Статті в журналах: "RETENTION OF PRODUCT"

1

Yeo, Bee Li, and Rozita Naina Mohamed. "Assessing Customer Emotion Product Relationship and Customer Retention Towards Halal Cosmetic Products." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 1, no. 1 (December 9, 2016): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2016.1.1(3).

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Objective - Retailers today have acknowledged that incorporating great customer emotionproduct relationship can lead to total customer retention. In this paper an overview of the existing literature on customer emotion is provided before it is examined for the creation of customer emotion product relationship from a holistic perspective. Methodology/Technique - A conceptual model which discusses the determinants of customer emotion towards Halal cosmetic products is provided. This is then followed by taking an explicit dynamic view of the importance of the retail service quality and Halal advertising, factors that can influence customer emotion and customer retention. Data collection was based on 414 sets of questionnaires which were distributed to Malaysian consumers. The PLS-SEM analysis was used to identify the relationships between retail service quality and Halal advertising, customer emotion and customer retention. Findings – Relations were found between retail service quality, customer emotion product relationship and customer retention of Malaysian customers for Halal cosmetic products. Novelty - The findings of this study provided some insights to managers in future strategy planning by identifying the important factors affecting customer emotion product relationship and customer retention. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Halal Cosmetics; Retail Service Quality; Halal Advertising; Customer Emotion Product Relationship; Customer Retention JEL Classification: M11, M31.

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Moldoveanu, SC, and W. III Coleman. "A Pilot Study to Assess Solanesol Levels in Exhaled Cigarette Smoke." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 23, no. 3 (December 1, 2008): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0857.

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AbstractThis paper describes the results obtained during the measurement of the level of solanesol in exhaled cigarette smoke from human subjects. The study was performed with three different cigarettes with U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) ‘tar’ values of 5.0 mg, 10.6 mg, and 16.2 mg. The number of human subjects was ten smokers for each of the evaluated products, each subject smoking three cigarettes within one hour. The exhaled smoke was collected using a vacuum assisted procedure that avoids strain in exhaling, and the solanesol was analyzed using an original high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. The cigarette butts from the smokers were collected and also analyzed for solanesol. The results obtained for the cigarette butts from the smokers were used to calculate the level of solanesol delivered to the smoker, based on calibration curves. These curves were generated separately by analyzing the solanesol in smoke and in the cigarette butts obtained by machine smoking under different puffing regimes. Knowing the levels of solanesol delivered to the smoker and the exhaled levels it was possible to calculate the retention and retention % of this compound from mainstream smoke for different cigarettes types. The amount of retained solanesol is the lowest for the 5.0 mg ‘tar’ product, and the highest for the 16.2 mg ‘tar’ product, although there is not much difference between the 10.6 mg ‘tar’ product and the 16.2 mg ‘tar’ product. For the 10.6 mg ‘tar’ cigarettes the retention % was between 60% and 72%, for the 5.0 mg product the retention % was slightly lower ranging between 53% and 70%, while for the 16.2 mg ‘tar’ product, the retention % was slightly higher ranging between 62% and 82%.A statistical analysis of the retention % data using ANOVA single factor analysis showed that the 10.6 mg ‘tar’ cigarette is not different from the 16.2 mg ‘tar’ product while the retention % for the 5.0 mg ‘tar’ cigarette was statistically different from the other two products. The values for the retention % of solanesol by human smokers as found in this study were in very good agreement with the few reported results in the literature.

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3

Kassel, Ben, and Patrick David. "Long-Term Retention of Product Model Data." Journal of Ship Production 23, no. 02 (May 1, 2007): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2007.23.2.118.

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This paper discusses strategies for the long-term data retention of Weapons System Information based on the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model data and the development of a set of product model test data.

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4

Bagheri, Hadi, and Sepideh Abbaszadeh. "Effect of Cold Plasma on Quality Retention of Fresh-Cut Produce." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (December 7, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8866369.

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In recent years, the consumption of the fresh-cut products has been increased due to the consumers’ lifestyle and awareness. However, maintaining the quality and nutritional value of these products during storage is being difficult in comparison to whole fruits and vegetables. In actual, the procedures used in the fresh-cut industry may intensify the deterioration caused by physical damage by minimal processing. Commonly, the quality degradation, discolouration, loss of moisture, loss of firmness, microbial load increase, and loss of nutrients and flavor occur in the fresh-cut product after minimal processing. To maintain the quality and increase the shelf-life of the fresh-cut product, it is necessary to use various techniques, including physical, chemical, and nondestructive processes. In this review, first, an introduction to minimal processing and its effect on fresh-cut product quality was expressed, and then, the methods used to maintain fresh-cut product quality after minimal processing were reviewed. Finally, the effect of cold plasma on the qualitative characteristics in some fresh-cut products was investigated. The review showed that cold plasma treatments can significantly inhibit microorganisms and extend the shelf-life of fresh-cut products. In addition, no or minimal impacts were observed on physicochemical and organoleptic quality attributes of the treated fresh-cut products. Therefore, the use of cold plasma is promising for the fresh-cut industry.

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5

Al-Rudainy, Basel, Mats Galbe, Frank Lipnizki, and Ola Wallberg. "Galactoglucomannan Recovery with Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Membranes: Process Performance and Cost Estimations." Membranes 9, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9080099.

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In this study, we compared the GR51PP (hydrophobic/polysulfone) membrane with a series of hydrophilic (regenerated cellulose) membranes with the aim of increasing the retention of products and decreasing membrane fouling. The raw material used was a sodium-based spent sulfite liquor from the sulfite pulping process of spruce and pine. The results show that the hydrophilic membranes were superior to the hydrophobic membranes in terms of higher fluxes (up to twice the magnitude), higher product retentions and less fouling (up to five times lower fouling). The fouling was probably caused by pore blocking as observed in earlier studies. However, the hydrophilic membranes had a lower affinity for lignin, which was indicated by the lower retention and fouling. This also resulted in a separation degree, which was higher compared with the hydrophobic membrane, thus yielding a higher galactoglucomannan (GGM) purity. 2D HSQC NMR results show that no major structural differences were present in the hydrophilic and hydrophobic retentates. A techno-economical evaluation resulted in the RC70PP being chosen as the most cost-efficient membrane in terms of flux and product recovery.

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6

Nguyen, Giang Tien, Du Huy Nguyen, and Mai Anh Nguyen. "Synthesis of the reversed stationary phase for solid phase extraction using trimethoxyoctadecyl silane." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i1.536.

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Octadecyl grafting silica was synthesized using trimethoxyoctadecyl silane. Reaction conditions were optimized so that the carbon percentage of resulted material was similar to that of commercial products. Temperature and catalyst played very important roles in the reaction. The material was also undergone the end-capping process to reduce unreacted silanol groups. Final product owned 14.1 % of carbon content and 75 % of the unreacted silanols. Retention behavior of product was tested and compared to the same noes available on the market. Results showed that both resulted material and commercial had the same retention properties.

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7

MÄKYNEN, J. M., J. K. JOKINIEMI, A. AUVINEN, T. ROUTAMO, and H. TUOMISTO. "FISSION PRODUCT RETENTION EXPERIMENTS IN THE HORIZON FACILITY." Journal of Aerosol Science 32 (September 2001): 591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8502(21)00272-x.

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8

Siegel, Michael J. "Reimagining the retention problem: Moving our thinking from end-product to by-product." About Campus 15, no. 6 (January 2011): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abc.20043.

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9

Herlambang, Hendi. "Six Sigma Implementation in Connector and Terminals Manufacturing Company : A Case Study." IJIEM - Indonesian Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 1, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/ijiem.v1i1.9305.

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This research was conducted at an electronic component company located in Bekasi, Indonesia. Quality is a characteristic of this company, with the company's mission, one of which is eliminating customer claims. The application of the Six Sigma DMAIC method is expected to be used as a guideline for making durable product quality and reducing the high variation in the manufacturing process for bullet type products. This study aims to determine the variables of the factors that can affect the retention force value of bullet type terminal products, using the Taguchi method experiment. The research results with the Taguchi method experiment found that three variables affect the product retention force value, namely the largest outer diameter dimension, the most significant input diameter size dimension, and the smallest length position size dimension. After monitoring and data collection on the retention force dimension, it was found that the overall Cp process capability was 3.38, and Cpk was 1.58, so it could be said that the machine performance was excellent and stable.

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10

Borle, Sharad, Peter Boatwright, Joseph B. Kadane, Joseph C. Nunes, and Shmueli Galit. "The Effect of Product Assortment Changes on Customer Retention." Marketing Science 24, no. 4 (November 2005): 616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1050.0121.

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11

Mäkynen, J. M., J. K. Jokiniemi, A. Auvinen, T. Routamo, and H. Tuomisto. "Fission product retention experiments with horizon steam generator facility." Journal of Aerosol Science 31 (September 2000): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8502(00)90479-8.

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12

Bäcklund, Emma, Dominic Reeks, Katrin Markland, Neil Weir, Leigh Bowering, and Gen Larsson. "Fedbatch design for periplasmic product retention in Escherichia coli." Journal of Biotechnology 135, no. 4 (July 2008): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.05.002.

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13

Curtis, David, Timothy Benjamin, Alexander Gancarz, Robert Loss, Kevin Rosman, John DeLaeter, James E. Delmore, and William J. Maeck. "Fission product retention in the Oklo natural fission reactors." Applied Geochemistry 4, no. 1 (January 1989): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(89)90058-9.

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14

Delgado-González, Laura, Bruno Lartiges, Mathieu Gautier, Stéphane Troesch, and Pascal Molle. "Phosphorus retention by granulated apatite: assessing maximum retention capacity, kinetics and retention processes." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 792–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.010.

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Abstract Natural apatites have previously shown a great capacity for phosphate retention from wastewater. However, its fine particle size distribution may lead to a premature clogging of the filter. Accordingly, a granulated apatite product was developed and manufactured in order to control the particle size distribution of the media. Experiments were conducted on laboratory columns to assess their phosphorus retention capacity, to identify the processes involved in phosphorus retention and to evaluate their kinetic rates. The results showed phosphorus retention capacities of 10.5 and 12.4 g PO4-P·kg−1 and kinetic rate coefficients in the range of 0.63 and 0.23 h−1 involving lower values than those found for natural apatites in previous studies. Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed that apatite particles in the granules were embedded in the binder and were not readily accessible to act as seeds for calcium phosphate precipitation. The retention processes differ depending on the supersaturation of the solution with respect to calcium phosphate phases: at low calcium concentrations (69.8 ± 3.9 mg·L−1), hydroxyapatite precipitates fill up the porosity of the binder up to a depth of 100–300 μm from the granule surface; at higher calcium concentrations (112.7 ± 7.4 mg·L−1) precipitation occurs at the granule surface, forming successive layers of hydroxyapatite and carbonated calcium phosphates.

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15

Strugala, Vicki, Peter W. Dettmar, and Edward C. M. Thomas. "Evaluation of an Innovative Over-the-Counter Treatment for Symptoms of Reflux Disease: Quick-Dissolving Alginate Granules." ISRN Pharmaceutics 2012 (December 23, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/950162.

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Traditional antacids and alginate-based reflux suppressants are OTC products commonly used to treat reflux symptoms. There has been a lack of innovation of new formulations in this therapy area despite consumers finding established products unpalatable. Here we evaluate a novel product formulation which takes the form of quick-dissolving alginate granules in single-dose sachets (Gaviscon Direct Powder (GDP)). Market research and taste evaluation confirmed that reflux sufferers considered GDP to have good flavour and taste, no chalky aftertaste and dissolved rapidly in the mouth with 68% noting so within 10 seconds. GDP was considered convenient and easy to use. The consumer-driven product development was also shown to form a strong alginate raft in standardised in vitro conditions that met the specifications of the BP monograph (raft strength > 7.5 g). Gastric retention of GDP and a test meal was investigated in healthy volunteers using gamma scintigraphy in comparison to Liquid Gaviscon. Both products formed an alginate raft in the stomach above the test meal and emptied after the meal. The gastric retention of the GDP product was found to be noninferior to Liquid Gaviscon. In conclusion, the innovative GDP product formed an effective raft and was well liked by consumers.

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Anggraini, Lina, Hadi Suharno, and Umi Kulsum. "PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN, KUALITAS PRODUK DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP RETENSI PELANGGAN STUDI KASUS ROTI BAKAR 88 PASAR LAMA TANGERANG." EKONOMI BISNIS 24, no. 2 (March 6, 2020): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/jeb.v24i2.521.

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This research was done to analyze the effect of variable (X1) quality of service to the variable (Y) that is customer retention, the influence of variables (X2) is the quality of products to variable (Y) that is customer retention, , the influence of variables (X3) is the customer satisfaction to variable (Y) that is customer retention and the effect of variable (X1) which is variable quality Comfort , variable (X2) is the quality of the product and variabel (X3) is the customer satisfaction simultaneously to variable (Y) customer retention. This research was conducted using a survey method. The population in this study is that consumers Roti Bakar 88 Pasar Lama Tangerang. Sampling with 100 respondents conducted by random sampling technique. While the analysis is done with the data, the classic assumption test hypothesis testing, validity, reliability, multiple regression analysis, multiple correlation analysis, and analysis of the coefficient of determination (R ²). Based on data analysis performed in this study, it can be concluded that the variable (X1) quality of service and significant positive effect on the variable (Y) is 38% of customer retention. Variable (X2) is the product quality and significant positive effect on the variable (Y) is 11% of customer retention, Variable (X3) is the customer satisfaction and significant positive effect on the variable (Y) is 18% of customer retention. F-count value is greater than the value of 798,01 F-table is 0,39. So Ho rejected and Ha accepted. The rest was influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

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17

Guo, Yan Xia, Yu Ting Li, Fang Qin Cheng, and Feng Ling Yang. "Effect of Coal Fly Ash as Additive on the Sulfur Retention of Coal Briquette." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1583.

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Clean coal briquette is one of the most effective techniques to remove SO2 from coal combustion by using sulfur-retention agent to retain sulfur in coal residuals. Ca(OH)2 has been proved to be an effective sulfur-retention agent. CaSO4 as the primary sulfur-containing product, however, is thermal unstable at high temperatures. It has been reported that SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 etc. are excellent sulfur retention additives, those are abundant in coal fly ash. In this study coal fly ash was used to the additive to improve the sulfur retention of coal briquette. The results showed that the addition of coal fly ash can improve the sulfur retention. The modified coal fly ash obtained by calcinations assisted with Ca(OH)2 can improve the sulfur retention more noticeable. The SEM and XRD results further indicated that coal fly ash promoted the formation of the sulfur-containing products such as Ca-Si-S-O compounds with high thermally stability.

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18

Chính Nghia, Nguyen, Vu Thu Trang, and Do Van Duong. "WHEY PROTEIN ADDITION TO FACILITATE ACCELERATION OF YOGHURT FERMENTATION." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 57, no. 3B (November 12, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/57/3b/14346.

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Whey proteins were present in appropriate proportion in milk, during heat-treatment at pasteurization temperatures; whey proteins and casein have the ability to form firm gel of uniform porosity through heat-induced protein-protein interactions. In this study, the addition of whey proteins in fresh milk were carry out to investigate whether whey protein would accelerate yoghurt fermentation time and facilitate the yoghurt structure. The results indicated that the addition of whey concentrate 80 increased the water retention capacity of the final product. Whey protein concentrate 80 supplement at the content of 0.8% shortened fermentation time for the product 12.5%. The addition of whey protein also improved the properties of water retention until 26%, viscosity and structure of yoghurt products.

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19

Han, Heesup, Wansoo Kim, Sanghyeop Lee, and Hye-Ran Kim. "How Image Congruity and Satisfaction Impact Customer Retention at Luxury Restaurants: A Moderated Mediation Framework." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 46, no. 6 (June 5, 2018): 891–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6767.

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We investigated the impact of customers' image congruity and their satisfaction on customer retention at luxury restaurants. We examined the conspicuousness of product consumption as the moderator in the relationship of image congruity and customer satisfaction. Our assessment of the measurement model revealed acceptable levels of reliability and construct validity. Our findings from the structural model assessment indicated that both image congruity and customer satisfaction exerted an influence on customer retention that was sufficiently significant to explain the total variance in retention. In addition, results showed that customer satisfaction was prominent in determining retention, acting as a significant mediator. Conspicuousness of product consumption was a significant moderator of the relationship between image congruity and customer satisfaction. Overall, our findings offer researchers and practitioners in the luxury restaurant industry valuable information regarding customer retention.

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20

Oliveira, Letícia F., Jefferson L. G. Corrêa, Paula G. Silveira, Marina B. Vilela, and João R. de J. Junqueira. "Drying of ‘yacon’ pretreated by pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, no. 8 (August 2021): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n8p560-565.

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ABSTRACT In this study, the ‘yacon’ was dried using pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration as pretreatment followed by vacuum drying (at different temperatures) or convective drying. The use of osmotic dehydration and vacuum drying had their influence evaluated concerning drying kinetics and quality of the final product, considering fructan retention, color, and water activity. Fick’s second law and Page’s equation were suitable for the fitting of drying evolution. It was observed that higher temperatures (60 °C) resulted in shorter drying time, higher diffusivity, and higher fructan retention when compared to 40 and 50 °C. The osmotic pretreatment and the vacuum drying differed in fructan retention (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, the dried product, osmotically pretreated, presented a shorter drying time. The best condition was vacuum drying at 60 ºC, preceded by pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration that resulted in fructan retention of approximately 38% in a quicker, higher diffusivity and lighter color product concerning the other tested conditions.

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21

Bsharah, F., and M. Less. "Requirements and strategies for the retention of automotive product data." Computer-Aided Design 32, no. 2 (February 2000): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4485(99)00097-4.

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22

ABIORO, Matthew Adekunle, Dauda Adewole OLADEJO, and Faderera Oluwatoyin ASHOGBON. "WORKFORCE RETENTION STRATEGIES AND CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY." LASU Journal of Employment Relations & Human Resource Management 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108//ljerhrm/8102.01.0110.

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Over the years, managers are being faced with the challenges of how to handle issues relating to high rates of employees’ turnover due to increasing competition in the global market. Not only that, retention also affects the performance and productivity of any organization if not managed adequately. It is against this backdrop that this study examined the influence of workforce retention strategies on corporate development in Nigeria. The study used primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical techniques were used to determine the frequencies and percentages of demographic reports of the respondents, while inferential statistical technique of product moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to analyze the relationship between workforce retention strategies and corporate development. Findings however revealed that there is a significant influence at p<0.05 of workforce retention on corporate development. The result indicated a positive relationship between staff retention (r=0.553) on corporate development in Nigeria. The study confirmed a number of conclusions and recommendations. Aspect revealed which most likely to influence job satisfaction and bring about workforce retentions are; appropriate compensation and reward system, high level of communication, training and development and ultimately good work environment. Finally, for a sustainable corporate development, management should work towards ensuring a proper alignment of different retention practices with staffs’ value and needs. Also, all staffs at different cadres, should be treated with utmost fairness and equity.

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23

Onjia, Antonije, Tatjana Vasiljevic, Djuro Cokesa, and Mila Lausevic. "Factorial design in isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography of phenolic compounds." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 67, no. 11 (2002): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0211745o.

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A multifactor optimization strategy was utilized to predict the isocratic HPLC separation of nine phenols. The retention behavior was studied as a function of changing eluent (methanol ? acetic acid) composition. The predicted and measured retentions are in rather good agreement. To locate the optimum in the factor space, the normalized resolution product criterion was applied. In virtually every case, the resolution is limited by the separation of the 2-chlorophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol pair.

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24

Żyłła, Renata, Rafał Milala, Irena Kamińska, Marcin Kudzin, Marta Gmurek, and Stanisław Ledakowicz. "Impact of Advanced Oxidation Products on Nanofiltration Efficiency." Water 11, no. 3 (March 15, 2019): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030541.

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The aim of the work was to determine the influence of salicylic acid (SA) oxidation products on the effectiveness of their further removal in the membrane filtration process. Two commercial polyamide-based polymer membranes, HL (GE Osmonics) and TS80 (TriSepTM), were used and characterized by SEM microscopic analysis, contact angles, and free surface energy. The products of salicylic acid oxidation, 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and catechol, were determined and their impact on the removal of unreacted salicylic acid in the nanofiltration process was investigated. It was also checked to what extent and why they were retained or not by the membranes. The results of the research have shown that the main product of salicylic acid oxidation, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, has a negative impact on the retention of salicylic acid in the nanofiltration stage, while the other product, catechol, improves SA retention. The determined values of contact angles correlate well with solubility (S) of the tested compounds, which increases in the following order SSA < S2,3-DHBA < SCAT, while the contact angle of the membrane decreases. Nevertheless, it has been shown that some oxidation products can penetrate the environment due to poorer membrane separation properties of these products.

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Linders, J., H. Mensink, G. Stephenson, D. Wauchope, and K. Racke. "Foliar Interception and Retention Values after Pesticide Application. A Proposal for Standardized Values for Environmental Risk Assessment (Technical Report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 72, no. 11 (January 1, 2000): 2199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200072112199.

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In performing risk assessments for plant protection products by applicants or regulators in relation to the registration of the products, an important aspect to take into account is the foliar interception and retention of the active substance of the product on the plant. An overview is given of the approaches to this item in several parts of the world. The relevant circumstances and influencing variables, such as growth phase, planting density, and some physicochemical characteristics (e.g., vapor pressure and Henry's coefficient) are dealt with. Finally, a proposal is presented for how to take into account the phenomenon of foliar interception and retention in the initial phase, first tier, of the risk assessment process.

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26

Bach, Peter, and Kimani Gichuhi. "CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGIES AND PROFITABILITY AMONGST INSURANCE COMPANIES IN KENYA: A CASE OF LIBERTY LIFE ASSURANCE CO. LTD." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 06 (June 30, 2022): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14854.

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This study sought to investigate the influence of customer retention on profitability of insurance companies in Kenya using Liberty Life Assurance Company Ltd as a proxy. The Specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of product quality assess the effect of quality customer service, and to establish the influence of firms service/product pricing on profitability. The theories of Assimilation, Contrast, and Assimilation-Contrast guided this current study. Descriptive and correlational design were used on a target population of 2, 653 customers who have held life policies since 2010 with Liberty Life Assurance Co. The sample of the study consisted of 347 respondents. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data from customers while a structured interview schedule was used to collect qualitative data from 10 managers. Validity of instruments was ensured by consulting experts from Business Administration Department, Africa Nazarene University. Reliability of instruments was achieved through test-retest method on randomly selected 39 customers, whereby Cronbachs Alpha of 0.849 was calculated from the obtained data. Qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis while correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between customer retention strategies and profitability in Liberty Life Ltd, Kenya. The study findings showed that 40.4% changes in profitability at Liberty Life Assurance is attributed to the customer retention strategies investigated by the study (R2 =0.4042). Findings also showed that product quality (Î²=0.428) quality of services (Î²=1.188) and product pricing (Î²=0.601) all are significant predictors {F (1, 338) =88.495, P<0.05} of profitability at Liberty Life. It is concluded that product quality, quality of services, and product pricing are critical customer retention strategies for enhancing firm profitability. The study therefore recommends insurance should adopt corporate social responsibility practices as well as flexibility mode of premium payment to improve and stabilize their customer base. Further research should be done on the influence of expanded benefits in insurance product packages on customer retention and profitability.

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27

Sribut, Kitiya, and Chakkrit Umpuch. "Effect of Applied Pressure on the Separation of Succinate and Acetate in Dead-End Nanofiltration." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.173.

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The objective of this work is to study the removal of acetate from succinate in an aqueous solution by dead-end nanofiltration. The effect of applied pressure under 40, 50 and 60 psi on the separation between both solutes was investigated. Experiments with a HL4040FM membrane were evaluated using various synthetic solutions, i.e. single-solute solutions of potassium acetate and potassium succinate and mixed-solute solutions containing both solutes. In single-solute solution, the retentions of acetate and succinate salts increase with increasing in applied pressures. At each applied pressure the retention of acetate salt decreases with time while the retention of succinate salt declines to a constant. In mixed-solute solutions, in presence of succinate anion, the retention of acetate anion is significantly lower than those observed in single-solute solution even showing negative value. The lower retention of acetate can be well described by the facilitated transport of the monovalent anion due to pumping effect and electroneutrality in the presence of a divalent anion. It was expected that removal of acetate by-product from succinate solution with HL4040FM in dead end filtration was possible.

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Mohanty, Swaroop, Biswajit Das, Prashanta Chandra Panda, Priti Ranjan Sahoo, and Jayant Kumar Panigrahi. "Study of Factors that Influence Retailers in Product Assortment as Per the Customers Preference of Products, Leading to Improved Retailer Performance for Customer Satisfaction and Retention." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 11-SPECIAL ISSUE (November 29, 2019): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11sp11/20192929.

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Eseyin, Anthonia E., Kieran I. Ekpenyong, S. M. Dangoggo, Onyanobi Abel Anyebe, and Emad M. El-Giar. "Product Distribution in the Low Temperature Conventional Pyrolysis of Nigerian Corn Stalks." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss1.300.

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In view of the global energy crises and the ongoing renewable energy studies, clear understanding of the product distribution in the pyrolysis of lignocellulose from different corn plant components is required. Unextracted lignocellulose from the dry corn stalks was pyrolysed at 200oC and 250oC for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes, respectively in an in house reactor. Liquid (bio-oil), gaseous and solid (bio-char) products were obtained. Their volumes and masses were determined. The volumes of the liquid and gaseous products produced increased with retention time and temperature while the masses of the solid products decreased with retention time and temperature. The pyrolysed corn stalks produced 17.93% bio-oil, 43.33% bio-char and 38.74% gases. The reaction order and rate constants were determined. The reaction was found to be first order. The bio-oil compounds that were detected by GCMS were identified from the MS library and characterized into: acids, ester, alcohol, phenol, alkane, multicomponent compounds and miscellaneous oxygenates. The bio-oils samples obtained were shown to be comparable with those produced by other processes.

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BEKE, G. J., and M. I. MacCORMICK. "PREDICTING VOLUMETRIC WATER RETENTIONS FOR SUBSOIL MATERIALS FROM COLCHESTER COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 65, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss85-026.

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Relationships between soil water retention and soil properties were developed for subsoil materials from Colchester County, Nova Scotia. The significant variables in the regression equation for soil water content at a suction of 33 kPa were the sand content and the product of silt content and bulk density of the soil. The variables for water retention at 1500 kPa suction were the clay content and the product of organic matter content and bulk density. The multiple correlation coefficients were 0.87 and 0.92 for suctions of 33 and 1500 kPa, respectively. The developed equations were comparable to ones derived elsewhere. Key words: Water retention, texture, organic matter, bulk density

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Aggarwal, Sugandha, Anshu Gupta, Arshia Kaul, Mohan Krishnamoorthy, and P. C. Jha. "Multi-product dynamic advertisement planning in a segmented market." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 27, no. 2 (2017): 169–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor170117016a.

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In this paper, a dynamic multi-objective linear integer programming model is proposed to optimally distribute a firm?s advertising budget among multiple products and media in a segmented market. To make the media plan responsive to the changes in the market, the distribution is carried out dynamically by dividing the planning horizon into smaller periods. The model incorporates the effect of the previous period advertising reach on the current period (taken through retention factor), and it also considers cross-product effect of simultaneously advertising different products. An application of the model is presented for an insurance firm that markets five different products, using goal programming approach.

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Wen, Wei Neng, Yu Xia Pang, Hong Ming Lou, and Xin Ping Ouyang. "Application of Lignosulfonate in 40% Myclobutanil Wettable Powder." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.46.

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Lignosulfonate (LS) is an important dispersant for wettable powder (WP). Though domestic products of lignosulfonate in China are very cheap compared to imported products, their performance is often inferior. Two modified products GCL4-1 and GCL4-A, from sodium lignosulfonate and alkali lignin respectively, were developed and their dispersive effects on the performance of 40% myclobutanil wettable powder (WP) were studied compared with the imported product Borresperse Na and the domestic product SXMN. Results show that GCL4-1 and GCL4-A have superior performance in these properties: suspensibility, wettability, surface tension, contact angle and solution retention. GCL4-A was found to be a suitable dispersant for the wettable powder pesticide for it has the best performance per unit price.

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Kavita, Patricia, Susan Wamitu, and Joseph Nzomoi. "Relationship between Bank Customer Retention Strategies and Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Machakos Town." European Journal of Business and Strategic Management 7, no. 2 (September 12, 2022): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ejbsm.1640.

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Purpose: this study was to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the commercial banks in Machakos Town. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey design. The target population was 82 commercial bank customers in Machakos Town. Primary data was collected through use of structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics included frequency, mean and standard deviation. Simple regression modeling was used to aid in data analysis. Results: Research findings revealed that F statistic of model 1 was 33.236(p=.000). This portrayed that the influence of service quality aspect of customer retention strategies on customer satisfaction was statistically significant at 95% confidence level for (p<.05). Hence this model was suitable to estimate customer satisfaction amongst the five commercial banks in Machakos town. Adjusted R2 was of .648 which implies that customer retention strategies explained 64.8% of the variations in customer satisfaction. Bank retention strategies had statistically significant influence on customer satisfaction with a one unit change leading to .384(p=.000) change in customer satisfaction. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that management need to improve on efficiency in its operations regarding the customers and develop their products fully so as to satisfy their customers and control their product prices as well to be sure of customer retention. In addition, the bank should mitigate the risk of customer loss by ensuring that policies are put in place maintain product diversification.

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Żyłła, Renata, Magdalena Foszpańczyk, Magdalena Olak-Kucharczyk, Joanna Marszałek, and Stanisław Ledakowicz. "Removal of Organic Compounds with an Amino Group during the Nanofiltration Process." Membranes 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12010058.

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The research covered the process of nanofiltration of low molecular weight organic compounds in aqueous solution. The article presents the results of experiments on membrane filtration of compounds containing amino groups in the aromatic ring and comparing them with the results for compounds without amino groups. The research was carried out for several commercial polymer membranes: HL, TS40, TS80, DL from various manufacturers. It has been shown that the presence of the amino group and its position in relation to the carboxyl group in the molecule affects the retention in the nanofiltration process. The research also included the oxidation products of selected pharmaceuticals. It has been shown that 4-Amino-3,5-dichlorophenol—a oxidation product of diclofenac and 4-ethylbenzaldehyde—a oxidation product of IBU, show poor separation efficiency on the selected commercial membranes, regardless of the pH value and the presence of natural organic matter (NOM). It has been shown that pre-ozonation of natural river water can improve the retention of pollutants removed.

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Liu, Gui Yang, Jun Ming Guo, Bao Sen Wang, and Ying He. "Molten Salt Combustion Synthesis of LiMn₂O₄ at 600°C: the Effect of Calcination Time." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.457.

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Spinel LiMn2O4 were prepared by a molten salt combustion method at 600°C. The phase composition of the products was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the electrochemical performance was tested by a coin-type self battery. XRD results presented that the purity and the crystallinity of the products increased with extending calcining time. Single phase LiMn2O4 could be prepared at 600°C for 6 and 12h. The ratio of lithium/manganese also affected the phase compositions of the products. The purity and crystallinity of the product with the molar ratio of Li/Mn=1.1/2 were higher than these of the product with the molar ratio of Li/Mn=1.05/2. The performance tests indicated that the electrochemical performance of the product prepared at 600°C for 6h is the best. The initial discharge capacity was 112.8mAh/g, and after 20 cycles, the capacity retention is 81.8%. The product with Li/Mn=1.1/2 had better electrochemical performance than the product with Li/Mn=1.05/2.

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Ko, Ya-Hsien. "Influencing Factors on Color and Product-Function Association." Psychological Reports 108, no. 3 (June 2011): 861–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/01.09.24.pr0.108.3.861-873.

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The associations of age, sex, and matching types with color and product-function were examined in a real-world product scenario (shampoo) among 128 volunteers (M age = 29.3 yr.; SD = 15.6). A pilot study identified eight popular colors and eight product-functions. The association between color and product-function was explored in the main sample. Responses suggested seven pairings of color/product-functions: Red/Hot oil treatment, Yellow/Bright and shiny hair, Green/Herbal extracts, Blue/Deep cleaning, Purple/Soothing, Black/Antiseptic, and White/Anti-dandruff. Analyses indicated that adult participants required more repetitions for retention, as did memorization with random pairing compared to participant-selected pairings. There were statistically significant correlations of responses to colors and product functions. With known color/product-function associations, manufacturers might promote their products more effectively. It is suggested that the associations might be sex- or culture-specific.

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Cillo, Paola, and Gaia Rubera. "Good for Attraction, Bad for Retention? Investors' Reaction to Product Innovativeness." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 15201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.15201abstract.

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Wei, Dailong, Zigui Cao, and Zhilin Tang. "An effective approach to improve split-gate flash product data retention." Journal of Semiconductors 38, no. 10 (October 2017): 106001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/38/10/106001.

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Foster, Douglas F., David Gudmunsen, Dave J. Adams, Alison M. Stuart, Eric G. Hope, David J. Cole-Hamilton, Gary P. Schwarz, and Peter Pogorzelec. "Hydroformylation in perfluorinated solvents; improved selectivity, catalyst retention and product separation." Tetrahedron 58, no. 20 (May 2002): 3901–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00215-6.

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Haws, Kelly L., Rebecca Walker Naylor, Robin A. Coulter, and William O. Bearden. "Keeping it all without being buried alive: Understanding product retention tendency." Journal of Consumer Psychology 22, no. 2 (April 2012): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.05.003.

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41

Gkotsis, Georgios, Jonathan James Stanley Rickard, Anju Brooker, Serafim Bakalis, Liam M. Grover, and Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer. "Fabrication of optimized skin biomimics for improved interfacial retention of cosmetic emulsions." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 143 (June 2018): 20180332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0332.

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Retention of hydrophobic active agents on human skin following the use of skin-care formulations is an important indication of the performance of the deposited product. We have developed a novel system which replicates the interaction between human skin and a cosmetic emulsion to systematically establish and characterize the key parameters driving the retention process at the interface. This included a comprehensive study of the skin's biology and physical properties which influenced the process, the fabrication of advanced, improved skin biomimics, the formulation of a cosmetic model-system emulsion, comprising a hydrophobic active agent i.e. petrolatum, commonly used in cosmetic products, the development of a dedicated and highly consistent deposition rig with a corresponding cleaning set-up and the systematic characterization of retention processes on the developed mimics. This study further explores the interplay of petrolatum with skin biomimics and studies the mechanisms that give rise to improved interfacial retention. Petrolatum has been found to create an occlusive layer on the skin mimic, displaying high coverage from emulsion formulations. The large particle size emulsions yielded improved retention on the developed skin biomimics due to the microstructure of the emulsion and the counter effect of the surfactant.

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Flaumenhaft, Elissa J., Terry Khat, and Susanne Marschner. "Retention of Coagulation Factors and Storage of Freeze-Dried Plasma." Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa347.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Terumo BCT is developing a system to produce a freeze-dried plasma product, Terumo’s freeze-dried plasma (TFDP), that is stored in a rugged, light-weight plastic package suitable for field use, which retains a stable level of specific coagulation factors and proteins within clinical range, when stored for up to 2 years at room temperature and 4°C. Materials and Methods Plasma frozen within 24 hours of phlebotomy (PF24) were thawed, sampled, and individually lyophilized to produce a corresponding TFDP unit. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units were thawed, sampled, pooled in groups of 10 units (also sampled) and lyophilized to produce 2 lots of TFDP. Each TFDP unit was reconstituted with water for injection (WFI) and tested for pH, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, factors V and VIII, fibrinogen, protein C, and protein S. Results were compared with PF24/FFP. Additional FFP units were thawed, sampled, pooled, divided to generate 2 TFDP units for each time point (1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, one each stored at 4°C and 25°C) and lyophilized. Postlyophilization, TFDP units were stored at 4°C or 25°C, reconstituted with WFI, and tested for the factors listed above. Residual moisture content of the lyophilized plasma was also tested. Results Coagulation factor activity of TFDP was ±20% of PF24/FFP. Pooling standardized variation in TFDP coagulation factor activities, which were within clinical ranges postlyophilization. The pH of TFDP and PF24/FFP were within required range. Residual moisture content of TFDP was <2%. Conclusions The TFDP process had no negative impact on coagulation factor activity. Input plasma and anticoagulant type did not affect TFDP quality. Pooling FFP normalized factor variability in TFDP and did not negatively impact product quality. The TFDP is stable for up to 24 months at room and refrigerated temperatures. Terumo’s freeze-dried plasma is comparable to PF24/FFP. It does not require complex logistics or time-consuming thawing. Terumo’s freeze-dried plasma may be suitable for rapid treatment of coagulopathies with logistical advantages over PF24/FFP.

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Pal Bariha, Pratik. "Customer Loyalty Program and Retention Relationship." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 5069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.2012.

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The aim of this study is to achieve the understanding on the different types of loyalty programs and their impact on the customers buying decision, patterns, behavior and ultimately the impact of their retention towards the brand or product in a long term. To achieve the conclusion, different research papers with the different surveys and geographic location were taken with random data. The participants in the surveys were primarily students and people from age group between 20-45 years. The finding from the study clearly shows that there is a significant impact of customer retention on different types of loyalty program.

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Del Amo, Cristina, Arantza Perez-Valle, Elena Perez-Zabala, Karmele Perez-del-Pecho, Ainara Larrazabal, Andima Basterretxea, Paola Bully, and Isabel Andia. "Wound Dressing Selection Is Critical to Enhance Platelet-Rich Fibrin Activities in Wound Care." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020624.

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The use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is investigated in ulcer management because it provides a healing milieu rich in growth factors and cytokines. Although crucial, the relevance of secondary dressings is under-researched and no data support the use of any particular dressing in preference to another. We assessed the properties of different dressing categories, including alginates, hydrocolloids, foams, hydrofibers, films, meshes and gauzes, in terms of affinity for PRF, releasate management (retention/extrusion) and the kinetics of cytokine release as well as the influence of each combination product, [PRF + dressing], on dermal cell behaviour, aiming to provide useful information for choosing the most adequate dressing for each particular patient. Active dressings including alginates, hydrofibers, foams and hydrocolloids blend with PRF, creating a diverse combination of products with different performances. Alginate and hydrofiber showed the highest affinity but moderate retention of releasate, without interfering with cell functions. Instead, the foam sequestered the releasate and hindered the release of growth factors, thereby compromising cell activities. Film and mesh presented very poor releasate retention and performed similarly to PRF by itself. Affinity index and releasate management explained 79% of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) concentration variability, p < 0.001. Cell proliferation depended on the ability of the combination product to retain/release supernatant, PDGF-BB concentration and cell adhesion R2 = 0.91, p = 0.014.

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Uwamaria, Justine, and Gitahi Njenga. "Customer Retention Strategies and Performance of Commercial Banks in Rwanda: A Case Study of Equity Bank Rwanda Public Limited Company (PLC)." Journal of Advance Research in Business Management and Accounting (ISSN: 2456-3544) 7, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 75–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnbma.v7i10.1067.

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The main objective of research was to examine the influence of consumer retention strategies on the performance of Commercial Banks in Rwanda; taking Equity Bank Rwanda PLC as the case study. More specifically the study sought to; examine how consumer retention strategies affect the performance of Equity Bank Rwanda PLC; to determine the performance level of Equity Bank Rwanda PLC; and to establish the relationship between consumer retention strategies and the performance of Equity Bank Rwanda PLC. The study adopted three theories; relationship commitment model, customer bonding theory and disconfirmation of customer satisfaction. The study used descriptive case study research design. The study’s target population was 134 staff members. Slovin’s formula was used to calculate the sample size n=100. Purposive technique of sampling was used dependent on the analyst's judgment that the selected sample matched the study’s objectives. The researcher collected primary data from the respondents using survey questionnaires. Secondary data was sourced from open access libraries and peer reviewed journals relevant to the study. Questionnaires that were accurately completed were assigned with codes and entered into the SPSS computer software for analysis. Data was presented using frequencies, rates, and means, standard deviations, and exhibited as tables. Person correlations and regression examinations were utilized to decide and clarify the connection between study variables. Respondents strongly agreed that products and services presented by the bank meet the needs of the customers (mean 4.54); agreed that; services given by the bank coordinate the requirements of the customers (mean 4.42); accuracy was assured in all bank transactions (mean 4.24); bank officials made follow-ups to ensure that complaints were handled effectively and consumers were satisfied (mean 4.25); and customer complaints were handled immediately (mean 4.08). Respondents strongly agreed that the bank has memorable advertisements that capture significant data with respect to their products and services (mean 4.59); agreed that the bank offered novel and particular items (mean 4.46); the bank used latest technology that had diversified its ability to offer services to customers (mean 4.17); and the adoption of Mobile banking and the frequency of transactions using Money Transfer technologies ‘EazzyPay” had increased the bank’s profitability (mean 4.13). A regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of consumer retention strategies on bank performance when the dependent variables were regressed against the independent variables. The findings suggested a 65.3% variance of customer retention rates, 75.5% variance of customer growth, and 53.5% variance of Banking operational costs as accounted for by the model, in this case, consumer perceived pricing, service quality delivery, and product diversification. ANOVA results suggested consumer retention rates (p=.006), customer growth (p = .024), Banking operational costs (.003) indicating that the models were significant in predicting the influence of consumer retention strategies on bank performance given that the p values were <0.05 or < 0.01. Conclusions made by the study suggested that Equity bank had adopted customer retention strategies that contribute towards improving its market share. Service quality consumer retention strategies adopted by the bank had contributed towards increment in the quantity of consumers seeking products and services. Product diversity retention strategies had led to high satisfaction rates among consumers. The study recommended that banks should strengthen consumer analysis in order to ensure that it foresees changing needs for more quality products and services.

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Liu, Gui Yang, Jun Ming Guo, Bao Sen Wang, and Ying He. "Flameless Solution Combustion Synthesis of Al³⁺ Doped LiMn₂O₄." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.7.

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Single phase Al3+ doped LiMn2O4 has been prepared by flameless solution combustion synthesis method at 600oC for 1h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electric microscope (SEM) were used to determine the phase composition and micro morphology of the products. XRD analysis indicates that the purities increase and the lattice parameters of the products decrease with increasing Al3+ content. Electrochemical test indicates that the cycling performance of the products with Al3+ doping are better than that of the product without Al3+ doping. The product LiAl0.10Mn1.90O4 gets the best electrochemical performance. At the current density of 30mA/g, the initial discharge capacity of LiAl0.10Mn1.90O4 is 124.8mAh/g, and after 20 cycles, the capacity retention is more than 89%. SEM investigation indicates that the particles of LiAl0.10Mn1.90O4 are sub-micron in size and well dispersed.

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Williams, J. D., T. H. Lee, R. A. Lewis, and F. Austen. "Intracellular retention of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway product, leukotriene B4, by human neutrophils activated with unopsonized zymosan." Journal of Immunology 134, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 2624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.134.4.2624.

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Abstract The cellular and extracellular distribution of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) generated in human neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated with unopsonized zymosan has been compared with that generated in PMN activated by the calcium ionophore. The amounts of extracellular and intracellular LTB4 were quantitated by radioimmunoassay. The authenticity of the immunoreactive LTB4 was confirmed by the elution of a single immunoreactive peak after reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) at the retention time of synthetic LTB4, by the identical elution time of a peak of radiolabeled product derived from [3H]arachidonic acid-labeled PMN with the immunoreactive product, and by the comparable chemotactic activity on a weight basis of immunoreactive LTB4 and synthetic LTB4 standard. Under optimal conditions of stimulation by unopsonized zymosan, more than 78% of the generated immunoreactive LTB4 remained intracellular, whereas with optimal activation by the ionophore, less than 8.6% of immunoreactive LTB4 was retained. Resolution by RP-HPLC of the products from the supernatants and cell extracts of [3H]arachidonic acid-labeled PMN stimulated with unopsonized zymosan and those stimulated with calcium ionophore allowed identification and measurement of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), 6-trans-LTB4, LTB4, and omega oxidation products of LTB4 by radioactivity. With zymosan stimulation of PMN, 5-HETE and the 6-trans-LTB4 diastereoisomers were not released, LTB4 was partially released, and the omega oxidation products of LTB4 were preferentially extracellular in distribution. In contrast, with ionophore stimulation, only 5-HETE had any duration of intracellular residence being equally distributed intra- and extracellularly throughout the 30-min period of observation; 6-trans-LTB4, LTB4, and the omega oxidation products of LTB4 were retained at less than 19%. The respective distributions of 5-HETE after zymosan and ionophore stimulation were not altered by the introduction of albumin to the reaction mixtures to prevent reacylation, or by hydrolysis of the cell extract to uncover any product that had been reacylated. The finding that stimulation of PMN with unopsonized zymosan results in the cellular retention of 5-lipoxygenase products suggests that release of these metabolites may be an event that is regulated separately from their generation.

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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Md Miaruddin, MG Ferdous Chowdhury, Md Hafizul Haque Khan, and Md Muzahid-E. Rahman. "Preservation of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by Osmotic Dehydration." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 1 (July 11, 2012): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11178.

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Preservation of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by osmotic dehydration method has been standardized. Four treatments of sugar concentration viz. 35°:, 40°:, 45°:, and 50°: Brix were used for osmotic dehydration. After osmosis of the jackfruit slices in the sugar solutions these were laid on the cabinet drier for dehydration. After osmotic dehydration, the products were packed in high density polyethylene bags and stored in ambient temperature for a period of 8 months. The physico-chemical properties and the microbiological changes of the products were evaluated and a taste panel evaluated the organoleptic quality of the products during the storage period. Minimum microbial count was recorded for osmosis in 50°: Brix sugar solution followed by 45°: Brix sugar solution. The retention of vitamin A (ß- carotene), vitamin C, total acid and total sugar was also better for osmosis in 45°: Brix sugar solution followed by 50°: Brix sugar solution. The product of 45°: Brix solution when stored 8 months at room temperature secured highest score in organoleptic evaluation and was ranked "like moderately" followed by the product of 50°: Brix solution. Considering the overall acceptance of sensory evaluations, retention of nutritional quality and quantity of sugar needed, the osmotic dehydrated jackfruit prepared by 45°: Brix sugar solution could be selected for commercial processing.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11178Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 67-75, March 2012

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Matilani, Amboso Joan, and Simon Nyakwara. "Strategies Adopted by Commercial Banks to Enhance Customer Retention in Kenya." East African Journal of Business and Economics 6, no. 1 (July 3, 2023): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajbe.6.1.1282.

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Customer retention is increasingly being seen as an important managerial issue, especially in the context of a saturated market or lower growth of the number of new customers. The purpose of the study will be to assess the influence of strategic responses by commercial banks on customer retention in Kenya, the case of Kenya Commercial Bank Kisii branches. The data was coded to enable the responses to be grouped into various categories. Data collected in this study was quantitative. The quantitative data was analysed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Statistics. The findings were presented by the use of frequency distribution tables. The study sought to establish the strategic responses adopted by commercial banks in Kenya to enhance customer retention. The study deduced that the level of service quality in the bank was high. The study established that technology adoption affected customer retention to a moderate extent. To a moderate extent, the bank had adopted new technologies on time, adoption of new technologies had improved the task completion rate among staff, adoption of information technologies had improved the bank’s agency banking management, adoption of information technology had increased the modes of service delivery in the bank and adoption of information technology had improved the portability of the bank’s services internationally. The study further established that product differentiation had been adopted by the banks to a moderate extent. To a moderate extent, the Banks had well-differentiated financial products from other banks; the bank had a well-differentiated market segment from other banks; The Banks had unique financial products for their customers and financial product differentiation has allowed the bank to position itself better on the market. The study concluded that customer relationship management strategy had affected customer retention. Commercial banks had created a platform to manage interactions; the interaction system with customers had improved customer satisfaction levels; the interaction system with customers had reduced the number of customer complaints; and the interaction system with customers had enabled the banks to learn the expectations and needs of its customers. From the findings, it was evident that customer relationship management had affected customer retention; thus, the study recommends that commercial banks should improve customer satisfaction, interaction with customers and systems to know their needs. Technology adoption, commercial banks should adopt new information technologies which would meet customer needs and improve efficiency in the banking industry in Kenya.

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Chappalwar, Anita M., Vikas Pathak, Meena Goswami, and Arun Kumar Verma. "Development of functional chicken patties with incorporation of mango peel powder as fat replacer." Nutrition & Food Science 50, no. 6 (January 3, 2020): 1063–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-07-2019-0230.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop functional chicken patties with incorporation of mango peel powder as a fat replacer. Design/methodology/approach Low-fat chicken patties were developed by incorporating mango peel powder as fat replacer at 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0% level to replace 50% vegetable oil in the formulation. The product was evaluated for various physico-chemical properties and sensory attributes. Findings There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between control and treatments for all physico-chemical properties except product pH and protein content. The emulsion pH, emulsion stability, water activity, fat and cholesterol content of mango peel treated chicken patties were significantly (p < 0.01) lower, however, cooking yield, moisture content, fat retention and moisture retention values were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than control. All mineral content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in treatments except potassium and phosphorous content. Incorporation of mango peel powder had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on textural and colour parameters. Sensory scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in treatments, however, the product was well acceptable up to 2% of mango peel powder incorporation. Originality/value Fat has an important role in comminuted meat products, its reduction results in rubbery and dry textured products and poses difficulties in terms of flavour and texture. Meat products with high-fat content may exert a great harmful effect on human health such as obesity and high blood cholesterol level. Hence, there is a need for using suitable ingredient, which is able to replace fat without affecting quality. Mango peel may be used as suitable fat replacer at 2% to replace 50% added vegetable fat without affecting quality parameters.

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