Дисертації: "Role prescription"

1

Gerrett, David. "The role of community pharmacists as advisors on prescription medication." Thesis, University of Derby, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/193190.

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This thesis describes the historical and functional evolution of British community pharmacists showing the succession of a compounding role by a supply function with incumbent bureaucracy. Development of a role as advisors on prescription medication is reviewed and the potential benefit explored by reviewing patients' lack of understanding about their medication following advice from general medical practitioners. Although ethical directives and specific guidance could be identified for the application and use of additional labels, little was found for provision of verbal advice. No comprehensive research was found to describe the prescription medication advisory role of community pharmacists. The present thesis primarily addresses this lack of knowledge. For a total of 651/2d ays between June 1988 and February 1989 the discussions of twenty of twenty four randomly selected community pharmacists which involved prescription medication were tape recorded, transcribed and the circumstances observed. For half this time a poster advertising community pharmacists' advisory service was displayed. Verbal advice was provided by the community pharmacist to 473 of 3519 individuals involved with prescription medication. Two types of community pharmacists were identified, proactive and reactive. Irrespective of type, a constant level of requests for advice was noted. Overall, display of the poster was not associated with any significant effect on the quantity of advice; however, it was associated with changes in the nature of advice with greater emphasis on 'Specific problem' and 'Side effects' over 'What is prescribed' and 'What to do with it'. Although reiteration of the prescribers' directions and verbalising additional label warnings accounted for the majority of verbal advice, qualitative analysis revealed an element of independent judgement. The sociological literature on the professions provides an understanding for the observations. It is argued that guidance for verbal advice provided in the British National Formulary may facilitate community pharmacists' prescription medication advisory role.

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2

Pauly, Nathan James. "INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF PRESCRIPTION DRUG MONITORING PROGRAMS IN REDUCING RATES OF OPIOID-RELATED POISONINGS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/84.

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The United States is in the midst of an opioid epidemic. In addition to other system level interventions, almost all states have responded to the crisis by implementing prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs). PDMPs are state-level interventions that track the dispensing of Controlled Substances. Data generated at the time of medication dispensing is uploaded to a central data server that may be used to assist in identifying drug diversion, medication misuse, or potentially aberrant prescribing practices. Prior studies assessing the impact of PDMPs on trends in opioid-related morbidity have often failed to take into account the wide heterogeneity of program features and how the effectiveness of these features may be mitigated by insurance status. Previous research has also failed to differentiate the effects of these programs on prescription vs. illicit opioid-related morbidity. The studies in this dissertation attempt to address these gaps using epidemiological techniques to examine the associations between specific PDMP features and trends in prescription and illicit opioid-related poisonings in populations of different insurance beneficiaries. Results of these studies demonstrate that implementation of specific PDMP features is significantly associated with differential trends in prescription and illicit-opioid related poisonings and that the effectiveness of these features vary depending on the insurance status of the population studied. These results suggest that PDMPs offer a valuable tool in addressing the United States’ opioid epidemic, and may be used as empirical evidence to support PDMP best practices in the future.

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3

Goss, Randall C., Rudy Jr Molina, and Jared Roswurm. "The Impact of a Prescription Service Checklist on Patient Awareness of the Role of Pharmacists in the Community Pharmacy." The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624610.

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Class of 2006 Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the public’s awareness regarding the professional role pharmacists have in a community pharmacy setting. Methods: The study design was a small-scale, cross-sectional survey conducted in two community pharmacy sites. Subjects included patients picking up prescription medications requiring pharmacist consultation. Volunteer participation and completion of the PQ, constituted eligible enrollment into the study. The pharmacy questionnaire (PQ) consisted of 11 statements. Subjects were to read and signify along an ordinal scale whether they strongly disagreed to strongly agree with each statement. A total of 134 surveys were completed and returned for analysis from the two pharmacy sites. Analysis of the PQ looked at responses within and between group demographics, such as gender, age, frequency and reason for visitation to pharmacy. The impact of the independent variables on patient responses to the questionnaire and the differences in patient responses between the two collection periods was analyzed using independent t-tests or a one-way ANOVA. Results: The average response scores were positive for all Statements, ranging from ‘Somewhat Agree’ to ‘Agree.’ The two lowest rated statements were concerning the refusal to fill an unsafe prescription, and checking for prescription 3x for accuracy. The three highest rated Statements were ensuring patient understanding of proper medication use, answering questions about side effects, and pharmacist knowledge and expertise. Women answering questions more positively than men, particularly with ensuring patient understanding of proper medication use (p <0.01) and answering questions about side effects (p <0.05). The pharmacists’ knowledge and expertise was significantly higher rated in women than in men (p <0.01) and older women answered more positively than younger women (p <0.05). The statement about Refusing to fill an unsafe prescriptions had subjects 26 to 35 years old answering more negatively when compared to the 46 to 55 and >65 year old groups (p <0.05). As age increased, subjects responded more positively to the pharmacist verifying dosages, and men disagreed to a greater degree than women (p <0.01). Increases in the frequency of pharmacy visits had a visual trend of more positive responses, but only the verification of dosages was nearly significant (p <0.05). By whom the questionnaire was completed by (self or non-self) had no bearing on the response. Conclusions: Regardless of age, gender, or setting, patients tended to be reasonably familiar with the role community pharmacists take part in as a member of the health care profession.

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4

Mohammad, Annim. "Role of community pharmacists in enhancing health literacy of culturally and linguistically diverse community members." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17933.

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ABSTRACT To ensure there is excellence and equality in healthcare, it is imperative to cater for the needs of increasingly diverse patient populations due to globalisation and migration patterns. Australia has a sizeable population of culturally and linguistically diverse community members who are proficient in a language other than the official national language that is English. Such individuals may have impaired health literacy due to language challenges that may manifest when accessing healthcare. Community pharmacists are often the last point of contact for patients before any medicine is taken. Nearly two-thirds of Australia’s 30,000 registered pharmacists work in 5700 community pharmacies all over the country, providing professional care in over 350 million patient encounters annually. Despite this, a broad search of the literature revealed there has been a paucity of in-depth exploration of the interaction between the Australian community pharmacist and culturally and linguistically diverse community member with low English proficiency. The first two phases of research in this project thus involved obtaining an insight into how community pharmacists were meeting the health and medicine-related needs of culturally and linguistically diverse patients with low English proficiency; the first phase from the perspective of the culturally and linguistically diverse community member with low English proficiency and the second phase from the perspective of the community pharmacist. Among the many findings, one major finding was the need for the development of a resource uniquely tailored to the community pharmacy space that could be utilised to communicate essential medicine-related information, particularly at the point of prescription medicine supply. This finding and studies in the literature, informed the final phase in this project in which a randomised trial was conducted on a research-team developed intervention in the form of enhanced pharmacist-affixed prescription medicine labels with low English proficient, Vietnamese community members. Study results revealed improved comprehensibility of medicine-related information with the enhanced labels compared to currently available labels being supplied by community pharmacists. Findings from this project have profound implications for pharmacist practice and patient safety and may also inform continuing professional development activities as well as vii guidelines and standards for provision of medicines information to culturally and linguistically diverse patients with low English proficiency within community pharmacy.

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5

Whittemore, Hannah C. "The Expanding Role of Pharmacists: From Autonomous Apothecaries to Patient Care Team Players." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/597.

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This thesis discusses the evolution of the role of the pharmacist in U.S. health care delivery from its early origins to modern day practice. Public policy, education and licensing requirements, and technological advances have substantially shaped the role of the pharmacist and what health care services they provide. Where pharmacists once provided direct patient care when formal modes of pharmacist professionalization did not exist, post-WWII mass production of pharmaceuticals confined pharmacists to dispensing and distribution duties that did not fully utilize their drug knowledge. Consequently, pharmacy educators and leaders have pushed pharmacy practice into an era of “pharmaceutical care,” emphasizing direct patient care activities and the employment of pharmacists’ drug expertise. Pharmacists today have moved back into clinical roles, participating in patient care activities alongside other health care professionals—sometimes even providing primary care services. Due to the U.S.’s growing dependence of prescription drugs and the American public’s continuous demands for high quality care, greater access to health care services, and containment of health care costs, pharmacists will likely acquire greater responsibilities in direct patient care.

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6

Santiago, Zalvidea. "Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on electrical and contractile properties of cardiomyocytes from failing heart in mice." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T003.

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7

Williams, Faustine, Kellie R. Imm, Graham A. Colditz, Ashley J. Housten, Lin Yang, Keon L. Gilbert, and Bettina F. Drake. "Physician Role in Physical Activity for African-American Males Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/64.

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Purpose Physical activity is recognized as a complementary therapy to improve physical and physiological functions among prostate cancer survivors. Little is known about communication between health providers and African-American prostate cancer patients, a high risk population, regarding the health benefits of regular physical activity on their prognosis and recovery. This study explores African-American prostate cancer survivors’ experiences with physical activity prescription from their physicians. Methods Three focus group interviews were conducted with 12 African-American prostate cancer survivors in May 2014 in St. Louis, MO. Participants’ ages ranged from 49 to 79 years, had completed radical prostatectomy, and their time out of surgery varied from 7 to 31 months. Results Emerged themes included physician role on prescribing physical activity, patients’ perceived barriers to engaging in physical activity, perception of normalcy following surgery, and specific resources survivors’ sought during treatment. Of the 12 men who participated, 8 men (67%) expressed that their physicians did not recommend physical activity for them. Although some participants revealed they were aware of the importance of sustained physical activity on their prognosis and recovery, some expressed concerns that urinary dysfunction, incontinence, and family commitments prevented them from engaging in active lifestyles. Conclusions Transitioning from post radical prostatectomy treatment to normal life was an important concern to survivors. These findings highlight the importance of physical activity communication and prescription for prostate cancer patients.

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8

Jones, Christopher McCall. "Estimating the Magnitude and Characteristics of Prescription Opioid Injection Misuse and the Role of Syringe Services Programs in Response to the Opioid Crisis in the United States." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13806240.

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The United States is experiencing an unprecedented crisis of prescription and illicit opioid misuse, addiction and overdose. Coincident with the increase in opioid misuse and addiction in the U.S. over the past decade are rising rates of prescription opioid injection and transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) and endocarditis.

Following the 2015 HIV outbreak in Scott County, Indiana associated with injection of the prescription opioid oxymorphone, and a decade-long increase in viral hepatitis infection rates, especially in areas of the U.S. with long-standing prescription opioid misuse and addiction, policymakers, public health practitioners, and other stakeholders have become increasingly concerned about prescription opioid injection misuse and related harms.

Syringe Services Programs (SSPs)—evidence-based programs that provide sterile injection equipment and comprehensive infectious disease, substance use, and overdose prevention and treatment services—have been identified as a potential key intervention in response to the opioid crisis and increasing opioid injection. However, there is limited recent research characterizing the population of people injecting prescription opioids and other drugs that can help guide how to best position SSPs to reach and impact this population. Further, the policy environment for SSPs is rapidly evolving, with multiple states enacting laws, regulations, and policies in recent years to enable the establishment of SSPs. Collectively, the research gaps around prescription opioid injection and the changing policy environment for SSPs has created a critical need to better define the characteristics of people who inject prescription opioids, to identify the services and resources needed by this population, and to understand how SSPs are navigating the evolving policy environment in order to maximize their role in response to the opioid crisis.

This dissertation research aims, through the use of mixed methods, to address these knowledge and policy gaps through: 1) systematically reviewing the literature to synthesize what is known about the population of individuals who inject prescription opioids in the U.S.; 2) estimating the magnitude of prescription opioid injection in the United States; 3) examining overall, sociodemographic, and substance use trends and correlates of prescription opioid injection among a nationally representative sample to identify populations at-risk for prescription opioid injection and related harms; and 4) using these quantitative findings to inform a qualitative exploration of SSPs’ responses to the rapidly changing policy environment in the midst of the evolving opioid epidemic and how they can be further leveraged to reduce the harms associated with opioid injection. This dissertation accomplishes these aims through three separate, but related studies. Taken together, the new knowledge produced from this dissertation can be used to inform the development, prioritization, and implementation of policies, programs, and practices that aim to reduce prescription opioid injection and its related harms and expand the role of SSPs in response to the U.S. opioid crisis.

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9

Fuller, Molly. "Gender Role Prescriptions and Apologies." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1512503273561072.

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10

Denis, Adeline. "Dans la fabrique des prescriptions de rôles gouvernants. Ethnographie des coulisses du gouvernement municipal de Montreuil-sous-Bois (2008-2014)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ0014.

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Fondée sur une enquête ethnographique menée auprès des dirigeant·e·s de Montreuil-sous-Bois entre 2008 et 2014, la thèse fait plonger dans les coulisses d'un gouvernement municipal, et esquisse une sociologie des prescriptions en acte, qui articule la question classique de « Qui se conforme aux prescriptions plurielles de rôle, et comment ? » à celle de « Qui a le pouvoir de prescrire, et comment, au sein d'un gouvernement ? ». L'alternance municipale montreuilloise en 2008 se caractérise par l'arrivée d'une professionnelle politique nationale, l'écologiste Dominique Voynet, qui cherche à bousculer les arrangements et prescriptions localement dominants. Le fait qu'elle ne se représente pas aux élections municipales de 2014, en dénonçant les pratiques de patronage et de notabilité de son prédécesseur Jean-Pierre Brard, apparenté communiste, interroge sur le poids des attentes qui pèsent sur les élu·e·s dans cet ancien bastion rouge, et les luttes pour (re)définir ce qu'est être un·e « bon·ne » gouvernant·e local·e aujourd'hui.La thèse explore cette énigme de formulations locales et concurrentielles de prescriptions de rôles gouvernants. Or, au-delà des luttes visibles sur les scènes politiques, l'enquête menée en coulisses révèle combien les luttes prescriptives structurent l'activité gouvernante « de l'intérieur » et expliquent la variété des prises de rôle en mairie. La focale ethnographique sur l'entourage mayoral montre que les normes et prescriptions de rôle, sédimentées dans une histoire institutionnelle singulière, sont aussi intermédiées par des auxiliaires, qui interviennent pour déterminer et imposer ce qu'ils·elles jugent être les bonnes normes de conduite en matière de gouvernement. En prenant le travail prescriptif comme piste d'analyse centrale, la thèse souligne le poids de ces auxiliaires prescripteur·rice·s dans la professionnalisation des élu·e·s, et les concurrences qui émergent entre eux·elles autour des prescriptions à faire valoir. Deux principaux modèles prescriptifs s'affrontent : un modèle de gouvernement « à chaud », porté par le cabinet, vs un modèle de gouvernement « à froid », portée par la direction générale. Le suivi au long cours révèle le poids croissant de cette dernière qui, par divers instruments de procédure et de gestion, renforce peu à peu son pouvoir professionnel et prescriptif sur le personnel démocratiquement élu.La thèse tire ainsi tous les bénéfices du croisement entre plusieurs sociologies - la sociologie des institutions et des rôles, la sociologie des entourages et de la professionnalisation politique, la sociologie du travail et des professions, la sociologie du genre - pour passer de l'étude des prescriptions de rôle à celle des prescripteur·rice·s de gouvernement, et pour éclairer le nouveau règne des gouvernant·e·s « à froid » au cœur de la démocratie locale
Based on an ethnographic survey carried out among the leaders of Montreuil-sous-Bois between 2008 and 2014, the thesis takes us behind the scenes of a municipal government, and outlines a new sociology of prescriptions in action, which articulates the classical question of “Who conforms to plural role prescriptions, and how?” to that of “Who has the power to prescribe, and how, within a government? ". The municipal changeover in Montreuil in 2008 was characterized by the arrival of a national political leader, the ecologist Dominique Voynet, who sought to shake up the locally dominant arrangements and prescriptions. The fact that she did not run again in the 2014 municipal elections, denouncing the patronage and notability practices of her predecessor Jean-Pierre Brard, questions the weight of expectations on elected officials in this former communist bastion, and the struggles to (re)define what it means to be a “good” local governor today.The thesis explores this conundrum of local and competitive formulations of governing role prescriptions. Beyond the visible struggles on the political scenes, the investigation carried out behind the scenes reveals how prescriptive competition structures the governing activity “from the inside” and explains the variety of role taking among municipal rulers. The ethnographic focus on the mayoral entourage shows that the norms and role prescriptions, sedimented in a singular institutional history, are also mediated by auxiliaries, who intervene to determine and impose what they judge to be the good standards of conduct and ways of governing. By taking this prescriptive work as a central line of analysis, the thesis underlines the weight of these auxiliary prescribers in the professionalization of elected officials, and the competition that emerges between them around the prescriptions to be upholded. Two main prescriptive models confront each other: a government model “in the heat of the moment”, supported by the cabinet, vs. a government model “with a cool head”, supported by managing directors. The long-term observation reveals the growing weight of the latter which, through various procedural and management instruments, gradually strengthens their professional and prescriptive power over democratically elected staff.The thesis thus draws all the benefits of the crossing between several sociologies - the sociology of institutions and roles, the sociology of entourages and political professionalization, the sociology of work and professions, the sociology of gender - to move from the study of the governing role prescriptions to that of government prescribers, and to illuminate the new reign of “cold” rulers at the heart of local democracy

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11

Nunes, Isabel Ferreira. "Multilevel role prescriptions Portugal, NATO and the CFSP /." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2006. http://doc.utwente.nl/57126.

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12

Butler, Simon J. "Stubble field prescriptions for farmland birds : the role of sward structure in mediating food availability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409722.

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13

Chevreau, Emmanuelle. "Le temps et le droit : la réponse de Rome ; l'approche du droit privé /." Paris : De Boccard, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/528188313.pdf.

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14

Robinson, Stuart Ivan. "The role of the microcomputer as a diagnostic, prescriptive and learning instrument in remedial education." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15892.

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Bibliography: pages 222-229.
The number of pupils with learning disabilities is on the increase and effective ways of attempting to remediate such pupils are always being sought. Current technology has presented remedial teachers with a potentially dynamic aid in the form of the microcomputer. Many of the attributes of computer-aided learning closely parallel the principles of remedial teaching and to this end it was attempted to establish the role of the microcomputer in remedial education. An in-depth study of the literature was undertaken. In the practical sphere, a survey was conducted to obtain the views of practicing remedial teachers as well as to establish the extent of applications in schools. Learning disabled pupils were observed interacting with microcomputers. The study revealed that the prognosis for embracing microcomputers in remedial education is encouraging. Applications exist for diagnosis and prescription of specific deficits as well as for prescribing the microcomputer in the sphere of general educational development of learning disabled pupils. Further applications for administrative and management purposes have reached-an advanced stage of development. With the development of appropriate software and proper "teacher education" the microcomputer has the potential to become a dynamic educational aid for the learning disabled; especially because of its motivational and user-friendly nature.

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15

Lester, Arielle J. "Perpetuating Domestic Ambivalence: A Duality of Gender Role Advice in American Women’s Prescriptive Literature, 1920-1960." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1369531585.

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16

Gauderer, Lindsey. "Promoting Time in Nature for Children: Investigating the Role of Provider Nature Relatedness." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/332.

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Research has shown that time spent in and exposure to natural environments has numerous benefits for children, both physical and mental. At the same time, children face many barriers to obtaining time in the outdoors and today's youth spend less time outside than previous generations. Initiatives such as health care provider prescriptions for outdoor activity aim to encourage exposure to nature as a health intervention for children. In order to enhance the potential for success of programs such as these, factors influencing their implementation need to be assessed. This study aims to explore the impact that provider connectedness to nature, as measured by a validated connectedness to nature scale, has on the likelihood of utilizing a nature prescription program. This study is of descriptive correlational design utilizing a convenience sample of providers who participated in a park prescription program in the state of Vermont. Participants completed a survey that included a Nature Relatedness (NR) scale. These scores and responses were then analyzed in relationship to the number of nature prescriptions written during the program. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics, Pearson's r and Spearman's r and Multivariate MANOVA. Results from this study do not indicate a relationship between provider NR and utilization of a nature prescription program. Data from this study indicates that programs utilized by providers to promote time in nature, such as the park prescription program, may enhance provider awareness of the issue and likelihood to address the issue with their patients. This is an important finding for further initiatives aimed at increasing children's time in nature through their primary care providers.

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17

Lim, Chee Kiat (David). "Prescribing practices of Australian dispensing doctors." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/176.

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Background: In response to health workforce shortages policymakers have considered expanding the roles that a health professional may perform. A more traditional combination of health professional roles is that of a dispensing doctor (DD) who routinely prescribes and dispenses pharmaceuticals. A systematic review conducted on mainly overseas DDs’ practices found that DDs tended to prescribe more items per patients, less often generically, and showed poorer adherence to best practice. Convenience for patients was cited by both patients and DDs as the main reason for dispensing. In Australia, rural doctors are allowed to dispense Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme (PBS) subsidised pharmaceutical benefits if there is no reasonable pharmacy coverage. Little was known about the practices of these Australian DDs.Objectives: To examine the PBS prescribing patterns of dispensing with matched non-dispensing doctors and identify factors that influence prescribing behaviour.Method: A sequential explanatory (QUAN-->qual) mixed methodology was utilised. Firstly, rurality-matched DDs’ and non-DDs’ PBS data for fiscal years 2005-7 were analysed against criteria distilled from a systematic review and stakeholder consultations. Secondly, structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of DDs to examine the quantitative findings.Key findings: DDs prescribed significantly fewer PBS prescriptions per patients but used Regulation 24 significantly more than non-DDs. Regulation 24 biased the prescribing data. DDs prescribed proportionally more penicillin type antibiotics, adrenergic inhalants and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories as compared to non-DDs. Reasons offered by DD-respondents highlighted that prescribing was influenced by an awareness of cost to the patients, peer pressure and confidential prescriber feedback provided on a regular basis.Implications: This innovative census study does not support international data that DDs are less judicious in their prescribing. There is some evidence that DDs might reduce health inequity between rural and urban Australian, and that the DD health model is valuable to patients in isolated communities.

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Winlöf, Linnea, and Lovisa Cardmarker. "Sjuksköterskans roll vid fysisk aktivitet på recept : En allmän litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-35848.

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Sjuksköterskan har en betydande roll genom att vidta olika hälsofrämjande insatser som på olika sätt kan minska folkhälsoproblem såsom inaktivitet med syfte att förbättra folkhälsan. Fysisk aktivitet på recept är en metod för att minska stillasittande och främja fysisk aktivitet, vilken bygger på ett patientcentrerat synsätt, där samtalsmetodik och kunskap om motivation samt beteendeförändring är viktiga delar. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka vilken roll sjuksköterskan har vid fysisk aktivitet på recept. Resultatet är baserat på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar, fem kvalitativa och sex kvantitativa, vilka utmynnade i ett huvudtema; Sjuksköterskans roll och de hinder som finns. De subteman som framkom var; Motivation, Delaktighet, Tid, Kunskap och rutiner samt Externa faktorer. Sjuksköterskans roll är att regelbundet motivera till fysisk aktivitet och få patienten delaktig, samt att skydda och främja hälsa hos alla människor i världen. Tidsbrist, okunskap och bristande rutiner uppges var stora hinder till varför sjuksköterskan inte förskriver fysisk aktivitet på recept. Vidare belyses patientens ekonomi, tillgänglighet, samt samhällets resurser till fysisk aktivitet. Sjuksköterskans motiverande roll och tillämpningen av fysisk aktivitet på recept, är något som bör belysas och tydliggöras i den grundläggande sjuksköterskeutbildningen. Dessutom bör hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal fortsätta poängtera att fysisk aktivitet kan vara ett komplement till medicin.
Nurses has a significant role in health promotion efforts that can reduce public health problems, such as inactivity with a purpose to improve public health. Physical activity on prescription's a method of reducing inactivity and promoting physical activity, which is based on a patient-centered view, where communication and knowledge about motivation and behavioral change are important components. The aim of this literature study was to investigate the nurses' role in the physical activity of prescription. The result's based on 11 scientific articles, five qualitative and six quantitative, which featured in one main theme; Nurses role and barriers that exist. The subthemes that emerged were; Motivation, Participation, Time, Knowledge and Routines and also External Factors. The nurses' role is to regularly motivate physical activity and to involve patients, and also to protect and promote the health of all people. Lack of time, ignorance and lack of routines indicate great barriers to why nurses doesn't prescribe physical activity on prescription. Furthermore, the patients economy, accessibility, and societies resources for physical activity are highlighted. Nurses' motivational role and the application of physical activity on prescriptions, is something that should be highlighted and clarified in undergraduate nursing education. In addition, healthcare professionals should continue to point out that physical activity can be a complement to medicine.

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Kim, Jeong Ah. "The role of legislation in driving good occupational health and safety management systems: A comparison of prescriptive based legislation." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15966/.

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Countries seek to control exposure to hazardous substances and environments by the enactment of legislation. In the past thirty years, two major different approaches to occupational health and safety legislation have been devleoped by countries around the world. The performance-based legislative approach has been linked with the emergence of occupational health and safety management systems but no research has previously been done to determine whether or not the legislative approach taken by government influences the introduction or form of occupational health and safety management systems used by organisations. Similarly, although the reasons why Australia and other countries have moved to performance-based legislation have been explained in terms of social, political and economic factors that influenced the change, little research has been done on the effectiveness of this approach compared with the prescriptive approach of countries such as Korea. -I- The overall aim of this research is to develop a conprehensive understanding of the management of expusre to heavy metals in selected industries in Korea and Australia. The specific objectives of the study are to determine: The effectiveness of heavy metal exposure management in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing industry in Korea, and an Oral Health Service, and lead-risk workplaces in Queensland, Australia; The management of the legislative arrangements for health surveillance in Korea and Queensland, Australia; The characteristics of the occupational health and safety management systems that are in use in the heavy metal industries in Korea in Australia; and The effectiveness of prescriptive and performance based legislative systems in protecting the health and safety of workers in heavy metal based industries. Secondary analysis of biological monitoring data from 6 fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies (8 workplaces) in Korea was used to examine the extent of mercury exposure and the effectiveness of the health surveillance system in that country. A survey of dental workers in an oral health service in Queensland provided data on the extent of mercury exposure to the workforce and workers' attitudes to the management of occupational risks. The efficiency of the lead health surveillance in Queensland was examined by way of a questionnaire survey of lead designated doctors in the state. A survey of registered lead-risk companies and the oral health servies in Queensland, and 5 of the fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies in Korea provided data on the occupational health and safety management systems in place in these organisations. The health surveillance system for mercury exposed workers in Korea was found to have reduced the incidence of workers with biological levels of mercury above the Baseline Level from 14% in 1994 to 7% in 1999. Bilogical testing of dental workers in Queensland discovered no workers with biological levels of mercury approaching the Baseline Level and air monitoring failed to locate any areas where workers were likely to be exposed to levels approaching the Workplace Exposure Standard. The staff of the Oral Health Service were generally aware of the occupational health and safety management systems in place but only 43% felt that mercury management in the workplace effectively prevented exposure. The lead surveillance system in Queensland was found to be inadequately managed with approximately 37% of registered doctors no longer practicing in the field and their being no way for the government to collect reliable data on the extent of lead exposure in workplaces. The occupational health and safety management systems in the companies surveyed in Queensland and Korea were found to be influenced by the legislative arrangements in place in each of the locations. The Korean systems were more geared to meeting the regulatory requirements whereas the Queensland systems were geared more towards a risk management approach. However substantial differences were also noted depending on the size of the organisation in each case. Legislative arrangements in Korea and Queensland were found to provide reasonable protection from heavy metal exposure to workers however improvements in both systems are needed. The legislation was also found to influence the occupational health and safety management systems in place with performance-based legislation producing systems having a wide risk management focus while a narrower regulatory based focus was noted in Korea where more prescriptive legislation is in force. A confounding factor in the nature of the occupational health and safety management system in place is the size of the organisation and particular attention needs to be paid to this when legislative approaches are considered.

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20

Kim, Jeong-Ah. "The role of legislation in driving good occupational health and safety management systems: A comparison of prescriptive based legislation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15966/1/Jeong-ah_Kim_Thesis.pdf.

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Countries seek to control exposure to hazardous substances and environments by the enactment of legislation. In the past thirty years, two major different approaches to occupational health and safety legislation have been devleoped by countries around the world. The performance-based legislative approach has been linked with the emergence of occupational health and safety management systems but no research has previously been done to determine whether or not the legislative approach taken by government influences the introduction or form of occupational health and safety management systems used by organisations. Similarly, although the reasons why Australia and other countries have moved to performance-based legislation have been explained in terms of social, political and economic factors that influenced the change, little research has been done on the effectiveness of this approach compared with the prescriptive approach of countries such as Korea. -I- The overall aim of this research is to develop a conprehensive understanding of the management of expusre to heavy metals in selected industries in Korea and Australia. The specific objectives of the study are to determine: The effectiveness of heavy metal exposure management in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing industry in Korea, and an Oral Health Service, and lead-risk workplaces in Queensland, Australia; The management of the legislative arrangements for health surveillance in Korea and Queensland, Australia; The characteristics of the occupational health and safety management systems that are in use in the heavy metal industries in Korea in Australia; and The effectiveness of prescriptive and performance based legislative systems in protecting the health and safety of workers in heavy metal based industries. Secondary analysis of biological monitoring data from 6 fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies (8 workplaces) in Korea was used to examine the extent of mercury exposure and the effectiveness of the health surveillance system in that country. A survey of dental workers in an oral health service in Queensland provided data on the extent of mercury exposure to the workforce and workers' attitudes to the management of occupational risks. The efficiency of the lead health surveillance in Queensland was examined by way of a questionnaire survey of lead designated doctors in the state. A survey of registered lead-risk companies and the oral health servies in Queensland, and 5 of the fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies in Korea provided data on the occupational health and safety management systems in place in these organisations. The health surveillance system for mercury exposed workers in Korea was found to have reduced the incidence of workers with biological levels of mercury above the Baseline Level from 14% in 1994 to 7% in 1999. Bilogical testing of dental workers in Queensland discovered no workers with biological levels of mercury approaching the Baseline Level and air monitoring failed to locate any areas where workers were likely to be exposed to levels approaching the Workplace Exposure Standard. The staff of the Oral Health Service were generally aware of the occupational health and safety management systems in place but only 43% felt that mercury management in the workplace effectively prevented exposure. The lead surveillance system in Queensland was found to be inadequately managed with approximately 37% of registered doctors no longer practicing in the field and their being no way for the government to collect reliable data on the extent of lead exposure in workplaces. The occupational health and safety management systems in the companies surveyed in Queensland and Korea were found to be influenced by the legislative arrangements in place in each of the locations. The Korean systems were more geared to meeting the regulatory requirements whereas the Queensland systems were geared more towards a risk management approach. However substantial differences were also noted depending on the size of the organisation in each case. Legislative arrangements in Korea and Queensland were found to provide reasonable protection from heavy metal exposure to workers however improvements in both systems are needed. The legislation was also found to influence the occupational health and safety management systems in place with performance-based legislation producing systems having a wide risk management focus while a narrower regulatory based focus was noted in Korea where more prescriptive legislation is in force. A confounding factor in the nature of the occupational health and safety management system in place is the size of the organisation and particular attention needs to be paid to this when legislative approaches are considered.

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21

Miller, Elizabeth J. "A Mixed Methods Study Investigating the Community Pharmacist’s Role in Palliative Care." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17392.

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There is little research investigating factors that facilitate or inhibit timely access to palliative care medicines from community pharmacies. Though palliative care is recognised within the UK government’s strategy and community pharmacists are considered to have a role it is uncertain to what extent this aim is incorporated into local practice. This thesis uses mixed methods to investigate the time taken to access palliative care medication from five community pharmacies in one area of England. The effect of prescription errors, stock availability and other factors is examined. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews with five community pharmacists and eleven other healthcare professionals explore medication access and the community pharmacist’s role in palliative care using the Framework method. Stock availability led to delays with one in five customers going to more than one pharmacy to get urgently required palliative care medications. Legal prescription errors were more common on computer generated prescriptions but did not lead to delays. Three subthemes were identified in accessing palliative care medicines: environment and resources; communication and collaboration; skills and knowledge. The community pharmacist’s role in palliative care was limited due to reluctance from other healthcare professionals to share information, poor access to patient records and lack of integration into the primary healthcare team. This study highlights implications for professionals, commissioners and providers to improve services for those trying to access palliative medication. Community pharmacies remain a largely untapped resource for supporting patients, relatives and carers towards the end of life in both cancer and other advanced life-limiting diseases.

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22

Chevreau, Emmanuelle. "Le temps et le droit, la réponse de Rome : l'approche du droit privé." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020051.

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23

Imhonde, Benjamin A. "A Model of Treatment Compliance Behavior of Patients with Chronic Disease in the Age of Predictive Medicine: The Role of Normative Beliefs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404621/.

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The purposes of this study are: a) to understand the treatments compliance behavior of the patient with chronic disease at the behavioral level, particularly, the relationship between treatments compliance behavior and normative beliefs; b) develop a behavioral model of patient's treatments compliance behavior that could be used for predicting, combating, treating, tracking and controlling the treatments compliance behavior of the patients with chronic disease. Seventy-two patients from senior daycare centers in the Dallas area, who suffer or had suffered from at least, one chronic disease, participated in the study. Data gathering was conducted using paper-based questionnaire. The most significant finding of this study is the relationship between normative beliefs and the treatments compliance behavior of the patient with chronic disease. Normative beliefs were found to have significant impact on the treatments compliance intent and behavior of the patients with chronic disease. Another important finding showed that side-effects of prescribed treatments have little or no influence on the treatments compliance behavior of the patient with chronic disease. A relationship between the effectiveness of medicine, particularly, predictive medicine, and treatments compliance behavior was established. The design of the study was intended to provide coverages for a set of constructs that may be the interacting units in the environment of any chronic disease treatments decision. It depicts relational, information communications links between the constructs. The Imhonde model of treatments compliance behavior was designed to include cultural norms and other beliefs that are significant for real-time human ailments decisions behaviors. It is recommended that further studies may include the use of a larger population of participants from diverse cultures and localities in multiple states and countries, with the object of finding the differences that culture and local environments may have on the normative leaning for treatments compliance behavioral decisions in chronic disease cases.

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Nair, Radhika Anantharaman Shepherd Marvin D. "Evaluation of factors related to prescription drug expenditures, prescribing trends and physican visits the role of direct-to-consumer advertising expenditures, demographics, and health insurance coverage /." 2005. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1642/nairr94530.pdf.

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25

Todorová, Monika. "Role sestry při podávání léčiv na pracovišti intenzivní péče." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335181.

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This thesis deals with the role of nurses in the administration of drugs in the intensive care unit. The goal is to find consistency between the legal and factual state of drug administration, ie analyze, what are the non-medical healthcare professionals authorized in accordance with applicable legislation and internal regulations of the medical device to do and what they are actually able to perform safely. The theoretical part defines the terms related to the administration of medicines. I deal with the skills of paramedical staff, indications of medicines, their administration, pharmacotherapy, mistakes and evaluation of the quality and safety of health services. The theoretical part deals with the current status of this issue and also provides insight into the history of drug administration. In the empirical part of the thesis I work with the results that I received questionnaires. Respondents are nurses, paramedics, nurses of leading nursing management and physicians. Individual items are analyzed and used to answer defined research questions. The research implies that the nurse of nursing management are able to organize an intensive care unit activities and maintain procedures, to ensure quality and safe administration of medicines. General nurses and paramedics are able to meet the doctor's...

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26

Hašková, Martina. "Role sestry ve farmakoterapeutickém týmu." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415026.

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This diploma thesis deals with current pharmacotherapeutic care with a focus on activities that nurses take part in. The aim was to collect and evaluate the views and experiences of selected nurses regarding their role in pharmacotherapy team, particularly what activities they perform in such team and how their pharmacotherapy teams work in general. SWOT analysis was then used firstly to evaluate the current role of nurses and secondly to suggest a way of implementation of possible extension of nurses' competencies in pharmacotherapy. In order to collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. These were recorded, so they could be easily processed afterwards. During transcription of the interviews into written text, all the collected data was briefly analysed. The data was further analysed using the open coding method, when three main categories with specific subcategories and subcodes were identified. All the selected men and women, which were asked for cooperation, are people working as a nurse without supervision and mentoring. Based on their career history all of them were expected to have a more specific experience with the issue. The respondents were mainly nurses with long-term working experience, often working in middle or senior management. When selecting the future...

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27

Kontic, A. Sasha. "Assessing the effectiveness of the prescription drug post-market surveillance system in Canada : he need for a more active regulatory role." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=370309&T=F.

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28

Nair, Radhika Anantharaman. "Evaluation of factors related to prescription drug expenditures, prescribing trends and physican visits: the role of direct-to-consumer advertising expenditures, demographics, and health insurance coverage." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1642.

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29

Morgan, Steven George. "Pharmaceutical sector price and productivity measurement : exploring the role of agency, incentives and information." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/10830.

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This thesis explores how decision-making agency roles played by doctors, pharmacists and government affect the social efficiency of choices in the prescription drug market. The primary objective is to contribute to the quality of expenditure decompositions in this sector and, thereby, to draw attention to the real cost of drug consumption in Canada. Expenditure growth in the pharmaceutical sector may occur because Canadians are purchasing more drugs or more in terms of the health outcomes sought through drug consumption. Prices may also be rising for the drugs that patients consume. Furthermore, with new generations of prescription drugs replacing older and often equally effective ones, expenditure inflation may be due, at least in part, to growing inefficiencies in consumption. Deflating nominal expenditures with traditional economic price indexes is a commonly used approach to decomposing expenditure changes into changes in price, changes in productivity or both. This method may be biased because decision-making agency relationships and non-standard financial incentives give rise to possible inefficiencies in the pharmaceutical sector that would not commonly be found in other sectors. This proposition is explored theoretically and empirically. Potential biases stemming from financial incentives are explored in the context of the measurement problem posed by the entry of generic drugs. Traditional techniques of the economic approach to measurement do not capture the full effect of generic competition because decision-making agents do not always have incentive to consider the full price of drugs consumed. Potential information-related problems in pharmaceutical price and productivity measurement are explored within the context of the hypertension market. Health outcomes based indexes are constructed for this treatment category based on recognized national guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. Economic indexes of price and productivity appear to overstate social productivity in this segment because persistent non-compliance with national guidelines has resulted in higher costs without corresponding health improvements.

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Vedralová, Iva. "Pravopisné reformy norštiny s důrazem na reformu bokmål v roce 2005." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313664.

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In this thesis the author deals with the issue of language reform of Norwegian in the 20th century, especially bokmål form, and the current language situation. It is focused on the reform of 2005, which is thoroughly described. Based on this description the author argues against the effects of reform and makes suggestions for resolving the further progress of Norwegian orthography both in terms of language users and students with Norwegian as a foreign language. The result of this thesis is a description of the linguistic situation in Norway after the reform in 2005.

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Ziegler, Lucy, M. Bennett, Alison Blenkinsopp, and S. Coppock. "Non-medical prescribing in palliative care: a regional survey." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9429.

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No
The United Kingdom is considered to be the world leader in nurse prescribing, no other country having the same extended non-medical prescribing rights. Arguably, this growth has outpaced research to evaluate the benefits, particularly in areas of clinical practice where patients have complex co-morbid conditions such as palliative care. This is the first study of non-medical prescribing in palliative care in almost a decade. AIM: To explore the current position of nurse prescribing in palliative care and establish the impact on practice of the 2012 legislative changes. DESIGN: An online survey circulated during May and June 2013. PARTICIPANTS: Nurse members (n = 37) of a regional cancer network palliative care group (61% response rate). RESULTS: While this survey found non-medical prescribers have embraced the 2012 legislative changes and prescribe a wide range of drugs for cancer pain, we also identified scope to improve the transition from qualified to active non-medical prescriber by reducing the time interval between the two. CONCLUSION: To maximise the economic and clinical benefit of non-medical prescribing, the delay between qualifying as a prescriber and becoming an active prescriber needs to be reduced. Nurses who may be considering training to be a non-medical prescriber may be encouraged by the provision of adequate study leave and support to cover clinical work. Further research should explore the patients' perspective of non-medical prescribing.

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