Дисертації з теми "Retouch techniques"
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FASSER, NICOLÒ. "Lithic armatures manufacture during the Late Glacial and the beginning of the Early Holocene between North-Eastern Italy and South-Western France: production methods and techniques." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488461.
Questa tesi di dottorato analizza le modalità di fabbricazione delle armature litiche durante il Tardoglaciale e l’inizio del primo Olocene in due aree specifiche: l’Italia nord-orientale e la Francia sud-occidentale. Fin dai primi studi della fine del XIX e l’inizio del XX secolo, la variabilità tipologica delle armature litiche dopo il Gravettiano ha permesso di stabilire una divisione culturale tra le regioni atlantico-occidentali e quelle mediterraneo-balcaniche. La prima ha visto il susseguirsi di diverse culture (Solutreano, Badegouliano, Maddaleniano, Aziliano e Laboriano), mentre la seconda è caratterizzata da una maggiore continuità culturale che ha portato allo sviluppo dell’Epigravettiano antico e recente. All’inizio dell’Olocene entrambe le aree studiate presentano evidenze riferibili al Sauveterriano. L’obiettivo di questo progetto di ricerca è di contribuire alla definizione del quadro culturale di queste due regioni è di verificare se a questa chiara diversità morfo-tipologica corrisponde una differenza nelle modalità di produzione e in particolare nella selezione dei supporti e nei metodi e nelle tecniche di ritocco. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo sono state analizzate le armature di due siti della Francia sud-occidentale e di quattro dell’Italia nord-orientale. Per l’area italiana sono stati selezionati siti dell’Epigravettiano recente e del Sauveterriano localizzati in Friuli e nelle Prealpi e Alpi venete datati tra la fine del Dryas antico (GS-2a) e l’inizio dell’Olocene (17.000-10.000 cal BP). Per quanto riguarda l’area francese, invece, abbiamo scelto due siti pluristratificati che coprono approssimativamente lo stesso arco cronologico di quelli italiani e si riferiscono al Magdaleniano superiore, all’Aziliano antico e recente e al Laboriano antico. Non è stato possibile analizzare armature riferibili al Laboriano recente e al Sauveterriano francese. Le armature sono state studiate tramite una metodologia appositamente elaborata. Quest’ultima si basa su due approcci complementari, uno sperimentale e uno tecnologico. Entrambi mirano a ricostruire l’insieme delle catene operative che portano alla produzione delle armature. Sono state realizzate tre principali sessioni sperimentali: la prima dedicata alle tecniche di ritocco, la seconda alla tecnica del microbulino e la terza all’identificazione di altre tecniche utili ad ottenere una fratturazione controllata del supporto. In seguito, il campione sperimentale è stato esaminato combinando un’analisi a basso e alto ingrandimento e un analisi quantitativa. Si è quindi elaborato un approccio integrato spesso utilizzato nell’ambito dell’analisi funzionale, ma raramente applicato per la ricostruzione delle modalità di fabbricazione di strumenti litici. L’applicazione di questa metodologia ha permesso di osservare la variabilità delle armature sotto una nuova luce. I risultati delle analisi effettuate indicano che nonostante le notevoli differenze da un punto di vista morfo-funzionale tra le armature delle due aree prese in esame, molteplici sono i punti in comune. Questi riguardano soprattutto le modalità di selezione dei supporti, i metodi e le tecniche di ritocco, che in diversi periodi del Tardoglaciale sembrano seguire un evoluzione simile. Sebbene i motivi di queste affinità tecnologiche potrebbero essere ricondotti alle dinamiche climatico-ambientali che colpiscono entrambe le regioni durante il Tardoglaciale e l’inizio dell’Olocene, la presenza degli stessi comportamenti tecnici su ampia scala non può che essere il risultato di un’importante rete di connessioni tra i gruppi umani delle regioni atlantico-occidentali e quelle mediterraneo-balcaniche.
Fasser, Nicolò. "Lithic armatures manufacture during the Late Glacial and the beginning of the Early Holocene between North-Eastern Italy and South-Western France : production methods and techniques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU20016.
This Ph.D thesis focuses on manufacturing modalities of lithic armatures during the Late Glacial and the first part of the Early Holocene in two specific areas: North-Eastern Italy and South-Western France. These two regions and more generally the Western-Atlantic and Mediterranean-Balkan areas are characterized, after the Gravettian period, by a clear cultural separation. The aim of this project was to contribute to the definition of the cultural framework in these two regions trying to emphasise variations and/or continuity into each chrono-cultural sequence and possible common trends between the two analysed territories. To answer this question, armatures from six sites located in South-Western France and North-Eastern Italy have been analysed. For the Italian area we selected three Late Epigravettian sites, and a Sauveterrian one, spanning from the latest part of the Oldest Dryas (GS-2a) to the beginning of the Early Holocene. For the French area we choose two multi-layered sites referring to the Upper Magdalenian, Early and Late Azilian and Early Laborian. Armatures were examined by applying a specifically designed methodology. This is based on two complementary approaches, an experimental and a technological one. Both were aimed at reconstructing the whole chaîne opératoire of armatures manufacture, from blanks selection to retouch methods and techniques. The latter were identified by combining a low and high magnifications analysis and a quantitative approach creating a new protocol for the study of lithic backed armatures. Applying this type of analysis allowed observing the variability of Late Glacial armatures in a new light. Despite the considerable morpho-functional divergences among armatures from the two territories analysed, common transformations concerning blanks selection and both retouch methods and techniques were recorded, suggesting the presence of important social networks linking Eastern and Western societies across time
Questa tesi di dottorato si concentra sulle modalità di fabbricazione delle armature litiche durante il Tardoglaciale e l’inizio del primo Olocene in due aree specifiche: l’Italia nord-orientale e la Francia sud-occidentale. Fin dai primi studi della fine del XIX e l’inizio del XX secolo, la variabilità tipologica delle armature litiche dopo il Gravettiano ha permesso di stabilire una divisione culturale tra le regioni atlantico-occidentali e quelle mediterraneo-balcaniche. La prima ha visto il susseguirsi di diverse culture (Solutreano, Badegouliano, Maddaleniano, Aziliano e Laboriano), mentre la seconda è caratterizzata da una maggiore continuità culturale che ha portato allo sviluppo dell’Epigravettiano antico e recente. All’inizio dell’Olocene entrambe le aree studiate presentano evidenze riferibili al Sauveterriano.L’obiettivo di questo progetto di ricerca è di contribuire alla definizione del quadro culturale di queste due regioni è di verificare se a questa chiara diversità morfo-tipologica corrisponde una differenza nelle modalità di produzione e in particolare nella selezione dei supporti, nei metodi e nelle tecniche di ritocco. Per raggiungere tale obiettivo sono state analizzate le armature di due siti della Francia sud-occidentale e di quattro dell’Italia nord-orientale. Per l’area italiana sono stati selezionati siti dell’Epigravettiano recente e del Sauveterriano localizzati in Friuli e nelle Prealpi e Alpi venete datati tra la fine del Dryas antico (GS-2a) e l’inizio dell’Olocene (17.000-10.000 cal BP). Per quanto riguarda l’area francese, invece, abbiamo scelto due siti pluristratificati che coprono approssimativamente lo stesso arco cronologico di quelli italiani e si riferiscono al Magdaleniano superiore, all’Aziliano antico e recente e al Laboriano antico. Non è stato possibile analizzare armature riferibili al Laboriano recente e al Sauveterriano francese.Le armature sono state studiate tramite una metodologia appositamente elaborata. Quest’ultima si basa su due approcci complementari, uno sperimentale e uno tecnologico. Entrambi mirano a ricostruire l’insieme delle catene operative che portano alla produzione delle armature. Sono state realizzate tre principali sessioni sperimentali: la prima è stata dedicata alle tecniche di ritocco, la seconda alla tecnica del microbulino e la terza all’identificazione di altre tecniche utili ad ottenere una fratturazione controllata del supporto. In seguito, il campione sperimentale è stato esaminato combinando un’analisi a basso e alto ingrandimento e un analisi quantitativa. Si è quindi elaborato un approccio integrato spesso utilizzato nell’ambito dell’analisi funzionale, ma raramente applicato per la ricostruzione delle modalità di fabbricazione di strumenti litici.L’applicazione di questa metodologia ha permesso di osservare la variabilità delle armature sotto una nuova luce. I risultati delle analisi effettuate indicano che nonostante le notevoli differenze da un punto di vista morfo-funzionale tra le armature delle due aree prese in esame, molteplici sono i punti in comune. Questi riguardano soprattutto le modalità di selezione dei 3 supporti, i metodi e le tecniche di ritocco, che in diversi periodi del Tardoglaciale sembrano seguire un trend simile. Sebbene i motivi di queste affinità tecnologiche potrebbero essere ricondotti alle dinamiche climatico-ambientali che colpiscono entrambe le regioni durante il Tardoglaciale e l’inizio dell’Olocene, la presenza degli stessi comportamenti tecnici su ampia scala non può che essere il risultato di un’importante rete di connessioni tra gruppi umani appartenenti a diverse culture
Dang, Thanh Trung. "Approche perceptuelle pour la retouche d'images : Algorithmes, évaluation et détection." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132004/document.
Image inpainting technique has emerged as one of the efficient solutions for restoring degraded images and even video and 3D visual contents. It is essential for restoration and conservation of archeological objects. Indeed, during the excavation of historic sites, many valuable artifacts such as statues, buildings, wall paintings, etc., have been unearthed and recovered. Unfortunately, most of them have been damaged or fractured in ancient times. With the aim to learn from these objects, digital techniques are used to restore them using some a priori knowledge provided by archeologists and artists. This helps to reconstruct, preserve and maintain these valuable artistic works. Recently, advances of computer technology and image acquisition systems made possible the transition from traditional manual retouching methods to digital techniques. It has opened up a very new and interesting research field within image processing, namely digital image inpainting.In this thesis, our work aims at analyzing and reviewing the state-of-the-art methods for image inpainting. Three groups of inpainting methods are identified. The advantages and drawbacks of each approach are analyzed using objective and subjective criteria. Based on this review, a new approach of image inpainting is introduced and compared to literature. The proposed method provides good performance in terms of quality and computation efficiency. Another contribution lies in the proposal of a new quality metric dedicated to image inpainting. To the best of our knowledge the inpainted images are very often evaluated subjectively or by means of some objective metrics far from being adapted to the peculiarities of image inpainting criteria. The last contribution of this work is a less investigated problem related to inpainting detection. This is motivated by the fact that, due to extensive research and rapid growth of technology, the output quality of inpainting algorithms became more than ever realistic and sophisticated. The inpainted regions are hard to detect by viewers, even for experts. As a result, these inpainted images could be used for different purposes, including digital tampering. Therefore, the last topic of the work is devoted to inpainting detection, also seen as an inverse problem of inpainting. Although, many papers have been introduced for forgery detection, there is almost no study about image inpainting forgery. Accordingly, a novel approach for inpainting detection is introduced based on the knowledge gathered in the previous steps of the thesis. Finally, the performance of proposed solutions is carefully evaluated with regards to human judgment as well as in comparison with the existing methods though a series of experimental studies
Kerdreux, Erwan. "Peinture, "aller et retour" : prolongation de problématiques picturales par l'usage du volume." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010678.
"Forward and backward" perspectives on painting : extending pictorial considerations through the use of volume. The research presented herein provides the opportunity to introduce disturbances into the author's experience with the plastic arts. His painting is then taken to a heretofore unknown dimension : the dimension of volume. This text recognizes the alteration that takes place when resorting to such a use of volume. Over a very short period of time, this volumetric phase assumes a theoretical significance. The artist quickly realizes that volume, and more precisely the technique of folding, constitutes a state through which the painting rediscovers its fundamental meaning. The artistic richness of the whole experience resides in transporting the painting into some otherness in order to more closely resemble a hypothetical identity. The resultant form reveals, in time, something about the act of painting. Within the overall experiment, the folding sequence symbolizes the physical exchange between the painter and his work
Cirio, Gabriel. "Retour Multimodal et Techniques d'Interaction pour des Environnements Virtuels Basés Physique et Larges." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652077.
Laporte, Anne-Marie. "Les techniques de persuasion dans les discours d'Andocide sur les mystères sur son retour." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1023.
This study is on the works of Andocide, a Greek orator of the 5th century BC. Its aim is to identify and analyse the means used by the speaker in order to have an effect on various audiences through persuasion. Only a historical study of the texts and their systematic exploration could make this examination possible. The On his Return and On Mysteries speeches make up an outstanding corpus :the same man pleads his own cause again after an interval of several years, and with the same goal : to obtain the right to live as a free citizen in his fatherland. With the first speech, the orator's attempt to persuade his listeners fails, whereas the On Mysteries is a success. Why were they given such a contrasting reception ? We applied the Aristotelian system to Andocide's first two speeches. Aristotle's system of Classification was used as a guide to help us understand how they had been composed
Dagneaux, Leslie. "Les techniques Freinet ou le cinéma scolaire autrement : l’émancipation comme maître-mot : Retour sur quarante ans d’expérimentations (1927-1968)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20054.
This unprecedented study addresses an unknown fold of Cinema History in education. The network « Freinet », named after its instigator Celestin Freinet, has played, since the end of the 20’s, an important role, by introducing the cinema into school in France. It brings together, outside the traditional system, educators campaining for new learning methods ; « experimenters » who use uncommon tools such as cinema in their class. Nowadays, if the network « Freinet » does still exist, the study is limited to the founders experimentations (1927 – 1968). This historical flashback aims to discover uncommon uses, also demonstrating a great modernity. Practices establish the main lead of the analysis in order to define a particularism in terms of uses of cinema in class, opposite common uses of movies as support of the lesson. The pupil becomes « actor ». This learning acceptance paves the way for new types of projection. It also opens the way for cinema as an expressing, creating and developing tool
Layec, Patricia. "Techniques de multiplexage spatial avec voie de retour limitée pour les systèmes multi-antennes multi-utilisateurs." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468761.
Achibet, Merwan. "Contributions to the design of novel hand-based interaction techniques for virtual environments." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0031/document.
Directly using our hands to explore virtual environments and interact with their contents produces a natural and compelling interaction. In this thesis, we propose contributions to improve hand-based interaction in the context of Virtual Reality by considering two main challenges: (1) improving the control of articulated hand models, and (2) providing haptic sensations with accessible techniques. We first address the challenge of interacting through realistic, articulated virtual hands and propose two methods for easing their control. As a first step, we reduce the degrees of freedom of complex hand models in order to make multi-finger interaction possible with common multi-touch interfaces. The resulting system allows users to control a virtual hand by performing gestures over a tactile tablet. Then, we take another approach and separate the degrees of freedom of one virtual hand between two haptic interfaces handled in parallel. Through this distribution of controls and feedback, users are exposed to a variety of haptic effects, otherwise restricted to complex haptic workstations. We then address the challenge of providing haptic sensations during hand-based interaction. To do so, we introduce different techniques that combine passive haptic feedback and pseudo-haptics as an alternative to complex and cumbersome active interfaces. We consider various types of interaction at different scales, starting with coarse interaction with the arm through an elastic armature that provides an egocentric and mobile haptic feedback. We then focus on object grasping and manipulation and propose an interaction paradigm that relies on elastic input devices for reproducing grasping gestures and perceiving modulable haptic properties through crossmodal feedback. Finally, we consider fine multi-finger manipulation and we propose a passive exoskeleton that constrains the digits individually, associated to a multi-finger pseudo-haptic feedback for simulating complex interaction with heterogeneous materials
Pan, Qing. "Techniques d'interactions mixtes isotonique et élastique pour la sélection 2D et la navigation / manipulation 3D." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10093/document.
The development of human-computer interaction technologies help people to work more efficiently. Meanwhile, traditional technologies could not fulfill the new born requirements in diverse situations. ln 2D WIMP environment the popular isotonic position control device, such as mouse, touch pad, suffers from clutching which is time-consuming and makes the interaction less smooth. lt is getting worse when using a small input device to interact with a larger screen. 3D interactions attract attentions of many researchers. However, the existing techniques allowing both object and view manipulations are not natural or efficient enough to be totally accepted by users. New input devices and corresponding interaction techniques should be proposed to improve the interaction quality. ln this thesis, we propose two techniques based on isotonic-position and elastic-rate control spaces: 2D RubberEdge for reducing the clutching and 3D Haptic Boundary for efficient object manipulations and exploration in VE. For RubberEdge, we adopted a simulation of the ration of a disc, and a mathematical treatment in its mapping function to guarantee a smooth switch between position and rate control. An evaluation of a 2D selecting task was performed. The result showed that RubberEdge outperforms position-only control by 20%. We then proposed two predictive models for selection time with position-only control and with the hybrid control of RubberEdge. We also presented the first RubberEdge prototype for laptop touchpad. Haptic Boundary allows precise object manipulations inside its isotonic zone and camera manipulation on its boundary. Two kinds of force feedbacks were adopted to provide richer camera motions and to avoid the explicit mode switch which greatly increases user's mentalload. The shape and size of isotonic zone is carefully chosen to maximize the benefit of the rate control with both two force feedbacks. An evaluation of car assembling task was performed. The result showed that Haptic Boundary outperformed the unimanual interface with explicit switch by 50%. After analyze the experiment result, the orbiting inspection is combined to enhance the applicability of Haptic Boundary
Terziman, Léo. "Contribution à l'Étude des Techniques d'Interaction 3D et des Retours Sensoriels pour Améliorer la Navigation et la Marche en Réalité Virtuelle." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767488.
Pitiot, Paul. "Amélioration des techniques d'optimisation combinatoire par retour d'expérience dans le cadre de la sélection de scénarios de Produit/Projet." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT021H/document.
The definition and use of a model coupling product design and project management in the earliest phase of the study of a system correspond to a keen industrial demand. This model allows simultaneous to take into account decisions resulting from the two environments (product and project) but it represents a consequent increase of the search space dimension for the decision-making system, in particular when it concerns a multiobjective optimization. Metaheuristics methods such as evolutionary algorithm are an interesting way to solve this strongly combinative problem. Nevertheless, this problem presents an interesting and unexploited characteristic: It is indeed current to re-use, by adapting them, the components or the procedures previously implemented in pasted product or project. The idea proposed in this work consists in using this “a priori” knowledge available in order to guide the search for new solutions by the evolutionary algorithm. Bayesian network was retained for the interactive modeling of expert knowledge. New evolutionary operators were defined in order to use knowledge contained in the network. Moreover, the system is completed by a process of parametric learning during optimization witch make it possible to adapt the model if guidance does not give good results. The method suggested ensures both a faster and effective optimization, but it also makes it possible to provide to the decision maker a graphic and interactive model of knowledge linked to studied project. An experimental platform was carried out to validate our approach
Dominjon, Lionel. "Contribution à l'étude des techniques d'interaction 3D pour la manipulation d'objets avec retour haptique en environnement virtuel à échelle humaine." Angers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ANGE0001.
Haptic devices usually have a limited workspace, and suitable interaction techniques have to be used in order to make them usable in human-scale virtual environments (HSVE). Most of the techniques dedicated to object manipulation in HSVE introduce a control/display ratio different from 1. First, we show that this may modify haptic perception of mass of manipulated virtual objects. Then, we propose a new interaction paradigm in HSVE, the haptic hybrid control. In this paradigm, the force feedback of the haptic device is used to simulate an elastic device. Based on this paradigm, two new interaction techniques are presented and evaluated : the bubble technique, for object manipulation in translation, and haptic hybrid rotations, for objects rotations control
Cissé, Marame. "La migration des sénégalais qualifiés en France : entre transnationalisme et construction diasporique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100016/document.
In the current context characterized by multiple economic, political, social and technological exchanges, the mobility of scientists and other highly skilled Senegalese workers has increased. The latter, while living in France, maintain relations with their homeland and among themselves. They self-organize into networks and participate more in « distance investments » or expert missions in Senegal, which allow them to articulate « here» and « over there». These new dynamics of migration (mobility, interpolar relations, and multi-site organizations) allow reexamining the concept of diaspora. Thus, following the « brain drain» », « brain gain», the « brain reverse», concepts such as DKN ( diaspora knowledge networks) or DST (scientific and technical diaspora) emerge to analyze migrants’ self- organizations (associations or networks) based on the unity of competence and project (Meyer 2008) and which are involved in the development of their homeland. I use this renewed framework of the concept of diaspora to study the different forms of participation in the development of Senegal, by interviewing skilled Senegalese migrants who have carried out missions of expertise through TOKTEN (Transfer of Knowledge Through Expatriate Nationals) and PAID (Program of Solidarity for Development) and those who are active in associations leading activities in Senegal in the socio-economic and scientific / technical field. The results show that the process of diaspora construction relies on institutional mechanisms which allow mobilizing skills; but they are also highly structured by the life story and migratory career of the skilled migrants characterized by settlement, mobility and maintain of cultural and symbolic links with the home country
Ferecatu, Marin. "Recherche d'images par retour de pertinence actif utilisant des descripteurs visuels et textuels." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0001.
In this thesis we explore a number of issues related to interactive querying of image databases, using both the description of the visual appearance and keyword annotations. We start by introducing the weighted color histograms, that intimately integrate color, texture and shape, and we validate their quality on multiple ground truth databases. Then, we propose several improvements for the SVM-based relevance feedback approach: first, we put forward an improved active learning selection strategy, based on a reduction of the redundancy between the images selected at every feedback round and second, we propose the use of specific kernel functions, such as the triangular kernel, that allow to obtain insensitivity to changes in the scale of the data, while keeping performance at a very good level. Finally, for image databases having keyword annotations associated with images, we propose a new keyword-based feature vector that makes use of an external ontology (WordNet) to induce a semantic generalization of the concepts corresponding to keywords. When used in combination with the visual signatures, our new feature vector can improve significantly the quality of the returned results both in query by visual example situation and with relevance feedback
Gier, Sylvie Caraco Alain. "Quelle place pour les automates de prêt et de retour dans les bibliothèques publiques françaises ? Analyse technique et stratégique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/gier.pdf.
Theljani, Anis. "Partial differential equations methods and regularization techniques for image inpainting." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH0278/document.
Image inpainting refers to the process of restoring a damaged image with missing information. Different mathematical approaches were suggested to deal with this problem. In particular, partial differential diffusion equations are extensively used. The underlying idea of PDE-based approaches is to fill-in damaged regions with available information from their surroundings. The first purpose of this Thesis is to treat the case where this information is not available in a part of the boundary of the damaged region. We formulate the inpainting problem as a nonlinear boundary inverse problem for incomplete images. Then, we give a Nash-game formulation of this Cauchy problem and we present different numerical which show the efficiency of the proposed approach as an inpainting method.Typically, inpainting is an ill-posed inverse problem for it most of PDEs approaches are obtained from minimization of regularized energies, in the context of Tikhonov regularization. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the choice of regularization parameters in second-and fourth-order energy-based models with the aim of obtaining as far as possible fine features of the initial image, e.g., (corners, edges, … ) in the inpainted region. We introduce a family of regularized functionals with regularization parameters to be selected locally, adaptively and in a posteriori way allowing to change locally the initial model. We also draw connections between the proposed method and the Mumford-Shah functional. An important feature of the proposed method is that the investigated PDEs are easy to discretize and the overall adaptive approach is easy to implement numerically
Marchand, Nicolas. "Commande à horizon fuyant : théorie et mise en oeuvre." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0015.
Hadj-Kacem, Imed. "Allocation de ressources : optimisation des symboles pilotes et de la voie de retour." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0522/document.
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Millan, Mégane. "L'apprentissage profond pour l'évaluation et le retour d'information lors de l'apprentissage de gestes." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS057.
Learning a new sport or manual work is complex. Indeed, many gestures have to be assimilated in order to reach a good level of skill. However, learning these gestures cannot be done alone. Indeed, it is necessary to see the gesture execution with an expert eye in order to indicate corrections for improvement. However, experts, whether in sports or in manual works, are not always available to analyze and evaluate a novice’s gesture. In order to help experts in this task of analysis, it is possible to develop virtual coaches. Depending on the field, the virtual coach will have more or less skills, but an evaluation according to precise criteria is always mandatory. Providing feedback on mistakes is also essential for the learning of a novice. In this thesis, different solutions for developing the most effective virtual coaches are proposed. First of all, and as mentioned above, it is necessary to evaluate the gestures. From this point of view, a first part consisted in understanding the stakes of automatic gesture analysis, in order to develop an automatic evaluation algorithm that is as efficient as possible. Subsequently, two algorithms for automatic quality evaluation are proposed. These two algorithms, based on deep learning, were then tested on two different gestures databases in order to evaluate their genericity. Once the evaluation has been carried out, it is necessary to provide relevant feedback to the learner on his errors. In order to maintain continuity in the work carried out, this feedback is also based on neural networks and deep learning. A method has been developed based on neural network explanability methods. It allows to go back to the moments of the gestures when errors were made according to the evaluation model. Finally, coupled with semantic segmentation, this method makes it possible to indicate to learners which part of the gesture was badly performed, and to provide them with statistics and a learning curve
Fdili, Alaoui Sarah. "Analyse du geste dansé et retours visuels par modèles physiques : apport des qualités de mouvement à l'interaction avec le corps entier." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00805519.
Nancel, Mathieu. "Designing and combining mid-air interaction techniques in large display environments." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772458.
Balloul, Iyad. "Commande robuste des systemes non linéaires." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0001.
Bendjedia, Moussa. "Synthèse d'algorithmes de commande sans capteurs de moteurs pas à pas et implantation sur architecture programmable." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA2059.
The aim of the work presented here is the control of the hybrid step motor (HSM) without mechanical sensors. We made a bibliographical study on the various techniques of sensorless control that can be applied to the HSM. We chose the extended Kalman filter (EKF) method because it allows the filtering of the estimated states and can extend the estimation to the motor parameters. To solve the problem of computing time, we proposed a steady state FKE. We have suggested the computation of the Kalman gain off-line. The experimental results show certain advantages of this filter with regard to the incremental encoder To detect the initial rotor position, we used the method of voltage impulses. It is based on the inductance variation against the rotor position. To control the position of the HSM, we proposed an RST regulator. The simulation test sensitivity of the regulator against some parameters variations. The experimental results show certain advantages of the regulator with regard to the traditional PID regulator. We also proposed a state feedback position control. The experimental results, realized in the same conditions as that of the RST regulator, show that the state feedback control can be also a good solution to control the HSM. We realized an electronic card based on a double H-bridge and a bench of mechanical test. For the implementation of the various algorithms, we used the powerful DSpace card DS1103
Ghemraoui, Rima. "Méthodologie de conception innovante intégrant la sécurité des utilisateurs : application aux liaisons tracteur-outils." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00506040.
Whyte, Oliver. "Removing camera shake blur and unwanted occluders from photographs." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719092.
Bensmaine, Fayçal. "Modélisation et commande d'un système de stockage d'énergie à base de supercondensateur pour l'hybridation des groupes électrogènes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2341.
The research in this thesis are part of study and control of a new concept of hybrid generator to reduce the power of the diesel engine (downsizing) in order to save fuel and improve the behavior of the synchronous generator during transients. The adopted solution is to place in parallel with the synchronous generator an energy storage system. The latter consists of an inverter with a super capacitor on the DC bus. The aim of the thesis was to scale the entire supercapacitor / static converter and to develop a control law having the best performance with the best compromise between the energy exchanged in the supercapacitor, efficiency, the group speed and voltage amplitude of the generator. A feedback control condition with integration of the deviation using LMI's approach has been established for the synthesis of loop current regulators from the inverter.A second control law was developed to regulate the variable voltage across the supercapacitor. A simulator combining generator and storage system has been developed to test these commands.All validations were made on an experimental test rig specifically developed for this thesis. The tests were conducted with an electric drive motor in the test platform of the LIAS and with a diesel in that of the Leroy Somer Motors company.Finally, experimental tests have highlighted the significant contribution of this hybridization on the diesel speed variationsand on the terminal voltage of the alternator during impact or load shedding
Minteu, Kadje Danielle. "L’action publique internationale du codéveloppement : trajectoires franco-malienne et franco-sénégalaise." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40017/document.
On the basis of the legitimate interrogations raised by the emergence of an innovative concept, this research intends to analyze several revealing variables of a State in action. In this study, we aim at re-thinking international policy-making, with references to "co-development" under the prism of the French-Malian and French Senegalese trajectories. The study seeks to explore "co-development" by looking into its essence (meaning setting) and its conditions of existence (action setting). The findings of this study show that this policy as a process has major intellectuel and practical challenges; therby displaying "co-development", not as an instrumental rhetoric, but as a product of specific institutions on the France-Africa (Sahel) "double space". This analysis examines the interaction of several actors at different levels (local, regional, national, transnational, supranational, international) and public and private sectors which jointly participate in the decision-making process and in the implementation of co-development policy. Specifically, we analyze the construction process of the concept of "co-development" as an international public policy, and the dynamic governmentality of this new political rationality made up of multilevel factors
EL, AOUN Moustapha. "Optimisation des techniques de codage pour les transmissions radio avec voie de retour." Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00733300.
Blackburn, Philippe. "Entrer en état d’urgence à l’ère du capitalisme globalisé : retour critique sur quatorze ans avec Médecins Sans Frontières." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21118.