Статті в журналах: "Robotics in a hostile environment"

1

Bellingham, J. G., and K. Rajan. "Robotics in Remote and Hostile Environments." Science 318, no. 5853 (November 16, 2007): 1098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1146230.

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Nunes França, Matheus Henrique, Fredson Da Silva Oliveira, and Oberdan Rocha Pinheiro. "Humanoid Prototype Development Through 3D Printing for New Technologies." JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH 2, no. 4 (February 4, 2020): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34178/jbth.v2i4.90.

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Robotics creates the possibility of using robots to assist humans in several tasks, especially in hostile environments to humans. In order to cope with different types of environments, it is of great importance that robots are adaptable to the environment in which they operate. So, this study aimed is to develop a prototype of a humanoid robot by 3D printing as close as possible to the human being. The prototype will be used as the cradle of tests and thus will advance the most diverse techniques in robotics and artificial intelligence.

3

Antoun, Sherine. "Biologically inspired perception for robotics in hostile environments." Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 16 (April 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bica.2015.11.001.

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Marzouqi, Mohamed S., and R. A. Jarvis. "Hiding strategies for a mobile robot in hostile obstacle strewn environments." Robotica 34, no. 1 (June 4, 2014): 185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714001374.

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SUMMARYA robot working in a hostile environment should be equipped with the necessary risk-avoidance intelligence to survive and accomplish an assigned mission. Covert robotics is a relatively new field in which covert navigation abilities are developed for robots to carry out a mission with minimal potential observation from known or unknown vantage points, with occluding obstacles as the only means of maintaining covertness. The ability to ‘hide’ in order to minimize the risk of being detected is the focus of this paper. A number of strategies are presented that deal with various assumptions about the environment and the hostile observers' locations. The hiding strategies presented for different cases ensure choosing a proper hiding point while taking into account the risk of the chosen path to it.

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Abderrahmane, Tamali, Amardjia Nourredine, and Tamali Mohammed. "Experimental analysis for comparison of wireless transmission technologies: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee and LoRa for mobile multi-robot in hostile sites." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 3 (June 1, 2024): 2753. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp2753-2761.

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This research paper conducts a thorough comparison of four prominent transmission technologies suitable for mobile robots operating in challenging environments. Emphasizing key factors such as signal strength, noise resistance, and data transfer efficiency, the study aims to identify the optimal communication solution in hostile conditions. The exploration delves into the intricacies of received signal strength indication (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), revealing distinctive traits and trade-offs among the technologies. Navigating through the complexities of frequency bands, modulation types, and communication topologies, the paper examines the impact of obstacles, energy consumption dynamics, and potential real-world applications. Beyond contributing to the fields of robotics and communication, the study offers practical insights for stakeholders seeking resilient and efficient transmission methods for mobile robotic applications. Advocating for long range (LoRa) as the preferred transmission technology in hostile environments, the paper highlights its unmatched immunity to noise, stability, and minimal energy consumption. These findings provide valuable guidance for technology choices in collaborative mobile robot operations under challenging conditions. This research sets the stage for future developments in robotic communication, underscoring the crucial role of selecting the right transmission means for mission-critical applications in hostile environments.

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Jarka, Richard E., Zeinab A. Sabri, S. Keith Adams, Enju Liang, Michael Barnett, Rodrigo J. Rodriguez, and Abdo A. Husseiny. "Design of an advanced robotic vehicle evaluation laboratory." Robotica 7, no. 4 (October 1989): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700006652.

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SUMMARYRobotic vehicles have a wide field of applications in the civilian and military industry including manufacturing, assembly lines, security, operation in hostile environment, and testing. In the defense area, robotic vehicles have the potential for force multiplication and removing the soldier from hazardous environments on the battlefield. To make such vehicles avaialable requires research, development, testing and demonstration of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and systems. A realistic effort towards that objective requires the establishment of an advanced laboratory responsible for evaluation and development of subsystems and integration of the various elements into vehicles for field tests. Hence, requirements for the laboratory are given including a layout design and link analysis of the different components. As the first part of planning the laboratory, the technology was assessed to assure inclusion of the state-of-the-art equipment. Then, equipment requirements were defined, including interactions between pieces of equipment and providing for support, recording and monitoring equipment.

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Fauquet-Alekhine, Philippe, and Julien Bleuze. "Determinants of Performance for Robotics Teleoperated Activities: From Emergency Response to Decommissioning." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 36, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2024.p0139.

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After the nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima, several countries concerned with nuclear energy production set up robotic accident intervention groups with the aim to intervene in place of humans in hostile environments with high levels of contamination or irradiation. It is the case of France. The operational feedback of such robotic groups may be of interest for teams performing decommissioning on nuclear facilities. In this aim, a comparative analysis of robotic intervention contexts was undertaken between training contexts and a real operating situation. This allowed us to confirm determinants of performance already identified in the literature and highlighted new determinants of performance for intervention in nuclear environments.

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Ohkami, Yoshiaki. "Special Issue on Space Robotics." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 6, no. 5 (October 20, 1994): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1994.p0345.

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Since the beginning of space exploration, ""space robots"" have attracted the imagination of many researchers and engineers, and a number of fascinating plans for their use have been proposed.' However, only a few of these ideas have been realized in spite of the early realization that robots would be more appropriate than extra-vehicular activities by a human crew in the hostile space environment. One application is the Space Shuttle Remote Manipulator System, called the ""Canadian Robot Arm"", which has been functioning as expected for more than 10 years. In addition, ROTEX experiments on Space Lab a few years ago demonstrated that advanced robotic technology could perform more complicated tasks on board. It is also reminded that many other robotic experiments were canceled at some stage of their development: In particular, it was hoped that NASA's Flight Telerobotic Servicer would be able to operate with the help of an Orbital Maneuvering Unit. There are complicated reasons for the project cancellations, but one reason seems to be that the maturity level of robotics technology is not high enough; that advanced teleoperation and dexterous manipulation have not reached a sufficient level for practical use. In Japan, most of the space research and development thus far has concentrated on the launching and in-flight operations of conventional spacecraft, so that there has been no real demand for space robots. Recently, however, the Space Activities Committee issued a report on the long term vision for space activities in Japan. In this report, the importance of the use of space robotics technologies for diversified space activities such as space platform servicing, unmanned exploration of Mars and the moon crew support inside the space station, telescience operations, and even for the reusable reentry vehicle HOPE was emphasized. This can be at least partially attributed to the very active research on robotics in Japan, and in turn has encouraged researchers working in these fields. This special issue on space robotics introduces the research activities as several representative organizations, although it does not imply an exhaustive list. Firstly, the activities of two space development organizations are introduced. The National Space Development Agency (NASDA) is responsible for launching and operation this as well as general technology verification. Included in this is the ETS-VII satellite, which as part of its overall mission, will conduct several robotic experiments. The robotic activities of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) are also outlined. This institution is primarily concerned with scientific missions to the Moon and Mars as well as planets further beyond. Second, the research activities at the national institutes are introduced. These institutes are responsible for supporting national projects at an early stage of development by providing fundamental data and key technologies. This is followed by an introduction to the very extensive research activities at universities across the country. At these universities, space robotics research is pursued not only in aerospace engineering departments but also in other disciplines such as mechanical engineering, control systems, electronics, and information processing. As mentioned before, there are some organizations which do not appear in this special issue. Nonetheless, the coordinator hopes that in Japan, the information given will prove to be useful as in introduction to space robotics research activities in Japan, and further wishes to express his deepest appreciation to all of the contributors.

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Batlle, J., and P. Ridao. "Mobile robots in industrial environments." Human Systems Management 18, no. 3-4 (December 29, 1999): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1999-183-412.

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It is known that mobile robot applications have a preponderant role in industrial and social environments and, more specifically, helping human beings in carrying out difficult tasks in hostile environments. From teleoperated systems to autonomous robots, there is a wide variety of possibilities requiring a high technological level. Many concepts such as perception, manipulator design, grasping, dynamic control, etc. are involved in the field of industrial mobile robots. In this context, human–robot interaction is one of the most widely studied topics over the last few years together with computer vision techniques and virtual reality tools. In all these technical fields, a common goal is pursued, i.e., robots to come closer to human skills. In this paper, first some important research projects and contributions on mobile robots in industrial environments are overviewed. Second, a proposal for classification of mobile robot architectures is described. Third, results achieved in two specific application areas of mobile robotics are reported. The first is related to the tele-operation of a mobile robot called ROGER by means of a TCP/IP network. The control system of the robot is built up as a distributed system, using distributed object oriented software, CORBA compatible. The second is related to the teleoperation of an underwater robot called GARBI. (Research project co-ordinated with the Polytechnic University of Catalonia (Prof. Josep Amat) and financed by the Spanish Government.) The utility of this kind of prototype is demonstrated in tasks such as welding applications in underwater environments, inspection of dammed walls, etc. Finally, an industrial project involving the use of intelligent autonomous robots is presented showing how the experience gained in robotics has been applied.

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Paterna, Maria, Carlo De Benedictis, and Carlo Ferraresi. "The Research on Soft Pneumatic Actuators in Italy: Design Solutions and Applications." Actuators 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2022): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11110328.

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Interest in soft actuators has increased enormously in the last 10 years. Thanks to their compliance and flexibility, they are suitable to be employed to actuate devices that must safely interact with humans or delicate objects or to actuate bio-inspired robots able to move in hostile environments. This paper reviews the research on soft pneumatic actuators conducted in Italy, focusing on mechanical design, analytical modeling, and possible application. A classification based on the geometry is proposed, since a wide set of architectures and manufacturing solutions are available. This aspect is confirmed by the extent of scenarios in which researchers take advantage of such systems’ improved flexibility and functionality. Several applications regarding bio-robotics, bioengineering, wearable devices, and more are presented and discussed.

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Vitalli Rogerio, Adas Pereira, and Moreira Joao Manoel Losada. "Nuclear engineering for monitoring the thinning of the pipe wall of the Angra 1 power plant." International Robotics & Automation Journal 9, no. 2 (May 17, 2023): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/iratj.2023.09.00267.

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Large thermoelectric generation systems based on the Rankine cycle require monitoring of the thinning of the pipe wall caused by steam flow due to aging processes such as erosion and accelerated corrosion processes. Inspection difficulties are related to hostile environments (50 oC and 100% relative humidity) and spaces with complicated geometry, such as pipeline curves and their support structures. This work presents a monitoring program that integrates wall thickness inspections performed with a robotic system and Industry 4.0 technology to process the collected data and disseminate information throughout the organization. The robotic system is developed using “Digital Twin” technology, a very realistic virtual modeling scheme that allows interaction with the real world environment. They include equipment and all the steps to carry out the inspection process. The tube wall thickness monitoring system will be used at the Angra 1 nuclear power plant (Brazil).

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Fondevila Gascón, Joan Francesc, Joaquín Marqués-Pascual, Mónica Muñoz González, and Marc Polo López. "The impact of robotics on the tourism sector: the case of Barcelona." Harvard Deusto Business Research 8, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/hdbr.225.

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This research analyzes the influence of robotics on tourism. It is an innovative phenomenon, but one that is expected to be present in most tourism and communication activities. Robotics is beginning to produce results in terms of jobs related to tourism. Robots are incorporated in all types of establishments, especially in hotels, restaurants and museums. The phenomenon is analyzed through a quantitative (implementing data from automatic check-in and check-out machines in Barcelona hotels) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) methodology. The improvements and drawbacks that they can represent are observed, as well as their repercussion on the tourism work environment. It is concluded that the inclusion of robotics in tourism is still in the development phase, but it implies personnel savings and more personalized and interactive attention for the end user. The machines are used more often in hostels and tourist apartments than in hotels.

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Sola, Yoann, Gilles Le Chenadec, and Benoit Clement. "Simultaneous Control and Guidance of an AUV Based on Soft Actor–Critic." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 14, 2022): 6072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166072.

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The marine environment is a hostile setting for robotics. It is strongly unstructured, uncertain, and includes many external disturbances that cannot be easily predicted or modeled. In this work, we attempt to control an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) to perform a waypoint tracking task, using a machine learning-based controller. There has been great progress in machine learning (in many different domains) in recent years; in the subfield of deep reinforcement learning, several algorithms suitable for the continuous control of dynamical systems have been designed. We implemented the soft actor–critic (SAC) algorithm, an entropy-regularized deep reinforcement learning algorithm that allows fulfilling a learning task and encourages the exploration of the environment simultaneously. We compared a SAC-based controller with a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller on a waypoint tracking task using specific performance metrics. All tests were simulated via the UUV simulator. We applied these two controllers to the RexROV 2, a six degrees of freedom cube-shaped remotely operated underwater Vehicle (ROV) converted in an AUV. We propose several interesting contributions as a result of these tests, such as making the SAC control and guiding the AUV simultaneously, outperforming the PID controller in terms of energy saving, and reducing the amount of information needed by the SAC algorithm inputs. Moreover, our implementation of this controller allows facilitating the transfer towards real-world robots. The code corresponding to this work is available on GitHub.

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Thring, M. W. "Teleoperated Robotics in Hostile Environments, edited by H. Lee Martin and Daniel P. Kuban. Robotics International of SME (Distributed in the U. K. byAmerican Technical Publishers, Hitchin, Herts.), 1985 (£35)." Robotica 5, no. 1 (January 1987): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700009772.

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15

Li, Yi, Yuteng Xu, Zhenguo Wu, Lei Ma, Mingfei Guo, Zhixin Li, and Yanbiao Li. "A comprehensive review on fish-inspired robots." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 19, no. 3 (May 1, 2022): 172988062211037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17298806221103707.

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Recently, the increasing interest in underwater exploration motivates the development of aquatic unmanned vehicles. To execute hazardous tasks in an unknown or even hostile environment, researchers have directed on developing biomimetic robots inspired by the extraordinary maneuverability, cruising speed, and propulsion efficiency of fish. Nevertheless, the performance of current prototypes still has gaps compared with that of real fishes. In this review, recent approaches in structure designs, actuators, and sensors are presented. In addition, the theoretical methods for modeling the robotic fishes are consolidated, and the control strategies are offered. Finally, the current challenges are summarized, and possible future directions are deeply discussed. It is expected that the emergence of new engineering and biological technologies will enhance the field of robotic fish for further advancement.

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Marzouqi, Mohamed S., and Ray A. Jarvis. "New visibility-based path-planning approach for covert robotic navigation." Robotica 24, no. 6 (August 8, 2006): 759–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574706002931.

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A new promising approach for visibility-sensitive path-planning problems is presented. The paper focuses on covert navigation where a mobile robot needs to plan a stealthy path to approach a designated destination in a cluttered environment. The aim is to minimize the robot's exposure to hostile sentries within the same environment. The approach can be adapted to work with different levels of initial knowledge the robot may have about both the environment map and the sentries' locations. The approach depends on estimating a cost value at each free-space location that presents the risk of being seen by any sentry. Based on the distance transform algorithm methodology, the minimum visibility–distance cost to a goal is calculated at each cell in the grid-based environment map. Moving along the steepest descent trajectory from any starting point generates an optimal covert path to a goal. The approach has been evaluated with both simulated and physical experiments. A number of test cases are presented. In each case, a path with considerable covertness, compared to a short path to the same destination, is generated. In addition to covert navigation, the approach is introduced briefly as a potential solution for other visibility-based path-planning problems.

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Menezes, Amor A., and Pierre T. Kabamba. "Realizing the promise of robotic self-x systems." Robotica 29, no. 1 (January 2011): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574710000834.

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Consider a robot trying to accomplish a mission in an unfamiliar, hostile, and dynamic environment. As the robot encounters a seemingly insurmountable obstacle, it quickly reconfigures itself into two smaller robots, and with the aid of a nearby puddle of water, these two robots conduct self-detection procedures to confirm successful reconfiguration. One robot then calibrates itself using its reduced sensor suite and begins climbing over the obstacle, whilst the other robot folds itself into a compact structure and finds a crevice it can use to bypass the obstacle. But when the obstacle shifts, both robots send signals to a base to warn of impending mission failure. A copy of the original robot, located at the base, receives these warning signals and initiates a rapid self-replication process by assembling available resources. The resultant robotic offspring are then ready to continue the mission when called upon.

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Tamali, Abderrahmane, Nourredine Amardjia, and Mohammed Tamali. "Distributed and autonomous multi-robot for task allocation and collaboration using a greedy algorithm and robot operating system platform." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v13i2.pp205-219.

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Research investigations in the realm of micro-robotics often center around strategies addressing the multi-robot task allocation (MRTA) problem. Our contribution delves into the collaborative dynamics of micro-robots deployed in targeted hostile environments. Employing advanced algorithms, these robots play a crucial role in enhancing and streamlining operations within sensitive areas. We adopt a tailored GREEDY approach, strategically adjusting weight parameters in a multi-objective function that serves as a cost metric. The objective function, designed for optimization purposes, aggregates the cost functions of all agents involved. Our evaluation meticulously examines the MRTA efficiency for each micro-robot, considering dependencies on factors such as radio connectivity, available energy, and the absolute and relative availability of agents. The central focus is on validating the positive trend associated with an increasing number of agents constituting the cluster. Our methodology introduces a trio of micro-robots, unveiling a flexible strategy aimed at detecting individuals at risk in demanding environments. Each micro-robot within the cluster is equipped with logic that ensures compatibility and cooperation, enabling them to effectively execute assigned missions. The implementation of MRTA-based collaboration algorithms serves as an adaptive strategy, optimizing agents' mobility based on specific criteria related to the characteristics of the target site.<p class="JAMRISAbstract"> </p>

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Lin, Weison, Adewale Adetomi, and Tughrul Arslan. "Low-Power Ultra-Small Edge AI Accelerators for Image Recognition with Convolution Neural Networks: Analysis and Future Directions." Electronics 10, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172048.

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Edge AI accelerators have been emerging as a solution for near customers’ applications in areas such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), image recognition sensors, wearable devices, robotics, and remote sensing satellites. These applications require meeting performance targets and resilience constraints due to the limited device area and hostile environments for operation. Numerous research articles have proposed the edge AI accelerator for satisfying the applications, but not all include full specifications. Most of them tend to compare the architecture with other existing CPUs, GPUs, or other reference research, which implies that the performance exposé of the articles are not comprehensive. Thus, this work lists the essential specifications of prior art edge AI accelerators and the CGRA accelerators during the past few years to define and evaluate the low power ultra-small edge AI accelerators. The actual performance, implementation, and productized examples of edge AI accelerators are released in this paper. We introduce the evaluation results showing the edge AI accelerator design trend about key performance metrics to guide designers. Last but not least, we give out the prospect of developing edge AI’s existing and future directions and trends, which will involve other technologies for future challenging constraints.

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Álvarez, Bárbara, Pedro Sánchez-Palma, Juan A. Pastor, and Francisco Ortiz. "An architectural framework for modeling teleoperated service robots." Robotica 24, no. 4 (December 6, 2005): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574705002407.

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Teleoperated robots are used to perform tasks that human operators cannot carry out because of the nature of the tasks themselves or the hostile nature of the working environment. Though many control architectures have been defined for developing these kinds of systems reusing common components, none has attained all its objectives because of the high variability of system behaviors. This paper presents a new architectural approach that takes into account the latest advances in robotic architectures while adopting a component-oriented approach. This approach provides a common framework for developing robotized systems with very different behaviors and for integrating intelligent components. The architecture is currently being used, tested and improved in the development of a family of teleoperated robots which perform cleaning of ship-hull surfaces.

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Luo, Wenhao. "Towards Safe and Resilient Autonomy in Multi-Robot Systems." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 13 (June 26, 2023): 15449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i13.26816.

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In the near future, autonomous systems such as multi-robot systems are envisioned to increasingly co-exist with hu- mans in our daily lives, from household service to large- scale warehouse logistics, agriculture environment sampling, and smart city. In these applications, robots and humans as networked heterogeneous components will frequently inter- act with each other in a variety of scenarios under uncer- tain, rapidly-changing, and possibly hostile environment. On one hand, harmonious interactions among robots, as well as between robots and humans, would require safe integration (e.g. collision-free close-proximity interactions) of heteroge- neous robots, human, and human-robot autonomy. On the other hand, reliable interactions among autonomous multi- robot systems often call for resilient system integrity (e.g. communication capability with potential robot failures) to re- tain its capability of accomplishing complex tasks through coordinated behaviors. In the proposed talk, I will discuss our recent works towards safe autonomy and resilient autonomy that aim to facilitate correct-by-design robotic behaviors in a variety of applications.

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da Silva, Adenilson R., Luiz C. Gadelha de Souza, and Bernd Schäfer. "Joint Dynamics Modeling and Parameter Identification for Space Robot Applications." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2007 (2007): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/12361.

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Long-term mission identification and model validation for in-flight manipulator control system in almost zero gravity with hostile space environment are extremely important for robotic applications. In this paper, a robot joint mathematical model is developed where several nonlinearities have been taken into account. In order to identify all the required system parameters, an integrated identification strategy is derived. This strategy makes use of a robust version of least-squares procedure (LS) for getting the initial conditions and a general nonlinear optimization method (MCS—multilevel coordinate search—algorithm) to estimate the nonlinear parameters. The approach is applied to the intelligent robot joint (IRJ) experiment that was developed at DLR for utilization opportunity on the International Space Station (ISS). The results using real and simulated measurements have shown that the developed algorithm and strategy have remarkable features in identifying all the parameters with good accuracy.

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Wright, Blake. "Common Ground: The Unique Synergy Between the Oil Field and Aerospace." Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, no. 12 (December 1, 2023): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1223-0038-jpt.

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Though disparate locations, outer space and the oil field have much more in common than one might think. Both can be taxing on operations and often redefine the idea of an isolated and, at times, hostile work environment. Harsh atmospheric conditions and wide-ranging pressure regimes call for unique technological applications and operations to achieve the best performance and results, whether it’s the gravitational and meteorological challenges of another planet or the crushing pressures and changing meta-ocean conditions of the deep offshore. Despite the obvious differences, operating in both the terran oil field and the blackness of space offer hurdles that can be cleared by similar means. Shared technologies between the two industries have been around for decades and center around disciplines like automation, robotics, and remote sensing. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) itself has dabbled in oilfield studies, especially when it comes to greenhouse gas emissions and their impact on the atmosphere. In 2021, the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, along with the University of Arizona and Arizona State University, completed a study to identify methane super-emitters in the Permian Basin. The month-long, airborne study concluded that fixing the worst leaks identified in the area’s infrastructure could cut methane emissions by 55 tons an hour, equivalent to 5.5% of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s estimates of all methane emissions from hydrocarbon production across the entire US. The study pointed to malfunctioning equipment as the likely culprit for the 123 sources found. Conversely, NASA has also tapped into oilfield technology for some of its planned drilling operations on the moon. It will be the first such operation on any planetary body outside of the Earth. One of the earliest directives of NASA’s Artemis program is to try and find water near the lunar South Pole. Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment-1 (PRIME-1) will be the first in-situ resource utilization demonstration on the moon. For the first time, NASA will robotically sample and analyze for ice from below the surface. PRIME-1 will use TRIDENT (The Regolith and Ice Drill for Exploring New Terrain) to drill in a single location at a site with a high likelihood of having water, whether in liquid or ice form. TRIDENT was developed and supplied by Honeybee Robotics, which also supplies geotechnical tools and sensors, among other tech, to the oil patch. The system, to be integrated into VIPER, NASA’s first robotic moon rover, will drill about a meter below the surface, each time bringing up samples that NASA will analyze with a mass spectrometer. The launch of the NOVA-C, which carries the PRIME-1, was previously delayed. At press time, the payload was due to blast off on board Space X’s Falcon 9 rocket in early 2024. NASA said in October the VIPER will reach its destination at Mons Mouton near the lunar South Pole in November 2024.

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Trembanis, Arthur C., Alex L. Forrest, Douglas C. Miller, Darlene S. S. Lim, Michael L. Gernhardt, and William L. Todd. "Multiplatform Ocean Exploration: Insights From the NEEMO Space Analog Mission." Marine Technology Society Journal 46, no. 4 (July 1, 2012): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.46.4.2.

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AbstractSince the beginning of space exploration, methods and protocols of exploration have been developed using space analogs on Earth to reduce research costs, develop safe deployment/retrieval protocols, and ready astronauts for hostile environments in less threatening settings. Space analogs are required as much as ever today as astronauts and scientists develop new tools and techniques for exploration, while working to address evolving mission objectives from low-earth orbit to deep-space exploration. This study examines coordinated human and robotic exploration at the Aquarius Underwater Habitat off of the coast of Key Largo, Florida, in support of the NEEMO 15 (NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations) program. The exploration scheme presented in this work fuses (1) robotic precursor missions as a means of remote sensing data collection; (2) crowdsourcing to process immense amounts of data to identify key targets of interest that might be missed in the tight cycle of mission operations; and (3) human exploration to examine locations directly up close and collect physical samples that require involved sampling techniques. Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and single-person submersibles, called DeepWorkers™, were used as underwater analogs of robotic systems currently being used and human-operated vehicles (HOVs) proposed for use on a Near Earth Asteroid (NEA), the Moon, or Mars. In addition to operational lessons learned for space exploration that are directly applicable to ocean exploration, ocean floor mapping provides new levels of detail of benthic habitat critical for coral reef monitoring and management. Opportunistic (onsite adaptive) data sampling also took place by placing self-recording instrumentation onto each of the DeepWorkers, increasing the collection of scientific information during the submersible missions and contributing to mission planning for optimal and efficient use of expensive assets.

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Kadeem, Sahar R. Abdul, Ali Naser, Ahmed R. Hassan, and Ghufran Abbas Betti. "Artificial Neural Network-Powered, Driverless Vehicle Concept Development." AlKadhum Journal of Science 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2023): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.61710/akjs.v1i2.63.

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Autonomous cars are now possible due to significant advances in robotics and intelligent control systems. Before these vehicles can safely operate in traffic and other hostile environments, there are many navigation, vision, and control issues. We want techniques that are both cost-effective and efficient, so that the field of research and academia may fully embrace self-driving cars. Within this scenario, we need something that can convert people to autonomous automobiles and include existing vehicles so that academics and explorers can access them. This study proposes a flexible mechanical layout that can be assembled in a short time and installed in most modern automobiles; it can also be used as a stepping stone in the development of autonomous vehicles. Using various actuators, conventional automobiles can be converted into autonomous vehicles. In the context of motor vehicle automation, motors are often used as actuators. In addition to motors, a pneumatic system was developed to automate the predetermined steps. An autonomous vehicle's mechanical arrangement is crucial, and it must be regularly updated and built to be robust in the face of dynamic conditions. We re-implemented two additional convolutional neural networks in an effort to conduct an objective test of their proposed network and compare our system's structure, technical complexity, and performance test during autonomous driving with theirs. This predicted network is around 250 times larger than the Alex Net network and four times larger than Pilot Net after training. Although the complexity and measurement of the publication's system are lower than other models that contribute lower latency and greater speed throughout inference, the operation was claimed by our system, which achieved autonomous driving with an equivalent efficacy as that achieved with two other models. The projected deep neural system reduces the need to infer ultra-fast computational hardware. This is important for cost efficiency, scale, and cost.

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Sharma, Chinmay. "Hostile Environment." Wasafiri 37, no. 3 (July 3, 2022): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690055.2022.2067228.

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Scott, Peter B. "Teleoperator Robotics In Hostile Environments, edited by H.L. Martin and D.P. Kuban, 273 pp., Society of Manufacturing Engineers, USA, 1985 ($35). - Computer Aided Process Planning, edited by I. Tulkoff, 238 pp., Society of Manufacturing Engineers, USA, 1985 ($35)." Robotica 4, no. 4 (October 1986): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700010110.

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Wakefield, Benjamin. "The hostile environment." Gastrointestinal Nursing 16, no. 4 (May 2, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/gasn.2018.16.4.5.

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Zhao, Lidu, Yihui Yang, Zhongfu Xiang, Shuangcheng Zhang, Xinrui Li, Xuqiao Wang, Xiaping Ma, et al. "A Novel Low-Cost GNSS Solution for the Real-Time Deformation Monitoring of Cable Saddle Pushing: A Case Study of Guojiatuo Suspension Bridge." Remote Sensing 14, no. 20 (October 16, 2022): 5174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14205174.

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Extreme loadings, a hostile environment and dangerous operation lead to the unsafe state of bridges under construction, especially large-span bridges. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) tend to be the best choice for real-time deformation monitoring due to the significant advantage of automation, continuation, all-weather operation and high precision. Unfortunately, the traditional geodetic GNSS instrument with its high price and large volume is limited in its applications. Hence, we design and develop low-cost GNSS equipment by simplifying the monitoring module. The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated through an experimental dynamic scenario, proving its ability to track abrupt deformation down to 3–5 mm. We take Chongqing Guojiatuo Suspension Bridge in China as a case study. We build a real-time low-cost GNSS monitoring cloud platform. The low-cost bridge GNSS monitoring stations are located at the top of the south and north towers, midspan upstream and downstream respectively and the reference station is located in the stable zone 400 m away from the bridge management buildings. We conducted a detailed experimental assessment of low-cost GNSS on 5 April and a real-time deformation detection experiment of the towers and main cables during the dynamic cable saddle pushing process on 26 February 2022. In the static experiment, the standard deviation of the residual using the multi-GNSS solution is 2 mm in the horizontal direction and 5 mm in the vertical direction. The multi-GNSS solution significantly outperforms the BDS/GPS single system. The dynamic experiment shows that, compared with the movement measured by the robotic total station, the horizontal error of the south tower and north tower measured by low-cost GNSS is below 0.005 m and 0.008 m respectively. This study highlights the potential of low-cost GNSS solutions for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications.

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Nomura, Yuji. "Environment-aware Robotics." NTT Technical Review 15, no. 10 (October 2017): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr201710fa8.

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MACHIDA, Kazuo. "Space environment and robotics." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 7, no. 1 (1989): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.7.87.

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Pink, Harriette. "Challenging a hostile work environment." Veterinary Record 188, no. 1 (January 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.67.

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Wardle, Huon, and Laura Obermuller. "“Windrush Generation” and “Hostile Environment”." Migration and Society 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arms.2019.020108.

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The Windrush scandal belongs to a much longer arc of Caribbean-British transmigration, forced and free. The genesis of the scandal can be found in the post–World War II period, when Caribbean migration was at first strongly encouraged and then increasingly harshly constrained. This reflection traces the effects of these changes as they were experienced in the lives of individuals and families. In the Caribbean this recent scandal is understood as extending the longer history of colonial relations between Britain and the Caribbean and as a further reason to demand reparations for slavery. Experiences of the Windrush generation recall the limbo dance of the middle passage; the dancer moves under a bar that is gradually lowered until a mere slit remains.

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Brinker, Jeffrey A. "Expansion within a hostile environment." Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis 44, no. 4 (August 1998): 378–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0304(199808)44:4<378::aid-ccd2>3.0.co;2-1.

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Meshcheryakov, Roman, and Boris Ilyukhin. "Review of robotics competition. Games sport robotics." Robotics and Technical Cybernetics 10, no. 4 (December 2022): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31776/rtcj.1020402.

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The development of robotics technologies requires an increase in the level of scientific and technical developments and the creation of a profile reserve, as well as the formation of a system for training highly qualified specialists. One of the ways to assess the achieved level of development and qualifications of engineering teams is to hold competitions at various levels. The article provides an overview of various events in competitive robotics. In the first part, the competition in the ground and underground environment is considered. The competitions are structured according to the format, type of the competition, the environment of functioning and the age of the participants. Conclusions are made about the prospects of various events of competitive robotics, as well as the relevance of some of them.

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Borenstein, Jason. "Robotics, Ethics, and the Environment." International Journal of Technoethics 3, no. 2 (April 2012): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jte.2012040103.

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As robots become more pervasive and take on an ever-growing number of tasks, exploring ethical issues relating to the technology takes on increasing importance. Specifically, the manufacturing and sale of personal service robots could be severely detrimental to the environment. Ideally, members of the robotics community would develop a comprehensive awareness of the complex ethical and environmental consequences emerging from their design pathways before historical patterns are repeated.

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SINGER, PETER. "Applied ethics in a hostile environment." Theoria 57, no. 1-2 (February 11, 2008): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-2567.1991.tb00543.x.

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D’Hauteserre, Anne-Marie. "Destination Branding in a Hostile Environment." Journal of Travel Research 39, no. 3 (February 2001): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728750103900308.

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Stephen Knight. "Taking the ‘Hostile Environment’ to Court." Socialist Lawyer, no. 78 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/socialistlawyer.78.0038.

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McColl, Kenneth E. L. "Hostile Environment of the Gastroesophageal Junction." Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 41, Supplement 2 (July 2007): S102—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0b013e31803d0fa4.

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41

Bloomfield, Jon. "The horrors of the hostile environment." Political Quarterly 91, no. 1 (January 2020): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-923x.12804.

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Youngers, Coletta, and Jo-Marie Burt. "Defending Rights in a Hostile Environment." NACLA Report on the Americas 34, no. 1 (July 2000): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2000.11725606.

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43

Hamilton, Arthur J., and Peter A. Veglahn. "Sexual Harassement The Hostile Work Environment." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 33, no. 2 (April 1992): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088049203300225.

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Whitehead, D. G., A. R. Fleming, I. M. Bell, A. Pugh, and P. Sweeting. "Dynamic weighing in a hostile environment." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 11, no. 3 (July 1989): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014233128901100307.

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45

Hamilton, A. "Sexual harassment: The hostile work environment." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 33, no. 2 (April 1992): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8804(92)90087-l.

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Lyerly, Eric. "Did court dismiss hostile environment claims?" College Athletics and the Law 19, no. 12 (March 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/catl.31146.

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47

Zafra Navarro, Alberto, Javier Rodriguez Juan, Victor Igelmo García, Enrique Ruiz Zúñiga, and Jose Garcia-Rodriguez. "UniRoVE: Unified Robot Virtual Environment Framework." Machines 11, no. 8 (August 3, 2023): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11080798.

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With robotics applications playing an increasingly significant role in our daily lives, it is crucial to develop effective methods for teaching and understanding their behavior. However, limited access to physical robots in educational institutions and companies poses a significant obstacle for many individuals. To overcome this barrier, a novel framework that combines realistic robot simulation and intuitive control mechanisms within a virtual reality environment is presented. By accurately emulating the physical characteristics and behaviors of various robots, this framework offers an immersive and authentic learning experience. Through an intuitive control interface, users can interact naturally with virtual robots, facilitating the acquisition of practical robotics skills. In this study, a qualitative assessment to evaluate the effectiveness and user satisfaction with the framework is conducted. The results highlighted its usability, realism, and educational value. Specifically, the framework bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in robotics, enabling users to gain hands-on experience and develop a deeper understanding of robot behavior and control strategies. Compared to existing approaches, the framework provides a more accessible and effective alternative for interacting with robots, particularly for individuals with limited physical access to such devices. In conclusion, the study presents a comprehensive framework that leverages virtual reality technology to enhance the learning and training process in robotics. By combining realistic simulations and intuitive controls, this framework represents a significant advancement in providing an immersive and effective learning environment. The positive user feedback obtained from the study reinforces the value and potential of the framework in facilitating the acquisition of essential robotics skills. Ultimately, this work contributes to flattening the robotics learning curve and promoting broader access to robotics education.

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Mészáros, Attila, and József Sárosi. "Soft Robotics." Analecta Technica Szegedinensia 16, no. 1 (August 5, 2022): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.8-13.

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Widely used robot systems have a rigid base structure that limits the interaction with their environment. Due to the inflexible attachment points, conventional robotic structures can only manipulate objects with their special gripping system. It can be difficult for these systems to grasp objects with different shapes, handle complex surfaces or navigating in a heavily crowded environment. Many of the species observed in nature, like octopuses are able to perform complex sequences of movements using their soft-structured limbs, which are made up entirely of muscle and connective tissue. Researchers have been inspired to design and build robots based on these soft biological systems. Thanks to the soft structure and high degree of freedom, these soft robots can be used for tasks that would be extremely difficult to perform with traditional robot manipulators. This article discusses the capabilities and usability of soft robots, reviews the state of the art, and outlines the challenges in designing, modelling, manufacturing, and controlling.

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Meshcheryakov, Roman, and Boris Ilyukhin. "Review of robotics competition. Special and rescue underground robotics." Robotics and Technical Cybernetics 11, no. 1 (March 2023): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31776/rtcj.11101.

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The development of robotics technologies requires an increase in the level of scientific and technical developments and the creation of a profile reserve, as well as the formation of a system for training highly qualified specialists. One of the ways to assess the achieved level of development and qualifications of engineering teams is to hold competitions at various levels. The article provides an overview of various events in competitive robotics. In the first part, the competition in the ground and underground environment is considered. The competitions are structured according to the format, type of the competition, the environment of functioning and the age of the participants. Conclusions are made about the prospects of various events of competitive robotics, as well as the relevance of some of them.

50

Oliveira, Eugénio, R. Camacho, and C. Ramos. "A multi-agent environment in robotics." Robotica 9, no. 4 (December 1991): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700000618.

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SUMMARYThe use of Multi-Agent Systems as a Distributed AI paradigm for Robotics is the principal aim of our present work. In this paper we consider the needed concepts and a suitable architecture for a set of Agents in order to make it possible for them to cooperate in solving non-trivial tasks.Agents are sets of different software modules, each one implementing a function required for cooperation. A Monitor, an Acquaintance and Self-knowledge Modules, an Agenda and an Input queue, on the top of each Intelligent System, are fundamental modules that guarantee the process of cooperation, while the overall aim is devoted to the community of cooperative Agents. These Agents, which our testbed concerns, include Vision, Planner, World Model and the Robot itself.

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