Готові списки джерел за темами / Restoration genomics

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Restoration genomics"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Зміст

Статті в журналах
Дисертації
Книги
Частини книг
Звіти організацій

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Restoration genomics".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Restoration genomics"

van Oppen, Madeleine J. H., and Melinda A. Coleman. "Advancing the protection of marine life through genomics." PLOS Biology 20, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): e3001801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001801.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The rapid growth in genomic techniques provides the potential to transform how we protect, manage, and conserve marine life. Further, solutions to boost the resilience of marine species to climate change and other disturbances that characterize the Anthropocene require transformative approaches, made more effective if guided by genomic data. Although genetic techniques have been employed in marine conservation for decades and the availability of genomic data is rapidly expanding, widespread application still lags behind other data types. This Essay reviews how genetics and genomics have been utilized in management initiatives for ocean conservation and restoration, highlights success stories, and presents a pathway forward to enhance the uptake of genomic data for protecting our oceans.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hodgins, Kathryn A., and Joslin L. Moore. "Adapting to a warming world: Ecological restoration, climate change, and genomics." American Journal of Botany 103, no. 4 (March 28, 2016): 590–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600049.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

SHINZATO, Chuya. "New Approaches for Coral Reef Conservation and Restoration Using Genomics Techniques." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 22, no. 3 (2017): 3_92–3_95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.22.3_92.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Wheeler, Nicholas, and Ronald Sederoff. "Role of genomics in the potential restoration of the American chestnut." Tree Genetics & Genomes 5, no. 1 (October 29, 2008): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0180-y.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Byrne, Margaret. "A molecular journey in conservation genetics." Pacific Conservation Biology 24, no. 3 (2018): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18025.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Genetics, and more recently genomics, has become an integral part of conservation science. From the early days of DNA fingerprinting through development of hybridisation based and polymerase chain reaction based markers, to applications of genomics, genetics has provided many insights to improve management of plants, animals and their ecosystems. I share my journey of discovery in genetics and genomics, and their application in conservation of plants through understanding evolutionary history, population genetics of rare and threatened species, molecular taxonomy, fragmentation and the role of pollen dispersal, restoration in a risk management context, and adaptation to climate change.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Wood, Georgina, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Adriana Vergés, Alexandra H. Campbell, Peter D. Steinberg, and Melinda A. Coleman. "Using genomics to design and evaluate the performance of underwater forest restoration." Journal of Applied Ecology 57, no. 10 (July 23, 2020): 1988–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13707.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Lin, Jiunn-Chang, Tsang-Pai Liu, and Pei-Ming Yang. "CDKN2A-Inactivated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Exhibits Therapeutic Sensitivity to Paclitaxel: A Bioinformatics Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 4019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124019.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The mutation of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) is frequently found in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its prognostic and therapeutic roles in PDAC have not been extensively investigated yet. In this study, we mined and integrated the cancer genomics and chemogenomics data to investigate the roles of CDKN2A genetic alterations in PDAC patients’ prognosis and treatment. We found that functional CDKN2A inactivation caused by mutations and deep deletions predicted poor prognosis in PDAC patients. CDKN2A inactivation was associated with the upregulation of genes related to estrogen response, which can be overcome by CDKN2A restoration. Chemosensitivity profiling of PDAC cell lines and patient-derived organoids found that CDKN2A inactivation was associated with the increased sensitivity to paclitaxel and SN-38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan). However, only paclitaxel can mimic the effect of CDKN2A restoration, and its drug sensitivity was correlated with genes related to estrogen response. Therefore, our study suggested that CDKN2A-inactivated PDAC patients could benefit from the precision treatment with paclitaxel, whose albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation (nab-paclitaxel) has been approved for treating PDAC.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Meyer, Mary Hockenberry, Stan Hokanson, Susan Galatowitsch, and James Luby. "Public Gardens: Fulfilling the University's Research Mission." HortTechnology 20, no. 3 (June 2010): 522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.20.3.522.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Research at botanic gardens, from medieval times to the present day, has evolved to encompass a wide range of topics. The Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, part of the University of Minnesota, is an example of a diverse, successful research program within a public university garden setting. Collaboration, mission, organization, and publications are keys to a successful research program. Future research for public gardens, including putting collections to work for conservation, understanding global change, ecological genomics, restoration ecology, seed banking, and citizen science are collaborative ideas for all botanic gardens to consider. Research can strengthen the botanic garden's role by providing public value while improving ties to the university.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Shryock, Daniel F., Caroline A. Havrilla, Lesley A. DeFalco, Todd C. Esque, Nathan A. Custer, and Troy E. Wood. "Landscape genomics of Sphaeralcea ambigua in the Mojave Desert: a multivariate, spatially-explicit approach to guide ecological restoration." Conservation Genetics 16, no. 6 (June 18, 2015): 1303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-015-0741-1.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Weiman, Shannon, Samantha Joye, Joel Kostka, Kenneth Halanych, and Rita Colwell. "GoMRI Insights into Microbial Genomics and Hydrocarbon Bioremediation Response in Marine Ecosystems." Oceanography 34, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.121.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill represents one of the most damaging environmental catastrophes of our generation. It contaminated vast areas of the open ocean, the deep sea, and the shoreline of the Gulf region and disrupted its ecosystems, with both residual and long-term impacts. At the core of all of these ecosystems are microbial communities that perform essential biogeochemical processes and ecosystem services such as carbon and nutrient cycling. Despite their importance, relatively little was known about marine microbes that degrade hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Mexico prior to the Deepwater Horizon spill, nor the effect of hydrocarbons on the microbiology of the Gulf region. Research carried out through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) revealed cooperative microbial communities operating at the heart of bioremediation services with highly adaptive and complex dynamics. In addition, these efforts established new methods for assessing and monitoring ecosystem health, whereby microbial population genetics can serve as indicators of biogeochemical disruptions and/or restoration status in marine and coastal environments. Although much research is still needed to fully understand and engage microbially mediated bioremediation services, GoMRI constructed a strong foundation of methods, discoveries, and overarching principles to build upon. These insights and tools will help scientists better prepare for, and respond to, future environmental catastrophes, from oil tanker spills to long-term disruptions of climate change.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Restoration genomics"

Zimmerman, Rachel. "Genomic Analysis of Acropora cervicornis Mucus and Sediments in the Florida Keys Tavernier Nursery." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/482.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

White Band disease has devastated the staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis in recent decades, and it continues to impinge upon restoration efforts. The etiological agent(s) remain unknown as Koch’s postulates have yet to be satisfied, but disease may originate when opportunistic pathogens in the surface mucus layer exploit a stressed host. Using 16s rRNA sequencing, differences in the taxonomic diversity and relative abundances of bacteria within the mucus of A. cervicornis were documented between colonies of the same genotype, genotypes (n=8) categorized as having either high or low WBD susceptibility, and during a transplantation event. A. cervicornis colonies suspended from midwater PVC trees via monofilament were sampled for mucus, after which half of the sampled colonies were relocated to the unconsolidated sediments below. Temporal changes in the microbiome of the pelagic and benthic corals were then monitored by sampling the same apical tip over time. Incidentally, all benthic colonies for this experiment became afflicted with WBD; thereby differences in healthy vs. diseased colonies and the effects of disease progression on the microbiome were documented. Water was sampled concurrently with all mucus experiments to resolve the degree of commonality in bacterial species between the two environments, and sediments were sampled in the transplant experiment to determine if sediments may act as a pathogen reservoir. In addition, sediment samples were collected to assess site and temporal differences in the benthic microbiome along a nearshore to offshore transect off Key Largo, Florida. Irrespective of the inclusion of water operational taxonomic units (OTUs), no differences between colonies of the same genotype were observed with regards to the bacterial communities sampled from mucus in either alpha diversity metrics [species richness, Shannon, Inverse Simpson] or phylogenetic relatedness as determined by weighted unique fraction (UniFrac) were detected between colonies. However, differences were observed in the Bray-Curtis dissimiliarity matrices based on relative abundance and presence/absence of either [with and without water OTU] scenarios. Bacterial communities associated with different coral genotypes differed in species richness and Inverse Simpson in both water scenarios, as did weighted UniFrac and Bray-Curtis relative abundance and presence/absence transformed dissimilarity matrices. Alpha diversity of mucus bacteria was similar between corals of different disease-susceptibilities when water OTUs were either included or excluded, except for the Inverse Simpson index upon removal of water OTUs. Removal of aqueous bacteria also revealed significant differences between disease-susceptibility groups in Bray-Curtis relative abundance and presence/absence dissimiliarity values that was not detected with the incorporation of water OTUs. Regardless of the presence of water OTUs, weighted UniFrac was similar between corals of different disease susceptibilities. Most notably, dispersion increased in the microbiome of coral genotypes with high disease susceptibility in all cases except for the relative abundance transformed Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix when water OTUs were incorporated. This finding is in accordance with the Anna Karenina Principle, which states that loss of microbial regulation leads to an unpredictable microbiome in diseased individuals. In the sediment experiment, location was the only factor influencing microbiome composition. These findings may be due to the short duration of the experiment and differences between the carbonate content of the sediments and hydrological regimes between sites.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Gellie, Nicholas James Court. "Best practice restoration: building the evidence-base for restoring eucalypt woodlands of Southern Australia." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119640.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Approximately a third of the Earth’s surface is degraded. The enormous scale of degradation has stimulated multilateral agreements with ambitious restoration targets (e.g. The Bonn Challenge aspires to restore 350 million ha by 2030). Humankind has greater awareness than ever before of the factors contributing to landscape degradation, and has developed sophisticated practices to assist in its repair. The principal management intervention used to combat the biodiversity declines associated with land degradation is restoration. However, unprecedented environmental challenges from climate change, rapid biodiversity loss, and human population pressures add to the complexity of achieving sustainable restoration outcomes. There are valid concerns that sub-optimal restoration interventions are jeopardizing outcomes, which brings into question our capacity to reach global targets. To establish a strategic approach for improving restoration practice and to promote resilient outcomes, I reviewed current restoration practices and found that the management of plant genetic resources and inconsistent monitoring of projects are key impediments to optimal restoration outcomes. I found a suitable mechanism for investigating these knowledge gaps, through embedded experiments, and subsequently established them in restoration projects. I addressed the plant genetic resource knowledge gaps by testing in situ the relationship between plant fitness and seed origin for six Myrtaceae species. I investigated plant fitness in three empirical studies that included five common garden experiments, from provenances spanning 2.5 degrees of latitude (ca. 460 km) in southern Australian eucalypt woodlands, and found sub-optimal plant performance was common. Furthermore, signals of maladaptation occurred in two of my three empirical studies. I determined that the Myrtaceae species I studied persisted in a range of climatic conditions by combining specific adaptations to aridity and acclimating to new environmental conditions via phenotypic plasticity. I confirmed that this response was strongly directional (e.g. arid to mesic), and the genetic diversity harboured in non-local provenances could be harnessed to counteract plant fitness concerns (e.g. adaptation lags due to climate or lack of connectivity due habitat fragmentation), and ultimately help to achieve more sustainable outcomes. I then explored the utility of high throughput 16S amplicon sequencing (e.g. metabarcoding soil eDNA) as an assessment tool to assist in monitoring restoration performance. I used metabarcoding of soil eDNA to assess a chronosequence of restoration and found that the process of restoration (i.e. revegetation of the native plant community) strongly impacted soil bacteria, an important functional component of the ecosystem. I observed dramatic changes of the bacterial community after eight years of revegetation, where the bacterial communities in younger sites were more similar to cleared degraded land and older restoration sites were more similar to remnant native stands. This work has identified evidence of community flux and functional recovery following restoration that would remain unrecognised through orthodox monitoring. The synthesis of this work supports the use of evidence-based approaches to iteratively improve restoration practices. Science-practice synergies will come from harvesting the knowledge of these approaches and networking the results more broadly is the most efficient mechanism to achieve best-practice restoration and resilient project outcomes.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biololgical Sciences, 2018

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Khalid, Aaron Munir. "An assessment of genomic sequence restoration in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4621.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A fundamental tenet of classical Mendelian genetics is that allelic information is stably transmitted from parent to progeny. Work in our laboratory has revealed a novel exception to this law where Arabidopsis thaliana plants homozygous for the recessive organ-fusion mutation hothead (hth) gave rise to phenotypically and genotypically wild-type (HTH) progeny at high frequencies. We have coined the term restoration to describe this phenomenon, since the reverted HTH allele was not detectable in the parental genome but was present in a recent ancestor (the grandparent). Recent work in our laboratory has demonstrated that 45-94 bp insertions and deletions (indels) can also restore, irrespective of their genomic location. The work described in this thesis expands our understanding of restoration by characterizing previously identified non-parental loci at the molecular level, and monitoring the inheritance of native and transgenic alleles in hth mutant and wild-type genetic backgrounds. Two ??? eight hundred bp genomic intervals containing non-parental loci were cloned and sequenced. This revealed that the tracts of sequence which had been reinstated were identical in phase and sequence composition to the corresponding grandparental sequences. Furthermore, molecular markers flanking non-parental loci were profiled across 80-90 kb chromosomal regions. In all cases, the flanking markers reverted concurrently, suggesting that restoration can affect comparatively large genomic regions. However, it is not clear if flanking markers revert as a result of multiple independent events or, alternatively, are the result of one continuous restoration event. A number of individuals studied in this thesis are genetic mosaics, wherein the restoration events are localized within a single individual. Genetic mosaicism cannot be attributed to pollen contamination, and provides the strongest evidence to-date that restoration is a genuine and novel biological phenomenon. The inheritance of a transgenic allele and two native alleles was monitored in pedigrees compromising a number of distinct ancestries in hth-4, hth-8, and wild-type genetic backgrounds. Although none of the F3 progeny exhibited atypical segregation of the investigated alleles, molecular screening may have revealed localized (mosaic) restoration of the transgenic marker. However, these results remain inconclusive based on results obtained in a negative control experiment. Several significant conclusions can be derived from the work described in this thesis: (1) Restoration is a highly specific template-directed process. The template is likely of ancestral origin, although the nature of the template and the precise mechanism of restoration remain unclear. (2) Restoration frequently gives rise to individuals that are genetic mosaics, a finding that cannot be attributed to outcrossing. (3) Restored sequences are more readily identified by molecular genotyping than phenotypic screening. Possible mechanisms and recommended future studies are discussed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Книги з теми "Restoration genomics"

How to clone a mammoth: The science of de-extinction. Princeton University Press, 2015.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Частини книг з теми "Restoration genomics"

Hogg, Ian D., Jonathan C. Banks, and Steve M. Woods. "Biodiversity Genomics: Monitoring Restoration Efforts Using DNA Barcoding and Environmental DNA." In Lake Restoration Handbook, 395–417. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93043-5_12.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Melonek, Joanna, Viktor Korzun, and Bernd Hackauf. "Genomics of Self-Incompatibility and Male-Fertility Restoration in Rye." In Compendium of Plant Genomes, 181–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83383-1_10.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Allendorf, Fred W., W. Chris Funk, Sally N. Aitken, Margaret Byrne, and Gordon Luikart. "Conservation Breeding and Restoration." In Conservation and the Genomics of Populations, 487–511. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856566.003.0021.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Captive breeding represents the last chance of survival for many species faced with imminent extinction in the wild. Captive breeding should be used sparingly because it is sometimes ineffective, and it can harm wild populations both indirectly and directly if not done correctly. There are a variety of crucial genetic issues to be considered in the founding of captive populations: How many individuals? Which source population(s)? A primary genetic goal of captive breeding programs is to minimize genetic change in captivity due to genetic drift and selection because genetic changes in captive populations can reduce the ability of captive individuals to reproduce and survive when returned to the wild. A variety of potentially valuable technologies (e.g., cloning, CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated system), gene drives, etc.) are now available that have the potential to be valuable tools in conservation.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

"CPR (cell cycle progression restoration)." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 434. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_3760.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

"Application of Genomic Technologies to Ecological Risk Assessment at Remediation and Restoration Sites." In Genomics in Regulatory Ecotoxicology, 151–78. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420066838-15.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

van Aerle, Ronny, Bruce Greenberg, Clive Evans, Donald Versteeg, Peter Kille, Elizabeth Ferguson, Mark Sprenger, Anton Schaeffner, and Ann Miracle. "Application Of Genomic Technologies To Ecological Risk Assessment At Remediation And Restoration Sites." In Genomics in Regulatory Ecotoxicology, 123–50. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420066838.ch6.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Thiago Andrade Moreira, Ícaro, Célia Karina Maia Cardoso, Evelin Daiane Serafim Santos Franco, Isadora Machado Marques, Gisele Mara Hadlich, Antônio Fernando de Souza Queiroz, Ana Katerine de Carvalho Lima Lobato, and Olívia Maria Cordeiro de Oliveira. "Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration after Oil Spill: Bioremediation, Phytoremediation, Biofibers and Phycoremediation." In Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95342.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Environmental accidents involving spills of oil and its derivatives in mangroves present themselves as difficult problems to be solved in the short term, as for example in the construction of emergency strategies to combat the arrival of oil stains and fragments. Petroleum its derivatives and the residues generated in this chain, have a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and are considered dangerous substances. This mixture is difficult to degrade and can cause multiple problems in the ecosystem. Our developed biofiber barrier removes oil more than five times in relation to its mass in a simple way and in a short time. However when the spilled oil reaches the mangroves, other biotechnologies were developed and applied such as phytoremediation (87% efficiency), the use of microalgae (94% efficiency) and the use of fungi and bacteria (70% efficiency). This chapter will present biotechnologies developed, patented and applied in cases of oil spills in tropical mangrove of Brazil. These generated biotechnologies have been applied together with civil society in tropical ecosystems that were hit by the Venezuelan oil spill in 2019. The use of advanced molecular biology (studies of genomics, transcriptome, proteomics and metabolomics) in the biotechnologies presented has shown a promising path to faster, viable economically and ecologically correct mangrove restoration.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Allendorf, Fred W., W. Chris Funk, Sally N. Aitken, Margaret Byrne, and Gordon Luikart. "Phenotypic Variation in Natural Populations." In Conservation and the Genomics of Populations, 19–38. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856566.003.0002.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Genetics is the study of the inheritance of differences among individuals. Genomic approaches now make it possible to better understand the genetic basis and adaptive significance of phenotypic differences among individuals. Population-level differences in disease resistance will have important implications for population persistence in the face of emergent infectious diseases. In addition, understanding the genomic basis for that phenotype will be crucial for conservation efforts such as genetically informed breeding for reintroductions, genetic rescue of infected populations, and population restoration following declines. Most phenotypic differences between individuals within populations have both genetic and environmental causes. Raising individuals from different populations in the same environmental conditions can be used to test if there is a genetic component to phenotypic differences among populations. Understanding and maintaining phenotypic differences between individuals within populations and between populations can play a crucial role in conservation.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

"7. Genetic Data and the Interpretation of Restoration Priorities of the Cicindela dorsalis Say Complex (Coleoptera: Carabidae):." In Conservation Genetics in the Age of Genomics, 96–105. Columbia University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/amat12832-012.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

"Soil Remediation and Ecological Restoration from Heavy Metal Pollution and Radioactive Waste Materials using Fungal Genetic and Genomic Resources." In Environmental Biotechnology, 349–84. 1st ed. | Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2015. |: Apple Academic Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315366289-21.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "Restoration genomics"

Rajarajan, Kunasekaran, Alka Bharati, Hirdayesh Anuragi, Arun Kumar Handa, Kishor Gaikwad, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kamal Prasad Mohapatra, et al. Status of perennial tree germplasm resources in India and their utilization in the context of global genome sequencing efforts. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20050.pdf.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Tree species are characterized by their perennial growth habit, woody morphology, long juvenile period phase, mostly outcrossing behaviour, highly heterozygosity genetic makeup, and relatively high genetic diversity. The economically important trees have been an integral part of the human life system due to their provision of timber, fruit, fodder, and medicinal and/or health benefits. Despite its widespread application in agriculture, industrial and medicinal values, the molecular aspects of key economic traits of many tree species remain largely unexplored. Over the past two decades, research on forest tree genomics has generally lagged behind that of other agronomic crops. Genomic research on trees is motivated by the need to support genetic improvement programmes mostly for food trees and timber, and develop diagnostic tools to assist in recommendation for optimum conservation, restoration and management of natural populations. Research on long-lived woody perennials is extending our molecular knowledge and understanding of complex life histories and adaptations to the environment, enriching a field that has traditionally drawn its biological inference from a few short-lived herbaceous species. These concerns have fostered research aimed at deciphering the genomic basis of complex traits that are related to the adaptive value of trees. This review summarizes the highlights of tree genomics and offers some priorities for accelerating progress in the next decade.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ostersetzer-Biran, Oren, and Jeffrey Mower. Novel strategies to induce male sterility and restore fertility in Brassicaceae crops. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604267.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Mitochondria are the site of respiration and numerous other metabolic processes required for plant growth and development. Increased demands for metabolic energy are observed during different stages in the plants life cycle, but are particularly ample during germination and reproductive organ development. These activities are dependent upon the tight regulation of the expression and accumulation of various organellar proteins. Plant mitochondria contain their own genomes (mtDNA), which encode for rRNAs, tRNAs and some mitochondrial proteins. Although all mitochondria have probably evolved from a common alpha-proteobacterial ancestor, notable genomic reorganizations have occurred in the mtDNAs of different eukaryotic lineages. Plant mtDNAs are notably larger and more variable in size (ranging from 70~11,000 kbp in size) than the mrDNAs in higher animals (16~19 kbp). Another unique feature of plant mitochondria includes the presence of both circular and linear DNA fragments, which undergo intra- and intermolecular recombination. DNA-seq data indicate that such recombination events result with diverged mitochondrial genome configurations, even within a single plant species. One common plant phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtDNA configuration is cytoplasmic male sterility CMS (i.e. reduced production of functional pollen). The maternally-inherited male sterility phenotype is highly valuable agriculturally. CMS forces the production of F1 hybrids, particularly in predominantly self-pollinating crops, resulting in enhanced crop growth and productivity through heterosis (i.e. hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement). CMS lines have been implemented in some cereal and vegetables, but most crops still lack a CMS system. This work focuses on the analysis of the molecular basis of CMS. We also aim to induce nuclear or organellar induced male-sterility in plants, and to develop a novel approach for fertility restoration. Our work focuses on Brassicaceae, a large family of flowering plants that includes Arabidopsis thaliana, a key model organism in plant sciences, as well as many crops of major economic importance (e.g., broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and various seeds for oil production). In spite of the genomic rearrangements in the mtDNAs of plants, the number of genes and the coding sequences are conserved among different mtDNAs in angiosperms (i.e. ~60 genes encoding different tRNAs, rRNAs, ribosomal proteins and subunits of the respiratory system). Yet, in addition to the known genes, plant mtDNAs also harbor numerous ORFs, most of which are not conserved among species and are currently of unknown function. Remarkably, and relevant to our study, CMS in plants is primarily associated with the expression of novel chimericORFs, which likely derive from recombination events within the mtDNAs. Whereas the CMS loci are localized to the mtDNAs, the factors that restore fertility (Rfs) are identified as nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins. Interestingly, nearly all of the Rf’s are identified as pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, a large family of modular RNA-binding proteins that mediate several aspects of gene expression primarily in plant organelles. In this project we proposed to develop a system to test the ability of mtORFs in plants, which are closely related to known CMS factors. We will induce male fertility in various species of Brassicaceae, and test whether a down-relation in the expression of the recombinantCMS-genes restores fertility, using synthetically designed PPR proteins.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Izhar, Shamay, Maureen Hanson, and Nurit Firon. Expression of the Mitochondrial Locus Associated with Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Petunia. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7604933.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The main goal of the proposed research was to continue the mutual investigations into the molecular basis of CMS and male fertility restoration [MRF], with the ultimate goal of understanding these phenomena in higher plants. The experiments focused on: (1) dissecting apart the complex CMS - specific mitochondrial S-Pcf locus, in order to distinguish its essential parts which cause sterility from other parts and study its molecular evolution. (2) Studying the expression of the various regions of the S-Pcf locus in fertile and sterile lines and comparing the structure and ultrastructure of sterile and fertile tissues. (3) Determine whether alteration in respiration is genetically associated with CMS. Our mutual investigations further substantiated the association between the S-Pcf locus and CMS by the findings that the fertile phenotype of a population of unstable petunia somatic hybrids which contain the S-Pcf locus, is due to the presence of multiple muclear fertility restoration genes in this group of progenies. The information obtained by our studies indicate that homologous recombination played a major role in the molecular evolution of the S-Pcf locus and the CMS trait and in the generation of mitochondrial mutations in general. Our data suggest that the CMS cytoplasm evolved by introduction of a urs-s containing sublimon into the main mitochondrial genome via homologous recombination. We have also found that the first mutation detected so far in S-Pcf is a consequence of a homologous recombination mechanism involving part of the cox2 coding sequence. In all the cases studied by us, at the molecular level, we found that fusion of two different cells caused mitochondrial DNA recombination followed by sorting out of a specific mtDNA population or sequences. This sequence of events suggested as a mechanism for the generation of novel mitochondrial genomes and the creation of new traits. The present research also provides data concerning the expression of the recombined and complex CMS-specific S-Pcf locus as compared with the expression of additional mitochondrial proteins as well as comparative histological and ultrastructural studies of CMS and fertile Petunia. Evidence is provided for differential localization of mitochondrially encoded proteins in situ at the tissue level. The similar localization patterns of Pcf and atpA may indicate that Pcf product could interfere with the functioning of the mitochondrial ATPase in a tissue undergoing meiosis and microsporogenesis. Studies of respiration in CMS and fertile Petunia lines indicate that they differe in the partitioning of electron transport through the cytochrome oxidase and alternative oxidase pathways. The data indicate that the electron flux through the two oxidase pathways differs between mitochondria from fertile and sterile Petunia lines at certain redox states of the ubiquinone pool. In summary, extensive data concerning the CMS-specific S-Pcf locus of Petunia at the DNA and protein levels as well as information concerning different biochemical activity in CMS as compared to male fertile lines have been accumulated during the three years of this project. In addition, the involvement of the homologous recombination mechanism in the evolution of mt encoded traits is emphasized.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ми пропонуємо знижки на всі преміум-плани для авторів, чиї праці увійшли до тематичних добірок літератури. Зв'яжіться з нами, щоб отримати унікальний промокод!