Дисертації з теми "Road safety engineering"
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De, la Gardie Fredrik. "Road unevenness relation to road safety - a vehicle dynamics study." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226531.
Повний текст джерелаArbetet avser att, ur ett fordonsdynamiskt perspektiv, studera vägojämnhetens påverkan på trafiksäkerheten. Det långsiktiga målet med arbetet är att kunna prioritera vilka vägavsnitt som behöver repareras före andra. Studien behandlar hur nära en acceptabel säkerhetsgräns fordonet ligger rent fordonsdynamiskt när den färdas över vissa vägunderlag. Det gäller såväl på raksträckor som vid kurvtagning där vägytan har större ojämnheter (svackor) och gupp eller gropar. Metodiken som har använts är datasimulering. Utifrån en Volvo S40 har en fordonsmodell byggts upp i Matlab och inverkan av de olika typerna av vägojämnheter har sedan analyserats. Krafter som skapas från vägojämnheter jämförs sedan med de normalkrafter som en förare behöver för att korrigera kursen utifrån friktionen mellan däck och vägbana. Utifrån detta kan en manövermarginal uppskattas och på så sätt kan tolkning ske hur vida ett vägavsnitt bidrar mer eller mindre, jämfört med ett annat avsnitt, till att fordonet befinner sig närmare en trafiksäker gräns rent fordonsdynamiskt. Analysen har gjorts utifrån antagandet att fordonet har färdats med en hastighet på 70 km/h över de olika vägprofilerna. För större ojämnheter och svackor i vägbanan visar resultaten att både fram och bakdäck kan uppta de nödvändiga sidkrafterna för att stabilitet skall upprätthållas då goda vägförhållanden råder. Men skulle greppet försämras exempelvis av grus, halka etc. så föreligger risk att fordonet tappar styrförmåga och/eller får sladd. En begränsning i denna studie är att inga förarbeteenden eller slumpmässiga händelser kommer analyseras men däremot kommer dessa tas med i den övergripande diskussionen. Dessutom har ojämnheterna antagits vara beskrivna av sinus-funktioner och däcken har beskrivits av en modell som ej tar hänsyn till laterala egenskaper. För att kunna bestämma en maximal hastighet under vilken en kontroll över fordonet kan upprätthållas under hela sträckan oavsett manöver är det av vikt att ett vägavsnitt med varierande ojämnheter analyseras. För att vidareutveckla denna modell och göra den mer robust och aktuell rekommenderas att indata uppdateras med relevanta data för en idag representativ bil samt att modelleringen genomförs i full skala. Om modellen kan verifieras med uppmätta normalkrafter för en bil som har färdats över olika ojämnheter eller gupp vore det värdefullt. Att även implementera uppmätta vägprofiler så att realistiska exempel kan analyseras skulle dessutom ge ännu mer verklighetstrogna analyser.
Mohammad, Mahmud Abdulla. "Video-based situation assessment for road safety." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/94047/.
Повний текст джерелаVelaj, Xhilda. "New technology for road safety." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21885/.
Повний текст джерелаZanule, Paul Gudoi. "Road Management System and Road Safety in Uganda." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/368.
Повний текст джерелаMilligan, Craig Alexander. "Risk analysis of performance measure forecasts in road safety engineering." Elsevier, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30226.
Повний текст джерелаGreen, Eric R. "SEGMENTATION STRATEGIES FOR ROAD SAFETY ANALYSIS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/62.
Повний текст джерелаAhn, Heejin. "Safety verification and control for collision avoidance at road intersections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119339.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-149).
Car crashes cause a large number of fatalities and injuries, with about 33,000 people killed and 2.3 million injured in the United States every year. To prevent car crashes, the government and automotive companies have taken initiatives to develop and deploy communications among vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. By using such communications, we design centralized coordinators at road intersections, called supervisors, that monitor the dynamical state of vehicles and the current input of drivers and override them if necessary to prevent a collision. The primary technical problem in the design of such systems is to determine if the current drivers' input will cause an unavoidable future collision, in which case the supervisor must override the drivers at the current time to prevent the collision. This problem is called safety verification problem which is known to be computationally intractable for general dynamical systems. Our approach to solving the safety verification problem is to translate it to a computationally more tractable scheduling problem. When modeling an intersection as a single conflict area inside which the paths of vehicles intersect, we exactly solve the scheduling problem with algorithms that can handle a small number of vehicles in real-time. For a larger number of vehicles or with more complex intersection models, we approximately solve it within quantified approximation bounds by using mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulations that, despite the combinatorial complexity, can be solved in real-time by available software such as CPLEX. Based on the solutions to the safety verification problem, we design a supervisor and prove that it ensures safety and is nonblocking, another major challenge of verification-based algorithms. We validate the supervisor using computer simulations and experiments.
by Heejin Ahn.
Ph. D.
Al-Haji, Ghazwan. "Road Safety Development Index : Theory, Philosophy and Practice." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8812.
Повний текст джерелаDenna avhandling utvecklar, presenterar och testar ett nytt internationellt verktyg, det så kallade Road Safety Development Index (RSDI), vilket på ett begripligt och lättillgängligt sätt beskriver trafiksäkerhetsläget i ett visst land jämfört med andra länder. Resultatet av RSDI utgörs av tre grundpelare. Den första pelaren är Fokus på människor (vägtrafikbeteende). Den andra är Fokus på systemet (säkrare fordon, säkrare vägar, beivrande, management, osv). Den tredje pelaren är Fokus på produkten med avseende på antal döda per fordon och per invånare. Arbetet analyserar var och en av dessa tre pelare. RSDI kopplar dessutom samman de viktigaste nationella praxisarna och erfarenheterna med varandra och till slutresultaten (antal dödsfall). Studien föreslår en lista med de viktigaste indikatorerna på hur olika länder vidtar åtgärder för trafiksäkerheten. Grundat på denna “master-lista” kan en kort lista med de viktigaste indikatorerna skapas och klassificeras i två huvudkategorier för två typer av länder: LMC “länder med låg andel fordon” och HMC “länder med hög andel fordon”. RSDI aggregerar de viktigaste performance-indikatorerna till ett enda kvantitativt mått (ett sammansatt index). Fyra olika objektiva och subjektiva huvudangreppssätt används för att beräkna RSDI och bestämma vilket av dem som är det bästa. En metod använder sig av lika stora vikter för alla indikatorer och länder, medan en annan metod ger olika vikter beroende på indikatorernas betydelse. Två empiriska studier genomfördes i olika delar av världen för att bestämma tillämpligheten av detta verktyg i verkliga situationer. Den första empiriska studien kommer från åtta länder i Europa (HMC-länder). Den andra empiriska studien har gjorts i fem länder i Sydostasien (LMC-länder). Resultaten från detta RSDI tyder på en anmärkningsvärd skillnad mellan de valda länderna, också om andelen bilägare och/eller andra variabler för trafiksäkerhet hålls konstanta. Bristen på jämförbara och användbara data medför problem vid en djupare analys av RSDI för olika delar av världen. De empiriska och teoretiska skattningarna visar att RSDI kan ge en bredare bild av hela trafiksäkerhetssituationen i ett land jämfört med traditionella modeller och kan erbjuda ett enkelt och lättförståeligt verktyg för de nationella beslutsfattarna liksom för allmänheten.
Jaroszweski, David John. "Climate change and road freight safety : impacts and opportunities." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1220/.
Повний текст джерелаAl-Matawah, Jamal Ahmed. "An investigation of driver attitudes towards road safety in Kuwait." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/73295/.
Повний текст джерелаMollet, C. J. "The analysis of road traffic accident data in the implementation of road safety remedial programmes." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52483.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: A road safety remedial programme has as an objective the improvement of road transportation safety by applying road safety engineering remedial measures to hazardous road network elements in a manner that will be economically efficient. Since accident data is the primary manifestation of poor safety levels it must be analysed in manner that will support the overall objective of economic efficiency. Three steps in the process of implementing a road safety remedial programme, that rely on the systematic analysis of accident data, are the identification of hazardous locations, the ranking of hazardous locations and the evaluation of remedial measure effectiveness. The efficiency of a road safety remedial programme can be enhanced by using appropriate methodologies to measure safety, identify and rank hazardous locations and to determine the effectiveness of road safety remedial measures. There are a number of methodologies available to perform these tasks, although some perform much better than other. Methodologies based on the Empirical Bayesian approach generally provide better results than the Conventional methods. Bayesian methodologies are not often used in South Africa. To do so would require the additional training of students and engineering professionals as well as more research by tertiary and other research institutions. The efficiency of a road safety remedial programme can be compromised by using poor quality accident data. In South Africa the quality of accident data is generally poor and should more attention be given to the proper management and control of accident data. This thesis will report on, investigate and evaluate Bayesian and Conventional accident data analysis methodologies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van 'n padveiligheidsverbeteringsprogram is om op die mees koste effektiewe manier die veiligheid van onveilige padnetwerkelemente te verbeter deur die toepassing van ingenieursmaatreëls. Aangesien padveiligheid direk verband hou met verkeersongelukke vereis die koste effektiewe implementering van 'n padveiligheidsverbeteringsprogram die doelgerigte en korrekte ontleding van ongeluksdata. Om 'n padveiligheidsverbeteringsprogram te implementeer word die ontleding van ongeluksdata verlang vir die identifisering en priortisering van gevaarkolle, sowel as om die effektiwiteit van verbeteringsmaatreëls te bepaal. Die koste effektiwiteit van 'n padveiligheidsverbeteringsprogram kan verbeter word deur die regte metodes te kies om padveiligheid te meet, gevaarkolle te identifiseer en te prioritiseer en om die effektiwiteit van verbeteringsmaatreëls te bepaal. Daar is verskeie metodes om hierdie ontledings te doen, alhoewel sommige van die metodes beter is as ander. Die 'Bayesian' metodes lewer oor die algemeen beter resultate as die gewone konvensionele metodes. 'Bayesian' metodes word nie. in Suid Afrika toegepas nie. Om dit te doen sal addisionele opleiding van studente en ingenieurs vereis, sowel as addisionele navorsing deur universiteite en ander navorsing instansies. Die gebruik van swak kwaliteit ongeluksdata kan die integriteit van 'n padveiligheidsverbeteringsprogram benadeel. Die kwaliteit van ongeluksdata in Suid Afrika is oor die algemeen swak en behoort meer aandag gegee te word aan die bestuur en kontrole van ongeluksdata. Die doel van hierdie tesis is om verslag te doen oor 'Bayesian' en konvensionele metodes wat gebruik kan word om ongeluksdata te ontleed, dit te ondersoek en te evalueer.
Abuzwidah, Muamer Ali M. "Evaluation and modeling of the safety of open road tolling system." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4738.
Повний текст джерелаID: 031001573; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Title from PDF title page (viewed August 26, 2013).; : .; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-103).
M.S.
Masters
Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering; Transportation System Engineering Track
Balogh, Samu Márton. "Perceived safety of cyclists : The role of road attributes." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214830.
Повний текст джерелаJones, Joshua Reid. "A Method to Quantify Road Safety Audit Data and Results." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1544.
Повний текст джерелаDavies, Paul Anthony. "A methodology for the quantitative risk assessment of the road and rail transport of explosives." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1990. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32807.
Повний текст джерелаPratyaksa, Prabha. "Safety evaluation of converging chevron pavement markings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47697.
Повний текст джерелаLopez, Edith. "TUNNEL ROAD SAFETY: A LOOK AT OLDER DRIVERS’ PERFORMANCE AND SIGHT IMPAIRMENT." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1177.
Повний текст джерелаSin, Jerome Ga Nok. "Safety impact study of centerline rumble strips in Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51775.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Jasmine A. "The Relationship between Bicycles and Traffic Safety for All Road Users." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1347.
Повний текст джерелаUsman, Muhammad Faisal. "Road safety investigation of the interaction between driver and cyclist." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17401/.
Повний текст джерелаBall, Stephen Clifford. "The construction of local road safety issues : when lay and professional discourses collide." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1554.
Повний текст джерелаEgilmez, Gokhan. "Road Safety Assessment of U.S. States: A Joint Frontier and Neural Network ModelingApproach." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1374854708.
Повний текст джерелаNicholls, J. C. "Extending the range of durable road surfacings that both provide safety and minimise environmental impact." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299083.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Le-Le. "Increasing the road safety of e-bike : design of protective shells based on stability criteria." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41253/.
Повний текст джерелаGomli, Dastan, and Erik Lindström. "Visual Communication Console : Sharing Safety-Critical Information between Heavy Vehicles and Vulnerable Road Users." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18371.
Повний текст джерелаShaik, Mohammed Soban. "Impact on transportation during Covid-19 crisis and road safety measures in pandemic." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22717/.
Повний текст джерелаDelgado, Isidro. "Modeling Roadside Safety Hazards to Predict Annual Crash Cost to Encroaching Vehicles in Rural Road Networks." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3055.
Повний текст джерелаBoonsiripant, Saroch. "Speed profile variation as a surrogate measure of road safety based on GPS-equipped vehicle data." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28275.
Повний текст джерелаCommittee Chair: Hunter, Michael; Committee Member: Dixon, Karen; Committee Member: Guensler, Randall; Committee Member: Rodgers, Michael; Committee Member: Tsui, Kwok-Leung.
Tshaai, Dineo Christina. "Optimisation of Rail-road Level Crossing Closing Time in a Heterogenous Railway Traffic: Towards Safety Improvement - South African Case Study." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33056.
Повний текст джерелаSim, Samuel Wook. "An initial investigation for a monitoring program for the safety performance of design exceptions in Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45815.
Повний текст джерелаSahin, Murat. "Design And Simulation Of An Abs For An Integrated Active Safety System For Road Vehicles." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608801/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKing, Mark Johann. "Case studies of the transfer of road safety knowledge and expertise from western countries to Thailand and Vietnam, using an ecological road safety space model : elephants in traffic and rice cooker helmets." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16191/1/Mark_King_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKing, Mark Johann. "Case studies of the transfer of road safety knowledge and expertise from western countries to Thailand and Vietnam, using an ecological road safety space model : elephants in traffic and rice cooker helmets." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16191/.
Повний текст джерелаAkgul, Veysel Dogan. "A Study on Children and School Pedestrians’ Safety in." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12085.
Повний текст джерелаChild pedestrian safety is one of the biggest safety issues regarding planning of a well arranged urban traffic. The fact that vulnerable road users suffer most from traffic incidents also raises concern for children. Children need special care while considering traffic safety. The factors are various that they differ from adults by many aspects. For their physically smaller size, immature ability to judge the traffic situations, lack of experience about traffic and mental deficiencies like losing concentration after short periods, they are much more susceptible to the traffic hazards than adults. Various studies have been carried and many applications regarding child and school pedestrian safety worldwide and the most hazardous periods were found as afternoon hours. Age factor generally is flexible but as the child grows older, mobility increases and risks become larger. The risk factors also include the social and economical environment that children living in good life standards suffer less than those are not. Education is also crucial on adopting the sense of road safety on children’s perspective. Simulation based studies have proved to be effective in order to draw child’s attention to the subject, however it should be combined with field trips to gain a more realistic and solid idea about the matter. Besides, engineering measures rise up as another milestone where roadside and land use planning is important. Traffic calming measures have proved to be effective to warn road users and thus form a safer traffic environment for children. Special applications for school zones such as flashing lights, narrowed crossways or 30km/h areas have been effective. The case study concerns the evaluation of child pedestrian safety in the vicinities of various accidents previously happened in Norrköping. Two methods were used to examine the degree of safety for the places of incidents. For locations near an intersection, road safety audit and traffic conflicts technique were applied, while, for the incident points along streets, only road safety audit technique was used. It is stated that, because of the multivariable aspect of the problem, collective application of various safety evaluation solutions would give better idea on the risk of the location and possible improvements for the future.
Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Zaier Abbas. "Mobility and safety evaluation of integrated dynamic merge and speed control strategies in work zones." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4613.
Повний текст джерелаID: 029050385; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-192).
M.S.
Masters
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Brasile, Claudia. "Users behaviour: the comparison between real and simulated conditions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Знайти повний текст джерелаOktay, Gorkem. "Design And Simulation Of A Traction Control System For An Integrated Active Safety System For Road Vehicles." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610204/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTeixeira, Karênina Martins. "Segurança viária na cidade de Belém." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-09052016-110046/.
Повний текст джерелаThis research focuses on the traffic safety problem in Belém city. For the accomplishment of the work, it was made a diagnosis remains to the traffic safety\'s management in the city and a study of the traffic accidents in ten points considered by the authorities as the most problematic, that it included the analysis of the accidents causes through field auditing. Also some proposals for improvement of the traffic safety\'s management in the city, as well as specific proposals for accidents reduction in the studied places. The generic proposals for the traffic safety\'s improvement in Belém are: more efficient educational campaigns; improvement of the traffic safety\'s management; increase of the number of traffic district attorney and improvement of the inspection plan; assembly of a permanent technicians team with goal of identifying the critical points, to accomplish field auditing in order to identify the accidents causes and, to propose and to establish solutions for reduction of the same ones; etc.
Fahd, Faisal. "Risk Assessment Approach for Evaluating Recycled Materials Use in Road Construction: A Pilot Study." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1230027556.
Повний текст джерелаDagnely, Pierre Guy. "Experimental study of engineered artificial aggregates for the construction of high friction and noise efficient bituminous Micro-Surfacing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Знайти повний текст джерелаČičelienė, Giedrė. "Eismo saugumo tamsiuoju paros metu tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060619_114830-53970.
Повний текст джерелаKoita, Abdourahmane. "Evaluation probabiliste de la dangerosité des trajectoires de véhicules en virages." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626964.
Повний текст джерелаAdolfsson, Alexander, and Daniel Arrhenius. "Overseeing Intersection System for Autonomous Vehicle Guidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254219.
Повний текст джерелаRey, Guillaume. "Approche probabiliste de la sécurité des véhicules légers en zones accidentogènes." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586196.
Повний текст джерелаTekin, Gokhan. "Design And Simulation Of An Integrated Active Yaw Control System For Road Vehicles." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609243/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBicycle Model&rdquo
) is employed to model the desired vehicle behavior. The design of the controller is based on Fuzzy Logic Control, which has proved itself useful for complex nonlinear design problems. Afterwards, the proposed yaw controller has been modified in order to limit the vehicle sideslip angle as well. Integration of the designed active yaw control system with other safety systems such as Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) and Traction Control System (TCS) is another subject of this study. A fuzzy logic based wheel slip controller has also been included in the study in order to integrate two different independent active systems to each other, which, in fact, is a general design approach for real life applications. This integration actually aims to initiate and develop the integration procedure of the active yaw control system with the (ABS). An eight degree of freedom detailed vehicle model with nonlinear tire model is utilized to represent the real vehicle in order to ensure the validity of the results. The simulation is held in MATLAB/Simulink environment, which has provided versatile design and simulation capabilities for this study. Wide-ranging simulations include various maneuvers with different road conditions have been performed in order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller.
Nilsson, Jesper, and Simon Moberg. "Livstidskostnadskalkyl av förstärkning vid landsvägar- Jämförelse mellan rekonstruktion och asfaltpåläggning." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-53446.
Повний текст джерелаEach year, 5 % of the state-owned roads get resurfaced and 1-2% of the state-owned roads are being reinforced. The most common method of reinforcing the weakened roads in Sweden is adding a layer of asphalt on top of the existing surface of the road [1, 3]. Every reinforcement object has its own prerequisite of where the object is located geographically. This means that every object has different proportions for each case (look at bilaga E). Bitumen is an expensive oil product that is used as a binder in the production of asphalt. Each year, tons of bitumen is imported to Sweden at a cost of billions of Swedish crowns. The production of bitumen is not an environmentally friendly type of story [4]. One reinforcement method is to adding a new base and a wearing course layer of asphalt, hereafter called “AG-reinforcement”, which increases the roads height, usually by 10 cm [1, 5]. The new height of the road contributes to the relative lowering of guard railings, to a point where the safety barrier tends to become a “stumbling edge” and increases the risk of vehicular rollovers [6]. When AG-reinforcement is used it will not have a good insulating effect against frost. This could lead to a demand for unreasonably thick layers of asphalt to get the same frost insulating effect as with the measure “reconstruction” [16], (look at bilaga A, E5). During reconstruction, the asphalt pavement is removed and the unbound roadbed gets reinforced before a new (often recycled) bound layer of asphalt is added. This method results in a larger increase of the roads height and demands more work in the side area. With this method, the road safety can be maintained and raised, but requires more re-investment (look at Tabell 11) [1]. Through this report, a lifecostcycle analysis is made by comparing these two reinforcement methods through different conditions for Swedish rural highways. The calculations for the cost is done in a calculation software and the bearing capacity is analyzed in PMS object software, developed by the Swedish Transport Administration. The results show that on straight roads, present value of the investment is 15 % higher during reconstruction. Reconstruction has a more positive effect on safety and a longer lifetime (look at Tabell 11).
Júnior, Milton Domingues. "A técnica MDJ para avaliação de conflitos de tráfego em interseções no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-10072017-155551/.
Повний текст джерелаThis work presents the MDJ technique for evaluation of contlicts of traffic in intersections of urban roads, idealised for the conditions of the traffic observed in Brazil. For that, the MDJ technique, besides the common conflicts of traffic considered in the foreign techniques, also considers as conflicts the following facts: disrespect to the rules of circulation, crossing the red light, braked or trajectory deviation provoked by problem in the road and manoeuvre difficulty provoked by visual interference (damage of the visibility due to the environment). For evaluation of the validity of MDJ technique, four critical crossings were analysed in terms of accidents in the city of São Carlos-SP, with the observed conflicts compared with the data of accidents of traffic in the relative places during a period of one year. Ths analysis showed a satisfactory correlation between the data of conflicts and the data of accidents, what suggests that the MDJ technique, in the beginning, ito be good for studies of road safety in urban crossings in Brazil. However, it is necessary a larger amount of comparisons conflicts/accidents in another situations (cities and crossings) to consider the suitability of the method for the Brazilian conditions.
Shukurov, Nadir. "Geometrical Design of Turbo Roundabout." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23336/.
Повний текст джерелаSödergren, Leo. "Designing an Aftermarket Head Up Display." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300883.
Повний текст джерелаTrafiksäkerhet är en av världens största utmaningar. Ny teknik har gjort vägar både säkrare men också farligare eftersom människor i större utsträckning kör distraherade. Svenska startupen Consenz AB vill lösa detta genom att skapa ett hårdvaru- / mjukvarusystem med anslutna Head Up Displays (HUD). Syftet med denna uppsats är att skapa koncept för eftermarknads-HUD som kan hjälpa Consenz att skapa sin första hårdvara. Mer specifikt fokuserar projektet på att skapa en enhet som passar in i de flesta fordon och som ger en lämplig bild. Arbetet följde en version av Double Diamond design processen, med fyra delar. I de två första delarna utvärderades problemet och en uppsättning krav ställdes. Under andra halvan av projektet genererades och utvärderades koncept utifrån de krav som ställts under första två delarna. Den första delen av projektet samlade kunskap om utmaningen, marknaden idag och dess potentiella kunder, detta gjordes genom att kontakta olika stakeholders, dokumentera bilinteriörer och genom att studera texter kring området. Den andra delen av projektet utvärderade olika displayteknologier och tillsammans med den första delen resulterade det i flera krav. Den tredje delen av projektet använde olika konceptgenereringsmetoder för att skapa flera koncept. Dessa koncept utvärderades och begränsades till två koncept. I den sista delen av projektet förfinades och jämfördes dessa koncept. Arbetet resulterade i två koncept, fysiska modeller av koncepten och en rekommendation för vilket koncept att fortsätta med.
Hirose, Fernando Hideki. "Acidentalidade em algumas cidades do Estado de São Paulo: análise da evolução e ações associadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-27062017-091520/.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents a study of the evolution of road accidentality in five municipalities of the State of São Paulo: Araraquara, Franca, Matão, Ribeirão Preto and São Carlos. The study has as objective to verify if the factors that influenced the change in the tendency of accidentality indexes are related to engineering, education and enforcement actions and if the accidentality is coming from road users behavioral adaptations in each municipality. In the first step, group interviews were conducted following the Focus Groups techniques with the competent authorities responsible for the traffic management in the areas of engineering, education and enforcement. To make this possible, the following methodology was used: (1) carrying out investigative group interviews with authorities of each targeted municipality, (2) development and application of a questionnaire to road users and (3) analysis of the results obtained, and its proper considerations. From the results obtained in the first step, a questionnaire was prepared and applied to identify the sensitivity of the population to the actions implemented in each analyzed municipalities. This questionnaire resulted in road users evaluations regarding the quality of urban road transport and the frequency of investments in engineering, education and enforcement by the competent authorities. Finally, with the data obtained from the questionnaires, it was possible to conduct an investigation into the major factors affecting the accidentality rates of each municipality. In some municipalities it was observed that the implemented actions were perceived by the population, making it clear that there were road users behavioral adaptations, which may explain the change in the tendency of accidentality rates. In other municipalities, it was not possible to reach conclusions that could explain the causes of changes in the tendency of accidentality rates due to experienced difficulties in getting the cooperation from the administrative authorities responsible for traffic, or from the population.