Дисертації з теми "Rural Tourism Policy"

Rural tourism is a popular development tool in both developed and developing countries. However, rural economic development can be problematic when considering the diversity of resources and stakeholder groups. In the Republic of Armenia the current system of tourism development is not benefiting rural communities in the regions. This study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of community dynamics in the rural region of Goris through the study of tourism integration. A novel assessment tool is implemented which provides a systematic qualitative evaluation of stakeholder perceptions through which strengths and weaknesses of the local tourism sector are derived. Data extracted from semi-structured interviews provide a clearer understanding of current conditions that will provide valuable insight for policy and development initiatives that seek to maximize local cooperation and benefit. It is clear from this analysis that local strengths include endogenous natural, human, and historical resources, embedded community valuation of tourism, and complementarity. Local weaknesses are related to accessibility, inadequate infrastructure, information disparity and environmental stewardship. Recommendations are made for follow up, planning and implementation.

La poussée touristique chinoise s'est faite, et se fait encore, sur un modèle "quantitatif" aujourd'hui. Pourtant, des choses changent, en particulier dans les espaces ruraux et montagneux, avec l'accent mis par l'État chinois sur la revitalisation rurale et le nombre croissant d'une nouvelle génération de touristes de la classe moyenne. Cette thèse propose de s'interroger si un nouveau "modèle touristique chinois" émerge, à partir du district de Songyang, un territoire rural et montagneux en retard de développement situé dans la province parmi les plus riches et les plus innovantes. Il s'agit d'un modèle de mise en tourisme "qualitatif", éloignant de l'ancienne logique standardisée autour du tourisme qualifié comme "quantitative" ou "de masse". Ce travail met l'accent tout d'abord sur le rôle fondamental de l'État central et sur la construction de goûts "stéréotypés" dans l'esthétique paysagère des touristes afin de souligner le contexte politique, culturel et esthétique positif dans le développement du tourisme rural. Les rôles des investisseurs extérieurs et des architectes, en tant que porteurs de valeurs et de regards urbains, dans la mise en tourisme et dans la construction de l'image territoriale, ont été abordés. Néanmoins, nous remettons en question des hébergements ruraux de qualité et des architectures comme révélateurs du territoire et comme leviers du développement. Notre travail analyse ensuite les pratiques touristiques des touristes chinois dans la campagne. Nous nous interrogeons aussi sur la "ruralité" et l'"authenticité" recherchées par les touristes. L'intérêt de ce travail est également de montrer la valeur exemplaire et expérimentale du modèle de Songyang à d'autres zones rurales confrontées à des difficultés de développement
Tourism development in China has been, and still is, based on a "quantitative" model. However, the situation is changing, especially in rural and mountainous areas, with the Chinese government's focus on rural revitalization and the increasing number of new generations of middle-class tourists. This thesis proposes to examine whether a new "Chinese tourism model" is emerging, using Songyang County as the subject of this study, a rural and mountainous region located in one of the wealthiest and most innovative provinces. This is a "qualitative" model of tourism development, moving away from the "quantitative" or "mass" logic of standardization that has been described around Chinese tourism in the past. This thesis begins by emphasizing the fundamental role of the Chinese national government and analyzes the construction of "stereotypical" tastes in tourists' landscape aesthetics to highlight the active political, cultural and aesthetic context in rural tourism development. The role of outsider urban investors and architects, as bearers of urban values and perspectives, in tourism and territorial image building has been discussed. However, we question the role of high quality rural accommodation and architecture as levers for the revelation and development of the territory. This thesis then analyzes the tourism practices of Chinese tourists in the countryside. We also question the "rusticity" and "authenticity" sought by tourists. This work is also relevant to show the exemplary and experimental value of the Songyang model to other rural areas facing development difficulties

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This study aimed at analyzing the new National Policy of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension in relation to rural tourism concerning the local development. More specifically, it tried to understand if tourism as a productive activity is being contemplated by the proposals of the Policy and if the practice of the extensionists from the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA) incorporates tourism in the family agriculture. The theoretical background to new ruralities and rural tourism was based on authors such as: Del Grossi and Silva; Veiga; Almeida; Campanhola and Silva; Cavaco; Ruschman; Silva, Vilarinho and Dale; and Novaes. The insight into local development was brought by authors such as Franco; Oliveira, and Tauk Santos. In addition, the perspective of Rural Extention was strengthened by authors such as: Callou; Caporal; Lima and Figueiredo; and Tauk Santos. Employing a methodology based on qualitative research, with the use of bibliographic and documental analysis, direct observation and interviews, this study found that significant transformations have been taking place in the countryside. In this context, rural tourism emerges with a possibility of contributing in the building of local development. The public sector can play an important role in this process through the service of Ater. With the field research that was conducted, we could observe that Pernambuco’s extensionists have not used the guidelines for rural tourism in family agriculture yet created by the Federal Government. Although IPA has been undergoing some changes that have improved the working conditions of the Ater agents, there are still difficulties that hamper the support for tourism, such as: insufficient number of professionals, extensionists graduated mainly in Agricultural Sciences, inefficiency of tourism business training, and a view that reduces the possibilities of tourism in the family agriculture to the commerce of handcrafts. These findings point out that the actions concerning the support, implementation and investment for tourism in family agriculture in Pernambuco are far from ideal.
Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a nova Política Nacional de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural em relação ao turismo rural, voltado ao desenvolvimento local. Especificamente, buscou-se avaliar se entre as propostas da Política está sendo contemplado o turismo como atividade produtiva e até que ponto as práticas de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Ater) dos extensionistas do Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) incorporam o turismo na agricultura familiar. O aporte teórico sobre novas ruralidades e turismo rural fundamentou-se em autores como: Del Grossi e Silva; Veiga; Almeida; Campanhola e Silva; Cavaco; Ruschmann; Silva, Vilarinho e Dale; e Novaes. O olhar sobre o desenvolvimento local foi trazido a partir de autores como: Franco; Oliveira; e Tauk Santos. Já a perspectiva da Extensão Rural foi fortalecida por autores como: Callou; Caporal; Lima e Figueiredo; e Tauk Santos. A partir de uma metodologia baseada em pesquisa qualitativa com uso de análise bibliográfica e documental, observação direta e entrevistas, o estudo constatou que significativas transformações vêm ocorrendo no campo e, nesse contexto, surge o turismo rural com a possibilidade de contribuir na construção do desenvolvimento local. O poder público pode desempenhar um importante papel nesse processo por meio do serviço de Ater. Através da pesquisa de campo realizada observou-se que os extensionistas de Pernambuco ainda não se apropriaram das diretrizes para o turismo rural na agricultura familiar concebidas pelo Governo Federal. Apesar do IPA estar passando por um processo de transformação que vem melhorando as condições de trabalho dos agentes de Ater, ainda existem dificuldades que atrapalham o apoio ao turismo, como: número insuficiente de profissionais, extensionistas formados quase exclusivamente nas Ciências Agrárias, ineficiência das capacitações voltadas ao turismo e interpretação que reduz as possibilidades do turismo na agricultura familiar ao comércio de artesanato. Esses resultados apontam que ainda são incipientes as ações voltadas ao apoio, implantação e fomento do turismo na agricultura familiar em Pernambuco.

Bicycling is a method of tourism transportation that is healthy, non-invasive, environmentally responsible, and economically sustainable. It allows freedom, mobility, and sightseeing potential that is not made possible by other modes of transit. Thousands of bicycle tourists travel from all over the globe annually to explore California on touring bikes via established cycling routes and robust determination. Thousands of additional domestic and international visitors take weekend trips, plan family vacations, travel for business, or tour California from abroad, many of whom are excellent candidates for local and regional bicycle touring at a more gentle intensity level. The increasing popularity and prominence of bicycle tourism, among both domestic and international travelers, carries great potential for economic benefit to local communities. Rural and agricultural communities can particularly benefit from bicycle tourism, as these communities do not normally experience the benefits of tourism as significantly as their urban, coastal or mountainous neighbors. Tourism that is developed in accordance with the size, scale, constraints and character of a particular community can have a beneficial effect on the economics and industry of the area. Infrastructure projects to this effect, such as development of a town or regional trail system, wayfinding features, or other resources come with benefits for visitors and locals in the form of recreation, public health, mobility, and access to food, drink, amenities, scenic areas, jobs and commerce. Trails may further improve the economy of the local housing market, as proximity to trails has a positive effect on housing values. Incorporation of agricultural destinations into local tourism planning creates a draw for visitors and can become a mutually beneficial relationship – contributing to the economic stability of the agriculture industry, preserving local farm lands, increasing tourism revenue and educating the public on the importance of local farming. Through careful planning of the touristic components of the destination, rural communities can achieve multifaceted economic benefits of diverse and versatile tourism amenities.

Orientadores: Maria Angela Fagnani, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira Bergamasco
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Resumo: o turismo no espaço rural, especialmente o agroturismo, intensifica-se no período da sociedade denominada pós-moderna. Pois, se durante o período da Revolução Industrial houve certo domínio das cidades sobre as atividades rurais, numa sociedade caracterizada como pós-industrial ou pós-moderna, parece haver uma revalorização do campo em função de seu espaço estar mais próximo da natureza, ou melhor, as transformações que aconteceram no seu território foram menores, pelo menos aparentemente, comparando-se àquelas que ocorreram nos espaços urbanos. As diversas modalidades do Turismo no espaço rural são encontradas pelos agricultores como complementação de renda em função das mudanças que ocorreram neste território. Diante da importância atribuída ao agroturismo, a primeira hipótese elaborada baseou-se em que o agroturismo contribui para aumentar a renda, gerar emprego, criar condições para fixar a população no campo, valorizar sua cultura e desenvolver práticas voltadas à apreciação da paisagem e à preservação ambiental. Desta maneira, o agroturismo aparece como uma alternativa para os agricultores familiares. A partir de observações iniciais, tanto em Cunha, como em Santo Antonio do Pinhal, elaborou-se outra hipótese na qual no espaço rural, se, de um lado o turismo é uma alternativa para os agricultores familiares, por outro lado está deslocando a população do campo por conta da valorização das terras, que essa atividade proporciona. Pela falta de alternativas para permanecer no campo, o agricultor vende sua.propriedade, muda-se para a cidade ou volta como empregado para trabalhar na sua antiga unidade de produção. E quem desenvolve o turismo são os neo-rurais, ex-citadinos que vêm fixando residência no campo. Objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar o desenvolvimento da atividade turística no espaço rural, em alguns municípios do estado de São Paulo, buscando entender de que maneira ele pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento local e qual é o papel das políticas públicas para sua concretização. Foram escolhidos os municípios de Cunha, Santo Antonio do Pinhal e Louveira com base no critério de possuir atividades turísticas no espaço rural e de ter presença significativa de agricultores familiares. Na verdade, a busca neste trabalho pela condição e valorização do turismo no espaço rural enquanto um fator de fixação do homem no campo através do aumento de renda e emprego, não se concretizou, com exceção do que se pôde analisar em Louveira. Ao invés disso, o que se detectou foi o fato de agricultores tradicionais darem lugar a atividades turísticas na forma de pousadas no espaço rural, desenvolvidas por uma população originária de outros centros urbanos que buscam atividades alternativas e o sossego do campo. Trata-se de wna nova categoria denominada de neo-rurais, a exemplo do que vem ocorrendo em países da Europa Ocidental
Abstract: The tourism in rural areas, specially the agro-tourism, intensifies in the society period called postmodem. Because, if during the Industrial Revolution there was kind of a domination from the cities on the rural activities, in a society characterized as postindustrial or postmodem, it seems to have a new appreciation on the countryside in function of its space be near to the nature, or in other way, the transformations that happened in its territory were smaller, at least apparently, comparing to the ones that happened on the urban spaces. The different modalities of the Tourism on the rural space are found by the agricultures as an income complementation in function from the changes that happened on this territory. In front ofthe importance attributed to the agro-tourism, the first hypotheses elaborated was based in that the agro-tourism contributes to improve the income, generates employment, create conditions to fix the rural population, values their culture and develop practices towards to the landscape appreciation and to the environment preservation. In this way, the agro-tourism appears as an altemative to the familiar farming. From this initial observations, as in Cunha, as in Santo Antonio do Pinhal, it was elaborated a hypotheses where the rural space, if, in one hand the tourism is an altemative to the familiar faming, in other hand is dislocating the countryside population because of the land valorization, that this activity provides. For the lack of altematives to stay in the countryside, the agriculturist sells his property, moves to the city or goes back working as an employee in his fotmer production unity. And who develops the tourism are the neo-rural, former city dwellers that come fixing residence in the countryside. It was aimed in the research analyzing the development from the touristy activities on the rural areas, in some cities from São Paulo State, seeking to understand in which way it can contribute to the local development and what is the role from the public policies the accomplishment. It was chosen the cities of Cunha, Santo Antonio do Pinhal and Louveira based on the criteria of possessing touristy activities in the rural space and the significant presence from the familiar farming. Actually, this research seek the tourism conditions and value on the rural space as a factor of man fixation on the countryside through the income and employment increasement, it didn't accomplish, with the exception on what was analyzed in Louveira. Instead of this, what was detected was the fact to the traditional framings giving space to the touristy activities in the way of small hostels on the rural space, developed by a population originated from other urban centers that searched for altematives activities and the peace from the countryside. It treats from a new category denominated by neo-rural, as example from what has happening on the Occidental Europe countries
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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This thesis aims to perform an analysis of the potential and challenges of rural tourism in the municipality of Apodi, RN, Brazil, considering the possible interfaces between family farming and tourism, in the context of the Regionalization Program of Tourism (PRT) and the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF). For this purpose, we collected primary and secondary data on these programs and on the socioeconomic context of the municipality. In addition to collecting and analyzing data, semi-structured interviews were performed with stakeholders directly and indirectly involved with tourism development and family farming. We found that, among these stakeholders, the PRT has not been adopted as a strategy for development of the tourism. Moreover, it is noted that actions are needed for planning of the tourism, for the implementation of infrastructure and for training of the local entrepreneurs. Matters of social organization of the rural population, consolidation of settlements and ways of agroecological production, were highlighted as elements that promote rural tourism and reflect on broader social issues in the municipality. Considering the PRONAF, the interlocutors stressed the importance of this program for the promotion of the development and improvement of the quality of life in Apodi. Besides the aspects related to infrastructure and equipments for agricultural production, it was also highlighted the importance of learning from training courses, which favored the strengthening of productive chains. Considering the integration of family agriculture and tourism, it is noteworthy that acquired experiences of agrarian reform settlements plays an significant role in the exchange of experiences between visitors and visited, having the knowledge and social mobilization as main vectors for the promotion of tourism. Thus, it is possible to broaden the participation of the local stakeholders and to promote tourism in a planned manner, favoring community-based initiatives and local identity.
Esta disserta??o tem o objetivo de realizar uma an?lise das potencialidades e dos desafios do turismo rural no munic?pio de Apodi (RN), considerando as poss?veis interfaces entre a agricultura familiar e o turismo, ? luz do Programa de Regionaliza??o do Turismo (PRT) e do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF). Para tanto, foi necess?rio o levantamento de dados prim?rios e secund?rios sobre os programas em quest?o e o contexto socioecon?mico do munic?pio estudado. Al?m da coleta e an?lise de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com interlocutores envolvidos, direta e indiretamente, com o desenvolvimento do turismo e da agricultura familiar. Constatou-se, dentre os entrevistados, que o PRT n?o ? adotado como estrat?gia para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Al?m disso, foi salientada a necessidade de a??es direcionadas ao planejamento da atividade tur?stica, a implanta??o de infraestrutura e a capacita??o dos empreendedores locais. Quest?es relacionadas ? organiza??o social da popula??o rural, ? consolida??o dos assentamentos e ao modo de produ??o agroecol?gica foram destacadas como elementos que podem favorecer o turismo rural, al?m de repercutir em quest?es sociais mais amplas no munic?pio. Quanto ao PRONAF, os interlocutores entrevistados salientaram a import?ncia do programa para a promo??o do desenvolvimento e melhoria da qualidade de vida em Apodi. Al?m dos aspectos relacionados ? infraestrutura e equipamentos necess?rios ? produ??o agr?cola, foi destacado tamb?m o aprendizado a partir de cursos de forma??o, que favoreceram o fortalecimento das cadeias produtivas. No que diz respeito ? integra??o entre a agricultura familiar e o turismo, cumpre destacar as experi?ncias dos assentamentos de reforma agr?ria, na perspectiva de troca de saberes entre visitantes e visitados, tendo o conhecimento e a mobiliza??o social como principais vetores para a promo??o do turismo. Nessa dire??o, ? poss?vel ampliar a participa??o dos atores locais e promover o turismo de forma planejada, favorecendo as iniciativas de base comunit?ria e a identidade local

This research project examines resources and services to prevent families and children from entering the child welfare system in a rural town in Southern California. There is constant struggle to get the adequate services, resources and trained staff in this rural area because it is isolated and it takes about two hours’ travel time to get to the metropolitan cities. The literature review discusses child welfare services challenges, strengths and social capital to support families and children as well as the child welfare system itself in rural areas. Constructivism is the appropriate framework for this research project, because the goal of this study will be based on an exchange of understanding and ideas; therefore, the nature of the study is subjective. The engagement stage was an important stage for the constructivist approach. The researcher analyzed transcripts from the interviews and group meetings using thematic analysis to examine participants’ concerns and their perceptions of the community’s resources. Further, the participants, guided by the researcher, worked together to develop a strategic action plan to address child abuse and neglect in this community. This project encouraged community leaders to discuss the community’s strengths and main concerns related to child abuse and neglect. Interestingly, these strengths and concerns often mirror one another. Participants’ perceptions and recommendation are about safety, connectedness, human services access and child welfare of the focused rural town.

У роботі розглядаються теоретико-методичні основи дослідження рекреаційної діяльності на сільських територіях, висвітлюється поняття сільської території та роль сільських територій у туристичній діяльності, досліджується поняття сільського туризму та нормативна база, що забезпечує туристичну діяльність на сільських територіях, наводиться порівняльна характеристика розвитку сільського туризму в країнах Східної Європи. Проаналізовано стан розвитку сільського туризму в Одеській області, соціально-економічний розвиток регіону, його туристичний потенціал та інфраструктура розміщення сільського туризму. Запропоновано стратегічні напрямки розвитку сільського туризму в Одеській області. Розроблено комплекс рекомендацій щодо розвитку сільського туризму в Болградському районі на прикладі Сільськогосподарського обслуговуючого кооперативу «Ресурскомпані Кубей».
Diploma thesis deals with the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of recreational activities in rural areas, highlights the concept of rural areas and the role of rural areas in tourism, examines the concept of rural tourism and regulations providing tourism in rural areas, comparative characteristics of rural tourism in Eastern Europe. The state of rural tourism development in the Odesa region, socio-economic development of the region, its tourist potential, and rural tourism infrastructure are analyzed. Strategic directions of rural tourism development in the Odessa region are offered. A set of recommendations for the development of rural tourism in the Bolgrad region has been developed on the example of the Agricultural Service Cooperative "Resource Company Kubei".

Before the creation of Mammoth Cave National Park, this area was home to numerous communities, each with a sense of identity. To prepare for the creation of the National Park, all residents living within these communities were relocated, and many of these communities were lost to the passage of time. Today, public memory of these lost communities is being fostered by the descendents of the pre-park area. Through the use of a Historical Geographic Information System, 1920 Edmonson County manuscript census data, and statistical analysis, the demographic composition of these lost communities was explored. This project not only brought to light a past that is not well known, but also built interest in sustaining public memory of the Mammoth Cave pre-park area through the use of historical GIS and public participation.

Mestrado APNOR
The present work intends to study Rural Tourism. More specifically: regional policy of Rural Tourism development. Purpose of this research is creation of innovative qualitative model of regional policy of Rural Tourism development for Ukraine. With this aim literature review was made, developed a research methodology and analysis made. It was established a way of creation of qualitative model, based on studied information and scientific papers. Research methodology was described in next part. Decided to do it in three stages: (1) justification of analytical research; (2) data sample collection and analysis; (3) creating of innovative model of regional policy of Rural Tourism development. Each of these stages have sub stages supported by results of previous. In accordance to methodology, analytical part was made in two steps: (1) analysis of statistical information about rural houses availability; (2) analysis of resources needed for successfully Rural Tourism activity. This part gave information about placement of rural houses by geographical regions and defined most attractive geographical regions for Rural Tourism development. The results showed that the highest rural houses availability is in Western geographical region. Other regions have low level of rural houses availability. However, analysis of resources needed for successful Rural Tourism development showed, that all geographical regions are attractive for organizing Rural Tourism activity. Based on this information an innovative qualitative model of Rural Tourism development was created.
O principal objetivo do presente trabalho de investigação assenta em abordar o Turismo Rural, mais especificamente, a política regional para o desenvolvimento do turismo rural. Pretende-se, assim, criar um modelo qualitativo inovador sobre a política regional para o desenvolvimento do turismo rural para a Ucrânia. Para tal, efetuou-se uma revisão da literatura, nomeadamente de artigos científicos, desenvolvendo uma metodologia de investigação e análise que permitisse criar um modelo qualitativo. A metodologia de investigação foi realizada em três etapas: (1) a justificação da investigação analítica; (2) a recolha e análise dos dados; (3) a criação de um modelo inovador de política regional para o desenvolvimento do turismo rural. Cada uma destas fases tem subfases apoiadas pelos resultados da fase anterior. De acordo com a metodologia, a parte analítica foi feita em duas etapas: (1) análise de informações estatísticas sobre a disponibilidade das casas rurais; (2) a análise dos recursos necessários para a atividade de turismo com sucesso rural. Esta parte permitiu recolher informações sobre o posicionamento de casas rurais por regiões geográficas e ajudou a observar as regiões geográficas mais atraentes para o desenvolvimento do turismo rural. Os resultados mostraram que a maior disponibilidade de casas rurais encontra-se na região geográfica Ocidental. Outras regiões têm uma baixa disponibilidade de casas rurais. Porém, a análise dos recursos necessários para o sucesso do desenvolvimento do turismo rural mostrou que todas as regiões geográficas são atraentes para a organização de atividade de Turismo Rural. Com base nestas informações foi criado um modelo qualitativo inovador de desenvolvimento do turismo rural.
Цю дипломну роботу покликано на вивчення сільського туризму, а саме регіональної політики його розвитку. Метою роботи є формування інноваційної якісної моделі регіональної політики розвитку сільського туризму для України. З цією метою було здійснено огляд літератури, сформовано методологію дослідження та здійснено аналіз. Зібрана зі статей інформація допомогла на наступних етапах аналізу, а саме, на основі вивчених даних було встановлено напрямок формування якісної моделі. Методологія оцінювання була описана в наступній частині. Прийнято рішення проводити оцінку в три етапи: (1) обґрунтування аналітичного дослідження; (2) збір та аналіз статистичних даних; (3) створення інноваційної якісної моделі регіональної політики розвитку сільського туризму. Кожен з етапів складається з під-етапів, які підкріплюються попередніми результатами. У відповідності до методології, аналітична частина проведена в два етапи: (1) аналіз статистичної інформації про наявність агросадиб; (2) аналіз необхідних для успішної діяльності в сфері сільського туризму ресурсів. Результати аналізу дали уявлення про розміщення агросадиб за географічними регіонами і визначила найбільш привабливі для здійснення діяльності в сфері сільського туризму географічних регіонів. Результати показали, що найвищу забезпеченість агросадибами має Західний географічний регіон. Інші регіони мають низький рівень забезпеченості. Однак, аналіз ресурсів, необхідних для успішного розвитку сільського туризму показав, усі географічні регіони є привабливими для здійснення діяльності в сфері сільського туризму. На основі цієї інформації було створено інноваційну якісну модель розвитку.

This study assesses the relationship between planning and creative destruction in the village of Creemore, Ontario. The study has four objectives. The first is to describe the evolution of tourism in Creemore by tracking change in three variables: investment, visitor numbers and resident attitudes. Second, is to describe past and present tourism planning in the village. Third, is to assess Creemore’s position in the model of creative destruction, based on information presented in objectives one and two. The final objective is to provide recommendations for Creemore’s future based on information gained from the other objectives. To investigate the first objective, entrepreneurial investment was provided by secondary sources, including the Creemore Business Improvement Association (BIA). Visitor numbers were obtained from content analyses of copies of the local newspaper and from information provided by the Creemore Springs Brewery. Resident attitudes were gleaned from a survey completed by 126 residents of Creemore. To meet the second objective, a content analysis was completed on historic issues of the local newspaper and six key informant interviews were conducted. Based on the information provided from the first two objectives, it is concluded that Creemore is in the second stage of Mitchell’s (1998) model of creative destruction, Advanced Commodification. This conclusion is drawn since visitor numbers and investment levels are still low and resident attitudes are generally positive towards tourism. It is also concluded that tourism planning plays a large role in creative destruction, as it can speed up, or slow down, the process, depending on the types of planning that are implemented. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that a tourism plan be developed to help mitigate possible future negative impacts of tourism, and to ensure the village does not evolve any further along the path of creative destruction.

The intent of this study is to determine if the process of creative destruction is underway in a rural community located in Newfoundland and Labrador and to identify why this development sequence has or has not occurred. Three objectives underlie this study. The first is to determine at what stage Ferryland is situated in the Model of Creative Destruction. The second is to explain the community’s current stage in the model. The third objective is to provide recommendations for this community on its future development potential. These objectives were fulfilled through data collection that included: participant observation, content analysis of newspapers, and a review of relevant documents, key informant interviews, and resident and visitor surveys. This mixed method study concluded that the community of Ferryland is in the stage of advanced commodification in Mitchell’s (2009) Model of Creative Destruction. Three reasons are identified for its current state. First, the community lacks a tourism champion. Secondly, human capital shortage in Ferryland has created a lack of workers. Lastly, the actions of local stakeholders are not driven solely by the motivations outlined by Mitchell (2009). They are also underlain by the desire for pleasure; a motivation that does not appear to have encouraged fast-paced development. Furthermore, Ferryland is a community on a much smaller scale, which may have lessened perceived impacts and scale of development. Based on these conclusions, it is recommended that the Ferryland Tourism Committee creates a long-term plan for tourism that incorporates opinions of local residents.

Since the early 1990s, rural decline has led many communities to begin social and economic restructuring. Several locales are seeking alternative approaches to the primary sector to support their declining industrial base (Markey et al, 2008). The tourism industry is an alternative to traditional rural livelihoods. Rural amenities and scenic landscapes have encouraged stakeholders to develop heritage tourism. The commodification of heritage has a profound impact on the place identity of rural landscapes. This is illustrated in the Model of Creative Destruction. In an earlier paper, Mitchell (1998) described the process of creative destruction through 5 stages being early commodification, advanced commodification, early destruction, advanced destruction and post destruction. In later papers, Mitchell and Vanderwerf (2010) describe the model as one that predicts that rural landscapes may evolve through three identities; rural town-scape, heritage-scape (or heritage village) and leisure-scape. Communities will remain as heritage-scapes if the desire to preserve is a dominant motivation. In contrast, if stakeholders are motivated more by a desire to profit or promote economic growth, then investments in non-conforming venues may result. This ultimately will shift the identity from one of heritage-scape to leisure-scape of mass consumption. Such investments may jeopardize a tourist’s heritage-seeking experience, and their perception of the community as a heritage village. Gaming recently has been introduced as a form of rural economic development in communities that commodify heritage (i.e. heritage-scapes). The introduction of slot machine parlours at racetracks (racinos) has helped combat the decline in the horse racing industry (Thalheimer and Ali, 2008). Furthermore, the positive economic impacts of these facilities are numerous. Negative implications, however, also accompany this type of tourism development. To date, little research has been conducted on the impacts that racino gaming developments have on communities, and, more specifically, on heritage-scapes. This thesis seeks to address this deficiency in a case study of Elora, Ontario and the Grand River Raceway. The purpose of this study was i) to determine the impact of the Grand River Raceway on Elora’s identity as a heritage village; ii) to identify the positive and negative socio-economic benefits that the facility has on the community and iii) to provide recommendations to communities who are considering similar development. To meet these objectives, data were collected through business and tourist surveys, unstructured interviews and a content analysis of secondary sources. Results suggest that the Grand River Raceway has not compromised Elora’s identity as a heritage-scape, in the eyes of business owners and tourists. Although the presence of the Grand River Raceway suggests that Elora is at the stage of early destruction or is on the way to becoming a leisure-scape, its presence has not detracted from visitor experience, as predicted by the model. This situation is attributed to marketing, location and uniformity with the existing landscape. Furthermore, the Grand River Raceway has had both positive and negative socio-economic impacts on Elora. Some of the benefits include employment, tax revenues, sponsorships and financial contributions to the municipality. At the same time, however, the Grand River Raceway has created a divided community, generated several legal issues and resulted in an uneven distribution of economic benefits. It is recommended that public consultation and resident involvement in decision making will help to minimize these negative impacts.

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the possibilities of tourism in the Jihlava, and with regard to rural tourism. The theoretical part has been developed from the literature on this issue and the website. In the theoretical part was characterized by the Jihlava region and in tourism and other visitor attractions. The practical part of the preparation of questionnaires and subsequent questionnaires. Questionnaire aimed at objects and guests of rural tourism. Evaluation questionnaires are used to confirm or refute those hypotheses. Poslech Fonetický přepis Slovník - Zobrazit podrobný slovník

The main aim of the thesis "Use of founded resources for infrastructure development of tourism in selected area" is to analyse market area, micro and macro environemnt of an accomodation capacity in Terčino údolí in Novohradské hory, to develop a business plan and find an appropriate financial aid.

Objective of diploma paper is anallysis of possibilities of diversification of activities in rural territory Tabor like source of income for agriculturalists and rustics. Desk study construes regional policy of EU in Czech Republic in years 2000-2013, structural funds, operational programs, programe of rural development and diversification of rural activities. Practical part describes region Tabor and his visions, anallysis of structure of production, agricultural tourism and project of educational agricultural centre.

The aim of the thesis was to introduce the principles of common agriculture policy and the farming processs of ecological farmer on the farm in the Klatovy region. Furthermore I wanted to point to the legal basis of this kind of business and to other options for possible activity diversification of a farmer due to the agriculture tourism. There are suggested three projects in the thesis that the farmer could ask for within the Rural development programme to extend his business. The first project for building own slaughter would support the partnership principle, the farmer will slaughter stock to other farmers in the neighbourhood. The second project deals with the present production enlargement and ensures the quality of stock life, the third project provides the diversificated activity in agriculture that should give support to enterprise revenues.