Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rosa x damascena"

Four different solvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol, petroleum ether, and hexane, were used for the multistage solvent extraction of rose concrete oil from the aromatic plant species of Rosa x damascena. The components present in the concrete oils were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. After the multistage solvent extraction process, the solvent was removed by using a rotary vacuum evaporator. Methyl alpha d-glucopyranoside, 5-hydroxy methyl furfural, 2,3-butanediol, and ethyl-d glucopyranoside were the major components identified using ethyl acetate ethanol, hexane, and petroleum ether as a solvent, respectively. The phenyl ethyl alcohol and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural were identified as the repeated components in all four solvents. The solvent ethanol showed a different composition when compared to the other three solvents. A high yield was obtained when ethanol was used as a solvent. The type of solvent used significantly impacts the compositions of the concrete oil of Rosa x damascena.

Rosa x damascena Herrm. represents one of the most popular and important plants of the Rosaceae family. For ages, rose oil, rose water and extracts from its flowers were used in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, and medicine due to diverse pharmacological efficacy. Nowadays, special attention is paid to the valorization of wastes from the rose oil industry in order to fully recover potent biologically active compounds. The present study describes in detail the microstructural features of the flower petals and provides data on chemical composition and biological potency of the aqueous extract of rose oil waste from the R. damascena Georgian cultivar. Up to 25 constituents were detected by HPLC-MS in the extract, and the content of total flavonoids in the extract reaches 2.29%. Amongst them hyperoside is dominating, which content is not less than 1%. Pharmacological evaluation of the extract on "Hot plate" and carrageenan-induced oedema models in mice revealed analgesic (42%) and anti-inflammatory (67%) effects of the extract. As well, the extract revealed antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) strain (IC50 =20.31 µg/mL)

The present study reports the development of a DNA marker tightly linked to the double flower (DF) phenotype in R. × damascena, suitable for marker assisted breeding. The development of this marker is based on previous identification of genome region associated with the DF phenotype in R. × damascena and recent studies demonstrating involvement of the AP2/TOE gene in the formation of DF in several species from the Rosaceae family. We identified a polymorphic region named RdDF upstream of the AP2/TOE gene in R. × damascena and used the sequence data for designing PCR primers. Segregation analysis of the four alleles of RdDF in a population of 104 plants obtained after self-pollination of R. × damascena showed that one of the alleles (RdDF-B, 203 bp) is tightly linked to the DF phenotype. Analysis of the segregation of two SSR markers located at a distance of approximately 1578 kb and 1129 kb on both sides of RdDF, showed that walking away from the developed RdDF marker results in the observation of simple flower recombinant plants, supporting association of RdDF with the DF phenotype. The application of the developed RdDF marker for marker assisted selection (MAS) and breeding programmes involving R. × damascena, as well as further study of the molecular base of DF formation in this species are discussed.

Among Rosaceae family's most popular and important plants Rosa x damascena Herrm. holds one of the top places due to its centuries-long application in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy and medicine. Despite this, the chemical and pharmacological study of different products obtained from R. damascena still does not lose its relevance. Currently, considerable attention is paid to the valorization of the waste from rose oil production in order to fully utilize valuable physiologically active constituents. The present study provides data on some pharmacological properties of the aqueous extract of rose oil waste from the R. damascena cultivated in Georgia. In particular, evaluation of gastro- and hepatoprotective activity of the aforesaid extract has been carried out in animal models and revealed its efficacy. The extract appeared to dose dependently stimulate leucopoiesis (up to 75%) and prevent ethanol-induced gastric injury (20-80%). As well, the extract ameliorated hepatoxic effects of carbon tetrachloride by 63%.

<p class="042abstractstekst">Miniature potted rose<em> </em>and Damask rose are important commercial plant cultivars in ornamental horticulture. Root suckers are common rose propagation method, but it is slow and seasonally dependent. In this survey, the propagation of nodal explants of these two species was studied through <em>in vitro</em> regeneration system. 16 and 24 different media were used for study of shoot and root regeneration respectively. The axillary buds were sprouted earlier in miniature rose<em> </em>than <em>R. damascena</em>. Shoot induction and proliferation (shoot ramification and growth) were observed 5 and 17 days after planting in miniature rose<em> </em>and 16 and 38 days in <em>R. damascena</em> respectively. The highest shoot proliferation obtained in media 3 and 7 in miniature rose, and medium 16 for <em>R. damascena</em>. These three media were recorded as optimal media with 100 % shoot proliferation. In these media, root initiation and growth of miniature rose<em> </em>(respectively after 78 and 92 days) was earlier than Damask rose<em> </em>(respectively 125 and 138 days). The successful rooting occurred in three and two media for miniature and Damask rose respectively. Rooting frequency was higher in the half strength MS liquid media than the others. Thus, cultivar potted rose<em> </em>as a modern species is propagated easier than old rose (<em>R. damascena</em>).</p>

The present work aims to evaluate Rosa x damascena Herrm. and Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér. essential oils, and the major constituent geraniol for their in vitro and in silico inhibitory activities against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), cyclooxygenase (COX), acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE), and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2) enzymes. Geraniol most potently inhibited the ACE2 relative to other enzymes. R. damascena essential oil moderately inhibited the cancer cell lines with no toxic effects on healthy HEK 293 cells. P. graveolens essential oil inhibited a number of cancer cell lines including A549, MCF7, PC3, and HEK 293 that are reported here for the first time. The molecular docking of geraniol with the target enzymes revealed that it binds to the active sites similar to that of known drugs. Geraniol carries the potential for further drug development due to its drug-like binding mode for the target enzymes. Our work confirms that these essential oils possess similar biological activities due to their similar phytochemistry in terms of the major constituents of the plants. The promising biological activities reported in this work further warrant the inclusion of in vivo studies to establish safe use of the target essential oils and their constituents.

La rose est communément appréciée en tant que plante ornementale et à parfum à travers le monde depuis l’antiquité́. Ainsi, les différents traits floraux comme la couleur des pétales, le parfum, la formation de fleur double et encore la floraison récurrente ont attirés l’attention des sélectionneurs pour créer plus de 35 000 variétés de roses modernes (Rosa x hybrida). Si la majorité des roses modernes sont cultivées pour la fleur coupée, les roses anciennes à parfum sont cultivées pour la production de l’huile essentielle de rose. Parmi ces roses à parfum appartenant majoritairement à la section Gallicanae du genre Rosa, l’espèce Rosa x damascena Mill. est la plus appréciée dans les secteurs cosmétique, pharmaceutique et l’industrie du parfum du fait de la grande diversité de métabolites secondaires produites dans la fleur. Alors que différentes des analyses chimiques de la fleur, de l’huile essentielle et de l’hydrolat de rose sont réalisées depuis ces deux dernières décennies, l’absence d’un génome de référence de haute qualité ainsi que de la recherche intégrée limite la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires contrôlant la qualité de Rosa x damascena. Durant ma thèse, une étude multiomique a été réalisée sur Rosa x damascena, faisant appel aux données métabolomique, transcriptomique et génomique. À l’issue de cette étude, j’ai identifié des molécules volatiles et non-volatiles spécifiques à chacun des organes floraux et mis en évidence la corrélation entre la variation dans la production métabolique et l’expression différentielle des gènes de voies de biosynthèses de ces molécules. De plus, de nouvelles enzymes candidates impliquées dans le déterminisme de la spécificité métabolique chez Rosa x damascena sont proposées. En parallèle, la caractérisation de son génome a mis en évidence l’hétérogénéité structurelle reflétant l’origine hybride de cette rose tétraploïde. Enfin, ce travail a permis d’établir un atlas des données multiomiques qui permettra de répondre à d’autres questions biologiques chez Rosa x damascena, et vraisemblablement à d’autres rosiers
The rose is commonly appreciated as an ornamental and perfume plant throughout the world since antiquity. Various floral traits such as petal colour, fragrance, double flower formation and even recurrent flowering attracted the breeders to create more than 35,000 varieties of modern roses (Rosa x hybrida). If the majority of modern roses are cultivated for cut flower, old perfume roses are grown for the production of rose essential oil. Among these perfume roses belonging mainly to the Gallicanae section of the genus Rosa, the species Rosa x damascena Mill. is the most popular in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical and perfume industries due to the wide variety of secondary metabolites produced in the flower. While different chemical analyses of flower, essential oil and rose hydrosol have been performed for the past two decades, the lack of a high-quality reference genome and integrated research limits the understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the quality of Rosa x damascena. During my thesis, a multiomic study was performed on Rosa x damascena, using metabolomic, transcriptomic and genomic data. Then, I identified volatiles and non-volatile molecules specific to each of the floral organs and highlighted the correlation between the variation in metabolic production and the differential expression of the genes involved in the corresponding biosynthetic pathways. In addition, new candidate enzymes implicated in the determinism of metabolomic specificity in Rosa x damascena are proposed. In parallel, the characterization of its genome highlighted the structural heterogeneity reflecting the hybrid origin of this tetraploid rose. Finally, this work made it possible to establish an atlas of multiomic data that will answer other biological questions related to Rosa x damascena, and probably other rose species

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016
A rosa é uma das flores mais antigas, conhecidas do mundo. O género Rosa pertence à família Rosacae e são conhecidas por volta de 200 espécies. O produto mais precioso das rosas é o óleo. Mas apesar de muita versatilidade, nem todas as rosas originam o tal valioso produto. A Rosa atraiu os seres humanos ao longo da história, e só recentemente, a tecnologia moderna e análises químicas abriram novas possibilidades para esta espécie muito elogiada. Rosa x damascena Mill. é um híbrido de Rosa gallica e Rosa phoenicia. Hoje em dia a Bulgária e a Turquia são os principais produtores de óleo essencial de Rosa x damascena no mundo, seguindo pelo Irão, India, Marrocos e China. O rendimento de óleo essencial de rosa búlgara, que é o mais procurado, varia de ano para ano. A essência é obtida através da destilação das flores colhidas manualmente logo pela manhã, que são tratadas rapidamente para evitar a fermentação. O concreto e o absoluto são obtidos através da extração com solventes voláteis. Para um quilograma de concreto de rosa são necessários cerca de 300 a 400 quilos de flores e para 1 quilograma de essência são necessárias 4 a 5 toneladas de rosas. O óleo essencial, devido às suas propriedades aromáticas, é usado também em perfumaria, cosmética e aromoterapia. Além destas aplicações, o óleo essencial apresenta propriedades biológicas, principalmente antimicrobianas, sendo utilizados na indústria farmacêutica. Esta ampla gama de aplicações é possível graças às excecionais qualidades de óleo de rosa e a sua composição química. O presente trabalho, então, tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão da literatura no que se refere ao conhecimento da produção e das propriedades dos óleos de Rosa x damascena, reportando-se aos artigos e outros trabalhos publicados.