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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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1

Kafle, Ural, Timothy Anderson, and Sunil Prasad Lohani. "The Potential for Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems in Nepal." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020747.

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Nepal possesses a good solar resource, and there has been increasing interest in the use of photovoltaic systems. About 1.1 million solar home systems, rated at nearly 30 MWp, have been installed across Nepal. With the introduction of net metering by the Nepal Electricity Authority, an increase in rooftop photovoltaics (RPV) is expected. However, to inform any policy developments around increased electricity generation, and the uptake of RPV, there is a need to quantify the potential of such systems (a situation mirrored in many developing countries). To this end, this study utilized a hierarchical geospatial technique based on open-source data to estimate the potential output from RPV in several cities in Nepal (Kathmandu, Pokhara, Butwal, Nepalgunj, and Biratnagar). It was found that the potential theoretical output of RPV ranged from 637 GWh per annum, in Kathmandu, to 50 GWh per annum in Butwal. Moreover, the total RPV potential from urban households of Nepal was estimated to be in the order 6.5 TWh per annum. As such, the findings of this paper can be used to make informed policy decisions about the future of Nepal’s energy mix.

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2

Khamehchian, S., R. Madani, M. J. Rasaee, F. Golchinfar, and R. Kargar. "Development of 2 types of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies to the rinderpest virus using a monoclonal antibody for a specific region of the hemagglutinin protein." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 6 (June 2007): 720–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w07-035.

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A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) has been developed and standardized for the detection of antibodies to the rinderpest virus (RPV) in sera from cattle, sheep, and goats. The test is specific for rinderpest because it does not detect antibodies to peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV). The test depends on the ability of the monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the hemagglutinin (H) protein of RPV to compete with the binding of RPV antibodies in the positive serum to the H protein of this virus. This MAb recognized a region from amino acids 575 to 583 on the H protein of RPV that is unique to the RPV H protein and is not present on the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of PPRV. Another C-ELISA (peptide C-ELISA) was set up using this specific region as an antigen. A threshold value of 64.4% inhibition was established for the RPV C-ELISA, with 90 known RPV-negative and 30 RPV-positive serum samples. Using common serum samples, a cutoff value of 43.0% inhibition for the peptide C-ELISA was established. Based on statistical analysis, the overall sensitivity and specificity of the RPV C-ELISA, relative to those of a commercial kit, were found to be 90.00% and 103.33%, respectively. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the peptide C-ELISA were found to be 180.00% and 73.33%, respectively. Although a common MAb in 2 new C-ELISA systems was used, variation in their percent inhibition, due to the use of different antigens, was observed. Taking into consideration the difference in percent inhibition of the 2 described assays and the commercial kit (50%), it was found that the RPV C-ELISA and the peptide C-ELISA are more specific and sensitive tools than the commercial kit for assessing herd immune status and for epidemiologic surveillance.

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3

Movassaghi, Cameron S., Katie A. Perrotta, Hongyan Yang, Rahul Iyer, Xinyi Cheng, Merel Dagher, Miguel Alcañiz Fillol, and Anne M. Andrews. "Simultaneous serotonin and dopamine monitoring across timescales by rapid pulse voltammetry with partial least squares regression." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 413, no. 27 (October 23, 2021): 6747–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03665-1.

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AbstractMany voltammetry methods have been developed to monitor brain extracellular dopamine levels. Fewer approaches have been successful in detecting serotonin in vivo. No voltammetric techniques are currently available to monitor both neurotransmitters simultaneously across timescales, even though they play integrated roles in modulating behavior. We provide proof-of-concept for rapid pulse voltammetry coupled with partial least squares regression (RPV-PLSR), an approach adapted from multi-electrode systems (i.e., electronic tongues) used to identify multiple components in complex environments. We exploited small differences in analyte redox profiles to select pulse steps for RPV waveforms. Using an intentionally designed pulse strategy combined with custom instrumentation and analysis software, we monitored basal and stimulated levels of dopamine and serotonin. In addition to faradaic currents, capacitive currents were important factors in analyte identification arguing against background subtraction. Compared to fast-scan cyclic voltammetry-principal components regression (FSCV-PCR), RPV-PLSR better differentiated and quantified basal and stimulated dopamine and serotonin associated with striatal recording electrode position, optical stimulation frequency, and serotonin reuptake inhibition. The RPV-PLSR approach can be generalized to other electrochemically active neurotransmitters and provides a feedback pipeline for future optimization of multi-analyte, fit-for-purpose waveforms and machine learning approaches to data analysis. Graphical abstract

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4

Czarnogorski, Maggie, Cindy Garris, Paul Wannamaker, Ronald D’Amico, Carolyn Selenski, Will Williams, Colleen A. McHorney, et al. "1037. Qualitative Findings from a Hybrid III Implementation-Effectiveness Study to Explore Perspectives of Health-care Staff on Early Implementation of Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Long Acting (CAB+RPV LA) Injectable HIV treatment in the US (CUSTOMIZE)." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1223.

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Abstract Background CAB+RPV LA administered monthly for HIV treatment is non-inferior to daily oral ART at maintaining HIV suppression but concerns about implementation of this novel treatment paradigm remain. CUSTOMIZE, an implementation-effectiveness study, examined barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of CAB+RPV LA in US HIV clinics. Methods Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with physicians, injectors, and administrators across diverse clinics in US without previous CAB+RPV LA experience at Baseline (BL) (N=26) and after patients received the 4th monthly injection of CAB + RPV LA (interim) (N=24). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided the interviews to evaluate barriers and facilitators to implementation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded using ATLAS.ti then analyzed for trends. Results At BL, 58% of study staff expected CAB+RPV LA would meet the needs of patients. Staff reported perceived advantages for patients: reduced stigma of pill bottles (38%), ability to live/travel in a “carefree” manner (31%) and removing the daily reminder of HIV (20%). At BL, most administrators had resource concerns: additional refrigeration, transportation, and staffing. Some clinics (38%) needed to purchase a refrigerator to store CAB+RPV LA. Some physicians noted a potential need for improved parking or expanded hours. At interim, most staff (71%) reported no change in official clinic hours; but 50% of injectors and 38% of administrators reported changing work hours to accommodate injection visits before clinic or at lunchtime. Existing appointment reminder systems and transportation support were reported as facilitators to implementation. Many staff (46%) noted additional visits increased coordination of other care needs. Most staff (67%) noted high patient acceptance and positive attitudes facilitated successful implementation of CAB + RPV LA. Conclusion Some staff had concerns about implementation initially, but at study interim minimal practice changes were needed to operationalize CAB+RPV LA effectively. Patient interest heightened staff desire to implement CAB+RPV LA in their clinics. Staff are optimistic that monthly CAB+RPV LA is manageable with minimal disruption to routine care in US HIV care settings. Disclosures Maggie Czarnogorski, MD, MPH, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Cindy Garris, MSPH, GlaxoSmithKline (Other Financial or Material Support, Stockholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Paul Wannamaker, BA, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Ronald D’Amico, DO, MSc, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Carolyn Selenski, PhD, GSK (Employee, Shareholder) Colleen A. McHorney, PhD, Evidera (Employee) Larissa Stassek, MPH, Evidera (Employee) Gary I. Sinclair, MD, ViiV (Speaker’s Bureau) Leandro A. Mena, MD, MPH, Binx Health (Grant/Research Support)Evofem (Grant/Research Support)Gilead Science (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Speaker’s Bureau)GSK (Grant/Research Support)Janssen (Grant/Research Support)Merck (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Roche Molecular (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)SpeedDx (Grant/Research Support)ViiV Healthcare (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Speaker’s Bureau) David Margolis, MD, MPH, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee)

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5

Bryk, Rafał, Holger Schmidt, Thomas Mull, Thomas Wagner, Ingo Ganzmann, and Oliver Herbst. "Modeling of Kerena Emergency Condenser." Archives of Thermodynamics 38, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoter-2017-0023.

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Abstract KERENA is an innovative boiling water reactor concept equipped with several passive safety systems. For the experimental verification of performance of the systems and for codes validation, the Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA) was built in Karlstein, Germany. The emergency condenser (EC) system transfers heat from the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) to the core flooding pool in case of water level decrease in the RPV. EC is composed of a large number of slightly inclined tubes. During accident conditions, steam enters into the tubes and condenses due to the contact of the tubes with cold water at the secondary side. The condensed water flows then back to the RPV due to gravity. In this paper two approaches for modeling of condensation in slightly inclined tubes are compared and verified against experiments. The first approach is based on the flow regime map. Depending on the regime, heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to specific semi-empirical correlation. The second approach uses a general, fully-empirical correlation. The models are developed with utilization of the object-oriented Modelica language and the open-source OpenModelica environment. The results are compared with data obtained during a large scale integral test, simulating loss of coolant accident performed at Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA). The comparison shows a good agreement.Due to the modularity of models, both of them may be used in the future in systems incorporating condensation in horizontal or slightly inclined tubes. Depending on his preferences, the modeller may choose one-equation based approach or more sophisticated model composed of several exchangeable semi-empirical correlations.

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6

HARYANTO, DEDY, GIARNO GIARNO, JOKO PRASETIO WITOKO, GREGORIUS BAMBANG HERU KUSNUGROHO, RAHAYU KUSUMASTUTI, and MULYA JUARSA. "Karakterisasi Prototipe Heater Element System pada Untai Uji RCCS-RDNK menggunakan Kamera Infra Merah." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 2 (May 19, 2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i2.313.

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ABSTRAKReactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS) adalah salah satu sistem keselamatan pada Reaktor Daya Non Komersial (RDNK). Untuk mensimulasikan keadaaan tersebut, dibuat prototype Heater Element System (HES) yang merupakan sistem pemanas listrik dan berfungsi untuk memberikan kalor pada simulator dinding RPV (wall) seperti pada acuan RPV tipe HTGR. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh karakteristik temperatur selama pemanasan prototype HES hingga mencapai temperature 400°C berdasarkan posisi vertikal dan horizontal HES. Metode pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan kamera infra merah NEC tipe TH9100ML sebagai alat ukur temperatur dan alat visualisasi ditribusi temperatur. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan, bahwa kehilangan kalor pada prototipe HES pada posisi vertikal lebih kecil dibandingankan pada posisi horizontal hal ini disebabkan karena luas permukaan pada posisi horizontal sebesar 7,260 cm2 lebih memungkinkan untuk kehilangan kalor lebih besar. Posisi vertikal temperatur yang dicapai pada wall prototipe HES lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada posisi horizontal.Kata Kunci: RCCS, Heater Element System, kamera infra merah, temperatur ABSTRACTReactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS) is one of the safety systems in Non-Commercial Power Reactors (RDNK). To simulate this situation, a prototype Heater Element System (HES) was made using electric heating system as a heat sources and it serves to provide radiation heat to the RPV wall simulator as the reference of the RPV of HTGR type. The purpose of this study was to obtain the temperature characteristics during the heating of the HES prototype to reach temperatures of 400°C base on HES position, horizontal and vertical positions. The observation method was carried out using a TH9100ML infrared camera NEC type as a temperature measurement and a temperature distribution base on visualization. The observations show that the heat loss in the HES prototype in the vertical position is smaller than in the horizontal position because this is because the surface area in the horizontal position 7.260 cm2 is more likely to lose more heat. The vertical position the temperature achieved on the HES prototype wall is higher than in the horizontal position.Keywords: RCCS, Heater Element System, infrared camera, temperature

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7

Gardner, P., and C. R. Day. "Options for Control and Navigation of Unmanned Aircraft." Journal of Navigation 45, no. 3 (September 1992): 352–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300010936.

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Whilst unmanned aircraft (UMA) can be said to encompass missiles, targets for weapon training, preprogrammed reconnaissance drones and civilian systems such as radio-controlled models used to carry cameras, for the purpose of this paper we will restrict ourselves to aircraft which are capable of sustaining autonomous flight and accepting navigation commands whilst airborne. The terms applied to unmanned aircraft are variously UMA, remotely piloted vehicle (RPV), Drone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV).

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8

Kusumastuti, Rahayu, Sriyono Sriyono, Mulya Juarsa, Hendro Tjahjono, I. D. Irianto, Topan Setiadipura, D. H. Salimy, and A. Hafid. "REACTOR CAVITY COOLING SYSTEM WITH PASSIVE SAFETY FEATURES ON RDE: THERMAL ANALYSIS DURING ACCIDENT." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA 21, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/tdm.2019.21.2.5499.

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Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) is an experimental power reactor based on HTGR technology that implements inherent safety system. Its safety systems are in compliance with “defense in depth” philosophy. RDE is also equipped with reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS) used to remove the heat transferred from the reactor vessel to the containment structure. The RCCS is designed to fulfil this role by maintain the reactor vessel under the maximum allowable temperature during normal operation and protecting the containment structure in the event of failure of all passive cooling systems. The performance and reliability of the RCCS, therefore, are considered as critical factors in determining maximum design power level related to heat removal. RCCS for RDE will use a novel shape to efficiently remove the heat released from the RPV through thermal radiation and natural convection. This paper discusses the calculation of RCCS thermal analysis during accident. The RPV temperature must be maintained below 65ºC. The accident is assumed that there is no electricity from diesel generator supplied to the blower. The methodology used is based on the calculation of mathematical model of the RCCS in the passive mode. The heat is released through cavity by natural convection, in which the RCCS is capable to withdraw the heat at the rate of 50.54 kW per hour.Keywords: Passive safety, RCCS, RDE, Thermal analysis

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9

Kleczewski, Nathan, Venkataramana Chapara, and Carl A. Bradley. "Occurrence of Viruses and Clavibacter michiganensis in Winter Wheat in Illinois, 2009 to 2011 and 2019 to 2020." Plant Health Progress 21, no. 4 (January 1, 2020): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-07-20-0060-s.

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Field surveys in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2019, and 2020 determined the incidence and diversity of viruses present in fields of soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Illinois. In addition, the putative presence of the bacterial mosaic pathogen, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius (Cmt), was evaluated. A total of 341 fields were sampled across years, and plants were tested for barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV; BYDV-MAV), barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV), cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV-RPV), High Plains virus (HPV), Potyvirus group (POTY), soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV), wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), and Cmt using ELISA. Average field incidence across years varied by virus with BYDV-PAV (22%), WSSMV (16%), CYDV-RPV (7%), WSMV (3%), and HPV (0.5%) detected in samples. The bacterial mosaic pathogen (Cmt), or potentially a related species of Clavibacter, was detected the most frequently in each year, with an average incidence of 77%. The consistent detection of Cmt warrants further study to determine the nature of the organisms associated with positive Cmt tests and their role in Illinois wheat production systems.

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10

Robakowska, Marlena, Daniel Ślęzak, Przemysław Żuratyński, Anna Tyrańska-Fobke, Piotr Robakowski, Paweł Prędkiewicz, and Katarzyna Zorena. "Possibilities of Using UAVs in Pre-Hospital Security for Medical Emergencies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 10754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710754.

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The term unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was post-applied in the 1980s to describe remotely piloted multi-purpose, unmanned, autonomous aircraft. The terms unmanned aircraft systems with data terminal connectivity (UAS) and remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPV, RPAS—military systems) are also used. This review aims to analyze the feasibility of using UAVs to support emergency medical systems in the supply and urgent care ranges. The implementation of drones in the medical security system requires proper planning of service cooperation, division of the area into sectors, assessment of potential risks and opportunities, and legal framework for the application. A systematic literature search was conducted to assess the applicability based on published scientific papers on possible medical drone applications in the field of urgent mode. The widespread applications of UAVs in healthcare are concerned with logistics, scope, and transportability, with framework legal constraints to effectively exploit opportunities for improving population health, particularly for costly critical situations.

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11

Derardja, Bilal, Nicola Lamaddalena, and Umberto Fratino. "Perturbation Indicators for On-Demand Pressurized Irrigation Systems." Water 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030558.

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The perturbation in hydraulic networks for irrigation systems is often created when sudden changes in flow rates occur in the pipes. This is essentially due to the manipulation of hydrants and depends mainly on the gate closure time. Such a perturbation may lead to a significant pressure variation that may cause a pipe breakage. In a recent study, computer code simulating unsteady flow in pressurized irrigation systems—generated by the farmers’ behavior—was developed and the obtained results led to the introduction of an indicator called the relative pressure variation (RPV) to evaluate the pressure variation occurring into the system, with respect to the steady-state pressure. In the present study, two indicators have been set up: The hydrant risk indicator (HRI), defined as the ratio between the participation of the hydrant in the riskiest configurations and its total number of participations; and the relative pressure exceedance (RPE), which provides the variation of the unsteady state pressure with respect to the nominal pressure. The two indicators could help managers better understand the network behavior with respect to the perturbation by defining the riskiest hydrants and the potentially affected pipes. The present study was applied to an on-demand pressurized irrigation system in Southern Italy.

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12

Li, Yang, Ningyun Lu, Bin Jiang, Yajie Ma, and Xiuli Wang. "An Islanding Fault Detection Method with CFDF-SVM Based RPV Approach under Pseudo Islanding Phenomenon." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 24 (2018): 1349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.09.559.

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13

Chiabrando, F., F. Nex, D. Piatti, and F. Rinaudo. "UAV and RPV systems for photogrammetric surveys in archaelogical areas: two tests in the Piedmont region (Italy)." Journal of Archaeological Science 38, no. 3 (March 2011): 697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.10.022.

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14

Becquart, C. S., and C. Domain. "Solute–point defect interactions in bcc systems: Focus on first principles modelling in W and RPV steels." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 16, no. 3 (June 2012): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2012.01.001.

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15

Pozhylov, I., and Halyna Snihur. "INCIDENCE AND SPREAD OF CEREALS VIRUSES IN 2020–2021 IN UKRAINE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 90, no. 3 (2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728.2748.2022.90.14-19.

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Cereals play a significant role in the Ukrainian economy and agriculture. Viral diseases can cause a serious reduction in yields. Aim. The aim of the work was to identify and determine the spread of grain viruses in the main cereal-growing regions of Ukraine in the period 2020–2021 using different methods of virus detection. Methods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to identify viruses using commercial test systems by for wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV), wheat dwarf virus (WDV), High Plainswheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV), barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV), barley yellow dwarf virus-MAV (BYDV-MAV), andcereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV). Transmission electron microscopy was used for direct virus detection. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify viruses by molecular methods. Results. Summarizing the results obtained by different methods, we can say about the circulation of WSMV, HPWMoV, BSMV, BYDV-PAV, and BYDV-MAV in the Ukrainian agrocoenoses in 2020–2021. Significant prevalence and the dominant role of WSMV have been shown, with the degree of damage to symptomatic plants reaching 52 %. The spread of HPWMoV in Kyiv and Poltava regions has been established, although previously the virus was detected only in the eastern part of our country. WSMV was more likely to induce monoinfection (70 %). Conclusions. During the testing of symptomatic plants in the agrocenoses of Ukraine in 2020–2021 the most common were WSMV and HPWMoV (52 % and 19 %, respectively), also found BYDV-PAV in winter wheat and BYDV-MAV in oats.

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Lopez, Hector, Alessandro Petruzzi, Walter Giannotti, and Domenico De Luca. "MELCOR-To-MELCOR Coupling Method in Severe Accident Analysis Involving Core and Spent Fuel Pool." Journal of Energy - Energija 71, no. 2 (April 6, 2023): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2022712421.

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A lot of effort has been spent to prevent the occurrence of SA in nuclear plant and to develop Severe Accidents (SA) Management to mitigate the consequences of a SA. Those consequences are mainly related to limit the release of fission product to the environment. The core in the vessel is not the only source of fission products as the Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) hosting the fuel removed by the core is, in some NPP, inside the containment and SA conditions can also occur. This is especially important in reactors having proximity between the RPV and SFP such as the VVER-1200. This close proximity implies that any SA occurring in the SFP potentially affects the RPV and vice-versa. This potential combination might cause unexpected evolution in the SA progression to whom the safety systems are not able to contain. MELCOR code is a widely used, flexible powerful SA code but it is incapable (due to the uniqueness of the COR package use inside the same input) to reproduce a situation in which both the fuel in vessel core and the fuel in the SFP, inside the same containment, are going to experience a severe accident scenario. The current study presents a MELCOR-to-MELCOR coupling method to simulate simultaneously scenarios with both, core and SFP, as sources capable of H2 generation, fuel damage and FP release in a VVER-1200 NPP. The coupling is performed by running two simulations in parallel and with the data exchange supervised and managed by a dedicated Python coupling supervising script developed at NINE.

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17

Gao, Hui, Xuelin Tang, Xiaoqin Li, and Xiaoyan Shi. "Analyses of 2D transient models for vaporous cavitating flows in reservoir-pipeline-valve systems." Journal of Hydroinformatics 20, no. 4 (January 29, 2018): 934–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2018.141.

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Abstract The two-dimensional (2D) axial-symmetric model is applied to investigate the transient cavitating flows in the reservoir-pipeline-valve (RPV) system. Firstly, the MacCormack scheme is used to solve the governing equations, and compared to the numerical results of the one-dimensional (1D) model, the 2D head peaks and time-dependent evolutions predicted by five-region turbulence model in the frozen form are in better agreement with the experimental results, and the comparisons show that the maximum head relative errors of the 2D model are generally smaller than those of the 1D model. Then, further numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the performances of different turbulence models incorporated in the 2D model. The comparisons between the numerical results and the experimental ones show the head curves of the two-region turbulence model are similar to those of the five-region turbulence model, which indicates that the transient cavitating flows are insensitive to the magnitude and distribution of the eddy viscosity in the core region. In addition, the sensitivity to the quasi-steady form and the frozen form of the five-region turbulence model is implemented in the 2D model; the numerical results predicted by the two forms both agree better with the experimental results, as the non-dimensional parameter P increases.

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18

Le, Dai Dien, Thi Hoa Bui, and Thi Huong Vo. "Application of MELCOR to Westinghouse 4-loop PWR severe accident and evaluation of RPV lower head performance." Nuclear Science and Technology 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v4i3.232.

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In this study, MELCOR computer code is used to simulate the progression of a severe accident initiated from station blackout (SBO) accident for a Westinghouse 4-loop PWR. The hydraulic system is modeled using control volumes and flow paths. The reactor pressure vessel and internals, the primary loops with a pressurizer, steam generators, containment and accumulators are simulated for steady state in a good agreement with reference data. The two scenarios concerning SBO are investigated. The first scenario simulates RCP seal leakage during SBO and the other is SBLOCA to highlight an effectiveness of accumulators as well as to compare with the first simulation. All active safety systems which depend on AC power are assumed to be unavailable in this analysis. The main result of the study is an evaluation of RPV lower head integrity during severe accidents. This is preliminary work and expected to give the experience for further studies in the severe accident in nuclear power plants.

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19

Le, Dai Dien, Thi Hoa Bui, and Thi Huong Vo. "Application of MELCOR to Westinghouse 4-loop PWR severe accident and evaluation of RPV lower head performance." Nuclear Science and Technology 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v4i3.230.

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In this study, MELCOR computer code is used to simulate the progression of a severe accident initiated from station blackout (SBO) accident for a Westinghouse 4-loop PWR. The hydraulic system is modeled using control volumes and flow paths. The reactor pressure vessel and internals, the primary loops with a pressurizer, steam generators, containment and accumulators are simulated for steady state in a good agreement with reference data. The two scenarios concerning SBO are investigated. The first scenario simulates RCP seal leakage during SBO and the other is SBLOCA to highlight an effectiveness of accumulators as well as to compare with the first simulation. All active safety systems which depend on AC power are assumed to be unavailable in this analysis. The main result of the study is an evaluation of RPV lower head integrity during severe accidents. This is preliminary work and expected to give the experience for further studies in the severe accident in nuclear power plants.

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20

Bonelli, Analia, Oscar Mazzantini, Martin Sonnenkalb, Marcelo Caputo, Juan Matias García, Pablo Zanocco, and Marcelo Gimenez. "Station Black-Out Analysis with MELCOR 1.8.6 Code for Atucha 2 Nuclear Power Plant." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2012 (2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/620298.

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A description of the results for a Station Black-Out analysis for Atucha 2 Nuclear Power Plant is presented here. Calculations were performed with MELCOR 1.8.6 YV3165 Code. Atucha 2 is a pressurized heavy water reactor, cooled and moderated with heavy water, by two separate systems, presently under final construction in Argentina. The initiating event is loss of power, accompanied by the failure of four out of four diesel generators. All remaining plant safety systems are supposed to be available. It is assumed that during the Station Black-Out sequence the first pressurizer safety valve fails stuck open after 3 cycles of water release, respectively, 17 cycles in total. During the transient, the water in the fuel channels evaporates first while the moderator tank is still partially full. The moderator tank inventory acts as a temporary heat sink for the decay heat, which is evacuated through conduction and radiation heat transfer, delaying core degradation. This feature, together with the large volume of the steel filler pieces in the lower plenum and a high primary system volume to thermal power ratio, derives in a very slow transient in which RPV failure time is four to five times larger than that of other German PWRs.

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21

Bryk, Rafał, Lars Dennhardt, and Simon Schollenberger. "Experimental investigation of PWR accident scenarios at the PKL test facility." E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701016.

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PKL is the only test facility in Europe that replicates the entire primary side and the most important parts of the secondary side of western-type Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) in the scale of 1:1 in heights. It is also worldwide the only test facility with 4 identical reactor coolant loops arranged symmetrically around the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) for simulation of nonsymmetrical boundary conditions between the reactor loops. Thermal-hydraulic phenomena observed in PWRs are simulated in the PKL test facility for over 40 years. The analyses carried out in these years encompass a large spectrum of accident scenario simulations and corresponding cool-down procedures. The overall goal of the PKL experiments is to show that under accident conditions - even for extreme and highly unlikely assumptions as additional loss of safety systems - the core cooling can be maintained or re-established by automatic or operator- performed procedures and that a severe accident e.g. a core melt-down can be avoided under all circumstances. Another goal of the tests performed in the PKL facility is the provision of data for validation of thermal-hydraulic system codes. This paper presents recent modifications of the PKL facility, applied in order to adapt the facility to the latest western-type designs currently built in the world. The paper discusses also important results obtained in the last years.

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22

Zeliang, Chireuding, Yi Mi, Akira Tokuhiro, Lixuan Lu, and Aleksey Rezvoi. "Integral PWR-Type Small Modular Reactor Developmental Status, Design Characteristics and Passive Features: A Review." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 2898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112898.

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In recent years, the trend in small modular reactor (SMR) technology development has been towards the water-cooled integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR) type. The innovative and unique characteristics of iPWR-type SMRs provide an enhanced safety margin, and thus offer the potential to expand the use of safe, clean, and reliable nuclear energy to a broad range of energy applications. Currently in the world, there are about eleven (11) iPWR-type SMRs concepts and designs that are in various phases of development: under construction, licensed or in the licensing review process, the development phase, and conceptual design phase. Lack of national and/or internatonal comparative framework for safety in SMR design, as well as the proprietary nature of designs introduces non-uniformity and uncertainties in regulatory review. That said, the major primary reactor coolant system components, such as the steam generator (SG), pressurizer (PRZ), and control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) are integrated within the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) to inherently eliminate or minimize potential accident initiators, such as LB-loss of coolant accidents (LOCAs). This paper presents the design status, innovative features and characteristics of iPWR-type SMRs. We delineate the common technology trends, and highlight the key features of each design. These reactor concepts exploit natural physical laws such as gravity to achieve the safety functions with high level of margin and reliability. In fact, many SMR designs employ passive safety systems (PSS) to meet the evolving stringent regulatory requirements, and the extended consideration for severe accidents. A generic classification of PSS is provided. We constrain our discussion to the decay heat removal system, safety injection system, reactor depressurization system, and containment system. A review and comparative assessment of these passive features in each iPWR-type SMR design is considered, and we underline how it maybe more advantageous to employ passive systems in SMRs in contrast to conventional reactor designs.

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23

Flaxel, C. J., M. Jay, D. L. Thiselton, M. Nayudu, A. J. Hardcastle, A. Wright, and A. C. Bird. "Difference between RP2 and RP3 phenotypes in X linked retinitis pigmentosa." British Journal of Ophthalmology 83, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.83.10.1144.

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24

Rao, Yenni Venkateswara, and M. Srinivasa Rao. "Underwater Vehicle RPM Measurement System Using Programmable System on Chip (PSoC)." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 5 (June 1, 2012): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/may2013/62.

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25

Claudino, Dikson. "Adhesive systems in orthodontics." Revistas 74, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18363/rbo.v74n1.p.72.

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26

Protasowicki, Tomasz. "An integrated transformation of the national security system of The Republic Of Poland." Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług 123 (2016): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/epu.2016.123-27.

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27

Bai, Yushi, Agata Chotera, Olga Taran, Chen Liang, Gonen Ashkenasy, and David G. Lynn. "Correction: Achieving biopolymer synergy in systems chemistry." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 14 (2018): 5530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cs90073f.

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28

Cohan, Steve. "Trends in ROV Development." Marine Technology Society Journal 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533208786861335.

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This paper describes three new directions in the development of ROV control systems: exploiting the capabilities of digital video, using model-based control techniques for ROV operations, and providing ROV systems with sophisticated remote diagnostics. Goals of these trends are to increase the value of ROV operations end products (such as video), to increase efficiency of operations by adding automation, and to increase productive time by bringing outside resources to the ROV for maintenance and troubleshooting.Advances in digital video can enhance the value of video imagery by facilitating the combination of video with other data, improving utility, and increasing the range of analyses and products that can be created from video. Current digital video technology enables systems to treat video in a manner close to the transmission and processing of other sensor data, reducing the number of components and interfaces between the camera and the video imagery's end use. Model-based control has the potential to relieve pilots from managing all tasks concerning low-level motion, coordination, and control, enabling pilots to concentrate on higher-level task planning and execution. Applying software techniques designed specifically for managing data flow in distributed control systems can give remote experts access to all the tools and information necessary to assist with worksite maintenance and troubleshooting.

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29

Pinchuk, Steve. "Nano entity economics systems." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 10, no. 1 (December 3, 2010): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/rpm.2010.38.

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30

Sivčev, Satja, Matija Rossi, Joseph Coleman, Edin Omerdić, Gerard Dooly, and Daniel Toal. "Collision Detection for Underwater ROV Manipulator Systems." Sensors 18, no. 4 (April 6, 2018): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18041117.

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31

Randi and Ford Lumban Gaol. "Flowchart Extraction from RPG Based Legacy Systems." Advanced Science Letters 22, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 3105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2016.8002.

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32

Yamaga, M., A. Abashian, K. Abe, K. Abe, P. K. Behera, S. Chidzik, K. Gotow, et al. "RPC systems for BELLE detector at KEKB." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 456, no. 1-2 (December 2000): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00973-6.

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33

Dukelsky, J., and P. Schuck. "Self consistent RPA for superfluid Fermi systems." Physics Letters B 387, no. 2 (October 1996): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)01045-3.

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34

Royall, Elizabeth, Kathryn E. Woolaway, Jens Schacherl, Stefan Kubick, Graham J. Belsham, and Lisa O. Roberts. "The Rhopalosiphum padi virus 5′ internal ribosome entry site is functional in Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells and in their cell-free lysates: implications for the baculovirus expression system." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 6 (June 1, 2004): 1565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.79992-0.

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Cap-independent internal initiation of translation occurs on a number of viral and cellular mRNAs and is directed by internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements. Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) is a member of the Dicistroviridae. These viruses have single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes that contain two open reading frames, both preceded by IRES elements. Previously, the activity of the RhPV 5′ UTR IRES has been demonstrated in mammalian, Drosophila and wheat germ in vitro translation systems. It is now shown that this IRES also functions within Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) cells which are widely used in the baculovirus expression system, and in a novel Sf21 cell-based lysate system. Inclusion of the RhPV IRES in a dicistronic reporter mRNA transcript increased translation of the second cistron 23-fold within Sf21 cells. In contrast, the encephalomyocarditis virus IRES was inactive in both systems. The RhPV IRES therefore has the potential to be utilized in insect cell expression systems.

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35

Boztepe, Tugce, Sebastián Scioli-Montoto, Rocio C. Gambaro, María Esperanza Ruiz, Silvia Cabrera, José Alemán, Germán A. Islan, Guillermo R. Castro, and Ignacio E. León. "Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Anti-HT-29 Colorectal Cell Line Activity of Novel 8-Oxyquinolinate-Platinum(II)-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Targeted with Riboflavin." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 3 (March 22, 2023): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15031021.

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Colorectal cancer is occasionally called colon or rectal cancer, depending on where cancer begins to form, and is the second leading cause of cancer death among both men and women. The platinum-based [PtCl(8-O-quinolinate)(dmso)] (8-QO-Pt) compound has demonstrated encouraging anticancer activity. Three different systems of 8-QO-Pt-encapsulated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with riboflavin (RFV) were investigated. NLCs of myristyl myristate were synthesized by ultrasonication in the presence of RFV. RFV-decorated nanoparticles displayed a spherical shape and a narrow size dispersion in the range of 144–175 nm mean particle diameter. The 8-QO-Pt-loaded formulations of NLC/RFV with more than 70% encapsulation efficiency showed sustained in vitro release for 24 h. Cytotoxicity, cell uptake, and apoptosis were evaluated in the HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. The results revealed that 8-QO-Pt-loaded formulations of NLC/RFV showed higher cytotoxicity than the free 8-QO-Pt compound at 5.0 µM. All three systems exhibited different levels of cellular internalization. Moreover, the hemotoxicity assay showed the safety profile of the formulations (less than 3.7%). Taken together, RFV-targeted NLC systems for drug delivery have been investigated for the first time in our study and the results are promising for the future of chemotherapy in colon cancer treatment.

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36

Hernández, Luis Flores. "Natural Sciences as Symbolic Systems." Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 63, no. 1-3 (September 1, 2007): 671–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2007_63_1_0671.

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37

Bor, D., O. Akyol, and T. Olgar. "Performance measurements of mammographic systems." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 129, no. 1-3 (February 18, 2008): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncn141.

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38

Bath, M. "Evaluating imaging systems: practical applications." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 139, no. 1-3 (February 10, 2010): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncq007.

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39

Cho, Kyu Nam, Ha Cheol Song, and Do Chun Hong. "Dynamic analysis of ROV cable considering the coupling motion of ROV cable systems." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 18, no. 4 (October 25, 2004): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2004.18.4.429.

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40

Becerra, Gastón. "Sociocybernetics: tensions between complex systems, social systems and complexity sciences." Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social 16, no. 3 (November 8, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.1636.

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41

Chen, Yingying, Yu Zheng, Fengji Luo, Junhao Wen, and Zhao Xu. "Reliability evaluation of distribution systems with mobile energy storage systems." IET Renewable Power Generation 10, no. 10 (July 14, 2016): 1562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0608.

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42

Tománek, Robert, and Jakub Hospodka. "Reusable Launch Space Systems." MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development 6, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/mad.2018.02.02.

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The paper focuses on reusable launch space systems. It aims to describe the current state of reusability in space systems and to analyze the launch cost of current Falcon carrier rockets.<br />The first chapter is dedicated to general information about reusable launch space systems. This includes definition of reusable and expendable launch systems or history of reusable launch systems. The second part is focused on the era after STS and new the concept of RLV. The following parts of this paper aim to analyze the launch price of current Falcon carrier rockets.

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43

Lee, Seong Kon. "Feasibility Study of ROV-Towed Marine Loop Electromagnetic System through Off-Shore Experiment." Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers 49, no. 6 (2012): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2012.49.6.766.

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44

Romaszko, Sylwia, and Petri Mähönen. "Quorum Systems towards an Asynchronous Communication in Cognitive Radio Networks." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/753541.

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This paper reviews quorum systems (QS) from the perspective of cognitive radio networks. Quorum systems were originally developed for and widely used in the scope of operating systems. Recently, quorum systems have been also started to be applied to wireless communications. The objective of this paper is threefold. First, the paper provides survey and guidance on the use of quorum systems. Second, it shows that QS properties provide an interesting alternative towards an asynchronous communication in cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRANs). Due to properties of quorum systems it is possible to establish CRANs without employing a common control channel (CCC), perfect synchronization, or central controller architecture. QS properties can be efficiently utilized to handle the rendezvous (RDV) problem in CRANs. New RDV protocols must be designed in such a way that there is a guarantee that all nodes meet periodically within reasonable periods of time. Since pseudorandom solutions do not provide this guarantee, systematic approaches are needed such as QSs. Third, we also propose a novel distributed RDV protocol, MtQS-DSrdv, which is based on mirror torus QS and difference set concepts. The proposed protocol guarantees RDVs on all available channels while CR nodes have the same channel set.

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45

Schug, John C., Richard D. Reid, A. C. Lilly, and R. W. Dwyer. "UHF RPA calculations on large model polyene systems." Chemical Physics Letters 128, no. 1 (July 1986): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(86)80136-1.

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46

Isaacs, C., and T. A. White. "Driving farm performance using information systems." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 16 (January 1, 2016): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.16.2016.3265.

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FarmIQ Systems Limited was established as a Primary Growth Partnership (PGP) between the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI), the meat processor Silver Fern Farms and Landcorp Farming Limited. FarmIQ aims to create a truly integrated value and information chain for red meat from product back to farm. The major output of this partnership is the FarmIQ System â€’ farm management software developed in New Zealand for New Zealand farmers. Hill country farmers have historically been at a disadvantage compared to their lowland counterparts in terms of the ease of quantifying farm performance. The FarmIQ System is a cloudbased tool that addresses these challenges of scale and isolation. It allows all types of red meat farmers to plan, communicate, record, analyse and report information about land, feed and animals easily and accurately. Keywords: FarmIQ System, integration, better decisions

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47

Steven, G. "Intensive Grazing Management Systems for Deer." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 9 (January 1, 2003): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.9.2002.3423.

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48

Macdonald, K. A., C. Matthew, C. B. Glassey, and N. Mclean. "Dairy farm systems to aid persistence." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 15 (January 1, 2011): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.15.2011.3199.

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This manuscript reviews fundamental pasture management principles relevant to pasture persistence. We first note some points of context, within which the debate on pasture persistence is occurring: the release of new pasture cultivars, the debate about climate change, and the effects of newly introduced weeds and pests. We then examine trends in farm practice. The critical management period (of most concern to farmers) has shifted from winter/autumn to summer. It is essential that farmers have and use sets of decision rules to govern when and how hard to graze, when to supplement and when to remove cows from pasture to allow pastures to be grazed appropriately to aid pasture persistence. Adaptations available to improve pasture persistence include: the use of nitrogen fertiliser to increase feed supply going into the summer, the use of crops or other feed supplements, stocking rate and on-off grazing to ensure the pastures are appropriately grazed in the summer. New pastures must be treated with care in their first year of life to ensure survival. The response of farmers to these variables to aid persistence of pastures is discussed. Keywords: climate, insect pests, pasture growth model, pasture renewal, weeds

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49

Aerts, S., L. Verloock, L. Martens, and W. Joseph. "Compliance boundaries for train protection systems." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 158, no. 1 (July 16, 2013): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nct183.

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50

Pinchuk, Steve. "Creating systems with integrated advanced analytics." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 10, no. 3 (May 2011): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/rpm.2011.6.

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