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Готові списки джерел за темами / Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry / Статті в журналах

Статті в журналах з теми "Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Alveringh, D., R. G. P. Sanders, R. J. Wiegerink, and J. C. Lötters. "Phase relation recovery for scanning laser Doppler vibrometry." Measurement Science and Technology 28, no. 2 (January 12, 2017): 025208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aa53a3.

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2

Sprecher, Daniel, and Christian Hof. "Primary accelerometer calibration by scanning laser Doppler vibrometry." Measurement Science and Technology 31, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 065006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ab66da.

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3

Ball, Geoffrey R., Alex Huber, and Richard L. Goode. "Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry of the Middle Ear Ossicles." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 76, no. 4 (April 1997): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556139707600409.

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This paper describes measurements of the vibratory modes of the middle ear ossicles made with a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Previous studies of the middle ear ossicles with single-point laser Doppler measurements have raised questions regarding the vibrational modes of the ossicular chain. Single-point analysis methods do not have the ability to measure multiple points on the ossicles and, consequently, have limited ability to simultaneously record relative phase information at these points. Using a Polytec Model PSV-100, detailed measurements of the ossicular chain have been completed in the human temporal bone model. This model, when driven with a middle ear transducer, provides detailed three-dimensional data of the vibrational patterns of the middle ear ossicles. Implications for middle ear implantable devices are discussed.

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4

Orta, Adil Han, Mathias Kersemans, and Koen Van Den Abeele. "On the Identification of Orthotropic Elastic Stiffness Using 3D Guided Wavefield Data." Sensors 22, no. 14 (July 15, 2022): 5314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145314.

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Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry is a widely adopted method to measure the full-field out-of-plane vibrational response of materials in view of detecting defects or estimating stiffness parameters. Recent technological developments have led to performant 3D scanning laser Doppler vibrometers, which give access to both out-of-plane and in-plane vibrational velocity components. In the present study, the effect of using (i) the in-plane component; (ii) the out-of-plane component; and (iii) both the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the recorded vibration velocity on the inverse determination of the stiffness parameters is studied. Input data were gathered from a series of numerical simulations using a finite element model (COMSOL), as well as from broadband experimental measurements by means of a 3D infrared scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Various materials were studied, including carbon epoxy composite and wood materials. The full-field vibrational velocity response is converted to the frequency-wavenumber domain by means of Fourier transform, from which complex wavenumbers are extracted using the matrix pencil decomposition method. To infer the orthotropic elastic stiffness tensor, an inversion procedure is developed by coupling the semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) as a forward method to the particle swarm optimizer. It is shown that accounting for the in-plane velocity component leads to a more accurate and robust determination of the orthotropic elastic stiffness parameters.

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5

Martarelli, Milena, and David J. Ewins. "Continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry and speckle noise occurrence." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 20, no. 8 (November 2006): 2277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2005.06.003.

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6

Castellini, Paolo, Milena Martarelli, and Enrico Primo Tomasini. "Laser Doppler Vibrometry for Structural Dynamic Characterization of Rotating Machinery." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.538.

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Анотація:

Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) is a well established technique able to accurately measure vibration velocity of any kind of structure in remote, i.e. non-intrusive way, this allowing to overcome the problem of mass loading, typical of contact sensors as accelerometers and strain-gauges, which has strong influence in case of lightweight structures. Moreover, the possibility of driving automatically the laser beam, by means of moving mirrors controlled with galvanometer servo-actuators, permits to perform scanning measurements at different locations with high spatial resolution and reduced testing time and easily measure the operational deflection shapes (ODS) of the scanned surface. The exploitation of the moving mirrors has allowed to drive the laser beam in a continuous way making it to scan continuously over the structure surface and cover it completely. This way of operation, named Continuous Scanning LDV, permits to perform full-field measurements, the LDV output carrying simultaneously the time-and spatial-dependent information related to the structural vibration. A complementary strategy making use of the LDV coupled with moving mirrors is the so called Tracking LDV, where the laser beam is driven to follow a moving object whose trajectory must be known a priori or measured during operation (e.g. via an encoder in the case of rotating structures). In this paper some applications of the Tracking Laser Doppler Vibrometry (TLDV) and Continuous Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry (CSLDV) will be described they concerning, specifically modal and vibrational analysis of rotating structures.

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7

Kilpatrick, James M., and Vladimir B. Markov. "Full-Field Laser Vibrometer for Instantaneous Vibration Measurement and Non-Destructive Inspection." Key Engineering Materials 437 (May 2010): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.407.

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We describe a system for real-time, full-field vibrometry, incorporating features of high-speed electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). Based on a 2D interferometric sensor array, comprising 16×16 parallel illumination and detection channels, the matrix laser vibrometer (MLV), captures full-field data instantaneously, without beam scanning. The instrument design draws on the advantages of scale offered by modern telecommunications fiber optic and digital electronics. The resulting architecture, comprising a compact measurement probe linked by fiber optic umbilical to a remote electronics unit, facilitates practical application to the full-field study of transient vibrations and rapid non-destructive inspection of composite materials.

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8

Hancox, J., B. C. Staples, and R. J. Parker. "The Application of Scanning Laser Doppler vibrometry in Aero-Engine Development." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 209, no. 1 (January 1995): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_268_02.

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9

Chiariotti, P., M. Martarelli, and P. Castellini. "Exploiting Continuous Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry in timing belt dynamic characterisation." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 86 (March 2017): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.01.001.

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10

Derusova, Daria A., Vladimir P. Vavilov, Nikolay V. Druzhinin, Victor Y. Shpil’noi, and Alexey N. Pestryakov. "Detecting Defects in Composite Polymers by Using 3D Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry." Materials 15, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 7176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207176.

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Анотація:

The technique of 3D scanning laser Doppler vibrometry has recently appeared as a promising tool of nondestructive evaluation of discontinuity-like defects in composite polymers. The use of the phenomenon of local defect resonance (LDR) allows intensifying vibrations in defect zones, which can reliably be detected by means of laser vibrometry. The resonance acoustic stimulation of structural defects in materials causes compression/tension deformations, which are essentially lower than the material tensile strength, thus proving a nondestructive character of the LDR technique. In this study, the propagation of elastic waves in composites and their interaction with structural inhomogeneities were analyzed by performing 3D scanning of vibrations in Fast Fourier Transform mode. At each scanning point, the in-plane (x, y) and out of plane (z) vibration components were analyzed. The acoustic stimulation was fulfilled by generating a frequency-modulated harmonic signal in the range from 50 Hz to 100 kHz. In the case of a reference plate with a flat bottom hole, the resonance frequencies for all (x, y, and z) components were identical. In the case of impact damage in a carbon fiber reinforced plastic sample, the predominant contribution into total vibrations was provided by compression/tension deformations (x, y vibration component) to compare with vibrations by the z coordinate. In general, inspection results were enhanced by analyzing total vibration patterns obtained by averaging results at some resonance frequencies.

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11

Kudela, Pawel, Tomasz Wandowski, Pawel Malinowski, and Wieslaw Ostachowicz. "Application of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry for delamination detection in composite structures." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 99 (December 2017): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2016.10.022.

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12

Chiariotti, P., G. M. Revel, and M. Martarelli. "Wavelet Processing of Continuous Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry data in Non-Destructive Testing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 658 (November 18, 2015): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/658/1/012001.

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13

Wildy, S. J. "Accuracy of Quasi-Static Bending Strain Measurement using Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry (SLDV)." Experimental Techniques 40, no. 6 (October 14, 2016): 1461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40799-016-0156-z.

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14

Amraoui, M. Y., and N. A. J. Lieven. "Laser Vibrometry Based Detection of Delaminations in Glass/Epoxy Composites." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 126, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 430–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1687390.

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The significant progress in sensing and data processing technology has made monitoring and damage detection of engineering structures increasingly attractive. This paper presents a reliable in-situ damage detection technique, which is based upon dynamic analysis of a composite structure using bonded piezo-ceramic patches as actuators and a Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer as a sensor. In addition, Neural Networks have been considered to be a viable tool for handling the large number of data. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks, was trained and tested using the slope, the y-intercept of the linear fit of the root mean square of the Frequency Response Function FRFrms and the Deviation of the FRFrms of a candidate composite structure.

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15

Li, William Xinzuo, Larry D. Mitchell, Min-Fu Lu, and Michael L. Neumann. "Mapping Nonsquare and Unevenly Spaced 2-D SLDV Data of an Aircraft Fuselage by Using Spatial DFT-IDFT Techniques." Shock and Vibration 3, no. 2 (1996): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/195675.

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The scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (SLDV) technique provides velocities of a structure at 2-dimensional (2-D) angularly evenly spaced (in the laser scanning sense) data points. This causes an unevenly spaced data point distribution on the surface of the test structure. In many cases evenly spaced data point distribution with square or rectangular grids is highly desirable. In this study the SLDV velocity data of a partial surface area of an aircraft fuselage were mapped to truly spatial evenly spaced coordinates by using the spatial DFT-IDFT technique with minimum distortion. This 2-D data mapping technique certainly is not limited to the fuselage, hut can he very useful for many other 3-D structures.

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16

Gates, Richard S., William A. Osborn, and Gordon A. Shaw. "Accurate flexural spring constant calibration of colloid probe cantilevers using scanning laser Doppler vibrometry." Nanotechnology 26, no. 23 (May 20, 2015): 235704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/26/23/235704.

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17

Rothberg, S. J., and M. Tirabassi. "Development of a scanning head for laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) using dual optical wedges." Review of Scientific Instruments 84, no. 12 (December 2013): 121704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4845555.

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18

Zhu, Jinghao, Yanlu Li, and Roel Baets. "Mitigation of speckle noise in laser Doppler vibrometry by using a scanning average method." Optics Letters 44, no. 7 (April 1, 2019): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.001860.

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19

Halkon, B. J., and S. J. Rothberg. "Vibration measurements using continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry: theoretical velocity sensitivity analysis with applications." Measurement Science and Technology 14, no. 3 (February 18, 2003): 382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/14/3/318.

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20

Chiariotti, P., M. Martarelli, and G. M. Revel. "Delamination detection by Multi-Level Wavelet Processing of Continuous Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry data." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 99 (December 2017): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2017.01.002.

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21

McLeod, R. W. J., W. H. Roberts, I. A. Perry, B. E. Richardson, and J. F. Culling. "Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry of the cranium when stimulated by a B71 bone transducer." Applied Acoustics 142 (December 2018): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.07.033.

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22

Cray, Benjamin A., Stephen E. Forsythe, Andrew J. Hull, and Lee E. Estes. "A scanning laser Doppler vibrometer acoustic array." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 1 (July 2006): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2207569.

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23

Schwarz, S., B. Hartmann, J. Sauer, R. Burgkart, S. Sudhop, D. J. Rixen, and H. Clausen-Schaumann. "Contactless Vibrational Analysis of Transparent Hydrogel Structures Using Laser-Doppler Vibrometry." Experimental Mechanics 60, no. 8 (July 13, 2020): 1067–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-020-00626-0.

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Abstract Background Investigating the mechanical properties of biological and biocompatible hydrogels is important in tissue engineering and biofabrication. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and compression testing are routinely used to determine mechanical properties of tissue and tissue constructs. However, these techniques are slow and require mechanical contact with the sample, rendering in situ measurements difficult. Objective We therefore aim at a fast and contactless method for determining the mechanical properties of biological hydrogels and investigate if an optical method, like Laser-Doppler vibrometry (LDV), can accomplish this task. Methods LDV is a fast contactless method for mechanical analysis. Nonetheless, LDV setups operating in the visible range of the optical spectrum are difficult to use for transparent materials, such as biological hydrogels, because LDV relies on reflected or back-scattered light from the sample. We therefore use a near-infrared (NIR) scanning LDV to determine the vibration spectra of cylindrical gelatin discs of different gelatin concentration and compare the results to AFM data and unconfined compression testing. Results We show that the gelatin test structures can be analyzed, using a NIR LDV, and the Young’s moduli can be deduced from the resonance frequencies of the first normal (0,1) mode of these structures. As expected, the frequency of this mode increases with the square root of the Young’s modulus and the damping constant increases exponentially with gelatin concentration, which underpins the validity of our approach. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that NIR wavelengths are suitable for a fast, contactless vibrational analysis of transparent hydrogel structures.

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24

Scislo, Lukasz. "Single-Point and Surface Quality Assessment Algorithm in Continuous Production with the Use of 3D Laser Doppler Scanning Vibrometry System." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031263.

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In the current economic situation of many companies, the need to reduce production time is a critical element. However, this cannot usually be carried out with a decrease in the quality of the final product. This article presents a possible solution for reducing the time needed for quality management. With the use of modern solutions such as optical measurement systems, quality control can be performed without additional stoppage time. In the case of single-point measurement with the Laser Doppler Vibrometer, the measurement can be performed quickly in a matter of milliseconds for each product. This article presents an example of such quality assurance measurements, with the use of fully non-contact methods, together with a proposed evaluation criterion for quality assessment. The proposed quality assurance algorithm allows the comparison of each of the products’ modal responses with the ideal template and stores this information in the cloud, e.g., in the company’s supervisory system. This makes the presented 3D Laser Vibrometry System an advanced instrumentation and data acquisition system which is the perfect application in the case of a factory quality management system based on the Industry 4.0 concept.

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25

Sandu, Adriana, Lucian Bogatu, Georgeta Ionascu, Elena Manea, and Viorel Gheorghe. "Modeling, simulation and experimental research for MEMS cantilevers of complex geometry." MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929008002.

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The fundamental resonant frequencies for MEMS cantilevers of complex geometry (paddle-shaped rectangular microbeam, homogeneous on a part of length and nonhomogeneous, layered structure to the wider part of the beam) are calculated. A method of analytical calculation using the Mohr-Maxwell theory is proposed for homogeneous microcantilevers, which is then adapted for non-homogeneous structures. The analytical model has been validated by numerical simulation using finite element method (FEM). The experimental validation has been made using laser-Doppler vibrometry (LDV) by scanning with the Polytec MSA-500 system.

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26

Abramov, O. A., V. V. Emelyanov, O. G. Kutsenko, G. K. Otto, K. V. Otto, and L. K. Yarovoi. "Laser doppler vibrometer with remote object scanning capability." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 1 (2019): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2019/1.2.

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A laser Doppler vibrometer was created with the ability to measure the vibrations of distant objects up to 250 meters away. The vibrometer is provided with a scanning system for automatic vibration measurement in an array of points. The control program moves the probe beam according to the research protocol, processes and store information. To demonstrate the capabilities of the system, we studied of the amplitude distribution of vibrations and the distribution of longitudinal stresses in a cantilevered tube located at a distance of 22 meters. The measurements at different frequencies are in good agreement with the numerical calculations performed by finite element code CalculiX.

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27

Ngoi, B. K. A., K. Venkatakrishnan, B. Tan, N. Noël, Z. W. Shen, and C. S. Chin. "Two-axis-scanning laser Doppler vibrometer for microstructure." Optics Communications 182, no. 1-3 (August 2000): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(00)00762-8.

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28

STANBRIDGE, A. B., and D. J. EWINS. "MODAL TESTING USING A SCANNING LASER DOPPLER VIBROMETER." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 13, no. 2 (March 1999): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mssp.1998.1209.

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29

Chiariotti, Paolo, Milena Martarelli, and Gian Marco Revel. "Exploiting continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (CSLDV) in time domain correlation methods for noise source identification." Measurement Science and Technology 25, no. 7 (May 29, 2014): 075204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/25/7/075204.

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30

Wang, Xuelin, Xiying Guan, Mario Pineda, and Rong Z. Gan. "Motion of tympanic membrane in guinea pig otitis media model measured by scanning laser Doppler vibrometry." Hearing Research 339 (September 2016): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2016.07.015.

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31

Hasheminejad, Navid, Cedric Vuye, Alexandros Margaritis, Wim Van den bergh, Joris Dirckx, and Steve Vanlanduit. "Characterizing the Complex Modulus of Asphalt Concrete Using a Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer." Materials 12, no. 21 (October 29, 2019): 3542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213542.

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Asphalt mixtures are the most common types of pavement material used in the world. Characterizing the mechanical behavior of these complex materials is essential in durable, cost-effective, and sustainable pavement design. One of the important properties of asphalt mixtures is the complex modulus of elasticity. This parameter can be determined using different standardized methods, which are often expensive, complex to perform, and sensitive to the experimental setup. Therefore, recently, there has been considerable interest in developing new, easier, and more comprehensive techniques to investigate the mechanical properties of asphalt. The main objective of this research is to develop an alternative method based on an optical measurement technique (laser Doppler vibrometry). To do this, a frequency domain system identification technique based on analytical formulas (Timoshenko’s beam theory) is used to determine the complex modulus of asphalt concrete at its natural frequencies and to form their master curve. The master curve plotted by this method is compared with the master curve obtained from the standard four-point bending test, and it is concluded that the proposed method is able to produce a master curve similar to the master curve of the standard method. Therefore, the proposed method has the potential to replace the standard stiffness tests. Furthermore, the standard stiffness methods usually conduct experiments up to the maximum frequency of 30 Hz. However, the proposed method can provide accurate complex modulus at high frequencies. This makes an accurate comparison between the properties of the asphalt mixtures in high frequencies and the development of more accurate theoretical models for simulation of specimens possible.

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32

Balasubramaniam, Kaleeswaran, Shirsendu Sikdar, Piotr Fiborek, and Pawel H. Malinowski. "Ultrasonic Guided Wave Signal Based Nondestructive Testing of a Bonded Composite Structure Using Piezoelectric Transducers." Signals 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/signals2010002.

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Анотація:

This paper presents ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) propagation-based nondestructive testing (NDT) of an adhesively bonded composite structure (ACS). In the process, a series of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (SLDV)-based laboratory experiments and time-domain spectral element method (SEM)-based numerical simulations were carried out on an ACS with barely visible impact damage (BVID) and a hole. A good agreement was observed between the numerical and experimental UGW signals in the cases studied. Finally, a full-field and elliptical signal processing method-based NDT strategy was proposed that uses differential damage features of the registered UGW signals to identify different types of BVIDs in the ACS.

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33

La, Jongpil. "Continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometer for mode shape analysis." Optical Engineering 42, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1533794.

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34

Venkatakrishnan, K., B. Tan, and B. K. A. Ngoi. "Two-axis-scanning laser Doppler vibrometer for precision engineering." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 38, no. 3-4 (September 2002): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-8166(02)00008-8.

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35

Abe, Touma, and Tsuneyoshi Sugimoto. "Extremely Shallow Underground Imaging Using Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 48, no. 7 (July 21, 2009): 07GC07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.07gc07.

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36

Vanherzeele, Joris, Steve Vanlanduit, and Patrick Guillaume. "Acoustic source identification using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 45, no. 6 (June 2007): 742–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2006.10.008.

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37

Landahl, Sandra, and Leon A. Terry. "Detection of internal defects in onion bulbs by means of single-point and scanning laser Doppler vibrometry." Biosystems Engineering 221 (September 2022): 258–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2022.07.004.

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38

Salman, Muhammad, and Karim Sabra. "Investigation of continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry for non‐contact measurement of linear and angular surface deflections." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129, no. 4 (April 2011): 2645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3588817.

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39

P. Providakis, Costas, Stavros E. Tsistrakis, and Evangelos V. Liarakos. "2-D Statistical Damage Detection of Concrete Structures Combining Smart Piezoelectric Materials and Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry." Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 12, no. 4 (2018): 257–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/sdhm.2018.04607.

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40

Darwish, Abdel, Benjamin Halkon, and Sebastian Oberst. "Non-Contact Vibro-Acoustic Object Recognition Using Laser Doppler Vibrometry and Convolutional Neural Networks." Sensors 22, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 9360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239360.

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Анотація:

Laser Doppler vibrometers (LDVs) have been widely adopted due to their large number of benefits in comparison to traditional contacting vibration transducers. Their high sensitivity, among other unique characteristics, has also led to their use as optical microphones, where the measurement of object vibration in the vicinity of a sound source can act as a microphone. Recent work enabling full correction of LDV measurement in the presence of sensor head vibration unlocks new potential applications, including integration within autonomous vehicles (AVs). In this paper, the common AV challenge of object classification is addressed by presenting and evaluating a novel, non-contact vibro-acoustic object recognition technique. This technique utilises a custom set-up involving a synchronised loudspeaker and scanning LDV to simultaneously remotely solicit and record responses to a periodic chirp excitation in various objects. The 864 recorded signals per object were pre-processed into spectrograms of various forms, which were used to train a ResNet-18 neural network via transfer learning to accurately recognise the objects based only on their vibro-acoustic characteristics. A five-fold cross-validation optimisation approach is described, through which the effects of data set size and pre-processing type on classification accuracy are assessed. A further assessment of the ability of the CNN to classify never-before-seen objects belonging to groups of similar objects on which it has been trained is then described. In both scenarios, the CNN was able to obtain excellent classification accuracy of over 99.7%. The work described here demonstrates the significant promise of such an approach as a viable non-contact object recognition technique suitable for various machine automation tasks, for example, defect detection in production lines or even loose rock identification in underground mines.

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41

Arruda, José Roberto de França, Sérgio Augusto Vianna do Rio, and Luiz Antonio Silva Bernardes Santos. "A Space-Frequency Data Compression Method for Spatially Dense Laser Doppler Vibrometer Measurements." Shock and Vibration 3, no. 2 (1996): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/395375.

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When spatially dense mobility shapes are measured with scanning laser Doppler vibrometers, it is often impractical to use phase-separation modal parameter estimation methods due to the excessive number of highly coupled modes and to the prohibitive computational cost of processing huge amounts of data. To deal with this problem, a data compression method using Chebychev polynomial approximation in the frequency domain and two-dimensional discrete Fourier series approximation in the spatial domain, is proposed in this article. The proposed space-frequency regressive approach was implemented and verified using a numerical simulation of a free-free-free-free suspended rectangular aluminum plate. To make the simulation more realistic, the mobility shapes were synthesized by modal superposition using mode shapes obtained experimentally with a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. A reduced and smoothed model, which takes advantage of the sinusoidal spatial pattern of structural mobility shapes and the polynomial frequency-domain pattern of the mobility shapes, is obtained. From the reduced model, smoothed curves with any desired frequency and spatial resolution can he produced whenever necessary. The procedure can he used either to generate nonmodal models or to compress the measured data prior to modal parameter extraction.

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42

Blotter, Jonathan D., Robert L. West, and Scott D. Sommerfeldt. "Spatially Continuous Power Flow Using a Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 124, no. 4 (September 20, 2002): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1497363.

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This paper presents the validation of an experimental technique that maps the transfer of energy in vibrating structures. The technique is known as Experimental Spatial Power Flow (ESPF) and is unique in that it provides a spatially continuous representation of the power flow based on measurements from a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. In this paper, the ESPF technique is validated by showing that ESPF results compare to within 10 percent of the results obtained using single point impedance head measurements. A simply supported plate excited by two shakers phased to act as an energy source and sink is used as the test object.

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43

La, Jongpil, Jieun Choi, Jinpyo Hong, Semyung Wang, Kyoungsuk Kim, and Kyihwan Park. "A Continuous Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer for Mode Shape Analysis." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 35, no. 2 (December 2002): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)33986-1.

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44

Vanlanduit, Steve, Bart Cauberghe, Patrick Guillaume, and Peter Verboven. "Automatic vibration mode tracking using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 42, no. 3 (September 2004): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2003.07.001.

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Boone, Andrew J., Jonathan Blotter, Scott D. Sommerfeldt, and Timothy W. Leishman. "Using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer to measure acoustic intensity." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119, no. 5 (May 2006): 3389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2195821.

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46

Sels, Seppe, Bart Ribbens, Boris Bogaerts, Jeroen Peeters, and Steve Vanlanduit. "3D model assisted fully automated scanning laser Doppler vibrometer measurements." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 99 (December 2017): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2016.09.007.

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47

Prazenica, Richard J., Andrew J. Kurdila, and Joseph F. Vignola. "Spatial filtering and proper orthogonal decomposition of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry data for the nondestructive evaluation of frescoes." Journal of Sound and Vibration 304, no. 3-5 (July 2007): 735–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.03.027.

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48

Yuan, Guang Min, Wei Zheng Yuan, Yao Bo Liu, and Hong Long Chang. "Application of Laser Doppler Technique in Detecting the Dynamic Parameter of MEMS Device." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 1083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1083.

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In order to test the dynamic performance of MEMS devices accurately, the laser Doppler vibrometer was adopted to test the frequency characteristics and surface vibration of the MEMS scanning mirror. The measuring formulas of the object motion velocity and displacement were derived. A kind of MEMS scanning mirror was tested using the established optical testing system. The measurement results show that the resonance frequency characteristic and the transient response characteristic is 269Hz and 60ms respectively which are consistent with the theoretical analysis. The method has significant reference value to the application of the laser Doppler technique.

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49

Rzepecki, Jaroslaw, Anna Chraponska, Sebastian Budzan, Chukwuemeke William Isaac, Krzysztof Mazur, and Marek Pawelczyk. "Chladni Figures in Modal Analysis of a Double-Panel Structure." Sensors 20, no. 15 (July 22, 2020): 4084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154084.

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Анотація:

Analysis of the structural vibration, under the sound excitation is an important part of the quality assurance during the design process of devices. One of the most commonly used method is Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV). However, under the rapid fluctuations of temperature, structural resonances are shifted into the other frequencies. In such situation LDV method may be inconvenient, due to the scanning time. In this paper the authors proposed Chladni figures to modal analysis of the double-panel structure, excited by the loudspeaker enclosed inside the casing with a rigid frame. Double-panel structure has been proven to be particularly useful for noise and vibration reduction applications. Vision images, obtained during the experiments are converted to binary patterns, using GLCM matrix, and compared with simulations performed in ANSYS.

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50

Rau, Mark, Julius O. Smith, and Doug L. James. "Augmenting a single-point laser Doppler vibrometer to perform scanning measurements." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010962.

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Laser Doppler vibrometers (LDV) are used for non-contact vibration measurements of various structures and are frequently used for stringed instrument measurements. Single-point LDVs can be used with the roving hammer or LDV method for mode shape measurements, but this is time-consuming and requires constant attention. Scanning LDVs exist but are expensive and often out of reach of musical acoustics researchers. An inexpensive apparatus to modify a common single-point LDV such that it can perform automated scanning measurements is presented. The augmentation consists of a mirror galvanometer, impact hammer controller, and 3D printed mounting hardware. The scanning system is controlled by a microprocessor and can be easily automated. The total cost of the system, excluding the LDV and impact hammer, is under two hundred dollars. Measurements of guitars are presented to validate the scanning system and discuss any shortcomings.

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