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1
Mehin, Kourosh, and Alby G. Link. "SOURCE, MIGRATION AND ENTRAPMENT OF HYDROCARBONS AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE OTWAY BASIN, VICTORIA." APPEA Journal 34, no. 1 (1994): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Salinity distribution, structure, carbon dioxide occurrences, facies and thermal gradient variations and gas isotope studies in the onshore Victorian Otway Basin indicate that the migration of fluids from the Eumeralla Formation source rocks, and the entrapment of hydrocarbons in the Waarre Formation reservoir sands of the Port Campbell Embayment, are closely associated with the presence of three major fault systems. Hydrocarbon accumulation appears to take place where high salinities and normal rift-valley faults are in closest proximity to a structural trap. The large carbon dioxide occurrences are thought to be associated with volcanism and deep vertical fault conduits.Although there are, as yet, considerably fewer exploration wells in the Tyrendarra Embayment/Portland Trough, present studies are nevertheless indicating that broadly similar migration and salinity/fault relationships probably exist in this western portion of the basin. Drilling and analytical results also show this end of the basin to be prospective for not only gas but also oil.
2
Cain, S., and PI Boon. "Cellular osmotica of plants in relation to sediment nitrogen and salt content in mangroves and saltmarshes at Western Port, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 6 (1987): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870783.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sediments from mangrove and saltmarsh areas at Yaringa, Western Port contained high concentrations of chloride (c. 330-2100 mmol per litre of interstitial water) and sodium (c. 320-1900 mmol 1-1). The concentrations recorded during the study were highest in March and lowest in July-August; salinity in the marsh during summer was considerably higher than that commonly reported for saltmarshes in other parts of the world. Sediment ammonium contents (c. 180-580 nmol per cm3 of fresh sediment) were variable across the marsh and throughout the sampling period, with there being little overall pattern to these changes. In contrast, concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were low (< 100 nmol cm3) for most of the year except for a period in March when they were extremely high (c. 1100-1800 nmol cm-3). The leaf-cell sap of all saltmarsh and mangrove plants contained high concentrations of chloride (c. 300-1200 mmol per litre of cell sap), sodium (c. 280-900 mmol l-1) and potassium (c. 40-200 mmol l-1). Glycinebetaine was accumulated in the leaf-cell sap to concentrations of up to about 90 mmol l-1 by Atriplex paludosa, Avicennia marina, Sarcocornia quinqueflora, Sclerostegia arbuscula and Suaeda australis. Proline and glycinebetaine were accumulated by Limonium australe, Samolus repens, Selliera radicans and Triglochin striata, but no species accumulated proline alone. Concentrations of inorganic osmotica in the foliage were generally highest in March, whereas glycinebetaine and proline were at their most concentrated in April. No significant relationship was detected between concentrations of organic osmotica in the plants and that of salt or inorganic nitrogen in the sediments.
3
Hoedt, FE, WF Dimmlich, and P. Dann. "Seasonal variation in the species and size composition of the clupeoid assemblages in Western Port, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 7 (1995): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9951085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The size composition of three species of clupeoid fish was monitored from monthly samples taken between May 1992 and April 1994 in Western Port, Victoria. Anchovy and pilchard were the dominant species in most samples and sandy sprat were occasionally common. Seasonal variations in catches indicate that adult clupeoids are temporary inhabitants in Western Port, migrating into the bay between October and December and leaving between February and June. Juvenile anchovy and pilchard were common in catches between February and April, indicating that Western Port serves as a nursery area for both species. Sizes of adult anchovy and pilchard collected in Western Port were at the lower end of the known range and these probably represent a single age-group of young adult fish. Comparisons with published data from Bass Strait and Port Phillip Bay show the importance of different habitats for different sizes of clupeoids in western Victoria.
4
Dann, Peter, John P. Y. Arnould, Ros Jessop, and Marg Healy. "Distribution and abundance of seabirds in Western Port, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 103, no. 4 (December 2003): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu03017.
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5
Hoedt, FE, and WF Dimmlich. "Diet of subadult Australian salmon, Arripis truttaceus, in Western Port, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 45, no. 4 (1994): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9940617.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stomach contents from 285 pelagically feeding Australian salmon (Arripis truttaceus) caught in Western Port, Victoria, between May 1992 and June 1993 were examined. Stomach contents consisted of three species of clupeoid fishes. These were, in order of importance, anchovy (Engraulis australis), pilchard (Sardinops neoplchardus) and sandy sprat (Hyperlophus vittatus). The diet of A. truttaceus varied on a seasonal basis, both in terms of prey species composition and prey age (juvenile or adult). Adult anchovy were the dominant food item between October and January. In May 1992 and in February and March 1993, juvenile clupeoids dominated gut samples, with most of these being anchovy and pilchard. Sandy sprat comprised a significant component of gut samples in May 1992 and June 1993. Two size groups of salmon were temporarily resident in Western Port. The largest salmon were caught in October and November, and these were replaced by a smaller size group that dominated catches between December and June. The arrival of A. truttaceus subadults in Western Port in spring and their gradual departure from the bay in the late autumn and winter appears to be closely tied to the seasonal inshore/offshore migrations of prey species.
6
Warne, M. T. "NeonesideaandBairdoppilata(Ostracoda) from the Miocene of the Port Phillip and Western Port Basins, Victoria, Australia." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 12, no. 1 (January 1988): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115518808618993.
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7
Hall, Katrina, and Scott Chidgey. "Assessing the environmental impact of water discharge in a sensitive near-shore marine environment." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esso’s Long Island Point facility has been operating for more than 40 years beside Western Port in Victoria, and has discharged treated wastewater and storm water to the bay for most of these years. The 2001 State Environment Protection Policy Schedule F8 for Waters of Western Port is part of Victoria’s Environment Protection Authority’s (EPA) legal framework for licensing discharges to the waters of Victoria, and requires that discharges ‘cause no detrimental change in the environmental quality of the receiving waters, as determined by an environmental monitoring program’. As part of Esso’s ongoing commitment to continuous improvement, a major upgrade to the water treatment facility was completed to further improve the quality of waters discharged to Western Port. In conjunction with this upgrade, Esso is undertaking a study on the effects of the discharge on the environmental quality of Western Port. This peer-reviewed paper presents an example of the practical application of managing discharges to ensure that the stated environmental values of a receiving environment are protected. The environmental study focuses on four key aspects of marine-environment quality relevant to key Western Port ecosystem values in the vicinity of the facility’s effluent discharge, which are: ambient water quality; seagrass biomass; jetty pile epibiota; and, ecological risk through toxicity testing. The study demonstrates the implications of basing regulatory requirements on the quality of the site-specific environmental characteristics, rather than merely effluent quality and generalised water quality objectives. Furthermore, it validates the need for sound science to underpin regulatory limits and industry practices when operating in sensitive environments.
8
Boon, PI, and S. Cain. "Nitrogen cycling in salt-marsh and mangrove sediments at Western Port, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 5 (1988): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880607.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The metabolism of organic nitrogen compounds in sediments from salt-marsh (Sarcocornia quinqueflora) and mangrove (Avicennia marina) areas at Western Port, Victoria, was investigated. Organic nitrogen compounds were metabolized at potential rates of up to 3.9 �mol cmF3 day-1 for amino acids, 23 �mol cm-3 day-( for dipeptides, and 5 �mol cm-1 day-1 for an amide. These were higher than the rate of ammonium regeneration in the absence of added substrate (<0.08 �mol cm-3 day-1); this indicates that organic nitrogenous compounds play a major role in nutrient cycling in coastal sediments. Rates of some transformations were highly correlated with sediment organic-matter content, total nitrogen content or concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus in the sediments, but overall there were few significant correlations between metabolic rates and edaphic conditions. Degradation of organic nitrogenous compounds in these sediments is likely to be influenced strongly by the availability of phosphorus, the quantity and quality of detrital inputs, and the size and activity of microbial populations.
9
TAKEUCHI, ICHIRO, and JAMES K. LOWRY. "Description of Metaprotella haswelliana (Mayer, 1882) (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) from Western Australia with designation of a neotype." Zootaxa 1466, no. 1 (May 7, 2007): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1466.1.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Metaprotella haswelliana (Mayer, 1882), the type species of Metaprotella, was originally described from Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia and was reported from there in literature published between 1882 and 2003. However, the type specimens are lost and no further specimens could be found in recent surveys in New South Wales waters. The only current records are from Albany, Western Australia and from Port Phillip Bay, Victoria. Based on the materials from Western Australia, the poorly known type species, Metaprotella haswelliana is redescribed, a neotype is assigned, and the genus Metaprotella Mayer, 1890 is redefined.
10
Hoedt, FE, and WF Dimmlich. "Egg and larval abundance and spawning localities of the anchovy (Engraulis australis) and pilchard (Sardinops neopilchardus) near Phillip Island, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 4 (1995): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950735.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The distribution and abundance of the eggs and larvae of the anchovy (Engraulis australis) and pilchard (Sardinops neopilchardus) were determined for the waters near Phillip Island between May 1992 and January 1994. Eggs and larvae of both species were common in these waters, indicating that this region is an important spawning area for both species. Pilchard eggs and larvae occurred at sample stations in Bass Strait and in the western entrance to Western Port. Anchovy eggs and larvae were collected both within Western Port and at most plankton stations in Bass Strait. The mean density of anchovy eggs in Western Port differed markedly between the two spawning seasons, suggesting that the number of adult fish spawning therein can vary between years. Densities of pilchard eggs and of the larvae of both species exhibited considerable spatial variability in Bass Strait.
11
VandenBerg, Alfons H. M. "Depositional facies and extent of the late Neogene Sandringham Sandstone in southern Victoria, Australia." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 128, no. 2 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs16009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The late Neogene sedimentary rocks in the Port Phillip region have in the past been subdivided into a lower shallow marine unit, Black Rock Sandstone, overlain by a fluvial unit, Red Bluff Sandstone. Re-examination of the type section of these units at Sandringham shows that it is entirely of paralic origin, with no evidence for fluvial deposition. Criteria for interpreting a shallow marine origin are sedimentary structures including a planar bedding style and swaley cross-stratification, and highly rounded clasts in conglomerates. Using these criteria it can be demonstrated that all named late Neogene sedimentary rock units in the Port Phillip region are paralic deposits, and that the same applies to the Hanson Plain Sand of the Port Campbell Embayment. Because these were deposited as a continuous sheet, the multiplicity of names used hitherto is not justified and should be unified under the single name Sandringham Sandstone. This formation was deposited on a strandplain that extends across western Victoria to the southern fringe of the Western Uplands. The same lateral continuity applies to the underlying Miocene marl formation, which is unified under the name Gellibrand Marl.
12
Gell, Peter A. "The Development of a Diatom Database for Inferring Lake Salinity, Western Victoria, Australia: Towards a Quantitative Approach for Reconstructing Past Climates." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 3 (1997): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt96036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The development of a modern data set of 156 diatom samples from salt lakes has provided evidence of the tolerance of a large number of taxa to the salinity of lake waters. Thirty taxa have been recorded from 30 or more samples and so have been well characterised. A further 42 taxa have been recorded from 10 or more samples. The lakes sampled range in salinity from the freshwater–oligosaline boundary to well into the hypersaline range, so the upper and lower salinity tolerance limits of many species were investigated. Canonical correspondence analysis of the data set showed that salinity was the most important of the tested parameters influencing the diatom assemblages in the samples. Randomisation tests have provided correlation values between measured and predicted salinity comparable with those gained from other major salt lake diatom data sets, suggesting that this set is a good predictor of lake salinity.
13
Aldaoud, R., W. Guppy, L. Callinan, S. F. Flett, K. A. Wratten, G. A. Murray, T. Cook, and A. McAllister. "Occurrence of Phytophthora clandestina in Trifolium subterraneum paddocks in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 2 (2001): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 1995–96, a survey of soil samples from subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) paddocks was conducted across Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia, to determine the distribution and the prevalence of races of Phytophthora clandestina (as determined by the development of root rot on differential cultivars), and the association of its occurrence with paddock variables. In all states, there was a weak but significant association between P. clandestina detected in soil samples and subsequent root rot susceptibility of differential cultivars grown in these soil samples. Phytophthora clandestina was found in 38% of the sampled sites, with a significantly lower prevalence in South Australia (27%). There were significant positive associations between P. clandestina detection and increased soil salinity (Western Australia), early growth stages of subterranean clover (Victoria), mature subterranean clover (South Australia), recently sown subterranean clover (South Australia), paddocks with higher subterranean clover content (Victoria), where herbicides were not applied (South Australia), irrigation (New South Wales and Victoria), cattle grazing (South Australia and Victoria), early sampling dates (Victoria and New South Wales), sampling shortly after the autumn break or first irrigation (Victoria), shorter soil storage time (Victoria) and farmer’s perception of root rot being present (Victoria and New South Wales). Only 29% of P. clandestina isolates could be classified under the 5 known races. Some of the unknown races were virulent on cv. Seaton Park LF (most resistant) and others were avirulent on cv. Woogenellup (most susceptible). Race 1 was significantly less prevalent in South Australia than Victoria and race 0 was significantly less prevalent in New South Wales than in South Australia and Western Australia. This study revealed extremely wide variation in the virulence of P. clandestina. The potential importance of the results on programs to breed for resistance to root rot are discussed. in South Australia.
14
Dann, Peter. "Feeding Behaviour and Diet of Double-banded Plovers Charadrius bicinctus in Western Port, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 91, no. 3 (August 1991): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9910179.
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15
Morris, Liz, Gregory Jenkins, David Hatton, and Timothy Smith. "Effects of nutrient additions on intertidal seagrass (Zostera muelleri) habitat in Western Port, Victoria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 7 (2007): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06095.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Loss of seagrass habitat in many parts of the world has been attributed to increases in nutrient loading to nearshore areas. The role of excess epiphyte, macroalgal or phytoplankton growth in shading of seagrass leaves and negatively affecting seagrass health is generally agreed to be a prevalent mechanism in seagrass decline worldwide. In the present study nutrient addition experiments were undertaken at three sites in Western Port, Victoria. Nutrients were added to the water column using the controlled release fertiliser Osmocote™ in late summer 2005. The experiments ran for one month at two of the sites (Blind Bight and Hastings) and at the third site (Crib Point) the experiment ran for three months. Control and nutrient addition plots were monitored for concentrations of inorganic nutrients, number of seagrass leaves, seagrass, epiphyte and loose algal biomass and invertebrate faunal assemblages. Nutrient additions had increased ash free dry weight of seagrass leaves and loose algae at two of the three sites studied. There was also an increase in gammarid amphipod densities at the Crib Point site. We consider that Western Port seagrass habitat is sensitive to increased loads of nutrients within the water column with the Blind Bight region most at risk.
16
Bok, Melanie, Scott Chidgey, and Peter Crockett. "Five years on: monitoring of Long Island Point’s Western Port wastewater discharge." APPEA Journal 57, no. 1 (2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Esso Long Island Point facility is situated on the edge of Western Port, an important Ramsar designated wetland for migratory birds in Victoria, Australia. The gas fractionation and crude oil storage facility has operated for over 40 years and has discharged treated wastewater to Western Port for most of these years in accordance with its environmental regulatory licence. The 2003 State Environment Protection Policy for Waters of Western Port is the Victorian Environment Protection Authority’s regulatory framework for licensing wastewater discharges to the wetland, and among other items, requires that discharges must cause no ‘detrimental change in the environmental quality of the receiving waters’ or ‘chronic impacts outside any declared mixing zone’. A major upgrade to the water treatment facility in 2010 included a risk-based marine ecosystem program to monitor key environmental indicators including water quality, jetty pile invertebrate communities and seagrass condition. The program’s longer-term monitoring record has allowed assessment of potential chronic effects on invertebrates and seagrass by comparing temporal changes at monitoring sites over the period from pre-operations (2010) to present (2016) and spatial changes between near-field to far-field sites, kilometres from the discharge point. The program has shown that management of the discharge maintains beneficial uses and environmental objectives at the boundary of the mixing zone, and the marine ecosystem is protected from potentially slower and longer-term adverse effects in the far-field. The program demonstrates that the treated wastewater discharge has had no adverse impact on key environmental indicators in Western Port over the longer-term study period.
17
Dimmlich, Wetjens F., and Frank E. Hoedt. "Age and Growth of the Myosid Squid Loliolus Noctiluca in Western Port, Victoria, Determined from Statolith Microstructure Analysis." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no. 2 (May 1998): 577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400041631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Growth in Loliolus noctiluca (Myopsida: Loliginidae) in Western Port, Victoria, Australia was studied from statolith growth increments. Tetracycline staining experiments verified previous work on tropical forms of this species that showed growth increments to be deposited daily. A logistic growth function described the relationship between length and increment number. There appear to be major differences in the form of growth, longevity and life history pattern between tropical and temperate forms of this species. These are probably attributable to differences in environmental conditions.
18
Johnston, M. J., M. J. Shaw, A. Robley, and N. K. Schedvin. "Bait uptake by feral cats on French Island, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 29, no. 1 (2007): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am07009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Management of feral cat (Felis catus) populations is currently limited by the lack of a control technique that is cost-effective, target-specific and suitable for broad-scale application. This paper describes two non-toxic bait acceptance trials undertaken on French Island in Western Port, Victoria in south?eastern Australia. Moist meat baits were injected with the marker Rhodamine B (RB), and surface distributed along the existing road and firebreak network. Subsequent trapping of feral cats facilitated collection of whiskers, which were analysed using ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy for the presence of RB marking. Twenty-four and forty-seven cats respectively were recovered in each trial with fifty per cent of these individuals found to have consumed at least one bait in either trial. Results are discussed with reference to the development of a felid-specific toxicant baiting technique.
19
Chakrabarti, S., and Arunina Ghosh. "Study of Water and Soil Pollution Status of Eastern and Western Coastal Zone to identify one Mangrove species as biomarker for high salinity and heavy metals." Indian Journal of Forestry 33, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2010-1lj1qm.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
World’s richest productive ecosystem is the coastal zone. Its richness attracted high human population growth in coastal areas resulting in deforestation for establishment of industries, tourism, port and disposal ground of waste. In the East Coastal Zone 9 rivers, including Gang-Hooghly river system fall into Bay of Bengal adding about 21, 660 m3/day of waste and 21.0152 MT/day of solid waste which finally goes to Sunderban area polluting marine water, soil and plant population. Similarly, in the Western Coastal Zone, 11 major ports and about 10,000 ships per year continuously polluting water, soil and flora and fauna. The water, soil status of Eastern and Western zone from different identified location indicated high salinity C.O.D., B.O.D., pH. For those area, the mangrove, Avicennia officianalis is identified as bio-marker and hyper heavy metal accumulator for salinity and heavy metals.
20
Dann, Peter. "Feeding Periods and Supratidal Feeding of Red-necked Stints and Curlew Sandpipers in Western Port, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 99, no. 3 (September 1999): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu99025a.
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21
Howard, RK, and JD Koehn. "Population dynamics and feeding ecology of pipefish (Syngnathidae) associated with eelgrass beds of Western Port, Victoria." Marine and Freshwater Research 36, no. 3 (1985): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9850361.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Three species of pipefish, Urocarnpus carinirostris Castelnau, Vanacarnpus phillipi (Lucus) and Mitotichthys semistriatus (Kaup), occurred regularly in collections from eelgrass beds of Western Port. A fourth species, Stigmatopora nigra Kaup, was rare. U. carinirostris and V. philippi dominated catches. Brooding males were present for 6-9 months of the year, juveniles were recruited in summer and early autumn, and both species were annual. The pipefish fauna included two main behavioural types. V. phillipi and M. sernistriatus oriented themselves horizontally and were relatively strong swimmers. U. carinirostris and S. nigra were more sedentary, attaching themselves to benthic vegetation by means of a prehensile tail. The latter two species closely mimicked eelgrass leaves in movements, orientation and colour. All inhabited the eelgrass leaf canopy except V. phillipi, which occupied the sediment-water interface. The pipefish were visually orienting, sit-and-wait predators. Pelagic or epibenthic copepods and small epibenthic amphipods comprised the bulk of diets; only V. phillipi ingested polychaetes and plant detritus.
22
Birch, C., G. Gibbs, D. Palmer, R. Tait, and G. Terrens. "DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TREATMENT FACILITIES FOR WASTEWATER AT ESSO LONG ISLAND POINT TERMINAL, WESTERN PORT VICTORIA." APPEA Journal 30, no. 1 (1990): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj89030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Occasional high loadings of ethylene glycol have caused problems for Esso in meeting an existing Environment Protection Authority (EPA) licence condition for total organic carbon (TOC) in a discharge of waste water to Western Port. The main constituent of the waste stream was crude tank water (CTW) which is mainly residual formation water that separates in oil tanks at Long Island Point terminal. Discussions and co-operation between Esso, the EPA and government laboratories has led to the development of a new water treatment process and a revised licence. The process and licence are both oriented to minimising the toxicity of the effluent, rather than to meeting traditional chemical criteria alone.The median lethal concentration (LC30) and chemical characteristics of CTW were determined before and after modification of the effluent by a range of laboratory treatments. The test organism for toxicity was the marine gammarid amphipod Allorchestes compressa. This combination of toxicological and chemical testing showed that the toxicity of CTW to marine organisms was largely due to volatile and oxidisable components, particularly sulphide and lower aromatic hydrocarbons. This suggests that aeration was likely to be the most cost-effective treatment to achieve acceptable toxicity levels for the final effluent.Testing of CTW passed through a pilot air stripping plant (again for toxicity and chemical content) confirmed the effectiveness of the process in reducing toxicity. A full scale plant was constructed and is operating satisfactorily. The water after treatment is led to the existing diffuser in Western Port. The volatile toxic chemicals are destroyed in an existing acid gas incinerator operating under an air discharge licence.
23
GURNEY, ROBERT H., ALEXEY V. RYBAKOV, JENS T. HØEG, and ARMAND M. KURIS. "Sacculina nectocarcini, a new species of rhizocephalan (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala) parasitising the red rock crab Nectocarcinus integrifrons (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae)." Zootaxa 1332, no. 1 (October 12, 2006): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1332.1.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The parasitic barnacles, Rhizocephala, are a little known group within Australia with only seven described species from a coastline stretching approximately 59763 km. This study describes a new species of Rhizocephala, Sacculina nectocarcini. The description is based on a unique combination of features pertaining to the structure of the mantle papillae, the retinaculae and the male receptacles. Biological notes, prevalence and intensity of infection are reported for this rhizocephalan, infesting the red rock crab, Nectocarcinus integrifrons, collected from Western Port, Victoria, Australia.
24
Foster, J. D., and A. J. Hodgson. "PORT CAMPBELL REVIEWED: METHANE AND CHAMPAGNE." APPEA Journal 35, no. 1 (1995): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj94027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gas fields in the Port Campbell Embayment currently supply all the natural gas markets (non-LPG) in western Victoria as well as commercial quantities of carbon dioxide (C02) to industrial markets. Initial discoveries made between 1979 and 1981 were brought on-stream in 1986 with production from the North Paaratte field. Another substantial discovery was made in 1988, the Iona gas field, followed by the Boggy Creek C02 field in 1991, then the My lor and Langley fields in 1994. Discovery of Mylor marked the first recovery of oil from the Late Cretaceous Waarre Formation. Extensive 2D seismic data sets have been recorded in the region since 1979, and the first 3D seismic survey in the Otway Basin was carried out in 1993 extending beyond the area of the initial discoveries. No data on the fields have been published for nearly a decade and little detail about the structural and stratigraphic geology of the Late Cretaceous in the area has been documented. Summaries of the fields are presented incorporating many insights gained from interpretation of the 3D seismic data and its verification by the 'rotary lie detector'.
25
Stevens, Craig, Won Sang Lee, Giannetta Fusco, Sukyoung Yun, Brett Grant, Natalie Robinson, and Chung Yeon Hwang. "The influence of the Drygalski Ice Tongue on the local ocean." Annals of Glaciology 58, no. 74 (April 2017): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aog.2017.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT The Drygalski Ice Tongue presents an ~80 km long floating obstacle to alongshore flows in the Victoria Land coastal ocean region of the Western Ross Sea. Here we use oceanographic data from near to the tongue to explore the interplay between the floating glacier and the local currents and stratification. A vessel-based circuit of the glacier, recording ocean temperature and salinity profiles, reveals the southwest corner to be the coldest and most complex in terms of vertical structure. The southwest corner structure beneath the surface warm, salty layer sustains a block of very cold water extending to 200 m depth. In this same location there was a distinct layer at 370 m not seen anywhere else of water at ~−1.93°C. The new observations broadly, but not directly, support the presence of a coherent Victoria Land Coastal Current. The data suggest the northward moving coastal current turns against the Coriolis force and works its way anticlockwise around the glacier, but with leakage beneath the glacier through the highly ‘rippled’ underside, resulting in a spatially heterogeneous supply to the Terra Nova Bay Polynya region – an important location for the formation of high-salinity shelf water.
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Cumming, Erin, Jessie C. Jarvis, Craig D. H. Sherman, Paul H. York, and Timothy M. Smith. "Seed germination in a southern Australian temperate seagrass." PeerJ 5 (March 23, 2017): e3114. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3114.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a series of experiments, seeds from a temperate seagrass species,Zostera nigricauliscollected in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia were exposed to a range of salinities (20 PSU pulse/no pulse, 25 PSU, 30 PSU, 35 PSU), temperatures (13 °C, 17 °C, 22 °C), burial depths (0 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm) and site specific sediment characteristics (fine, medium, coarse) to quantify their impacts on germination rate and maximum overall germination. In southern Australia the seagrassZ. nigricaulisis a common subtidal species; however, little is known about the factors that affect seed germination which is a potential limiting factor in meadow resilience to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Overall seed germination was low (<20%) with germination decreasing to <10% when seeds were placed in the sediment. When germination ofZ. nigricaulisseeds was observed, it was enhanced (greater overall germination and shorter time to germination) when seeds were exposed to a 20 PSU pulse for 24 h, maintained at salinity of 25 PSU, temperatures <13 °C, in sediments with fine or medium grain sand and buried at a depth of <1 cm. These results indicate that germination ofZ. nigricaulisseeds underin situconditions may be seasonally limited by temperatures in southern Australia. Seed germination may be further restricted by salinity as freshwater pulses reaching 20 PSU are typically only observed in Port Phillip Bay following large scale rainfall events. As a result, these populations may be particularly susceptible to disturbance with only a seasonally limited capacity for recovery.
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Butler, Sarah N., Manieka Reid, and Fiona L. Bird. "Population biology of the ghost shrimps, Trypaea australiensis and Biffarius arenosus (Decapoda: Thalassinidea), in Western Port, Victoria." Memoirs of Museum Victoria 66, no. 1 (2009): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2009.66.6.
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Chambers, Lynda E., and Richard H. Loyn. "The influence of climate variability on numbers of three waterbird species in Western Port, Victoria, 1973–2002." International Journal of Biometeorology 50, no. 5 (January 25, 2006): 292–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-005-0019-2.
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McLean, R., and P. McManamon. "An innovative approach to small town water quality improvements." Water Supply 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Innovative solutions are required to meet the conflicting criteria of service level, community need, community desire, cost and risk to the supply authority in the delivery of water quality improvements to small regional communities. Grampians Region Water Authority services 74 towns in North-Western Victoria, an area of generally low rainfall, sparse settlement and few natural waterways. Town populations range from 10 to 13,000, with 56 towns having less than 500 people. A Water Quality Improvement Plan was recently developed by Grampians Water to address these natural difficulties. The plan examined a broad range of alternatives beyond the single-pipe reticulated supply system, including dual-pipe reticulation, rainwater sources and household water treatment systems for achieving target quality levels. The key findings were:• regional treatment plants are not economical if towns are more than 25 km apart• salinity is a major influence on strategy• for low salinity supplies, conventional treatment is most economical• for marginal salinity supplies, a two stage process involving conventional treatment and desalination is appropriate• desalination provides a total solution for high salinity groundwater supplies• drinking quality can only be economically achieved in very small towns by using household treatment of rainwater in a dual supply system. The resultant strategies and implementation issues outlined reveal some significant variations to the conventional approach.
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García, Adriana. "Charophyte Flora of South-eastern South Australia and South-western Victoria, Australia: Systematics, Distribution and Ecology." Australian Journal of Botany 47, no. 3 (1999): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt97084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The charophytes (Charales, Charophyta) from south-eastern South Australia and south-western Victoria were studied on the basis of collections from 56 waterbodies, 39 of which included charophytes. Chara globularis var. globularis (Thuillier) Wood, C. globularis var. virgata (KÜtzing) Wood, C. fibrosa var. fibrosa (Agardh ex Bruzelius) Wood, C. fibrosa var. acanthopitys (Braun) Wood, C. hookeri Braun, C. preissii (Braun) Wood, Lamprothamnium macropogon (Braun) Ophel, Nitella ignescens García, N. ungula García, N. lhotzkyi (Braun) Braun, N. aff. lhotzkyi, and N. congesta (Brown) Braun were recognised. An identification key for these species makes determination possible. A brief characterisation of the environment where the charophytes were found is provided, as a first approximation of the ecological requirements of Australian charophytes. At this stage their distribution can be mainly related to salinity, with charophytes living in fresh to hypersaline conditions (0.0–58.0 g L–1). Special attention is put on L. macropogon, a euryhaline calcifying species, which has the broadest distribution in the area. The floristic analysis shows endemism, dioecism and a high diversification of non-calcifying taxa as the main characteristics of the charophyte flora analysed.
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Abdelfattah, Mohamed, Heba Abdel-Aziz Abu-Bakr, Ahmed Gaber, Mohamed H. Geriesh, Ashraf Y. Elnaggar, Nihal El Nahhas, and Taher Mohammed Hassan. "Proposing the Optimum Withdrawing Scenarios to Provide the Western Coastal Area of Port Said, Egypt, with Sufficient Groundwater with Less Salinity." Water 13, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 3359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13233359.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recently, groundwater resources in Egypt have become one of the important sources to meet human needs and activities, especially in coastal areas such as the western area of Port Said, where seawater desalination cannot be used due to the problem of oil spill and the reliance upon groundwater resources. Thus, the purpose of the study is the sustainable management of the groundwater resources in the coastal aquifer entailing groundwater abstraction. In this regard, the Visual MODFLOW and SEAWAT codes were used to simulate groundwater flow and seawater intrusion in the study area for 50 years (from 2018 to 2068) to predict the drawdown, as well as the salinity distribution due to the pumping of the wells on the groundwater coastal aquifer based on field investigation data and numerical modelling. Different well scenarios were used, such as the change in well abstraction rate, the different numbers of abstraction wells, the spacing between the abstraction wells and the change in screen depth in abstraction. The recommended scenarios were selected after comparing the predicted drawdown and salinity results for each scenario to minimize the seawater intrusion and preserve these resources from degradation.
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Katrak, Gitanjali, and Fiona L. Bird. "Comparative effects of the large bioturbators, Trypaea australiensis and Heloecius cordiformis, on intertidal sediments of Western Port, Victoria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 6 (2003): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effect of bioturbation by the ghost shrimp Trypaea australiensis and semaphore crab Heloecious cordiformis was compared in sediment-filled tanks in the laboratory. Effect of bioturbator density was also investigated with high- and low-density treatments. It was hypothesised that the two species would influence the sediment profile in different ways owing to their contrasting burrowing and feeding habits. Both species increased porosity of surface sediments relative to control tanks. Crab activity did not alter redox potential, but low densities of shrimp created more oxidising conditions and high densities of shrimp created more reducing conditions than controls. Burial of tracer particles by crabs was restricted to the top 5 cm, whereas shrimp mixed particles to depths of 25 cm. Bioturbator density had little effect on the extent of particle mixing. The presence of both shrimp and crabs increased benthic microalgae in the sediments relative to the controls. Again, crabs had the greatest effect at the sediment surface, whereas shrimp also enhanced concentrations at 25 cm depth. High densities of shrimp had the greatest effect. Overall, shrimp bioturbation influenced deeper sediments than crab bioturbation, but there was no clear density-dependent effect.
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Rogers, K., N. Saintilan, and H. Heijnis. "Mangrove encroachment of salt marsh in Western Port Bay, Victoria: The role of sedimentation, subsidence, and sea level rise." Estuaries 28, no. 4 (August 2005): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02696066.
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Edgar, G. J., C. Shaw, G. F. Watsona, and L. S. Hammond. "Comparisons of species richness, size-structure and production of benthos in vegetated and unvegetated habitats in Western Port, Victoria." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 176, no. 2 (March 1994): 201–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(94)90185-6.
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Edwards, Matthew, and John Webb. "Hydrogeology of a Tertiary-Quaternary alluvial sequence in western Victoria, and the potential for upward leakage to induce dryland salinity." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2006, no. 1 (December 2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2006ab042.
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Ponder, WF, and GA Clark. "A Morphological and Electrophoretic Examination of Hydrobia Buccinoides, a Variable Brackish-Water Gastropod From Temperate Australia (Mollusca, Hydrobiidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 6 (1988): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880661.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The morphology of the abundant brackish-water hydrobiid snail known as 'Hydrobia buccinoides' is described. A new genus, Ascorhis, is provided for it and the valid species name for the southern (South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania) and eastern (New South Wales, Queensland) populations is shown to be victoriae T. Woods. The species name buccinoides is based on Assiminea tasmanica and is an earlier name for that species. Morphological and allozyme differences indicate that the Western Australian populations should be distinguished as a separate species and a new name (A. occidua) is provided for these. Both species show a considerable intrapopulation variation in shell sculpture. Salinity tolerance experiments on three Sydney populations indicate that Ascorhis victoriae tolerates a wide range of salinities, the middle of the preferred range being about that of normal seawater.
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Rovira, AD. "Dryland mediterranean farming systems in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920801.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The mediterranean region of Australia extends from Geraldton in Western Australia across southern Australia into western and northern Victoria. This region experiences hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters, with 300-600 mm annual rainfall. In the dryland farming zone, the cereal-livestock farming system dominates and produces 30-35% of Australia's total agricultural production. The major soils in the region are deep, coarse-textured sands and sandy loams, duplex soils with coarse-textured sands over clay (generally low in nutrients and organic matter), and fine-textured red-brown earths of low hydraulic conductivity. Major soil problems in the region include sodicity, salinity, soil structural degradation, nutrient deficiencies, boron toxicity, acidity, waterlogging, inadequate nitrogen nutrition, water-repellence, and root diseases. These problems have been exacerbated by excessive clearing of trees, increased frequency of cropping, reduced area sown to pastures, declining pasture production, and a decline in nutrient levels. With improved soil management there is potential for increased productivity from dryland farming areas of the region and improved ecological sustainability.
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Foreman, Paul. "The 1840 Western Port journey and Aboriginal fire history in the grassy ecosystems of lowland, mesic south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 68, no. 4 (2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt19088.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The historic influence of human fire and the role of ‘top-down’ vs ‘bottom-up’ drivers on ecosystems globally is highly contested, and our knowledge of regime diversity is poor. This paper uses an early European account as a case study to describe Aboriginal fire history in south-eastern Australia based on links between fire and: grasslands, native foods and culture. The route and observations detailed in Assistant Protector William Thomas’ 1840 account of a journey led by Aborigines to Western Port, Victoria, were overlayed with grass-tree boundaries compiled from historic plans. The narrative provides direct evidence of up to moderate-scale and intensity burns (with minimal fine-scale patchiness), undertaken in the height of the dry season, opportunistically linked to rainfall. The fires targeted open grassy ‘plains’ to maintain and access preferred hunter-gathering grounds. A synthesis of the earliest records supports high frequency anthropogenic burning maintaining alternative vegetation states with dynamic boundaries on elevated alluvial plains and, in places, adjoining swamps. The narrative represents an important primary source for studying traditional society, including the description of a local historic fire regime (‘koyuga burning’). Establishing such a fire regime ‘benchmark’ has the potential to stimulate new interdisciplinary research around the complex processes controlling grass-tree patterns, and build confidence that fire-stick farming was potentially instrumental in grassland formation, and integral to grassland maintenance throughout this region.
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Williams, B., J. Walker, and J. Anderson. "Spatial variability of regolith leaching and salinity in relation to Whole Farm Planning." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 10 (2006): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An electromagnetic induction (EM31) survey was carried out on a 700-ha property in the western basalt plains of Victoria. The apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) was interpreted in terms of the inferred salt content and, hence, the degree of leaching or recharge through the upper 5 m of the regolith. The focus of the survey was to determine the spatial variability of ECa across a landscape of low relief which included salt lakes. The area mapped is subject to regional groundwater discharge. All parts of the property exhibited hydrological ‘sinks’ and ‘trenches’ of relatively low ECa values, interpreted as areas of preferential recharge or leaching through the regolith. They ranged in size from 200 to 500 m in diameter and/or length and were not related to relief. This apparent hydrological ‘holeyness’ of the upper regolith suggests local recharge into the regional groundwater system. This finding has important implications for Whole Farm Planning and Environmental Management Strategies as local recharge can be reduced by manipulating ground cover and land-use practices. Both the mean and standard deviation of ECa values across the property provide a rational basis for planning land management practices. The location of hydrological ‘holes’ can be built in as significant layers in Whole Farm Plans to minimise water entering the water table and/or salt lakes.
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Currie, BR, and RB Johns. "Lipids as indicators of the origin of organic matter in fine marine particulate matter." Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 4 (1988): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The lipid compositions of fine particulate matter (<35 �m diameter) have been analysed from two temperate sites (Western Port Bay, WPB, and Corner Inlet, CI, Victoria) and two tropical sites (Bowling Green Bay, BGB, and Lizard Island Lagoon, LIL, North Queensland) in the Australian coastal zone. Identification of lipid biomarker molecules (especially fatty acids, fatty alcohols and sterols) has, in conjunction with microscopy, enabled identification and, in some instances, quantification of a range of biological inputs. Estimated contributions of biomass to total particulate mass in the temperate samples were: seagrass detritus (~10-15%) > bacteria (~34%) > live diatoms (≤ 1%). Similar estimations for the tropical samples were: BGB, bacteria (- 1%) > live diatoms (< 1%); and LIL, bacteria (~20-30%) > copepod detritus (≥ 1%) > live diatoms (< 1 %). Biomarkers also indicated the presence of coral mucus and a distinctive bacterial chemotype, possessing branched chain alcohols, in the LIL sample.
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Lomakin, P. D. "Investigation of the field of colored dissolved organic matter concentration and its relationship to the salinity field in Dnieper-Bug estuary." Monitoring systems of environment, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33075/2220-5861-2021-2-72-80.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the data of the expedition carried out in August 2012, the features of the structure of the salinity and fDOM concentration fields, as well as the correlation between these values in the Dnieper-Bug estuary, are analyzed. It is shown that the salinity field in the Dnieper-Bug estuary is characterized by all structural features typical of coastal sea areas freshened by river runoff, while the fDOM concentration field has anomalous properties due to the presence of an anthropogenic component of this value. The presence of fDOM of anthropogenic origin is most significant in the western part of the Dnieper estuary and is related to the influence of the city and port of Ochakov. The maximum content of fDOM was recorded here, which caused an anomalous horizontal distribution of this substance concentration, increasing from the mouth of the Dnieper to the open Black Sea waters. The contaminated areas of the studied water areas, which are adjacent to settlements and occupy the predominant part of the water surface of the Dnieper-Bug estuary, are characterized by an increased fDOM content and intrusive feature of the vertical structure of this substance concentration field of. It is revealed that in the Dnieper-Bug estuary there is no inverse correlation between the salinity fields and fDOM concentration, which is typical for unpolluted coastal waters, freshened by river runoff. A similar anomaly is an indicator of the pollution of coastal waters with organic matter.
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Barton, Jan L., and Leon Metzeling. "The Development of Biological Objectives for Streams in a Single Catchment: A Case Study on the Catchment of Western Port Bay, Victoria, Australia." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 95, no. 1-3 (July 2004): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:emas.0000029906.80903.7a.
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Masters, D., N. Edwards, M. Sillence, A. Avery, D. Revell, M. Friend, P. Sanford, G. Saul, C. Beverly, and J. Young. "The role of livestock in the management of dryland salinity." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 7 (2006): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Management of dryland salinity in Australia will require changes in the design and utilisation of plant systems in agriculture. These changes will provide new opportunities for livestock agriculture. In areas already affected by salt, a range of plants can be grown from high feeding value legumes with moderate salt tolerance through to highly salt tolerant shrubs. A hectare of these plants may support between 500 and 2000 sheep grazing days per year. The type of plants that can be grown and the subsequent animal production potential depend on a range of factors that contribute to the ‘salinity stress index’ of a site, including soil and groundwater salinity, the extent and duration of waterlogging and inundation, the pattern and quantity of annual rainfall, soil texture and chemistry, site topography and other site parameters. Where the salinity stress index is high, plant options will usually include a halophytic shrub that accumulates salt. High salt intakes by grazing ruminants depress feed intake and production. Where high and low salt feeds are available together, ruminants will endeavour to select a diet that optimises the overall feeding value of the ingested diet. In areas that are not yet salt affected but contribute to groundwater recharge, perennial pasture species offer an opportunity for improved water and salt management both on-farm and at the catchments. If perennial pasture systems are to be adopted on a broad scale, they will need to be more profitable than current annual systems. In the high rainfall zones in Victoria and Western Australia, integrated bioeconomic and hydrological modelling indicates that selection of perennial pasture plants to match requirements of a highly productive livestock system significantly improves farm profit and reduces groundwater recharge. In the low to medium rainfall zones, fewer perennial plant options are available. However, studies aiming to use a palette of plant species that collectively provide resilience to the environment while maintaining profitable livestock production may also lead to new options for livestock in the traditional cropping zone.
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Nichols, P. G. H., M. E. Rogers, A. D. Craig, T. O. Albertsen, S. M. Miller, D. R. McClements, S. J. Hughes, M. F. D'Antuono, and B. S. Dear. "Production and persistence of temperate perennial grasses and legumes at five saline sites in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 4 (2008): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Herbage production and persistence of 24 perennial legumes from 20 species and 19 perennial grasses from 10 species were measured at five sites across southern Australia that differed in annual rainfall and extent of salinity and waterlogging. At Cranbrook, Western Australia, a site with occasional waterlogging and a summer salinity [estimated by electrical conductivity (ECe)] of 6.9 dS/m in the surface 10 cm of soil, strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum L.) and Lotus uligonosis Schkuhr produced 2.7 t/ha in the second year and had the highest legume plant frequencies in year 3, while herbage production of L. tenuis Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. and L. corniculatus L. was not significantly lower. No grasses produced more than 0.3 t/ha in the second year, but tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu & R.-C. Wang) was the most persistent. At Girgarre, Victoria, another site with occasional waterlogging and a summer ECe of 8.0 dS/m, phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) produced 8.5 t/ha in the second year, while production of tall wheatgrass and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was not significantly lower. Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) was the only legume that produced more than 1 t/ha. Phalaris, tall wheatgrass and sulla had the highest densities in the third year. At Duranillin (Western Australia) and Keith (South Australia), which both experienced extensive winter waterlogging and had summer ECe >30 dS/m, puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata Bor) and tall wheatgrass were the only grass or legume species that persisted beyond the first summer. Puccinellia was the only species to produce useful quantities of herbage (1.0 t/ha) in year 3 at Duranillin. No perennial grasses or legumes produced more than 0.35 t/ha in either year 2 or year 3 at Tammin, Western Australia, the lowest rainfall site (330 mm mean annual rainfall) with summer ECe of 10.9 dS/m. Genotypic differences within sites were indicated for several species, suggesting opportunities to develop cultivars better adapted to saline soils
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Darragh, Thomas A. "William Blandowski: A frustrated life." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 121, no. 1 (2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs09011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When Johann Wilhelm Theodor Ludwig von Blandowski (1822-1878), was appointed Government Zoologist on 1 March 1854, Victoria gained a scientist, who had attended Tarnowitz Mining School and science lectures at Berlin University. He had been an assistant manager in part of the Koenigsgrube coal mine at Koenigshütte, but as a consequence of some kind of misdemeanour, resigned from the Prussian Mining Service and joined the Schleswig-Holstein Army in March 1848. After resigning his Lieutenant’s commission and trying unsuccessfully to obtain another appointment in the Prussian Mining Service, he left for Adelaide in May 1849 as a collector of natural history specimens. After some collecting expeditions and earning a living as a surveyor he moved to the Victorian goldfields. He undertook official expeditions in Central Victoria, Mornington Peninsula and Western Port and in December 1856 he was leader of the Murray-Darling Expedition, but control of the Museum passed to Frederick McCoy with Blandowski relegated to the position of Museum Collector. Feted on his return from the Expedition, he fell out with some members of the Royal Society of Victoria over somewhat puerile descriptions of new species of fishes and he also refused to recognise McCoy’s jurisdiction over him. After acrimonious arguments about collections and ownership of drawings made whilst he was a government officer, Blandowski resigned and left for Germany, where he set up as a photographer in Gleiwitz in 1861, but some kind of mental instability saw him committed to the mental asylum at Bunzlau (now Boleslawiec, Poland) in September 1873, where he died on 18 December 1878. Assessments of Blandowki’s scientific and artistic career in Australia have been mixed. The biographical details presented provide the opportunity to judge assessments of Blandowski in Australia against his actions both before and after his arrival there.
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WANYONYI, STELLAH NEKESA, EVANS MUNGAI MWANGI, and NATHAN GICHUKI. "Effect of habitat disturbance on distribution and abundance of Papyrus endemic birds in Sio Port Swamp, Western Kenya." Bonorowo Wetlands 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/bonorowo/w080201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wanyonyi SN, Mwangi EM, Gichuki N. 2018. Effect of habitat disturbance on distribution and abundance of Papyrus endemic birds in Sio Port Swamp, Western Kenya. Bonorowo Wetlands 2: 49-60. Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) swamps are found patchily around the shores of Lake Victoria mainly along river inflows. The objective of this study was to investigate the distinct forms of habitat disturbance and their implications on the distribution and abundance of papyrus endemic birds. Data on bird counts, habitat quality, and types of disturbance were collected for six months, from October 2013 to March 2014. Total bird counts were established using Timed Species Count (TSC) and playback call technique at every fixed point. The researcher waited for 1 minute, calls of the study species were played to elicit a response of the secretive papyrus endemic birds. The number of each bird's species seen or heard within a radius of 25 meters was recorded for the next 9 minutes before transferring to the next point count. Habitat quality such as height, density, and level of maturity was determined in 1 m2 plots along transverse transects. Opportunistic observations were made to establish forms of disturbance present during vegetation and bird surveys. Papyrus endemic birds were highly distributed in sites with pure papyrus (55.58%) than in places with mixed plants (44.42%). The abundance of three endemic birds, White-winged Swamp-warbler, Papyrus Gonolek, and Northern Brown-throated Weaver, was significantly different in mixed and pure papyrus sites. However, the abundance of Greater Swamp-warbler was not significantly different in mixed and pure papyrus sites in Sio Port Swamp during the study period. Forms of habitat disturbance established were vegetation clearing and invasion by terrestrial and aquatic plants. As many as 76.47% of papyrus vegetation were young and regenerated (0-2 m high), 19.65% were immature papyruses (2-4 m) whereas 3.88% were tall mature papyruses (4-6 m high). The abundance of papyrus endemic birds was positively and significantly correlated with the density of vegetation in height ranging from 4-6 m. Thus, any change in papyrus density changed the abundance of papyrus endemic birds. Advance management of papyrus clearing is necessary for the long-term conservation of biodiversity.
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Andrianova, O. R., A. A. Batyrev, and L. M. Roschin. "THE COASTLAND CHANGES OF THE BLACK SEA WESTERN PART IN CONNECTION WITH THE CLIMATIC FACTORS." Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 26, no. 2(39) (March 25, 2022): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2021.2(39).246189.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Global climate change and regional variability are the main impact factors on the coastal environment features. The purpose of the research was to study and evaluate the dynamics of land on the coast of the western part of the Black Sea against the backdrop of climate change and in connection with the influence of various hydrometeorological factors and assess their contribution to the optimization of life and comfortable living of people. The analysis was done on the basic of the hydrometeorological information on the Odesa port station for the whole observation period up to 2017: more than one hundred years series of average monthly values of air temperature, precipitation, sea level; more than half a century series of water temperature and salinity and the average annual (> 100 years) and average monthly (> 50 years) data on the rates of the rivers flowing (Danube and Dnepr). The series of sea level by stations were considered for estimating the intensity of fluctuations of the coastal land along the western part of the Black Sea: 6 Ukrainian – Vylkove, Chornomorsk, Odesa, Yuzhne, Ochakiv and Sevastopil; 2 Romanian – Constanta and Sulina; and 2 Bulgarian – Burgas and Varna. The climate norms have increased in all parameters over the past 70 years, relative to whole observation period, exclude the water salinity, that of the decreases accordingly. The air temperature in Odesa increased by 0,9 °C, the water temperature – by 0,5 °C for the period considered. A common feature of all parameters in the interannual variability, is the presence of well-defined wave fluctuations of different scales which occurs against the background of alternating trends. The connection with the El Niño phenomenon is one of the reasons for the observed surges in changes in the water and air environments in the Black Sea region. The level fluctuations in the Black Sea are synchronous on low-frequency scales (their period is more than 5 years) because they are under the influence of global climate processes on our planet. The shortterm changes in the Black Sea level are determined by regional characteristics and are created by local factors. The dynamics of the land motions are the result of the action of sea level fluctuations and tectonic processes.
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Brouwer, J., and R. W. Fitzpatrick. "Interpretation of morphological features in a salt-affected duplex soil toposequence with an altered soil water regime in western Victoria." Soil Research 40, no. 6 (2002): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is the first of two describing how soil macromorphological and chemical data can be combined with a minimum of hydrological data to distinguish between, and to quantify, past and present hydrological processes. These processes are relevant to both waterlogging and dryland salinity. The purpose of this first paper is to establish a methodological framework. It also describes the initial interpretation of the macromorphological features of the toposequence studied at Gatum on the Dundas Tablelands in western Victoria. A modified version of the soil feature–system–domain grouping method was used. Macromorphological data combined with only limited piezometric data showed that: (1) The soil feature–system–domain grouping method makes it possible to distinguish between the effects of past and present hydrological processes on soil macromorphology at Gatum. (2) Waterlogging of the surface horizons at Gatum is often caused by perching of soil water within the B-horizon (as opposed to on top of the B-horizon). Changes in soil structure and in colour of cutans and mottles can be an indicator of this first restricting layer. (3) It is likely that interpedal cracks and old tree root holes act as preferred paths for water to flow through this first restricting layer. (4) A second fresh perched water table can occur on top of the pallid zone. Where the pallid zone reaches close to the surface the two perched water tables may merge and cause a local increase in waterlogging, as indicated by local soil morphology. When this occurs, hillside seeps can occur quite high up on the slopes, even when there is no apparent irregularity in surface topography. (5) The permanent saline water table occurs on top of the bedrock and causes salting problems where it comes too close to the soil surface. Salting problems at the bottom of a slope are more severe where fresh perched water tables increase waterlogging On the basis of these findings the suitability of various management options to reduce waterlogging and salinisation is discussed. Further findings regarding restricting layers, flow paths through the soils, and relations between duration of saturation and soil morphological features, are discussed in a companion paper (by J. Brouwer and R. W. Fitzpatrick, pp. 927-946 in this issue).
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Dann, Peter, F. I. Norman, J. M. Cullen, F. J. Neira, and A. Chiaradia. "Mortality and breeding failure of little penguins, Eudyptula minor, in Victoria, 1995 - 96, following a widespread mortality of pilchard, Sardinops sagax." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 4 (2000): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99114.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In May 1995, numbers of little penguins, Eudyptula minor, coming ashore declined at Phillip Island and St Kilda concurrently with deaths of many penguins in western Victoria and a massive mortality of one of their food species (pilchard) throughout southern Australia. Among 1926 dead penguins reported were 131 banded birdsrecovered from Phillip Island (86% adults and 14% first-year birds), 26 from Rabbit Island and six from St Kilda. The number of banded penguins found dead per number of adult Phillip Island birds at risk was 2.3% in 1995 compared with an annual mean of 0.7% for 1970–93. Of 29 corpses autopsied, at least 26 died of starvation associated with mild–severe gastro-intestinal parasitism. Following the pilchard mortality, egg-laying by penguins in the subsequent breeding season (1995–96) was ~2 weeks later than the long-term mean and 0.3 chicks were fledged per pair compared with the long-term mean of 1.0. Unlike previous years, few penguins were recorded in Port Phillip Bay in September–October 1995, a period when pilchard schools were infrequently seen. It is concluded that the increase in penguin mortality in northern Bass Strait and the significant reduction in breeding success were associated with the widespread pilchard mortality.
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Mehin, K., and A. G. Link. "KITCHENS, KETTLES AND CUPS OF HYDROCARBONS, VICTORIAN OTWAY BASIN." APPEA Journal 37, no. 1 (1997): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj96018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Evaluation of Early Cretaceous source rocks within the onshore Victoria Otway Basin has revealed that thick, mature shales containing predominantly gas-prone and in local concentrations, oil-prone macerals exist northwest of Portland, in the Tyrendarra Embayment, and around the Port Campbell region.Current results of Rock-Eval, bulk composition, gas chromatography, and biomarker analyses, coupled with geohistory and hydrocarbon generation interpretations, indicate that at least three phases of oil generation and expulsion occurred within the basin. The earliest phase, which coincided with the maximum heatflow in the crust around 100 Ma, resulted in the charging of the existing stratigraphic/shoestring traps of the basin. The second and third phases occurred in the eastern end of the basin at around 85 and 60 Ma. There is also evidence to suggest that structural traps of the eastern areas were formed later, during Oligocene time, and that these traps are probably still receiving late-stage charges of hydrocarbons.Although the sparse well density in the basin has resulted in limited, non-uniforin sampling opportunities, several regions with good Early Cretaceous source rocks can be recognised. Some of these good source rock areas are in close proximity to the several known hydrocarbon shows and producing fields. These current studies, which also include a source rock risk analysis indicating source rock adequacy, show that locations for future exploration could include the Casterton-Portland-Mt Gambier western region, the Peterborough-Port Campbell eastern region, and the prospective close peripheries and offshore extensions of these regions.