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Статті в журналах з теми "Riz – Balle – Matériaux"
RAMANANDRAIBE, Tanteliniaina Mbolanirina, Pierre RAKOTOMAMONJY, Guy Joël ROBISONARISON, and Edouard Ravalison ANDRIANARISON. "Amélioration Des Qualités Mécaniques D’une Brique De Terre Comprimée Stabilisée Au Ciment Par Trempe De Consolidation Au Silicate De Soude." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 38, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v38.1.5195.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Riz – Balle – Matériaux"
Tran, Thi Phuong Thao. "Développement de biocomposites à base de Poly(Acide Lactique) et de balles céréalières : vieillissement des biocomposites et traitement de surface des balles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20203/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe cereal husks, namely the envelope around the grain, have recently attracted the attention of scientists for biocomposites development, because they are low-cost, renewable, biodegradable, and available in abundant volume throughout the world. Their chemical composition and their thermal and mechanical properties are similar to the natural fibers.In this work, two types of rice husk and two types of Einkorn wheat husk were studied through their microstructure, chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties. The husks have been incorporated into a bio-sourced and biodegradable matrix, namely poly (lactic acid) (PLA) to produce biocomposite which functional properties were studied. It appears that the husks can be good candidates for strengthening the PLA through improved adhesion at the interface between the husks and the PLA.To improve the husks/PLA interface, the husks were treated with an alkaline solution (NaOH) and organosilane coupling agents, such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 3 - glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The alkaline treatment has removed much of hemicelluloses, lignin, wax and silica present in the husks. The dissolution of these components resulted in a higher hygroscopicity of husks and lower mechanical properties of biocomposites. The coupling between an alkaline treatment and a silane treatment seems to provide better properties than the silane treatment alone. This surface treatment has a greater impact on the Einkorn wheat husks than on rice husksThe variations of the functional properties of rice husks based biocomposites during different ageings (thermal ageing, hydro-thermal ageing, hygro-thermal cycled ageing, UV ageing) was studied. The results show that the microstructural changes induced by ageing significantly influence the properties of biocomposites. Biocomposites degradation results in a decrease of the average molecular weight of PLA. The reorganization of these macromolecules significantly increases the degree of crystallinity of the material. This causes a change in color, dimensional stability of devices and mechanical properties of PLA and biocomposites which essentially depends on the ageing temperature regards to the glass transition temperature of PLA. It appears that the addition of husks accelerates the degradation of PLA. In the case of a hydro-thermal ageing performed above the glass transition temperature of the PLA, a reduction of this degradation was demonstrated by the use of specific surface treatments of husks
Chabi, Edem. "Étude de la formulation et des propriétés mécaniques et thermiques du béton de balles de riz." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0232/document.
Повний текст джерелаEveryone agrees today that human activities significantly affect the climate of the planet. The construction sector is one of the main contributors to this situation as it is the largest energy consumer and the second largest CO2 emitter in the world. It is therefore important to build eco-friendly buildings, which consume little energy and emit less greenhouse gases throughout their life cycle. The present study is then integrated into a general problem of development of innovative building materials with reduced environmental impact. We propose to use the rice husk as a vegetable aggregate in a cementitious matrix. The objective of the work is to propose a method for the mix design of concretes based on plant aggregates and to study the mechanical and thermal behavior of rice husk concrete. Setting tests on pure cement paste formulated with water resulting from the infusion of the rice husk showed that these aggregates had no inhibiting effect on the setting of the cement. To confirm this hypothesis, a chemical analysis of the rice husk was carried out and the results showed that the extractable ratio of rice husks is almost zero, unlike other plant aggregates such as hemp and wood. The proposed formulation method consists in determining the packing density of the plant skeleton for a given method of implementation and then in proportioning the binder paste which will occupy the residual intergranular pore volume. The paste is consisted of the binder, the effective water, the possible additions and admixture, and trapped air and/or entrained air. For a given volume of air (and additions), the quantities of cement and effective water are then adjusted to achieve the targeted performances, based on the law of Féret. However, for this type of concrete, the large volume of entrained air also depends on the quantity of cement and water present in the mixture, the intensity of the mixing and the casting mode. A model describing the volume of residual air was then calibrated from tests carried out with the components of the concrete that it is desired to manufacture. Finally, the problem of formulation is solved by using a numerical optimization module. In order to validate the model, the method for the mix design was applied to five samples with a target resistance of 0.5; 1; 2; 4 and 8 MPa. The performances obtained are quite similar to those targeted. In addition, it has been observed that the preservation mode of the specimens has a significant influence on the mechanical strength of the material. Indeed, a cure in desiccation condition can reduce the mechanical resistances up to 60%. The best resistances obtained were observed on the specimens preserved at 95 % RH. Measurements of thermal conductivity have shown that rice husk concrete is a very good alternative to more conventional systems in terms of thermal insulation. The average value of the thermal conductivity of the rice husk concrete varies depending on the binder dosage between 0.070 W/(m.K) and 0.171 W/(m.K). The evolution of the thermal conductivity as a function of the density and the cement dosage is linear
Chabannes, Morgan. "Formulation et étude des propriétés mécaniques d'agrobétons légers isolants à base de balles de riz et de chènevotte pour l'éco-construction." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS008/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe improvement of building energy efficiency and the reduction of CO2 emissions from the construction industry have become a major issue over the last years. We need to cut the energy consumption linked to heating and cooling of buildings during their operating period but also to choose materials with low carbon footprint using renewable and local resources.Hemp concretes are more and more used in green construction. These bio-based building materials consist of hemp-derived aggregates mixed with mineral binders and water. These concretes have attractive insulating properties and present some effectiveness in buffering variations of temperature and humidity in buildings. Considered as a multifunctional material, hemp concrete can offer an eco-friendly alternative to traditional building envelopes but have the disadvantage of being very low strength. Unlike cellular concrete or clay bricks, hemp concretes cannot be used as load-bearing materials but for infilling walls with a wood timber frame. The aim of this thesis work is, on the one hand, to diversify plant aggregates used for the manufacturing of bio-based concretes by developing an innovative material based on local rice husk from the Camargue area and on the other hand to investigate some processes in order to increase mechanical strength of these materials after the first months of curing. The first objective of this work was to characterize rice husks prior to incorporating them in a lime-based mix. Intrinsic features of rice husks led to the manufacturing of a new bio-based concrete designed with a lower water content and a higher apparent density than hemp concrete (by remaining below 800 kg.m-3). Thermal conductivity of rice husk concrete was comparable to that of hemp concrete for a given « binder on aggregates (B/A) » mass ratio. Nevertheless, mechanical performances in compression have proved lower for the rice husk concrete after one month of hardening at 20°C and 50%RH. The second line of the work dealt with the evolution of mechanical properties and binder hardening over time. Specimens were cured during 10 months either at 20°C and 50%RH or exposed outdoors. Hemp concrete exhibited a higher compressive strength gain over time than that achieved for rice husk concrete despite a same hardening kinetics. This curing under natural carbonation was compared to an accelerated one (CO2 curing). Accelerated carbonation provided the opportunity to obtain the same compressive after 2 months than that reached after the outdoor exposure during 10 months. Considering that compressive strength of rice husk concrete is restricted by the bonding strength between the binder and the aggregates, this work also focused on the effect of a lime-water treatment of plant aggregates. This latter was not efficient for hemp concrete but increased compressive strength of rice husk concrete. Finally, the effect of a moist curing (95%RH) and elevated temperature (50°C) on binder hardening and strength development of bio-based concretes was investigated. This aspect was also studied on lime-based mortars. The results showed that this type of curing led to a strong increase of mechanical strength for the binder after 28 days due to kinetic effects on hydration reactions. Nevertheless, these curing conditions were detrimental to the transition zone between the binder and the plant aggregates and consequently counterproductive for the mechanical performances of bio-based concretes
Doumongue, Mba Beaugrain. "Approche expérimentale et numérique pour l'efficacité énergétique et le confort des bâtiments à matériaux biosourcés au Togo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS049.
Повний текст джерелаThe global issues, related to climate change have led to the rise in power worldwide, work related to sustainable building, to raise the capacity of the sector, essential consumer of energy, to reduce greenhouse gases. Our work is one of those, because it contributes through several components, to improve the energy performance of buildings with bio-based materials. Indeed, our work addresses at the same time, a series of characterizations of physical, thermal and hydric order, aiming at improving the knowledge on the rice husks and the concrete of rice husks; multi-scale experiments (microscopic, wall element, scale model, scale 1) and numerical simulations driven by the TRNSYS tool, the realization of a structural and economic comparison of cells with different materials, the explicitation of the economic gains related to the use of rice husk concrete refined on the case of a high-rise building, the analysis of the life cycle of a scale cell and the realization of a study of the socio-economic impact of the high-rise building mentioned above. In the framework of these works, partly carried out in Lomé and partly in La Rochelle, we carried out, as characterizations, an exploration of the microscopic environment of rice husks and rice husk concrete with the help of the scanning electron microscope, followed by the determination of thermal conductivity, specific heat, sorption isotherms and water vapor permeability. Based on these results, which are essential for the analysis of the behavior of the studied materials, we set up a bizone experiment aiming to stress a wall element separating two conditioned environments to stimulate heat transfer; then we moved on to scale models comparing 5 cells with various envelopes, including bulk rice husks and rice husk concrete, identically exposed to external climatic conditions. From there, a human-scale cell was put into experimentation with monitoring of temperature and humidity parameters. This experimental phase was validated by a numerical model built on TRNSYS. To this we associated an economic analysis in connection with the structural benefits related to the lightness of the biosourced material, aiming at determining the percentage of the economic gains which are added to the benefits in terms of comfort. This being the case, and in the interest of following the economic logic, an environmental point of view was undertaken with an LCA on Elodie on a fictitious cell model located in La Rochelle, which was extended with a social impact study, in order to mobilize in our work all the votes of sustainable development