Статті в журналах: "Salinity"

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Widawati, Dieng, Gunawan Widi Santosa, and Ervia Yudiati. "Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis terhadap Kandungan Pigmen beda Salinitias." Journal of Marine Research 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v11i1.30096.

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Spirulina platensis merupakan mikroalga hijau-kebiruan dalam kelas Cyanophyceae yang mengandung klorofil-a dan fikobiliprotein. Faktor lingkungan yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan pigmen Spirulina platensis salah satunya yaitu salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kandungan pigmen mikroalga Spirulina platensis pada salinitas yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratoris dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepadatan mikroalga tertinggi pada (salinitas 15 ppt) sebesar 211.875±1994 unit/mL dan terendah pada salinitas 25 sebesar 141.539±5872 unit/mL. Laju pertumbuhan tertinggi didapat pada salinitas 20 ppt sebesar 0,327±0,019 unit/hari dan terendah pada salinitas 25 ppt sebesar 0,246±0,012 unit/hari. Kandungan klorofil-a berkisar antara 10,622±1,322 µg/mLpada salinitas 30 ppt dan 8,176±2,426 µg/mL pada salinitas 15 ppt. Kandungan fikosianin berkisar antara 0,105 ± 0,041 mg/mL (salinitas 20 ppt) sampai 0,058 ± 0,005 mg/mL (salinitas 30 ppt). Allofikosianin berkisar antara 0,069±0,010 mg/mL pada salinitas 20 ppt sampai 0,042±0,007 mg/mL pada salinitas 30 ppt. Kisaran fikoeritrin antara 0,384±0,159 mg/mL pada salinitas 20 ppt sampai 0,239±0,014 mg/mL pada salinitas 30 ppt. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa salinitas memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan dan laju pertumbuhan, namun tidak pada kandungan pigmen mikroalga Spirulina platensis. Kandungan klorofil a dan fikobiliprotein yang terdiri dari fikosianin, allofikosianin dan fikoeritrin, tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada salinitas yang berbeda. Spirulina platensis is a blue-green microalga in the Cyanophyceae class that contains chlorophyll-a and phycobiliprotein. One of the environmental factors affecting the growth and pigment of Spirulina platensis is salinity. This study aims to determine the growth and pigment content of Spirulina platensis at different level of salinity. The research was carried out from March till April 2020 at the Marine Biology Laboratory and Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Building E, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The research method used was a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized design. The results showed that the highest microalgae density achieved at salinity 15 ppt as 211.875±1994 units/mL, meanwhile the lowest was gained at salinity 25 ppt at 141.539 ± 5872 units/mL. The highest growth rate was obtained at 0.327 ± 0.019 unit/day at salinity 20 ppt, and the lowest was achived at 0.246 ± 0.012 unit/day at salinity 25 ppt. The chlorophyll content ranged from 10.622 ± 1.322 µg/mL at salinity 30 ppt and 8.176 ± 2.426 µg/mL at salinity 15 ppt. The phycocyanin content ranged from 0.105 ± 0.041 mg/mL at salinity 20 ppt to 0.058 ± 0.005 mg/mL at salinity 30 ppt. Allophycocyanin ranged from 0.069 ± 0.010 mg/mL at salinity 20 ppt to 0.042 ± 0.007 mg/mL at salinity 30 ppt, and phycoerythrin ranged from 0.384 ± 0.159 mg/mL at salinity 20 ppt to 0.239 ± 0.014 mg/mL at salinity 30 ppt. The results suggested that salinity had a significant effect (p<0.05) on density biomass and growth rate of Spirulina platensis microalgae, but did not influence on pigment concentration. Measurements of chlorophyll-a and phycobiliprotein content, including phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin indicated that salinity did not affect the pigment concentration of microalgae Spirulina platensis.

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Kalangi, Patrice NI, Anselun Mandagi, Kawilarang WA Masengi, Alfret Luasunaung, Fransisco PT Pangalila, and Masamitsu Iwata. "SEBARAN SUHU DAN SALINITAS DI TELUK MANADO." JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2013): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4179.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran suhu dan salinitas di Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Pengukuran suhu dan salinitas secara vertikal dilakukan di delapan tempat di teluk. Profil vertikal suhu dan salinitas memperlihatkan keberadaan pelapisan kolom air. Secara horizontal, kontur suhu dan salinitas di permukaan memiliki dua “kolam” massa air, yakni kolam yang bersuhu tinggi tapi bersalinitas rendah di bagian timur teluk dan kolam yang bersuhu rendah tapi bersalinitas tinggi di bagian barat teluk. Pada lapisan dalam, kontur suhu dan salinitas cenderung sejajar dengan garis pantai bagian timur. Kata kunci: suhu, salinitas, air sungai, Teluk Manado. The objective of this research is to describe temperature and salinity distribution in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi. The vertical measurements of temperature and salinity were done at eight locations in the bay. The vertical profiles of temperature and salinity shows the existence of water column stratification. Horizontally, temperature and salinity contours of the surface layer have two pools, i.e. a pool of high temperature but low salinity in the eastern part of the bay and a pool of low temperature but high salinity in the western part of bay. In a deeper layer, the contours of temperature and salinity tend to be parallel to eastern coastline. Keywords: temperature, salinity, river discharge, Manado Bay.

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3

Nirmala, K., D. P. Lesmono, and D. Djokosetiyanto. "Effect of Salinity Adaptation Technique on Survival and Growth Rate of Patin Catfish, Pangasius sp." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.4.25-30.

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This study was carried out to determine the effect of salinity adaptation techniques on growth and survival of patin catfish Pangasius sp. fry. Fry of 1.5-2.0 inch in length were reared in the water with different of the initial salinity of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ppt. Salinity was then daily increased by duplicated the initial water salinity until fish died. The results of study showed that fry could survive by initial salinity adaptation of 1 ppt and then increasing the salinity by 1 ppt/day to reach 27 ppt. In the other treatments, all fry died after the salinity reach 18-25 ppt. Keywords: patin catfish, Pangasius, adaptation, salinity ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik adaptasi salinitas terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan patin Pangasius sp. Benih patin ukuran 1,5-2 inci dipelihara pada salinitas awal berbeda, yaitu 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 ppt. Salinitas air pemeliharaan ditingkatkan kelipatan dari salinitas awal setiap hari hingga ikan mati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi salinitas awal 1 ppt dan peningkatan sebesar 1ppt/hari menyebabkan ikan dapat bertahan hidup sampai pada salinitas 27 ppt. Pada perlakuan lainnya, benih ikan mengalami kematian masal ketika salinitas mencapai 18-25 ppt. Kata kunci: ikan patin, Pangasius, adaptasi, salinitas

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Kasih, Irla Deskia, Nanda Mayani, and Cut Nur Ichsan. "Pengaruh Waktu dan Tingkat Salinitas terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Padi (Oriza sativa L.)." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v7i2.20132.

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Abstrak. Padi merupakan tanaman pangan yang menghasilkan beras berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Fase awal pertumbuhan tanaman padi merupakan fase yang peka terhadap pengaruh salinitas, salinitas yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu dan tingkat salinitas terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca 2, Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan dan Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung pada Agustus sampai Oktober 2021. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Petak Terpisah (RPT) 3 x 6 dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama waktu terjadinya salinitas (W) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (0 hari setelah tanam, 15 hari setelah tanam dan 30 hari setelah tanam), anak petak tingkat salinitas (K) yang terdiri dari 6 taraf (0, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000 dan 10000 ppm). Analisis ragam menunjukkan pengaruh interaksi yang nyata dan sangat nyata sehingga dilanjutkan dengan Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). Salinitas yang terjadi pada saat tanam pertumbuhan dapat menyamai kondisi tanpa salinitas (kontrol), sampai tingkat salinitas 6000 ppm, cekaman salinitas yang terjadi pada 15 HST dan 30 HST pertumbuhan masih dapat menyamai tingkat pertumbuhan pada perlakuan tanpa salinitas, sampai tingkas salinitas 10000 ppm pada parameter berat kering tajuk. Effect of Salinity Stress on Vegetative Growth of Rice (Oriza sativa L.)Abstract. Rice is a staple food that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. The initial phase of rice plant growth is a phase that is sensitive to salinity, high salinity can affect the growth of rice plants. This study aims to determine the effect of salinity on the growth of rice plants. This research was carried out in Greenhouse 2, Plant Physiology Laboratory and Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University which took place from August to October 2021. The study used a Split Plot Design (SPD) with 2 treatment factors of 3 x 6 with 3 replications. The main plot of the time of salinity occurred (W) consisting of 3 levels (0 days after planting, 15 days after planting and 30 days after planting), subplots of salinity level (K) consisting of 6 levels (0. 2000, 4000, 6000 , 8000 and 10000 ppm). Analysis of variance showed the interaction effect so the test was continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). The results showed that the salinity that occurred at the time of planting growth could match the conditions without salinity (control), up to a salinity level of 6000 ppm, salinity stress that occurred at 15 DAP and 30 DAP, the growth could still match the growth rate in the treatment without salinity, up to a salinity level of 10000 ppm on the shoot dry weight parameter.

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Prayoga, Gigih Ibnu, Eries Dyah Mustikarini, and Novin Wandra. "Seleksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) lokal Bangka toleran cekaman salinitas." Jurnal Agro 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/3366.

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Seleksi cekaman salinitas kacang tanah dilakukan untuk mendapatkan tetua yang toleran terhadap salinitas dan memperbaiki sifat kacang tanah dalam kegiatan pemuliaan tanaman. Informasi genotip unggul kacang tanah toleran terhadap salinitas sangat diperlukan sebagai dasar pemilihan genotip tetua yang adaptif pada lahan salin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kacang tanah yang memiliki sifat toleran cekaman salinitas dan menentukan konsentrasi air laut yang dapat ditoleransi oleh tanaman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan dan Penelitian, Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Perikanan dan Biologi, Universitas Bangka Belitung, pada bulan Februari–April 2018. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola split plot dengan 2 ulangan. Petak utama adalah tingkat salinitas yaitu non-salin (kontrol), salinitas rendah, dan salinitas sedang. Anak petak adalah 5 genotip kacang tanah yaitu aksesi lokal (Belimbing dan Arung dalam) dan varietas nasional (Tuban, Kancil, dan Hypoma). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Hypoma memiliki karakter jumlah daun dan diameter batang yang paling baik, namun tidak toleran terhadap cekaman salinitas sedang. Aksesi Belimbing merupakan genotip toleran salinitas rendah berdasarkan nilai indeks toleransi cekaman salinitas. Selection of groundnut tolerant to salinity stress is carried out to obtain parent genotypes tolerant to salinity and improve the characteristics of groundnut in plant breeding program. The information of superior groundnut genotypes tolerant to salinity is necessary as the basic of genotypes selection adaptive in the saline area. The research aimed to obtain the groundnut tolerant to salinity stress and determine the concentration of seawater that can be tolerated by groundnut. This research was conducted at The Experiment and Research Field, Faculty of Agriculture Fisheries and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung, from February to April 2018. The research used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) split plot with two replications. Main plot was concentrations of seawater; non-saline (control), low salinity, and moderate salinity. The subplot was groundnut genotypes of local accessions (Belimbing and Arung Dalam) and national varieties (Tuban, Kancil, and Hypoma). The results of this research indicated that Hypoma has the best result for plant height and diameter of stem, but intolerant to moderate salinity stress. Belimbing was the genotype with low salinity tolerance based on score index of tolerant salinity stress.

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Patty, Simon I. "Distribution Temperature, Salinity And Dissolved Oxygen In Waters Kema, North Sulawesi." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 1, no. 3 (August 30, 2013): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.1.3.2013.2580.

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ABSTRACT Distribution Temperature, Salinity and Dissolved Oxygen in Kema Waters, North Sulawesi. Distribution of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in the water is very influential on the various aspects of the other parameters, such as chemical reactions and biological processes. Research on the conditions of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in the Kema waters, North Sulawesi in April and May 2010. The results showed that temperature ranges from 28.2 to 32.5°C with an average of (30.1 ± 1.11°C), salinity between 28.0 to 33.0o/oo with an average of (31.7 ± 1.36o/oo) and dissolved oxygen between 3.46 to 6.25 ppm with an average of (4.73 ± 0.76 ppm). Distribution of values of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen levels vary. Variations in temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in these waters was affercted by external factors including weather, wind and currents. Conditions of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in this waters were still relatively normal and preferable for marine life. Keywords : temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, Kema, North Sulawesi ABSTRAK Distribusi suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut di suatu perairan sangat berpengaruh pada berbagai aspek parameter lain, seperti reaksi kimia dan proses biologi. Penelitian mengenai kondisi suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut di perairan Kema, Sulawesi Utara dilakukan pada bulan April dan Mei 2010. Hasilnya menunjukkan suhu berkisar antara 28,2 - 32,5oC dengan rata-rata (30,1±1,11oC), salinitas antara 28,0-33,0o/oo dengan rata-rata (31,7±1,36o/oo) dan oksigen terlarut antara 3,46-6,25 ppm dengan rata-rata (4,73±0,76 ppm). Sebaran nilai suhu, salinitas dan kadar oksigen terlarut cukup bervariasi. Bervariasinya suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut di perairan ini dipengruhi oleh fakktor eksternal antara lain cuaca, angin dan arus. Kondisi suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlaut perairan ini masih tergolong normal dan baik untuk kehidupan biota laut. Kata kunci : suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut, Kema, Sulawesi Utara

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Hadie, Wartono, Irin Iriana Kusmini, and Lies Emmawati Hadie. "RADE-OFFS DAN COST OF PLASTICITY SIFAT PERTUMBUHAN DAN REPRODUKSI PADA PERSILANGAN UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) DALAM SALINITAS BERBEDA." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 1, no. 1 (November 15, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.1.1.2006.13-19.

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Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh salinitas pada karakter pertumbuhan dan reproduksi dalam bentuk trade-offs dan cost of plasticity. Benih udang galah dengan bobot 0,01 ± 0,012 g dipelihara pada tiga level salinitas 0‰, 10‰, dan 15‰ dengan tiga ulangan. Sembilan persilangan diperoleh dari perkawinan antar dan dalam strain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada salinitas 10‰, udang memperlambat pertumbuhan sebesar 16,4% dan pada salinitas 15‰ memperlambat pertumbuhan 34,5%. Trade-offs terjadi dengan menurunkan fekunditas sebesar 0,47% pada salinitas 10‰, dan sebesar 18,73% pada salinitas 15‰. Sintasan udang mengalami penurunan sebesar 33,04% pada salainitas 10‰, dan 41,99% pada salinitas 15‰. Pertumbuhan udang terbaik terjadi pada salinitas 0‰ dengan rataan bobot mencapai 25,16 g, sintasan sebesar 63,17%, dan fekunditas berjumlah 23.384 butir telur.Research aimed to evaluated the effects of growth and reproduction trait in salinity expressed on the trade-offs and cost of plasticity. Giant prawn juvenile 0.01 ± 0.012 g of body weight were reared at three different salinities level i.e. 0‰, 10‰, and 15‰ with three replications. Nine crosses strain were obtained from cross breeding between and within strain. Result of research indicated that salinity of 10‰, prawn slower the growth equal to 16.4% and at salinity of 15‰ slower the growth up to 34.5%. Trade-offs happened by decreasing fecundity equal to 0.47% and 18.73% at salinity 10‰ and 15‰ respectively. Decreased of survival rate were 33.04% and 41.99% at salinity 10‰ and 15‰ respectively. The best performance is that salinity of 0‰ are 25.16 g, 63.17%, and 23,384 eggs for the body weight, survival rate, and fecundity respectively.

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Izwar, Akmal, Anis Nugrahawati, Irfannur, Yusrizal Akmal, Asih Makarti Muktitama, Rossy Azhar, Syahirman Hakim, and Rahma Mulyani. "Efektifitas Sistem Dekapsulasi Dengan Salinitas Berbeda Terhadap Daya Tetas (Hatching Rate) Siste Artemia." Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Perikanan dan Budidaya Perairan 19, no. 1 (June 25, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31851/jipbp.v19i1.15940.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap daya tetas artemia dekapsulasi. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan A artemia dekapsulasi dengan salinitas 20 ppt Perlakuan B artemia dekapsulasi dengan salinitas 25 ppt, perlakuan C artemia dekapsulasi salinitas 30 ppt dan kontrol penetasan artemia non dekapsulasi salinitas 30 ppt. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan. Daya tetas tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan C yaitu Artemia dekapsulasi dengan salinitas 30 ppt sebesar 88,55%, daya tetas perlakuan B sebesar 68,51%, daya tetas perlakuan A sebesar 54,98%, dan kontrol menunjukkan daya tetas paling rendah yaitu sebesar 51,51%. Proses dekapsulasi dengan kadar Salinitas berbeda dalam proses penetasan siste artemia mempengaruhi daya tetas artemia. Artemia dekapsulasi dengan media penetasan bersalinitas 30 ppt mampu meningkatkan daya tetas sebesar 37,04% dari perlakuan kontrol. This study aims to determine the effect of salinity on the hatching rate of decapsulated Artemia. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment A of decapsulated artemia with a salinity of 20 ppt. Treatment B of decapsulated artemia with a salinity of 25 ppt, treatment C of decapsulated artemia with a salinity of 30 ppt and kontrol non-decapsulated artemia hatching with a salinity of 30 ppt. The research results showed that there were differences between treatments. The highest hatching rate was in treatment C, namely decapsulated Artemia with a salinity of 30 ppt of 88.55%, the hatching rate of treatment B was 68.51%, the hatching rate of treatment A was 54.98%, and the kontrol showed the lowest hatching rate of 51 .51%. The decapsulation process with different levels of salinity in the hatching process of the artemia system affects the hatching rate of artemia. Artemia decapsulation with hatching media with a salinity of 30 ppt was able to increase hatching rate by 37.04% from the kontrol treatment.

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Yuliani, Tina Anggun, Sutrisno Anggoro, and Anhar Solichin. "PENGARUH SALINITAS BERBEDA TERHADAP RESPON OSMOTIK, REGULASI ION DAN PERTUMBUHAN IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla sp.) FASE ELVER SELAMA MASA AKLIMASI DAN KULTIVASI." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 7, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v7i4.22567.

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Salinitas yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tubuh ikan diperlukan untuk efisiensi penggunaan energi tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon osmotik, regulasi ion dan pertumbuhan elver ikan sidat pada salinitas berbeda. Penelitian dan penulisan dilaksanakan dari Maret-Juli 2018 menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 level salinitas dan 3 kali ulangan. Elver ikan sidat dipelihara pada akuarium dengan ukuran 30 x 20 x 20 cm yang dilengkapi aerator dan pipa peralon sebagai shelter. Elver ikan sidat dipelihara selama 42 hari dengan pergantian air media dan pemberian pakan setiap 2 hari sekali. Pengukuran panjang dan bobot tubuh dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Osmolaritas media dan osmolaritas haemolymph di ukur menggunakan osmometer. Uji pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menentukan salinitas yang digunakan pada uji utama. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu rata-rata osmolaritas media dan haemolymph pada salinitas 0 ‰, 2‰ dan 4 ‰ berturut-turut bernilai 1,7 ‰ mOsm/l H2O, 60,28 mOsm/l H2O, 116,4 mOsm/l H2O dan 47,56 mOsm/l H2O, 62,28 mOsm/l H2O, 68,1 mOsm/l H2O. Rata-rata panjang tubuh dan penurunan bobot tubuh pada salinitas 0 ‰, 2‰ dan 4 ‰ berturut-turut yaitu 1,05 cm, 2,07 cm, 0,84 cm dan 3,55 g, 0,82 g, 2, 65 g. Konsentrasi ion rata-rata pada salinitas 0 ‰, 2‰ dan 4 ‰ berturut-turut bernilai 0,27 g/l, 3,25 g/l dan 0,21 g/l. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa salinitas isoosmotik dan tingkat kerja osmotik terendah pada salinitas 1,97 ‰. Pertumbuhan panjang tertinggi dan penurunan bobot tubuh terendah berada pada salinitas 2 ‰ serta konsentrasi ion tertinggi pada salinitas 2 ‰. Salinity that suits with the fish needs is necessary for the efficient use of energy in the body. This study aims to determine the osmotic response, ion regulation and elver eel fish growth at different salinity. The research was conducted from March to July 2018 and used a complete randomized design with 3 levels of salinity and 3 replications. Elver eel is kept in aquarium with size 30 x 20 x 20 cm which is equipped with aerator and pipe as shelter. Elver eel is maintained for 42 days with water change media and feeding every 2 days. Measurements of length and body weight were performed at the beginning and end of the study. Media osmolarity and haemolymph osmolarity are measured using an osmometer. The experiment preliminary aims to determine salinity that use at experiment prime.The results obtained were the mean of media osmolarity and haemolymph at salinity of 0 ‰, 2 ‰ and 4 ‰ respectively were 1.7 ‰ mOsm / l H2O, 60.28 mOsm / l H2O, 116.4 mOsm / l H2O and 47,56 mOsm / l H2O, 62.28 mOsm / l H2O, 68.1 mOsm / l H2O. Average of body length and decrease of body weight at salinity of 0 ‰, 2 ‰ and 4 ‰ respectively were 1.05 cm, 2.07 cm, 0.84 cm and 3.55 g, 0.82 g, 2.65 g. The mean ion concentrations in the salinity of 0 ‰, 2 ‰ and 4 ‰ were 0.27 g / l, 3.25 g / l and 0.21 g / l respectively. Based on the research results it can be seen that the isoosmotic salinity and the lowest osmotic work rate are at salinity 1.97 ‰. The highest growth length and the lowest body weight decrease is at 2 ‰ salinity and the highest ion concentration is at 2 ‰ salinity.

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Kinsou, Eliane, Abdou Madjid Amoussa, Armel Clément Goudjo Mensah, Julien Koffi Kpinkoun, Françoise Assogba Komlan, Hyacinte Ahissou, Latifou Lagnika, and Christophe Bernard Gandonou. "Effet de la salinité sur la floraison, la fructification et la qualité nutritionnelle des fruits du cultivar local Akikon de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) du Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 737–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i2.27.

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La tomate est l’un des légumes les plus consommés au monde et au Bénin. Il est largement établi que la salinité agit négativement sur la germination et la croissance et modifie considérablement la concentration des composés bioactives des légumes. Au Bénin, la tomate est cultivée partiellement sur les terres cultivables des régions côtières où la salinité du sol et de l’eau d’irrigation est une réalité. Cette étude visait à évaluer l’effet de la salinité sur la floraison, la fructification et la composition nutritionnelle des fruits de tomate du cultivar local Akikon. Les plantes de trois semaines ont été arrosées jusqu’à la maturité des fruits avec diverses concentrations de NaCl de 0, 30, 60 et 120 mM. La date d’apparition des premières fleurs, la date de maturation des fruits ainsi que les teneurs en protéines des fruits n’ont pas été significativement affectées par la salinité alors que le nombre de fruits par plante, le poids des fruits, les teneurs en sucres solubles totaux et en sucres réducteurs subissent une réduction significative sous l’effet du NaCl. Par contre, les teneurs en lycopène, en vitamines B6, B12 et C ont connu une augmentation significative avec l’augmentation de la concentration de NaCl. La salinité a donc réduit la production de tomate et amélioré la qualité nutritionnelle des fruits en augmentant notamment ses teneurs en vitamines et en lycopène.Mots clés: Salinité, teneur en nutriments, sucres, lycopène, vitamines. English title:Effect of salt stress on flowering, fructification and fruit nutritional quality of Benin local tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar AkikonTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the most important consumable vegetable in the world and in Benin. It is widely established that salinity acts negatively on germination and growth and considerably modifies the concentration of bioactive compounds in vegetables. In Benin, tomato is partially cultivated on arable lands in coastal regions where soil and irrigation water salinity is a reality. This study investigated the impact of salinity on flowering, fructification, and fruit nutrient contents of a local cultivar of tomato Akikon. Three weeks old plants were irrigated with four NaCl concentrations: 0; 30; 60 and 120 mM NaCl till fruit ripening. The date of first flower appearance, the date of fruit ripening and fruit protein content were not affected by salinity; whereas fruit number, fruit fresh mass, fruit soluble sugars and reducing sugars contents were significantly decreased by increasing salinity. Moreover, lycopen and vitamins B6, B12 and C contents increased significantly when salinity concentration increased. Thus, salinity reduced tomato productivity but improved fruit nutritional quality by mainly increasing vitamins and lycopen contents.Keywords: Salinity, nutrients content, lycopen, sugars, vitamins.

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SUHAIL, Faris Mohammed, and Imad Adnan MAHDI. "Test the efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasciculatum) and magnetic water to reduce the effect of salinity on plant onion (Allium cepa L.)." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 70, no. 2 (November 25, 2013): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9750.

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We carried out two factorial experiments in pots (capacity 4 kg) in order to increase the salt toleranceÂ ofÂ oneÂ ofÂ ourÂ importantÂ plant -Â onion,Â usingÂ inoculationÂ withÂ mycorrhizalÂ fungiÂ (Glomus fasciculatum) and magnetized water under conditions of salinity stress. The first experiment aims the interactionÂ betweenÂ fungusÂ inoculationÂ andÂ fourÂ levelsÂ ofÂ salineÂ drainageÂ waterÂ (0.66,Â 5.0,Â 7.5,Â 10.0 ds/m)Â andÂ theÂ secondÂ experimentÂ aimsÂ theÂ interactionÂ betweenÂ theÂ inoculationÂ factorÂ andÂ theÂ water magnetic and two soils with different salinity (5.6, 13.4 ds/m). The results showed that the inoculation withÂ theÂ mycorrhizalÂ fungiÂ ledÂ toÂ aÂ significantÂ increaseÂ inÂ height,Â freshÂ weightÂ andÂ dryÂ weightÂ of onionsÂ toÂ allÂ levelsÂ ofÂ salinityÂ comparedÂ withÂ noÂ additionÂ ofÂ inoculation,Â whileÂ ledÂ toÂ aÂ significant reduction in electrical conductivity and the percentage of AM colonization of all levels of salts water. TheÂ treatmentÂ withÂ inoculationÂ andÂ magnetizedÂ waterÂ whenÂ theÂ salinityÂ wasÂ 13.4Â ds.m-1Â recorded significantÂ increaseÂ forÂ plantsÂ height,Â freshÂ weightÂ andÂ dryÂ weightÂ (38.46%,Â 60.0%,Â 92.30%) respectively compared to the variant without inoculation, only with addition of water non-magnetized atÂ theÂ sameÂ soilÂ salinity.Â TheÂ additionÂ ofÂ mycorrhizalÂ fungiÂ (GlomusÂ fasciculatum)Â andÂ magnetized water impact significant in reducing the electric conductivity (Ec) in soil salinity (13.4 ds/m) while it affects significantly the percentage of AM colonization in both two soils.

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Hermawanto, Hanny Adityanta. "KAJIAN SEBARAN SALINITAS DENGAN MODEL HEC-RAS DI DAERAH IRIGASI TAMBAK SEI TERAS KALIMANTAN TENGAH." JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR 19, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32679/jsda.v19i2.834.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to evaluate the distribution of salinity with a mathematical model to enhance advanced aquaculture cultivation. The Sei Teras Fishpond Irrigation Area is one of the aquaculture development areas of the food security program (Food Estate) influenced by tides. Currently, the technology used is simple, and the availability of seeds and feeds depends on nature. The water quality parameters with a specific threshold are needed as an advanced aquaculture requirement to achieve the production level. Vannamei shrimp, as a development commodity, requires a salinity concentration of 15-25 ppt for optimal growth. This study will evaluate the potential of salinity from alternative schemes of introducing gates and normalization against existing conditions using the HEC-RAS program. This program can resolve water quality models with a hydrodynamic simulation procedure through a series of mathematical equations. The simulation results show that the availability of salinity in the two tidal cycles of the spring tide and neap tide could fulfill around 86.7% for 15 days. The normalization has no significant impact on the availability of salinity against existing conditions. The gate influences the longitudinal distribution pattern of salinity. The salinity value above 19 ppt could reach the upstream of the canal up to ± 7 km, while the existing condition could only reach ± 4 km. Therefore, the expected potential of salinity could be achieved.Keywords: salinity, model simulation, distribution, an alternative scheme ABSTRAKKajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sebaran salinitas dengan model matematis dalam upaya meningkatkan teknik budidaya akuakultur maju. Daerah Irigasi Tambak Sei Teras merupakan salah satu wilayah pengembangan budidaya perairan dalam program ketahanan pangan (Food Estate) yang dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air laut. Teknik budidaya saat ini tergolong tradisional dengan benih dari alam. Dalam upaya pengembangan ke level budidaya maju diperlukan parameter kualitas air dengan ambang tertentu agar produksi yang diharapkan dapat tercapai. Udang vaname sebagai komoditas pengembangan membutuhkan konsentrasi salinitas 15-25 ppt untuk tumbuh optimal. Pada kajian ini akan mengevaluasi potensi salinitas dari kondisi eksisting dan beberapa skema alternatif seperti pembangunan pintu air dan normalisasi saluran menggunakan HEC-RAS. Sebuah aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan model kualitas air dengan pendekatan simulasi hidrodinamik melalui serangkaian persamaan matematik. Hasil simulasi eksisting menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan salinitas pada dua siklus pasang surut spring tide dan neap tide dapat memenuhi sekitar 86,7% selama 15 hari pada dua kondisi pasang surut. Normalisasi saluran tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap ketersediaan salinitas dibanding kondisi eksisting. Adanya pintu air berpengaruh terhadap pola sebaran salinitas secara memanjang. Salinitas dengan nilai tinggi diatas 19 ppt dapat menjangkau hulu saluran hingga ± 7 km sedangkan kondisi eksisting hanya mampu terdistribusi ± 4 km. Dengan demikian, potensi salinitas yang diharapkan dapat tercapai.Kata Kunci: salinitas, simulasi model, distribusi, skema alternatif

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Madinawati, Samliok Ndobe, and Afiat Gamgulu. "Growth of Banggai Cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni Reared at Different Salinity in a Controlled System." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2009): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.8.193-198.

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The research was conducted to study the effect of salinity on the growth of Banggai Cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni. The research was set up in completely randomized design with different salinity as the main variable, i.e. 27, 29, 31, 33 and 35 ppt with 4 replications. The result showed that the lowest salinity (27 ppt) resulted in the highest fish growth (1.625 g). Keywords : Growth, salinity, Banggai Cardinalfish ABSTRAK Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap pertumbuhan ikan kardinal banggai Pterapogon kauderni yang dipelihara dalam akuarium. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan salinitas, yaitu 27, 29, 31, 33 dan 35 ppt, masing-masing 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan berat mutlak (1,625 g) tertinggi diperoleh pada salinitas 27 ppt. Kata kunci : Pertumbuhan, salinitas, Kardinal Banggai

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Kalbadri, Muhammad, Ichwana Ramli, and Muhammad Faisal. "Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Salinity In The Coastal Area of Aceh Besar District." Elkawnie 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v8i2.11719.

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Abstract: Utilization of groundwater sources is still an alternative for people living in the coastal areas of Aceh Besar District. If the use of groundwater is carried out continuously, it will have a negative impact on the quality and quantity of groundwater. So the purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of groundwater salinity in the coastal areas of Aceh Besar District. The sample points were determined based on the random sampling method in grids. Sample testing for groundwater salinity was carried out directly in the field according to the planned location. The data obtained was inputted into Microsoft excel and mapping of groundwater salinity distribution using the Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) method with Argis software. A correlation test was performed with Pearson Product Moment. Based on the measurement results, 20 sample points of high salinity were measured. The distribution of salinity values also has a relationship with coastal distance, where the distribution of salinity in general, the farther the groundwater is from the coast, the lower the salinity value, and the closer the groundwater to the coast, the higher the salinity.Abstrak: Pemanfaatan sumber air tanah masih menjadi alternatif bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jika pemanfaatan air tanah dilakukan secara terus-menerus akan berdampak negatif secara kualitas dan kuantitas air tanah. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran salinitas air tanah di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Titik sampel ditentukan berdasarkan metode random sampling in grids. Pengujian sampel untuk salinitas air tanah dilakukan langsung di lapangan sesuai dengan lokasi yang telah direncanakan. Data yang diperoleh diinput ke dalam Microsoft excel dan pemetaan distribusi salinitas air tanah menggunakan metode Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) dengan perangkat lunak Argis. Uji korelasi dilakukan dengan Pearson Product Moment. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, nilai salinitas yang tinggi terukur sebanyak 20 titik sampel. Nilai salinitas tinggi pada umumnya dipengaruhi oleh intrusi air asin terhadap air tawar. Faktor sebaran salinitas air tanah terjadi akibat intrusi, penggunaan lahan yang dekat dengan tambak dan muara sungai, faktor sebaran salinitas juga dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan penduduk. Sebaran nilai salinitas juga memiliki hubungan dengan jarak pantai, dimana sebaran salinitas secara umum, semakin jauh air tanah dengan jarak pantai maka nilai salinitasnya semakin rendah, dan semakin dekat air tanah dengan jarak pantai maka salinitasnya semakin tinggi.

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Kalangi, Patrice NI, Kawilarang WA Masengi, Masamitsu Iwata, Fransisco PT Pangalila, and Ixchel F. Mandagi. "PROFIL SALINITAS DAN SUHU DI TELUK MANADO PADA HARI-HARI HUJAN DAN TIDAK HUJAN." JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS 8, no. 3 (December 12, 2012): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.8.3.2012.2443.

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Pengukuran salinitas dan suhu perairan dilakukan pada hari-hari hujan dan tidak hujan di dua tempat di perairan Teluk Manado, yang memiliki lima sungai utama di pinggirannya, untuk menyelidiki profil vertikal dari salinitas dan suhu, serta ketebalan air tawar. Profil salinitas dan suhu perairan pada hari yang sama di kedua tempat adalah mirip. Pada hari-hari hujan, salinitas rata-rata lapisan permukaan perairan adalah 33,9 lebih rendah 0,3 dibandingkan pada hari-hari tidak hujan. Salinitas permukaan ini setara dengan ketebalan lapisan air tawar sebesar 0,45 m. di lapisan permukaan, profil suhu cukup mirip. Akan tetapi, pada lapisan yang lebih dalam, suhu berosilasi pada fase yang berbeda dengan bertambahnya kedalaman. Kata kunci: ketebalan lapisan air tawar, termoklin, Bunaken. Salinity and temperature measurements were carried out on rainy days and non rainy days in two locations in Manado Bay, which is the outlet of fresh water masses from five main rivers, to investigate vertical profiles of salinity and temperature, and the thickness of the fresh water layer. Same day salinity and temperature profiles in both places is similar. On rainy days, the average salinity in the surface layer was 33.9, 0.3 lower than that of non rainy days. The surface salinity is equivalent to the thickness of the freshwater layer thickness of 0.45 m. In the surface layer, the temperature profile is quite similar. However, in the deeper layers, the temperature oscillates at different phases according to the increasing depths. Keywords: freshwater thickness, thermocline, Bunaken.

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Djunaedi, Ali, Chrisna Adi Suryono, and Sardjito Sardjito. "Kandungan Pigmen Polar Dan Biomassa Pada Mikroalga Dunaliella Salina Dengan Salinitas Berbeda." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 20, no. 1 (July 19, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v20i1.1347.

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Polar pigments content and biomass of Dunaliella salina are affected by salinity related to osmotic pressure and density of media. This study was to determine the effect of salinity on pigment contents and dried biomass of microalgae D. salina. The cultivation used microalgae derived from Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Research method was the Laboratory study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Consisting of one treatment with five stages of salinity treatments: 20 ppt, 25 ppt, 30 ppt, 35 ppt, and 40 ppt and using three times of repetition. Analysis of pigments used UV-Vis spectrophotometric extracted with acetone as the solvent. Harvesting time was when it reached at the stationair phase using flocculation method. The results showed that salinity had the significant effect (P <0.05) on polar pigment and dry biomass. The treatments of 35 ppt showed that the highest content phycocyanin and allophycocyanin pigments were 11.341 mg/gram and 9.644 mg/gram respectively. The highest dry biomass was achieved at 35 ppt salinity treatment at 0.789 gram/L. Keywords: Dunaliella salina, salinity, Polar pigment, Biomass. Kandungan pigmen polar dan biomassa Dunaliella salina dipengaruhi oleh salinitas yang berkaitan dengan tekanan osmotik dan densitas media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap kandungan pigmen polar dan biomassa kering D. salina. Biota uji diperoleh dari Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen laboratoris dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 1 perlakuan dengan 5 taraf perlakuan salinitas, yaitu: 20 ppt, 25 ppt, 30 ppt, 35 ppt, dan 40 ppt dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis pigmen dengan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis yang diekstraksi menggunakan larutan aseton. Pemanenan biomassa pada fase stasioner dengan menggunakan metode flokulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas berpengaruh terhadap kandungan pigmen dan biomassa kering Dunaliella salina. Perlakuan salinitas 35 ppt menghasilkan kadar pigmen fikosianin dan allofikosianin tertinggi, yaitu 11,341 mg/gram, dan 9,644 mg/gram, serta menghasilkan biomassa kering tertinggi, yaitu 0,789 gram/L. Kata Kunci : Dunaliella salina, Salinitas, Pigmen polar, Biomassa

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Indrawati, Agnes Eri, and Lili Sugiyarto. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MIKORIZA TERHADAP KUALITAS BUAH TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. var. Servo) DALAM BEBERAPA VARIASI KONSENTRASI CEKAMAN SALINITAS." Kingdom (The Journal of Biological Studies) 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/kingdom.v9i1.18287.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mikoriza terhadap kualitas buah tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. var. Servo) pada beberapa konsentrasi salinitas. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Green House Biologi, FMIPA, UNY pada bulan Desember 2020 – Mei 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor yaitu mikoriza dan salinitas. Perlakuan mikoriza pada penelitian ini adalah tidak diberi mikoriza dan diberi mikoriza. Konsentrasi salinitas yang diberikan adalah 0 ppm, 550 ppm, 1100 ppm, dan 2750 ppm. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah tanaman tomat varietas Servo F1. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan uji Two-Way ANOVA (Univariate)dilanjutkan dengan uji DuncanMultiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mikoriza serta perlakuan salinitas tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter jumlah kuncup, jumlah buah, dan ketebalan daging buah, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemanisan buah. Perlakuan salinitas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat buah dan diameter buah.Kata kunci: Cekaman salinitas, kualitas buah, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. var. Servo, mikoriza This research aims to observe the effect of giving mycorrhiza on the fruit quality of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. var. Servo) at several salinity concentrations. The research location was held at Green House Biology, FMIPA, UNY in December 2020 – May 2021. This research was an experimental study using complete randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely mycorrhiza and salinity. Mycorrhizal treatment in this study were without mycorrhiza and with the addition of mycorrhiza. The salinity concentrations treatment were 0 ppm, 550 ppm, 1100 ppm, and 2750 ppm. The object of this research was Servo F1 tomato plant. Quantitative data were analyzed using Two-Way ANOVA (Univariate) test followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that mycorrhizal and salinity treatments had no significant effect on the parameters of buds number, fruitnumber, and thickness of fruit flesh, but had significant effect on fruit sweetness. Salinity treatment had significant effect on fruit weight and fruit diameter.Keywords: fruit quality, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. var. Servo, mycorrhizae, salinity stress

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Suryaman, Maman, Yanto Yulianto, and Reineckia Aprina Amanah. "Potensi Ekstrak Biji Alpukat Untuk Priming Benih Kedelai Hitam pada Fase Perkecambahan dalam Kondisi Cekaman Salinitas." Media Pertanian 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37058/mp.v8i2.8659.

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Fase perkecambahan termasuk salah satu fase yang peka terhadap cekaman abiotik termasuk cekaman salinitas. Priming benih dapat meningkatkan viabilitas benih sekaligus mereduksi dampak negatif cekaman salinitas. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi priming benih dari ekstrak biji akpukat dalam memitigasi cekaman salinitas pada fase perkecambahan kedelai hitam. Percobaan dilakukan di Rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi dari bulan April sampai bulan Juli 2021, dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang berpola faktorial. Faktor 1 = priming ekstrak biji alpukat (0%, 1%, 3%, dan 5%), dan faktor 2 = cekaman salinitas (DHL= 0,87 dS m-1 , 10,92 dS m-1), dan 17,77 dS m-1). Analisis statistik menggunakan Anova dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil riset ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji alpukat menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat, dengan IC50 = 22,83 µg mL-1. Priming benih dengan ekstrak biji alpukat dan cekaman salinitas tidak menimbulkan pengaruh interaksi secara signifikan terhadap perkecambahan benih kedelai hitam. Secara mandiri cekaman salinitas menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi perkecambahan benih kedelai hitam, sebaliknya priming benih menggunakan ekstrak biji alpukat berpotensi dapat memitigasi dampak cekaman salinitas serta meningkatkan viabilitas benih kedelai hitam. The germination phase is one of the phases that is sensitive to abiotic stress, including salinity stress. Seed priming can increase seed viability while reducing the negative impact of salinity stress. The aim of this research is to study the potential of seed priming from avocado seed extract in mitigating salinity stress in the germination phase of black soybeans. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Siliwangi University from April to July 2021, using a randomized block design with a factorial pattern. Factor 1 = avocado seed extract priming (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%), and factor 2 = salinity stress (EC = 0.87 dS m-1, 10.92 dS m-1), and 17 .77 dS m-1). Statistical analysis used Anova and continued with the Duncan test. The results of this research show that avocado seed extract shows very strong antioxidant activity, with IC50 = 22.83 µg mL-1. Priming seeds with avocado seed extract and salinity stress did not have a significant interaction effect on black soybean seed germination. Independently, salinity stress has a negative impact on black soybean seed germination, on the other hand, seed priming using avocado seed extract has the potential to mitigate the impact of salinity stress and increase the viability of black soybean seeds.

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Arihanda, Dea Davita Putri, Suryono Suryono, and Gunawan Widi Santosa. "Kadar Total Lipid Mikroalga Nannochloropsis oculata Hibberd, 1981 (Eustigmatophyceae : Eustigmataceae) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Salinitas dan Intensitas Cahaya." Journal of Marine Research 8, no. 3 (August 29, 2019): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v8i3.25263.

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Nannochloropsis oculata merupakan alga yang memiliki kadar lipid tinggi dan mudah dibudidayakan karena hanya bantuan cahaya matahari, karbon dioksida dan air laut mampu berkembang biak dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan salinitas dan intensitas cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar total lipid pada mikroalga N. oculata. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara laboratoris, dengan Rancangan Faktorial. Perlakuan yang diuji cobakan yaitu A1( Salinitas 33 ‰), A2 (Salinitas 31 ‰), dan A3 (Salinitas 35 ‰), serta B1 (Intensitas Cahaya 500 lux), B2 (Intensitas Cahaya 1500 lux), B3 (Intensitas Cahaya 3000 lux), yang diperbandingkan dengan Perlakuan Kontrol. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil analisis pertumbuhan mikroalga N. oculata dan kandungan lipid dilakukan dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam dan dilakukan uji lanjutan Analisis Duncan Multiple Range Test dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan mikroalga N. oculata tertinggi dicapai oleh perlakuan A1B3 (Salinitas 33 ‰ dan Intensitas Cahaya 3000 lux) sebesar 19,927x103±5,454x103 sel/mLdan A3B1 (Salinitas 35 ‰ dan Intensitas Cahaya 500 lux) sebesar 20,779x103 ± 5,874x103 sel/mL. Pola pertumbuhan mikroalga N. oculata untuk semua perlakuan berbentuk kuadratik. Kandungan lipid mikroalga N. oculata tertinggi dicapai oleh perlakuan A3B1 (Salinitas 35 ‰ dan Intensitas Cahaya 500 lux) dengan nilai sebesar 66,5767±1,5257 mg/g dan terendah pada perlakuan A3B3 (Salinitas 35 ‰ dan Intensitas Cahaya 3000 lux) dengan nilai sebesar 38,2010±3,1507 mg/g.Nannochloropsis oculata is one of algae that has high lipid content compared to other algae and is easily cultivated because only the help of sunlight, carbon dioxide and sea water can reproduce well. This aims of the study was to determine the effect of varions salinity and light intensity on the growth and total lipid contents of microalgae N. oculata. The method used was an experimental laboratory method with a factorial design. The treatments applied were A1 (Salinity 33 ‰), A2 (Salinity 31 ‰), and A3 (Salinity 35 ‰), and B1 (Light Intensity 500 lux), B2 (Light Intensity 1500 lux), B3 (Light Intensity 3000 lux), which compare to the Control. The Interaction Treatments were applied on three replicates. The microalga N. oculata and Lipid Contents were analysed using Factorial Approach on Variance Analysis. The Duncan Multiple Range Test was applied to show the treatment which influence the difference result. The highest microalga N. oculata growth showed by the treatment of A1B3 (Salinity 33 ‰ and Light Intensity 3000 lux) with the number 19,927x103 cells/mL ± 5,454x103 cells/mL and A3B1(Salinity 35 ‰ and Light Intensity 500 lux) with the number 20,779x10 cells/mL ± 5,874x103 cells/mL. The growth model of N. oculata for all treatments showed a model of quadratic.The highest lipid content of N. oculata showed by the treatment ofA3B1 (Salinity 35 ‰ and Light Intensity 500 lux) with the number 66,5767±1,5257 mg/g and the lowest on A3B3 (Salinity 35 ‰ and Light Intensity 3000 lux) with the number38,2010±3,1507 mg/g.

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Hastuti, Yuni Puji, Ridwan Affandi, Mafatih Devi Safrina, Kurnia Faturrohman, and Wildan Nurussalam. "Optimum salinity for growth of mangrove crab Scylla serrata seed in recirculation systems." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 14, no. 1 (October 12, 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.14.50-57.

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ABSTRACT One of the abiotic factors that affects the growth and the survival of crabs is salinity. The optimum salinity media will give maximum impact on mangrove crab Scylla serrata due to the osmoregulation process. This study aimed to examine the effect of salinity on the survival rate (SR) and spesific growth rate (SGR) of mangrove crab through the reaction of physiological condition. The treatments were rearing mangrove crab at the salinity medium of 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), and 30 ppt (D). Result showed that different salinity performed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the survival rate and specific growth rate of the crabs. The low level of stress, shown by the high value of total hemocyte and the low osmotic pressure, has made salinity of 25 ppt was the optimum condition for the mangrove crab rearing. Keywords: salinity, survival, specific growth rate, mangrove crab ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor abiotik yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kepiting adalah salinitas. Salinitas media optimum akan memberikan efek yang maksimal pada kepiting bakau Scylla serrata sehubungan dengan proses osmoregulasi tubuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh salinitas pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau melalui reaksi kondisi fisiologis. Penelitian ini terdiri atas perlakuan salinitas media 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), dan 30 ppt (D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan salinitas media pemeliharaan kepiting bakau memberikan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau. Rendahnya tingkat stres pada salinitas 25 ppt dijelaskan dengan tingginya jumlah total hemosit dan rendahnya tekanan osmotik sehingga salinitas 25 ppt merupakan kondisi optimum bagi pemeliharaan kepiting bakau. Keywords: salinitas, kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kepiting bakau

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Mudiarti, Luky, and Muhammad Zainuddin. "RESPON PERTUMBUHAN BENIH KERAPU BEBEK (Cromileptes altivelis) PADA PERLAKUAN PERBEDAAN SALINITAS MEDIA DAN PEMBERIAN BIOMAS Artemia sp. DEWASA Growth Response of Juvenile Kerapu Bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) at Treatments with Different Salinity and Adult Artemia Biomass." SAINTEK PERIKANAN : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (January 30, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.12.1.7-11.

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ABSTRAK Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu budidaya dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya adalah salinitas dan pakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pertumbuhan benih Kerapu Bebek pada perlakuan perbedaan salinitas media dan pemberian biomas Artemia sp. dewasa. Materi yang digunakan adalah benih Kerapu Bebek (C. altivelis). Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan acak lengkap berpola faktorial (3x3). Sebagai variabel dependen penelitian pada faktor satu adalah persentase pemberian biomas Artemia sp. (150%, 200%, 250%), sedangkan faktor dua adalah salinitas media (27 ppt, 31 ppt dan 35 ppt). Sehingga terdapat 9 varian percobaan dangan masing-masing 3 ulangan. Sebagai variabel independen adalah panjang (cm) dan berat kerapu (gram). Lama pemeliharaan kerapu 60 hari. Analisis data untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan menggunakan uji-F dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil analisis two way anova menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan pemberian biomassa dan salinitas media terhadap panjang kerapu. Perlakuan biomassa memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang relatif yaitu 74a, 98b dan 103b. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan polinomial yaitu semakin tinggi pemberian Artemia sp. maka panjang relatif semakin meningkat. Analisis two way anova perlakuan salinitas memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang relatif yaitu 85a, 98b dan 92b%. Perlakuan pemberian Artemia sp. memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap berat relatif yaitu 505a, 834b dan 861b%. Sedangkan perlakuan salinitas media memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang relatif yaitu 719a, 764b dan 718a %. Analisis one way anova interaksi perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan Artemia sp. 150% pada salinitas 31 ppt memiliki nilai berat relatif terendah yaitu 497a%, sedangkan perlakuan artemia 200% pada salinitas 31 ppt memiliki nilai berat relatif tertinggi yaitu 927d%. Kata kunci: Salinitas, Artemia sp., Panjang, Berat, Kerapu ABSTRACT Aquaculture grouper is influenced by several factors, such as salinity and feed. The purpose of this study is to assess the growth of humpback grouper seed in the treatment of salinity and biomass Artemia sp.. The material used is the humpback grouper (C. altivelis). The study was conducted with experimental laboratory method with a completely random design patterned factorial (3 x 3). As the dependent variable of research on one factor is the percentage of biomass Artemia sp. (150%, 200%, 250%), while the two factors is a salinity (27 ppt, 31 ppt and 35 ppt). So that there are nine variants with 3 replicates. As the independent variable is the length (cm) and weight of grouper (grams). The grouper culture in 60 days. Data analysis to determine differences treatments using F-test with SPSS. Two way ANOVA analysis results that there is no interaction between treatment of biomass and salinity to the length of grouper. The treatment of biomass has significant impact on the relative lengths namely 74a, 98b and 103b. Regression analysis showed that there is a polynomial relationship the higher biomass of Artemia sp. the relative length increases. Two way ANOVA analysis of salinity treatment a significant effect on the relative lengths namely 85a, 98b and 92b%. Treatment biomass Artemia sp. a significant effect on the relative weight that is 505a, 834b and 861b%. While the salinity treatments significant impact on the relative lengths of which 719a, 764b and 718a %. Analysis of the interaction one way ANOVA showed that the treatment Artemia 150% at salinity 31 ppt has the lowest value relative weight that is 497a%, while the brine treatment 200% at a salinity of 31 ppt has the highest relative weight value 927d%. Keywords: salinity, Artemia sp., length, weight, grouper

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Karolinoerita, Vicca, and Wahida Annisa. "Salinisasi Lahan dan Permasalahannya di Indonesia." Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 14, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jsdl.v14n2.2020.91-99.

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Abstrak. Salinisasi tanah merupakan proses peningkatan kadar garam mudah larut di dalam tanah sehingga terbentuk lahan salin. Salinitas adalah salah satu cekaman abiotik yang mengakibatkan berkurangnya hasil dan produktivitas tanaman pertanian. Setiap tahun luas lahan sawah yang ditinggalkan petani akibat mengalami salinisasi terus meningkat. Di Indonesia salinitas umumnya terjadi di lahan pertanian dekat pantai, disebabkan karena kenaikan permukaan laut akibat perubahan iklim. Diperkirakan lahan dekat pantai yang rentan mengalami salinitas seluas 12,020 juta ha atau 6,20% dari total daratan Indonesia. Problem salinitas pada pertanian beririgasi sering terkait dengan muka air tanah. Peningkatan kapilaritas dari muka air tanah dangkal akan membawa kembali garam-garam masuk ke daerah perakaran dan menjadi suatu sumber garam berkelanjutan. sedangkan salinitas di lahan rawa pasang surut dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan pasang surut air laut dengan tingkat salinitas yang bervariasi. Tanaman mempunyai kisaran toleransi tertentu terhadap perubahan bahkan cekaman lingkungan untuk selanjutnya dapat beradaptasi, termasuk pada cekaman salinitas. Kondisi biofisik dan kimia lahan sawah terdampak yang tidak menguntungkan tanaman tersebut memerlukan upaya pengelolaan lahan dan sistem budidaya tanaman secara tepat agar dicapai tingkat produksi yang optimal. Abstract. Soil salinization is the process of increasing the soluble salt content in the soil to form a saline soil. Salinity is an abiotic stress that results in reducing yield and productivity of agricultural crops. The area of paddy fields left by farmers as a result of experiencing salinization continues to increase every tear. In Indonesia, salinity generally occurs in agricultural land near the coast, caused by sea level rise due to climate change. It is estimated that land near the coast that is prone to experiencing salinity is 12.020 million ha or 6.20% of the total land area of Indonesia. The problem of salinity in irrigated agriculture is often related to the water table. The increase in capillarity from shallow groundwater levels will bring back salts into the root zone and become a continuous salt source. Salinity in tidal swamps is influenced by the tidal movement of sea water with varying salinity levels. Plants have a certain tolerance range to the changes and even environmental stress so that they can then adapt, including to salinity stress. The biophysical and chemical conditions of the affected paddy fields that are not beneficial to the plant, requires proper land management and crop cultivation systems in order to achieve optimal production levels.

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Novita, Aisar, Merlyn Mariana, Silvia Nora, Elrisa Ramadhani, Hilda Julia, and Anggria Lestami. "Growth Characteristics of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) on Saline Soils." Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal 5, no. 2 (July 28, 2022): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i2.933.

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Vetiver is widespread in saline areas. Only a few studies have reported that they are sufficiently tolerant of salt. The primary mechanism of salt tolerance in vetiver is still not known with certainty. This study aims to determine salinity's effect on early growth of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) seedlings. This research was conducted in a greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD), namely the salinity stress (S) which consisted of 3 levels: EC salinity levels of 0 (distilled water), 4 dsm-1 and 8 dsm-1. The salinity stress treatment showed a significant effect of reducing the growth parameters of plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Salinity stress treatment gave significantly better effect in conditions without salinity stress.

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Kimberly, Faith Dibri, Endang Supriyantini, and Sri Sedjati. "Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Lutein Dunaliella salina pada Salinitas yang Berbeda." BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA 8, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v8i1.20839.

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Dunaliella salina adalah salah satu mikroalga yang mengandung pigmen lutein. Lutein memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan untuk melawan radikal bebas pada mata. Pertumbuhan mikroalga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor lingkungan, salah satunya adalah salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan salinitas terbaik guna mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan produksi pigmen lutein pada D. salina. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratoris. Mikroalga D. salina dikultivasi dengan lima perlakuan salinitas yang berbeda yaitu 20, 25, 30, 35, dan 40 ppt. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina diamati selama 9 x 24 jam kemudian dipanen untuk perhitungan biomassanya. Biomassa basah hasil kultivasi diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut aseton. Ekstrak aseton D. salina kemudian dianalisis kandungan pigmen luteinnya secara spektrofotometrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan salinitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan sel dan kandungan pigmen lutein D. salina. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina optimum pada perlakuan salinitas 30 ppt,yaitu sebesar 125,86 x 104 sel/mL, sedangkan untuk kandungan pigmen lutein D. salina diproduksi optimum pada salinitas 25 ppt, yaitu sebesar 0,0077 µg/g. Dunaliella salina is a microalga containing lutein pigment. Lutein has the role of being an antioxidant to fight free radicals in the eye. Microalgae growth is influenced by a variety of environmental factors, such as salinity. The purpose of this research is to determine the best salinity to optimize the growth and production of lutein pigments in D. salina. The method used in this research was a laboratory experiment. Microalgae D.salina was cultivated with five different salinity treatments, which 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt. Growth of D. salina cells was observed for 9 x 24 hours and then harvested for the biomass determination. The wet biomass from the cultivation results was extracted using acetone solvent. D. salina acetone extract was then analyzed for its lutein pigment content spectrophotometrically. The results showed that salinity treatment had a significant effect on cell growth and pigment content of lutein D. salina. The optimum growth of D. salina cell is optimally achieved in 30 ppt salinity treatment at the amount of 125,86 x 104 cell/mL, while for the lutein pigment content of D. salina is optimally achieved in 25 ppt salinity at the amount of 0,0077 µg/g.

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Sun, Limei, Kristine Spildo, Ketil Djurhuus, and Arne Skauge. "Salinity Selection for a Low Salinity Water-Low Salinity Surfactant Process." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (March 28, 2014): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2013.800456.

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Djunaedi, Ali, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Chrisna Adi Suryono, and Adi Santosa. "Kandungan Pigmen Fikobiliprotein dan Biomassa Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris pada media dengan Salinitas Berbeda." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 20, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v20i2.1736.

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Phyobilliprotein (phycocyanin and allophycocyanin) pigments content and biomass of Chlorella vulgarisare affected by salinity related to osmotic pressure and density of media. This study was to determine the effect of salinity on phycobiliproteins pigment contents and biomass of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The cultivation used microalgae derived from Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Research method was the Laboratory study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Consisting of one treatment with five stages of salinity treatments: 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt and using three times of repetition. Analysis of pigments used UV-Vis spectrophotometric extracted with acetone as the solvent. Harvesting time was when it reached at the stationair phase using flocculation method. The results showed that salinity had the significant effect (p <0.05) on Phycobilliprotein pigment and biomass. The treatments of 35 ppt showed that the highest content of phycocyanin and allophycocyanin pigments 1,4426 mg/gram and 1,254 mg/gram and biomass were 0,648 g/L respectively.Keywords: Chlorella vulgaris, salinity, Phycobilliprotein pigment, biomass. Kandungan pigmen fikobiliprotein (fikosianin dan allofikosianin)dan biomasa Chlorella vulgaris dipengaruhi oleh salinitas yang berkaitan dengan tekanan osmotik dan densitas media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap kandungan pigmen fikobiliproteindan laju pertumbuhan Chlorella vulgaris. Biota uji diperoleh dari Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen laboratoris dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 taraf perlakuan salinitas, yaitu: 20, 25, 30, 35, dan 40 ppt dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis pigmen dengan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis yang diekstraksi menggunakan larutan aseton. Pemanenan biomassa pada fase stasioner dengan menggunakan metode flokulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas berpengaruh nyata (p<0.05) terhadap kandungan pigmen fikobiliprotein dan biomasa Chlorella vulgaris. Perlakuan salinitas 35 ppt menghasilkan kadar pigmen fikosianin dan allofikosianin tertinggi, yaitu 1,4426 mg/gram, dan 1,254 mg/gram dan biomassa tertinggi yaitu 0,648 gr/L. Kata Kunci : Chlorella vulgaris, salinitas, pigmen fikobiliprotein, biomasa

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Soltani Nezhad, Fatemeh, and Hakimeh Mansouri. "Effects of polyploidy on response ofDunaliella salinato salinity." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 99, no. 5 (February 4, 2019): 1041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315418001005.

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AbstractIn this study, polyploidy level was determined by flow cytometry analysis. The effect of polyploidy by colchicine treatment was examined on the growth parameters, malondealdehyde (MDA), as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in response to different levels of salinity inDunaliella salina. The results of algal growth indicated that 3 M NaCl was the optimal concentration of salt, since the highest enhancement in fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoids, soluble sugar, glycerol, protein and starch content was observed in comparison to other concentrations. The amount of these metabolites declined in the concentrations under optimum salinity. The least and highest amounts of MDA were observed at 1 and 4 M NaCl respectively. Polyploidy in optimum concentration of salt, caused further increment of the above growth parameters. In relation to this, in most cases, treatment of 0.1% colchicine was most effective. The beneficial effects of polyploidy in non-optimal conditions were also found in some parameters such as biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins and starch. Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD and POD showed a positive significant correlation with salt stress and these were maximized at 4 M NaCl. Polyploidy (especially colchicine 0.1%) affected activity of these antioxidant enzymes in some concentrations of salt. Overall, our results suggest that the microalgae has significantly different responses to salt stress based on ploidy levels.

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Firmansyah, Erick. "Perubahan morfologis dan anatomis kelapa sawit pada rezim air dan salinitas berbeda." Jurnal Agro 5, no. 1 (July 27, 2018): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/1963.

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Salinitas tinggi dan genangan dapat terjadi pada tempat dan waktu yang sama; meskipun demikian pemahaman terhadap pengaruh kedua kondisi tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan, respon morfologis, dan anatomis kelapa sawit masih sedikit. Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan mengkombinasikan 2 aras salinitas (non salin dan salin) dan tiga taraf genangan (tanpa genangan, interval genangan 2 minggu, dan interval genangan 4 minggu). Penelitian dilakukan dalam pot selama 4 bulan dengan bahan tanam kelapa sawit berumur 4 bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada jenjang nyata 5%. Pengamatan visual secara langsung dan pembuatan preparat melintang akar dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan morfologi dan anatomi tanaman. Hasil analisis menunjukkan salinitas tinggi dan genangan konsisten menurunkan parameter pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Salinitas tinggi dan genangan tidak secara konsisten mengubah rasio luas masing-masing jaringan penyusun akar primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Kelapa sawit membentuk pneumatophore dan saluran aerenkima pada kondisi genangan, baik non salin maupun salin. Mekanisme adaptasi terhadap genangan tersebut dapat menurunkan pengaruh negatif cekaman salinitas tinggi. High salinity and waterlogging can occur at the same place and time; however, the effects of these two conditions on growth, morphological, and anatomical responses of oil palm was not fully understood. A research had been done by combining two levels of salinity (non saline and saline) and three levels of waterlogging (without waterlogging, two-week waterlogging intervals, and four-week waterlogging intervals). The study was conducted in pots for 4 months used 4 months old oil palm planting material. The growth parameters were analyzed by analysis variance continued by Duncan multiple-range test at 5% level of convidence. The morphological and anatomical changes of plants were observed trought direct observation and root cross section. The results showed that high salinity and waterlogging consistently decreased the oil palm growth parameter. High salinity and waterlogging did not consistently change the ratio of the area of each primary, secondary, and tertiary root tissue. Palm oil formed pneumatophores and aerenchyma under both non saline and saline waterlogging. Adaptation mechanisms to these waterlogging could reduce the negative effects of high salinity stress.

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Rimper, Joice R. T. S. L., Silvana D. Harikedua, and Veibe Warouw. "The size variation of rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis cultivated with different feed at 40 ppt salinity." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 7, no. 1 (September 21, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.7.1.2019.25043.

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Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Variasi ukuran rotifer Brachionus rotundiformisyang diberi pakan berbeda pada salinitas 40 ppt RotiferBrachionus rotundiformisis a group of zooplankton which is used by fish larvae for feeding to initiate their growth. This zooplankton is widely favored by marine fauna larvae because of its small size can fits well with various larval mouth; thus, it is easily preyed by larvae. This study aimed to determine the variation of rotifer B. rotundiformismorphometry if cultured with different feed at 40 ppt. The use of 40 ppt salinity is expected to provide a variable morphometric size because B. rotundiformishas a polymorphism property. Microalgae used as feed for rotifer B. rotundiformiswere Prochloronsp. and Nanochloropsis oculata. Microalgae were cultured with Hirata medium. In the early stages, B. rotundiformiswas cultured at optimum temperature (28 ºC) and salinity 20 ppt, then it was cultured at salinity 40 ppt. Salinity adaptation was done by raising the salinity of the medium by 2 ppt every two days in a 10 ml reaction tube containing 10 individuals. After adaptation, B. rotundiformiswas transferred in a 1000 ml container with a density of 50 individuals. For the morphometric aspect, the total length, the length of the lorica, the width of the lorica and the anterior width were measured. The result showed the morphometric of rotiferB. rotundiformisfed with microalgae Prochloronsp. at 40 ppt salinity was smaller than that of the rotifer fed with N. oculata. Based on that finding it can be concluded that B. rotundiformis fed with Prochloronsp. at a salinity of 40 ppt has the potential to be developed as feed for fish larvae. Further investigations on how to accelerate the cultivation of microalgae Prochloronsp. as feeding for B. rotundiformisare needed.RotiferBrachionus rotundiformismerupakan golongan zooplankton yang digunakan sebagai makanan bagi larva ikan. Zooplankton ini banyak disukai oleh larva fauna laut, karena ukurannya kecil yang cocok dengan berbagai bukaan mulut larva. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi morfometri rotifer B. rotundiformis, jika dikultur pada salinitas yang tinggi (40 ppt) dengan pemberian pakan berbeda. Penggunaan salinitas 40 ppt diharapkan bisa memberikan ukuran morfometrik yang bervariasi, karena rotifer jenis ini memiliki sifat polimorfisme. Alga mikro yang digunakan sebagai pakan adalah Prochloronsp. Dan Nanochloropsis oculata.Alga mikro tersebut dikultur dalam media Hirata. Pada tahap awal, B. rotundiformisdikultur pada suhu optimum (28 ºC) dengan salinitas 20 ppt; kemudian, dikultur pada salinitas 40 ppt. Adaptasi salinitas dilakukan dengan menaikkan salinitas medium sebanyak 2 ppt setiap dua hari dalam tabung reaksi berukuran 10 ml, yang berisi 10 individu. Setelah diadaptasikan, rotifer dipindahkan ke wadah berukuran 1000 ml dengan kepadatan sebanyak 50 individu dan dikultur pada salinitas 40 ppt. Aspek morfometri berupa panjang total, panjang lorica, lebar lorica, dan lebar anterior diukur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa panjang total rotifer B. rotundiformis, yang diberi pakan Prochloronsp. berukuran lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan rotifer yang diberi pakan N. oculata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, bahwa B. rotundiformisyang diberi pakan Prochloronsp. pada salinitas 40 ppt memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan pakan bagi larva ikan. Penelitian lebih lanjut tentang cara mempercepat budidaya microalgae Prochloronsp. sebagai makan untuk B. rotundiformis diperlukan.

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Hariawansyah, Fathul Aziz, Niniek Widyorini, and Churun Ain. "KELIMPAHAN MAKROZOOBENTOS BERDASARKAN STRATIFIKASI SALINITAS DARI HULU – HILIR SUNGAI SIANGKER SEMARANG Macrozoobentos Abundance Based on Salinity Stratification from Upstream - Lower Siangker River Semarang." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 8, no. 2 (July 25, 2019): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v8i2.24227.

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ABSTRAKSungai sebagai salah satu jenis media hidup bagi organisme perairan, seringkali tidak dapat terhindarkan dari masalah penurunan kualitas perairan sebagai akibat dari perkembangan aktivitas manusia. Sungai Siangker merupakan salah satu subsistem drainase di wilayah Semarang Barat yang bermuara ke Teluk Semarang yang mengalami pendangkalan akibat reklamasi. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui stratifikasi salinitas, komposisi makrozoobentos berdasarkan stratifikasi salinitas, dan hubungan stratifikasi salinitas dengan komposisi makrozoobentos pada perairan Sungai Siangker. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan teknik secara sistematik sampling. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kedua variabel dilakukan uji regresi kolerasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 9 (Sembilan) titik sampling dari hulu-hilir sungai berdasarkan stratifikasi salinitas dengan jarak antar titik sejauh 200 m pada perairan Sungai Siangker. Nilai salinitas di Sungai Siangker pada Hulu sungai (K1) berkisar antara (0‰ - 4‰) pada Tengah sungai (K2) berkisar antara (20‰ - 23‰), dan pada Hilir sungai (K3) berkisar antara (29‰ - 30‰). Pada stratifikasi salinitas yang berbeda di temukan jenis makrozoobentos yang bermacam-macam dengan kelimpahan yang berbeda pula, seperti pada K1 (0‰ - 4‰) ditemukan jenis Telescopium dan Casidula sp , pada K2 (20‰ - 23‰) ditemukan jenis Terebralia sp dan Cerithidae, dan pada K3 (29‰ - 30‰) ditemukan jenis Terebralia sp, Melanoides, dan Nereidae. Hasil regresi korelasi yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa stratifikasi salinitas di suatu perairan memberikan pengaruh terhadap kelimpahan dan persebaran makrozoobentos. ABSTRACTRivers as one type of living media for aquatic organisms, cannot be avoided from the problem of decreasing water quality as a result of the development of human activities. Siangker River is one of the drainage subsystems in the West Semarang region which empties into Semarang Bay which have been silting due to reclamation. Study was to determine the salinity stratification, composition of macrozoobenthos based on salinity stratification, and relationship of salinity stratification with the composition of macrozoobenthos in the waters of River Siangker. The method used in this study was descriptive with a quantitative approach, using systematic sampling techniques. To find out the relationship between the two variables, the regression test was conducted. Sampling was carried out on 9 (nine) sampling points from upstream-downstream of the river based on salinity stratification with a distance between points as far as 200 m in the waters of the Siangker River. The salinity value in the Siangker River on the Upper River (K1) ranged from (0‰ - 4‰) to the middle of the river (K2) ranging from (20‰ - 23‰), and downstream (K3) ranged from (29‰ - 30‰). Different strains of salinity were found in various types of macrozoobenthos with different abundances, such as in K1 (0‰ - 4‰) found in the type of Telescopium and Casidula sp, in K2 (20‰ - 23 ‰) found Terebralia sp and Cerithidae, and in K3 (29‰ - 30‰), Terebralia sp, Melanoides, and Nereidae were found. The resulting correlation regression results show that salinity stratification in a waters influences the abundance and distribution of macrozoobenthos.

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Farooq, S., and F. Azam. "Salinity tolerance in Triticeae." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 41, Special Issue (July 31, 2012): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6187-cjgpb.

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Wibowo, Eko Setio, Atang Atang, I. G. A. Ayu Ratna Puspitasari, and Endah Sri Palupi. "Pertumbuhan, Retensi Protein, dan Perkembangan Gonad Polychaeta Nereis sp. Dengan Salinitas dan Pakan Berbeda." Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi 14, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i2.17463.

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AbstrakPolychaeta Nereis sp. memiliki kandungan asam amino dan asam lemak tak jenuh yang tinggi, sesuai untuk pakan udang dalam meningkatkan pematangan gonad untuk produksi larva udang. Potensi ini mendorong pengembangan usaha budi daya Nereis sp. sebagai pakan induk udang. Usaha ini belum berkembang karena informasi tentang aspek biologi yang mendukung budi daya Nereis sp. masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, studi tentang aspek biologi Nereis sp. dengan berbagai modifikasi lingkungan dan pakan perlu dilakukan untuk menunjang keberhasilan usaha budi daya Nereis sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan spesifik, retensi protein, dan perkembangan gonad Nereis sp. dari Kawasan Jeruklegi Cilacap dengan salinitas dan pakan yang berbeda. Hasilnya akan digunakan sebagai informasi untuk mendukung budi daya Nereis sp. yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Nereis sp. immature dengan dua jenis pakan, pada tiga salinitas yang berbeda (5, 15, dan 25 ppt). Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan spesifik optimum Nereis sp. pada pemeliharaan salinitas 15 ppt dengan jenis pakan berprotein hewani. Salinitas 15 ppt dan pakan berprotein hewani juga menghasilkan retensi protein tetinggi. Salinitas pemeliharaan dan jenis pakan belum mempengaruhi perkembangan gonad secara signifikan. Pemeliharaan Nereis sp. dengan salinitas 15 ppt dan pakan berprotein hewani menunjukkan hasil terbaik.Abstract Polychaeta Nereis sp. has a high content of amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids, suitable for shrimp feed in increasing gonadal maturation for shrimp larvae production. This potential encourages the development of Nereis sp. to meet the needs of raw material for shrimp feed. This business has not developed due to limitations in information about the biological aspects that support the cultivation of Nereis sp. Therefore, some studies about biological aspects of Nereis sp. with various environmental and feed modifications need to be conducted to support the success of its cultivation. This study aims to determine the specific growth, protein retention, and gonad development of Nereis sp. from the Jeruklegi Cilacap area with different salinity and feed. The results will be used as information to support the sustainable cultivation of Nereis sp. Conducted experimentally with a randomized block design method with three replications, the study used immature Nereis sp. with two types of feed that were maintained at three different salinity (5, 15, and 25 ppt). The results showed that the highest specific growth was Nereis sp. in 15 ppt of salinity with animal protein feed. The salinity 15 ppt and animal protein feed also resulted in the highest protein retention. However, the salinity maintenance and type of feed have not significantly affected gonad development. Maintenance of Nereis sp. with 15 ppt salinity and animal protein feed showed the best results.

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Li, Rui, Haihua Jiao, Bo Sun, Manjiao Song, Gaojun Yan, Zhihui Bai, Jiancheng Wang, Xuliang Zhuang, and Qing Hu. "Understanding Salinity-Driven Modulation of Microbial Interactions: Rhizosphere versus Edaphic Microbiome Dynamics." Microorganisms 12, no. 4 (March 28, 2024): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040683.

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Soil salinization poses a global threat to terrestrial ecosystems. Soil microorganisms, crucial for maintaining ecosystem services, are sensitive to changes in soil structure and properties, particularly salinity. In this study, contrasting dynamics within the rhizosphere and bulk soil were focused on exploring the effects of heightened salinity on soil microbial communities, evaluating the influences shaping their composition in saline environments. This study observed a general decrease in bacterial alpha diversity with increasing salinity, along with shifts in community structure in terms of taxa relative abundance. The size and stability of bacterial co-occurrence networks declined under salt stress, indicating functional and resilience losses. An increased proportion of heterogeneous selection in bacterial community assembly suggested salinity’s critical role in shaping bacterial communities. Stochasticity dominated fungal community assembly, suggesting their relatively lower sensitivity to soil salinity. However, bipartite network analysis revealed that fungi played a more significant role than bacteria in intensified microbial interactions in the rhizosphere under salinity stress compared to the bulk soil. Therefore, microbial cross-domain interactions might play a key role in bacterial resilience under salt stress in the rhizosphere.

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Purba, Elida, and Kenjiro Siburian. "THE DETERMINATION OF SALINITY AND NUTRITION (NaH2PO4) PROFILE IN Nannochloropsis oculata CULTIVATION TO GAIN MAXIMUM LIPID." Reaktor 14, no. 2 (August 14, 2012): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.14.2.135-142.

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The determination of salinity and nutrition (NaH2PO4) profile in Nannochloropsis oculata cultivationto gain maximum lipid was investigated. The purpose of this research was to determine the optimumsalinity and nutrition (NaH2PO4) to gain maximum lipid in Nannochloropsis oculata. Phosphor canbe obtained by adding NaH2PO4 and a salinity enhancement can be applied by adding NaCl to theculture. This research was run by matching each variable of salinity (33, 34, 35, and 36 ppt) to eachvariable of NaH2PO4 (5, 10 and 15 ppm) randomly. The results show that the percentage of maximumlipid in Nannochloropsis oculata was obtained at 35 ppt and 5 ppm NaH2PO4 (37.68 %). Neverthelessthe maximum lipid percentage is low and it can be caused by some factors, such as the dryingtemperature for preparing the dry microalgae to extract, the cell disruption method and the extractionsolvent used. By seeing the results, salinity can affect the total lipid in Nannochloropsis oculata. Thegreater the salinity in culture the greater the lipid content in Nannochloropsis oculata. Otherwise adifferent response was obtained by adding NaH2PO4. If NaH2PO4 concentration is greater, the lipidcontained Nannochloropsis oculata will be lower Penentuan profilsalinitas dan nutrisi (NaH2PO4) pada pembiakan Nannochloropsis oculata untuk memperoleh lipidmaksimum diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan salinitas dan nutrisi (NaH2PO4)optimum untuk memperoleh lipid maksimum pada Nannochloropsis oculata. Fosfor dapat diperolehdengan menambahkan NaH2PO4 pada kultur dan peningkatan salinitas dapat dilakukan denganmenambahkan NaCl pada kultur. Penelitian ini dijalankan dengan mencocokkan setiap variabelsalinitas (33, 34, 35, dan 36 ppt) dengan setiap variabel NaH2PO4 (5, 10 dan 15 ppm) secara acak.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persentase lipid maksimum pada Nannochloropsis oculata diperoleh padasalinitas 35 ppt dan 5 ppm NaH2PO4 (37,68 %). Walaupun demikian, persentase lipid maksimummasih tergolong rendah dan hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, seperti temperaturpengeringan yang diterapkan, metode cell disruption dan pelarut ekstraksi yang digunakan. Denganmempelajari hasil yang telah didapat, salinitas dapat mempengaruhi lipid total padaNannochloropsis oculata. Semakin tinggi salinitas pada biakan, semakin tinggi kandungan lipid padaNannochloropsis oculata. Sebaliknya didapatkan respon yang berbeda saat menambahkan NaH2PO4.Apabila konsentrasi NaH2PO4 semakin tinggi, maka lipid yang terkandung pada Nannochloropsisoculata akan menjadi lebih rendah.

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Setiasih, Intan Budi, Agus Sabdono, and Rini Pramesti. "Pengaruh Salinitas terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyceae: Dunaliellaceae)." Journal of Marine Research 9, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v9i2.27028.

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ABSTRAK: Dunaliella salina merupakan salah satu jenis mikroalgae hijau yang mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif termasuk senyawa antioksidan untuk melawan radikal bebas. Pertumbuhan mikroalgae dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan salah satunya adalah salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui salinitas optimal untuk pertumbuhan dan aktivitas antioksidan D. salina berdasarkan nilai persen inhibisi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu dan Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang pada bulan Mei - Juli 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratoris. D. salina dikultur pada lima salinitas yang berbeda yaitu 20, 25, 30, 35 dan 40 ppt. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 7x24 jam, dipanen dan diekstrak dengan pelarut etanol yang selanjutnya dianalisis aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan optimal terjadi pada salinitas 30 ppt, dan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dicapai pada salinitas 20 ppt (9,88±0,59) yang termasuk dalam kategori lemah.ABSTRACT: D. salina is a type of green microalgae that contains various bioactive compounds including antioxidant compounds to fight free radicals. Microalgal growth is influenced by the environmental conditions such as salinity. This study aims were to determine the optimal salinity of growth and antioxidant activity in ethanol extract based on percent inhibition values. This research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory and Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang in May - July 2018.The research method used was an experimental laboratory. D. salina was cultivated with five different salinities on 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 o/oo. Observation was carried out for 7x24 hours, harvested and extracted with ethanol solvent and then analyzed its antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed that optimal growth of D. salina was 30 o/oo in salinity, and the highest antioxidant activity was 20 o/oo in salinity (9.88 ± 0.59) and included in the weak category.

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Sauer, Felix G., Mirco Bundschuh, Jochen P. Zubrod, Ralf B. Schäfer, Kristie Thompson, and Ben J. Kefford. "Effects of salinity on leaf breakdown: Dryland salinity versus salinity from a coalmine." Aquatic Toxicology 177 (August 2016): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.014.

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Herlina, Tina, Novi Susanti, Kukuh Andias, and Imam Barzakh. "Pengaruh salinitas terhadap perkembangan ektoparasit pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) selama penanganan karantina." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 6, no. 2 (September 29, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v6i2.1890.

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AbstrakEksperimen untuk menyelidiki efek salinitas terhadap patogen nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Percobaan dilakukan di laboratorium Stasiun Karantina Ikan, Kualitas Pengendalian dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Bengkulu selama 30 hari. Eksperimen ini menggunakan desain acak dengan empat perlakuan dan empat replikasi. Perlakuan A: ikan di pelihara di 0 0/00, perlakuan B: ikan di pelihara di 2 0/00, perlakuan C: ikan di pelihara di 4 0/00 dan perlakuan D: ikan di pelihara di 6 0/00. Ikan disimpan di akuarium yang diisi air 75 liter dan setiap akuarium terdiri dari sepuluh ikan, dengan ukuran ikan berkisar 10- 12 cm. Pengamatan untuk parasit ikan dilakukan setiap lima hari. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Selain itu, pengukuran kualitas air dan pengamatan hematologi dilakukan setiap 5 hari. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa salinitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prevalensi dan intensitas parasit yaitu pada salinitas 6 g / L. Selain itu, salinitas juga memberikan dampak negatif terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup nila (Oreochromis niloticus).Kata kunci: salinitas; parasit; prevelensi; intensitas; kelangsungan hidupAbstractAn experiment to investigates the effect of salinity on pathogens of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Stasiun Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Bengkulu for 30 days. This experiment used randomized designs with four treatment and four replications. Treatment A: fishes kept in 0 0/00, Treatment B: fishes kept in 2 0/00, Treatment C: fishes kept in 4 0/00 and Treatment D: fishes kept in 6 0/00. Fish were kept on aquarium filled with 75-litre water and each aquarium consisted of ten fishes, with the size of fishes ranged 10 - 12 cm. The observation for fish parasites was conducted every five days. The data were analyzed by using the descriptive analyzed. Besides, water quality measurement and hematology observation were taking every 5 days. The descriptive analyzed result showed that salinity gives significance effect to the prevalence and intensity of parasites which was at salinity 6 g/L. Other, salinity also gave negative impact to survival rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).Keywords: salinity; parasites; prevalence; intensity; survival rate

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Ardi, Idil, Eri Setiadi, Anang Hari Kristanto, and Ani Widiyati. "SALINITAS OPTIMAL UNTUK PENDEDERAN BENIH IKAN BETUTU (Oxyeleotris marmorata)." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 11, no. 4 (January 17, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.11.4.2016.347-354.

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Ikan betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata) termasuk ikan perairan tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan sangat disukai karena memiliki daging yang tebal, tulangnya sedikit, dan gurih. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang berpengaruh dalam kegiatan budidaya adalah salinitas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan salinitas optimum dalam pemeliharaan benih ikan betutu yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan sintasan dan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakukan berdasarkan perbedaan salinitas yaitu kontrol ppt, 1 ppt, 3 ppt, dan 5 ppt. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik, panjang mutlak, bobot mutlak, dan kadar glukosa darah terhadap kontrol (salinitas 0 ppt) setelah dipelihara selama 56 hari. Laju pertumbuhan mutlak, bobot mutlak, dan glukosa darah paling baik dijumpai pada benih yang dipelihara dengan salinitas 3 ppt, yaitu 0,94 ± 0,09%; 2,53 ± 0,35 mm; 37,33 ± 6,28 g; dan 0,06 ± 0,01 g/dL. Pemeliharaan benih betutu membutuhkan air bersalinitas. Untuk mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan sintasan air media budidaya disarankan bersalinitas 3 ppt.Sand goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) is one of freshwater fish that has high economic value and is more desired for its thick meat, bone less, and tasteful. Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors in fish culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal salinity concentration on growth and survival of sand goby fish. A completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this study with four treatments of salinity levels comprising A) Control; B) 1 ppt; C) 3 ppt; D) 5 ppt. Each treatment was consisted of three replicates. The result showed significant differences (P<0.05) in specific growth rate, absolute length, absolute weight, and blood glucose among the treatments against control after 56 days cultured. Seed reared under the salinity of 3 ppt was better than other treatments in terms of specific growth rate (0.94±0.09%), absolute length (2.53±0.35 mm), absolute weight (37.3±6.28 mg), and blood glucose (0.06±0.01 g/dl). Based on the present result, it was suggested that 3 ppt of salinity is better for optimize the growth and survival of sand goby.

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Tahmasebpour, Behnam, and Alireza Babazade. "Evaluation the effect of irrigation water salinity and Fusarium fungi on seven safflower cultivars." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 1, no. 1 (April 25, 2014): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v1i1.4238.

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In order to study the effect of Salinity levels of Sodium chloride and Soil type on the characteristics of some grown seeds and the resistance rate of Fusarium fungi (quantitative length evaluation of necrotic part in plants gorget) in biotypes of safflowers, an experiment was factorically conducted by using two salinity levels of sodium chloride (20% and 50% salinitys), seven biotypes of acanaceous and non-acanaceous safflowers (Iraqi 222, IL111, K.H.64.68, and Varamin 295,Local Isfahan , Padideh and 340779), two types of soil (clay sandy-clay), in a three times randomized complete block design. The variance analyzing results showed that between the levels of all factors, there was meaningful difference for 2 studied characteristics. According to the results obtained from the comparison of factors means, genotypes of Iraqi 222, K.H.64.68 and 340779 under the condition of 20% salinity and genotype of Iraqi 222 under the condition of 50% salinity contained the most numbers of grown seeds. On the other hand the most resistance rate against Fusarium mushrooms was related to genotype K.H.64.68 under the condition of clay soil and 20% salinity, genotype IL111 under the condition of clay soil and 50% salinity and local genotype of Isfahan under the condition of sandy-clay soil with 20% salinity, Based on the results obtained from the linear regression and simple correlation coefficient there was positive and meaningful correlation between two evaluated characteristics in the probability level of 1% and the relation between them was estimated as linear and positive one (y=0/545+0/234X), where X refers to the number of grown seeds and y refers to the resistance against Fusarium.

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Arisandi, Apri, Maulinna Kusumo Wardhani, Kaswan Badami, and Anisa Sopiyanti. "Pengaruh Perbedaan Salinitas Terhadap Viabilitas Bakteri Pseudomonas spp." Rekayasa 10, no. 1 (February 8, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/rekayasa.v10i1.3600.

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ABSTRAKKondisi perairan laut yang fluktuatif dan cenderung ekstrim menyebabkan rumput laut mudah terserang penyakit ice-ice. Munculnya bercak putih pada thallus rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii yang terinfeksi penyakit ice-ice diduga disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen yaitu Pseudomonas spp. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan salinitas terhadap viabilitas bakteri Pseudomonas spp dan untuk mengetahui pada salinitas berapakah bakteri Pseudomonas spp tidak dapat tumbuh. Bakteri diidentifikasi melalui uji biokimia, dan viabilitas diamati dengan menanam bakteri pada media TSA plate dengan salinitas 30, 32, dan 34 ppt dengan 3 kali pengulangan, dan untuk uji konfirmasi bakteri di tanam pada media TSA miring dengan kadar salinitas 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, dan 100 ppt. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bakteri tumbuh dengan normal pada hampir semua media uji kecuali pada media 100 ppt, hal ini menunjukan bahwa bakteri Pseudomonas spp merupakan bakteri yang bersifat halofilik atau dapat tumbuh baik pada kadar salinitas yang tinggi. Kata Kunci: Eucheuma cottonii, ice-ice, Pseudomonosa spp,Viabilitas. The Influence of Salinity Difference to Viability of Pseudomonas spp. BacteriaABSTRACTThe conditions of marine waters that fluctuate and tend to extremes can cause seaweed susceptible to ice-ice disease. The appearance of white patches on infected Eucheuma cottonii seaweed thallus is estimated as ice-ice disease which is caused by pathogenic bacteria of Pseudomonas spp The objectives of this research is to determine the effect of salinity difference to viability of bacteria Pseudomonas spp and to know on what salinity is the bacterium Pseudomonas spp that can’t grow. Bacteria were identified by biochemical tests. Viability was observed by planting bacteria on TSA plate medium with salinity 30 ppt, 32 ppt, and 34 ppt with 3 repetitions, and for bacterial confirmation test in planting on TSA tilting with salinity 0 ppt, 20 ppt, 40 ppt, 60 ppt, 80 ppt, And 100 ppt. The results showed that bacteria grew normally in almost all test media except in 100 ppt media, this showed that Pseudomonas spp bacteria were halophilic bacteria or could grow well at high salinity levels.Keywords: Eucheuma cottonii, ice-ice, Pseudomonosa spp, Viability.

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Pramudya, Yudhi, and Saktiyono Sigit Tri Pamungkas. "Studi respon cekaman garam terhadap kondisi tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum)." Open Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33292/ost.vol2no1.2022.57.

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Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) merupakan bahan baku penghasil gula digunakan sebagai konsumsi, industri serta sebagai komoditas yang dapat mewujudkan ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Kebutuhan gula secara nasional mengalami peningkatan, namun tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatan hasil produksi gula secara nasional. Demi mempertahankan dan juga meningkatkan produksi tersebut, diperlukan strategi dalam mengoptimalkan kondisi lahan suboptimal yang dipengaruhi oleh cekaman abiotik salah satunya adalah kadar garam yang tinggi yang biasa disebut salinitas. Efek merusak dari salinitas adalah mengurangi pertumbuhan dan optimalisasi fisiologisnya sehingga mengakibatkan stres pada tanaman. Pada kondisi tersebut salinitas berdampak pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta bertanggung jawab pada penurunan potensi produksi tanaman. Produksi tebu tergantung pada panjang dan diameter atau dimensi tubuhnya. Salinitas dapat menyebabkan kerugian akibat perubahan dimensi. Salinitas menyebabkan penurunan potensial air dan meningkatkan tekanan osmotik pada tanah sehingga dapat memperlambat tanaman untuk menyerap air dari, akibatnya akan mempengaruhi morfologis dan fisiologis serta biokimia. Studi pengaruh cekaman stres pada beberapa spesies tanaman dan teknik budidaya pada tebu ini merupakan informasi dasar bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta mengkasji proses penting dalam salinitas sebagai stimultan kondisi garam tinggi, sehingga dapat dijadikan evaluasi dampak morfologi dan fisiologi pada tebu. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi kemajuan riset peningkatan produksi tebu terhadap cekaman garam. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a raw material for producing sugar used for consumption, industry and as a commodity that can achieve food security in Indonesia. National demand for sugar has increased, but is not matched by an increase in national sugar production. In order to maintain and also increase production, a strategy is needed to optimize suboptimal land conditions which are influenced by abiotic streses, one of which is high salt content which is commonly known as salinity. The damaging effect of salinity is to reduce growth and optimize its physiology, resulting in stres on plants. In these conditions salinity has an impact on growth and development and is responsible for reducing the potential for plant production. Sugarcane production depends on the length and diameter or dimensions of the body. Salinity can cause losses due to dimensional changes. Salinity causes a decrease in water potential and increases osmotic pressure in the soil so that it can slow down plants to absorb water from, consequently will affect morphological and physiological as well as biochemical. This study of the effect of stres stres on several plant species and cultivation techniques on sugarcane is basic information aimed at identifying and assessing important processes in salinity as a stimulant for high salt conditions, so that it can be used as an evaluation of the morphological and physiological impacts on sugarcane. This study is expected to provide information for the progress of research on increasing sugarcane production against salt stres.

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Al-Taey, Duraid K. A., and Ali abd Al-Ameer. "Effect of Salinity on the Growth and Yield of Grapes: A review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1262, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 042038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/4/042038.

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Abstract The presence of salt in the soil is a major environmental factor that might reduce grapevine productivity. Excessive salt in the soil causes soil salinity, which in turn causes osmotic stress and toxicity to the grapevine’s root system. This can lead to stunted grapevine development, decreased harvests, and inferior fruit quality. Salinity can alter the physical characteristics of soil, making it less porous and less able to absorb water. This can amplify the negative impacts of salinity on grapevine development and harvest success. Numerous factors influence the severity of salinity’s impact on grapevines. The age and rootstock of the vine, as well as the grape variety, are other important factors. The effects of salinity on grapevine development and production vary with the grapevine’s developmental stage. The salinity of the environment can have a greater effect on the vegetative growth stage than the reproductive growth stage. The reproductive phase is brief and relatively immune to salt stress. Grapevines are especially vulnerable to the negative effects of salt stress during the vegetative growth stage, when the plant’s tissues are still developing. These factors can have a negative impact on grapevine health, leading to poorer yields. Grapevine production is less sensitive to salinity when the plants are in the reproductive phase. Salinity, which decreases sugar concentration, increases acidity, and alters flavor, can still have an impact on fruit quality. Growers can take many measures to reduce the negative effects of salt on grapevines. Choose salt-tolerant grape types and rootstocks, enhance drainage to cut down on salt buildup, and use irrigation methods that minimize salt leaching. In conclusion, salinity can significantly affect grapevine development and harvest success.

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Asy'ari, Asy'ari, Erly Kaligis, Stenly Wullur, and Joice Rimper. "Viability of Tumpaan-strained rotifers, Brachionus rotundiformis, at different salinities." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.2.1.2014.12390.

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Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Viabilitas rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis strain tumpaan pada salinitas berbeda The purpose of the research was to analyze the viability of eggs of Tumpaan-strained rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis, at different salinities (10 and 20 ppt). Rotifer collection was done in the area of reclamation plan and household wastewater disposal located in the coastal village of Tumpaan 1, South Minahasa Regency. At the time of sample collection, water quality parameters of the sampling site were also measured. After multiplication through clone culture in the salinity of 10 ppt and 20 ppt, the viability of the rotifer was then tested by daily observing the number of live rotifers, the number of eggs carried and the number of youngsters produced. The data were then calculated using the life table method. Results showed that water quality of the rotifer collection site is suitable for the rotifer to live. The rotifers held in 10 ppt salinity had higher survivorship and population growth (fertility rate and Ro) than those in 20 ppt salinity. This reflects that beside the quality of feed, rotifer growth is affected by salinity as well. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis viabilitas tetasan telur dari rotifer Brachionus rotundi-formis strain Tumpaan pada salinitas berbeda (10 dan 20 ppt). Pengambilan rotifer dilakukan di suatu areal rencana reklamasi dan tempat pembuangan penelitian air limbah rumah tangga bertempat di pesisir Desa Tumpaan Satu Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Pada saat pengambilan hewan uji, parameter kualitas air di lokasi sampling juga diukur. Setelah diperbanyak dengan kultur klon pada salinitas 10 dan 20 ppt, rotifer kemudian diuji viabilitas dengan melakukan pengamatan setiap hari data jumlah rotifer yang hidup, jumlah telur yang dibawah dan jumlah anak yang dihasludgean. Data kemudian dihitung menggunakan metode life table.Hasil pengukuran kualitas air dari perairan tempat pengambilan rotifer termasuk layak untuk kehidupan rotifer. Rotifer yang diuji pada salinitas 10 ppt memiliki kemampuan hidup serta pertumbuhan populasi (nilai Ro dan laju fertilitas) lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada salinitas 20 ppt. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa selain kualitas pakan, pertumbuhan rotifer juga dipengaruhi oleh salinitas.

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Laudin, Bambang, Erni Indrawati, and Ratnawati Ratnawati. "DINAMIKA PERTUMBUHAN JUVENIL IKAN NILA SALIN PADA TINGKATAN SALINITAS YANG BERBEDA." Journal of Aquaculture and Environment 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35965/jae.v5i2.2642.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kerja osmotik juvenil ikan nila salin pada berbagai salinitas media, dan menentukan salinitas terbaik yang menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan yang maksimal bagi juvenil ikan nila Salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 28 november 2021 sampai 16 januari 2022 di Balai Benih Ikan Rappo Kabupaten Bantaeng Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan.Wadah yang digunakan adalah baskom plastik volume 30 L berjumlah 15 buah.Pakan yang digunakan adalah pakan buatan merek breeder Prima Feed. Penelitan ini desain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan mempunyai 3 ulangan. Kelima salinitas tersebut adalah 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt dan 25 ppt. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut W-Tukey. Salinitas media berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,05) pada tingkat kerja osmotik, setiap perlakuan mempunyai perbedaan tingkat kerja osmotik. Semakin tinggi salinitas semakin tinggi tingkat osmolaritas; 5 ppt (14,667 mOm /L H2O), 10 ppt (21 mOm /L H2O), 15 ppt (33,333 mOm /L H2O), 20 ppt (43,333 mOm /L H2O), 25 ppt (60,333 mOm /L H2O) Pada kelangsungan hidup ikan nila salin pada tingkat salinitas berbeda berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) pada salinitas 5 ppt (100%), 10 ppt (93,333%), 15 ppt (86,667%), 20 ppt (66,667%) dan 25 ppt (57,778%) sebaiknya ikan nila salin dipelihara di salinitas 5 ppt, 10 ppt dan 15 ppt. Selanjutnya tingkat pertumbuhan harian pada salinitas berbeda berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) pada salinitas 5 ppt (0,020 gr/hari), 10 ppt (0,022 gr/hari), 15 ppt (0,027 gr/hari), 20 ppt (0,020 gr/hari) dan 25 ppt (0,015 gr/hari), pertumbuhan terbaik pada salinitas 15 ppt. This study aims to examine the osmotic activity of saline tilapia juveniles at various media salinities, and determine the best salinity that results in maximum survival and growth for saline tilapia juveniles. The research was conducted from November 28 2021 to January 16 2022 at the Rappo Fish Seed Center, Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The containers used were plastic basins with a volume of 30 L totaling 15 pieces. The feed used was artificial feed from the Prima Feed breeder brand. This research was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and each treatment had 3 replications. The five salinities are 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 15 ppt, 20 ppt and 25 ppt. The data obtained were analyzed using variance (ANOVA) followed by the W-Tukey follow-up test. Media salinity had a very significant effect (p<0.05) on the osmotic level, each treatment had a different osmotic level. The higher the salinity, the higher the osmolarity level; 5 ppt (14.667 mOm /L H2O), 10 ppt (21 mOm /L H2O), 15 ppt (33.333 mOm /L H2O), 20 ppt (43.333 mOm /L H2O), 25 ppt (60.333 mOm /L H2O). The survival of saline tilapia at different salinity levels had a significant effect (p <0.05) on salinities of 5 ppt (100%), 10 ppt (93.333%), 15 ppt (86.667%), 20 ppt (66.667%) and 25 ppt (57.778%) saline tilapia should be kept at a salinity of 5 ppt, 10 ppt and 15 ppt. Furthermore, daily growth rates at different salinities had a significant effect (p <0.05) on salinities of 5 ppt (0.020 gr/day), 10 ppt (0.022 gr/day), 15 ppt (0.027 gr/day), 20 ppt (0.020 gr /day) and 25 ppt (0.015 gr/day), the best growth at 15 ppt salinity.

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Simmons, H. B. "SALINITY PROBLEMS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v2.7.

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The basic sources of salt-water pollution are the ocean, industry, and the soil. The ocean is responsible for the intrusion of salt water into rivers, canals, and lakes, and for infiltration of sea water into aquifiers which are tapped by wells. Industry causes salt-water pollution by discharging the brine of mines, oil wells, tanneries, and other industrial wastes into rivers and lakes. The soil is a source of salt-water pollution because of the run-off from chloride-bearing soils and the solution of soluble rocks. The most common and important source of salt-water pollution is the ocean, and is the only source considered in this paper.

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Paskausky, David F. "Salinity variation." Physics Teacher 25, no. 2 (February 1987): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2342160.

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Krishan, Gopal. "Groundwater Salinity." Current World Environment 14, no. 2 (June 8, 2019): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.14.2.02.

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Yan, Lingxiao. "Ocean salinity." Nature Climate Change 14, no. 4 (April 2024): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-01987-3.

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Dańko, Aleksandra, Ralf Schaible, and Maciej J. Dańko. "Salinity Effects on Survival and Reproduction of Hydrozoan Eleutheria dichotoma." Estuaries and Coasts 43, no. 2 (December 23, 2019): 360–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00675-2.

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AbstractSalinity conditions experienced by organisms in coastal regions may shape their life histories. Here, salinity’s impact on reproduction and survival of the hydrozoan Eleutheria dichotoma was investigated using laboratory-cultured individuals originating from Banyuls-sur-Mer (southern France) collected several decades ago. During the experiment (October 2014–July 2015), hydroid colonies and medusae were exposed to three salinities (25, 35, 45). Asexually budded medusae were collected from colonies and reared for three generations obtained by asexual budding of medusae. Salinities experienced by hydroid colonies had only minor effects on initial size, time to maturity, medusa budding, sexual production of planulae by medusae, and survival. In contrast, salinities experienced by medusae influenced their life histories. Compared with medium salinity (35), low-salinity medusae (25) had an earlier onset and higher rates of asexual budding, a later onset and slower rates of sexual reproduction, and higher mortality, which could result from allocation tradeoffs. The increased production of planulae by medusae in low salinity indicated that they were transitioning to a benthic polyp life form more resistant to environmental stress. High salinity (45) delayed asexual maturity, prevented sexual maturity in medusae, and led to lower survival and asexual reproduction rates. Budding rates decreased across the generations; however, planula production rates decreased in medium salinity but increased in low salinity. This might be explained by the accumulation of damage with each generation, and/or by internal rhythms. The flexible responses of this tractable model organism, Eleutheria dichotoma, to salinity change may be useful in future studies on changing estuarine conditions.

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Olsthoorn, Jason, Cynthia E. Bluteau, and Gregory A. Lawrence. "Under‐ice salinity transport in low‐salinity waterbodies." Limnology and Oceanography 65, no. 2 (August 14, 2019): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.11295.

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