Готові списки джерел за темами / Respiratory and olfactory disorder

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Min, Hyun Jin. "Pharmacologic therapy of olfaction disroders induced by COVID-19 upper respiratory infection." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.9.561.

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Postviral olfactory disorder refers to the sensorineural olfactory loss caused by upper respiratory tract infections. With the increasing awareness of olfactory or gustatory dysfunction as a potential early symptom of coronavirus disease 2019, postviral olfactory disorder has been attracting much attention. Postviral olfactory disorder is the most common type of olfactory disorder, especially among women aged over 50 years. Systemic or topical corticosteroids have commonly been used for treating this disorder, but the mechanism of corticosteroid action is unclear. Other medical treatment options such as alpha-lipoic acids and caroverine that stimulate nerve growth factor expression or prevent glutamatergic neurotoxicity have also been used. Although these drugs have been found to be useful in the treatment of postviral olfactory disorder in previous studies, the efficacy has not been statistically proven through a meta-analysis. Recently, olfactory training has been introduced in the treatment strategy for postviral olfactory disorder. It is a safe option without side effects that can be used for treating olfactory disorders caused by upper respiratory tract infections. Further rigorous studies are needed to determine the efficacy of the combination of drug treatment and olfactory training.

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Harju, Teemu, Markus Rautiainen, and Ilkka Kivekäs. "Significance of Imaging in the Diagnosis of Olfactory Disorder." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 96, no. 2 (February 2017): E13—E17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556131709600213.

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The aim of this retrospective analysis was to examine olfactory disorders among the patients in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic of Tampere University Hospital, Finland, from 2001 to 2011, and to evaluate the necessity of imaging in the examination of patients with olfactory disorders. Charts of 143 consecutive patients with a primary olfactory disorder were examined, and 69 patients who had undergone the necessary testing were included in the study. The most common causes of olfactory disorder were upper respiratory infection (23%), chronic rhinosinusitis (19%), head trauma (17%), and allergic or nonallergic rhinitis (6%). In 25% of the patients, no obvious cause for the symptoms was found. Computed tomography (CT) scans were normal in 37 of 52 (71%) patients and magnetic resonance imaging was normal in 21 of 25 (84%) patients. No intracranial or intranasal tumors were found in the overall cohort. Of the patients with additional symptoms (facial pain, headache, nasal discharge, or stuffiness), 58% had chronic rhinosinusitis. Of the patients with no additional symptoms or signs associated with chronic rhinosinusitis on clinical evaluation, only 2% had chronic rhinosinusitis on imaging. Only the detection of chronic rhinosinusitis and head trauma had clinical value in the determination of the etiology. A sinonasal CT scan should be considered in patients who have at least one symptom associated with sinusitis in addition to an olfactory disorder to confirm the etiology and to find those patients who may benefit from medical therapy or surgical treatment.

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Jung, Hwae-Joon, and Heung-Man Lee. "Contemporary Review of Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19." Journal of Rhinology 28, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18787/jr.2020.00346.

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The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an extreme threat to international health care, resulting in more than two million deaths. Data reveal that olfactory disorder is a characteristic symptom of COVID-19 and has unique clinical manifestations. The olfactory dysfunction induced by COVID-19 has sudden onset, short duration, and rapid recovery, with anosmia often the only symptom. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects the human body by binding to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) of the olfactory epithelium. However, the etiology of COVID-19-induced olfactory dysfunction is unclear. In many countries, vaccines for COVID-19 in human are beginning to be administered. Conventional conservative treatments are common for olfactory disorders caused by COVID-19. Rhinologists should be aware of olfactory dysfunction to avoid delayed diagnosis of COVID-19. The article reviews the latest scientific evidence of anosmia in COVID-19.

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Avrunin, Oleg, Yana Nosova, Sergii Zlepko, Ibrahim Younouss Abdelhamid, and Nataliia Shushliapina. "ASSESSMENT OF THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE METHOD OF COMPUTER OLFACTOMETRY." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 9, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.236.

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Olfactory studies can be a criterion for evaluating rhinosurgical intervention, and olfactory impairment may indicate respiratory impairment. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop an integrated approach to determining respiratory and olfactory disorders. A structural scheme was developed for the method of objective diagnosis of respiratory and olfactory disorders, taking into account the measu, rement of both the aerodynamic parameters of nasal breathing and the calculation of energy characteristics, which are used to determine olfactory sensitivity. The diagnostic significance of the proposed method of analyzing rhinofolipometry data with regard to additional parameters was assessed - it is necessary to take into account the time and power of breathing when the threshold of sensation of the odorivector is at the transition point of the airflow mode to the turbulent quadratic. It has been established that it is advisable to use the energy criteria of nasal breathing, pneumatic power and energy of nasal breathing under the action of the corresponding odor vector for the assessment of respiratory impaired olfactory. To assess the respiratory impairment of olfactory, it is necessary to use the method in which an odor vector is installed in the air path of the rhinomanometer, and the patient is asked to perform breathing maneuvers with a consistent increase in respiration rate while fixing the time at which olfactory sensitivity is achieved and then determining the respiratory energy characteristics. A statistical processing of diagnostic results was carried out, which confirms the adequacy of the model of independent statistical verification and makes it possible to use this method for the functional diagnosis of respiratory-olfactory disorders and testing of respiratory-olfactory sensitivity. The probability index of the error of the second kind is 0.17.

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Archer, Sanford M. "The Evaluation and Management of Olfactory Disorder Following Upper Respiratory Tract Infection." Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 126, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.126.6.800.

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Pan, Xiaodan, Yuan Zhang, Chengshuo Wang, and Luo Zhang. "Evaluation of nasal symptoms to distinguish eosinophilic from noneosinophilic nasal polyps based on peripheral blood." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 42, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/aap.2021.42.210004.

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Background: Patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) have poorer outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery and a higher recurrence rate. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the profile of clinical symptoms of eCRSwNP and the related risk factors. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 298 inpatients with CRSwNP from February 2019 to December 2019. The patients were divided into eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups based on the percentage of blood eosinophils; the cutoff value was set at 3.05%. Clinical data on questionnaires, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and laboratory tests were collected. The differences in clinical symptoms, including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, olfactory disorders, and head and/or facial pain, between the two groups were analyzed to identify the influential factors. Logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the diagnostic benefit for the specific symptom in the patients in the eCRSwNP group. Results: Nasal congestion and olfactory disorders were significantly different between the eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups. The patients in the eCRSwNP group more frequently had concerns about olfactory disorders (p = 0.002), whereas patients in the non-eCRSwNP group mostly had nasal congestion (p = 0.001). The logistic analysis showed that the primary risk factors for olfactory disorders of eCRSwNP were disease duration (p = 0.014) and alcohol intake (p = 0.012). Olfactory disorders were not associated with the disease course of the eCRSwNP group but were correlated with the disease duration of non-eCRSwNP (p = 0.008). A VAS score for the olfactory disorders of >5.75 could be used to predict the diagnosis of eCRSwNP (area under the curve, 0.674 [95% confidence intervals, 0.559‐0.689]; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Olfactory disorder might be the major nasal symptom that could be used to distinguish a peripheral eosinophilia‐based definition of eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP. The disease duration was a limiting factor for using olfactory to distinguish two subgroups of nasal polyp. The investigation with regard to the accurate time boundary should be further addressed.

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Fernandez, I. J., G. Molinari, G. Federici, M. Silvestri, E. De Corso, L. Presutti, M. Alicandri-Ciufelli, and D. Lucidi. "Delayed recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 related anosmia predicts incomplete olfactory restoration." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 136, no. 3 (December 13, 2021): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215121004047.

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AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the olfactory recovery rates and patterns in a cohort of coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients, and to investigate the clinical predictors of poor long-term olfactory restoration.MethodsAn observational retrospective study was conducted on 146 patients between September 2020 and January 2021 at a tertiary referral hospital. Coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients with olfactory dysfunction were sent a modified version of the COVID-19 Anosmia Reporting Tool for Clinicians via e-mail.ResultsThe difference in median recovery time between complete recovery and incomplete or no recovery was statistically significant. On multivariate analysis, the only significant factor associated with incomplete or no recovery was anosmia duration.ConclusionAfter a mean time of 5.6 months from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection, persistent olfactory disorders were self-reported in 36.7 per cent of patients. Complete recovery was more likely to occur within 15 days. Given the high prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019, a large number of patients are expected to suffer from long-term olfactory morbidity.

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Daikhes, N. A., V. V. Vinogradov, S. S. Reshul’skii, M. L. Isaeva, E. B. Fedorova, A. M. Khabazova, E. V. Osipenko, et al. "Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients after total laryngectomy: major developmental milestones." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 21, no. 1 (2022): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2022-1-93-104.

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Laryngectomy is a common treatment of locoregionally advanced (stage III and IV) laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Surgical treatment causes both vital (breathing, swallowing) and communicative (voice, smell) functions disorder. The degree of recovery of these functions affects the patient’s quality of life, the return to work, and the ability to be an active member of society. The most important role for psychosocial adaptation is played by the restoration of voice function. However, it is not the only direction in the rehabilitation of laryngectomized patients. Correction of the respiratory, swallowing, and olfactory disorders is also important and requires a multidisciplinary team of specialists. The article provides an overview of main methods of restoring lost functions after laryngectomy in historical retrospective.

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Rapiejko, Piotr. "Sense of smell disorders in family physician practice." Alergoprofil 17, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ap.172260521.

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A properly functioning sense of smell recognizes both food and danger and provides sensory input. Sense of smell is lost and/or impaired in diseases accompanied by impaired nasal patency such as chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, respiratory infections including acute rhinosinusitis. In the case of rhinosinusitis in adults, olfactory impairment is one of the four main symptoms of the disease. They can also be caused by damage to the olfactory neuron, e.g. in the course of a viral infection. Loss of smell and/or taste reported by patients with COVID-19 may be a diagnostic hint. Modern intranasal glucocorticosteroids are used to treat olfactory disturbances and loss of smell caused by nasal patency impairment (or accompanying diseases with nasal patency impairment).

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Yoo, Shin Hyuk, Hae-Won Kim, and Jun Hee Lee. "Restoration of olfactory dysfunctions by nanomaterials and stem cells-based therapies: Current status and future perspectives." Journal of Tissue Engineering 13 (January 2022): 204173142210834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20417314221083414.

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Dysfunction in the olfactory system of a person can have adverse effects on their health and quality of life. It can even increase mortality among individuals. Olfactory dysfunction is related to many factors, including post-viral upper respiratory infection, head trauma, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although some clinical therapies such as steroids and olfactory training are already available, their effectiveness is limited and controversial. Recent research in the field of therapeutic nanoparticles and stem cells has shown the regeneration of dysfunctional olfactory systems. Thus, we are motivated to highlight these regenerative approaches. For this, we first introduce the anatomical characteristics of the olfactory pathway, then detail various pathological factors related to olfactory dysfunctions and current treatments, and then finally discuss the recent regenerative endeavors, with particular focus on nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems and stem cells. This review offers insights into the development of future therapeutic approaches to restore and regenerate dysfunctional olfactory systems.

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Дисертації з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Носова, Яна Віталіївна. "Методи та засоби визначення респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень". Thesis, Харківський національний університет радіоелектроніки, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/39479.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.11.17 – біологічні та медичні прилади і системи. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2019. За відсутності сучасних доказових методів ольфактометрії доцільно розробляти методи та засоби респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень. У дисертаційній роботі подано розв'язання конкретного наукового завдання – розробка методів та засобів об'єктивного визначення респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень. На основі дослідження аеродинаміки носа на мікрорівні розроблено метод визначення ламінарного пограничного шару повітряного потоку у верхніх дихальних шляхах, що дозволяє за рахунок дослідження товщини пристінкової течії повітря відносно нерівномірності оболонки визначати патологічні ділянки носової порожнини за різних режимів дихання. Розроблено метод та засіб об'єктивної діагностики респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень, які дозволяють за рахунок визначення енергетичних характеристик носового дихання під час дії різних одорівекторів визначати на доказовому рівні відповідні пороги ольфакторної чутливості. Удосконалено метод визначення порогу ольфакторної чутливості, що дозволяє за рахунок аналізу форми циклограми носового дихання підвищити об'єктивність діагностики порушень нюхової чутливості або респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень.
The thesis of competition for the scientific degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences on specialty 05.11.17 – Biological and Medical Devices and Systems. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2019. In the absence of modern evidence-based methods of olfactometry, it is advisable to develop methods and means of respiratory and olfactory disorders. The dissertation is devoted to the solution of a specific scientific problem - the development of methods and means for the objective determination of respiratory and olfactory disorders. Based on the study of the aerodynamics of the nose at the micro level a method has been developed for determining the laminar boundary layer of the air flow in the upper respiratory tract, which makes it possible, by studying the thickness of the near-wall air flow relative to the unevenness of the mucous membrane, to determine the pathological regions of the nasal cavity in different breathing patterns. A method and means for objective diagnosis of respiratory and olfactory disorders have been developed, which allow, by determining the energy characteristics of nasal breathing under the action of various odorivectors, to determine the corresponding thresholds of olfactory sensitivity at an evidence-based level. The improved method for determining the threshold of olfactory sensitivity allows to increase the objectivity of diagnosing olfactory sensitivity disorders or respiratory olfactory disorders by analyzing the shape of the cycloramas of nasal breathing.

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Носова, Яна Віталіївна. "Методи та засоби визначення респіраторно-ольфакторних порушень". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/39477.

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Al, Bakri Wisam Saad Hasan. "Characterization of atrazine transport across nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosae." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4559.

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The herbicide atrazine is one of the most commonly used pesticides in United States. Atrazine was banned in the European Union in 2005 because of its ubiquity in drinking water; however, in The United States more than 75 million pounds of atrazine are used annually, especially in the Midwest. Atrazine has many adverse health effects including enhancing developmental, immunologic endocrine alterations. Studies have reported that exposure to atrazine causes dopaminergic toxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction; these cellular changes have been linked to an increase in the incidence of Parkinson's disease. The objective of this study is to characterize atrazine effect on the respiratory and olfactory mucosae with specific attention to the potential for atrazine transfer to the brain via the olfactory system. Uptake of atrazine was investigated across excised nasal mucosal tissues equilibrated in Krebs's buffer (KRB) or in a co-solvent system containing propylene glycol (PG), similar to the commercial herbicide product. Active uptake pathways were probed using 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) as a metabolic inhibitor. Brightfield microscopy was used to assess the effects of ATZ exposure on the tissues. ATZ was found to be transported across the nasal tissues in a manner consistent with passive diffusion, and 2,4-DNP did not reduce the overall uptake of ATZ. Microscopy results showed erosion of the epithelial surface following exposure to ATZ-PG-KRB when compared to control and ATZ -KRB. These results suggest a negative effect of the ATZ co-solvent formulations on nasal tissues with the potential for increased systemic and CNS exposure.

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Zandbergen, Jan. "Respiratory regulation and consequences of CO2 changes in panic disorder." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1992. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5658.

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Kilgour, Joanne Dawn. "Development and validation of an in vitro rat nasal epithelial model for predicting respiratory tract toxicity." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361508.

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Condy, Emma Elizabeth. "Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Restricted Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78124.

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In addition to social communication deficits, restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a key diagnostic feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two theories regarding the etiology of RRBs in ASD have been proposed: the hyper-arousal theory, and the hypo-arousal theory. Both of these theories posit the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as being dysfunctional in ASD, resulting in the occurrence of RRBs. Many studies investigating ANS activity in ASD have focused solely on its relation to social functioning. The few that have addressed RRBs have had inconclusive findings. Not only do the current theories and studies simplify ANS activity to a measure of baseline arousal levels through vague measures such as heart rate (HR) and skin conductance response (SCR), but the literature has also framed the theories as mutually exclusive. This study used respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) patterns in children with and without an ASD diagnosis as an indicator of ANS functioning to analyze its relationship to the manifestation of RRBs. Baseline RSA and RSA reactivity were found to predict RRB severity and exploratory analyses revealed that these measures were associated with specific subgroups of RRBs. These results are discussed in regards to the current behavioral literature on RRBs and the benefits of finding biomarkers for these behaviors.
Master of Science

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Cardinal, Blair Frances. "The use of respiratory biofeedback on anxiety disorder patients with hyperventilation symptoms." Scholarly Commons, 1990. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2809.

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The hyperventilation syndrome refers to a complex variety of symptoms which primarily influence the respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems, and the syndrome is associated with a breathing pattern in excess of the body's demands. Psychologically, these symptoms mimic a panic attack and can cause severe anxiety in the person experiencing them. The present study was an attempt to determine whether respiratory feedback was a beneficial treatment when used to teach breathing retraining to improve the symptoms of hyperventilation in agoraphobic patients. A multiple baseline design across 4 subjects who had been diagnosed as suffering from an anxiety disorder, namely panic attacks, was used to test the experimental hypotheses. Dependent variables measured were respiration rate, respiration mode, heart rate, subjective anxiety, and symptom relief. The results indicated that all of the participants showed improvements on at least one of the physiological variables, but showed no change on one of the two psychological variables used in this study.

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Braithwaite, Emma Annette. "Neural networks for medical condition prediction : an investigation of neonatal respiratory disorder." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12658.

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This thesis investigates how various signal processing techniques can be applied to diagnose problems in the medical domain. In particular it concentrates on breathing problems often experienced by premature babies who undergo artificial respiration. Medical Decision Support is an area of increasing research interest. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a prime example. This thesis describes the investigation of techniques to be used as the core of a decision support device in Edinburgh's NICU. At present physiological signals are taken from the patient and archived, little diagnostic use is made of these signals and no investigation has taken place into their diagnostic relevance. Within the scope of the work an investigation has taken place into the application area and some of its current problems have been identified. From these a physiological problem, respiratory disorder, was identified with characteristics which made it worthy of detailed study: it was extremely common, moreover expert knowledge and data about it already existed. With the current techniques the development of respiratory disorder is often missed or diagnosed too late. Signal processing techniques were evaluated with a view to applying them to predict the onset, or classify the development of, respiratory disorder, and a multi-layer perceptron network was chosen to perform as a classifier in the decision support tool. A number of tests were run which included an investigation of the efficiency of the chosen feature extraction techniques and the diagnostic relevance (with respect to the condition under investigation) of the signals being used to assist in diagnosis. Results show that at present the signals of greatest diagnostic relevance are not always used: a decision support device can be developed using a multi-layer perceptron classifier in combination with other signal processing techniques. The thesis also identifies other techniques where there is potential for improving the decision support tool's predictive and classification ability.

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Gibbs, Rhiannon Ashley. "The Effect of Depersonalization and Derealization Symptoms on Olfaction and Olfactory Hedonics." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1524506888938436.

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Bowers, Arielle. "Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) in Adults with Possible Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Symptoms." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1463509490.

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Книги з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Facial reactions in response to gustatory and olfactory stimuli in healthy adults, patients with eating disorders, and patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Würzburg, Germany: Julius-Maximilians-Universität, 2010.

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BURMER, Karl. Cbd Oil for Asthma: Effective Remedy for Chronic Respiratory Disorder. Independently Published, 2019.

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Hoyles, Rachel K., and Athol U. Wells. Respiratory system. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0020.

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Pulmonary involvement is common in the connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Improved management of systemic disease has led to increasing numbers of surviving patients with clinically significant pulmonary disease. Screening for pulmonary complications highlights the frequency of subclinical involvement. In this chapter, the pulmonary manifestations of the more common CTDs are detailed, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and, more briefly, ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A broad spectrum of pulmonary disorders are seen in association with the CTDs or the drugs used to treat the underlying disorder, including interstitial lung disease, pulmonary infections, airways disease, pulmonary nodules, pleural disease, chest wall pathology and pulmonary vascular disease; the discussion is stratified by pulmonary complication. In many cases, two or more pulmonary manifestations of CTD coexist or there are other concurrent diseases such as asthma and lung cancer, resulting in potentially confusing mixed imaging and pulmonary function abnormalities. This chapter presents a comprehensive approach to the investigation, screening, prognostic evaluation, and treatment decisions in pulmonary disease associated with the CTDs.

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Jou, J. Fay, Lori A. Aronson, and Jacqueline W. Morillo-Delerme. Mitochondrial Disorder for Muscle Biopsy. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199764495.003.0049.

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Mitochondrial disease (mtD) is a genetically, biochemically, and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that arise most commonly from defects in the oxidative phosphorylation or electron transport chain involved in energy metabolism. These patients have an increased risk for cardiac, respiratory, neurologic, and metabolic complications from anesthesia. Consequently, there are several anesthetic considerations for patients with mtD.

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Kreit, John W. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Edited by John W. Kreit. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190670085.003.0012.

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome reviews the definitions, causes, pathophysiology, and management of this relatively common, life-threatening disorder. This chapter describes how to ensure adequate tissue oxygen delivery while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury and provides an in-depth review of how to determine the optimum level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). The first topic addressed is the precipitating factors and pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Next the chapter turns to mechanical ventilation, and covers the subjects of adequate oxygenation, ventilator-induced lung injury, ancillary therapies, ventilatory therapies, and high I:E ventilation. The topics addressed in the area of non-ventilatory therapies include: prone positioning of the patient, neuromuscular blockade, inhaled vasodilators, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

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Phillips, Katharine A. Differentiating Body Dysmorphic Disorder from Normal Appearance Concerns and Other Mental Disorders. Edited by Katharine A. Phillips. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190254131.003.0018.

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This chapter discusses differentiation of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) from disorders that may be misdiagnosed as BDD or that present differential diagnosis challenges: eating disorders, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), excoriation (skin-picking) disorder, illness anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, gender dysphoria, avoidant personality disorder, olfactory reference syndrome, and several other constructs. This chapter also discusses how to differentiate BDD from normal appearance concerns and from problematic preoccupation with obvious physical defects.BDD is commonly misdiagnosed as another mental disorder. Sometimes misdiagnosis occurs because patients are too embarrassed and ashamed to reveal their appearance concerns; in such cases, BDD symptoms that are more readily observable (such as social anxiety) may be assigned an incorrect diagnosis while BDD goes undetected. In other cases, BDD symptoms are recognized but are misdiagnosed as another disorder. BDD must be differentiated from other conditions so appropriate treatment can be instituted.

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Horsley, Alex, Steve Cunningham, and J. Alastair Innes, eds. Cystic Fibrosis (Oxford Respiratory Medicine Library). Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198702948.001.0001.

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Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multi-system disorder, requiring not just respiratory expertise but also management of nutrition, diabetes, musculoskeletal and psychosocial issues. This online resource is a concise companion for all health care professionals who manage patients with CF, and it covers all aspects of care, including both paediatric and adult-specific issues, and summarizes up-to-date literature in a concise and focussed style. There is an emphasis on the practical aspects of management with separate chapters covering the effects of CF in the lung, the microbiology of pulmonary CF, and management of exacerbations. Psychosocial aspects of CF care, end of life care and lung transplantation are also covered, and potential future therapies reviewed. This second edition has been extensively updated to reflect the UK CF Trust Standards of Care, treatment guidelines and Cochrane reviews, and it also includes updates on emerging organisms, an expanded section on physiotherapy, and a new pharmacopeia that covers all common CF medications.

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Langer, Thomas, and Pietro Caironi. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy of respiratory alkalosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0114.

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Respiratory alkalosis is a condition characterized by low partial pressure of carbon dioxide and an associated elevation in arterial pH caused by an imbalance between CO2 production and removal, in favour of the latter. Conditions that cause increased alveolar ventilation, without having a reduction in pH as input stimulus, will cause hypocapnia associated with a variable degree of alkalosis. The major effect of hypocapnia is the increase in pH (alkalosis) and the consequent shift of electrolytes that occurs in relation to it. As a general law, in plasma, anions will increase, while cations will decrease. The acute reduction in ionized calcium, due to the change in extracellular pH, may cause neuromuscular symptoms ranging from paraesthesias, to tetany and seizures. The effect on urine is an increase in urinary strong ion difference/urinary anion gap and a consequent increase in urinary pH. Finally, acute hypocapnic alkalosis causes a constriction of cerebral arteries that can lead to a reduction of cerebral blood flow. The clinical approach to respiratory alkalosis is usually directed toward the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying clinical disorder.

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Hickey, Thomas, and Jessica Feinleib. Pain Management in the Patient with Substance Use Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457006.003.0015.

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Managing pain in the patient with substance use disorder can be challenging. This chapter describes those challenges and provides strategies to address them. Specifically it discusses the prevalence and specific considerations for commonly abused substances, the need for aggressive communication among perioperative clinicians, and a strategy to decrease acute postoperative pain and associated complications using opioid-sparing, multimodal analgesia. It includes a discussion of the concept of equianalgesic opioid doses and management of opioid-related side effects including respiratory depression, with regard to buprenorphine, naltrexone, and methadone. Specific consideration is given to the surgical patient treated with buprenorphine, and a defined clinical plan is outlined.

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Grimaldi, Stephanie J., and Emily R. Stern. Sensory Processing and Intolerance in OCD. Edited by Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0011.

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Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often exhibit abnormal sensitivity to sensory stimuli and a reduced ability to screen out stimuli that most do not find bothersome. This chapter reviews evidence documenting increased sensitivity to external sensory stimuli (auditory, olfactory, tactile) and reduced sensory gating in patients with OCD. In some individuals such sensitivity can present as a primary symptom. Many patients with OCD also experience sensations that appear to be “internally generated,” including not-just-right experiences, incompleteness, and physical urges; this is the focus of the second half of the chapter. These sensations, termed “sensory phenomena,” cause significant distress and impairment in daily functioning and may require different treatments than fear-based obsessions. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of directions for future research that may provide further insight into the nature of sensory symptoms as well as potential treatments.

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Частини книг з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Welge-Lüssen, Antje, and Markus Wolfensberger. "Olfactory Disorders following Upper Respiratory Tract Infections." In Taste and Smell, 125–32. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000093758.

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Morgan, Kevin T., and Jack R. Harkema. "Nonneoplastic Lesions of the Olfactory Mucosa." In Respiratory System, 28–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61042-4_3.

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Atkinson, Rachel, and Christopher Drake. "Diagnosis of Insomnia Disorder." In Respiratory Medicine, 253–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93739-3_12.

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Carlson, Gwendolyn C., Michelle R. Zeidler, and Jennifer L. Martin. "Management of Insomnia Disorder." In Respiratory Medicine, 275–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93739-3_13.

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Zugliani, Morena Mourao, Rafael Christophe R. Freire, and Antonio Egidio Nardi. "Panic Disorder Respiratory Subtype." In Panic Disorder, 127–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12538-1_6.

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Jankowski, Roger. "Olfactory and Respiratory Nasal Fossae." In The Evo-Devo Origin of the Nose, Anterior Skull Base and Midface, 79–87. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0422-4_9.

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Anbar, Ran D., and Howard R. Hall. "What Is a Functional Respiratory Disorder?" In Functional Respiratory Disorders, 3–17. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-857-3_1.

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Biddle, Nola, John Tiller, and Michael Pain. "Panic Disorder and Perception of Added Loads to Breathing." In Respiratory Psychophysiology, 87–91. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10461-1_10.

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Meyers, Dewey G., and Ran D. Anbar. "Functional Aspects of an Organic Respiratory Disorder: Cystic Fibrosis." In Functional Respiratory Disorders, 19–47. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-857-3_2.

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Schenberg, Luiz Carlos. "A Neural Systems Approach to the Study of the Respiratory-Type Panic Disorder." In Panic Disorder, 9–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12538-1_2.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Negoias, S., B. Meves, Y. Zang, A. Haehner, and T. Hummel. "Characteristics of olfactory disorder with and without reported flavor loss." In 100 JAHRE DGHNO-KHC: WO KOMMEN WIR HER? WO STEHEN WIR? WO GEHEN WIR HIN? Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1728857.

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Prashanth, R., S. Dutta Roy, P. K. Mandal, and S. Ghosh. "Parkinson's disease detection using olfactory loss and REM sleep disorder features." In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944937.

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Burrows, Jennifer, and Rebecca Thursfield. "Bronchiolitis obliterans - a review of this rare paediatric respiratory disorder." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1013.

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Mustafaoglu, Rustem, Abdurrahim Yildiz, and Ayşe Nur Bardak. "Does Speech Disorder (Aphasia) Affect Respiratory Muscle Strength in Stroke?" In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa3699.

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Amores, Judith, Javier Hernandez, Artem Dementyev, Xiqing Wang, and Pattie Maes. "BioEssence: A Wearable Olfactory Display that Monitors Cardio-respiratory Information to Support Mental Wellbeing." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513221.

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Memon, Farha, and Soumyo Mukherji. "CNT/CB-PDMS nanocomposite diaphragm pressure sensor for monitoring respiratory disorder." In 2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano.2018.8626357.

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Rajaguru, Harikumar, and R. Karthikamani. "Performance Analysis of Classifiers in Detection of Respiratory Disorder through Capnography." In 2021 Smart Technologies, Communication and Robotics (STCR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stcr51658.2021.9588820.

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Nurani, Puji, and Fahrun Nur Rosyid. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Disorder Syndrome: Literature Review." In International Conference on Health and Well-Being (ICHWB 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.220403.026.

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Mustafaoglu, Rustem, Aslı Görek Dilektaşlı, Rengin Demir, Emrah Zirek, Tansu Birinci, Ebru Kaya Mutlu, Cuneyt Evren, and Arzu Razak Ozdincler. "The Effects of Substance Use Disorder on Respiratory Function Parameters and Functional Capacity in Istanbul." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.1880.

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Wilding, S., A. Woodruff, RL Sheehan, N. Clayton, SM Fakhr, R. Niven, and SJ Fowler. "S108 Respiratory volume tracking and structured light plethysmography in the assessment of breathing pattern disorder." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2018, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 5 to 7 December 2018, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2018-212555.114.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Respiratory and olfactory disorder"

Wang, Xiao, Hong Shen, Yujie Liang, Yixin Wang, Meiqi Zhang, and Hongtao Ma. Effects of physical activity interventions for post-COVID-19 patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0036.

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Review question / Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused a huge impact in many countries and has attracted great attention from countries around the world. However, since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, most attention has focused on containing transmission and addressing the surge of critically ill patients in acute care settings. As we enter the second phase of the pandemic, emphasis must evolve to post care of COVID-19 survivors. A variety of persistent symptoms, such as severe fatigue, shortness of breath, and attention disorder have been reported at several months after the onset of the infection. We urgently need to identify safe and effective COVID-19 rehabilitative strategies. Overwhelming evidence exists that physical activity produces short-, middle- and long-term health benefits that prevent, delay, mitigate and even reverse a large number of metabolic, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical activity interventions for rehabilitation of post-covid-19 patient and provide a reliable method and credible evidence to improve the prognosis of post-COVID-19 patients via systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.

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