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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Basu, Joydeep, and Tarun K. Bhattacharyya. "Microelectromechanical system cantilever-based frequency doublers." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 24, no. 2 (October 9, 2012): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12461695.

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Microelectromechanical system based on-chip resonators offer great potential for high-frequency signal processing circuits such as reference oscillators and filters. This is due to their exceptional features such as small size, large frequency–quality factor product, integrability with CMOS integrated circuits, low power consumption, low-cost batch fabrication, and so on. A capacitively transduced cantilever beam resonator is one such popular microelectromechanical resonator topology. In this article, the inherent square-law nonlinearity of the voltage-to-force transfer function of a cantilever resonator’s capacitive transducer has been employed for the realization of frequency doubling effect. Using this concept, frequency doubling of input signals of 500 kHz to1 MHz and 227.5 kHz to 455 kHz have been experimentally demonstrated for two cantilever beams of length 51.75 and 76.75 µm, respectively. The microelectromechanical system cantilevers have been fabricated with polysilicon using the PolyMUMPs surface micromachining process, and their testing has been performed using laser Doppler vibrometry. The test results obtained are in reasonable compliance with the analytical and CoventorWare finite element simulation results. The high efficiency demonstrated by the cantilever frequency doubler makes it a promising choice for signal generation at high frequencies.

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2

Tomczuk, Krzysztof. "A High Pressure Resonator Transducer with a Programmed Correction of Static Characteristics." Metrology and Measurement Systems 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 667–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mms-2013-0057.

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Abstract A high pressure resonator transducer (0 to 100 MPa) devised by the author has been described. The elastic element of the converter consists of a cylinder with an offset arranged axis hole. Quartz resonators were used for the measurement of deformations of the pipe. Based upon the results of the transducer testing, a new algorithmic method for the minimizalizsation of the temperature error, that eliminates the need for a temperature gauge has been worked out.

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3

Andersen, Kenneth Kirkeng, Martijn E. Frijlink, Tonni Franke Johansen, and Lars Hoff. "A Dual-Frequency Coupled Resonator Transducer." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 67, no. 10 (October 2020): 2119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2020.2995305.

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4

Beck, Mark J., and Richard B. Vennerbeck. "Megasonic transducer with focused energy resonator." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121, no. 3 (2007): 1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2719986.

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5

Butler, John L., Alexander L. Butler, and Victoria Curtis. "Dipole transducer enhancement from a passive resonator." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 136, no. 5 (November 2014): 2472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4898049.

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6

Fox, J. D., B. T. Khuri-Yakub, and G. S. Kino. "Acoustic resonator transducer for operation in air." Electronics Letters 21, no. 16 (1985): 694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19850491.

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7

Vardanyan, V. R., and V. V. Vardanyan. "Differential toroidal resonator transducer of absolute pressure." Measurement Techniques 43, no. 7 (July 2000): 616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02503599.

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8

Luo, Zhifang, Shuai Shao, Kangfu Liu, Yuan Lu, Andrea Mazzalai, Carlo Tosi, and Tao Wu. "Al_0.7Sc_0.3N butterfly-shaped laterally vibrating resonator with a figure-of-merit (k_t²·Q_m) over 146." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 17 (April 25, 2022): 173508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090226.

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This work presents the laterally vibrating Lamb wave resonators (LVRs) based on a 30% aluminum scandium nitride (Al0.7Sc0.3N) thin film with three interdigited transducer pairs operating in the S0 mode. In order to reduce the anchor loss, perfect matched layer-based finite element analysis simulations are utilized to design and optimize the device. Thanks to the high quality AlScN using magnetron sputtering with a single alloy target, vertical etching profile, and designed device structure, 1- μm-thick Al0.7Sc0.3N-based LVRs with high performance are fabricated. The resonator equivalent electric parameters are extracted utilizing the modified Butterworth–Van Dyke model. The best Al0.7Sc0.3N LVR achieves an electromechanical coupling coefficient ( kt2) of 9.7% and a loaded quality factor ( Qr) of 1141.5 operating at approximately 305 MHz. The same resonator shows a motional quality factor ( Qm) of 1507.2, resulting in a high figure-of-merit ( FoM = kt2 · Qm) of 146.2. A 1.8 MHz tuning range is measured for an Al0.7Sc0.3N LVR by applying DC voltage in the range of −40 to 40 V due to the ferroelectric property of high Sc doping in Al0.7Sc0.3N. With the high FoM, Qr, Qm, and low motional resistance ( Rm), the Al0.7Sc0.3N-based LVRs show strong potential in applications of radio frequency communications and piezoelectric transducers.

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9

Li, Chang Fu, Jing Ma, and Fang He. "High Precision Low Power Quartz Temperature Transducer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.79.

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This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of quartz tuning fork temperature sensor which is based on new ZY-cut-quartz crystal bulk acoustic wave resonator vibrating in a flexural mode. Design and performance analysis of the quartz tuning fork temperature sensor has been conducted and the thermal sensing characteristics were examined by measuring the resonance frequency shift of this sensor cause by an external temperature. The sensor prototype was successfully fabricated and calibrated from operating from 0°C to 100°C with sensitivity of 70ppm/°C. Experimental results show the sensor has high thermal sensitivity, good stability and well reproducibility. This work represents high precision and low power temperature sensor using the comprehensive thermal characterization of ZY-cut-quartz tuning fork resonator.

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10

Tsuchimoto, Yuta, and Martin Kroner. "Low-loss high-impedance circuit for quantum transduction between optical and microwave photons." Materials for Quantum Technology 2, no. 2 (March 29, 2022): 025001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ac5ac4.

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Abstract Quantum transducers between microwave and optical photons are essential for long-distance quantum networks based on superconducting qubits. An optically active self-assembled quantum dot molecule (QDM) is an attractive platform for the implementation of a quantum transducer because an exciton in a QDM can be efficiently coupled to both optical and microwave fields at the single-photon level. Recently, the transduction between microwave and optical photons has been demonstrated with a QDM integrated with a superconducting resonator. In this paper, we present a design of a QD-high impedance resonator device with a low microwave loss and an expected large single-microwave photon coupling strength of 100s of MHz. We integrate self-assembled QDs onto a high-impedance superconducting resonator using a transfer printing technique and demonstrate a low-microwave loss rate of 1.8 MHz and gate tunability of the QDs. The corresponding microwave photon decay time of 88 ns is longer than the time necessary for the optical-microwave transduction process as well as the transmon-resonator swap operation time. This feature will facilitate efficient quantum transduction between an optical and microwave qubit.

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11

Seong, Tony Ow Koon, Hanim Salleh, and Anis Nurashikin. "Optimization of Resonator Design for Vibration-Based Electromagnetic Energy Harvester." Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (December 2013): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.355.

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This paper presents an optimization on the resonator, which is one of the main components of electromagnetic energy harvester, using static structural analysis, stress analysis and modal analysis. The electromagnetic energy harvester is a vibration-based energy harvesting technology which has emerged as a solution for powering autonomous sensor nodes to increase their life span. Electromagnetic energy harvester acts as a transducer that converts ambient vibration energy to electrical power. An initial design of the resonator is developed and analyzed using ANSYS software. Static structural analysis and stress analysis have been performed to analyze different resonator designs to produce an optimum resonator model. Maximum static deflection under gravitation force was found to be 104.12 μm. Resonance frequency of the resonator was found to be 261.56Hz by using modal analyses. The selected resonator design was further modified to cater for wide-band frequency application as well as to have better performance. Four resonators with different beam lengths were combined in a model in order to operate at a wider frequency range. Five models were generated and the smallest frequency range is from 272 Hz to 299 Hz by model 5110_5410. The maximum power and minimum power that can be generated for this model is 135 μW and 93.9 μW respectively. The model 3910_4210 which has the highest frequency range generated a maximum power of 437 μW and minimum power of 270 μW at a frequency range of 422 Hz to 466 Hz.

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12

Hibaru, Kunio, Jim Morimoto, and Toru Miyakawa. "Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Detected by Piezoelectric Transducer with Resonator." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 29, S1 (January 1, 1990): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.29s1.280.

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13

Martin, L. P., J. J. Suter, and M. Rosen. "Sapphire resonator transducer accelerometer for space gravity gradiometry." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 27, no. 4 (April 14, 1994): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/27/4/031.

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14

POP, S., D. PITICA, and V. BANDE. "Analyzing a Vibrating Wire Transducer using Coupled Resonator Circuits." Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 15, no. 3 (2015): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/aece.2015.03012.

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15

Allen, Charles W., W. Jack Hughes, and David J. Van Tol. "Large aperture 1‐3 composite longitudinal resonator (tonpilz) transducer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (February 1999): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.425576.

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16

Ueda, Toshitsugu, Fusao Kohsaka, and Daisuke Yamazaki. "Precision Pressure Transducer Using Double-Ended Tuning Fork Resonator." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 108, no. 9 (1988): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss1987.108.9_699.

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17

Rabl, P., S. J. Kolkowitz, F. H. L. Koppens, J. G. E. Harris, P. Zoller, and M. D. Lukin. "A quantum spin transducer based on nanoelectromechanical resonator arrays." Nature Physics 6, no. 8 (May 30, 2010): 602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1679.

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18

Thompson, Charles, Lejun Hu, Grace Remillard, Kavitha Chandra, Vacharaporn Paradorn, and Azizat Lawal. "A passive radio frequency excited acoustic transducer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010645.

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Анотація:

The physical processes that govern the operation of a passive acoustic transducer driven into operation by a broadcast radio-frequency electromagnetic wave are presented. The transducer is comprised of a re-entrant cavity resonator operating in its resonant TEM mode and a sensing membrane. By displacing the membrane using the acoustic pressure, one can generate an amplitude modulated radio frequency signal proportional to the product of the displacement and the excitation signal. One may use the backscattered electromagnetic signal to recover the audio signal. The results for power generation, sound transduction, and radio-frequency backscatter transmission of the audio signal are presented.

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19

Shevchenko, S. Yu, D. A. Mikhailenko, and B. Nyamweru. "Optimizing the Design of Surface-Acoustic-Wave Ring Resonator by Changing the Interdigitated Transducer Topology." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 24, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2021-24-6-51-62.

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Introduction. Previous works considered the frequency characteristics and methods for fixing sensitive elements in the form of a wave ring resonator on surface acoustic waves in a housing made of various materials, as well as the influence of external factors on sensitive elements. It was found that the passband in such a case is sufficiently wide, which can affect adversely signal detection when measuring acceleration using the sensitive element under development. Therefore, it has become relevant to reduce the sensitive element’s bandwidth by changing the design of the interdigitated transducer (IDT).Aim. To demonstrate an optimal topology for an IDT with a low bandwidth, leading to improved signal detection when acceleration affects the sensitive element.Materials and methods. The finite element method and mathematical processing in AutoCAD and in COMSOL Multiphysics.Results. Nine topologies of IDT are proposed. All these types were investigated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software on lithium niobate substrates, which material acts as a sensitive element. The frequency characteristics are presented. The data obtained allowed an optimal design of the ring resonator to be proposed: an IDT with rectangular pins without selective withdrawal.Conclusion. Self-generation in a ring resonator can be performed by withdrawing no more than one pair of IDTs for 10 or more periods. In this case, the withdrawal of IDTs should be uniform. With an increase in the number of IDT withdrawals, the geometry of the ring resonator is violated, and the wave leaves the structure. The presence of a shared bus keeps the surface acoustic wave inside the IDT structure, and the narrowing of the periods towards the inner part of the structure makes it possible to improve the frequency characteristics of the ring resonator on surface acoustic waves.

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20

Taranenko, Yu, K., and O. Yu Oliynyk. "Multifunctional Vibration-Frequency Measuring Transducer of Force with Cylindrical Resonator." Measurement Techniques 61, no. 7 (October 2018): 704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11018-018-1488-0.

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21

Lethbridge, J. A., A. Cheshmehdoost, C. M. France, and B. E. Jones. "An optical-fibre hybrid pressure transducer employing a mechanical resonator." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 37-38 (June 1993): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(93)80082-r.

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22

Cheshmehdoost, A., B. E. Jones, and B. O'Connor. "Characteristics of a force transducer incorporating a mechanical DETF resonator." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 26, no. 1-3 (March 1991): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(91)87009-r.

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23

Setiawan, Ikhsan. "The effect of housing volume of a converting loudspeaker on the output electric power of a loudspeaker-based acoustic energy harvester." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v4i2.47551.

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Acoustic energy harvester is a device that converts sound or acoustic energy into electrical energy. Generally, the main components of this instrument are an acoustic transducer and an acoustic resonator. In this study, the transducer used was a 4-inch woofer loudspeaker, without acoustic resonator but equipped with a cylindrical housing with a fixed cross-sectional area and a length that can be varied from 6 cm until 25 cm by using a piston. Experimental results for various housing volumes showed a similar pattern of the dependence of the generated electric power on the incoming sound frequencies. In addition, it was found that (within the range of the volume variations) the output electric power increased significantly when the volume of the housing was increased. The highest root-mean-square (rms) electric power obtained was 1.72 mW resulting from sound with a sound pressure level (SPL) of 105 dB and a frequency of 84 Hz and by using a length of the housing cylinder of 25 cm (housing volume of 3243.7 cm<sup>3</sup>)

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24

Akiyama, Iwaki, Natsuki Yoshizumi, Shigemi Saito, Katsumi Ohira, Osamu Takahashi, and Kentaro Nakamura. "Broadband characteristics of piezoelectric transducer bonded to a thick plate resonator." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126, no. 4 (2009): 2197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3248590.

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25

De, D. K. "Loop transducer matching for low insertion loss magnetostatic surface wave resonator." Journal of Applied Physics 64, no. 10 (November 15, 1988): 5210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342434.

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26

BU Tian-rong, 卜天容, 陈曜 CHEN Yao, 何鹏程 HE Peng-cheng, 万玲玉 WAN Ling-yu, and 丁玉丽 DING Yu-li. "The Transducer Sensitivity of Racetrack Optical Micro-ring Resonator with Feedback." ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 43, no. 8 (2014): 823005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20144308.0823005.

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27

Herbko, Michal, and Przemyslaw Lopato. "Microstrip Patch Strain Sensor Miniaturization Using Sierpinski Curve Fractal Geometry." Sensors 19, no. 18 (September 15, 2019): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183989.

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In this paper miniaturization of a microstrip patch strain sensor (MPSS) using fractal geometry was proposed and analyzed. For this purpose, the transducer of Sierpinski curve geometry was utilized and compared with the most commonly utilized rectangular resonator-based one. Both sensors were designed for the same resonant frequency value (2.725 GHz). This fact allows analysis of the influence of the patch (resonator) shape and size on the resonant frequency shift. This is very important as the sensors with the same resonator shape but designed on various operating frequencies have various resonant frequency shifts. Simulation and experimental analysis for all sensors were carried out. A good convergence between results of simulation and measurements was achieved. The obtained results proved the possibility of microstrip strain sensor dimensions reduction using Sierpinski curve fractal geometry. Additionally, an influence of microstrip line deformation for proposed sensors was studied.

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28

Bastos, Eduardo S., Cristina Bormio-Nunes, Thomas G. R. Clarke, and Frank P. Missell. "Model for Wireless Magnetoelastic Strain Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 3557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123557.

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This paper describes a magnetoelastic strain sensor based on the ∆E effect and discusses some materials used in its construction. A polycrystalline Fe–Al–B alloy with good quality magnetoelastic properties was used as the transducer and glued to the test object, either brass plates or rods of SAE 1010 steel. The strain-dependent magnetic field of the transducer changes the operating point of the resonator, a strip of field-annealed Metglas 2826MB3, resulting in a modification of its resonant frequency. A model was developed to simulate the strain-dependent magnetic field acting on the resonator and thus to calculate curves of resonant frequency vs. deformation. With the help of this model, differences in the shape of the frequency vs. strain curve can be understood. For a sensor with resonant frequency of 60.5 kHz glued to a rod of SAE 1010 steel, a total resonant frequency variation ∆f ~7 kHz was observed for a deformation of 1100 ppm. The geometry of this sensor is especially favorable for the remote monitoring of a steel surface, such as the wires of the tensile armor of a marine riser.

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29

Shevchenko, Sergey Yu, and Denis A. Mikhailenko. "Topological Optimization of Circular SAW Resonators: Overcoming the Discreteness Effects." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 3, 2022): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031172.

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Recently, we proposed a ring-shaped surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator sensitive element design, as well as analyzed its characteristics and suggested its optimization strategy, with major focus on their temperature stability. Here, we focus on further optimization of the design to narrow the bandwidth and improve signal detection, while taking into account typical technological limitations. Additionally, the purpose of design optimization and modeling is to check the preservation of operability in the case of lithography defects, which is the most common technological error. For that, we suggest structural alteration of the interdigital transducer (IDT) that leads to its partial fragmentation. Using COMSOL Multiphysics computer simulations, we validate several IDT options and show explicitly how it could be optimized by changing its pin geometry. Based on the results of the study, prototyping and printing of ring resonators on a substrate using photolithography will be carried out.

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30

Borowiec, Marek, Grzegorz Litak, and Stefano Lenci. "Noise Effected Energy Harvesting in a Beam with Stopper." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 14, no. 08 (November 25, 2014): 1440020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414400203.

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An autonomous system of energy supplier to low power devices or wireless sensors is one of the most important motivations for energy harvesting based on ambient mechanical vibrations. In traditional approach, harvesters were based on a linear mechanical resonator combined with an electro-mechanical transducer working in the resonance region, i.e. in a relatively small range of frequencies. Here, we study a frequency broadband nonlinear resonator with impact characteristics with the aim of increasing the range of operativity of the system. The excitations are modeled by kinematic forcing possessing periodic and stochastic components, motivated by realistic ambient conditions. We show how the noise component of the excitation influences the stability of the solution.

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31

Hsieh, Lung-Hwa, and Kai Chang. "A piezoelectric transducer-tuned microstrip-ring resonator oscillator operating at the second resonant mode of the ring resonator." International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 15, no. 2 (2005): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmce.20073.

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32

TARANENKO, U. K., and O. U. OLEINIK. "Multifunctional vibration-frequency measuring device a force transducer with a cylindrical resonator." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 7 (2018): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2018-7-41-46.

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33

Kahr, Matthias, Michael Stifter, Harald Steiner, Wilfried Hortschitz, Gabor Kovács, Andreas Kainz, Johannes Schalko, and Franz Keplinger. "Dual Resonator MEMS Magnetic Field Gradiometer." Sensors 19, no. 3 (January 25, 2019): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030493.

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Анотація:

Accurate knowledge of the spatial magnetic field distribution is necessary when measuring field gradients. Therefore, a MEMS magnetic field gradiometer is reported, consisting of two identical, but independent laterally oscillating masses on a single chip. The sensor is actuated by Lorentz force and read out by modulation of the light flux passing through stationary and moving arrays of the chip. This optical readout decouples the transducer from the electronic components. Both phase and intensity are recorded which reveals information about the uniformity of the magnetic field. The magnetic flux density is measured simultaneously at two points in space and the field gradient is evaluated locally. The sensor was characterised at ambient pressure by performing frequency and magnitude response measurements with coil and various different permanent magnet arrangements, resulting in a responsivity of 35.67 V/T and detection limit of 3.07 µT/ Hz (@ 83 Hz ENBW). The sensor is compact, offers a large dynamic measurement range and can be of low-cost by using conventional MEMS batch fabrication technology.

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34

Moreira, Eurico Esteves, João Gaspar, and Luis Alexandre Rocha. "Frequency Modulated Magnetometer Using a Double-Ended Tuning Fork Resonator." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (November 9, 2018): 1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2131028.

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A Lorentz force MEMS magnetometer based on a double-ended tuning fork (DETF) for out-of-plane sensing is presented here. A novel configuration using a hexagonal-shaped Lorentz force transducer is used, which simplifies the sensor configuration and improves its sensitivity. Frequency modulated devices were fabricated in an in-house process on silicon on insulator wafers (SOI) and then tested in vacuum. The final devices have a differential configuration and experimental characterization shows a sensitivity of 4.59 Hz/mT for a total input current (on the Lorentz bar) of 1.5 mA.

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35

Ducharne, Benjamin, Grzegorz Litak, Hubert Przywara, and Gael Sebald. "Responses of Nonlinear Electro-Mechanical Energy Harvester by Means of Recurrences." Applied Mechanics and Materials 844 (July 2016): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.844.122.

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Abstract. We examine the modal response of an electro-mechanical energy harvesting device based oncharacterisation of the experimental time-series. Mechanical resonator consisting of a flexible beamand a tip magnet and nonlinear switching magnetic transducer defined as composite magnetic ringbased on a soft ferromagnet. To identify the dynamics of the response of the studied harvesting structure and the associated voltage and displacement output we used the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA), estimating the corresponding recurrence rates and recurrence times.

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36

Okazaki, Yuma, Imran Mahboob, Koji Onomitsu, Satoshi Sasaki, and Hiroshi Yamaguchi. "Quantum point contact displacement transducer for a mechanical resonator at sub-Kelvin temperatures." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 19 (November 4, 2013): 192105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4828890.

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37

Xiang, X. ‐D, J. W. Brill, and W. L. Fuqua. "Use of a helical resonator as a capacitive transducer in vibrating reed measurements." Review of Scientific Instruments 60, no. 9 (September 1989): 3035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140600.

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38

Gao, Xingyu, Zhang‐Q Yin, and Tongcang Li. "High‐Speed Quantum Transducer with a Single‐Photon Emitter in a 2D Resonator." Annalen der Physik 532, no. 10 (August 23, 2020): 2000233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.202000233.

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39

Asao, Hideki, Hideyuki Oh-Hashi, Tetsu Ohwada, and Osami Ishida Members. "A tunable oscillator using magnetostatic forward-volume wave resonator with wide strip transducer." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II: Electronics) 78, no. 5 (May 1995): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjb.4420780509.

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40

Datta, Anurup, Zhou Zeng, and Xianfan Xu. "Split ring resonator as a nanoscale optical transducer for heat-assisted magnetic recording." Optics Express 27, no. 20 (September 19, 2019): 28264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.028264.

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41

Bai, Xiaoling, Yumei Wen, Ping Li, Jin Yang, Xiao Peng, and Xihai Yue. "Dynamic Response of Spiral Cantilever Undergoing Magnetic Coupling." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 14, no. 08 (November 25, 2014): 1440021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414400215.

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Анотація:

Cantilever beams have found intensive and extensive uses as underlying mechanisms for energy transduction in sensors as well as in energy harvesters. In magnetoelectric (ME) transduction, the underlying cantilever beam usually will undergo magnetic coupling effect. As the beam itself is either banded with magnetic transducer or magnets, the dynamic motion of the cantilever can be modified due to the magnetic force between the magnets and ME sensors. In this study, the dynamic response of a typical spiral cantilever beam with magnetic coupling is investigated. The spiral cantilever acts as the resonator of an energy harvester with a tip mass in the form of magnets, and a ME transducer is positioned in the air gap and interacts with the magnets. It is expected that this spiral configuration is capable of performing multiple vibration modes over a small frequency range and the response frequencies can be magnetically tunable. The experimental results show that the magnetic coupling between the magnets and the transducer plays a favorable role in achieving tunable resonant frequencies and reducing the frequency spacings. This will benefits the expansion of the response band of a device and is especially useful in energy harvesting.

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42

Elhady, Alaa, and Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman. "Characterization of Shear Horizontal Waves Using a 1D Laser Doppler Vibrometer." Sensors 21, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072467.

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We developed a new technique for the detection of shear horizontal surface acoustic waves (SH-SAW) using a one-dimensional laser-based Doppler vibrometer. It measures the out-of-plane surface deformation at the fingertip of an interdigitated transducer (the boundary of the wave aperture) and uses it to estimate the instantaneous in-plane displacement field given the substrate Poisson ratio. It can also estimate the degree of surface confinement (wave decay rate). The proposed approach was first verified using finite element analysis (FEA) and demonstrated experimentally using a Bleustein–Gulyaev resonator.

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43

Shen, Xiang, Liye Zhao, and Dunzhu Xia. "Research on the Disc Sensitive Structure of a Micro Optoelectromechanical System (MOEMS) Resonator Gyroscope." Micromachines 10, no. 4 (April 19, 2019): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10040264.

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A micro optoelectromechanical system (MOEMS) resonator gyroscope based on a waveguide micro-ring resonator was proposed. This sensor was operated by measuring the shift of the transmission spectrum. Modal analysis was carried out for the disc sensitive structure of the MOEMS resonator gyroscope (MOEMS-RG). We deduced the equations between the equivalent stiffness and voltage of each tuning electrode and the modal parameters. A comprehensive investigation of the influences of the structure parameters on the sensitivity noise of the MOEMS-RG is presented in this paper. The mechanical sensitivity and transducer sensitivities of the MOEMS-RG, with varying structural parameters, are calculated based on the finite-element method. Frequency response test and the fiber optic spectrometer displacement test were implemented to verify the reliability of the model. Research results indicate that the resonant frequencies of the operating modes are tested to be 5768.407 Hz and 5771.116 Hz and the resonant wavelength change ΔX was 0.08 nm for 45° rotation angle. The resonant wavelength, which has a good linear response in working range, changes from −0.071 nm to 0.080 μm. The MOEMS-RG, with an optimized disc sensitive structure, can detect the deformation of the sensitive membrane effectively, and has a high sensitivity. This resonator shows very large meff, low f 0 , and very high Q. Therefore, this resonator can provide a small A R W B ( 0.09 ° / h ), which makes it a promising candidate for a low-cost, batch-fabricated, small size inertial-grade MOEMS gyroscope. The multi-objective optimization method could be expanded to include other objectives, constraints, or variables relevant to all kinds of gyroscopes or other microelectromechanical systems devices.

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44

Newcombe, Virginia F. J., Robert C. Hawkes, Sally G. Harding, Roslyn Willcox, Sarah Brock, Peter J. Hutchinson, David K. Menon, T. Adrian Carpenter, and Jonathan P. Coles. "Potential heating caused by intraparenchymal intracranial pressure transducers in a 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging system using a body radiofrequency resonator: assessment of the Codman MicroSensor Transducer." Journal of Neurosurgery 109, no. 1 (July 2008): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/109/7/0159.

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Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy may provide important clinical information in the acute stages of brain injury. For this to occur it must be ensured that intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring devices are safe to bring into the MR imaging suite. The authors tested a Codman MicroSensor ICP Transducer (Codman & Shurtleff, Inc.) within a 3-T MR imaging system using the transmit body coil and receive-only coils and the transmit-and-receive head coil. Extreme and rapid heating of 64°C was noted with the transducer wire in certain positions when using the transmit body coil and receive-only head coil. This is consistent with the phenomenon of resonance, and the probe was shown to have a distinct resonant response when coupled to HP 4195A Network Analyzer (Hewlett Packard). Coiling some of the transducer wire outside of the receive-only head coil reduced the generated current and so stopped the thermogenesis. This may be due to the introduction of a radiofrequency choke. The ICP transducer performed within clinically acceptable limits in both the static magnetic field and during imaging with high radiofrequency power when the excess wire was in this configuration. No heating was observed when a transmit-and-receive head coil was used. This study has shown when using a high-field magnet, the Codman ICP probe is MR conditional. That is, in the authors' system, it can be safely used with the transmit-and-receive head coil, but when using the transmit body coil the transducer wire must be coiled into concentric loops outside of the receive-only head coil.

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45

Koledintseva, Marina Y., and Alexander A. Kitaitsev. "ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN A CRYSTALLOGRAPHICALLY UNIAXIAL FERRITE RESONATOR AND A HALL-EFFECT TRANSDUCER." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 74 (2007): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier07032703.

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46

Babitskii, A. N., B. A. Belyaev, G. V. Skomorokhov, A. V. Izotov, and R. G. Galeev. "A weak-field magnetometer based on a resonator microstrip transducer with thin magnetic films." Technical Physics Letters 41, no. 4 (April 2015): 324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063785015040021.

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47

Su, Li, Lan Zou, Chi-Chun Fong, Wing-Leung Wong, Fan Wei, Kwok-Yin Wong, Rudolf S. S. Wu, and Mengsu Yang. "Detection of cancer biomarkers by piezoelectric biosensor using PZT ceramic resonator as the transducer." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 46 (August 2013): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2013.01.074.

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48

Srinuanjan, Keerayoot, Surachart Kamoldilok, Weraphan Tipaphong, and Preecha P. Yupapin. "A nano-scale transducer using a PANDA type ring resonator for gas sensor applications." Optik 123, no. 6 (March 2012): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2011.05.008.

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49

Mikoshiba, Kota, James M. Manimala, and CT Sun. "Energy harvesting using an array of multifunctional resonators." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 24, no. 2 (September 23, 2012): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12460335.

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Energy harvesting from structural vibrations using an array of multifunctional resonators based on the theory of locally resonant materials is demonstrated. Such locally resonant structures exhibit a stop band for elastic wave propagation. The band gap frequency range depends on the local resonance frequency of the microstructure. One method to realize this is through the use of an array of embedded resonators where the external work done is stored as kinetic energy of the internal mass when the forcing frequency is close to the local resonance frequency. This mechanism can be used to harvest energy by converting the kinetic energy into electrical energy, thus bestowing a multifunctional utility to the structure. We use a spring-loaded magnet enclosed in a capped poly(methyl methacrylate) tube equipped with copper coils to create a unit cell that acts both as a resonator and as a linear generator. Experiments on a serial array of seven unit cells exhibit a band gap between 146.5 (local resonance frequency) and 171 Hz with a peak voltage generation of 3.03 V at steady state. The continuous effective power generated by a single unit cell across a 1-Ω load resistor is 36 mW, indicating the feasibility of constructing vibration isolation structures that can power simple electronic and microelectromechanical systems devices. The applicability of using the device as a transducer to measure the local resonance frequency and the global resonance frequency of the structure is also discussed.

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50

Wu, Zhi Zheng. "Piezoelectrically Transduced Hybrid Resonators." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1500–1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1500.

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In this paper, the design for a new piezoelectrically transduced hybrid resonator is proposed. The frequency stability problem is improved by using two different thin films with a negative and positive temperature coefficient of sound velocity, respectively, where the main vibrating structure is constructed by the SiO2 and ZnO thin films. This new hybrid resonator combines the advantages of piezoelectric and capacitive resonators together and can be implemented by the simple fabrication technique utilizing surface micromachining.

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