Статті в журналах з теми "Rotary dispersant"
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Chen, Xiaoyan, Weizhi Huang, Bobing He, and Yafeng Zhang. "Synthesis and Application of Tackifying Dispersant Poly (Vinyl Alcohol-Acrylic Acid-Triallyl Cyanate)." Polymers 14, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030557.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present, the thickener market is relatively advanced. Only by imparting thickeners with new properties can they meet the needs of the current market. In this work, a new modified tackifying dispersant poly (vinyl alcohol-acrylic acid-triallyl cyanate) (PVA-AA-t) was prepared via alcoholysis of a random copolymer composed of vinyl acetate (VAc), acrylic acid (AA), and triallyl cyanate (TAC) by a one-step high-temperature solution polymerization in methanol, which was a relatively simple method. The structure of the polymer was characterized by FTIR and TG. FTIR proved the successful synthesis of PVA-AA-t, while TG showed the thermal stability of PVA-AA-t at around 100 °C. The excellent thickening properties of the PVA-AA-t were observed using a nano particle size analyzer and a rotary viscometer. The nano particle size analyzer showed that the PVA-AA-t particles swelled in water to nearly nine times their initial size. The rotary viscometer showed that the viscosity of PVA-AA-t in water increased significantly, while PVA-AA-t was sensitive to electrolytes and pH, which changed the polymer molecular chain from stretched to curled, resulting in a decrease in viscosity. In addition, the dispersion properties of PVA-AA-t and a common thickener as graphene (Gr) dispersants were compared. The results indicate that PVA-AA-t has very good compatibility with Gr, and can effectively disperse Gr, because of the introduction of weak polar molecules (VAc) to the polymer molecules, changing their polarity, meaning that it is possible to use PVA-AA-t in the dispersion of Gr and other industrial applications (such as conductive textile materials, Gr batteries, etc.) derived from it.
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Coelho, Alexander, Luke Schenck, Gulenay Guner, Ashish Punia, and Ecevit Bilgili. "A Combined Isolation and Formulation Approach to Convert Nanomilled Suspensions into High Drug-Loaded Composite Particles That Readily Reconstitute." Powders 1, no. 2 (May 3, 2022): 88–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders1020008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The advantage of nanoparticles to improve bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs is well known. However, the higher-energy state of nanoparticles beneficial for bioavailability presents challenges for both the stability of nanosuspensions and preventing irreversible aggregation if isolated as dry solids. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of an evaporation isolation route for converting wet media milled nanosuspensions into high drug-loaded nanocomposites that exhibit fast redispersion in aqueous media, ideally fully restoring the particle size distribution of the starting suspension. Optimization of this approach is presented, starting from nanomilling conditions and formulation composition to achieve physical stability post milling, followed by novel evaporative drying conditions coupled with various dispersant types/loadings. Ultimately, isolated nanocomposite particles reaching 55–75% drug load were achieved, which delivered fast redispersion and immediate release of nanoparticles when the rotary evaporator drying approach was coupled with higher concentration of hydrophilic polymers/excipients. This bench-scale rotary evaporation approach serves to identify optimal nanoparticle compositions and has a line of sight to larger scale evaporative isolation processes for preparation of solid nanocomposites particles.
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Clark, James, Ken Becker, and Richard Lessard. "MAINTAINING DISPERSANT STOCKPILES AND ASSESSING THEIR QUALITY." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Ensuring the capability to mount a rapid and effective dispersant response when needed for an oil spill includes a proactive approach to manage dispersant stockpiles in such a way as to ensure that the quality of the product has not deteriorated over time. This includes 1) storage strategies that minimize potential adverse impacts of environmental elements (heat, cold, and humidity) on the chemical products and on their containers, 2) considerations to check the integrity of storage containers on a regular basis to ensure there is no loss of volatiles or introduction of water vapors (or endeavor to keep these processes to absolute minimums); 3) development and execution of a plan to rotate stock and use up older batches of product during response operations before mobilizing newer product; and 4) design and execution of a rational plan to sample the stored products on a logical and systematic schedule and have them analyzed for chemical quality and effectiveness. This paper provides guidance on approaches to address these 4 areas using information from dispersant manufacturers, response organizations that manage dispersant stockpiles, and results of testing for chemical quality and effectiveness completed for dispersant samples taken from various U.S. stockpiles of Corexit 9527. These data demonstrate that where recommended practices have been followed to ensure quality storage of the dispersants, batches of Corexit that have been held for over 30 years can remain acceptable for spill response contingencies. The recommended stockpile storage and management practices will also be effective in prolonging the useful life of other dispersant products; however their effective shelf life must be determined individually due to differences in the chemical composition of various product lines.
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Li, Zhi Miao, Ju Bao Liu, Min Luo, and Qiang Zhang. "Dynamic Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study of Rotating Column in Cylinder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.453.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rotary slender column in cylinder is a special structure in oil engineering. It contacts with outer cylinder and interacts with its inner pipe fluid and outer annular fluid. A partitioned coupling model was founded by dispersing slender column into beam element, dividing fluid domain into some sections, dispersing fluid section into hexahedron unit and transfer method of the information of coupling interface was described. Dynamics experimental device of column-liquid interaction was built to do column rotating test with considering the displacement and force boundary conditions of rotating column and testing axial excitation force of bottom column, axial acceleration of head column, transverse displacement of columns and collision and contact forces between inner columns and outer pipeline. The maximum absolute error between experimental results and numerical results is 0.31mm and this research provides the methods of numerical simulation and experimental study.
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Zhang, Yong Di, Bin Zhang, Yan Fang Yue, and Guang Yang. "Manufacturing Process of EP Matrix Composite Rapid Injection Mold and Application Case." Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (December 2014): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.460.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prototype can be produced from RP(Rapid Prototyping) technology directly by 3D data model, by dispersing and accumulating layer by layer principle, so the new product development cycle can be shortened greatly. RT (Rapid Tooling) technology is a new method and technology for rapid manufacturing mold, which is developed from RP technology. In this research, a rotary switch prototype was produced by laser stereolithography (SL) technology. Using the prototype as master pattern , a injection mold was made by metal casting method , using the composite composed of epoxy resin E51, aluminum powder, quartz powder , graphite and others, the manufacturing process was described in detail, and the ABS samples were successfully obtained through trial production in the injection molding machine.
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Zhang, Honghui, Zhiyuan Zou, Seung-Bok Choi, and Xu Yang. "Active dispersing mechanism for settled magnetorheological fluid featuring with rotary blades and inductive coils in twin-tube damper." Smart Materials and Structures 30, no. 6 (April 27, 2021): 067001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/abf754.
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Wilson, AGL, LA Harper, and H. Baker. "Evaluation of insecticide residues and droplet drift following aerial application to cotton in New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, no. 2 (1986): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9860237.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a study to determine the extent of off target drift from aerial spraying, insecticides were applied to cotton crops in various strengths of crosswind by an aircraft fitted with rotary atomizers. Both water-based and oil-based sprays were applied, at 20 and 2 litres/ha respectively. Compared with the mean insecticide deposit across a 16-m target swath, in seven runs, the mean recoveries of insecticide 15, 165 and 3 15 m downwind from the edge of the swath were 6.8, 0.13 and 0.002% respectively. Deposition on plants was nearly twice that on the ground, but the proportional decline downwind was similar. Counts of droplets deposited on paper targets fixed to masts showed that the dispersing cloud of water-based spray contracted more rapidly than did that of the oil-based spray, probably because of greater evaporation of the former. The results indicate that a 300-m wide buffer zone between target crops and areas susceptible to contamination should be adequate under most conditions.
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Teske, Milton E., Daniel A. Wachspress, and Harold W. Thistle. "Prediction of Aerial Spray Release from UAVs." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 3 (2018): 909–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12701.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. This article summarizes the ability of CHARM+AGDISP to predict the drift and deposition of sprays released from rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This predictive capability results from merging algorithms for spray transport, as found in AGDISP (AGricultural DISPersal), with CHARM (Comprehensive Hierarchical Aeromechanics Rotorcraft Model). The resulting software tracks the release of spray droplets from nozzles on the UAV to deposition on the ground. To date, both AGDISP and CHARM, a code that provides a complete representation of the time-varying, unsteady flow field surrounding a helicopter during transient maneuvering flight near the ground, have been extensively validated. The CHARM+AGDISP software is applied to two UAVs to explore the flow field regimes that present challenges for effective UAV operations. The simulations undertaken indicate flight conditions that yield acceptable deposition levels and minimize drift; inversely, conditions are also identified that result in off-target drift that may be problematic. Keywords: Aerial application, AGDISP, CHARM, Helicopter modeling, Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
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Lampert, E. P. "Control of Green Peach Aphids with Side-Dress Applications of Temik, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.256.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract On 4 May tobacco was transplanted into plots 30 ft (17 plants) x 15 ft (4 rows–42 inches on center) in a field of Norfolk and Appling loamy sand soil at the Central Crops Research Station, Clayton, NC. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with 3 reps. On 7 Jun treatments were applied with a Noble granular applicator mounted on a John Deere Hi-Cycle 600. The granule dispersing fan on each hopper was replaced with a 2 inch dia hose which extended to the soil surface. This resulted in a narrow band adjacent to the plant. Within 1 h after application, all treatments were incorporated with a rotary tiller and ridged. Once a week, the topmost 6-inch leaf on 5 consecutive plants in both center rows were examined; all green peach aphids were counted and recorded. All plants in both center rows were also counted and examined for aphid colonies. Prior to analysis of variance, the proportion of aphid colonized plants were subjected to the arcsin-square root transformation.
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Winters, Harvey, Hong Gay Eu, Sheng Li, Alla Alpatova, Abdullah H. Alshahri, Nasreen Nasar, and Noreddine Ghaffour. "Biofouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes caused by dispersal of planktonic particulate bacterial aggregates (protobiofilms) from rotary energy recovery devices." Desalination 529 (May 2022): 115647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2022.115647.
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Jwo, Ching Song, Lung Yue Jeng, Ho Chang, and Sih Li Chen. "Research of Vacuum Pump with Nano-Lubricant." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.867.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study used the Al2O3 nano-lubricant produced from the direct synthesis method was used as the experimental samples and the ultrasonic vibration was used for dispersing the nanoparticles into three types of the weight fraction (0.1, 0.2, 0.3%wt). The base solvent was the lubricant of vacuum pump. The objectives of this study were to discuss the dependence of operating temperature of vacuum pump under the various weight fraction of Al2O3 nanoparticles. In this experiment we added Al2O3 nano-lubricant into the direct drive oil sealed rotary vacuum pump, and used the thermocouple measure the temperature on the four test points (cylinder, in-lubricant, case of vacuum pump and discharge pipeline). The results show that the cylinder temperature was reduced by 1.3% and increased by 0.4%, 1.8%, the lubricant temperature was increased by 5.3%, 0.5% and 1.9%, the case surface temperature was reduced by 1.7%, 1.4% and 1.5%, and discharge pipeline temperature was reduced by 0.6%, 2.1% and 3.8% respectively when the sample fractions were 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%wt. From the results, it could be realized that the nano-lubricant has more effects on increasing the performance of heat sink than conventional lubricant.
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Bérubé, Jean A., Amélie Potvin, and Donald Stewart. "Importance of local and long-distance Heterobasidion irregulare aerial basidiospore dispersal for future infection centres in thinned red pine plantations in Quebec." Forestry Chronicle 93, no. 03 (October 2017): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2017-032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Heterobasidion irregulare is a basidiomyceteous forest pathogenic fungus which causes a root disease capable of killing large trees. Infection probability is proportional to the density of aerial basidiospores infecting freshly cut stumps. The purpose of this study was to quantify for the first time H. irregulare aerial basidiospore density in southern Québec and to determine the importance of a local basidiospore load from a nearby infested plantation. Spore counts from automated rotary arm spore collectors were assayed using a ribosomal ITS TaqMan real-time PCR detection assay. Cumulative basidiospore deposits on a 30-cm stump were estimated to be highest in the infected plantation with 2.37 basidiospores per stump, with decreasing count of 0.52 basidiospores at a 500-m distance and 0.46 basidiospores at a 1.5-km distance. At 5 km from the infected plantation, the number of basidiospores deposited on a stump was 0.22, a value similar to those at distances of 25 and 140 km. Since a single Heterobasidion basidiospore may travel as far as 500 km, the level detected at 5 km may represent the background basidiospore load resulting from long-distance dispersal, and basidiospores from a nearby infected plantation are unlikely to be an added risk of infection to plantations located more than 5 km away. Long distance aerial basidiospore dispersal will remain for now the most important constant source of infectious H. irregulare in Québec. Despite the very low risk level per stump in this study, the large number of trees thinned annually warrants that stump treatment with Rotstop® C is still the best strategy, especially in valuable plantations.
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Messina, S. "Evidence from stellar rotation for early disc dispersal owing to close companions." Astronomy & Astrophysics 627 (July 2019): A97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834681.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context. Young (≲600 Myr) low-mass stars (M ≲ 1 M⊙) of equal mass exhibit a distribution of rotation periods. At the very early phases of stellar evolution, this distribution is set by the star-disc locking mechanism, which forces stars to rotate at the same rate as the inner edge of the disc. The primordial disc lifetime and consequently the duration of the disc-locking mechanism, can be significantly shortened by the presence of a close companion, making the rotation period distribution of close binaries different from that of either single stars or wide binaries. Aims. We use new data to investigate and better constrain the range of ages, the components separation, and the mass ratio dependence at which the rotation period distribution has been significantly affected by the disc dispersal that is enhanced by close companions. Methods. We select a sample of close binaries in the Upper Scorpius association (age ∼8 Myr) whose components have measured the separation and the rotation periods and compare their period distribution with that of coeval stars that are single stars. Results. We find that components of close binaries have, on average, rotation periods that are shorter than those of single stars. More precisely, binaries with approximately equal-mass components (0.9 ≤ M2/M1 ≤ 1.0) have rotation periods that are shorter than those of single stars by ∼0.4 d on average; the primary and secondary components of binaries with smaller mass ratios (0.8 < M2/M1 < 0.9) have rotation periods that are shorter than those of single stars by ∼1.9 d and ∼1.0 d on average, respectively. A comparison with the older 25 Myr β Pictoris association shows that whereas in the latter, all close binaries with projected separation ρ ≤ 80 AU rotate faster than single stars, in the Upper Scorpius this is only the case for about 70% of stars. Conclusions. We interpret the enhanced rotation in close binaries with respect to single stars as the consequence of an early disc dispersal induced by the presence of close companions. The enhanced rotation suggests that disc dispersal timescales are longest for single stars and shorter for close binaries.
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Bennett, Ryan C., Chris Brough, Dave A. Miller, Kevin P. O’Donnell, Justin M. Keen, Justin R. Hughey, Robert O. Williams, and James W. McGinity. "Preparation of amorphous solid dispersions by rotary evaporation and KinetiSol Dispersing: approaches to enhance solubility of a poorly water-soluble gum extract." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 41, no. 3 (December 16, 2013): 382–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2013.866142.
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Thompson, Dean, Jeff Leach, Martin Noel, Sonya Odsen, and Milo Mihajlovich. "Aerial forest herbicide application: Comparative assessment of risk mitigation strategies in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 88, no. 02 (April 2012): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Herbicide use in forest management is subject to controversy due to potential risks to human and environmental health. Provinces with substantial forest herbicide use are the focus of this comparative assessment of risk mitigation strategies for aerial application of forestry herbicides. This paper explores risk mitigation procedures surrounding treatment prescriptions, herbicide planning and permitting, and operational treatment, against a background of legislative and regulatory requirements. The three major-use provinces have similarly high levels of risk mitigation, including detailed herbicide application plan requirements, use of electronic guidance systems, buffering of environmental sensitivities, pre-spray reconnaissance flights and post-spray auditing. Notable differences include standardizing use of rotary-wing aircraft, use of low-drift nozzles, the rigor applied to aircraft calibration and use of block monitors for detailed meteorological monitoring. These techniques are generally unique to Alberta and are considered best management practices. The routine use of validated aerial dispersal and expert decision support systems (e.g., AgDisp, SprayAdvisor) is recommended, as it could provide significant added value to generic and spatially explicit risk mitigation with multiple applications. It is the opinion of the authors that aerial herbicide applications as performed in all three major-use jurisdictions are highly protective of human and environmental health.
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Duan, Hai Ting, Qing Lin Hou, and Yue Jin Liu. "Study of Uniform Design in the Optimizing Preparation Technology of the Rutile Titanium Dioxide Ternary Inorganic Coated." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.122.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper researched the inorganic coated the rutile titanium dioxide process, a new inorganic coating (The rutile titanium dioxide ternary Inorganic coated were prepared by sol-gel method). The regression equation and the optimum conditions are founded by uniform design and the systemetical research of various factors on the properties of the rutile titanium dioxide ternary Inorganic Coated. Effect of The rutile titanium dioxide ternary Inorganic coated were characterized by nanoZS, Fourier infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR) with NH3 as atom probe, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optimized formula of preparing the rutile titanium dioxide ternary inorganic coated is that the dispersant of 0.20%, the ZrO2 content of 0.6%, the SiO2 content of 3.0%, the Al2O3 content of 1.6%, the rotate speed of 340r/min when system temperature was 60°C-65°C, the seriflux concentration was 300g/L, the PH of the coated ZrO2 was 8.5-9.0, the PH of the coated SiO2 was 9.5-10.0, the PH of the coated Al2O3 was 6.0-6.5.
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AGRA, MARIA DE FÁTIMA, and JOÃO RENATO STEHMANN. "A new species of Solanum subg. Leptostemonum (Solanaceae) from the southern Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil." Phytotaxa 288, no. 3 (December 16, 2016): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.288.3.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Solanum mellobarretoi, a new species of Solanum subg. Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), is described and illustrated. It is endemic to Brazil and restricted to the southern Espinhaço Range in the State of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Solanum mellobarretoi is morphologically related to S. leptostachys Dunal, from which it differs by its irregularly lobed lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves, irregularly lobed, ovate to lanceolate calyx lobes, larger flowers, and pentagonal rotate corolla with cuspidate lobes. Although known in other groups of Solanum, the explosive seed dispersal mechanism found in this species is described here for the first time for the spiny solanums. The affinities with S. leptostachys, geographic distribution, ecology and conservation status of S. mellobarretoi are discussed.
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Sirenko, O. G., O. M. Lisova, S. M. Makhno, G. M. Gunya, N. V. Vituk, and P. P. Gorbyk. "Electrophysical properties of composites based on epoxy resin and carbon fillers." Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp12.02.104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polymeric construction materials based on epoxy resin, carbon fillers, such as graphene nanoplates (GNP), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and fillers of inorganic nature – perlite, vermiculite, sand with improved electrophysical characteristics have been developed. The electrophysical propertieгs of composites obtained in various ways which differ according to the principle of injecting components have been investigated. GNP were obtained in two ways. Size distribution of GNP obtained by electrochemical method is 50 to 150 nm. The average particle size is up to 100 nm. It occurs that these particles tend to aggregate as it is shown by the method of dynamic light scattering. The GNP obtained by dispersing thermally expanded graphite in water in a rotary homogenizer have a particle size distribution of 400 to 800 nm if very small particles and large aggregates are absent. The second method of obtaining GNP is less energy consuming and requires fewer manufacturing cycles, so it is more cost-effective. Obtaining composites using aqueous suspensions of GNP is environmentally friendly. Due to the hydrophobic properties of its surface the electrical conductivity of the system which uses vermiculite is higher than one of that which uses perlite for composites with CNT and GNP. It has been found that the difference of electrophysical characteristics between two systems which contain the same amount of carbon filler is caused by the nature of the surface of dielectric components – sand. By changing the content of dielectric ingredients can expand the functionality of composites if use them for shielding from electromagnetic fields.
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Schaefer, G. W., G. A. Bent, and K. Allsopp. "Radar and opto-electronic measurements of the effectiveness of Rothamsted Insect Survey suction traps." Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, no. 4 (December 1985): 701–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300015960.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractRadar methods have been extended to measure the aerial density of small insects. Results obtained during an outbreak of the cereal aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) in south-eastern England were compared with simultaneous suction trap catches to study the sensitivity of trap effectiveness to windspeed. Two traps were studied: the Rothamsted Insect Survey trap (12·2-m) and a standard aerofoil trap. The Survey trap effectiveness is moderately sensitive to windspeed, decreasing exponentially by a factor of two for each 2·4 m/s (5 knots) of average windspeed. The two trap sensitivities did not differ significantly, but both results are very significantly different (P>0·001) from the published predictions, which were based upon a comparison of catches from suction traps and a combination of a rotary (whirligig) net and a tow net. These differences are discussed. The average catching rate is about 40% of that of an ideal trap. Seven-day catches could vary by a factor of 0·5—2·0 from average due to prolonged periods of extra strong or light winds. Systematic windspeed gradients can corrupt suction trap studies of insect dispersal in relation to vertical density profiles, diurnal flight patterns and geographical distribution. Absolute calibration of the aerofoil trap was achieved by using the remote-sensing IRADIT infra-red system to measure the aerial density of aphid-size insects near to the trap inlet in very light winds; the effectiveness was not statistically different from unity, and the Survey trap is expected to perform similarly.
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Gordeeva, I. V., Yu A. Naumova, T. V. Dudareva, I. A. Krasotkina, and V. G. Nikol'skiy. "COMPOSITE MODIFICATOR OF ASPHALT-CONCRETE OBTAINED BY THE METHOD OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SHEAR-INDUCED GRINDING OF CRUMB RUBBER AND SBS THERMOELASTOPLAST." Fine Chemical Technologies 13, no. 5 (October 28, 2018): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2018-13-5-38-48.
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The mandatory requirement for creating high-quality asphalt concrete is the modification of the bituminous binder. Either polymers, typically SBS, or crushed vulcanizates are usually used as modifiers. Using the polymer modifier has a number of disadvantages: the poor compatibility of polymers with bitumen, the stratification of the modified binder during transportation and storage, the coalescence of the dispersed phase particles at the coating laying temperatures. The use of crushed vulcanizate as a modifier is limited due to the complexity of obtaining a particle with a micro-size and complex surface organization. By now a binary mixed powder "Polyepor-RP" based on rubber crumb and butadiene-styrene thermoplastic elastomer has been developed and obtained. It combines the advantages of both types of initial constituents and eliminates their shortcomings. The hybrid modifier is obtained by the method of high-temperature shear grinding. In addition, thanks to the use of modern rotary dispersants, the resulting hybrid modifier can be introduced into the asphalt mixture by uniformly loading it into the mixer at the closing stage of mixing, bypassing the long and energy-consuming stage of preparing the modified bituminous binder. The paper describes the comparative analysis of the rheological properties of four types of asphalt binders in accordance with the American testing system "SuperРave": unmodified bitumen of BND 60/90 grade; polymer-bitumen binder; bitumen modified with active rubber powder brand "Polyepor-A" and active binary powder brand "Polyepor-RP". It is established that the introduction of modifiers "Polyepor-A" and "Polyepor-RP" increases the resistance of asphalt pavement to the formation of ruts and increases the resistance to fatigue cracking. The introduction of the butadiene-styrene thermoplastic elastomer into bitumen has a positive effect only on the resistance to rutting. Using a hybrid modifier it is possible to obtain a rubberpolymer binder characterized by higher stability, resistant to delamination and phase separation, which will increase the durability of coatings
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Sinha, Tirthendu, Saurabh Sharma, A. K. Pandey, R. K. Yadav, K. Ogura, N. Matsunaga, N. Kobayashi, P. S. Bisht, R. Pandey, and A. Ghosh. "Variable stars in the Sh 2-170 H ii region." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 1 (January 25, 2020): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa206.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT We present multi-epoch deep (∼20 mag) Ic-band photometric monitoring of the Sh 2-170 star-forming region to understand the variability properties of pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars. We report identification of 47 periodic and 24 non-periodic variable stars with periods and amplitudes ranging from ∼4 h to 18 d and from ∼0.1 to 2.0 mag, respectively. We have further classified 49 variables as PMS stars (17 Class ii and 32 Class iii) and 17 as main-sequence (MS)/field star variables. A larger fraction of MS/field variables (88 per cent) show periodic variability as compared to the PMS variables (59 per cent). The ages and masses of the PMS variable stars are found to be comparable with those of T-Tauri stars. Their variability amplitudes show an increasing trend with the near-IR/mid-IR excess. The period distribution of the PMS variables shows two peaks, one near ∼1.5 d and the other near ∼4.5 d. It is found that the younger stars with thicker discs and envelopes seem to rotate slower than their older counterparts. These properties of the PMS variables support the disc-locking mechanism. Both the period and amplitude of PMS stars show decrease with increasing mass probably due to the effective dispersal of circumstellar discs in massive stars. Our results favour the notion that cool spots on weak line T-Tauri stars are responsible for most of their variations, while hot spots on classical T-Tauri stars resulting from variable mass accretion from an inner disc contribute to their larger amplitudes and irregular behaviours.
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T. Pandkar, Jogita. "Water vapor formation causing reversible aerodynamic effect on the distribution of aero-algal forms." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.1.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aerodynamic is a branch which deals with the study of takeoff and passive transport mechanism of bio-particles with the help of physical and mathematical modules. But there is not a single report on the aero-dynamic study with respect to manipulated meteorological condition. Nagpur being hottest during summer month, the frequency of using air coolers is very high. An air cooler is a device which evaporates water with the help of fan to bring down room temperatures which results into increase in room humidity very much. To study the effect of humidity on the distribution and occurrence of aero algal forms sampling was carried out at three different sites, fitted with air cooler, from April- Mid May, using Rotarod sampler. Total 84 algal forms were recorded from 46 samples collected from three different sites. Cyanophyta was found to be dominant, followed by Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta respectively. Trentipholia is found to be dominant algal forms followed by Chroococcos, Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Chlorella & Euglena respectively. Forms such as Chroococcidiopsis, Merismopedia, Aphanocapsa, Gleocapsa, Phormidium, Hormidium & Pinnularia were recorded in equal proportion. Forms such as Chlorella, Microcystis, Phormidium & Hormidium reported to be allergenic has been encountered. Irrespective of dry environmental condition with high temperature and low humidity (the condition considered to be favourable for dispersal of aero-algal forms, resulting into high concentration of air-borne algal flora) during sampling period, at all the three sites, minimum number of aero-algal forms were encountered due to increased humidity at the sampling sites. This can be due to manipulated micrometeorological conditions resulting into reversible aerodynamic effect on the aero- algal forms. Humidity of room air is increased by releasing water droplets in the atmosphere which act as a mode of reversible dispersion of aero-algal forms from higher level to the ground level, resulting into reduction in aero-algal counts at human breathing level. This finding, if experimented further with aero-algal and other bio-particles, can be good news for allergy patients.
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Niemeier, Ulrike, Felix Riede, and Claudia Timmreck. "Simulation of ash clouds after a Laacher See-type eruption." Climate of the Past 17, no. 2 (March 11, 2021): 633–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-633-2021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Dated to approximately 13 000 years ago, the Laacher See (East Eifel volcanic zone) eruption was one of the largest midlatitude Northern Hemisphere volcanic events of the Late Pleistocene. This eruptive event not only impacted local environments and human communities but probably also affected Northern Hemispheric climate. To better understand the impact of a Laacher See-type eruption on NH circulation and climate, we have simulated the evolution of its fine ash and sulfur cloud with an interactive stratospheric aerosol model. Our experiments are based around a central estimate for the Laacher See aerosol cloud of 15 Tg of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and 150 Tg of fine ash, across the main eruptive phases in May and a smaller one in June with 5 Tg SO2 and 50 Tg of fine ash. Additional sensitivity experiments reflect the estimated range of uncertainty of the injection rate and altitude and assess how the solar-absorptive heating from the fine ash emitted in the first eruptive phase changed the volcanic clouds' dispersion. The chosen eruption dates were determined by the stratospheric wind fields to reflect the empirically observed ash lobes as derived from geological, paleoecological and archeological evidence linked directly to the prehistoric Laacher See eruption. Whilst our simulations are based on present-day conditions, and we do not seek to replicate the climate conditions that prevailed 13 000 years ago, we consider our experimental design to be a reasonable approximation of the transport pathways in the midlatitude stratosphere at this time of year. Our simulations suggest that the heating of the ash plays an important role for the transport of ash and sulfate. Depending on the altitude of the injection, the simulated volcanic cloud begins to rotate 1 to 3 d after the eruption. This mesocyclone, as well as the additional radiative heating of the fine ash, then changes the dispersion of the cloud itself to be more southward compared to dispersal estimated without fine ash heating. This ash-cloud-generated southerly migration process may at least partially explain why, as yet, no Laacher See tephra has been found in Greenland ice cores. Sulfate transport is similarly impacted by the heating of the ash, resulting in stronger transport to low latitudes, later arrival of the volcanic cloud in the Arctic regions and a longer lifetime compared to cases without injection of fine ash. Our study offers new insights into the dispersion of volcanic clouds in midlatitudes and addresses a likely behavior of the ash cloud of the Laacher See eruption that darkened European skies at the end of the Pleistocene. In turn, this study can also serve as significant input for scenarios that consider the risks associated with re-awakened volcanism in the Eifel.
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Saad, Nor Hayati, Abdul Rahim M. Sahab, M. Moza M. Mohtar, Farrahshaida M. Salleh, Izdihar Tharazi, and Juri Saedon. "FORMATION OF HOLLOW SHAPE PORCELAIN BY USING A NEW INTEGRATED SLIP ROTARY MOULDING TECHNIQUE." Jurnal Teknologi 76, no. 6 (September 29, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v76.5673.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hollow ceramic product is fabricated generally using slip casting technique. The conventional processes produce slip and mould waste which require for disposal schedule. A rotary moulding technique is a feasible process for producing hollow shape ceramic product and eliminates the waste. This paper focuses formulation of the slip and process parameters of the rotary moulding for hollow ceramic product fabrication. The formulated ceramic slip is poured inside the mould rotated at 2-axis system inside a controlled chamber with specific temperature, speed and time for producing green body hollow ceramic product. This process uses minimum amount of ceramic slip and long lasting mould material which will reduce ceramic waste to environment and simplify the manufacturing process for mass production. Using small amount of polymer based dispersant and coagulant agents, experimental analysis resulted the green hollow porcelain product which was successfully removed during de-moulding process without any breaks. The hollow product produces homogeneous forms of ceramic structure after firing procedure and 1.9 MPa green strength with addition of small amount of binder.
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Zhao, Yi M., Ji B. Hu, and Chao Wei. "Dynamic Analysis of Spiral-Groove Rotary Seal Ring for Wet Clutches." Journal of Tribology 136, no. 3 (May 14, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4027548.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A tribo-dynamic model of a spiral-groove rotary seal ring is developed through coupling lubrication and dynamic equations. Effects of centrifugation, hydrodynamics, cavitation, and asperity contact are considered. To represent real rough surfaces, asperity contact is described by a statistics-based model. A global time marching scheme is developed to obtain the motion of seal ring and key parameters such as bearing force, friction torque, and leakage rate. Dynamic behaviors and seal characteristics of spiral-groove rotary seal ring under real and step change oil filling conditions are analyzed. The result shows that the rotary seal ring operates steadily under real conditions and has fast and stable step response. It is also indicated that the seal ring can achieve full film lubrication under high speed conditions through the oil filling and dispersing stage. The steady lubrication performance is experimentally validated.
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Sergis, A., W. G. Wade, J. E. Gallagher, A. P. Morrell, S. Patel, C. M. Dickinson, N. Nizarali, et al. "Mechanisms of Atomization from Rotary Dental Instruments and Its Mitigation." Journal of Dental Research, December 16, 2020, 002203452097964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520979644.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since the onset of coronavirus disease 2019, the potential risk of dental procedural generated spray emissions (including aerosols and splatters), for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission, has challenged care providers and policy makers alike. New studies have described the production and dissemination of sprays during simulated dental procedures, but findings lack generalizability beyond their measurements setting. This study aims to describe the fundamental mechanisms associated with spray production from rotary dental instrumentation with particular focus on what are currently considered high-risk components—namely, the production of small droplets that may remain suspended in the room environment for extended periods and the dispersal of high-velocity droplets resulting in formites at distant surfaces. Procedural sprays were parametrically studied with variables including rotation speed, burr-to-tooth contact, and coolant premisting modified and visualized using high-speed imaging and broadband or monochromatic laser light–sheet illumination. Droplet velocities were estimated and probability density maps for all laser illuminated sprays generated. The impact of varying the coolant parameters on heating during instrumentation was considered. Complex structured sprays were produced by water-cooled rotary instruments, which, in the worst case of an air turbine, included droplet projection speeds in excess of 12 m/s and the formation of millions of small droplets that may remain suspended. Elimination of premisting (mixing of coolant water and air prior to burr contact) resulted in a significant reduction in small droplets, but radial atomization may still occur and is modified by burr-to-tooth contact. Spatial probability distribution mapping identified a threshold for rotation speeds for radial atomization between 80,000 and 100,000 rpm. In this operatory mode, cutting efficiency is reduced but sufficient coolant effectiveness appears to be maintained. Multiple mechanisms for atomization of fluids from rotatory instrumentation exist, but parameters can be controlled to modify key spray characteristics during the current crisis.