Статті в журналах: "Rigidness"

1

Förste, Stefan, and Ivonne Zavala. "Oddness from rigidness." Journal of High Energy Physics 2008, no. 07 (July 21, 2008): 086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/07/086.

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2

Baser, Muhittin, Fatma Kaynarca, and Tai-Keun Kwak. "RIGIDNESS AND EXTENDED ARMENDARIZ PROPERTY." Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society 48, no. 1 (January 31, 2011): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4134/bkms.2011.48.1.157.

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3

Astakhova, Lyubov I., Ivan V. Astakhov, Anastasiya A. Yukhnina, and Anna A. Limonina. "Research of changes in the parameters that affect the rigidness of the column-foundation joints." Vestnik MGSU, no. 8 (August 2021): 986–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.8.986-996.

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Introduction. The existing types of connection assignment in the design scheme — hinged and absolutely rigid joints — do not reflect the actual operation of the connection. The lack of calculation of the actual rigidness of joint and its failure to take into account in the design of the frame can lead to a different distribution of efforts from the calculated one and an increase in the movement of the frame elements. The purpose of this work is to researching the influence of the change size of the elements forming the column base on its rotational rigidity. Materials and methods. The calculation of the transverse frame was performed in the Dlubal RFEM software package. The calculated efforts acting in the lower section of the column were transferred to the calculated models of the column base, made in the IDEA StatiCa software package, in which the further calculation of the joint rigidness was performed. Results. The rotational rigidness of the joints with different structural solutions of the column base is determined. The change in the rigidness of the connection between the column and the foundation with an increase in the thickness and height of the support ribs is analyzed. Based on the calculations, graphs of the identified dependencies are constructed. As an example of strengthening the base of the column, the introduction of a traverse was proposed. The article considers six variants of the traverse device, and variants with three support ribs and with traverses, but without support ribs. The calculated rigidness of the column bases is summarized in graphs, where it can be seen that the metal adding is effective only up to a certain point. Variants of the arrangement of column bases with additional transverse ribs are considered. Conclusions. The greatest contribution to the increase in the rotational rigidness of the joint is made by the addition of a traverse. By increasing the thickness or height of the introduced traverse, it is impossible to achieve absolutely rigid fixing, it is necessary to change several parameters in a complex way. The introduction of additional ribs located outside the plane of action of the moment practically does not affect the rigidity of the joint.

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4

Karapetyan, M. A., N. B. Orlov, and D. G. Kuzmin. "Effective design of protection module for passive safety of cabs." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 81, no. 10 (October 15, 2014): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65555.

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5

Yin, Xiaodong, Yali Qiao, Matthew R. Gadinski, Qing Wang, and Chuanbing Tang. "Flexible thiophene polymers: a concerted macromolecular architecture for dielectrics." Polymer Chemistry 7, no. 17 (2016): 2929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6py00233a.

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Highly flexible and transparent free-standing films can be readily obtained from oligothiophene-containing norbornene polymers and their hydrogenated derivatives prepared by ROMP. The rigidness/softness of the polymer backbone and polar side chains dictate dielectric properties.

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6

Janelidze, Zurab, and Nelson Martins-Ferreira. "Involution-rigidness — a new exactness property, and its weak version." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 16, no. 04 (April 2017): 1750074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498817500748.

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In this paper, we introduce and study a new exactness property in the sense of categorical algebra, which can be seen as a natural strengthening of the well-known Mal’tsev property. A variety of universal algebras has this exactness property if and only if its algebraic theory contains binary terms [Formula: see text] and an [Formula: see text]-ary term [Formula: see text] satisfying [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] for each [Formula: see text]. We also study the “weak” version of this exactness property, which similarly strengthens the “weak Mal’tsev property” in the sense of the second author.

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7

Arriagada, Waldo, and João Fialho. "Parametric rigidness of germs of analytic unfoldings with a Hopf bifurcation." Portugaliae Mathematica 73, no. 2 (2016): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/pm/1981.

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8

B, Reddaiah, and Srinivasa Rao K. "Rigidness in Applying Scrum by an Enterprise – Influenced by Muscle Memory." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 2353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21817/ijet/2017/v9i3/1709030295.

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9

Li, Fangyuan, Peifeng Wu, and Dongjie Liu. "Experimental study on the cable rigidness and static behaviors of AERORail structure." Steel & Composite structures 12, no. 5 (May 25, 2012): 427–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2012.12.5.427.

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10

Hu, Zhongjian, Jianhua Liu, Lauren Simón-Bower, Lei Zhai, and Andre J. Gesquiere. "Influence of Backbone Rigidness on Single Chain Conformation of Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 117, no. 16 (January 10, 2013): 4461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp308497k.

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11

Shirokov, V. S., and T. E. Gordeeva. "Research of joint connection rigidness of crossbar and column in a modular building." Вестник гражданских инженеров 17, no. 6 (2020): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-6-90-96.

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The paper considers the joint connection rigidness in a modular building. The joint connection of columns and crossbars with a cross section in the form of square pipes are investigated. The study was carried out by the component finite element method using the IDEA StatiCA software package, the classification of joint connections was adopted according to Eurocode 3. The authors consider two types of joint connections, namely, the ones with an angle stiffener and the ones without an angle stiffener. In the course of research, there were obtained the values of the rotational rigidity of joint connections for various parameters. The boundary characteristics at which joint connections should be considered rigid have been established.

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12

Zhang, Lei, and Zhi Yong Hao. "Model Analysis and Optimization Design for Mg-Based Instrument Panel Beam Assembly." Advanced Materials Research 681 (April 2013): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.681.204.

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Based on the basic structure in the practical installation condition, the static model of the instrument panel (IP) beam assembly is developed. To reduce the weight, Mg is substituted for steel as the material of the structure. The finite element software is used to evaluate the constraint modal performance, rigidness and strength withstanding the specific load. After the comparison of model analysis with different materials, the Mg-based IP beam assembly is optimized to achieve the performance the steel-based one has. The process offers the reference to the lightweight design of Mg-based IP beam assembly.

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13

Chen, Hua Wei, You Jie Li, De Yuan Zhang, Yi Jun Huang, Rui Biao Wu, and Chao Dong. "Applied Research of the Microstructure Replication Technology." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 1559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.1559.

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The thin-walled components of aero industries in general have complex structures whose machining accuracy is very difficult to be guaranteed because of the weak rigidness. To resolve the problem of the thin-walled disc clamping deformation, one novel clamping approach with flexible clamping capability is proposed in this paper. The surface morphology measuring systems (SMMS) and fast servo cutting system (FSCS) are developed, and its microstructure morphology duplicating accuracy is experimentally proved to be about 1μm under working environment. The clamping deformation is clarified weaker via flexible clamping approach which makes thin-walled disc morphology uniformly adaptive to the clamp.

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14

Korobko, V. I., A. V. Korobko, and J. E. Lygina. "Interrelation of rigidness of triangular cross-sections under bar torsion with conformal radii relation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 687 (December 10, 2019): 033005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/687/3/033005.

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15

Shchutskiy, Victor, Alik Blyagoz, Sergey Shchutskiy, Svetlana Slabukha, and Konstantin Kurgin. "Influence of long-term exposure to loads on the annular sections’ strength and rigidness." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128101038.

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A numerical experiment was carried out to study rigidity, critical force, and bearing capacity of reinforced concrete racks with annular section under short-term and long-term loading. The effect of long-term loading was estimated in the numerical experiment by changing the coefficient φl from 1 to 1.8 times 0.2, as well as the modulus of deformations Eb,τ, taking into account the operating conditions (W = 40-75%). At the same time, the external load on the rack N was taken in the experiments as a multiple of the critical force Ncr from 0.2 to 1.0, and the relative eccentricity δe of the load application varied from 0.15 to 1.35, which made it possible to estimate the stress state of the struts in an extended range of possible loadings. The results obtained made it possible to identify qualitative and quantitative regularities of rigidity changes, critical force and bearing capacity of annular struts during short-term and long-term load application.

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16

Cheng, Jie, Peng Dong, Wangsheng Chu, Wei Xu, Haihu Wen, Augusto Marcelli, and Ziyu Wu. "Strikingly dissimilar effect of Mn and Zn dopants imposed on local structural distortion of Ba0.5K0.5Fe2As2superconductor." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 20, no. 3 (March 1, 2013): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049513002781.

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To clarify the contrasting impurity effects of Mn and Zn dopants on the critical temperature of optimally doped Ba0.5K0.5Fe2As2superconductors, extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy was implemented at the Fe and AsK-edge. In Mn-doped compounds a gradual deviation of the symmetric FeAs4tetrahedron and weakening of the Fe—As bond was observed. Conversely, in Zn-doped compounds the perfect FeAs4tetrahedron is maintained and the Fe—As bond is rigid. The local structural details are consistent with the development of superconductivity in these two systems, suggesting a significant role played by the topology of the FeAs4tetrahedron and rigidness of the Fe—As bond in Mn/Zn-doped Ba0.5K0.5Fe2As2superconductors.

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17

Ma, Liujia, Jian‐Qiang Meng, Ya‐Jun Cheng, Qing Ji, Xiuxia Zuo, Xiaoyan Wang, Jin Zhu, and Yonggao Xia. "Poly(siloxane imide) Binder for Silicon‐Based Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes via Rigidness/Softness Coupling." Chemistry – An Asian Journal 15, no. 17 (July 17, 2020): 2674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.202000633.

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18

PELYK LESIA, V., and YULIA PELEH. "THE INFLUENCE OF RIGIDNESS AND CONSTANCY ON THE ASSESSMENT OF WEAR RESISTANCE OF TEXTILE MATERIALS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 301, no. 5 (October 2021): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-301-5-213-216.

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The article examines the indicators of stiffness and immutability of cotonine-containing and mixed tissues of different fibrous composition. Their influence on hygienic properties of sewing clothes is analyzed. Fabrics for summer clothes should be stiff enough, as this affects the underwear space. At the same time, the presence of lignin in the bast fibers gives the cotton-containing fabrics increased rigidity, which negatively affects the draping of the fabrics and the sewing of products in silhouette. Stiffness, relief and heterogeneity of flax fiber gives mixed cotton-containing fabrics the optimal structure for the manufacture of clothing in the summer range. The permanence of the fabric affects the quality of the product, its service life and consumption costs. Among the important factors that affect the rate of indelibility of the fabric is the composition of raw materials and the type of finish. To increase the coefficient of immutability, fabrics with a content of more than 50% of cellulose fibers must be subjected to final finishing by mechanical or chemical means (low-folding or low-setting treatment). It is the rigidity of the material that affects its ability to resist bending. It is established that with increasing content in the composition of cotonine-containing fabrics of polyester and cotton fibers, the conditional stiffness decreases. It is proved that the stiffness of textile materials is influenced by their fibrous composition, structure, properties of fibers and threads, as well as the structure and processing of the material itself. The ability of a textile material to restore its original appearance depends on the elastic properties and elastic deformations with a rapid period of relaxation. Elongation at the time of breaking linen and hemp yarn does not exceed 3%, cotton – 6%. The share of elastic deformation in the total elongation of the fibers is insignificant. Therefore, products made of natural cellulose fabrics are not resistant to wrinkling. The addition of polyester fibers increases the elasticity of tissues and immutability. The reasons for the increase in the coefficient of immutability are: fabric shrinkage after the first cycles of washing, accompanied by an increase in the linear density of the fabric; reducing the degree of polymerization of cellulose, and, as a consequence, the destruction of cellulose fibers and leaching from the surface of the textile material.

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19

Xie, Liang Xi, Zhi Xiang Tian, Jian Yi Kong, Guo Zhang Jiang, and Gong Fa Li. "Kinematic Analysis of a Spatial 6-Bar Linkage Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.831.

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The door operator in metallurgical equipment is a spatial 6-bar linkage mechanism. The numerical model of motion and force of the mechanism was developed and the numerical solution was applied. A computer simulation was implemented. There is a high level of consistency between the solution and simulation. The torques required on driving crank have been studied. The influences of the self-lock conditions on the crank length and con-rod length have been explored. The effects of the length of crank and con-rode on the needed maximal torques of the crank have been studied, too. And the kinematics analysis attributes the lightening design of the slider structure on the basis of considering the sliders rigidness and intensity.

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20

Geraci, Corrada, Grazia M. L. Consoli, Mario Piattelli, and Placido Neri. "Doubly Bridged Calix[8]crowns." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 69, no. 6 (2004): 1345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20041345.

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Biscrowned calix[8]arenes were obtained by alkylation of p-tert-butylcalix[8]arene or calix[8]monocrowns with triethylene glycol ditosylate, in the presence of various bases. Of the 22 possible isomers, 1,4:2,5-, 1,3:2,5-, 1,4:2,3-, 1,4:5,8-, and 1,2:3,4-calix[8]biscrown-4 (3-7) were isolated in 7-30% yields. The presence of two crown bridges in 1,3:2,5- and 1,4:2,5-biscrown-4 (4, 5) leads to a significant rigidness of the calix[8]arene macrocycle and implies inherent chirality. The increased preorganization of calix[8]biscrowns, with respect to monocrowns, leads to significant complexing abilities for alkali cations with a marked preference for Cs+ over Na+.

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21

Peixoto Barbosa, Leonardo. "Blockchain Smart Contracts: A Socio-Legal Approach." European Business Law Review 32, Issue 2 (April 1, 2021): 251–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2021010.

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Smart contracts are computer protocols that self-enforce encoded terms. They arguably allow for individual freedom and increased sovereignty from inconveniences. The enthusiasm goes as far as foreseeing that smart contracts will make contractual legal oversight obsolete. However, whereas contract law theory evolved to acknowledge the importance of flexibility and relationality, smart contracts activists defend the opposite direction, arguing for contractual rigidness and denial of social norms supporting complex transactions. This paper departs from this paradox to argue that (i) smart contracts based on existing technology are unlikely to thrive in complex contractual settings, and (ii) contextual analysis is important for LawTech’s propositions. Smart contracts, blockchain, system’s theory, social norms, transaction cost, flexibility, relationality, trust, co-operation, contractual governance

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22

You, Chun-Yeol. "Effect of the synthetic antiferromagnetic polarizer layer rigidness on the spin transfer torque switching current density." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 4 (July 22, 2013): 042402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4816358.

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23

Checchetto, R., and R. S. Brusa. "Modification of Free Volume due to Rigidness of Polymeric Matrix and Effects on Gas Transport Properties." Acta Physica Polonica A 132, no. 5 (November 2017): 1490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.132.1490.

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24

Wang, Xiaoling, Junming Zhang, Xian Kong, Xin Huang, and Bi Shi. "Increasing rigidness of carbon coating for improvement of electrochemical performances of Co3O4 in Li-ion batteries." Carbon 104 (August 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2016.03.027.

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25

Nakanishi, Kazuki, and Kazuyoshi Kanamori. "Phase Separation in Sol-Gel Systems of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.759.

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Organic-inorganic hybrid monoliths with well-defined macropores and/or mesopores have been synthesized by a sol-gel process accompanied by polymerization-induced phase separation. Using aklyltrialkoxysilanes and alkylene-bridged alkoxysilanes, two different categories of organo-siloxane networks have been characterized in view of macroporoisity based on phase separation as well as mesoporosity based on supramolecular templating by surfactants. The alkyl-terminated polysiloxane network exhibited substantial surface hydrophobicity together with the mechanical flexibility. On the other hand, the alkylene-bridged network behaved much more similarly to those prepared from tetraalkoxysilanes with regard to surface hydrophilicity, mechanical rigidness and mesopore-forming ability. Supramolecular templating of mesopores embedded in the gel skeletons comprising well-defined macroporous network has proven to give wide variety of hierarchically designed macro-mesoporous organic-inorganic hybrid materials.

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26

Mukhtar Iderawumi, Abdulraheem, and Moshood Abiodun Yusuff. "Effects of Weeding Regimes on Prevalence and Rigidness of Viral Diseases on Okra (abelmoscus esculentusl. Moench) Performance." Acta Scientific Agriculture 3, no. 9 (August 6, 2019): 03–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asag.2019.03.0596.

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27

Katzer, Jacek, and Tomasz Szatkiewicz. "Effect of 3D Printed Spatial Reinforcement on Flexural Characteristics of Conventional Mortar." Materials 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 3133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143133.

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In their fourth decade of development, additive manufacturing technologies are slowly entering research programs dedicated to building materials. While the majority of research effort is focused on using 3D printing of concrete, the authors propose using the technology for creation of spatial plastic reinforcement. Obviously, the strength properties of a 3D printed polymer are much lower than those of steel. Nevertheless, the unconventional spatial shape of a 3D printed reinforcement can substitute for much of the lower mechanical performance of polymer. Flexural characteristics of a cement mortar prism specimen reinforced by hexagon spatial elements were tested and analyzed in this paper. The hexagonal geometric shape was chosen due to its high rigidness. It was proven that it is possible to efficiently reinforce concrete beams by spatial 3D printed polymer elements. Directions of needed research were pointed and discussed.

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28

Beck, Herman L. "The Contested State of Sufism in Islamic Modernism: The Case of the Muhammadiyah Movement in Twentieth-Century Indonesia." Journal of Sufi Studies 3, no. 2 (November 20, 2014): 183–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105956-12341269.

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The Muhammadiyah in Indonesia is commonly known not to be very sympathetic towards mysticism in terms of its manifestations in mystical religious fraternities and pantheistic identity mysticism. Although its stance versus these religious phenomena seems to be very clear, many of its members are struggling to determine their attitude towards the issue. The continuing uncertainty about its legitimacy is evident from the questions Muhammadiyah members send to the Suara Muhammadiyah regarding this topic. In this article i focus on the Muhammadiyah’s ‘official’ vision through its first hundred years of existence. My thesis is that its rigidness in rejecting ‘mystical and spiritual’ manifestations is not only caused by its fear of unbelief and heresy, but also closely related to the political and social circumstances in which it is confronted with these ‘mystical and spiritual’ manifestations in the first place.

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29

Kostyuk, Alexander, and Dmitriy Govorun. "The board committee members’ remuneration: theory and advanced practices for banks." Corporate Ownership and Control 7, no. 4 (2010): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv7i4sip10.

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The paper investigates the issue of the board committee members’ remuneration in banks. The authors came with conclusion that this issue of research is not explored enough by researchers in international context. Probably this is the major reason of such big black holes in the bank practices. The systems of remuneration for committee members in banks are still highly rigid and based rather on “pay for presence” than “pay for performance” principle. The authors developed an advanced system of remuneration for the board committee members with a set of new ratios which account the committee members’ initiative and participation in the committee activity. The system has a variable structure and the problem of its rigidness has been solved through putting in the remuneration structure bonuses which take a huge part. The system has been applied methodologically for the audit committee member to assess his/her performance and set the remuneration.

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YU, XIN-LIANG, BING YI, and XUE-YE WANG. "PREDICTION OF THE GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURES FOR POLYMERS WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 07, no. 05 (October 2008): 953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633608004416.

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The glass transition temperature (Tg) values of three classes of vinyl polymers, i.e. polystyrenes, polyacrylates, and polymethacrylates, were predicted by using a quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) model constructed by back-propagation (BP) neural network. The four descriptors (the rigidness descriptor R HR resulted by hydrogen-bonding moieties group and/or rings, the chain mobility n, the molecular average polarizability α, the net charge of the most negative atom q-) were obtained directly from the polymers' monomer structures. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to generate the model. Simulated with the final optimum BP neural network [4–2–1], the results showed that the predicted Tg values were in good agreement with the experimental data, with a training set root-mean-square (rms) error of 20.478 K (R = 0.955) and a prediction set rms error of 20.174 K (R = 0.955).

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31

Omar, Riyadh Ghanem. "Modified FCS-MPC algorithm for five-leg voltage source inverter." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i1.pp47-57.

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This paper represents a test of a modified algorithm to minimize the cost function in the traditional finite control-set model predictive current control (FCS-MPC) to control the (five-leg) DC voltage input inverter. A Matlab/Simulink description of a system presents a certain deviation limits between the reference and the actual measured phase currents, also the model implements a load current limitation. The algorithm picks out a proper switching state, which makes the lower error value between the wanted and the prognosticated currents; the proposed technique sets the chosen switching state as a driving signal to the ten switches. The modified program eliminates the switching combination with error values above the requested ones. Thereafter the system response enhanced by lowering the overshoots. The rigidness of the model is examined by using a step change in reference signals.

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Korenkov, Olexiy, Islam Zakiev, and Vadim Zakiev. "Peculiarities in the rigidness and hardness of posttraumatic tibiae in the conditions of technogenic microelementosis of the organism." ORTHOPAEDICS, TRAUMATOLOGY and PROSTHETICS, no. 1 (October 24, 2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15674/0030-59872010155-59.

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33

Drake, H. A. "Constantine and Consensus." Church History 64, no. 1 (March 1995): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3168653.

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The church historian Socrates Scholasticus tells a story about an encounter during the Council of Nicaea between the emperor Constantine and the schismatic bishop Acesius. On learning that Acesius's dispute had nothing to do with the Creed or the date of Easter—the two major issues under debate at that Council—Constantine asked, “For what reason then do you separate yourself from communion with the rest of the Church?” Acesius replied that his sect objected to the relative leniency with which other Christians had treated those who had cracked under the empire-wide persecutions of the third century. He then “referred to the rigidness of that austere canon which declares, that it is not right that persons who after baptism have committed a sin, which the sacred Scriptures denominate ‘a sin unto death’ be considered worthy of participation in the sacraments.” Whereupon, Socrates continues, the emperor said to him, “Place a ladder, Acesius, and climb alone into heaven.”

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34

Wdowiak, Agnieszka, and Janusz Brol. "Effectiveness of Reinforcing Bent Non-Uniform Pre-Stressed Glulam Beams with Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers Rods." Materials 12, no. 19 (September 26, 2019): 3141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193141.

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The article presents the testing designating the impact of structural non-uniformity on the effectiveness of reinforcing bent wooden beams reinforced with basalt fibre (BFRP—Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers) rods. The obtained results demonstrate a positive impact of the strengthening in improving the bearing capacity and rigidness of the wooden beams. The article presents the impact of selected physical and chemical properties of wooden elements on the achieved strengthening reliability, increase in bearing capacity and the estimation of the reduction of deflections and stresses of bent beams, made from various wood quality classes and reinforced using BFRP rods. The conducted testing featured an analysis of the ability of using lower quality class lumber to strengthen the beams with pre-stressed basalt fibre rods. This solution allows for reducing the cross-section or lower the class of used wood with simultaneous maintenance of comparable rigidity and bending strength of beams, as in the non-strengthened beams.

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35

Khademi, Mojgan, Eesa Mohammadi, and Zohreh Vanaki. "Nurses’ experiences of violation of their dignity." Nursing Ethics 19, no. 3 (May 2012): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733011433926.

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Dignity is a human right and a base for human health. This right must be observed in work environments as a moral obligation. This qualitative study aimed to understand nurses’ experiences of violation of their dignity at work and to explore its dimensions. The participants were 15 nurses working in two hospitals in Tehran. The data were collected through 26 unstructured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. The dimensions of violation were ‘irreverence’, including experiences of abuse and violence, humiliation, and being ignored; ‘coercion and violation of autonomy’, consisting of the control of relationships, lack of privacy, rigidness, and imposition; ‘ignoring professional and scientific ability’, indicating impossibilities in applying nurses’ knowledge; and ‘denying the value of nurse/care’, being the theme that verified the dominance of treatment/cure and lack of recognition of care value. Health systems should take the promotion of the nurses’ dignity into account through providing a dignified work environment.

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36

Zhang, Peng-Peng, Jun Peng, Jing-Quan Sha, Ai-Xiang Tian, Hai-Jun Pang, Yuan Chen, and Min Zhu. "Assembly of two new polyoxometalate-templated supramolecular compounds by utilizing a ligand with a combination of rigidness and flexibility." CrystEngComm 11, no. 5 (2009): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b817653a.

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37

Waheed, Abdul, Xiaoming Miao, Salma Waheed, Naveed Ahmad, and Abdul Majeed. "How New HRM Practices, Organizational Innovation, and Innovative Climate Affect the Innovation Performance in the IT Industry: A Moderated-Mediation Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (January 24, 2019): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030621.

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Considering the cutthroat competition in IT organizations, public and state-based organizations are trying to develop strategies to promote innovation in the organizations. However, due to monopolistic structure, employee rigidness, and lack of innovation climate, employees are reluctant to perform innovatively in such organizations. New HRM practices (NHRM) can enrich the talented, motivated, committed, and innovative staff to enhance innovation. However, empirical evidence to prove this relationship is insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of NHRM practices on innovation performance with the mediating role of organizational innovation and the moderating role of the innovation climate. Data collected from semi-government IT-based organizations provide results that there is a significant positive relationship between NHRM practices and innovation performance. The mediating role of organizational innovation was also found. Moreover, the results of the moderated-mediation show that the mediating role of organizational innovation is also strong if the organizational climate is more innovative. These results provide managerial guidelines to promote NHRM practices to enhance innovation performance in the semi-government IT-based organizations of Pakistan.

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38

Kharitonov, Alexey, and Valentina Prokofieva. "Theoretical and Experimental Justification of Low-Rigid Components’ Use for Concrete Dynamic Strength Enhancement." Materials Science Forum 871 (September 2016): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.871.154.

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The article presents methods of applied mechanics for solving problems in materials science, in particular to predict the dynamic strength of concrete with low-rigid dispersed materials. Various low-rigid dispersed materials which were included in the composition of cement concrete for replacement of a part of sand for assessment of their effect on its dynamic strength were studied. Besides, the simulation task of low-rigid components effect mechanism on a dynamic strength was solved by means of numerical methods.The computing tool, that is capable to take into account explicitly the elastic properties of structure elements in conjunction with their interaction in space, is needed to simulate system operation in the dynamic mode of loading. The finite element method (FEM) used on the basis of structurally-simulated models corresponds to this criterion to the maximum extent.The model that reproduces the mechanism of crack formation in a structure under load was developed. This model allows assessment of the influence of different factors, both separately and in combination, for determination of the main regularities of dynamically strong concrete obtaining on the basis of use of components with reduced rigidness.

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39

Carrillo Gómez, M. I., J. R. Sotomayor Castellanos, and D. Raya González. "STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF WOOD BEAMS BY NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHODS IN RESTORATION WORKS OF THE CATHEDRAL OF MORELIA, MEXICO." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 21, 2019): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-263-2019.

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Abstract. In the ceiling framework of the capitular hall of the Cathedral of Morelia, the overall state of the beams of the ceiling framework of the capitular hall of the Cathedral of Morelia was diagnosed as deplorable, for which a replacement was put underway for more recently sawed beams. The focus of this investigation was to determine the humidity content of the wood, its density, the wave velocity, the dynamic modulus and the quality factor of a sample of five new beams. These parameters were compared to the medium of five old beams. For the density, wave velocity, dynamic modulus and rigidness, there were no differences found between the old and new beams. The results suggest that the mechanical and physical properties of the new wood beams are equivalent to those of the older ones. Consequently, the strategy of substituting old and deteriorated wood beams for recently sawed ones was successful and complies with the requirements of the International Council of Monuments and Sites as referred to in the principles for the preservation of historical wooden structures.

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40

Li, Lian Xiang, Ming Gong, and Ying Jie Zheng. "Monitor and Analysis of the Foundation Pit Combination Support of Jinan West Railway Station Ground." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1207.

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The foundation pit of Jinan West Railway Station Ground is vast in area and large in Excavating depth and closely adjacent to the high-speed railway buildings and subgrade, therefore the foundation pits deformation is strictly controlled. The foundation pit supporting design applies a comprehensive mode by combing soil nailing wall, compound soil nailing wall and bored cast-in-situ piles with anchor cables. Monitoring has been carried out on internal force of side slope and supporting structure throughout the excavation of foundation pit, so detailed monitoring data have been acquired. It has been acquired, by contrastively analyzing, that since the foundation pits displacement volume may reach about one half of the final displacement volume at the time when its excavation is completed, with a huge rate of change, supporting should be timely completed during the excavation period. Compound soil nailing wall can reduce side slopes horizontal displacement volume about 25~30% , compared with soil nailing wall, and effectively add the rigidness of side slope, however it is not very useful for settlement; We get utmost horizontal displacement volume at one third to two fifths of pile length, so it is advised to increase density and strength of anchor cables.

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Lacasse, François. "« Domestiquer » l’incertitude : Les sociétés d’État comme instrument d’adaptation aux changements économiques internationaux." Études internationales 14, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701541ar.

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The author recalls briefly the recent growth (20 years) of the Government controlled enterprises in the market economies : relative weight multiplied by three and mostly, a very strong diversification of their activities. Because pressure front the international environment is exerted on the old industrial societies like Canada in order that they redeploy, this trend will continue. Adaptations are made difficult and politically costly by social rigidness. In this connection, Government controlled enterprises offer very clear advantages compared to the other means available (flexibility, discretion, existence capacity of the adapters and late-comers, dispersion of forums of conflict, cooptation of the elites, real and expected contributions to growth). The forces which hinder the privatization of the Government controlled enterprises, coming from the conservative parties, are impressive : economic and political costs, possibilities of de facto privatization, the interests of the Government controlled enterprises themselves and their allies. In short, it is very likely that this trend will go on. In the face of this, the amount of expert knowledge leaves much to be desired'; some of the main lines of research are dead ends. The author outlines some new directions which will allow research to really integrate the Government controlled enterprises in the economic predictions and policy making.

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42

Tsai, Y. T., and K. H. Lin. "Structural Stress Analysis and Reliability Evaluation for a New Speed Reducer." Journal of Mechanics 33, no. 5 (September 13, 2016): 631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2016.96.

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AbstractReducers are extensively used in many machines for reducing the speeds of mechanism. This paper proposed a new design of speed reducers to meet the performance requirements in high rigidness and large speed-reduction ratios. The movements of the reducer are designed based on the principles of differential displacements of the deceleration gear rings. The geometric models of the related components were designed using CAD software. The motions of mechanism were simulated for identifying the feasibility of designing including acquiring the kinematic properties. The mathematical models of structural stresses analysis were proposed so that the bending and contact stresses of the gear rings could be evaluated, accordingly. Finite element methods (FEM) were also used to analyze the structural stresses of the reducer. The studied results showed that the bending fracture of the gear rings would prior to its contacting fracture. The allowable loading of the reducer was then established according to the analyzed results of the maximum stresses on various transmitted torques. The methods of reliability evaluation were reported for considering the strength variation and calculating the reliabilities of the reducer at various loadings. The studied results are useful in structural design, stress analysis and reliability evaluation for developing high speed-reduction mechanisms.

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43

Salem, Joseph. "Boulez's Künstlerroman: Using blocs sonores to Overcome Anxieties and Influence in Le marteau sans maître." Journal of the American Musicological Society 71, no. 1 (2018): 109–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2018.71.1.109.

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Previous scholarship on Pierre Boulez's Le marteau sans maître celebrates the analytical basis of the piece, with particular emphasis on Boulez's concept of the bloc sonore and its role in Le marteau's design. This article synthesizes aspects of this scholarship with Boulez's personal reflections from the years 1953–55, many of which remain unpublished to this day. Utilizing Boulez's correspondence with Karlheinz Stockhausen and John Cage, as well as his own published writings and the sketches for Le marteau, I present the story of an artist on the path to self-discovery. I also shift the discussion of blocs sonores away from viewing them as musical objects necessary for the analysis of Le marteau to recognizing their significance as a cultural and aesthetic concept at the heart of Boulez's artistic development at this time. Finally, I use the literary trope of “anxiety of influence” to relate Boulez's own maturation to his struggle to escape the shadow and influence of Schoenberg. By humanizing a work that is often cited for its analytical virtuosity and poetic audacity rather than the network of biographical circumstances behind its creation, I attempt to reorient our ears from the rigidness of integral serialism to the broader significance of Boulez's score.

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44

Rabikowska, Marta. "Whose street is it anyway? Visual ethnography and self‐reflection." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 13, no. 1 (January 19, 2010): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13522751011013981.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply a self‐reflexive interpretive method of writing as a method of analysis of findings from a critical research based on videography documenting the relationship between ethnicity, consumption, and place.Design/methodology/approachAn innovative theoretical approach employed is interpretativist ethnography inspired by creative writing. This methodological approach allows the researcher to move beyond the rigidness of academic discourse and consequently enables a more intimate connection with the object of research.FindingsThe main outcome of this paper is realization that the presence of the researcher and her own autobiography affects the results of research and that articulation as much as execution of research is always subjective. A significant implication of this kind of approach is uncertainty and unreliability which questions the positivist objectivism dominating in both consumer studies and marketing. A subsequent limitation is a free reading which evades possibility of definite conclusions.Originality/valueBy providing a film and a commentary to it in one publication, this paper overcomes the traditional separation between the visual and the textual and contributes to the multisensory model of academic practice. It is particularly important for ethnography and visual studies where the application of the senses has both a theoretical and a practical value.

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Eremeev, Valery, Gennady Shmelev, Pavel Eremeev, and Daniil Eremeev. "Trends in the development of composite reinforced concrete structures of pedestrian aboveground overpasses." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127402006.

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Pedestrian bridges are an important part of the urban infrastructure that ensures the safety and comfort of pedestrians. They have a number of distinctive features compared to road bridges. Also, the pedestrian load itself has a significant dynamic component, which can lead to the occurrence of resonant phenomena. Composite reinforced concrete bridges are widely used among the road bridges. This is due to the possibility of including the roadway structure in the act, which increases the load-bearing capacity and reliability of the structure. The same advantages are typical for pedestrian aboveground overpasses. However, pedestrian bridges have a number of features that affect the operation of the composite reinforced concrete structure. It is well-known that the difference between bending structures in civil construction and bending structures in bridge and road construction is the ratio of the rigidness of the concrete and steel parts. The load on pedestrian aboveground overpasses is similar to the temporary load in civil buildings, adjusted for a large dynamic component. But at the same time, the spans of pedestrian aboveground overpasses are similar to the spans of road bridges. In this article, the prospects for the development of composite reinforced concrete structures of pedestrian overpasses are reviewed.

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46

Shen, Xiaojun, Panli Huang, Fengfeng Li, Xiluan Wang, Tongqi Yuan, and Runcang Sun. "Compressive Alginate Sponge Derived from Seaweed Biomass Resources for Methylene Blue Removal from Wastewater." Polymers 11, no. 6 (June 2, 2019): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11060961.

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Low cost fabrication of water treatment polymer materials directly from biomass resources is urgently needed in recent days. Herein, a compressive alginate sponge (AS) is prepared from seaweed biomass resources through a green two-step lyophilization method. This material is much different from conventional oven-, air-, vacuum-dried alginate-based adsorbents, which show limitations of shrinkage, rigidness, tight nonporous structure and restricted ions diffusion, hindering its practical applications, and was used to efficiently remove methylene blue (MB), a main colorful contaminant in dye manufacturing, from wastewater. The batch adsorption studies are carried out to determine the impact of pH, contact time and concentration of dye on the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity can be obtained at 1279 mg g−1, and the shape-moldable AS can be facilely utilized as a fixed-bed absorption column, providing an efficient approach for continuous removal of MB within a short time. It is also important that such a compressive AS can be regenerated by a simple squeezing method while retaining about 70% capacity for more than ten cycles, which is convenient to be reused in practical water treatment. Compressive AS demonstrates its merits of high capability, large efficiency and easy to recycle as well as low cost resources, indicating widespread potentials for application in dye contaminant control regarding environmental protection.

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Grine, Lynda, Giulia Tochtermann, Hilde Lapeere, Nele Maes, Günther F. L. Hofbauer, Myriam Vervaet, and Jo Lambert. "Comparison of Personality Traits among Patients with Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis, and Stress: A Pilot Study." Dermatology 236, no. 4 (2020): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505543.

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Background: Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic skin diseases that greatly affect the quality of life. Both diseases can be triggered or exacerbated by stress. Objective: We aimed to differentiate personality traits between patients with chronic skin conditions and people treated for stress in a pilot study. Methods: Patients participating voluntarily in educational programs in Belgium and Switzerland were recruited to complete personality trait questionnaires, including the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). A comparison was made with patients treated for work-related stress. Results: A total of 48 and 91 patients suffering from skin diseases and work-related stress, respectively, were included in the study. Based on the questionnaires, we found that dermatology patients were less persistent and impulsive than those with work-related stress. Dermatology patients also exhibited more rigidness and less focus on performance. Finally, patients with work-related stress seem more likely to change in response to health-promoting programs than patients with chronic dermatoses. Conclusion: Patients with chronic skin diseases may perceive and cope with stress differently in comparison to patients with work-related stress due to inherent personality traits. Therefore, stress coping mechanisms may differ among different diseases. More research is needed into the design of educational interventions and the impact of personality traits in disease-specific groups.

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48

Li, Shifang, and Yifan Wang. "An Analysis of the Textual Features of Legal Discourse From the Perspective of Thematic Progression: Based on Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1107.09.

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This study is devoted to analyze the textual features of Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China from the perspective of Thematic Progression. From the data analysis, we can see that, the mode of “TP with a Constant Theme” occupies a large proportion, followed by the mode of “Simple Linear TP” and “TP with Derived T’S”. The use of “TP with a Constant Theme” can make the legislative discourse full of strong legal logic, clarity, consistency and mandatory. Through TP with a Constant Theme, the whole discourse has a continuous flow of information and the clauses are connected closely and tightly. The structure of “Simple Linear TP” has highlighted the information focus of the rheme in each clause. It also reflects the “People-oriented” spirit in the Law. The mode of “TP with Derived T’S” is a type of hierarchical progression that the themes of the latter clauses are derived from the themes or rhemes of the former clauses. The application of this mode to the legislative text for the further constant explanation for certain problem reflects the accuracy and inclusiveness of the legal language. And the choice of thematic structure makes the law enforcement officers have clear defined principles to adopt and obey. It also reflects the elites, formality, compulsion and rigidness of the Law.

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Murali, K., S. S. Amer, and J. S. Mani. "Dynamics of Cage Floating Breakwater." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 127, no. 4 (May 27, 2005): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2073347.

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Floating breakwaters have potential applications in protecting minor ports and harbors such as fisheries and recreational harbors, where-in stringent tranquillity requirements are not warranted. In field applications of the existing floating breakwaters, limitations are imposed due to their large relative width (ratio between breakwater width and wave length) requirements to achieve desirable tranquillity level. This relative width requirement is greater than 0.3 for the existing floating breakwaters. To overcome the above drawback associated with the existing system a new configuration for a floating breakwater is derived, which could yield the desired performance with minimum relative width requirement. The floating breakwater comprises of two pontoons rigidly connected together and each of the pontoons having a row of cylinders attached beneath, for improved performance characteristics. The laboratory tests were conducted in both regular and random wave flumes to study the dynamic behavior of the breakwater. Transmission and reflection coefficients, water surface elevations and velocities inside the cage like area provided in between the pontoons, rigid body motions floating breakwater and mooring forces were studied under regular and random waves and under the regular waves followed by a uniform current. The results proved the suitability of the floating breakwater to the field conditions even for large wave periods. In addition the variations in water particle kinematics, rigid body motion and mooring forces show nominal magnitudes when compared to the existing systems indicating the rigidness of the breakwater.

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50

Edomwonyi-Otu, Lawrence Chukwuka, Muhammed Muhammed Gimba, and Nurudeen Yusuf. "Drag Reduction with Biopolymer-Synthetic Polymer Mixtures in Oil-Water Flows: Effect of Synergy." Engineering Journal 24, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4186/ej.2020.24.6.1.

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The search for lower cost materials that reduce pressure drop in fluid transport systems in oil and gas industries to conserve pumping energy is of paramount importance. Polymers are known to reduce pressure drop in pipeline oil-water flows in a process referred to as drag reduction (DR). The effect of partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, Aloe Vera mucilage and their mixtures as drag reducing polymers (DRPs) on pressure gradient (pressure drop; Δp) in pipeline oil-water flows were studied. The experiment was carried out in flow rig with 0.02-m diameter straight unplasticised polyvinylchloride (uPVC) pipe, two centrifugal pumps, control valves and two storage tanks. Tap water (ρ = 997 kg/m3 and µ = 0.89 cP) and diesel (ρ = 832 kg/m3 and µ = 1.66 cP) were used as the test fluid at ambient condition. The polymer mixture total concentration (MTC) of 30 and 400 ppm at different mixing proportion, mixture Reynolds number (Remix) and oil input volume were investigated. The results show increase in pressure gradient with increase in oil input volume in both single-phase water flow and oil-water flow before adding drag reducing polymers (DRPs). However, Δp decreased after adding DRPs with increase in Reynolds number (Re) or Remix and decrease in the oil-phase Re, and vice versa. The results further showed higher reduction in pressure drop by the polymer mixture than in each of the polymer used at the same conditions. The rigidness of the biopolymer was improved by adding synthetic polymers which resulted to increase in DR efficiency.

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