Статті в журналах: "Samut Songkhram (Thailand : Province)"

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POTJANAJARUWIT, Pisit. "THE NEW NORMAL LIFESTYLE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR TOURISM ENTREPRENEURS OF SAMUT SONGKHRAM PROVINCE TO RESOLVE THE COVID19 CRISIS IN THE SHORT AND LONG TERM IN THAILAND." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 43, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.43324-918.

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The purposes of this research were: 1. to study the influence of community, government, and educational institutions’ support towards the reskilling and upskilling of personnel and the new normal lifestyle technology development of tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram Province and 2. to study the influence of the new normal lifestyle technology development on the potential of tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram Province in resolving the COVID-19 crisis in the short and long term.The research instruments, interview forms and questionnaires, were used to collect data which were then analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to find the cause-and-effect relationships found in the new normal lifestyle technology development of the tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram Province. The results found that factors such as support from the community, government agencies, and educational institutions had a 0.83 positive direct influence on the new normal lifestyle technology development of tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram Province at the statistical significance at 0.01 level. The support from the community, government agencies, and educational institutions was also found to have a 0.97 positive direct influence on the reskilling and upskilling of personnel of the tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram Province. The new normal lifestyle technology development was found having a 0.28 positive direct influence on the potential of tourism entrepreneurs in Samut Songkhram province in resolving the COVID-19 crisis at a statistically significant level of 0.01.

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Kasemsawat, Srisuwan, Sivapan Choo-in, and Tatsanawalai Utarasakul. "Wastewater Management and Community Participation in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Proceedings 2, no. 22 (October 31, 2018): 1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2221387.

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This research focused on wastewater management and community participation in Amphawa district, Samut Songkhram province, Thailand. Objectives of the research were (1) To investigate and assess quality of surface water and sewage at the sources before being discharged into main river and canals in Amphawa district, Samut Songkhram province. The study was conducted during October 2016–September 2017. A number of 40 surface water samples and 40 sewage samples were collected. Water quality of the samples were assessed following the Pollution Control Department procedure. The results showed that quality of surface water was likely good with pH, DO and amount of coliform bacteria under the PCD standard. BOD and amount of fecal coliform bacteria were slightly over the threshold and very high amount of NH3 was found. Sewage contained very low DO, extremely high BOD and slightly high TKN.

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CHAIPHONGPACHARA, TANAWAT, SEDTHAPONG LAOJUN, and CHAEKKI KUNPHICHAYADECHA. "Effect of the CDC light trap on control of nocturnal mosquitoes in coastal Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 5 (September 21, 2018): 1750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190522.

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Chaiphongpachara T, Laojun S, Kunphichayadecha C. 2018. Effect of the CDC light trap on control of nocturnal mosquitoesin coastal Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 19: 1750-1754. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CDC lighttrap on mosquito control and to study the relationship between this effect and weather factors in coastal areas (2 and 4 km from the sea)of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. We conducted a field test by trapping for 30 consecutive days from September to October2017. The trap was hung at a height of 1.5 m and was 50 m away from a house. A total of 2963 adult female mosquitoes of 4 speciesbelonging to 2 genera were trapped, including Anopheles epiroticus Linton & Harbach, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, Cx. sitiensWiedmann and Cx. gelidus Theobald. The trapping rate of the CDC light trap set up 2 km from the sea was 85.70±73.81 adultmosquitoes per night. Meanwhile, at the location 4 km from the sea, the trap collected 13.07±11.40 adult mosquitoes per night.Comparing the numbers of mosquitoes captured by the CDC light trap between these two sites, there was a significant difference at p <0.05. This study shows that the CDC light trap can be used for effective control of mosquitoes in coastal areas of Samut SongkhramProvince, Thailand, especially Cx. sitiens, a filariasis vector.

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Nithitwaraphakun, Kannaphat. "Developing an English training course for local wisdom inheritance of one village one product in Thailand." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 11, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.11n.6p.38.

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The purposes of this study were to 1) develop an English training course for local wisdom inheritance of One Tambon (Village) One Product (OTOP) in Amphawa district, Samut Songkhram province, 2) compare the English achievement results of the participants before and after the English language training 3) study learners’ English performance, including vocabulary and the communication about process of making Thai coconut palm sugar presentation with determine criteria, and 4) study learners’ satisfaction with the training course. The sample participants were 10 OTOP entrepreneurs in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province who were selected by voluntary selection and they were interested and applied for the training course and all of them hold a bachelor degree. The research instruments were questionnaire assessing learners’ training needs, an academic achievement test, a performance evaluation form, and a satisfaction assessment form. The statistics for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and content analysis. The findings were as follows: 1) The developed an English course for Local Wisdom Inheritance of One Tambon (Village) One Product (OTOP) in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province contains 9 components including conception of curriculum, principles, objectives, structures, activities, duration, teaching materials, evaluation and assessment, and expected outcomes, 2) the average scores from English achievement test after using the curriculum in English training course was higher than before testing. 3) learners’ English performance, including vocabulary and the communication about process of making Thai coconut palm sugar presentation, was at the high level (83.33%) which was higher than determine criteria, and 4) learners’ satisfaction with the English training course was at the highest level (X= 4.70).

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Peerapun, Wannasilpa, Siriwan Silaphacharanan, and Vira Sachakul. "The Conservation of Cultural Heritage Along Amphawa Canal, Samut Songkhram Province." MANUSYA 9, no. 4 (2006): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00904005.

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The Amphawa community houses the birth place of King Rama II Nowadays this community is still water-based and one can see Thai-styled and row houses, canal-side walkways and ladders leading down to the canal. Against this backdrop are coconut plantations and mixed orchards of pomelo, lychee, etc. Amphawa is also rich in Thai culture featuring mural paintings, traditional dance and music and architecture. Water-based ways of life are very much alive as evidenced by water traffic. The objective of the project is to modify and apply the SAVE and CHIP techniques devised by the Danish Government as part of Cultural Heritage Conservation, awareness-raising campaign and demonstration of conservation campaign of traditional buildings ranging from government buildings, Thai-styled and contemporary houses and row houses to the rehabilitation of a canal landscape. As a result, local people are better aware of the advantages of cultural heritage conservation while the project enhances the preparedness of the community to accommodate ecological tourism. Finally, the experience gained from this project can also be applied to other areas of Thailand.

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Phonphan, Walaiporn. "Application of Geo-Informatics to Estimate Agricultural Water Use in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Proceedings 2, no. 22 (October 30, 2018): 1397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2221397.

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Water use of human depends on daily life activities. Agriculture is the main activity of Thailand. In the present, there are the extension of agriculture, industry, residence, and community which increase water demand. It can cause a problem of water use among urban, industrial and agricultural. Most agricultural in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand were planting crops such as pomelo, coconut and lychee, which are famous and generate a lot of income for farmers. The quality and quantity of water is an indicator for measure of the quality and yield of agricultural products. The aim of research is to estimate water use through geographic information system, and remote sensing from Landsat8 satellite. This research considers the main parameters which were; estimation of spatial rainfall runoff and quantity of evaporation, infiltration rate of the soil. To evaluate the amount of soil moisture in order to create soil moisture map for planning the utilization and management of water for agriculture. The classification land use was to investigate from Landsat8 which shown currently agricultural area. The result showed the soil moisture which distributes in each area especially the agricultural area. This information can be used by agriculturists and related organizations to plan and make the decision of growing appropriate plants according to the soil moisture for the sustainability of the agriculture.

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Potjanajaruwit, Pisit. "THAILAND 4.0’S INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY: ANALYZING INDICATOR LEVEL." EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics, no. 2(15) (March 31, 2019): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.2(15).2019.19-29.

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The objective of the research titled ‘Innovation and Technology of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Coconut Sugar Business in Thailand 4.0’ is to study the level of innovation and technology of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the coconut sugar business in Samut Songkhram Province. This research is the Mixed Methods Research and the populations of this research consisted of entrepreneurs and executives as well as those who engage in the development of innovation and technology of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the coconut sugar business in Samut Songkhram Province.The results showed that SMEs’ innovation and technology consisted of 3components including Innovation and Technology in Learning, Innovation and Technology in Communication and Innovation and Technology in Operational Support. Innovation and Technology in Communication was ranked as No. 1with the highest Mean, it was found that there are 3 areas of innovation and technology to be studied, including Innovation and Technology in Learning, Innovation and Technology in Communication and Innovation and Technology in Operational Support. Based on the data analysis for the rating scale on the innovation and technology, it was found that the rating scale on communication was ranked as No. 1 with the highest Mean (x̄= 4.40S.D. = 0.43), No. 2 was the innovation and technology in learning with the highest Mean (x̄= 4.38 S.D. = 0.44) and No. 3 was the innovation and technology on operational support with the highest Mean (x̄= 4.33 S.D. = .047). All variables are statistically significant influences.

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Charoenpokaraj, Nitinarth, and Petchpanom Chitman. "Species Diversity of Migratory Birds Along the Mangrove Nature Trails in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 5365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11736.

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Suklom, Anotai, Tosaphol Saetung Keetapithchayakul, Azman Abdul Rahim, and Koraon Wongkamhaeng. "Two new species of the genus Floresorchestia (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae) from Amphawa Estuary, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Zoosystematics and Evolution 98, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.83749.

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Two new species of Floresorchestia (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are described from Amphawa Estuary, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Floresorchestia amphawaensissp. nov. is a riparian-hoppers living near agricultural and urban areas, being distinguished by the following character states: left mandible lacinia mobilis 4-dentate; gnathopod 2 palm reaching about 34%; telson as broad as long, with four robust setae per lobe. Floresorchestia pongratisp. nov. are described as riparian-hoppers living in the moist area near Mae Klong canal banks with a unique left mandible lacinia mobilis 5-dentate; gnathopod 2 palm reaching 30% and telson with seven robust setae per lobe. The status and the problem of diagnostic character states of the genus Floresorchestia are discussed.

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Pharino, Chanathip, Nop Sailamai, and Pinida Leelapanang Kamphaengthong. "Material Flow Analysis of Nitrogen in Maeklong River Basin in Ratchaburi and Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Water Conservation Science and Engineering 1, no. 3 (September 2, 2016): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41101-016-0011-1.

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Yiamjanya, Siripen. "Endogenous and Exogenous Factors for e-Marketing Technology and Innovation in Homestay Establishments: A Case Study of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Journal of Economics, Business and Management 4, no. 1 (2016): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/joebm.2016.v4.364.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, Sedthapong Laojun, and Chaekki Kunphichayadecha. "Effectiveness of mosquito magnets for reducing mosquito (Diptera) populations in coastal areas of Samut Songkhram province, Thailand." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 5, no. 4 (2018): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2018.e294.

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Polyium, Udomdeja, and Na Thaisong Phinthida. "Phytochemical and Nutritional Values of Local Plants in the Phraek Nam Daeng Community Samut Songkhram Province Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 879 (March 2018): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.879.101.

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The biodiversity of local plants on Phraek Nam Daeng community Amphawa, Samut Songkhram province, Thailand has been the result of the terrain as a source of freshwater and salty. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical screening and nutritional value of 6 local plants in the Phraek Nam Daeng community including: Azima sarmentosa Benth, Pluchea indica (L) Less,, Boehravia diffusa L, Acanthus ilicifolius L, Sesuvium portulacastrum L and Derris trifoliata Lour. The phytochemical analysis was performed for alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone and cardiac glycoside. Nutritional analysis of proximal composition of local plants using the method of AOAC (2005),Which consist of moisture content, protein content, lipid content, fiber content, total ash content and carbohydrate content. The results showed that phytochemical screening of 6 local plants, the methanolic extracts have the presence of bioactive substances such as alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone and cardiac glycoside. The most nutritional composition of local plants showed that the moisture content was Sesuvium portulacastrum L, protein content was Acanthus ilicifolius L, lipid and carbohydrate content was Azima sarmentosa Benth. & Hook, fiber content was Pluchea indica (L) Less., these represent the potential of food crops for food security and sustainable use of biodiversity.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, Poom Adisakwattana, and Nantana Suwandittakul. "Intraspecific Genetic Variation of Anisakis typica in Indian Mackerel Caught from the Gulf of Thailand, Samut Songkhram Province." Scientific World Journal 2022 (June 21, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2122619.

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Anisakis nematodes infecting Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) were initially discovered in Thailand in our preliminary investigation. Nevertheless, the species of Anisakis collected has not been determined nor has its genetic variation been researched. Thus, this study aimed to molecularly identify the species of Anisakis specimens using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA sequences. In addition, the intraspecific genetic variation was also determined using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene sequences. The phylogenetic relationships of the ITS region classified all samples into Anisakis typica; however, the genetic variation between them could not be distinguished. By contrast, the phylogenetic tree analysis of the COII region identified all samples as A. typica, with 17 different haplotypes by 66 polymorphic sites and five of the substitutions resulted in amino acid change. Additionally, the distribution pattern of the COII region can be separated into two groups between South America and Asian countries. All our haplotypes belong to Asian countries. Compared with the two genetic markers used in this investigation, COII appears to be a better candidate for studying genetic variation sensitive to environmental changes and intermediate or definitive host behavioral changes.

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Tanawat, Chaiphongpachara, Laojun Sedthapong, and Kunphichayadecha Chaekki. "Effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV) insect light traps for mosquitoes control in coastal areas of Samut Songkhram province, Thailand." Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology 7, no. 1 (2019): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/2318-1265jabb.v7n1p25-30.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, and Prapawan Suacum. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF DIARRHOEAL DISEASE USING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) AT THE DISTRICT LEVEL OF SAMUT SONGKHRAM PROVINCE, THAILAND." Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 1 (April 13, 2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2019.16.1.6.

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Piyadhida Sungkhamanee, Krisada Sungkhamanee,. "Environment and Potential Affecting Investment Decision for Accommodation Business: Case of Less Visited Area in Samut Songkhram and Phatthalung Province." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 1706–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.2326.

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Investment decisions have great importance in different sectors of various countries and these decisions are the basis on which the outcomes of the investments are based. However, there might be certain factors that might lead to the incorrect long term and short term investment decisions. In this regard, the current study has been conducted with the core motive to explore the impact casted by the environment and potential factors i.e. salience and overconfidence on the long term investment decisions for accommodation business along with the moderation of a variable i.e. financial literacy. To fulfill this objective, the researcher has collected data from the investors of accommodation businesses in Thailand. The collected data has been subjected to different statistical techniques and tools for analysis purpose and the results have been obtained. The results obtained by the analysis of the collected data indicate that salience and overconfidence have significant impact on the long term investment decision. In addition, the moderating role of financial literacy has also been found as significant in the study. The results suggest that the investors of the accommodation business must consider the aspects of salience and overconfidence before taking any long term investment decision to avoid failure of the investment decision.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, Ploypailin Bunyuen, and Kitthisak Khlaeo Chansukh. "Development of a More Effective Mosquito Trapping Box for Vector Control." Scientific World Journal 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6241703.

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Mosquito-borne diseases are a major public health issue in nearly all tropical and subtropical countries, making vector control imperative. The mosquito trapping box is one type of mosquito traps that is popular in some areas because it is affordable, environmentally friendly, and easy to produce. This research investigated whether the effectiveness of the mosquito trapping box could be increased through the addition of various physical factors, including a wooden frame, black cotton cloth, a fan, carbon dioxide (CO2), and heat, by testing a range of box designs in the Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand, between December 2016 and January 2017. We found that trapping boxes constructed with Pinus kesiya wood caught more mosquitoes than those constructed with two other types of wood or aluminum. We also found that mosquito trapping boxes were more effective when more factors were added, although these differences were only significant for black cotton cloth and CO2. These findings will guide the future development of mosquito trapping boxes for effective mosquito control in other areas, helping to reduce the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases.

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Charoenpokaraj, Nitinarth, and Petchpanom Chitman. "Species Diversity and Abundance of Birds in the Coastal Land Use Areas, Bang Kaew Sub-District, Muang District, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 5385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11740.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, and Sedthapong Laojun. "Annual Variability of Wing Morphology in Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera, Culicidae) Mosquito Vectors from the Coastal Area of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Journal of Parasitology Research 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3978965.

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Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera, Culicidae) is a mosquito vector that is found in coastal areas. Effective control of mosquitoes requires knowledge of the biology, ecology, and behavior of the vector as well as of various other aspects, including its morphology. Currently, variations in the wing size and shape of coastal Cx. sitiens have not been described. Here, morphological changes were studied in the wings of Cx. sitiens from a coastal area of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Samples were collected at night (6:00 pm–6:00 am) during single weeks of September in the years 2015–2017 using Center for Disease Control light traps with dry ice as bait. Eighteen landmarks of each individual were selected and digitized for landmark-based geometric morphometric analyses. Wing size variability was estimated using the isometric estimator of centroid size. Wing-shape variables were computed as Procrustes superimposition with residual coordinates of the 18 landmarks following a Generalized Procrustes Analysis and the principal components of residual coordinates. Degrees of wing-shape dissimilarity among individuals were analyzed using discriminant analysis or canonical variate analysis, which was illustrated in a discriminant space of canonical variables. Differences in wing size and shape among populations were calculated using nonparametric permutations based on 1000 runs with Bonferroni correction tests at a p-value of <0.05. The wing sizes and shapes of the mosquitoes differed significantly between observation years in all population groups, as indicated by nonparametric tests (1000 runs) with the Bonferroni correction. Differing rainfall between observation years was related to morphological changes in mosquito populations, presumably reflecting environmental adaptation. Differences in the wing morphology of Cx. sitiens between annual populations reflect adaptation to environmental variables such as rainfall and may affect the potential to act as insect vectors of human disease. These observations may facilitate the development of tools for managing mosquito-borne disease.

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Upakankaew, Kamonporn, Sarawut Ninsawat, Salvatore G. P. Virdis, and Nophea Sasaki. "Discrimination of Mangrove Stages Using Multitemporal Sentinel-1 C-Band Backscatter and Sentinel-2 Data—A Case Study in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand." Forests 13, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091433.

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Discrimination of mangrove stage changes is useful for the conservation of this valuable natural resource. However, present-day optical satellite imagery is not fully reliable due to its high sensitivity to weather conditions and tidal variables. Here, we used the Vertical Transmit—Vertical Receive Polarization (VV) and Vertical Transmit—Horizontal Receive Polarization (VH) backscatter from the same and multiple-incidence angles from Sentinel-1 SAR C-band along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDVIRE) and Chlorophyll Index Green (CIGreen) from the optical satellite imageries from Sentinel-2 to discriminate between the changes in disturbance, recovery, and healthy mangrove stages in Samut Songkhram province, Thailand. We found the mean NDVI values to be 0.08 (±0.11), 0.19 (±0.09), and −0.53 (±0.16) for the three stages, respectively. We further found their correlation with VH backscatter from the multiple-incidence angles at about −17.98 (±2.34), −16.43 (±1.59), and −13.40 (±1.07), respectively. The VH backscatter from multiple-incidence angles was correlated with NDVI using Pearson’s correlation (𝑟2 = 0.62). However, Pearson’s correlation of a single plot (ID2) of mangrove stage change from disturbance to recovery, and then on to the healthy mangrove stage, displayed a 𝑟2 of 0.93 (p value is less than 0.0001, n = 34). This indicated that the multitemporal Sentinel-1 C-band backscatter and Sentinel-2 data could be used to discriminate mangrove stages, and that a reduced correlation to significant observations was the result of variations in both optical and SAR backscatter data.

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Senarat, S., J. Kettratad, and W. Jiraungkoorskul. "Structure and ultrastructure of oogenic stage in short mackerel Rastrelliger brachysoma (Teleostei: Scombidae)." Journal of Morphological Sciences 34, no. 01 (January 2017): 023–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.096915.

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Abstract Introduction: Structure, ultrastructural features and degeneration of oogenesis were first investigated in female Rastrelliger brachysoma as new candidate species for aquaculture by transmission electron microscopy. Materials and Methods: Specimens were naturally collected during the breeding season from Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Results: The ultrastructure of female oogenesis was principally divided into five stages based on the nuclear characterization and cytoplasmic organelles; (i) oogonium; (ii) previtellogenic; (iii) lipid and cortical alveolar; (iv) early and (v) late vitellogenic stages. Initially, oogonium was present within cell nest in the epithelial compartment. Its cell was supported by prefollicular cells. The multiple nucleoli in previtellogenic stage, referring to primary growth stage were the first to appear and they were scattered around the peripheral of nuclear membrane with the increasing number of cytoplasmic organelles. Some microvilli of granulosa cell initially protruded into the vitelline envelope. A simple layer of flattened granulosa and theca cells was also observed. The lipid and cortical alveolar stage under secondary growth oocyte was accumulated with two inclusions; the lipid droplets and cortical alveoli in the ooplasm. Another characterization, the increasing of numerous microvilli was also detected in the vitelline envelope. Finally, in the vitellogenic stage, a massive uptake and processing of proteins into yolk platelets due to embedding of the numerous microvilli in the largest vitelline envelope was observed. Oocyte degeneration in R. brachysoma was novel found especially oogonial and previtellogenic stages. Conclusion: Five oogenic stages of this fish are found with the changing of the arrangement of nucleus, cytoplasmic organelles and follicular complex, which will be applied to further studies.

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Sudjaroen, Yuttana. "Biochemical and hematological status of pesticide sprayers in Samut Songkhram, Thailand." Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 8, no. 5 (2015): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1755-6783.159843.

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Sirinam, Salin, Supawat Chatchen, Watcharee Arunsodsai, Suriya Guharat, and Kriengsak Limkittikul. "Seroprevalence of Zika Virus in Amphawa District, Thailand, after the 2016 Pandemic." Viruses 14, no. 3 (February 25, 2022): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030476.

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In 2016, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was declared a public health emergency of international concern because of the neurological consequences in babies born to infected people. Because of the mild and nonspecific symptoms, serological tests are essential in epidemiological studies. However, cross-reactive antibodies between other Flaviviridae members may complicate the interpretation of results of these tests. This study investigated the seroprevalence of ZIKV infection in Samut Songkhram in central Thailand which was affected by the Zika outbreak of 2016. Three hundred and fifty volunteers aged 5–50 years in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram, were enrolled between April 2017 and April 2018. ZIKV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to screen serum samples collected on the first day of enrollment and after 6 and 12 months. The seroprevalence and seroconversion of ZIKV were assessed. Cases of ZIKV seroconversion were verified as evidence of ZIKV infection by NS1 blockade-of-binding ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50). ZIKV seroprevalence in Amphawa was 15.1–17.8% with no significant change over the year. The total seroconversion rate throughout the year was 7/100 person-years. The ratio of asymptomatic to symptomatic infections was 4.5:1. The cases in our study confirmed the occurrence of occult ZIKV infections in the community. These undetected infections might promote the spread of ZIKV in vulnerable groups of the community.

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Thirasirikul, Jidapa. "Participatory Water Resources Management in Phraek Nam Daeng Community, Samut Songkhram, Thailand." PSAKU International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12778/235108618x15452373185967.

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Choo-In, Sivapan, Srisuwan Kasemsawat, Jiraporn Sriwilai, and Nutthida Kuanprasert. "The Participation of Surface Water Quality Management, Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram, Thailand." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 197 (July 2015): 1551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.109.

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27

Thongdonphum, Boontarika, Shettapong Meksumpun, and Charumas Meksumpun. "Nutrient loads and their impacts on chlorophyll a in the Mae Klong River and estuarine ecosystem: an approach for nutrient criteria development." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.515.

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Investigations on the water quality of the Mae Klong River and Estuary were conducted from April 2005 to February 2006 during periods of early-, mid-, and late-loading. Nutrient loads and transfer patterns were studied together with clarification of contaminated sites. The results indicated that NH4+, NO2− + NO3−, Si(OH)4 and PO43− concentrations varied by season and were comparatively high in the mid-loading period. Analysis of DIN:P and Si:P molar ratios indicated that PO43− could possibly be a limiting nutrient. Highly contaminated sites were in the middle (Ratchaburi province) and lower (Samut Songkhram province) river zones in which anthropogenic wastewater discharges were significantly (p < 0.05) loaded. Analysis of the DIN and P transfer patterns showed that self-remediation efficiencies were rarely found. The highest DIN and P loads of 23.87 and 4.03 t/day, respectively, were found in Samut Songkhram province. Nutrients were found to contribute to the hypertrophic condition of the lower river and the estuary. The baseline level of chlorophyll a in the upper river was ∼3.3 μg/L, while levels exceeded 10 μg/L in the estuarine zone. Such chlorophyll a levels were highly significant (p < 0.01) related to DIN and P (with correlation coefficients of 0.44 and 0.37, respectively). In order to maintain river conservation to an acceptable degree, levels of about 20 μmol/L DIN and 1 μmol/L P were suggested as the upper limits. To achieve such levels will require serious consideration with regard to the development of nutrient criteria for water resource conservation management and sustainable utilization purposes.

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Deepadung, Sujaritlak. "Toponyms in the Western Region of Thailand." MANUSYA 6, no. 2 (2003): 31–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00602002.

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Village names or toponyms in the Western region of Thailand, i.e. Kanchanaburi, Nakorn Pathom, Ratchaburi, Phetchaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Samut Songkhram, Samut Sakorn and Suphan Buri, in this study are drawn from a complete list of names in Thamniap Thongthii 2535 BC (Provincial Records 1992). The aims of this study are: 1) to analyse the linguistic structure of Thai village names 2) to set up dimensions for the semantic features of the village names in the western region of Thailand and 3) to make a frequency count of the general names which are the first morpheme of a name. The result are as follows: 1) the linguistic structure of the village names is the same as that of the grammatical word structure in Thai 2) there are five major semantic dimensions of the village names, namely, the geographical features which include water or sources of water, elevated land areas and other geographical areas, the nongeographical features which consist of plants, animals, uncultivated or the cultivated land and profession, constructed objects, numbers, persons, and other ethic languages, the locative or directional features which are divided into prepositional locatives and noun locatives, the auspicious features and the descriptive features, and 3) the village names to the western region of Thailand rely significantly on physical geography of the area.

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Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, and Laddawan Moolrat. "Insecticide resistance of temephos on Aedes aegypti as dengue vector in Samut Songkhram, Thailand." Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 10, no. 6 (2017): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/atmph.atmph_127_17.

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30

KITO, KENJI, and CHITTIMA ARYUTHAKA. "New mouthless nematode of the genus Parastomonema Kito, 1989 (Nematoda: Siphonolaimidae) from a mangrove forest on the coast of Thailand, and erection of the new subfamily Astomonematinae within the Siphonolaimidae." Zootaxa 1177, no. 1 (April 21, 2006): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1177.1.4.

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A new species of mouthless nematode Parastomonema papillosum sp. nov. was described based on specimens collected in muddy sediments of a mangrove forest in Samut Songkhram, Thailand. Parastomonema papillosum sp. nov. is the second species of the genus and differs from the type species P. fijiense Kito, 1989 in having short body length (1.5–3.0 mm), short cephalic setae (1.5–2.6 µm), and a weakly cuticularized gubernacular apophysis in the male. Astomonematinae subfam. nov. was erected for the two mouthless genera Astomonema and Parastomonema in the Siphonolaimidae based on the diagnostic feature of a degenerate alimentary canal and female reproductive system with paired ovaries.

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Skilling, Peter, and Santi Pakdeekham. "Manuscripts in Central Thailand: Samut Khoi from Phetchaburi Province." Manuscript Studies: A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies 2, no. 1 (2017): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mns.2017.0005.

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Panitchpakdi, Kundoldibya. "Participatory Development of a Local Curriculum on Traditional Thai House Regeneration in Samut Songkhram." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 1, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i1.194.

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This paper is part of the participatory action research on ‘Architecture for Community Empowering’ project, which has been on-going since 2007. The project emerged from expressed need of local communities to preserve the traditional Thai house as a cultural heritage. A curriculum was developed to provide training on the features of Thai- housing, construction and preservation to empower communities to share and spread this traditional wisdom. Trainees also developed a more profound appreciation for the Thai architectural heritage. This curriculum is the first of its kind in Thailand, and the training is being replicated in other communities in the country.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Local curriculum; traditional Thai house; housing; regeneration

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33

Phamornsuwan, Wilawan, Wannasilpa Peerapun, and Siriwan Silapacharanan. "Transformations for the Survival of Traditional Water-Based Communities in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province." MANUSYA 9, no. 4 (2006): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00904007.

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The water-based communities in Amphawa District have evolved in their settlements over a long period of time. They all have specific and unique characteristics in terms of natural and cultural heritages. In the past, the communities have been affected by various transformations and changes not only in the natural environment but also through the direct and indirect developments which have been undertaken in the Mae Klong River basin. Despite these changes, however, the traditional water-based communities have been able to adjust themselves for survival up to the present day. This study aims to describe certain issues which affect the survival of traditional water-based communities in Amphawa, i.e., (1) transformations of traditional water-based communities, (2) factors affecting the transformations and survival of water-based communities, and (3) trends in transformations and capabilities for the survival of water-based communities. The findings of this research should be useful for preliminary deliberations of the appropriate policy recommendations for maintaining the uniqueness and the survival of water-based communities.

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Thaipichitburapa, P., C. Meksumpun, and S. Meksumpun. "Province-based self-remediation efficiency of the Tha Chin river basin, Thailand." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.293.

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The Tha Chin River Basin located in the great central basin of Thailand is used for water supply, aquaculture, transportation, and recreation as well as a sink for wastewater discharges. Because of gradual deterioration of water quality and fishery resources, this study aimed to explain recent status of the river self-remediation efficiency that was influenced by nutrient inputs and outputs from the river system. Field surveys were carried out during May 2007 (early rainy season) and October 2007 (late rainy season) within the Tha Chin River located in 4 provinces; Chainat, Suphan Buri, Nakhon Pathom, and Samut Sakhon. The nutrient budgets in each province section were analyzed. Results indicated that the river was in eutrophic condition all year round. High nitrogen and phosphorus loads from surrounding agricultural land use, agro-industry, and community continuously flew into the river system. Those nutrient concentrations were higher in the early rainy season than the late rainy season. The lowest river zone (in Samut Sakhon province) indicated highest dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and orthophosphate phosphorus (P) discharges of 145.54 and 36.14 tons/day, respectively. The highest remediation efficiency of the river (ca 60% of the total input) was found in the uppermost area of Suphan Buri province. The lowest remediation efficiency (ca 12%) was found in Samut Sakhon province. From the overall view, long term monitoring of river and estuarine DIN and P should be conducted. To make better condition of aquatic environment and fishery resource in each province-based section, the controls of DIN and P remediation efficiencies (e.g. by effective management of flow speed) at 20 and 50%, respectively, were recommended.

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35

Homchalee, Rojanee, and Weerapat Sessomboon. "Supply Chain Network Design of Ethanol in Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.647.

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The proposed model is location-allocation model developed to design and manage the plants-to-customers ethanol supply chain in Thailand with the objective to minimize the total cost. The results showed that Thailand should have only one ethanol export depot and central depot located along wharfs in Samut Prakan province and along the highway in Non Sung district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, respectively. This model also provided the solutions on opening and expanding of production capacity of ethanol plants over time and appropriate ethanol allocation both of direct distribution and through the central depot for long term (2012-2021).

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36

Supmee, Verakiat, Apirak Songrak, Juthamas Suppapan, and Pradit Sangthong. "Population Genetic Structure of Ornate Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus hexodon) in Thailand." Tropical Life Sciences Research 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.1.4.

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Ornate threadfin bream (Nemipterus hexodon) is an economically important fishery species in Southeast Asia. In Thailand, N. hexodon decreased dramatically due to overexploitation for commercial purposes. To construct an effective sustainable management plan, genetic information is necessary. Thus, in our study, the population genetic structure and demographic history of N. hexodon were investigated using 419 bp of the mitochondrial DNA sequence in cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtDNA COI). A total of 142 samples was collected from nine localities in the Gulf of Thailand (Chonburi, Samut Songkhram, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Songkhla), and the Andaman Sea (Satun, Trang, Krabi, Phang Nga). Fourteen polymorphic sites defined 18 haplotypes, revealing a high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity among nine localities. The Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, pairwise FST, and minimum spanning network result revealed that the genetic structure of N. hexodon was separated into two populations: the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea population. The genetic structure of N. hexodon can be explained by a disruption of gene flow from the geographic barrier and the Pleistocene isolation of the marine basin hypothesis. Neutrality tests, Bayesian skyline analysis, mismatch distribution, and the estimated values of population growth suggested that N. hexodon had experienced a population expansion. The genetic information would certainly help us gain insight into the population genetic structure of N. hexodon living on the coast of Thailand.

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37

Panitchpakdi, Kundoldibya, Tirawat Pimwern, and Thammanoon Laohpiyavisut. "Analysis of the Difference Between Two Approaches to Assessing Housing and Community Standards." Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 15 (December 24, 2018): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj2018157794.

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This comparative study on housing and community comfortable living performance standards is a part of a participatory research conducted to meet the needs addressed by the Thai National Housing Authority to improve existing housing and community standards. The research team conducted a case study of the Rim Khwae Awm Community in Samut Songkhram Province. This community had been identified as a model of comfortable living. This article presents the results of an analysis of comfortable living standards derived from a review of related literature and standards derived from the participatory process with the community case study. This research found that the standards for comfortable living from the literature review gave priority to the physical aspect and factors which could be measured using scientific methods. By contrast, the community participatory standards gave priority to a holistic combination of the local ecology, environment, society, economy, and application of local wisdom.

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Prakobsil, J., W. Benjabong, A. Nitithamyong, R. Tavichatwitayakul, W. Karnpanit, N. Moungsrichan, and K. Singsoong. "Assessment of sanitation of traditional coconut sugar in Samut Songkram Province, Thailand." Toxicology Letters 196 (July 2010): S341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.1078.

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39

Kasemsawat, Srisuwan, Tatsanawalai Utarasakul, Sivapan Choo-In, and Walaiporn Phonphan. "Participation and Guideline to Reduce the Health Effects of Pesticides on Pomelo Orchards in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 5369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11737.

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40

Akaike, Takahiro, Sirikanya Chungthanawong, and Hiroyuki Motomura. "First records of the seamoth, Pegasus nanhaiensis (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes: Pegasidae), from the southern South China Sea, with notes on fresh coloration." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 52, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.52.78260.

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Three seamoth specimens (45.5–56.9 mm standard length; SL) (Syngnathiformes: Pegasidae), originally identified as Pegasus laternarius Cuvier, 1829, but now recognized as representing P. nanhaiensis Zhang, Wang et Lin, 2020, a species recently described from the northern South China Sea off Yangjiang and Beihai, China, were obtained at a local fish market in Maha Chai, Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand on 6 July 2012, having been caught in the northern Gulf of Thailand. In addition, single specimens, reported as P. laternarius or Spinipegasus laternarius from Bidong Island, South China Sea off the Malay Peninsula (46.1 mm SL) and from Ko Kradat, Trat Province, eastern Gulf of Thailand (66.1 mm SL), were re-identified here as P. nanhaiensis. Thai specimens and Malaysian record represent the first records of P. nanhaiensis from Thailand and Malaysia, respectively, and from outside Chinese coastal waters. Additionally, the Bidong specimen is the southernmost record for the species. The fresh coloration of P. nanhaiensis is described for the first time.

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41

Sudjarid, Wichidtra, and Pita Jarupunphol. "Dechlorination of 234-Trichlorobiphenyl and 2345-Tetrachlorobiphenyl by using halogenated primers." SNRU Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55674/snrujst.v14i1.244583.

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The research aimed to investigate the sustainability of the dechlorination ability of the microbes after long-term cold storage. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) dechlorinating bacteria were activated and characterisedby priming congeners. Sediment slurries (SS) were collected from several streams around the Samut Prakan Province in Thailand. While dechlorination of 234-CBp was persistent, 2345-CBp dechlorination was relatively more active. Halogenated priming congeners, including methyl 4-bromobenzene, 14-dibromobenzene, 4-bromobenzonitrile, and 4-bromobezoic hydrazide, could significantly stimulate the dechlorination of 234-CBp but not 2345- CBp. The identified PCB dechlorinating groups were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Halogenated priming congeners could activate dechlorination in Thailand, where PCBs dechlorinating microbes were abundant.

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42

Cheausuwantavee, Tavee. "Development of community based rehabilitation in Thailand: A case study in Samut Sakhon Province." Edorium Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation 3 (2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/d05-2017-34-oa-10.

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43

Chalermsri, Chalobol, Sibylle Herzig van Wees, Shirin Ziaei, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Weerasak Muangpaisan, and Syed Moshfiqur Rahman. "Exploring the Experience and Determinants of the Food Choices and Eating Practices of Elderly Thai People: A Qualitative Study." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113497.

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Over the past decade, Thailand has experienced a rapid increase in its elderly population. Many unfavorable health outcomes among elderly people are associated with nutrition. Nutrition in elderly people is affected by physical, mental, and social factors. This study explored the food choices and dietary practices among community-dwelling elderly people in Thailand from the perspective of both caregivers and the elderly people themselves. Six focus group discussions and six semistructured interviews were conducted in the Samut Sakhon Province of Thailand. Deductive thematic analyses were conducted based on the “food choice process model framework.” The results show that physical and mental factors and societal factors are important determinants of food choices. Moreover, a changing food environment and economic factors were found to affect food choices. Issues of trust in food safety and food markets were highlighted as growing issues. Therefore, fostering healthy food choice interventions that consider both environmental and societal aspects is necessary.

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44

Negri, Mauro Pietro. "A Late Pleistocene transgression in Thailand: A marine molluscan fauna from Ban Praksa (Samut Prakan Province)." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 43, no. 1 (January 2012): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.09.006.

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45

Pornpitakdamrong, Ampornsri, and Yuttana Sudjaroen. "Seablite (<i>Suaeda maritima</i>) Product for Cooking, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand." Food and Nutrition Sciences 05, no. 09 (2014): 850–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2014.59094.

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46

Suphanchaimat, Rapeepong, Titiporn Tuangratananon, Nattadhanai Rajatanavin, Mathudara Phaiyarom, Warisara Jaruwanno, and Sonvanee Uansri. "Prioritization of the Target Population for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination Program in Thailand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 10803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010803.

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Thailand was hit by the second wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a densely migrant-populated province (Samut Sakhon). COVID-19 vaccines were known to be effective; however, the supply was limited. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the effectiveness of Thailand’s COVID-19 vaccination strategy. We obtained most of the data from the Ministry of Public Health. Deterministic system dynamics and compartmental models were utilized. The reproduction number (R) between Thais and migrants was estimated at 1.25 and 2.5, respectively. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) to prevent infection was assumed at 50%. In Samut Sakhon, there were 500,000 resident Thais and 360,000 resident migrants. The contribution of migrants to the province’s gross domestic product was estimated at 20%. Different policy scenarios were analyzed. The migrant-centric vaccination policy scenario received the lowest incremental cost per one case or one death averted compared with the other scenarios. The Thai-centric policy scenario yielded an incremental cost of 27,191 Baht per one life saved, while the migrant-centric policy scenario produced a comparable incremental cost of 3782 Baht. Sensitivity analysis also demonstrated that the migrant-centric scenario presented the most cost-effective outcome even when VE diminished to 20%. A migrant-centric policy yielded the smallest volume of cumulative infections and deaths and was the most cost-effective scenario, independent of R and VE values. Further studies should address political feasibility and social acceptability of migrant vaccine prioritization.

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47

Chaiphongpachara, Tanawat, and Sedthapong Laojun. "Variation over time in wing size and shape of the coastal malaria vector Anopheles (Cellia) epiroticus Linton and Harbach (Diptera: Culicidae) in Samut Songkhram, Thailand." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 6, no. 2 (2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2019.f334.

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48

KOWASUPAT, CHANON, BHINYO PANIJPAN, PINTIP RUENWONGSA, and NAMKANG SRIWATTANAROTHAI. "Betta mahachaiensis, a new species of bubble-nesting fighting fish (Teleostei: Osphronemidae) from Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand." Zootaxa 3522, no. 1 (October 19, 2012): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3522.1.3.

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Betta mahachaiensis, a new species of fighting fish belonging to the Betta splendens group, is described. The fish inhabitsspecifically sites with brackish water and nipa palms in the Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand. It is distinguishable from othermembers of the B. splendens group in having an iridescent green/bluish-green appearance on the brown-to-black bodybackground. The opercular membrane has brown-to-black colour without red streaks or patches. The opercle has two paralleliridescent green or bluish-green vertical bars. Its dorsal, caudal, and anal fin rays are brown to black, contrasting with theiridescent green or bluish-green of the interradial membrane. Black transverse bars are present on at least the proximal two-thirds of the dorsal fin, but not on the caudal fin. The colour of the pelvic fins is brown to black with an iridescent green/ bluish-green front margin and a white tip. Females possess similar characters but are less colourful than males.

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49

Sagnuankiat, Surapol, Molee Wanichsuwan, Ekaporn Bhunnachet, Nahathai Jungarat, Kanitha Panraksa, Chalit Komalamisra, Wanna Maipanich, et al. "Health Status of Immigrant Children and Environmental Survey of Child Daycare Centers in Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand." Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 18, no. 1 (December 12, 2014): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0146-0.

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50

Muangchinda, C., R. Pansri, W. Wongwongsee, and O. Pinyakong. "Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation potential in mangrove sediment from Don Hoi Lot, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand." Journal of Applied Microbiology 114, no. 5 (February 1, 2013): 1311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.12128.

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