Готові списки джерел за темами / Route Directness

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Route Directness"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Route Directness"

Stangl, Paul. "Overcoming flaws in permeability measures: modified route directness." Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability 12, no. 1 (October 5, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549175.2017.1381143.

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Zhao, Fang, and Ike Ubaka. "Transit Network Optimization - Minimizing Transfers and Optimizing Route Directness." Journal of Public Transportation 7, no. 1 (March 2004): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.7.1.4.

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Stangl, Paul. "The pedestrian route directness test: A new level-of-service model." URBAN DESIGN International 17, no. 3 (July 11, 2012): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/udi.2012.14.

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Jensen, Anders F., Thomas K. Rasmussen, and Carlo G. Prato. "A Route Choice Model for Capturing Driver Preferences When Driving Electric and Conventional Vehicles." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031149.

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Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) play an important role in the needed transition away from fossil fuels and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs). Although transport planning models and routing problem solutions exist for BEVs, the assumption that BEV drivers search for the shortest path while constraining energy consumption does not have any empirical basis. This study presents a study of actual route choice behavior of drivers from 107 Danish households participating in a large-scale experiment with BEVs and at the same time driving their ICEVs. GPS traces from 8968 BEV and 6678 ICEV routes were map matched to a detailed road network to construct observed routes, and a route choice model was specified and estimated to capture behavioral differences related to the vehicle type. The results reveal that drivers had a higher sensitivity to travel time and trip length when driving BEVs, and to route directness after receiving the BEV, regardless of vehicle type. The results suggest the need to revise the assumptions of transport planning models and routing problems for BEVs in order not to fail to predict what drivers will do by ignoring differences and similarities related to vehicle type.

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Khakbaz, Amir, Ali Shahandeh Nookabadi, and Seyyed Nader Shetab Boushehri. "URBAN BUS FLEET ROUTING IN TRANSPORTATION NETWORK EQUIPPED WITH PARK-AND-RIDE: A CASE STUDY OF BABOL, IRAN." Transport 32, no. 1 (March 5, 2017): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2017.1277551.

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Recently, most cities have tried to connect park-and-ride facilities with public transit vehicles. The present study aims to design urban bus routes in the transportation network equipped with park-and-ride. Seven important factors which affect the design of urban bus network are identified through the literature review. These factors include demand coverage, route directness, passengers’ satisfaction, minimum length of bus route, budget, use of existing bus routes and number of lines. In this article, by use of the mentioned factors, a new model is developed to determine the urban bus routes. The new model figures the routes with park-and-ride as origin and Central Business District (CBD) as destination, in such a manner that the covered demand is maximized. Our novel method is more effective than other options currently available. In fact, it uses the most important factors in designing urban bus routes. Furthermore, an efficient Genetic Algorithm (GA) based approach is represented to solve large-scale problems. Numerical results show the effectiveness of this approach. At last, the developed model is applied to design the urban bus routes in the transportation network of Babol (Iran).

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Scoppa, Martin, and Rim Anabtawi. "Connectivity in Superblock Street Networks: Measuring Distance, Directness, and the Diversity of Pedestrian Paths." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 13862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413862.

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Superblocks are a common urban development strategy used in cities of the United Arab Emirates and the larger Gulf region. In planning new neighborhoods, these cities utilize superblocks structured using various street network designs. Despite their key role in shaping its main transportation network, the connectivity of these designs has not been frequently studied. This paper addresses this research gap, analyzing ten different superblock designs, and focusing on their internal and external connectivity properties. Internal connectivity is studied by measuring connections between plots in the superblocks. External connectivity is measured from plots to the superblocks’ corners, the points from which to access surrounding areas. Connectivity is measured in terms of distance, directness, and route diversity. The results show that strong similarities exist across the studied designs, particularly in terms of travel distances. Differences are found in terms of efficiency and, most notably, route diversity. Findings are discussed in relation to walkability, the costs associated to each design given network length variations, and the importance of creating rich and diverse street systems that support open-ended exploration. While based on a sample of ideal cases and in need of validation with built cases, this paper outlines a method by which to evaluate and compare superblock network design alternatives.

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Campos-Sánchez, Francisco Sergio, Francisco Javier Abarca-Álvarez, Javier Molina-García, and Palma Chillón. "A GIS-Based Method for Analysing the Association Between School-Built Environment and Home-School Route Measures with Active Commuting to School in Urban Children and Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 29, 2020): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072295.

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In the current call for a greater human health and well-being as a sustainable development goal, to encourage active commuting to and from school (ACS) seems to be a key factor. Research focusing on the analysis of the association between environmental factors and ACS in children and adolescents has reported limited and inconclusive evidence, so more knowledge is needed about it. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between different built environmental factors of both school neighbourhood and home-school route with ACS of children and adolescents belonging to urban areas. The ACS level was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Built environment variables (i.e., density of residents, street connectivity and mixed land use) within a school catchment area and home-school route characteristics (i.e., distance and pedestrian route directness—PRD) were measured using a geographic information system (GIS) and examined together with ACS levels. Subsequently, the association between environmental factors and ACS was analysed by binary logistic regression. Several cut-off points of the route measures were explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In addition, the PRD was further studied regarding different thresholds. The results showed that 70.5% of the participants were active and there were significant associations between most environmental factors and ACS. Most participants walked to school when routes were short (distance variable in children: OR = 0.980; p = 0.038; and adolescents: OR = 0.866; p < 0.001) and partially direct (PRD variable in children: OR = 11.334; p < 0.001; and adolescents: OR = 3.513; p < 0.001), the latter specially for children. Mixed land uses (OR = 2.037; p < 0.001) and a high density of street intersections (OR = 1.640; p < 0.001) clearly encouraged adolescents walking and slightly discouraged children walking (OR = 0.657, p = 0.010; and OR = 0.692, p = 0.025, respectively). The assessment of ACS together with the environmental factors using GIS separately for children and adolescents can inform future friendly and sustainable communities.

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Anabtawi, Rim, and Martin Scoppa. "Measuring Street Network Efficiency and Block Sizes in Superblocks—Addressing the Gap between Policy and Practice." Buildings 12, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101686.

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This paper uses quantitative methods to evaluate the application of street connectivity policies stated by Abu Dhabi’s Urban Planning Council (UPC) on newly developed projects. The evaluation of the study was performed by measuring efficiency, i.e., how short and direct are paths between residential and nonresidential destinations to understand the ability of street networks to support sustainable transportation modes in the Capital District project. Efficiency is measured in twelve neighborhoods of the Capital District using Pedestrian Route Directness (PRD), a metric that meets Estidama—Abu Dhabi Green Rating System—walkability standards. Observation and analysis of the current stage of development show that more than 58% of the neighborhoods failed the route efficiency test to connect residential plots to one another. In addition, more than 40% of the neighborhood’s residential plots could not efficiently connect to nonresidential plots. The study includes recommendations for policymakers and project developers to enhance the street infrastructure to correlate with Estidama ratings by taking advantage of sikkak, the alleyways system that is found in other neighborhoods in the city. Significantly, recommendations are based on rigorous quantitative analyses that can be used for implementation in real-world projects, thus strengthening the connection between policy and practice.

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King, B. H., and M. A. Owen. "Post-Mating Changes in Restlessness, Speed and Route Directness in Males of the Parasitoid Wasp Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)." Journal of Insect Behavior 25, no. 4 (October 15, 2011): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10905-011-9300-x.

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Patchett, Robert, Alexander N. G. Kirschel, Joanna Robins King, Patrick Styles, and Will Cresswell. "Age-related changes in migratory behaviour within the first annual cycle of a passerine bird." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): e0273686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273686.

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First time migrants (juveniles hereafter) of many species migrate without specific knowledge of non-breeding locations, but experience may aid adults in timing and route decisions because they can migrate more efficiently to their previous non-breeding sites. Consequently, we expect a transition to more efficient migratory behaviour with age, but when and how this happens is little known. We used light-level geolocator data from Cyprus wheatears Oenanthe cypriaca to compare migration timing and route directness between juveniles and adults, and repeatability of their timing and non-breeding locations. We predicted that juveniles would depart and arrive later than adults for both autumn and spring migration; that duration of migration would be greater for juveniles; that routes taken by juveniles would be less direct than those for adults; and that autumn and spring departure timing, and non-breeding locations, would be more repeatable for adults between two years than for juveniles between their first and subsequent migration. We found that juveniles departed significantly later than adults in autumn but there was no difference in arrival timing, and although spring departure timings did not differ, juveniles arrived on the breeding grounds later than adults. Nevertheless, we found no significant age-related difference in the duration of migration in autumn or spring. Yet, juvenile migrations were less direct than those of adults in autumn, but not spring. We found evidence that spring departure timing and non-breeding locations were repeatable for adults but not juveniles. Our findings show that age-related changes in migratory behaviour begin to occur during the first annual cycle demonstrating the potential for early adaptation to environmental variability within an individual’s life.

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