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Статті в журналах з теми "Résilience alimentaire"
Brial, Adèle, Sylvie Ferrari, Sandrine Gombert-Courvoisier, and Jean-François Hoarau. "La résilience alimentaire en milieu insulaireEntre autonomie alimentaire et libre échange." Économie rurale, no. 382 (December 31, 2022): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/economierurale.10828.
Повний текст джерелаFarhangi, Cyrus. "Il se mobilise pour la résilience alimentaire des territoires." DARD/DARD N° 5, no. 1 (October 26, 2021): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dard.005.0130.
Повний текст джерелаBitsoumanou Nkounkou, Junior, and Ludovic Temple. "Résilience du secteur alimentaire face à la crise Covid-19 et perspectives pour les politiques agricoles en République du Congo." Cahiers Agricultures 30 (2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2021025.
Повний текст джерелаFallot, Abigaïl, François Bousquet, and Sandrine Dury. "Les paradoxes de la résilience en matière de sécurité alimentaire." Revue internationale des études du développement N°239, no. 3 (2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ried.239.0057.
Повний текст джерелаDesjardins, France, and Pierre-André Tremblay. "S’ alimenter malgré le froid, la distance et le reste : l’émergence de stratégies favorables à la résilience alimentaire en Jamésie (nord du Québec)." Revue organisations & territoires 30, no. 3 (February 11, 2022): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1522/revueot.v30n3.1383.
Повний текст джерелаDury, Sandrine, Arlène Alpha, Nadine Zakhia-Rozis, and Thierry Giordano. "Les systèmes alimentaires aux défis de la crise de la Covid-19 en Afrique : enseignements et incertitudes." Cahiers Agricultures 30 (2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2020052.
Повний текст джерелаLichy, Jessica, and Derek Watson. "Managing uncertainty in food supply chains – The case of British food manufacturing." Question(s) de management 45, no. 4 (July 26, 2023): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/qdm.225.0181.
Повний текст джерелаRobert, M., R. Shankland, V. A. Andreeva, M. Deschasaux-Tanguy, E. Kesse-Guyot, C. Leys, S. Hercberg, M. Touvier, and S. Péneau. "La résilience est associée aux troubles du comportement alimentaire dans la cohorte NutriNet-Santé." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 36, no. 1 (February 2022): S27—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2021.12.051.
Повний текст джерелаVonthron, Simon, Sandrine Dury, Abigail Fallot, Arlène Alpha, and François Bousquet. "L’intégration des concepts de résilience dans le domaine de la sécurité alimentaire : regards croisés." Cahiers Agricultures 25, no. 6 (November 2016): 64001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2016039.
Повний текст джерелаBrassard, Nancy. "COVID-19 et les retombées positives : l’autre côté de la médaille!" Ad machina, no. 4 (February 26, 2021): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1522/radm.no4.1241.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Résilience alimentaire"
Callahan, Stacey. "Evaluation de la résilience et du contrôle du moi." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20109.
Повний текст джерелаThe recently developed constructs of Ego Control (EC) and Ego Resiliency (ER) (Block and Block, 1980) provide understanding of adaptive functioning within the context of personality psychology. EC is defined as the degree of impulse modulation exerted by the different ego structures within individual response to environmental contingents ; ER is the interrelation between ego structures and its impact on maintaining the system within tenable bounds given differing contexts and internal needs. The goal of this project is to advance a means for evaluating these traits as well as study their application in the domain of psychopathology. Initially, scales measuring EC and ER were translated and validated ; in addition two other tools were similarly elaborated for use in French populations : the Questionnaire for Eating Disorder Diagnosis (Q-EDD) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Aside from test validation, two additional studies were undertaken. The first, a pilot study, examined the potential relationship between these ego constructs and the organization of attachment in a group of alcoholics (n=36). The second study undertaken identified eating disorder epidemiology in a large population (n=1001), a sub-population of which (n=182) was employed for detailed examination of the two personality constructs. The results of the pilot study did not fully confirm the relationship of these constructs to attachment organization. Results from the eating disorder study provided information on eating disorder prevalence and implications for diagnosis ; moreover, results from both studies provided additional insight on understanding EC and ER as well as their measurement. Aside from the contribution of new French psychological evaluation tools, the overall conclusions of this work suggest that EC and ER, while influencing the individual's ability to manifest adaptive behavior, are probably linked to individual functioning and its impact on the person, and cannot be generalized to psychopathological organiszation
Prosperi, Paolo. "Mesures de la sécurité alimentaire et de l'alimentation durable en Méditerranée, basées sur les approches de la vulnérabilité et de la résilience." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, SupAgro, 2015. http://www.supagro.fr/theses/extranet/15-0003_Prosperi.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRecurrent food crises and global change, along with habitat loss and micronutrient deficiencies, placed food security and environmental sustainability at the top of the political agenda. Analyses of the dynamic interlinkages between food consumption patterns and environmental concerns recently received considerable attention from the international community. Socioeconomic and biophysical changes affect the food system functions including food and nutrition security. The sustainability of food system is at risk. Building sustainable food systems has become a key effort to redirect our food systems and policies towards better-adjusted goals and improved societal welfare. Food systems involve multiple interactions between human and natural components. The systemic nature of these interactions calls for systems approaches and integrated assessment tools. Identifying and modeling the intrinsic properties of the food system can help tracking progress towards sustainability and setting policies towards positive transformations.The general objective of this thesis is to analyze and explore the sustainability of the food system through identifying a set of metrics at the Mediterranean region level. The specific aims consist of developing a multidimensional framework to evaluate the sustainability of food systems and diets, identifying the main variables to formalize and operationalize the abstract and multidimensional concept of sustainable food systems, and defining metrics for assessing the sustainability of food systems and diets, at a subregional level.Through a broad understanding of sustainability, the methodological approach of this thesis builds on the theories of vulnerability and resilience. Following the steps of the global change vulnerability assessment a causal factor analysis is presented concerning three Mediterranean countries, namely Spain, France and Italy. Formulating "what is vulnerable to what" hypotheses, we identified eight causal models of vulnerability. A three-round Delphi survey was then applied to select indicators on the basis of the vulnerability/resilience theoretical framework.A conceptual hierarchical framework was identified for modeling the complex relationships between food and nutrition security and sustainability for developing potential indicators of sustainable diets and food systems. A feedback-structured framework of the food system formalized eight selected causal models of vulnerability and resilience and identified intrinsic properties of the food system, shaping the interactions where a set of drivers of change (Water depletion; Biodiversity loss; Food price volatility; Changes in food consumption patterns) directly affect food and nutrition security outcomes at a subregional level (Nutritional quality of food supply; Affordability of food; Dietary energy balance; Satisfaction of cultural food preferences). Each interaction was disentangled in exposure, sensitivity and resilience. This theoretical framework was operationalized through the identification of a set of 136 indicators. The Delphi study revealed low, medium, and high consensus and majority level on indicators in 75% of the interactions out of the 24 initial ones. The results obtained in terms of global response, expert participation rates, and consensus on indicators were then satisfactory. Also, expert confirmed with positive feedback the appraisal of the components of the framework.This theoretical modeling exercise and the Delphi survey allowed the identification of a first suite of indicators, moving beyond single and subjective evaluation, and reaching consensus on metrics of sustainable diets and food systems for supporting decision-making. The operationalization of the theories of vulnerability and resilience, through an indicator-based approach, can contribute to further analyses on the socioeconomic and biophysical aspects and interlinkages concerning the sustainability of diets and food systems
Brial, Adèle. "La résilience alimentaire dans les Départements et Régions d'outre-mer : enjeux, conceptualisation, évaluation et application à La Réunion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Réunion, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LARE0011.
Повний текст джерелаThis research introduces a theoretical and experimental approach of the food resilience in the French Overseas Departments and Regions (DROM): Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Mayotte and Reunion. The current social, economic, geopolitical crises and the global deregulation of the climate change strengthens food and nutritional insecurity particularly in the DROM. An analysis of the overseas territories characteristics has been conducted by applying an original method, the Economy-Wide Material Flow Analysis (EW-MFA) to identify the material flows and exchanges between the economic and environmental dimensions. Among these flows, the food one accounts for a major challenge to limit the vulnerabilities of these overseas economies. Secondly, we have considered the territorial and demographic particularities of overseas environments to design an adapted food resilience approach in order to satisfy the objectives of food and nutrition security. Here, food resilience is defined as the dynamic capacity to achieve food and nutritional security for all populations facing disruptions, notably through the production and insecurity challenges. Then, by identifying the contrasts and similarities between the overseas territories, we conducted a study to define a specific food resilience scorecard based on indicators relating the dimensions of the food system and the challenges of sustainable food. Our results show that the priority challenges for food resilience in the French overseas territories are social, nutritional, and economic. Based on these results, we proposed a specific reflection for each DROM to reduce inequalities. Finally, thanks to this research action, it is possible to establish a circular economy and solidarity-based model to promote food resilience in Reunion. For the first time it is possible to identify the benefits of the food waste valorization and the realities of people in food insecurity. Our thesis argues that the promotion of food resilience necessarily involves the development of people's capability
Gomes, Pierre. "Résilience du microbiote ruminal : influence de la source d’énergie alimentaire et du phénotype chez la chèvre et la vache." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASA012.
Повний текст джерелаA better understanding of the relationship between the host animal and its ruminal microbiota would be the first step to optimize the balance between the use of fiber in ruminant feed and methane production. Two elements of this relationship were studied in this thesis: (1) the structural resilience of the microbiota after a ruminal ecosystem disturbance depending on the dietary energy source, and (2) the microbiota host specificity linked to rumen input and output flows. An innovative procedure of synchronization was developed consisting of emptying, pooling across animals and refiling rumens with the mixed rumen contents. This creates a ruminal ecosystem disturbance and provides the same microbiota to all animals. This procedure was used in 3 experiments on 12 dry goats, 10 lactating goats and 6 dry cows. Bacteria and archaea communities were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The rumen microbiota evolved towards a different composition from the one before synchronization in the 2 species fed with a high fiber content diet. On the other hand, with diets rich in fast fermentable carbohydrates or starch, the microbiota of the 2 species go back to compositions close to the initial one before synchronization. Thus, the dietary energy source influences the structural microbiota resilience. A part of the microbiota host specificity is explain by the input and output flow of organic matter in the rumen
Desbois, Jean-Marc. "F. A. Hayek et Herbert A. Simon : la contribution de deux approches par la complexité à l'élaboration d'un corps de connaissances et d'outils utiles dans l'analyse et la prévention des "poly-crises" alimentaires. L'exemple de la crise alimentaire de 2007-2008." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E039/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the April-June 2008 period, prices of the commodities such as wheat, maize, rice and vegetable oils, reached impressive yet not exceptional peaks. By contrast, the populations of 48 countries were stricken by severe under nutrition. Most of them had already been weakened not only by conflicts, social disorders, dramatic and unusual climatic and natural disasters, but also by outbreaks, epizooties, and population displacements. In some cases, all these factors together played a significant role in the worsening situation. However, another important reason could be advanced to explain why the 2008 food crisis was an “extraordinary problem”. This one is that “normal” scientific knowledge was defeated by the complexity of what it appears now as a food “poly-crises” (Morin, 2011). We answered by designing an epistemological, methodological, and technical knowledge base from two very different and alternative economics approaches of facing complexity. The first is the Hayekian approach (1899-1992), and the second, the Simonian approach (1916-2001). The research intends to fulfill cumulativity criteria, traditionally difficult to satisfy with the ones of complexity. From the following analysis we mostly learned two things. First, epistemological grounds of economics needed to be broken in complex environment(s): 1) from certainty/objectivity to uncertainty/subjectivity, 2) from accurate prediction to design, 3) from linear causality deemed inappropriate or, worse, threatening people freedoms, to complex causality. Second, in the adaptation process, the role of “tacit” knowledge production and sharing is central. For that reason, the core of economics problem is not allocation of resources anymore. Now, the main problem for humans whose cognitive capacity are “bounded” is to compute, to “socialize” (Nonaka et alii, 1994, 2001), available but dispersed information and knowledge and to converse them into heuristics or patterns allowing the adaptation to complex and uncertain environment(s). Two others auxiliary hypotheses –E. Ostrom (2011) will endorse them later- can be drawn from that preliminary work: 1) the dynamics of change rooted “in the thinking and in the creativity of people involved in complex situations and their capacity to restructure their own models for interactions”, 2) reciprocal altruism (Simon, 1992, 1993) is a rational behavior which can be more effective in/for the social interactions in complex environment(s) than maximizing or selfish behavior. To present preliminary results in an effective way, we created a very simple interface scheme. It takes the form of a three-dimensional knowledge loop with two strands, “generic” and “tacit” knowledge connected between themselves to produce by recursion a meta-knowledge. We made the choice of the interface because it reflects with the most accuracy the position defended by Hayek and Simon which is that economics is a frontier science. Moreover, the interface has the advantage of being both open and closed. A part of the research is more specifically dedicated to design tools increasing the understanding of the “polyfood” crises. We elaborated a three-level indicator with: 1) perceptions of the contribution of each factor to the outbreak and the worsening of the situation; 2) contributions of actors to the explanation of the food crisis proposed in 2008. It was developed from: 1) a case study comparing and contrasting explanations proposed a) in their statements by 138 Heads of State and Government attended the High Level Conference on World Food Security (3-5 June 2008), b) in their analyses by economists, c) in their testimonies by people hit by under nutrition/rising food prices (database IRIN); 2) a new and more updated typology focused on the responses addressed by 18 countries split into 3 groups [...]
Nguyen, Ba Hieu. "Quantification de la réponse de l’ingestion alimentaire des porcs en croissance à des perturbations – une approche de modélisation." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NSARB333.
Повний текст джерелаQuantifying robustness of farm animals is essential to improve the sustainability of livestock production systems. Robustness, however, is a complex trait and not measurable directly. The aim of this PhD thesis was to develop a method to quantify elements of robustness in growing pigs. A mathematical model was developed to detect perturbations on feed intake and to quantify the response of pigs to perturbations in terms of resistance and resilience. The model estimated a targeted trajectory of cumulative feed intake which is hypothesized as the desired feed intake of pigs in non-perturbed condition. Consequences of perturbations can be detected from deviations of this target. The animal’s response can be characterized by four parameters: the start andend times of a perturbation, the immediate reduction in daily feed intake at the start of the perturbation (resistance trait) and the pig’s capacity to overcome the perturbing effect through compensatory feed intake (resilience trait). We then applied the model to quantify the response of group-housed pigs to a diet contaminated with mycotoxins in one or two periods of the experiment. The model proved its capacity to detect and quantify the response of pigs to mycotoxins. Characteristics of animal’s response obtained from the model can be applied to phenotype animals in genetic selection or in management strategies
Gallien, Manon. "La résilience des Systèmes Alimentaires de qualité différenciée : approche pour la compréhension des dynamiques de protection de la qualité de l'eau en agriculture." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2067/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn 2009, The Grenelle de l'Environnement (French environmental pact) introduced environmental clauses within Geographical Indications (GI) specifications. French Water agencies (agences de l’eau) perceive it as a good opportunity to address the issue of agricultural pollution, by takings actions at the upstream level. In this context, this study examines how certainfood quality processes are proactively setting targets for conserving water. This question led to develop a global approach in order to look at the issues of water quality from the wider angle of environmental preservation. It requires not only to focus on regulation tools of food quality products but also to take into account a larger set of environmental actions. Along the same lines, the theoretical framework of the resilience of food system of differentiated quality has also been developed. It allows to study proactive environmental dynamics set up by stakeholders to deal with perturbations linked to natural resources degradation, such as water. Those perturbations can be factual (measured) or represented, when stakeholders consider a potential risk. This analytical framework has been applied on case studies in viticulture and fruit production in the South-East of France. The results underscore the complexity of environmental dynamics: they are based on a set of complementary actions and require the mobilization of key players, able to engage in a collective dynamics but also to have a wider vision of food systems, both by looking at the vertical dimension (market oriented) and horizontal dimension (link with the local territory)
Pulliat, Gwenn. "Vulnérabilité alimentaire et trajectoires de sécurisation des moyens d'existence à Hanoi : une lecture des pratiques quotidiennes dans une métropole émergente." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00955158.
Повний текст джерелаDubois, Mélodie. "Effets combinés de la pêche et des perturbations naturelles sur la dynamique des écosystèmes coralliens." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP021.
Повний текст джерелаCoral reef provides coastal communities with vital and valuable ecosystem services, such as food and coastal protection, sources of income, and contribute to their societal and cultural identity. However, coral reef ecosystems are subjected to a combination of increasing natural disturbance regimes and increasing multiple human stressors. This may cause irreversible shifts in community structure and, thus, in the delivery of ecosystem services. Understanding the dynamics of these state shifts is fundamental to sustainably manage coral reef social-ecological systems. The overarching goal of this PhD thesis is to better develop system modeling methods to better inform sustainability management. We used two main modeling approaches: Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) and Agent Based Modeling. We used the coral reef social-ecological system of Moorea, French Polynesia, as a case study. Firstly, we collected and integrated various ecological and social data to build three food web models of Moorea, before, during and after a natural disturbance-driven coral mortality. Then, we used an ecosystem network approach to assess recovery pathways of that coral reef ecosystem. We showed that, while benthic communities recovered in a decade after the disturbance, the ecosystem as a whole presented a recovery debt. To investigate how fisheries dynamics interact with this ecosystem dynamic, we developed a dynamic food web model that revisits a natural disturbance regime under different fishing scenarios. We showed that indirect effect of fisheries can maintain intermediate level of fished populations, thus buffering the impact of the disturbance regime on local society. Finally, to better predict local fisheries management initiatives, we developed an agent-based model that accounts for more realist fisheries dynamics. We showed that a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPA) could in the long-term benefit both marine resources and fisheries production, but under a scenario without disturbance regime. Some of our results give new insights on how both natural disturbances and fisheries activities interact to shape coral reef ecosystems
Aldebert, Clément. "Uncertainty in predictive ecology : consequence of choices in model construction." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4075/document.
Повний текст джерелаEcological systems are complex systems which cannot be described by a single mathematical model. Multiple modelsof a same system can be built, depending on modeller’s interests and on its choices during model construction. Howfar these choices in model construction can affect the predicted dynamics of ecological systems and the informationthey provide on their resilience? is the general question that leads the research presented in this thesis. This thesisfocuses on a choice between model formulations that are based on biological mechanisms and describe empiricaldata with the same accuracy. These models are close to each other, so they are expected to predict similar systemdynamics. However, we show through a generic example of predator-prey model that similar formulations of thepredation process can predict qualitatively different system dynamics in term of: (i) number and type of stablestates, and (ii) system response to external disturbance and its potential for recovery. These differences in modelpredictions are explained by a detailed mathematical analysis of the predator-prey model. Next, this model isextended to complex food webs made of tens of species. The complexity of these networks (number of species andinteractions) drives their persistence, whereas their temporal dynamics is strongly affected by the function used tomodel predation. Methods to quantify model sensitivity are also proposed. Finally, we show that if a minimumlevel of biological details is included, predator-prey models are less sensitive to predation formulation. This providea clue to deal with uncertainties in model construction, which are intrinsic to the complexity of natural systems
Книги з теми "Résilience alimentaire"
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Résilience des Moyens D'existence: Réduction des Risques de Catastrophe Pour la Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2013.
Знайти повний текст джерелаFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. L'État de la Sécurité Alimentaire et de la Nutrition Dans le Monde 2017: Renforcer la Résilience Pour Favoriser la Paix et la Sécurité Alimentaire. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2017.
Знайти повний текст джерелаFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. L'État de la Sécurité Alimentaire et de la Nutrition Dans le Monde 2018: Renforcer la Résilience Face Aux Changements Climatiques Pour la Sécurité Alimentaire et la Nutrition. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCovid-19 et le rôle des productions alimentaires locales dans la construction de systèmes alimentaires locaux plus résilients. FAO, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4060/cb1020fr.
Повний текст джерелаVilles et collectivités territoriales en première ligne dans la mise en place de Systèmes Alimentaires Inclusifs et résilients. FAO, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4060/cb0407fr.
Повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Résilience alimentaire"
Tremblay, Sabrina, Danielle Maltais, and Simon Gilbert. "COVID-19 ET RÉSILIENCE D’UN ORGANISME COMMUNAUTAIRE EN SÉCURITÉ ALIMENTAIRE AU SAGUENAY–LAC-SAINT-JEAN." In Pratiques d'intervention sociale et pandémie, 159–76. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2xn16f3.15.
Повний текст джерелаAltieri, Miguel A., C. I. Nicholls, and Nicolas Thommes. "Diffuser l’agroécologie pour la souveraineté et la résilience alimentaires." In Agroécologie, 35–64. Éditions Syllepse, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/syll.cetri.2014.03.0035.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Résilience alimentaire"
Marivoet, Wim, John M. Ulimwengu, and Leysa Maty Sall. Atlas politique de la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle et de la résilience: Burkina Faso. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133785.
Повний текст джерелаGiles Álvarez, Laura, Juan Carlos Vargas-Moreno, Alejandra Mejía, Aastha Patel, and Nerlyne Jean-Baptiste. Une approche spatiale pour analyser l’insécurité alimentaire dans le département du Nord-Ouest d’Haïti. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004589.
Повний текст джерелаLatané, Annah, Jean-Michel Voisard, and Alice Olive Brower. Les réseaux de producteurs du Sénégal font face à la COVID-19. RTI Press, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0045.2106.fr.
Повний текст джерела