision problem and identify available evidence in order to determine cost-effectiveness given current information and provide guidance on further data collection.In the list of included articles in the Ph.D. thesis the title of manuscript IV is "Cost-effectiveness of screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes" but the title of the included article in the Ph.D. thesis is "Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes: A cost-effectiveness analysis".
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Ängeby, Kristian. "Tuberculosis: diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing where resources are scarce /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-670-7/.
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Cicala, Steven Joseph. "Essays on the Allocation of Scarce Resources among Competing Ends." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10994.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The first chapter of this dissertation evaluates changes in fuel procurement practices by coal- and natural gas-fired electricity generating plants in the United States following state-level legislation that ended cost-of-service regulation. I construct a detailed dataset that links confidential, shipment-level data on the price of virtually all of the fuel delivered to coal- and gas-fired electricity plants in the United States from 1990-2009, with plant-level data on operations and regulatory status. I find the price of coal drops by 12% at deregulated plants relative to matched plants that were not subject to any regulatory change, whereas there was no relative drop in the price of gas. I show how my results lend support to theories of asymmetric information between generators and regulators, regulatory capture, and capital-bias as important sources of distortion under cost-of-service regulation. The second chapter analyses changes in the cost of generating electricity following the introduction of regional wholesale electricity markets. I use proxy methods based on Olley and Pakes (1996); Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) to estimate fuel-specific production functions, and construct the Olley-Pakes productivity index to decompose costs in to within-plant productivity and allocative efficiency changes. I then apply a potential outcomes framework to the derived productivity estimates, allowing the construction of counterfactual costs that explicitly account for permanent differences between market and non-market areas and common transitory shocks. I find that the introduction of market-based dispatch methods has reduced fossil-fuel production costs by upwards of 15%. The third chapter is based on joint work with Roland Fryer and Jorg Spenkuch. We develop a Roy model in which individuals sort into peer groups based on comparative advantage. Two key results emerge: First, when comparative advantage is the guiding principle of peer group organization, the effect of moving a student into an environment with higher-achieving peers depends on where in the ability distribution she falls and the effective wages that clear the social market. As a result, linear in means estimates of peer effects are not identified. We show that the model’s testable prediction in the presence of this confounding issue is borne out in two data sets.Economics
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Saif, A.-A. M. "Optimization of scarce water resources for irrigation in P.D.R. Yemen." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380567.
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Stults, Erica Suzanne. "Minimizing Water Requirements for Electricity Generation in Water Scarce Areas." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Renewable energy technologies are infrequently evaluated with regard to water use for electricity generation; however traditional thermoelectric power generation uses approximately 50% of the water withdrawn in the US. To address problems of this water-energy nexus, we explore the replacement of existing electricity generation plants by renewable technologies, and the effect of this replacement on water use. Using a binary mixed integer linear programing model, we explore how the replacement of traditional thermoelectric generation with renewable solar and wind technologies can reduce future water demands for power generation. Three case study scenarios focusing on the replacement of the J.T. Deely station, a retiring coal thermoelectric generation plant in Texas, demonstrate a significant decrease in water requirements. In each case study, we replace the generation capacity of the retiring thermoelectric plant with three potential alternative technologies: solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, concentrated solar power (CSP), and horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). The first case study, which was performed with no limits on the land area available for new renewable energy installations, demonstrated the water savings potential of a range of different technology portfolios. Our second case study examined the replacement while constrained by finite available land area for new installations. This demonstrated the trade-off between land-use efficient technologies with water-use efficiency. Results from our third case study, which explored the replacement of a gas-fired plant with a capacity equivalent to the J. T. Deely station, demonstrated that more water efficient thermoelectric generation technologies produce lower percentages of water savings, and in two scenarios the proposed portfolios require more water than the replaced plant. Comparison of multiple aspects of our model results with those from existing models shows comparable values for land-use per unit of electricity generation and proposed plant size. An evaluation of the estimated hourly generation of our model’s proposed solution suggests the need for a trade-off between the intermittency of a technology and the required water use. As we estimate the “costs� of alternative energy, our results suggest the need to include in the expression the resulting water savings.