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Статті в журналах з теми "Residential building network"
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Kuprys, Algirdas, and Ramūnas Gatautis. "COMPARISON REFURBISHMENT MODELS OF DISTRICT HEATING NETWORKS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 1 (October 24, 2013): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.812576.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The renovation of multi-storey residential buildings reduces heat consumption intensity and decreases heat demand, which may have a harmful effect on a district heating supply system. The paper analyses the heat loss change in four district heating distribution networks (DHNs) of Kaunas at the various scenarios of buildings and DHN renovation stages. A bundle of genetic algorithm software package was used to carry out the districts’ distribution network hydraulic calculations in the case of building renovation without changing the hydrodynamic and network routes. The experimental data were used to calculate heat loss for old and new pipes. The computer data of networks used to summarise the cost of DHN then for the renovation of buildings as well as for renovation progress will go evenly with DHN refurbishment. Network optimization results were summarised by functional dependence. The comparison of the projects’ efficiency was analysed in the following cases: the diameters of pipes of DHN were not changed, new diameters of pipes were integrated partly after partial residential buildings renovation and after a complete renovation of residential building and optimisation of pipeline diameters. The efficiency of separate guidelines of the DHN refurbishment project was summarised by performing sensitivity analysis.
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Wang, Qiu Xia, and Chen Lin. "Energy Consumption Prediction and Monitoring System for Steel Structure Residential Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.553.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Building energy consumption is a large proportion in energy consumption. In order to improve the building energy saving behavior, the building energy consumption prediction should be adopted in practice. Using the expert system to forecast and analyze energy consumption of a steel residential building in the north region, in which the factors: the power saving for buildings and the park electric equipment, heating system control, reclaimed water and solar energy are considered. The network monitoring system is established to realize monitoring energy consumption of buildings and parks. In this case, expert system network monitoring platform can provide managers with energy saving decision-making and environmental parameters and personnel information. Finally, the optimal control for equipments is realized by use of monitoring data.
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Wang, Endong, and Zhigang Shen. "LIFECYCLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION PREDICTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS BY INCORPORATING LONGITUDINAL UNCERTAINTIES." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 19, Supplement_1 (January 9, 2014): S161—S171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.802744.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Accurate prediction of buildings’ lifecycle energy consumption is a critical part in lifecycle assessment of residential buildings. Longitudinal variations in building conditions, weather conditions and building's service life can cause significant deviation of the prediction from the real lifecycle energy consumption. The objective is to improve the accuracy of lifecycle energy consumption prediction by properly modelling the longitudinal variations in residential energy consumption model using Markov chain based stochastic approach. A stochastic Markov model considering longitudinal uncertainties in building condition, degree days, and service life is developed: 1) Building's service life is estimated through Markov deterioration curve derived from actual building condition data; 2) Neural Network is used to project periodic energy consumption distribution for each joint energy state of building condition and temperature state; 3) Lifecycle energy consumption is aggregated based on Markov process and the state probability. A case study on predicting lifecycle energy consumption of a residential building is presented using the proposed model and the result is compared to that of a traditional deterministic model and three years’ measured annual energy consumptions. It shows that the former model generates much narrower distribution than the latter model when compared to the measured data, which indicates improved result.
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Xiao, Ziwei, Jiaqi Yuan, Wenjie Gang, Chong Zhang, and Xinhua Xu. "A NILM method for cooling load disaggregation based on artificial neural network." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 05020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911105020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The demand of building energy management has increased due to high energy saving potentials. Load monitor and disaggregation can provide useful information for building energy management systems with detailed and individual loads of the building, so corresponding energy efficient measures can be taken to reduce the energy consumption of buildings. The technique is investigated widely in residential buildings known as Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). However, relevant studies are not sufficient for non-residential buildings, especially for the cooling loads. This paper proposes a NILM method for cooling load disaggregation using artificial neural network. The cooling load is disaggregated into four categories: building envelope load, occupant load, equipment load and fresh air load. Two approaches are used to realize the load disaggregation: one is based on the Fourier transfer of the cooling loads, the other takes the cooling load, dry-bulb temperature and humidity of outdoor air, and time as inputs. By implementing the methods in a metro station, the performance of the proposed method can be obtained. Results show that both approaches can realize the load disaggregation accurately, with a RMSE less than 11.2. The second approach is recommended with a higher accuracy.
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Malinowski, Pawel, Iwona Polarczyk, and Jerzy Piotrowski. "NEURAL MODEL OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AIR INFILTRATION PROCESS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2006.9636377.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For the needs of this paper, certain area of issues associated with the infiltration process and neural networks were selected. In the scope of infiltration process, the measurements and analysis of air infiltration through the buildings have shown how difficult this process is in terms of strict mathematical models formulation. In the scope of neural networks, attention was given to multi‐layer perceptrons and systems composed of them. It must be noted that, due to the novelty of this method, a detailed description of the neuron network theory was presented in this paper as well as a thorough discussion of the neuron modelling process. The work was carried out in two stages, with the first stage covering the development of detailed methodology for the construction of neural model and the second stage in which a developed methodology was applied to modelling real objects.
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Rong, Yuan Xiao. "Information System Design of High Residential Wall Advertising." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2693.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The emergence of the network as the carrier with new media technology, network media to become a major new media in modern society, the network media encompasses all manifestations of traditional media and the characteristics of the aid of computers and networks to provide users with text, graphics, sound, and impact of integrated services such as data, this paper mainly from the perspective of digital information transmission methods discussed high-rise building wall advertising design.
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Yang, Xiaodong, Jiayu Zhang, and Xianbo Zhao. "Factors Affecting Green Residential Building Development: Social Network Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10051389.
Повний текст джерела
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Ozola, Silvija. "LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AND PLANNING DEVELOPMENT OF LIEPAJA “NEW WORLD” AND THE LAKE TOSMARE SHORE TILL WORLD WAR II." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 25, 2018): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol4.3422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Russian Army Headquarters and Maritime Fleet planned to build a sea and land fortress, and Major General Ivan Alfred McDonald developed a project on August 30, 1892. Near Naval Port and the Lake Tosmare Apparent Heir’s Grove and residential buildings with streets were built. Residential buildings were built in “New World” – land between Romny Railway and Grobin Highway. In Liepaja 1922 administrative border plan development was started to include the Lake Liepaja’s northern part into the urban territory. Low-rise residential buildings of Aspazija’s (former Apparent Heir’s) Grove were supplemented. Research issue – building structure and development of residential buildings of Libava Maritime fortress territory has been studied insufficiently. Novelty characteristics – low-rise residential buildings’ construction and street network of Apparent Heir’s Grove has been analysed. Research goal – analyse “New World” and low-rise residential building and planning of the Lake Tosmare surroundings till World War II. Principal research methods – planning and construction observation in nature, archive and cartographic material analysis. Brief description of research outcomes: fortress built on the Baltic Seacoast affected further development of the territory. Nowadays development of qualitative architectonic space without historical development analysis is impossible.
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Generalov, V. P., and E. M. Generalova. "Potential of Buildings Creating High-Quality Urban Environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/4/042086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The study deals with the problem of creating high-quality comfortable residential urban environment with the inclusion of residential buildings that have different space-planning structure. The analysis of objects built both in the middle of the last century and in the last 20-30 years is carried out. The research provides comparative assessment of these buildings and complexes that have a developed network of service functions in their structure. As a result, these buildings and complexes have a more significant impact on the creation of high-quality comfortable living environment. Due to the different impact of a building on the living environment, the authors propose to introduce such a concept as «typological potential of a building». Depending upon the impact on comfort and quality of the environment there are residential buildings with «negative», «zero», «small», «medium», «above-average» and «high potential».
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Lee, Kisu, Goopyo Hong, Lee Sael, Sanghyo Lee, and Ha Young Kim. "MultiDefectNet: Multi-Class Defect Detection of Building Façade Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 9785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229785.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Defects in residential building façades affect the structural integrity of buildings and degrade external appearances. Defects in a building façade are typically managed using manpower during maintenance. This approach is time-consuming, yields subjective results, and can lead to accidents or casualties. To address this, we propose a building façade monitoring system that utilizes an object detection method based on deep learning to efficiently manage defects by minimizing the involvement of manpower. The dataset used for training a deep-learning-based network contains actual residential building façade images. Various building designs in these raw images make it difficult to detect defects because of their various types and complex backgrounds. We employed the faster regions with convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) structure for more accurate defect detection in such environments, achieving an average precision (intersection over union (IoU) = 0.5) of 62.7% for all types of trained defects. As it is difficult to detect defects in a training environment, it is necessary to improve the performance of the network. However, the object detection network employed in this study yields an excellent performance in complex real-world images, indicating the possibility of developing a system that would detect defects in more types of building façades.
Дисертації з теми "Residential building network"
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Quigley, Ella S. "The energy and thermal performance of UK modular residential buildings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25127.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research concerns the in-use performance of light-gauge steel modular construction used for residential purposes. The aim was to investigate ways to reduce the in-use energy consumption of new buildings, while ensuring thermal comfort. Data were collected from two case study buildings in the UK, one in Loughborough and the other in London, using a variety of methods including building measurement, building monitoring, inspections, and a detailed review of the construction documentation. The case study buildings were monitored using EnOcean enabled wireless sensor networks and standalone temperature sensors. Monitoring data included electricity consumption in individual rooms, often by end use, space heating use, internal temperature and relative humidity, and external temperature. Building measurements included blower door tests to measure fabric air leakage rates, infrared thermal imaging to identify fabric defects and weaknesses, and ventilation system flowrate measurements. Inspections and the review of documentation allowed problems with design, manufacture and construction to be identified. A particular concern for thermally lightweight construction is the risk of overheating, therefore overheating analyses were undertaken. The research identified weaknesses in the design, construction and operation of the case study buildings resulting in increased energy use and poor thermal comfort, particularly overheating. The modular construction studied requires specific design changes to improve the fabric and building services, in order to reduce energy use. There are also specific recommendations for quality control on site to ensure critical stages are correctly completed, such as installing rigid insulation. There are also more general recommendations for how a company operates because this can influence performance; there ought to be greater attention to holistic design and greater collaboration with suppliers and contractors to determine robust solutions. Overheating was a problem in the London case study, and more research is required to understand the scale of the problem. Avoidance of overheating must be a focus in the design of new buildings. The findings suggest that once the problems with the design and quality control on site are rectified, offsite modular construction can be used to consistently and reliably provide low energy homes.
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Рой, Юлія Володимирівна. "Дослідження особливостей створення захищеної персональної інформаційної мережі житлового будинку". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/38563.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Актуальність дослідження. У сучасному світі активно розвиваються мережеві та інформаційні технології. Зараз неможливо в рамках міста знайти будівлю, де б не були розгорнуті підключення до мережі передачі даних на основі технологій Інтернету. Така мережа спрощує і оптимізує велику кількість задач, таких як обмін інформацією, робота над документами, користування програмами, обмін ресурсами та інформацією тощо. В якості такої будівлі доцільно розглянути житловий будинок на визначену кількість квартир. Інформація – це дуже цінний ресурс, тому зловмисники досить часто намагаються отримати доступ до мереж як корпоративних, так і домашніх. Основною причиною впровадження мережевої безпеки є захист мережі та системних ресурсів, підключених до мережі. Інформація в будь-якій формі вважається цінною властивістю мережі, і її втрата чи доступ до неї може коштувати грошей або в гіршому випадку, спричинить катастрофу. Зламування мережі може призвести до різних наслідків: перехоплення даних, зараження шкідливим ПЗ та знищенням усієї інформації.
Мета дослідження полягає в пошуку можливостей захисту персональної інформаційної мережі житлового будинку програмно-апаратним комплексом.
Завдання для досягнення мети: проаналізувати особливості проектування захищеної персональної інформаційної мережі, зробити огляд мережевої безпеки(можливі вразливості, загрози та атаки), оцінити методи аналізу загроз та відповідно дослідити можливості рішення щодо усування потенційних загроз мережі.
Об’єкт дослідження: захищена персональна інформаційна мережа житлового будинку.
Предмет дослідження: програмні та програмно апаратні методи захисту персональної інформаційної мережі.
Методи дослідження: алгоритми та методи, які визначені в основі функціонування систем та технологій в рамках захищеної локальної мережі, технології та алгоритми методів захисту локальних мереж.
Наукова новизна отриманих результатів: 1) запропоновані варіанти створення захищеної персональної інформаційної мережі; 2) запропоновано послідовний алгоритм налаштування програмних методів захисту персональної мережі.
Практичне значення одержаних результатів: результати роботи можуть бути використанні при проектуванні домашніх мереж та «будинкових» мереж багатоквартирних будинків.Relevance of research. In the modern world, network and information technologies are actively developing. At present, it is impossible to find a building within the city where connections to the data network based on Internet technologies have not been deployed. This network simplifies and optimizes many tasks, such as information exchange, working on documents, using programs, exchanging resources and information, and more. As such a building, it is advisable to consider a residential building for a certain number of apartments. Information is a very valuable resource, so attackers often try to access both corporate and home networks. The main reason for implementing network security is to protect the network and system resources connected to the network. Information in any form is considered a valuable property of the network, and its loss or access to it can cost money or, in the worst case, cause a catastrophe. Hacking a network can lead to various consequences: data interception, malware infection and destruction of all information. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to network protection, search for vulnerabilities and identify potential threats that could harm the current system and resources. The purpose of the study is to find opportunities to protect the personal information network of a residential building software and hardware. Objectives to achieve the goal: to analyze the features of designing a secure personal information network, to review network security (possible vulnerabilities, threats and attacks), to evaluate methods of threat analysis and, accordingly, to explore the possibility of solving potential threats to the network. Object of study: protected personal information network of a residential building. Subject of study: software and hardware methods of personal information network protection. Research methods algorithms and methods that are defined in the basis of the functioning of systems and technologies within a secure local area network, technologies and algorithms of local area network protection methods. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: 1) proposed options for creating a secure personal information network; 2) a sequential algorithm for configuring software methods for personal network protection is proposed. The practical implications of the findings: the results of the work can be used in the design of home networks and "home" networks of apartment buildings.
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Al, Tarhuni Badr. "Predicting Residential Heating Energy Consumption and Savings Using Neural Network Approach." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1556711496649669.
Повний текст джерела
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Lindblom, Ellen, and Isabelle Almquist. "Data-Driven Predictions of Heating Energy Savings in Residential Buildings." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387395.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Along with the increasing use of intermittent electricity sources, such as wind and sun, comes a growing demand for user flexibility. This has paved the way for a new market of services that provide electricity customers with energy saving solutions. These include a variety of techniques ranging from sophisticated control of the customers’ home equipment to information on how to adjust their consumption behavior in order to save energy. This master thesis work contributes further to this field by investigating an additional incentive; predictions of future energy savings related to indoor temperature. Five different machine learning models have been tuned and used to predict monthly heating energy consumption for a given set of homes. The model tuning process and performance evaluation were performed using 10-fold cross validation. The best performing model was then used to predict how much heating energy each individual household could save by decreasing their indoor temperature by 1°C during the heating season. The highest prediction accuracy (of about 78%) is achieved with support vector regression (SVR), closely followed by neural networks (NN). The simpler regression models that have been implemented are, however, not far behind. According to the SVR model, the average household is expected to lower their heating energy consumption by approximately 3% if the indoor temperature is decreased by 1°C.
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Grott, Steven, David Lecko, Ryan Parker, and Nathan Price. "Telemetry System for Remote Monitoring of Utility Usage in Commercial and Residential Structures." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581677.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe system described in this paper can monitor utility usage in commercial and residential structures, and send an alert message over conventional cell phone networks when it detects an anomalous condition. Such a condition could indicate a utility outage, structure failure, HVAC system failure, water leak, etc. The microcontroller-based system can measure electrical current, carbon monoxide, methane, liquid propane, temperature, barometric pressure, and altitude using a wired and wireless sensor network. The microcontroller displays the measurements on local and external graphical user interface, and sends SMS alert messages when necessary. The system may be retrofitted into existing structures.
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Foth, Marcus. "Towards a design methodology to support social networks of residents in inner-city apartment buildings." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16655/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This PhD study is at the intersection of people, place and technology and pioneers innovative development approaches towards interactive social networking systems informed by community, social and urban studies and employs human-centred and participatory design methods.
The project delivers a greater understanding of the potential for internet-based systems to support and facilitate social networks of urban residents and the role of those networks to foster neighbourhood identity and social capital. Departing from conventional notions that regard communities as collectives, this study builds upon more contemporary interpretations of community inherent in Castells’ and Wellman’s theories of the network society and networked individualism. The thesis challenges the view that a mere re-appropriation of applications used to support dispersed virtual communities of interest is adequate to meet the place and proximity-based design requirements that community networks in urban neighbourhoods pose.
The overarching principal research aim of the study is to propose new ways of conceptualising the roles of social networks of urban residents to better inform the design of new technology facilitating urban neighbourhood developments.
Addressing this aim requires a new understanding of the roles of social networks of urban residents. The study sets out to critique the implicit theories underlying technology design in this area and to propose a more appropriate theory based on recent developments in the field and empirical findings from the study. The key research questions are:
1. What theoretical model can better represent social interaction of residents in inner-city apartment buildings?
2. How can relevant research methods be adapted to take the network qualities of social interactions into account?
3. What are the implications of a new understanding of social networks for the design of technology that supports the growth of neighbourhoods?
4. What are the implications of a new understanding of social networks for an urban architecture that supports the growth of neighbourhoods?
Within a framework of action research, the study follows a case study approach of three different inner-city residential apartment complexes in Brisbane. Research methods are mostly qualitative and ethnographic and include surveys, focus groups, participant observation and interviews, as well as participatory design.
The study delivers innovative outcomes on three levels:
1. Theoretical innovation with an analytical translation of Wellman’s notion of networked individualism and a conceptualisation of the communicative ecology model into the context of system design that supports social networks of residents in inner-city apartment buildings;
2. Methodological innovation with the presentation of Network Action Research, an addition to the action research family which pays particular attention to the network quality of social formations in communities;
3. Empirical innovation with research findings which indicate that the key factors influencing the successful design and uptake of interactive systems to support social networks in urban neighbourhoods. They include the swarming social behaviour of urban dwellers, the dynamics of their existing communicative ecology, and the serendipitous, voluntary and place-based quality of interaction between residents on the basis of choice, like-mindedness, mutual interest and support needs. Findings are presented in three parts to audiences interested in people, technology and place.
Drawing on social, urban and computer sciences, this research project delivers insights which will assist efforts to facilitate urban neighbourhood community building with new media and network ICTs. Understanding the issues and challenges as well as opportunities and strengths in forming a local meshwork of social networks will help Australians negotiate the complex web of daily choices, access a greater social safety net, and participate in the socio-cultural and socio-economic life of their city. This in turn will contribute to greater social inclusion, urban sustainability and healthier local economies.
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Delorme-Costil, Alexandra. "Modèles prédictifs et adaptatifs pour la gestion énergétique du bâtiment résidentiel individuel : réseaux de neurones artificiels basés sur les données usuellement disponibles." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018EMAC0020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'utilisation de régulation prédictive permet de diminuer la consommation d'énergie des bâtiments résidentiels sans diminuer le confort de l'habitant. C'est dans ce but que la société BoostHeat développe une chaudière thermodynamique à grande efficacité énergétique. La production simultanée de l'eau chaude sanitaire (ECS) et du chauffage permet de nombreuses stratégies de régulation pour en optimiser les performances. L'utilisation de régulations prédictives permet d'anticiper les besoins énergétiques, de prendre en compte l'impact de l'inertie du bâtiment sur la température intérieure et ainsi de faire des choix de gestion de productions minimisant la consommation énergétique. Les modèles utilisés aujourd'hui dans les régulations prédictives sont contraignants. En effet, ces modèles nécessitent de grandes quantités de données, soit sur un échantillon représentatif de bâtiments, soit sur chaque bâtiment modélisé. Ils peuvent également avoir besoin d'études détaillées sur le bâtiment, les occupants et leurs habitudes de consommation. Afin de permettre à la société BoostHeat d'utiliser une régulation prédictive sur sa chaudière sans passer par une étape complexe de modélisation à chaque installation de chaudière, nous proposons des modèles adaptatifs utilisant les informations communément disponibles sur une installation classique. Nous choisissons de développer des réseaux de neurones artificiels pour la prédiction d'une part des consommations d'ECS et d'autre part de la température intérieure du bâtiment. Les réseaux de neurones artificiels sont déjà utilisés pour modéliser les consommations énergétiques d'un bâtiment spécifique, cependant nos modèles sont génériques et s'adaptent automatiquement au bâtiment dans lequel la chaudière est installée. Plusieurs modèles sont développés afin d'étudier l'impact du choix des entrées, des quantités de données d'apprentissage et de l'architecture du réseau de neurones artificiels sur la qualité de la prédiction. Les modèles de prédiction de consommation d'ECS ainsi réalisés sont testés sur trois cas expérimentaux alors que les modèles de prédiction de température intérieure sont testés sur deux cas expérimentaux et cent-vingt cas simulés. Cela permet de tester leur adaptation à l'ensemble du parc immobilier français. Nous montrons, pour la prédiction de consommation d'ECS comme pour la prédiction de température intérieure, que deux semaines de données collectées suffisent à une bonne adaptation des modèles à un cas spécifique. Le modèle le plus performant pour la prédiction de consommation d'eau chaude sanitaire a uniquement besoin des consommations des instants précédents. Le modèle de prédiction de température intérieure a de meilleures performances sur les bâtiments les moins isolés. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs pour l'application des régulations prédictives à grande échelleThe use of predictive control permits to reduce the energy consumption of residential buildings without reducing the comfort of the inhabitant. The company BoostHeat develops a thermodynamic furnace with high energy efficiency for this purpose. Simultaneous production of domestic hot water (DHW) and heating allows many control strategies to optimize performance. The use of predictive controls makes it possible to anticipate energy needs, to take into account the impact of building inertia on indoor temperature and thus to make production management choices that minimize energy consumption. The models used today in predictive controls are binding. Indeed, these models require large amounts of data, either on a representative sample of buildings or on each modeled building. They may also need detailed studies of the building, the occupants and their consumption practices. In order to allow BoostHeat to use predictive control without going through a complex modeling step at every furnace installation, we propose adaptive models using information commonly available on a typical installation. We choose to develop artificial neural networks for the prediction on the one hand of the consumptions of DHW and on the other hand of the ambiant temperature of the building. Artificial neural networks are already used to model the energy consumption of a specific building, however our models are generic and automatically adapt to the building in which the furnace is installed. Many models are developed to study the impact of the choice of inputs, amounts of learning data and artificial neural network architecture on the accuracy of prediction. The DHW consumption prediction models are tested on three experimental cases while the indoor temperature prediction models are tested on two experimental cases and one hundred and twenty simulated cases. This makes it possible to test their adaptation to the entire French housing stock. We show, for the prediction of DHW consumption as for the indoor temperature prediction, that two weeks of collected data are sufficient for a good adaptation of the models to a specific case. The most efficient model for the prediction of domestic hot water consumption only needs the consumptions of the previous instants. The indoor temperature prediction model performs better on less isolated buildings. The results obtained are promising for the application of predictive controls on a large scale
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Ramadhani, Umar Hanif. "Uncertainty and correlation modeling for load flow analysis of future electricity distribution systems : Probabilistic modeling of low voltage networks with residential photovoltaic generation and electric vehicle charging." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434951.
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The penetration of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicles (EVs) continues to grow and is predicted to claim a vital share of the future energy mix. It poses new challenges in the built environment, as both PV systems and EVs are widely dispersed in the electricity distribution system. One of the vital tools for analyzing these challenges is load flow analysis, which provides insights on power system performance. Traditionally, for simplicity, load flow analysis utilizes deterministic approaches and neglecting correlation between units in the system. However, the growth of distributed PV systems and EVs increases the uncertainties and correlations in the power system and, hence, probabilistic methods are more appropriate. This thesis contributes to the knowledge of how uncertainty and correlation models can improve the quality of load flow analysis for electricity distribution systems with large numbers of residential PV systems and EVs. The thesis starts with an introduction to probabilistic load flow analysis of future electricity distribution systems. Uncertainties and correlation models are explained, as well as two energy management system strategies: EV smart charging and PV curtailment. The probabilistic impact of these energy management systems in the electricity distribution system has been assessed through a comparison of allocation methods and correlation analysis of the two technologies. The results indicate that these energy management system schemes improve the electricity distribution system performance. Furthermore, an increase in correlations between nodes is also observed due to these schemes. The results also indicate that the concentrated allocation has more severe impacts, in particular at lower penetration levels. Combined PV-EV hosting capacity assessment shows that a combination of EV smart charging with PV curtailment in all buildings can further improve the voltage profile and increase the hosting capacity. The smart charging scheme also increased the PV hosting capacity slightly. The slight correlation between PV and EV hosting capacity shows that combined hosting capacity analysis of PV systems and EVs is beneficial and is suggested to be done in one framework. Overall, this thesis concludes that an improvement of uncertainty and correlation modeling is vital in probabilistic load flow analysis of future electricity distribution systems.
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Gabriel, Jan. "Obytný soubor Nový Žižkov - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392137.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the elaboration of a construction technological project for the construction of a residential complex Nový Žižkov in Poděbrady, where I will focus on the technological stage of the gross building of the main building SO-01 apartment building – section BI+BII (56 dwelling units). The supporting system of the building is composed of a combination of monolithic reinforced concrete structures and ceramic blocks. The foundation of a residential building is designed as a reinforced concrete basin with reinforcing ribs. The diploma thesis contains a text and attachment part.
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Tan, Pei-Shan, and 譚沛珊. "Using Network Data Envelopment Analysis to Assess the Performance of Residential Building Management." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43735563684051258913.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
營建與物業管理研究所
100
With the development of urban and economic growth trends, commercial office buildings, department stores, apartment buildings and residential buildings are getting more and more community oriented. The management of apartment buildings is increasing attention. Apartment building management companies on the field of residential case must demonstrate the efficient management, to improve and enhance the company''s management performance. Using network data envelopment analysis (Network DEA) and existing data, this study develops a three-phase based residential building operational performance assessment model and use it to assess the operational efficiency of 26 cases to obtain the performance index of cases and dimensions. The assessment results can be referred by the property management firm to establish its operation strategy and improvement. It is found that the model is equipped with three dimensions (with its weight) named staff quality (0.26), customer satisfaction (0.35) and operational efficiency (0.39) respectively. Among the various dimensions, the top three efficient cases are differentiated as: staff quality- B1, A2, A7; customer satisfaction- A8, A2, B1; operational efficiency- B1, C7, D5. Worthy to be referred to, the top three benchmark cases, in terms of overall efficient, are B1, A8, and B6 respectively. The sensitivity analysis is conducted to clarify the evaluation model’s input and output of various dimensions. The slack-based measures and variation rate are used to explain the influence of sensitivity. The slack-based measure is used to calculate the suitable decreasing ratio which is used to adjust non efficiency cases. It is found that A2 (226.67%), D8 (139.37%) and C8 (133.33%) are the top three cases. All of them have more than 100% improvement range. Finally, the study also uses BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix to analyze 26 cases. Several strategies are proposed to improve those inefficient cases: Staff quality dimensions - the main problem is mostly grass-roots labor and more full-service concept, resulting in difficult to improve the overall quality. The study suggests that background and vision investigation for recruit personnel as well as various training on a regular basis are needed. Customer satisfaction dimensions - customer expectations are unable to meet due to the various classes of customers. The management company has to appropriate trade-off to pursuit the interests of most residents. A household response platform (such as FB and community website, etc.), is suggested to improve the views exchange between residents and the management company. Operating performance dimensions – there are lots of business performance influence factors needed to be integrated. Communication with field service personnel and having employees understand company policies are suggested.
Книги з теми "Residential building network"
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Shelander, Andy, and Karm M. Wahab. Architectural Elements: Residential Construction Details on CD-ROM (network version). McGraw-Hill Professional, 2000.
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Imrie, Rob. Concrete Cities. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529220513.001.0001.
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The premise of the book is that building and construction practices are insensitive to the needs of many people, and implicated in the widespread despoliation and degradation of ecological systems and the environment. From the construction of transport networks and major commercial and residential property in rapidly urbanising countries, to the popularisation of self-build and home improvements, we are living in a period of incessant and unprecedented building. Few places are untouched by construction and infrastructure projects that are part of an ideology of building that has little regard to what is needed and, instead, are shaped by political and economic values that regard building and construction as ‘a good thing’. Using examples from around the world, the book identifies the mentalities of construction and building that are failing people and places in many different ways, and calls for radical changes to city living and environments by building less, but better.
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Two-way communications and the residential gateway. Arlington, Va: National Rural Electric Cooperative Assoc., 1998.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Residential building network"
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Ota, Akira, Hiroshi Takahashi, and Toshiyuki Kaneda. "Factor Analysis of Rent Using Space Syntax Measures: Comparative Analysis by Building Use around Shibuya Station." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 237–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8848-8_16.
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AbstractThe determinants of residential, office and commercial rent are each analyzed by taking the 10 min walking distance area around Shibuya Station in Tokyo as the research target area. Conventional physical and quantitative factors such as distance from the nearest station, the width of the frontal road, age of the building, the number of floors, total floor area, contracted floor area, building structure etc. are included in the multiple-regression analysis as well as qualitative factors such as the visible area representing visibility on a main street and the integration value representing street network centrality—easy accessibility from other locations such as any intersection points—based on the space syntax measures (SS measures) used in the analysis by Jake Desyllas from University College of London. It is shown that both SS measures affect the rent for all the residential, office and commercial uses with the statistically significant level of 5%. It is quantitatively confirmed that the residential rent increases in a secluded location, and the office and commercial rent rise in a location with high street network centrality and good access, which would suggest that the SS measures are crucial important rent factors for residential, offices, and commercial uses in other places in Japan.
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Baker, Nick V. "Designing Access to Nature for Residential Buildings." In Smart City Networks, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61313-0_1.
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Androšević, Renata, and Damir Androšević. "Designing the Future Residential Buildings with Low Environmental Impact - Case Study Buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 735–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90055-7_59.
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Abizada, Sanan, and Esmira Abiyeva. "Energy Consumption Prediction of Residential Buildings Using Fuzzy Neural Networks." In 13th International Conference on Theory and Application of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing — ICAFS-2018, 507–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04164-9_68.
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Gershon, Richard A. "Intelligent Networking and Business Process Innovation." In Business Information Systems, 1412–24. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-969-9.ch088.
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Today, innovation is much more about much than just developing new products. It is about reinventing business processes and building entirely new markets to meet untapped customer needs. This chapter will examine the subject of business process innovation which involves creating systems and methods for improving organizational performance. Special attention is given to the topic of intelligent networking which represents the combination of software, technology, and electronic pathways that makes business process innovation possible for both large and small organizations alike. A central tenet is that the intelligent network is not one network, but a series of networks designed to enhance world-wide communication for business and residential users. Two very different kinds of intelligent networks are discussed in this chapter. The first involves satellite-to-cable television networking where the emphasis is on program distribution to the end consumer. The second is a supply chain management network where the emphasis is on just-in-time manufacturing. Each of the said networks represents a highly innovative business process and share the common goal of improving organizational performance. The information presented in this chapter is theory-based and supported by a case-study analysis of Home Box Office, Inc. and Dell Computers.
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N., Kapilan, and Vidhya P. "Challenges and Issues of IoT Application in Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning Systems." In Role of IoT in Green Energy Systems, 171–93. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6709-8.ch008.
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The internet of things (IoT) is a system consisting of computing, mechanical, and electronic devices, which are having ability to transfer data in network without human interaction. The sensors used in IoT collect and transfer the data to the cloud, which is further processed using software to perform an action. The IoT is one of the fastest growing industries, and in recent years, it is most widely used in HVAC systems in residential and commercial applications to reduce the energy consumption as building consumes by approximately 40% of total energy. The IoT reduces the energy consumption of the building by optimizing the process variables of HVAC system components, increases life of system components, enhances the comfort of the occupants, and provides remote control of the system. However, there are challenges in data security and privacy, and also there is a lack of IoT platforms specifically oriented towards the proper processing, management, and analysis of such large and diverse data.
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Graff, Rebecca S. "Domesticity and Social Life." In Disposing of Modernity, 82–118. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066493.003.0004.
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This chapter considers domesticity and social life within two “houses”: the fair’s Ohio Building and the Charnley House. It begins with an overview of American ideologies of domesticity and domestic spaces through historical and archaeological accounts. Next discussion moves to the Ohio Building, a small structure from the fair that operated as a sort of clubhouse for tourists. Many conceived of the fair’s quasi-domestic state buildings as domestic because of their non-monumental scale, their intended use as spaces for informal social life, and the cutting-edge sanitary infrastructure, such as toilets, that tourists could experience within them. The chapter turns to a detailed residential history of the Astor Street home, to reveal further interconnections and entanglements of elite social networks in Chicago. Adding to these experiences, a look at the limited documentary record of servants from the Charnley House and the Ohio Building expands upon domestic life, architecturally, materially, and socially.
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Boarnet, Marlon, and Randall C. Crane. "The Trouble with Traffic." In Travel by Design. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195123951.003.0007.
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What about cars is bad? In turn, what should transportation planners do? In the early years of the automobile era, the transportation planner’s job was to develop street and highway networks. Sometimes the thinking was as simple as drawing lines on a map to connect concentrations of trip origins and trip destinations, and then building highways along the path that most closely corresponded to those lines. Air quality problems were not conclusively linked to automobile travel until the 1950s. Issues such as the displacement of persons from residential neighborhoods and the impact on habitat were secondary concerns at best until the 1960s. The primary, almost exclusive, focus during the first decades of the automobile era was to build a street and highway network that could accommodate a new mode of transportation. This began to change by the late 1960s. Planned highway networks neared completion in many cities. At the same time, the broader social costs of transportation became more apparent. Automobile emissions are a major contributor to urban air pollution. Traffic congestion has been a perpetual problem for several decades in most cities. Neighborhoods severed by highway projects often quickly deteriorated. Scholars and policy analysts now ask whether transportation resources are fairly distributed across different segments of society and how transportation access is linked to labor market success. As all of these issues have moved to the fore, transportation planning has increasingly focused on how to manage the social implications of transportation projects. Modern transportation planning now necessarily focuses as much on managing the social costs of travel as on facilitating travel. Because 87 percent of all trips in the United States in 1990 were by private vehicle (mostly cars and light trucks), the social costs of travel are, first and foremost, the social costs of the automobile. Public concerns regarding air quality, congestion, neighborhood stability, and equity gave rise to new regulatory agencies, technological innovations, and legal frameworks for transportation planning. Yet the demand for cleaner, less congested, more fair transportation systems persists. This is the context for the new urban designs. They seek, in large part, to address the social costs of automobile travel.
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Hasan, Mohammad, Rashid Saeed, and Aisha A. Hassan. "Femtocell Network Synchronization." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 180–98. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0092-8.ch010.
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Presently, femtocell technology is emerging for cellular wireless networks, which have rapidly engrossed the cellular industry. The main advantage of femtocell to the mobile operators is a reduction of cost and an improvement of the signal quality in indoor coverage, which is also considered a possible path to the Fixed–Mobile Convergence (FMC) goal. Femtocell extends network coverage and delivers high-quality mobile services inside residential and business buildings through broadband networks (i.e. ADSL). Femtocell Access Points (FAP) or Home Base Stations (HBS) are intended to serve small number of users (i.e. 4 users) and cover about 30-square meters, similar to existing WiFi access points. However, femtocell introduces new challenges to the telecom industries in terms of handoff between femto and microcells, interference management, localization, and synchronization. Among all of these challenges, synchronization is considered as the cornerstone for the femtocells to function properly. The problematic issue in femtocell synchronization is that all the data and control traffic travels through an IP broadband network. The IP broadband network is usually owned and managed by a third party and not by the mobile operator which can complicate the synchronization. Unsynchronized FAPs may cause harmful interference and wrong handover dictions. In this chapter, the authors investigate and overview the current femtocell synchronization techniques and make comparisons between them. Possible improvements and recommendations for each method have been identified. Future research areas and open issues are also discussed.
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Beisaw, April M. "Ruined by the Thirst for Urban Prosperity: Contemporary Archaeology of City Water Systems." In Contemporary Archaeology and the City. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803607.003.0015.
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City residents expect pressurized water to flow from kitchen, bath, and laundry room taps. Access to clean water is a contemporary human necessity, but is it a human right? City water is not free—creating and maintaining urban water systems is a complex engineering process that requires political power; land and labour are necessary to obtain and store water, operate pumping stations, maintain plants for filtration and wastewater treatment, and build out the subsurface pipe network. After initial construction costs have been paid, the efficiency of an entire water system dictates the costs of residential flow. Some cities, like Detroit, have an adjacent freshwater source, in this case the Detroit River, whose water can be pumped, treated, and distributed to residents rather efficiently. Other cities, like New York, have to acquire water from distant sources. Built on an island surrounded by salt water, New York City had to wield significant political power to construct new water sources and transport water from up to 125 miles away. Access to this water allowed the urban development of Manhattan Island while selectively destroying rural communities. New York City began building reservoirs in 1776; today there are nineteen reservoirs and three controlled lakes that hold 550 billion gallons of water. Official statistics on the rural communities sacrificed for this water are only available for the six reservoirs put into service between 1915 and 1955: the Ashokan (1915), Kensico (1915), Schoharie (1926), Roundout (1950), Neversink (1954), and Pepacton (1955) reservoirs. Their construction submerged a total of seventeen villages, and displaced 4,464 living from their land and 8,093 from their graves (BWS 1950: 35, 76). Those whose lands were not taken were left to reconstruct their lives without their long-time neighbours, the fertile valleys they lived in, and the roads, railroads, and unobstructed water ways that once tied communities together and facilitated economic activity. Some residents were unable to adjust and abandoned their lands. A city land acquisition programme is currently purchasing up to an additional 355,000 acres in their watersheds. The goal is to meet pollution control requirements set by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Residential building network"
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Pallonetto, Fabiano, Eleni Mangina, Donal Finn, Fangyijie Wang, and Apache Wang. "A restful API to control a energy plus smart grid-ready residential building." In SenSys '14: The 12th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2674061.2675023.
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Zhao, Zenghua, Song Zhang, and Xuanxuan Wu. "Poster Abstract: GasMon: A Sensor Network System for Residential Building Gas Leak Monitoring." In 2012 IEEE/ACM Third International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccps.2012.56.
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Tiller, Dale K., Gregor P. Henze, Xin Guo, and Clarence E. Waters. "Sensor Networks for Lighting Control." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90269.
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This paper summarizes results from a research program investigating the development and application of sensor networks to lighting control and building energy management. Commercial, industrial and residential buildings often incorporate systems used to determine occupancy, however, current sensor technology and control algorithms limit the effectiveness of these devices in both energy management and security systems. These systems rely on single measurement points to detect occupancy, and as a result there can be significant uncertainty associated with the measurement of occupancy. Long time delay and high detector sensitivity settings compensate for this uncertainty, and as a result, more energy is wasted than if occupancy were more accurately measured. A network of inexpensive occupancy sensors provides a more accurate, reliable and robust occupancy measurement, and is potentially more economical in terms of initial investment and operating costs, than single-point detection systems. We show that it may be possible with a sensor network to reduce the operating time of occupancy-based building systems by an extra 20% (compared to current systems) and that the simple payback periods associated with wireless sensor networks applied in generic small and large commercial buildings may be less than two years.
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Draganova, Vanya Y., Hiroshi Matsumoto, and Kazuyo Tsuzuki. "Energy performance of building fabric – Comparing two types of vernacular residential houses." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF GLOBAL NETWORK FOR INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND AWAM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (IGNITE-AICCE’17): Sustainable Technology And Practice For Infrastructure and Community Resilience. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005768.
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Balážová, Pavla. "GREEN DESIGN AND EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/42.
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"Buildings represent a sector with huge energy consumption. It is necessary to reduce this consumption, therefore green buildings have become a global trend in recent years. Green Building Councils in various countries, which are members of World Green Building Council global network, develop and administer many of the world’s ratings tools. World Green Building Council was founded in 1998. There are four predominate ranking systems: LED, BREEAM, GREEN STAR and CASBEE. Slovak Green Building Council was established in November 2010. The first green building in the Slovak Republic received LEED certification in 2012. In the paper it is referred to about 17 new and in-use green buildings in Slovakia which received in period 2012-2019 LEED or BREEAM certifications. In fact, there are more green buildings in Slovakia, where there is still the huge potential in applying a green concept in the sector of existing residential buildings and the public buildings sector. There is a lack of legislative and financial support instruments for green buildings in Slovakia, which are under the consideration and do not exist in practice. The BBC 1 Plus – Offices in Bratislava, the first certified green office building in Slovakia, which received in 2012 the second-highest certification – LEED Gold, is described and analysed in details. The necessity of improving the education process in the green design and sustainable architecture of students at Faculties of Civil Engineering and Faculties of Architecture is outlined. The plans for how it is possible to achieve it are presented."
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Rasul, Hoshyar, Khuncha Abdalqadir, and Sarko Sleman. "The Role of Green Infrastructure in Achieving Socio-Spatial Dimensions in Housing Sustainability." In مؤتمرات الآداب والعلوم الانسانية والطبيعية. شبكة المؤتمرات العربية, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24897/acn.64.68.29720214.
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Planning sustainable communities is a complex process that addresses the key areas of equitable economic, environmental and social sustainability. Nowadays the sustainable communities became the core objective in the view of building new world facing the multi and various challenges. Socio-spatial dimension represents greenspace networks integration into new development. Protecting and enhancing the existing physical assets are the pillars to achieve this goal. Green infrastructure is a new concept of planning and design that consists primarily of a hybrid hydrological / drainage network, complementing and linking existing green areas with built-in infrastructure that provides ecological functions. Green infrastructure plans apply the basic principles of landscape ecology as well as appropriate solutions for roofing and shading in urban environments, specifically: a multi-scale approach with a clear attention to the pattern, social and spatial relationships, and emphasis on social and environmental interactions. This research focuses on the socio-spatial planning communities in the view point of sustainability, analyzing previous studies, models and applications that illustrate possible spatial configurations of the green infrastructure to support and strengthen social relations with the physical side of the built environment, especially in residential neighbourhoods. The study presents theoretical models to understanding the social sustainability and guidelines for sympathetic the green infrastructure and its impact on achieving socio-spatial sustainability, taking (Sulaimaniyah Heights Residential Complex) in Sulaimaniyah city as a case study of one of the housing complexes that is still under construction, following the analytical quantitative approach methodology. The results show the importance of green infrastructure (GI) to obtain social sustainability through the use of green infrastructure as a tool to achieve socio-spatial sustainability in housing projects in areas with moderate climatic conditions.
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Lee, Ming-Chun, and Manasi Bapat. "Second life of great American parking garages: Exploring the potential of adaptive reuse of urban parking structures in the American cities." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5908.
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The structure of American cities has been greatly influenced and transformed with the onset of the car culture and its ever evolving impacts to the everyday life of American people. The early 1900’s experienced a noticeable growth in the demand and need for automobiles resulting in the increasing need for parking spaces in the city. Eventually, multi-level parking garages were built to suffice this requirement of the ever-growing city. However, increase of parking spaces around urban fringes; raise in gas prices; better public transit options in downtown cores; growing public awareness of reducing automobile dependence in order to address issues of sustainability; advancement in autonomous vehicles and demand-based traffic management, all are making existing parking garages obsolete and useless. The era of designing cities as if car access alone was sufficient appears to have ended. An opportunity lies where the existing underused parking garages can be repurposed into residential, entertainment, or work spaces rather than paying up for demolition and construction costs of an altogether new structure. It can be projected that this technical and architectural retrospection of existing parking garages can prove as a catalyst in resolving existing issues of the city. This paper traces past projects that have attempted to convert existing urban parking garages to other uses in North America. It then analyzes their design and construction approaches and discusses the implications of this type of conversion to the urban form of the areas surrounding these projects. Our initial investigation concludes with an analytical framework that includes the following criteria: type of garage structure; vertical circulation and ramp configuration; material and construction method; floor plan arrangement; size in relation to block and street orientation; surrounding area condition in terms of land use and street network. Furthermore, implications of garage conversion to urban form of surroundings can be examined by these measures: remediation of building façade; alternation in setback between public right of way and building footprint; change in active usage along building frontage.
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Carraretto, Cristian. "The “Virtual Power Plant” Concept: Coordinating the Management of Fuel Cell Clusters." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The fuel cells are interesting energy conversion systems for combined heat and power applications. In particular the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the solid oxide fuel cells are promising alternatives to other distributed solutions for residential uses. This paper analyzes the feasibility of a fuel cell network in a residential area. A set of fuel cells is installed in different buildings of an urban district, to supply thermal and electric energy to the users. When not required in situ, the electric production of the fuel cells is sold to other neighboring users or traded through the grid. By coordinating the production of the various fuel cells, a sort of "virtual" power plant is hence obtained. Different PEM fuel cells are used here to build the network, extended both to commercial and residential buildings. To investigate the profitability of this solution, a non-linear constrained optimization problem is built. The problem consists in optimizing the power output of each fuel cell over a selected period of time, in order to meet the users' demand and maximize the revenues associated with the trade of the residual production. Preliminary results are discussed for different solutions (fuel cell size, user characteristics, etc.) considering the seasonality of the electric and thermal demands.
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Lacrama, Dan L., Florentina A. Pintea, and Marius T. Karnyanszky. "Dimensioning the heating system for residential buildings using neural networks." In 2012 11th Symposium on Neural Network Applications in Electrical Engineering (NEUREL 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/neurel.2012.6420032.
Повний текст джерела
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Jia, Bingyan, Danlin Hou, Liangzhu (Leon) Wang, and Ibrahim Galal Hassan. "Estimation of Room-Level Cooling Energy in Hot/Arid Climate by Machine Learning-Based Approaches." In ASME 2021 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2021-65272.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Building energy models (BEM) are developed for understanding a building’s energy performance. A meta-model of the whole building energy analysis is often used for the BEM calibration and energy prediction. The literature review shows that studies with a focus on the development of room-level meta-models are missing. This study aims to address this research gap through a case study of a residential building with 138 apartments in Doha, Qatar. Five parameters, including cooling setpoint, number of occupants, lighting power density, equipment power density, and interior solar reflectance, are selected as input parameters to create ninety-six different scenarios. Three machine-learning models are used as meta-models to generalize the relationship between cooling energy and the model parameters, including Multiple Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression, and Artificial Neural Networks. The three meta-models’ prediction accuracies are evaluated by the Normalized Mean Bias Error (NMBE), Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Squared Error CV (RMSE), and R square (R2). The results show that the ANN model performs best. A new generic BEM is then established to validate the meta-model. The results indicate that the proposed meta-model is accurate and efficient in predicting the cooling energy in summer and transitional months for a building with a similar floor configuration.