Статті в журналах з теми "Routine discursive"
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1
Mattes, Astrid, Katharina Goetsch, and Sieglinde Rosenberger. "Restoring Routine by Debating Tolerance? Discursive Responses to Jihadist Terrorist Attacks." Politics, Religion & Ideology 18, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2017.1351955.
2
Spedale, Simona, Christine Coupland, and Sue Tempest. "Gendered Ageism and Organizational Routines at Work: The Case of Day-Parting in Television Broadcasting." Organization Studies 35, no. 11 (November 2014): 1585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840614550733.
Анотація:
This article contributes to the study of gendered ageism in the workplace by investigating how the routine of day-parting in broadcasting participates in the social construction of an ideology of ‘youthfulness’ that contributes to inequality. Critical discourse analysis is applied to the final judgment of an Employment Tribunal court case where the British public service broadcaster, the BBC, faced accusations of discrimination on the basis of both age and gender. Three interrelated findings are highlighted. First, the ideology of youthfulness was constituted through discursive strategies of nomination and predication that relied on an inherently ageist and sexist lexical register of ‘brand refreshment and rejuvenation’. Second, the ideology of youthfulness was reproduced through a pervasive discursive strategy of combined de-agentialization, abstraction and generalization that maintained power inequality in the workplace by obscuring the agency of the more powerful organizational actors while further marginalizing the weaker ones. Third, despite evidence that the intersection of age and gender produced qualitatively different experiences for individual organizational actors, in the legitimate and authoritative version of the truth constructed in the Tribunal’s final judgment, ageism discursively prevailed over sexism as a form of oppression at work. These findings support the view that the intersection of age and gender in the workplace should be explored by taking into account different levels of analysis – individual, organizational and societal – and with sensitivity to the context. They also suggest that the notion of gendered ageism is still poorly articulated and that the lack of an appropriate vocabulary encourages the discursive dominance of ageism over sexism, making the intersection of the two more difficult to study and to address.
3
Repnikova, Maria, and Keyu Alexander Chen. "Asymmetrical discursive competition: China–United States digital diplomacy in Africa." International Communication Gazette 85, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17480485221139460.
Анотація:
This article examines China–US competition for narratives by analyzing whether and how Chinese and American diplomats engage each other in routine diplomatic outreach to African audiences on Twitter. Drawing on case studies of Kenya and South Africa, our study uncovers “asymmetrical discursive competition”—Chinese diplomatic accounts selectively launch discursive attacks (both defensive and offensive) on the United States, while the US diplomatic accounts tend to ignore China. We further find that in invoking the United States, Chinese diplomats largely bypass Africa and African issues, and instead, focus on contesting larger claims about China's legitimacy.
4
Nurbayeva, А., and B. Karimova. "CHARACTERISTICS OF ADVERTISING TEXT AS A DISCURSIVE PRACTICE." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 74, no. 4 (December 9, 2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-4.1728-7804.31.
Анотація:
The article is devoted to the study of approaches to the concept of discourse and discursive practice. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to address typical, routine, unproblematic, and therefore unnoticed discursive actions and events that are also part of the discourse. In this article, advertising is considered as one of the trends in consumer culture. The article reveals the nature of the impact of advertising on a person, the features of the moral content of advertising and the role of advertising in consumer society. The conclusion is made about the predominantly destructive influence of advertising on public culture. Ways to influence the advertising discourse to neutralize its negative potential are outlined. The concept of discursive practice in the aspect of linguistic analysis is considered. The basic principles of description are defined. The research focuses on the interaction of discourses and the formation of new discursive practices.
5
Piskunova, Aleksandra. "Coal Region as a Discursive Construct: Meanings of Coal in the Kuzbass Media Routine." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2022, no. 3 (August 15, 2022): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2022-7-3-285-297.
Анотація:
In the Kemerovo Region, coal is a local socio-cultural construct that receives its substantive content through the local mass media discourse. Social studies of extractivism reveal the deep-rooted and significant impact of resource extraction on the modern society. This research relied on a discourse analysis of media routine and the meanings of coal it specifies. The method of discourse analysis is a phenomenological strategy of socio-cultural description; it clarifies the conceptual content of local media communities and registers the current state of the discursive environment. In the Kuzbass media, coal is an important resource that provides well-being, while coal mining is an extractive practice based on an unfair distribution of benefits and costs. This discourse objectifies the acts of collective signification of regional coal development activities. The economic discourse cultivates the idea of sustainable economic development of Kuzbass, while the ecological discourse defines the understanding of the specific coal-mining ecology. Media routine forms a social field of presence, where the regional community reproduces its collective identity and develops a language to describe the reality in which coal is the intersection point of economics, politics, ecology, and culture.
6
Rich, Miriam. "The discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination in the United States, 1960-1976: an unlikely affirmation of biomedical hegemony." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 16, no. 2 (February 2011): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232011000200010.
Анотація:
This article seeks to understand the discursive context of the cessation of routine smallpox vaccination in the United States in the early 1970s. The United States has a long tradition of opposition to compulsory smallpox vaccination, usually expressed in terms of concerns about personal liberties, the extent of state authority, and challenges to the hegemony of orthodox biomedicine. The practice of routine smallpox vaccination continued in the United States until its termination in the 1970s, following a 1971 recommendation against the practice issued by the United States Public Health Service. This history investigates the ways in which opposition to compulsory smallpox vaccination in the 1960s and 70s was articulated and understood by contemporaries through an analysis of the rhetoric used in leading medical journals and popular newspapers. It finds that this ultimately successful movement to end routine smallpox vaccination drew upon the language of biomedical authority rather than political protest.
7
Saba, Claudia. "Mainstreaming Anti-colonial Discourse on Palestine: Mohammed El-Kurd’s Discursive Interventions." Tripodos, no. 51 (January 27, 2022): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51698/tripodos.2021.51p49-67.
Анотація:
Palestinian activists have long maintained that the hegemonic discourse used to describe their predicament is unhelpful for understanding the nature of the so-called “conflict” in their country. They maintain that a discursive hegemony suppresses their voices and denies their lived experience. A high-profile case of a settler organization’s attempt to evict Palestinian families from their homes in Jerusalem brought visibility to a counter-hegemonic Palestinian discourse that challenges the dominant framing of the situation in Palestine/Israel. Through steadfast on-the-ground resistance that was powerfully documented online, attention was brought to an otherwise routine act of home dispos-session. This study examines the counter-hegemonic discourse advanced by one of the victims of the case as an example of a growing Palestinian tendency to frame Israeli actions through the prism of settler-colonialism. The article outlines the fundamentals of this discourse and traces synergies between Palestinian narratives of injustice and those of system-critical social movements concerned with issues of racism, militarism, and capitalism to examine how power-resistance discourses challenge extant modes of knowledge production.
8
Froholdt, Lisa Loloma. "“The helm is lost!”: Reframing psychological matters in non-routine technologically mediated interaction in a maritime context." Text & Talk 39, no. 2 (March 26, 2019): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-2023.
Анотація:
AbstractThe maritime industry is a dangerous and highly technologically saturated sector. Unfortunately, advancement in automation and technology have not minimised human error as intended. Interaction between humans and technology in the industry is also overtly pre-scripted. The main reason for this is to reduce human error by ensuring predictability in interaction. Ultimately, investigations of non-routine interaction are often based on a hindsight view of what went wrong in a given situation. This article analyses a collection of non-routine interactions that derive from a larger data corpus, using Discursive Psychology and Conversation Analysis. It argues that such a study can capture what is missing from some investigations, namely, what makes sense for crews in the context of a given non-routine situation. Despite the constraints and the challenges of technological complexity, this article argues that reframing psychological matters in non-routine technologically mediated interaction can be a new way of showing how such matters are dynamic, visible and manageable. This can inform the general debate of how to minimise human error, and more specifically, provide insight into the increasing inclusion of technology and as a consequence, the equally increasing amount of technologically mediated interaction that we will see in the future.
9
Laluna, Maria Cristina Martinez Capel, and Clarice Aparecida Ferraz. "The meanings of evaluation practice in nursing education." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 17, no. 1 (February 2009): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692009000100004.
Анотація:
This study analyzed the meanings of evaluation practice in competence-based nursing education through discursive practices and production of meanings in daily routine. Data were collected with a focal group composed of seven professors from a nursing program in Marília, SP, Brazil. It could be acknowledged, during data analysis, that most of the linguistic repertories refer to the traditional mode of evaluation and to the competence notion based on the French constructivist framework. However, repertories producing meanings related to the innovation of the evaluation method, based on democratic evaluation and on the dialogical competence framework, are also observed.
10
von Bernstorff, Jochen. "Sisyphus was an international lawyer. On Martti Koskenniemi's “From Apology to Utopia” and the place of law in international politics." German Law Journal 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2006): 1015–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200005277.
Анотація:
From Apology to Utopia is a disturbing reading experience. I first came across Martti Koskenniemi's book of 1989 during research for my thesis on Hans Kelsen. In his monograph “Das Problem der Souveränität”, published immediately after the First World War, Kelsen attempted to destroy the central doctrinal pillars of the nineteenth century German international law discourse by exposing the ideological nature of its central doctrines, such as the concept of the sovereign will of the state, autolimitation and consent. 70 years later, the analytical programme of From Apology to Utopia deconstructed international law by exposing the inherent “political” nature of international legal discourse, interpreted as an argumentative practice. Exposing the unstable discursive boundaries between politics and international law is the central objective of this monograph. Martti Koskenniemi portrays international legal doctrine as an inherently contradictory and repetitive argumentative routine that is incapable of producing meaningful “legal” results. International lawyers somewhat tragically feel compelled to engage in this Sisyphean routine in order to maintain their professional identity.
11
Núñez Asomoza, Alejandra. "English has Always Been Present: Transnational Youths Illustrating Language Dynamics in Zacatecas, Mexico." Migraciones internacionales 13 (January 30, 2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2410.
Анотація:
This paper aims at describing the impact of transnationalism on the reconfiguration of linguisticrepertoires of transnational people and how this is manifested in their discursive practices, their residing communities, and the geographical places they connect. Narratives from three participants are analyzed from the perspective of translanguaging theory (Wei, 2011, 2018b), which allows to capture moments of language creativity and criticality that are then linked to the transnational dimension of the participants, exemplifying how these elements interact with each other. Through participants’ flexible languaging and metalinguistic commentaries manifested in various domains of their daily lives, their creativity and criticality emerge as natural and significant features of their routine and bilingualism.
12
Rachel, Janet, and Steve Woolgar. "The Discursive Structure of the Social-Technical Divide: The Example of Information Systems Development." Sociological Review 43, no. 2 (May 1995): 251–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1995.tb00603.x.
Анотація:
The social and technical are commonly defined in opposition to each other. Yet technology practitioners are often quite comfortable with the idea that the technical is constitutively social. Drawing on an ethnographic study of a computerised information systems development project, this paper examines various usages of notions of ‘technical’. Attempts to situate the study at the ‘technical core’ of the project were met with a series of rebuffs. ‘Technical’ talk is to be understood as a categorising device which does boundary work. Technical talk invokes and performs a disjunction between networks of social relationships and stipulates a moral order with associated norms for acceptance and transition. The difficulty of penetrating the intelligibility of technical talk is understandable as a struggle in familiarising oneself with the routine social actions of a separate community. In addition, the private sphere of the technical is often distanced in time. The costs involved in journeying into the future are analogous to those of penetrating alien cultures. Ideas of progress and advance are often associated with the invocation of ‘the technical’. These connote a notion of timing which reinforces the distance and difference of – and hence depicts the costs involved in penetrating – removed sets of social relationships. Technical a. Appropriate or peculiar to, or characteristic of, a particular art, science, profession, or occupation (OED).
13
Kablukov, Evgenii. "Joseph Stalin & Vladimir Putin: practices of the image construction of a political leader in the discourse of Soviet and Russian media." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.6490.
Анотація:
The image of a political leader is considered as a discursive phenomenon, structured by a set of practices. Two practices bring together the images of Stalin and Putin: 1) use of specific nominations of a leader; 2) reproduction of laudatory slogans addressed to a leader. The gatekeeping practices and the content of leaders’ images in considered discourses are fundamentally different. The modern Russian media select the most spectacular breaking news with the participation of Putin and construct the star image, well sold to the Russian consumer. Soviet media refuse any sensationalism, covering only official and routine events with the participation of Stalin. So the contradiction is revealed between the ordinary actions of the leader and the endless praise for Stalin as a deified father.
14
Ruiz-Gurillo, Leonor. "Phraseology for humor in Spanish." Spanish Phraseology 38, no. 2 (December 7, 2015): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.38.2.01rui.
Анотація:
The aim of this paper is to propose a phraseological approach to humor in Spanish. Phraseological units will be analyzed as markers or indicators in accordance with a revised General Theory of Verbal Humor (Ruiz-Gurillo, 2012, 2013). A marker is a linguistic element which helps to understand humor; instead, an indicator is a per se humorous element. Thus, discursive marker idioms can be used as markers that infringe the prerequisite of Quality (Levinson, 2000; Rodríguez-Rosique, 2013), whereas routine formulas, specific utterances, phraseological schematas, etc., could behave as indicators. These phraseological indicators have to do not only with the infringement of the Manner Principle but also with that of the Informativity principle. En serio and es broma are analyzed as phraseological markers of humor. Routine formulas such as tus nietos no te olvidan, ¿¡qué vamos a hacer!?, ¡que me parta un rayo!, ¡me la suda! or ¡que os den!, specific utterances such as no somos nadie, el roce hace el cariño, idioms such as a buenas horas and phraseological schematas such as ni columna ni columno are proposed as phraseological indicators. Our corpus contains humorous monologues and parodies.
15
LeeKeenan, Kira. "“We're just building!”: a study of collaborative coaching interactions." International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education 9, no. 3 (April 28, 2020): 239–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmce-02-2019-0014.
Анотація:
PurposeThis paper aims to clarify opportunities for collaborative interactions between cooperating teachers (CTs) and preservice teachers (PTs) in practice-based teacher preparation programs (TPPs). The study aimed to explore the discursive moves that facilitate collaboration between one CT and PT.Design/methodology/approachGrounded in the critical sociocultural theory, this study applied a qualitative microanalytic approach to the study of coaching interactions for the purpose of understanding why and how collaborative discourse developed between a CT and a PT.FindingsThis study of discourse moves within collaborative coaching interactions revealed collaborative interactions developed from strategic repositioning of social roles, which created space for authentic problem-posing by both the CT and the PT, and the co-construction of teaching events, which supported more specific planning toward future lessons; and routine and appreciative use of observational data created space for co-construction and co-inquiry.Practical implicationsThis study illuminated the complex social and discursive dance embedded within collaborative interactions. The findings also suggested that the project of co-constructing curriculum with someone is a powerful and necessary experience for a PT because it is through this co-construction that PTs learn how to design meaningful curriculum and critically reflect on practice.Originality/valueThis study offers new understandings around how collaborative talk in educational discourse transpires and why providing opportunities for PTs to take a more active role in their own learning is important.
16
Gray, Alice E., Katherine E. Sleeman, and Katherine Bristowe. "43 A systematic review and critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the reporting of do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) decisions in UK national broadsheet and tabloid newspapers." BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 7, no. 3 (September 2017): A363.2—A363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2017-001407.43.
Анотація:
IntroductionThe Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) decision is a routine aspect of medical care, but there can be misunderstandings among patients and the public relating to these decisions. The aim of this study was to identify how DNACPR decisions are portrayed in print media, and understand how this contributes to public opinion.MethodsA systematic review using three databases (Newsbank’s Access World News, ‘Factiva’ database and ‘Daily Mail Historical Archive’) was conducted, for articles published between January 2000 and September 2016. A Critical Discourse Analysis was carried out at three levels: textual (micro); discursive practice (meso); sociocultural practice (macro).Results116 articles were identified, comprising a corpus of 68082 words. Textual analysis demonstrated two opposing portrayals: the vulnerable patient requiring life saving through CPR, and the medical body failing in their duty to keep the patient alive. Analysis of discursive practice found the power of truth-telling lay with patients and families who associated DNACPR with poor-quality care and concealment suspicions. Sociocultural analysis found DNACPR decisions were incorporated into wider end of life care criticisms.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an overwhelmingly negative and inaccurate portrayal of DNACPR within print media, contributing to the public’s mistrust of professionals and their decision-making power. A DNACPR decision awareness campaign to communicate realities about DNACPR decisions more effectively with the public is urgently needed. Access to accurate information will improve understanding between the public and clinicians.
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Gustavson, Malena. "Beröringspraktiker i sexuella narrativ." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 34, no. 4 (June 13, 2022): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v34i4.3337.
Анотація:
In this article I investigate how tactile practices appear in an ongoing ethnographic study on sex to inquire what touch does in the sexual narratives among women and trans* people. As sexualization is routine in society I seek the political subjectivity in every day life sexual experiences. Touch is often considered to underline a presupposed intention, which risks to attribute some touches to certain bodies in a categorical way, rather than exploring the dynamic potential between sensational, emotional and sociocultural knowledge production. Engaging in feminist theories of Irigaray, Ahmed, Stryker and Sedgwick, among others, my trajectory is to turn to the stories of sexual experiences for a closer examination of how touches could revamp a knowledge production of the sexual embodied self rather than reproduce fixed discursive representations.
18
Learmonth, Mark, and Kevin Morrell. "Is critical leadership studies ‘critical’?" Leadership 13, no. 3 (May 13, 2016): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742715016649722.
Анотація:
‘Leader’ and ‘follower’ are increasingly replacing ‘manager’ and ‘worker’ to become the routine way to frame hierarchy within organizations; a practice that obfuscates, even denies, structural antagonisms. Furthermore, given that many workers are indifferent to (and others despise) their bosses, assuming workers are ‘followers’ of organizational elites seems not only managerialist, but blind to other forms of cultural identity. We feel that critical leadership studies should embrace and include a plurality of perspectives on the relationship between workers and their bosses. However, its impact as a critical project may be limited by the way it has generally adopted this mainstream rhetoric of leader/follower. By not being ‘critical’ enough about its own discursive practices, critical leadership studies risk reproducing the very kind of leaderism it seeks to condemn.
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Breen, Michelle Dunne, Patricia Easteal, Kate Holland, Georgina Sutherland, and Cathy Vaughan. "Exploring Australian journalism discursive practices in reporting rape: The pitiful predator and the silent victim." Discourse & Communication 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2017): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481317697858.
Анотація:
This article draws on the qualitative research component of a mixed-methods project exploring the Australian news media’s representation of violence against women. This critical discourse analysis is on print and online news reporting of the case of ‘Kings Cross Nightclub Rapist Luke Lazarus’, who in March 2015 was tried and convicted of raping a female club-goer in a laneway behind his father’s nightclub in Sydney, Australia. We explore the journalism discursive practices employed in the production of the news reports about the Lazarus trial. Our analysis shows how some lexical features, quoting strategies and structuring elements serve to minimise the victim’s experience while emphasising the adverse effects of the trial on the accused. Furthermore, we demonstrate how such practices allow for the graphic representation of the attack in a salacious manner while minimising the impact of the crime on the victim by selectively referencing her victim impact statement. We found some differences between print and online news stories about this case, some of which may be attributable to the greater space available to the telling of news stories online. We conclude that in news reporting of the Lazarus case, routine journalism discursive practices, such as the inverted pyramid news-writing structure and decisions about who and what to quote, serve simultaneously to diminish the victim’s experience while objectifying her. These results build on international findings about media reporting practices in relation to violence against women and add substantially to what we know about these practices in Australia.
20
Heyse, Petra. "'She has to be Prepared to Improve Herself': Shaping Femininities in Transnational Marriage Agencies in Russia." Journal of Social Policy Studies 16, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/727-0634-2018-16-2-355-370.
Анотація:
Petra Heyse – Departement Taalkunde (IPrA Research Center), Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium. Email: petra.heyse@gmail.com
This article draws on a broader research project that scrutinizes online / offline representational practices on transnational matchmaking websites featuring so-called 'Russian brides'. The central research question is: how are recurrent online representations related to gender (in intersection with other identity categories) co-constructed in the daily interactions between matchmaking staff and female clients on the floor of a marriage agency. To these aims, the researcher conducted participant observation in a transnational marriage agency in a Russian city and used linguistic ethnographic methodologies. The analysis for this article concentrates on the routine argumentative strategies that are used by matchmaking personnel to legitimate their intermediating role to Russian-speaking female clients in the case agency on the basis of in-depth interviews with agency staff and female clients. The analysis of discursive positioning in interviews with translators and female clients sheds light on the social order that is discursively created. This order is functional in defining and reproducing the commercial dependencies between matchmaking staff and female clients in a transnational globalized industry. This study demonstrates the way in which: (a) matchmaking personnel in the case study constructs subject positions in discourse – i. e. of transnational matchmaking experts and of female clients – by drawing on commonsensical public discourses of difference that encompass gender, age and nationality, and (b) matchmaking personnel affiliates with its clients by conceiving the matchmaking approach as an increasingly popular genre of self-improvement for Russian-speaking women.
21
Sousa, José Ismar Santos, Bárbara Tarouco da Silva, Lenice Dutra de Sousa Canuso, Franciele Roberta Cordeiro, Adriane Maria Netto de Oliveira, and Thicianne da Silva Roque. "Cuidados paliativos à pessoa idosa: rotina dos cuidadores familiares." Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 12, no. 40 (December 21, 2022): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2022.12.40.292-303.
Анотація:
Descrever o preparo dos familiares para cuidar de pessoas idosas com câncer em cuidados paliativos no domicílio e identificar as atividades de cuidado e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos familiares ao realizarem o cuidado domiciliar. Estudo qualitativo realizado com dez familiares de pessoas idosas atendidas por um serviço de atenção domiciliar. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e a técnica de análise textual discursiva. Emergiram três categorias: vivências da rotina do cuidador familiar da pessoa idosa com câncer em cuidados paliativos, sentimentos experienciados pelo cuidador familiar da pessoa idosa com câncer em cuidados paliativos e o processo de cuidar e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo cuidador familiar. Constatou-se a importância da rede de apoio para os participantes, evitando a sobrecarga e fragilização da sua saúde. Conhecer as necessidades dos cuidadores familiares pode proporcionar subsídios para que os profissionais possam implementar estratégias de cuidado contribuindo para qualidade de vida.
Descritores: Idoso, Cuidados Paliativos, Cuidadores, Enfermagem.
Palliative care for the elderly: routine of family caregivers
Abstract: To describe the preparation of family members to care for elderly people with cancer in palliative care at home and to identify care activities and difficulties faced by family members when performing home care. Qualitative study carried out with ten relatives of elderly people assisted by a home care service. The semi-structured interview and the discursive textual analysis technique were used. Three categories emerged: routine experiences of the family caregiver of the elderly person with cancer in palliative care, feelings experienced by the family caregiver of the elderly person with cancer in palliative care and the care process and the difficulties faced by the family caregiver. The importance of the support network for the participants was verified, avoiding the overload and weakening of their health. Knowing the needs of family caregivers can provide subsidies for professionals to implement care strategies contributing to quality of life.
Descriptors: Aged, Palliative Care, Caregivers, Nursing.
Cuidados paliativos del anciano: rutina de los cuidadores familiares
Resumen: Describir la preparación de los familiares para el cuidado de ancianos con cáncer en cuidados paliativos domiciliarios e identificar las actividades de cuidado y las dificultades enfrentadas por los familiares al realizar el cuidado domiciliario. Estudio cualitativo realizado con diez familiares de ancianos asistidos por un servicio de atención domiciliaria. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y la técnica de análisis textual discursivo. Emergieron tres categorías: vivencias cotidianas del familiar cuidador del anciano con cáncer en cuidados paliativos, sentimientos vividos por el familiar cuidador del anciano con cáncer en cuidados paliativos y el proceso de cuidar y las dificultades enfrentadas por el familiar cuidador. Se constató la importancia de la red de apoyo para los participantes, evitando la sobrecarga y debilitamiento de su salud. Conocer las necesidades de los cuidadores familiares puede proporcionar subsidios para que los profesionales implementen estrategias de cuidado que contribuyan a la calidad de vida.
Descriptores: Anciano, Cuidados Paliativos, Cuidadores, Enfermería.
22
Darics, Erika. "E-Leadership or “How to Be Boss in Instant Messaging?” The Role of Nonverbal Communication." International Journal of Business Communication 57, no. 1 (January 13, 2017): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329488416685068.
Анотація:
Doing leadership in the virtual realm has now become a routine part of many leaders’ daily work, yet our understanding of how leadership is enacted in mediated contexts—especially in text-only channels—is very limited. By applying micro-level analysis to naturally occurring instant message conversations, this article exposes the strategies leaders employ to achieve a range of complex communication goals: to get the work done while fostering informality and collegiality and creating the sense of a real—and not virtual—collaboration between team members. The findings further our understanding in two domains: They provide empirical grounding for e-leadership theories by exposing practices from real-life interactions, and they contribute to discursive leadership literature by addressing nonverbal communication practices. The findings of the article could form the basis for management and leadership training by drawing attention to the linguistic and semiotic resources digital leaders have at their disposal in virtual work environments.
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Liow, Joseph Chinyong, and Afif Pasuni. "Debating the Conduct and Nature of Malaysian Politics: Communalism and New Media Post-March 2008." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 29, no. 4 (December 2010): 39–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341002900403.
Анотація:
The results of Malaysia's general election held on 8 March 2008 was nothing short of monumental. By winning five state legislatures and denying the incumbent governing coalition its hitherto routine two-thirds parliamentary majority, the performance of the opposition, swayed by the contribution of the new media, raised hopes that Malaysian politics had turned a corner. Following the elections, the popular discursive terrain in Malaysia was awash with talk of a “new politics” that had emerged, and that transcended the traditional narratives of race, religion, and communalism. The purpose of this paper is to examine the veracity of these claims in relation to the nature and conduct of politics in Malaysia. It argues that, three years after the 2008 elections, the communal narrative remains as forceful a factor in Malaysian politics despite the presence of a multi-ethnic opposition coalition and the hope engendered by the emergence of the new media as an equalizing factor that has eroded the incumbent's traditional hegemonic control over information.
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Batista, Fabiano, Rita Farias, and Débora Teixeira. "DISCURSIVIDADES SOBRE A MIGRAÇÃO NORDESTINA VEICULADA EM UM QUADRO DE PROGRAMA DE AUDITÓRIO DA TV ABERTA NO BRASIL." Entropia 7, no. 13 (2023): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52765/entropia.v7i13.464.
Анотація:
This article presents a mapping of the discursive strategies present in the De volta para o meu aconchego, from Rede Record de Televisão, emphasizing the narratives built in/by the painting, about the migratory processes of Northeasterners that, for the most part, are based on notions stigmatizing and stereotyped about the region, the subjects and their ways of life. The article is characterized as qualitative in nature of the descriptive-exploratory type, through which we sought to understand how the narratives present in the frame use routine situations and “ordinary” people, especially through commotion, to create "spectacles". " media based on sensationalism, humiliation and exploitation of the human as forms of entertainment and loyalty of viewers. for the loyalty of your audience. From the beginning of its exhibition to the end, it uses the lives of ordinary people as entertainment, putting them in embarrassing and humiliating situations, exploring human life as mere spectacle.
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Ryabchuk, Anastasiya, and Tamara Khurtsydze. "Using discourse analysis in contemporary social research." NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology 6 (November 22, 2023): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2023.6.3-15.
Анотація:
The aim of this article is to sum up the principles of social constructivism as a foundation of all theories of discourse, and to identify key characteristics of main discursive theories, as well as perspectives of their use in the research of inequalities. We explore key theories of discourse (critical discourse analysis and theoretical frameworks based on works of Foucault and Laclau and Mouffe), and application of methodological approaches of discourse analysis stemming out from these theories, in current social research. All discourse theories are founded on principles of social constructivism: social construction of knowledge, existence of multiple variants of knowledge, simultaneous construction and reproduction of social reality in the process of social relations, and an idea that subjects construct knowledge inside of discourse, while discourse in turn constructs social reality. Characteristics of discourse theories were identified around criteria of the degree of inclusivity of discourse, functions of discourse, stability of discursive structure, degree of subjects’ agency. Approaches to discourse analysis that stem from the works of Foucault and Laclau and Mouffe suggest a strong link between theory and methodology, with research methods less clearly defined. Critical discourse analysis fills this gap in methodological developments. In particular, for social research purposes, Norman Fairclough’s approach to critical discourse analysis is widely used, looking at discourse as a social practice, a type of speech, typical of a certain area of knowledge, and as an articulation of a person’s or a social group’s lived experience that stems from their structural position. Fairclough’s analytical model consists of three levels: a detailed linguistic analysis of the text, analysis of daily routine practices and ways in which people construct social order, and macrosociological analysis of the social practice. The article ends with discussion of examples and common areas of discourse analysis usage in research of structural social inequalities.
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Riggs, Christina. "Shouldering the past: Photography, archaeology, and collective effort at the tomb of Tutankhamun." History of Science 55, no. 3 (December 19, 2016): 336–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0073275316676282.
Анотація:
Photographing archaeological labor was routine on Egyptian and other Middle Eastern sites during the colonial period and interwar years. Yet why and how such photographs were taken is rarely discussed in literature concerned with the history of archaeology, which tends to take photography as given if it considers it at all. This paper uses photographs from the first two seasons of work at the tomb of Tutankhamun (1922–4) to show that photography contributed to discursive strategies that positioned archaeology as a scientific practice – both in the public presentation of well-known sites and in the self-presentation of archaeologists to themselves and each other. Since the subjects of such photographs are often indigenous laborers working together or with foreign excavators, I argue that the representation of fieldwork through photography allows us to theorize colonial archaeology as a collective activity, albeit one inherently based on asymmetrical power relationships. Through photographs, we can access the affective and embodied experiences that collective effort in a colonial context involved, bringing into question standard narratives of the history and epistemology of archaeology.
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Strelitz, Larry. "Biography, Media Consumption, And Identity Formation." Qualitative Sociology Review 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2008): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.4.2.03.
Анотація:
This paper proposes that the biographical or narrative interview is an important method in exploring the relationship of media consumption to identity formation. The paper takes issue with those theorists who place media consumption at the centre of identity formation processes. Rather, in line with the work of British social theorist John Tomlinson, the paper argues the need to see the relationship between media and culture, in the process of identity formation, as an interplay of mediations between cultureas-lived-experienced and culture-as-representation. On the one hand we have the media, representing the dominant representational aspect of modern culture while on the other we have the lived experience of culture which includes the discursive interaction of families and friends and the ‘material-existential’ experiences of routine life. Our media consumption choices and the meanings we take from the media are shaped by these lived cultural experiences while the media we consume also impacts on how we make sense of these experiences. The paper argues that the narrative or biographical interview is a useful way to explore this interplay of mediations in the process of identity formation.
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MOORE, TERRY. "Policy Dynamism: The Case of Aboriginal Australian Education." Journal of Social Policy 41, no. 1 (September 15, 2011): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279411000584.
Анотація:
AbstractWith reference to an ethnographic study of Aboriginal Australians in formal schooling, this paper focuses on the dynamism of the policy process. It argues that social policy is different in its performance from its formal articulation. It proposes that other discourses complicate policy discourse in its implementation, and that the Aboriginal objects of policy respond creatively to their representation in policy in ways that contribute to that complication. Aboriginal political leaders adopt the subject imagined in policy, elaborate its normativity and pressure their constituency to perform it. The routine performance of this subject works to compromise individuals’ capabilities to negotiate their lived interculturality and multiplicity, and confirms Aborigines in their marginalisation. Thus, policy becomes a central, authoritative catalyst in the real-world constitution of the subject initially imagined. The paper proposes that if social policy engages with this complexity, it can be effective in its aims of contributing to Aboriginal education and development, and management of the emerging condition of diversity. In both cases, it must account for the discursive and performative agency of the objects of policy, making it necessarily context-specific and revisable.
29
Simpson, James. "Intention and Interpretation, Now and Then." Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 53, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 451–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10829636-10689603.
Анотація:
Almost every interpretative university discipline in or adjacent to the Humanities makes routine, unproblematic appeal to intention as an interpretative move. By proscribing intentionalism as an instrument of interpretation, Literary Criticism is the outlier among adjacent and not so adjacent disciplines. The introduction to the special issue “Intention and Interpretation, Now and Then” maps the prime features of the intellectual landscape concerning intention and literary criticism in Anglo-American and French traditions since the late eighteenth century. It then highlights the losses that Literary Criticism incurs by its repudiation of intention as a heuristic tool. Apart from its loss of intellectual esteem by peers, any interpretive practice that refuses to intuit intention also loses significant cognitive and ethical purchase. The nature and magnitude of these losses can be measured in many ways. Articles in this special issue measure these losses by looking to the later medieval period in particular (with contributions also from the early medieval and early modern periods), when intention rose dramatically as a heuristic tool in many discursive fields, notably in criminal law, penitential ethics, and biblical hermeneutics. The contributions also explicate the way a premodern or early modern discourse deploys and sometimes defines intentionalism.
30
Shymko, Vitalii. "Discourseology of Linguistic Consciousness: Neural Network Modeling of some Structural and Semantic Relationships." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 29, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-29-1-193-207.
Анотація:
Objective. Study of the validity and reliability of the discourse approach for the psycholinguistic understanding of the nature, structure, and features of the linguistic consciousness functioning.
Materials & Methods. This paper analyzes artificial neural network models built on the corpus of texts, which were obtained in the process of experimental research of the coronavirus quarantine concept as a new category of linguistic consciousness. The methodology of feedforward artificial neural networks (multilayer perceptron) was used in order to assess the possibility of predicting the leading texts semantics based on the discourses ranks and their place in the respective linear sequence. Same baseline parameters were used to predict respondents' self-assessments of changes in their psychological well-being and in daily life routine during the quarantine, as well as to predict their preferences of the quarantine strategies. The study relied on basic ideas about discourse as a meaning constituted by the dispersion of other meanings (Foucault). The same dispersion mechanism realizes itself in interdiscourse interaction, forming a discursive formation at a higher level. The method of T-units (Hunt) was used to identify and count discourses in the texts. The ranking of discourses was provided based on the criterion of their semantic-syntactic autonomy.
Results. The conducted neural network modeling revealed a high accuracy in predicting the work of the linguistic consciousness functions associated with retrospective self-assessment and anticipatory imagination of the respondents. Another result of this modeling is a partial confirmation of the assumption concerning existence a relationship between the structural parameters of the discursive field (the rank of the discourses and their place in the respective linear sequence) and the leading semantics of the text.
Conclusions. A discourse approach to the study of linguistic consciousness, understanding of its structure and functioning features seems to be reasonably appropriate. The implementation of the approach presupposes the need to form a base of linguistic corpora with the inclusion in each text markup of such parameters as: the presence of specific discourses, their ranks, positions in the linear sequence of discourses.
31
Chaplay, Iryna Vіtalіivna. "AN OVERVIEW OF THE DISCURSIVE FIELD OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL AND CIVIL DIALOGUE FOR PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 11 (January 24, 2018): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i11.36.
Анотація:
The article features the behavior of participants in social and civil dialogue. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the main tools for the formation of the social and civilian potential of state development. The central role in shaping this process was played by the state authorities, providing the necessary communication tools of communication, which take place in all direc- tions of public administration. These tools are both formal and informal. It has been determined that these lower units in the multilayer system of com- munication support of state administration may not have sufficient powers to make a complex decision in their area of competence. This may reduce their own initiative and, in a broader sense, the habit of comfort, routine and the lack of an innovative communication process. On the contrary, a properly organized social and civil dialogue is developing on the basis of stimulating its self-organization and self-improvement.It is substantiated that the main functions of establishing a social and civ- il dialogue for state development are the coordination and coordination of the main tasks of information exchange and the formation of an atmosphere of mu- tual support and trust. The trustworthy nature of the social and civic provision of public administration is a prerequisite for a communication process through which information for a public decision is passed from one participant to another organization. This very form of social and civil dialogue has the potential to be an integrated means for uniting often conflicting participants in the communication process to ensure that common and acceptable solutions are adopted for both parties. The main problem of the formation of the socio-civilian potential of state development is due to the fact that not all information related to decision-making is in the hands of the subject of decision-making. That is why the necessary part of the democratic form of government is the establishment of meaningful com- munication tools of state authorities and the public.
32
Chaplay, Iryna Vіtalіivna. "AN OVERVIEW OF THE DISCURSIVE FIELD OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL AND CIVIL DIALOGUE FOR PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 12 (February 14, 2018): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i12.71.
Анотація:
The article features the behavior of participants in social and civil dialogue. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the main tools for the formation of the social and civilian potential of state development. The central role in shaping this process was played by the state authorities, providing the necessary communication tools of communication, which take place in all directions of public administration. These tools are both formal and informal.
It has been determined that these lower units in the multilayer system of communication support of state administration may not have sufficient powers to make a complex decision in their area of competence. This may reduce their own initiative and, in a broader sense, the habit of comfort, routine and the lack of an innovative communication process. On the contrary, a properly organized social and civil dialogue is developing on the basis of stimulating its self-organization and self-improvement.
It is substantiated that the main functions of establishing a social and civil dialogue for state development are the coordination and coordination of the main tasks of information exchange and the formation of an atmosphere of mutual support and trust. The trustworthy nature of the social and civic provision of public administration is a prerequisite for a communication process through which information for a public decision is passed from one participant to another organization. This very form of social and civil dialogue has the potential to be an integrated means for uniting often conflicting participants in the communication process to ensure that common and acceptable solutions are adopted for both parties. The main problem of the formation of the socio-civilian potential of state development is due to the fact that not all information related to decision-making is in the hands of the subject of decision-making. That is why the necessary part of the democratic form of government is the establishment of meaningful communication tools of state authorities and the public.
33
Santos, Júlio César de Oliveira. "Das diferenças às desigualdades: reflexões em torno das relações de gênero e sexualidade na escola." Revista Educação e Emancipação 10, no. 4 (January 12, 2018): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2358-4319.v10n4especialp256-278.
Анотація:
Neste artigo, apresento algumas reflexões em torno das diferenças e desigualdades de gênero e sexualidade no cotidiano escolar. Em uma perspectiva discursiva, procuro discutir as normas de gênero como resultado de disputas hegemônicas envolvendo lógicas políticas que tensionam sempre o que se estrutura como norma, como fundamento, expondo assim a sua instabilidade. Em seguida, exploro mais precisamente as relações que fazem das diferenças (de gênero e sexualidade) desigualdades. Isto é, questiono-me sobre como são produzidas (como construções hegemônicas e contingentes), e sustentadas – mas também contestadas e subvertidas – as fronteiras entre um “nós” e um “eles” e de que maneira por meio destas são fixadas (contingentemente) posições de sujeitos assimétricas, hierarquizadas, desiguais.Palavras-chave: Diferenças. Desigualdades. Escola. From differences to inequalities: reflections on gender relations and sexuality in schoolABSTRACTIn this paper, I present some reflections on the differences and inequalities of gender and sexuality in school routine. In a discursive perspective, I try to discuss gender norms as a result of hegemonic disputes involving political logics that always stress what is structured as a norm, as a foundation, thus exposing its instability. Next, I explore more precisely the relationships that make differences (of gender and sexuality), inequalities. That is, I question how are construct (as hegemonic and contingent constructs), and sustained – but also contested and subverted – the boundaries between a “we” and a “them” are produced and how they are (contingently) fixed subject positions as asymmetrical, hierarchical, unequal.Keywords: Differences. Inequalities. School. De las diferencias a las desigualdades: reflexiones en torno a las relaciones de género y sexualidad en la escuelaRESUMENEn este artículo, presento algunas reflexiones en torno a las diferencias y desigualdades de género y sexualidad en el cotidiano escolar. En una perspectiva discursiva, procuro discutir las normas de género como resultado de disputas hegemónicas involucrando lógicas políticas que tensionan siempre lo que se estructura como norma, como fundamento, exponiendo así su inestabilidad. A continuación, explotan más precisamente las relaciones que hacen de las diferencias (de género y sexualidad), desigualdades. Es decir, me pregunto sobre cómo se producen (en cuanto construcciones hegemónicas y contingentes), y sostenidas - pero también contestadas y subvertidas - las fronteras entre un “nosotros” y un “ellos” y de qué manera por ellas se fijan (contingentemente) las posiciones de sujetos asimétricos, jerarquizados, desiguales.Palabras clave: Diferencias. Desigualdades. Escuela.
34
Lehto-Niskala, Vilhelmiina, Outi Jolanki, Jaakko Valvanne, and Marja Jylhä. "Standardised functional assessment in long-term care for older people: perspective of Finnish care workers." Nordic Journal of Social Research 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/njsr.3734.
Анотація:
Objective measures and documentation are increasingly used in the care for older people to promote efficiency and productivity. A standardised assessment of functional capacity is one such measure. In this study, we examined the meanings given to standardised functional assessment by care workers who provide long-term care for older people. Gathered from eight Finnish long-term care facilities, the data consisted of one-on-one interviews with practical and registered nurses (n = 24). In the data analysis, we employed the discursive approach. We identified three discourses in the care workers’ talks that differed in the meaning given to standardised functional assessment in the process of care: part of the bureaucracy, a missed opportunity and a threat to person-centred care. Care workers described these assessments as constituting a routine part of their job but expressed uncertainty about their role and the practicalbenefits in actual care work. They even called into question these assessments’ relevance to quality care delivery. To be a meaningful part of care practice, it is essential that there be a shared understanding of the rationale behind functional assessments in the care organisation and that care workers themselves can see the outcomes of these assessments in their daily work.
35
Durna, Tezcan, and Burak Özçetin. "Mavi Marmara on the News: Convergence and Divergence in Religious Conservative Newspapers in Turkey." Middle East Journal Of Culture And Communication 5, no. 3 (2012): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-00503009.
Анотація:
This article presents a discursive analysis of religious conservative daily newspapers’ response to Israeli commandos’ attack on a flotilla of aid ships that were attempting to break an embargo on traffic to Gaza on 31 May 2010. The event not only caused a serious rupture in Israeli-Turkish relations but also resulted in the rise of (already present) anti-Israeli sentiment in the conservative religious sectors of society. Conservative religious media, more specifically the Islamic newspapers, led the anti-Israeli campaign within this process. The authors emphasize that news does not simply represent reality, but, as an active process, works on it. The institutional dependence on regular and reliable institutional sources and the ideological character of language are two major dynamics of this process. The journalistic routine imposes the statements of the institutional sources, or the voice of the powerful, as the only reliable and viable definition of events. The language used in the news enhances this partiality through use of stereotypical, bitter and discriminatory expressions. This article discusses the way news texts influence reality by focusing on the primary and secondary definers in the news, newspapers’ oscillation between humanitarian and Islamic concerns, and between anti-Zionist and anti-Semitic positions.
36
Orlova, G. А., M. N. Balakhonskaya, А. А. Berlov, А. А. Zaripova, and М. Yu Lukin. "1934. TOWARDS THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF OUR TIME." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 2 (2022): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-83-104.
Анотація:
The authors record a sharp rise of the present (from the routine of every day to the monumental and ideologically elaborated our era) in the discursive environments of 1934 and dedicate the article to the archaeology of our time. The analysis of the arrangement, becoming and conditions of possibility for extended and shared socialist present in 1934 is based on the archaeological method, dispositive analysis, the anthropology of time, and the experience of introducing one-year histories. The historical present is considered in the specifics of its eventfulness, connections of times, patterns, timescales, timescapes, time frames, modalities, positions, the art of navigation and existence in time. Daily newspapers, weekly magazines and diaries are used as sources of the present. The authors describe the becoming of the socialist present dispositive or timescape of our time through: a) its production in discourse; b) its technological objectification and inventory through measurement; c) the development of ethical standards for action in the present and the transformation of the present into an ethical criterion. The discursive opening of the present as a political resource, a stage for demonstrating the achievements of socialist construction, a priority area for updating the Soviet experience and identity are considered against the background of the mobilization temporality of the five-year plans and the shift from situational to total mobilization (discipline of the present). The extension and sharing of the present are realized through the formation of new relationships with the immediate past and future, the increase in the verbal mass of words-indicators of the current moment, the framing of Soviet identity through temporality, procedures for changing the temporal scale and the construction of a monumental present. Three patterns of extended and shared present are described. The actualization of interest in measuring time and technological access to the present, establishing control over it are recorded. The paper problematizes the formation of ethical standards and criteria that makes it possible to evaluate the actions of Soviet people in the extended present. A special role of the propaganda use of the Chelyuskin epic in the extension, sharing and political opening of our time is discussed.
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Drescher, Martina. "Entre routine conversationnelle et marqueur de discours : les usages depardondans certains français africains." SHS Web of Conferences 46 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184602005.
Анотація:
La dynamique du français en Afrique touche non seulement son lexique et sa grammaire, mais aussi son dispositif énonciatif, ses modes d’organisation du discours et, de façon générale, son niveau pragmaticodiscursif. Partant de données recueillies au Cameroun et au Burkina Faso, l’étude se focalise sur les emplois interjectifs depardon, qui semble évoluer d’une routine conversationnelle conversationnelle destinée à la gestion de l’interpersonnel vers un marqueur de discours avec des fonctions plus proprement discursives. Ces glissements dans le sens pragmatico-discursif depardonvont de pair avec un élargissement de son champ fonctionnel. Équivalent des’il vous plaîtdans de nombreux contextes, il s’annexe ses valeurs d’emphase et de focalisation tout en contribuant à la structuration de l’énoncé. Sans prétendre à l’exhaustivité, la présente étude vise une première systématisation des fonctions discursives depardondans les français camerounais et burkinabé. Pour conclure, elle revient sur la question de savoir si ces modifications fonctionnelles depardonsont dues à des interférences avec les langues de contact ou si elles renvoient plus globalement à des conventions de politesse et partant à une culture différente.
38
Davies, Mark, Aamer Sandoo, and Jamie Macdonald. "The Role of Exercise Training in Delaying Kidney Function Decline in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease." Kidney and Dialysis 2, no. 2 (May 25, 2022): 262–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/kidneydial2020026.
Анотація:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterised by declining eGFR and associated, particularly in advanced stages, with increased morbidity and cardiovascular mortality. Current treatment options for delaying disease progression are limited to a small number of pharmacological agents. Considering that rates of kidney function decline are greater in patients with lower levels of habitual physical activity, there is interest in the potential benefits of structured exercise training in delaying CKD progression. This discursive review summarises the current state-of-play in this field of research by critically analysing the published systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials of structured exercise training in the non-dialysis CKD population. Several issues are highlighted that hamper definite conclusions as to the therapeutic effectiveness of exercise training for this purpose. However, following an overview of the pathophysiology and risk factors for kidney function decline, several potential mechanisms explaining how exercise training may benefit CKD progression are offered. Finally, suggestions for future research in this area are made. The review concludes that there is a need for further research on the effectiveness of exercise before it can be recommended as part of routine care for the purpose of delaying CKD progression. Exercise can be recommended, however, to individual patients because of a potential benefit to kidney function, and definite benefits to other outcomes such as quality of life, with no apparent evidence of harm.
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Hajek, Kim M. "Félida, doubled personality, and the ‘normal state’ in late 19th-century French psychology." History of the Human Sciences 34, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695120980648.
Анотація:
The case of Félida X and her ‘doubled personality’ served in the last quarter of the 19th century as a proving ground for a distinctively French form of psychology that bore the stamp of physiology, including the comparative term normal state. Debates around Félida’s case provided the occasion for reflection about how that term and its opposites could take their places in the emerging discursive field of psychopathology. This article centres its analysis on Eugène Azam’s 1876–77 study of Félida, and the ways his framing of the case was adopted or critiqued by subsequent researchers. Azam initially deployed the label normal state in a routine manner, in contrast to his use of condition seconde to designate Félida’s other state; this pairing served, I argue, to anchor the scientific legitimacy of Félida’s extraordinary psychological manifestations. Unpacking the conceptual associations of Azam’s use of normal state, we find it marked as qualitatively distinct, temporally fixed, and most of all individualized; this without becoming normative. It was only through responses to and criticism of Azam’s study that there emerged a more generalized sense of normality against which pathological (hysteric) subjects’ comportment could be contrasted. Félida’s case itself constitutes a highly individualized reconfiguration of the concept of a normal state, while the subsequent framing of doubled mental states provides a valuable vantage point from which to consider the articulations between the language of emerging French psychology and its evolving subjects of enquiry.
40
Mensah, Eyo, Utomobong Nsebot, Eyamba Mensah, Lucy Ushuple, and Romanus Aboh. "‘It’s not all about spreading one’s legs’." Sociolinguistic Studies 17, no. 1-3 (August 7, 2023): 181–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/sols.24048.
Анотація:
This article explores the layers of signification and interpretive frames of female adolescents’ nuanced experiences of virginity loss in heterosexual relationships in Akpabuyo and Bakassi Local Government Areas of Cross River State in southeastern Nigeria. This study is theoretically anchored in the social constructionist perspective of doing gender, which conceptualises it as a routine accomplishment embedded in everyday interaction. Drawing on qualitative data using semi-structured interviews with 25 female adolescents who were purposively sampled, we investigate the social, cultural, and structural factors that informed participants’ sexual debut and romantic life trajectories from their nuanced perspectives and experiences. We investigate virginity-based discursive subjectivities under three thematic tropes: coercive/consensual sex, stigma, and patriarchal affordances. The results, based on linguistic evidence, show that participants have ambivalent perceptions of virginity loss and/or preservation: while some were overwhelmed with guilt and tended to align with traditional prescriptions about female sexuality, others viewed it as an extension of patriarchal subjugation of women and interpreted their experience in terms of agency and resistance. In this way, virginity loss discourses provide a prominent site for doing or undoing gender. The study recommends intervention programmes for young rural women to reduce the risk of unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and HIV/AIDS acquisition as a result of their lack of sexual competence, economic security, and educational empowerment, which have contributed to their vulnerability, victimhood, and exposure to unhealthy sexual practices.
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Myurberg, Irina I. "Civilization as a topic of Russian politico-civilizational discourse in the 21st century." Civilization studies review 4, no. 1 (2022): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2713-1483-2022-4-1-19-34.
Анотація:
Comparative-historical, hermeneutic and critical-analytical methods are used in the article. Periods of theoretical and methodological growth in Russian project of civilizational development are traced. “Zero years” were marked by persistence of “classics” in civilizational research and the rise of conflict between universalist and multicivilizational paradigms. The cross-cutting topic was about their meaningful comparison, respectively, with the classical and non-classical periods of West-European philosophy. Speaking politically, it was about globalism and anti-globalism. The second cross-cutting theme dealt with multicivilisationary paradigm as a challenge to universalism. Its strategies took shape along with Russia’s growing authenticity in politico-civilizational affairs. The next cross-cutting topic was about discrepancies in rethinking theory and methods. It is argued that the call for the rejection of ontological approach in favor of discursive one is baseless in its naive trust in the principle of constructivism as a source of clear and reliable knowledge about the “engineered” objects. Drawing from academician Lectorsky’s idea of “constructive realism”, it is proved that: 1) “designed” social objects are equal in complexity and unpredictability to objects of the natural world; 2) moreover, being “purged from ontology”, epistemological constructivism as such cannot bring new knowledge. This conclusion is indirectly confirmed by the project participants, whose publications combine a realistic approach with non-classical ways of studying civilizations. In conclusion, political philosopher B.G. Kapustin is cited. Kapustin identifies “big” and “small” politics as two faces of political activity: the one is about creative activity; the other – about political “routine” excluding encounter with novelty.
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Machado, Glaé Corrêa, Andréia Mendes dos Santos, and Bento Selau da Silva Junior. "As perspectivas da Educação Inclusiva no curso de Pedagogia:." EDUCAÇÃO E FILOSOFIA 36, no. 76 (May 23, 2022): 243–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/revedfil.v36n76a2022-60460.
Анотація:
Resumo: Este estudo objetiva analisar as perspectivas de futuros professores em relação às práticas pedagógicas necessárias para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência, assim como a possibilidade de construí-las no cotidiano escolar. Para participar da pesquisa, foram selecionadas dezesseis futuras professoras que estão cursando os últimos semestres do curso de Pedagogia e já atuam como estagiárias na Educação Básica. A pesquisa se fundamenta na abordagem qualitativa e utilizou as narrativas como instrumento da coleta de dados. A partir do processo de análise textual discursiva, identificaram-se três dimensões, com base nas temáticas utilizadas nesse estudo: Educação Inclusiva; Práticas Pedagógicas Inclusivas; Experiência. Os resultados do estudo indicam as experiências das professoras como novas e significativas e que o elemento principal para a transformação da educação inclusiva passa pela necessidade de formação, estudos e trocas de experiências e de constante construção teórico-prática, que se faz mister no processo inclusivo. Palavras-chave: Educação Superior; Educação Inclusiva; Formação de Professores; Práticas Pedagógicas. The perspectives of Inclusive Education in the Education course: narratives of beginning teachers Abstract: This study aims to analyze the perspectives of future teachers in relation to the pedagogical practices necessary for the inclusion of students with disabilities, as well as the possibility of building them in the school routine. In order to participate in the research, sixteen future teachers who are attending the last semesters of the Education course and already work as interns in Basic Education were selected. The research is based on a qualitative approach and it uses narratives as an instrument for data collection. From the discursive textual analysis process, three dimensions were identified, based on the themes used in this study: Inclusive Education; Inclusive Pedagogical Practices; Experience. The results of the study indicate the experiences of the teachers as new and significant, and that the main element for the transformation of inclusive education involves the need for training, studies and exchanges of experiences as well as constant theoretical-practical construction, which is essential in the inclusive process. Keywords: Higher Education; Inclusive Education; Teacher Training; Pedagogical Practices. Las perspectivas de la Educación Inclusiva en el curso de Pedagogía: narrativas de profesores principiantes Resumen: Este estudio tiene por objetivo analizar las perspectivas de futuros profesores con relación a las prácticas pedagógicas necesarias para la inclusión de alumnos con discapacidad, así como la posibilidad de construirlas en el cotidiano escolar. Para participar de la pesquisa, fueron seleccionadas dieciséis futuras profesoras que están cursando los últimos semestres del curso de Pedagogía y ya actúan como pasantes en la Educación Básica. La investigación se fundamenta en un enfoque cualitativo y utilizó las narrativas como instrumento de recogida de dados. A partir del proceso de análisis textual discursivo, fueron identificados tres dimensiones, con base en las temáticas utilizadas en este estudio: Educación Inclusiva; Prácticas Pedagógicas Inclusivas; Experiencia. Los resultados del estudio indican las experiencias de las profesoras como nuevas y significativas y que el elemento principal para la transformación de la educación inclusiva pasa por la necesidad de formación, estudios y cambios de experiencias además de constante construcción teórico-práctica, que es esencial en el proceso inclusivo. Palabras clave: Educación Universitaria; Educación Inclusiva; Formación de Profesores; Prácticas Pedagógicas. Data de registro: 14/04/2021 Data de aceite: 19/01/2022
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Izcara Palacios, Simón Pedro, and Karla Lorena Andrade Rubio. "Migración y violencia: las caravanas de migrantes centroamericanos." Revista Colombiana de Sociología 45, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 91–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v45n2.95765.
Анотація:
Central American migrants transiting through Mexico to reach the United States are subjected to abductions, rape, and enforced disappearances. From October 2018 Central American migrants began to move in large groups known as migrant caravans to defend themselves against harassment by the authorities and the aggressions of organized crime. Unlike the traditional subreptitious migration model, the caravan migration model is bustling, visible, collective, and is imbued with a denunciation character. However, violence scenarios also emerged inside the caravans. The purpose of this article is to examine the forms of violence suffered by Central American migrants who joined the caravans. This research is based on a qualitative methodological approach. The technique used for collecting discursive material was the in-depth interview. From July 2019 to February 2020, 24 Central American migrants (9 males and 15 women) were interviewed in four geographical areas of Mexico: Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Mexico City, and Puebla. We selected adults who joined one of the caravans formed during October and November of 2018 but abandoned the caravans to migrate alone due to scenarios of violence occurring inside the caravans. The results show that women suffered the most violent situations. Women complained about everyday violence originating from interactions with the other actors in the social field of migration. Many women were victims of routine practices and expressions of interpersonal aggressions initiated by their male peers. To escape from everyday violence interviewed women decided to abandon the security of advancing as a group to emigrate alone. On the other hand, interviewed men left the caravans because they somatized a vision and division of the world that defined them as guilty and not deserving.
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Sitri, Frédérique, and Marie Veniard. "Routines discursives, variation et normes de genre." Langage et société 159, no. 1 (2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ls.159.0099.
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Née, Emilie, Frédérique Sitri, and Marie Veniard. "Pour une approche des routines discursives dans les écrits professionnels." SHS Web of Conferences 8 (2014): 2113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20140801195.
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Lavie, Irit, and Anna Sfard. "How Children Individualize Numerical Routines: Elements of a Discursive Theory in Making." Journal of the Learning Sciences 28, no. 4-5 (August 23, 2019): 419–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2019.1646650.
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Guryev, Alexander, and Pierre Larrivée. "Routines discursives comme contextes d’émergence de l’interrogative partielle in situ en diachronie." Langue française N° 212, no. 4 (December 7, 2021): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lf.212.0075.
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Klymenko, L. "DISCOURSE OF THE BRAND ALAIN DUCASSE IN MODERN MEDIA SPHERE." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 33 (2018): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2018.33.14.
Анотація:
The paper is devoted to analyzing of the media brand routine’s socio discourse characteristics, where a brand embodied in the complex of strategic ideas. It is pointed that the use of the virtual media sphere is an essential tool for business strategies implementation. Social interaction as a discourse activity, taking place regarding to the brand in media space, is considered as an integral and discursive formation made up of the discursive practices’ system. Using concepts of discursive practices, discursive actors, and discourse communities allows rendering discursive brand communication in terms of Le Groupe Ducasse project. Discourse communities are identified according to discursive roles. Taking into consideration activity identifiers, all discursive practices can be divided into two major groups: brand-efferent and brend-afferent. Two types of discursive roles are specified: socio-categorical and situational. Socio-categorical roles, characterized by communicative behavioural stereotypes, are constant, developed according to socio-professional communities, and have afferent background. The brand’s leader, community of people involved with it, community of food experts, connoisseurs, and journalists are among them. Situational character of discursive roles is common for the representatives of the wide Internet community: consumers, potential customers, situational communicators. Brand discourse has interdiscursive character, and considered to be an activity directed discourse, while discursive practices help to implement the main strategic goal of image formation.
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Tutin, Agnès. "Surprise routines in scientific writing." Expressing and Describing Surprise 13, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.13.2.06tut.
Анотація:
Emotions are almost absent from scientific articles except surprise, which plays a specific role in this genre. Surprise markers such as contrairement à nos attentes (‘contrary to our expectations’) or ce résultat relativement surprenant (‘this somewhat surprising result’) are used in the framework of a scientific prediction model, implicit or explicitly formulated. A corpus linguistic study of adjectival and verbal markers allows us to determine several trends: (a) contrary to other genres such as novels or newspaper articles, surprise is not polar, that is to say it is neither positive nor negative, but stylistically “neutral”, (b) surprise is far more source-oriented than experiencer-oriented, (c) surprise generally involves the reader as a witness, and contributes, with other rhetorical markers, to “interlocutive” dialogism, (d) surprise often occurs in a prefabricated discursive scenario including several steps: (i) prediction model, (ii) observed facts, (iii) expression of surprise (or absence of surprise), (iv) explanation of surprising facts. Finally, we can question the status of surprise as an affect in scientific writing. It seems to be more a state of consciousness associated with the observation of complex facts. In any case, it appears to be a complex state, with rich conceptual content.
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Sambaraju, Rahul, Myles Sammon, Frank Harnett, and Emma Douglas. "‘Her choice of course’: Negotiating legitimacy of ‘choice’ in abortion rights deliberations during the ‘Repeal the Eighth’ movement in Ireland." Journal of Health Psychology 23, no. 2 (November 17, 2017): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105317741659.
Анотація:
Discourses of ‘choice’ are routinely involved in sexual and reproductive rights’ advocacy. In this article, we offer a discursive psychological examination of how ‘choice’ is oriented to, in online deliberations on the ongoing movement for abortion rights in Ireland. Comment posters treated ‘choice’ as involving outcomes of and motives for choosing, in negotiating legitimacy of women’s rights to choose. These accompanied alternative versions of women, either as independent or as intimately bound up with pregnancy/motherhood, which were flexibly used in negotiation legitimacy of women’s rights to ‘choice’ in abortion practices. Choice advocacy is then situated in particular discursive practices.