Дисертації з теми "Residential building costs"
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Laestander, Malin. "An economic sustainability comparison between the natural building technique; cob and the conventional technique; concrete for residential buildings in Matagalpa, Nicaragua." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-22507.
Повний текст джерелаDen naturliga byggtekniken cob kan vara ett alternativ till den mer konventionella tekniken betong i Nicaragua. Cob är en jordbaserad byggnadsteknik med låg globaluppvärmningspotential som lämpar sig i det fuktiga klimatet i Nicaragua. Cob består mestadels av; lera, halm, sand och vatten, och kan byggas för hand av oerfaren arbetskraft. Cob-tekniken är relativt lite studerad och den exakta kostnaden är osäker. Syftet med denna studie var därför att tillhandahålla ny information som ska underlätta bedömningen av den ekonomiska hållbarheten och miljöpåverkan hos den naturliga byggtekniken cob i jämförelse med den konventionella tekniken betong. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av en fallstudie av två hus i Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Resultatet visar att cob-tekniken har billiga material som stöder den lokala ekonomin, men kräver mycket arbetskraft och tid jämfört med betongtekniken. Cob-tekniken låter även byggaren att göra huset personligt anpassat, med möbler och finesser efter ägarnas behov. Den potentiella livstiden hos cob är lång, med ett lågt underhållsbehov i jämförelse med betong. Betong har också en större lokal miljöpåverkan, mer CO2-utsläpp och högre externa kostnader. Slutsatsen är således att cob är en mer hållbar teknik att använda för att bygga bostadshus i Matagalpa.
Cob puede servir como un material de construcción alternativo al concreto en Nicaragua. Cob es una técnica de construcción a base de tierra sin quemar con bajo potencial de calentamiento global que se adapta al clima húmedo en Nicaragua. Puede ser construido a mano por personas sin experiencia utilizando materiales tales como; arcilla, paja, arena y agua. La técnica de cob es relativamente poco estudiada y el coste exacto no está claro. El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido por lo tanto proporcionar nueva información que ayudará a evaluar la sostenibilidad económica y el impacto ambiental de los recursos naturales de la técnica de construcción cob en comparación con la técnica convencional de concreto. La tesis fue realizada por un estudio de caso de dos casas en Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Los resultados muestran que la técnica de cob tiene materiales baratos que apoyan la economía local de Nicaragua, pero requiere de mucha fuerza y tiempo de trabajo en comparación con el concreto. La técnica de cob también permite al constructor hacer la casa de manera más personal adaptándola con muebles y detalles, ajustada a las necesidades de los propietarios. El cob tiene también un gran potencial de larga vida con pocas necesidades de mantenimiento en comparación con el concreto. Concreto también tiene un mayor impacto ambiental local, más emisiones de CO2 y el aumento de los costos externos. La conclusión es de este estudio es que la técnica de cob es más sostenible para la construcción de viviendas residenciales en Matagalpa.
Hoxha, Elda. "Sustainability of Building Structures." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Знайти повний текст джерелаJúnior, Hamilton de França Leite. "Sustentabilidade em empreendimentos imobiliários residenciais: avaliação dos custos adicionais para o atendimento dos requisitos de certificação ambiental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3146/tde-22092014-113531/.
Повний текст джерелаAmong several reasons why only one residential real estate development completed by May 2013, has achieved an environmental certification in Brazil, the fact that there are additional costs with the green construction, the certification process and the consultants are the most relevant difficulties for the entrepreneurs to develop sustainable projects. The green premium is a difficulty to build green cited by 82% of the developers who responded to the survey presented in this dissertation. This may be inhibiting the development of sustainable residential real estate projects by the developers of the country. One possible solution to reduce this economic barrier is the identification of aspects that add sustainability to the residential projects and cost the same or less than similar conventional real estate. The objective of this work is to identify the requirements of Aqua certification process (2013, version 2), which did not add additional costs to the referential residential development Reserva Anauá, being built for families with income between 6 and 10 minimum wages, and can be replicated in other projects with similar typology. Thus, entrepreneurs can incorporate up to 193 requirements of this certification to their residential projects, to make them more sustainable, without adding additional costs over conventional developments.
Shi, Xin, and 施歆. "A fuzzy reasoning cost estimation model of sustainable building refurbishment solutions for residential buildings in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208599.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
Wang, Qian. "Toward Industrialized Retrofitting : Accelerating the Transformation of the Residential Building Stock in Sweden." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Installationsteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133994.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20131118
Determan, Kelley Victoria. "Sustainability and residential development : a guide to cost-efficient green building technologies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90013.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-41).
Given the upward trend of global energy consumption in recent decades, it has become imperative that countries reduce the amount of energy used on an annual basis. In America, the residential sector is one of the primary energy consumers, but many homeowners lack reliable information about how to build sustainable homes. This lack comes from the difficulty found in trying to quantify energy savings and costs of different sustainable technologies. Focusing on the commonwealth of Massachusetts, this thesis has compiled costs and energy savings for four different sustainable technologies- geothermal heating, heat recovery ventilation, triple-pane windows and a range of insulation materials. Considering all of these options, an interactive computer code was designed to take in inputs from the user about their home, calculate the energy needs of the home, and optimize the technologies and materials chosen based on a budget given by the user. The final result is a list of insulation choices for the walls, roof and floor of a home, the heating and ventilation systems, and window types for the highest energy savings within the users budget.
by Kelley Victoria Determan.
M. Eng.
Zalejska-Jonsson, Agnieszka. "In the Business of Building Green : The value of low-energy residential buildings from customer and developer perspectives." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-131375.
Повний текст джерелаFokus i detta forskningsprojekt har legat på att undersöka värdet av gröna bostäder ur ett brett perspektiv, dvs både genom att studera byggherrens och de boendes (kundens) synpunkter. I avhandlingen ingår sju uppsatser. Undersökningen av byggherrens synpunkter fokuserades på kostnader och potentiella inkomster (uppsats I och VII). Kundernas åsikter undersöktes på tre olika sätt: vilken effekt energi och miljö faktorer hade på beslut att köpa eller hyra en lägenhet (uppsats V), betalningsvilja för gröna bostäder (uppsats VI) och slutligen de boendes trivsel samt nöjdhet med inomhusmiljön (uppsats II,III och IV). Den första uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka om ökningen av investeringskostnader vid byggande av gröna byggnader kan täckas av framtida energibesparingar och minskning av driftkostnad. Investeringens lönsamhet undersöktes genom att jämföra skillnader i byggkostnader mellan konventionella och gröna bostäder med skillnader i driftskostnader givet olika antaganden om energipriser och räntekrav. Huvudfokus i uppsats VII var också byggkostnader, men denna gång undersöktes hur nya tekniska lösningar påverkar boarea och lönsamhet av energieffektiva bostäder. Genom att konstruera en modell av ett typhus analyserades potentiella ökningar i boarea med nya lösningar och hur detta påverkade lönsamheten i olika geografiska lägen (prisnivåer). Uppsatserna II och IV presenterar resultat från boendeundersökningar. Båda uppsatserna syftar till att undersöka boendes trivsel och nöjdhet med inomhusmiljö samt att testa skillnaden i svar från boende i gröna och konventionella bostäder. Uppsats III fokuserar också på inomhusmiljön, men analysen gjordes på svaren som samlades in under Boverkets projekt BETSI och resultaten är därmed representativa för alla vuxna som bor i flerfamiljshus i Sverige. Uppsats III ger därmed en national kontext för uppsatserna II och IV. Resultaten visar att boende trivs i sina bostäder, men inomhusmiljön har en statistiks signifikanta effekt på allmän nöjdhet faktor.. Resultaten i uppsats V tyder på att energi- och miljöaspekter spelar mindre roll i beslutet att köpa eller hyra en lägenhet. Den synliga informationens tillgänglighet angående byggnadens energi- och miljöprestanda, påverkar kundens intresse för dessa faktorer och därmed indirekt hushållets beslut. Resultaten i uppsats VI pekar på att kunderna, som är intresserade av byggnaders energi och miljö prestanda, är villiga att betala mer för gröna bostäder. I uppsats 6 diskuteras betalningsvilja för låg-energi byggnader och för byggnader med miljöcertifikat samt utvärderas om den angivna betalningsviljan är rationell beslut när man tar hänsyn till nuvärdet av framtida energibesparingar.
QC 20131014
Erdurmus, Salih Bugra. "Benefit-cost Analysis For Retrofitting Of Selected Residential Buildings In Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606817/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаXuan, Yang. "Evaluation of energy performance and cost of different energy saving solutions in residential buildings of China." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32805.
Повний текст джерелаwww.ima.kth.se
Jonsson, Leo. "Energy Audit of the multi- residential buildings at “Sicklaön 124:2” : Calculation of energy- and cost saving measures." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17378.
Повний текст джерелаNaji, Adel Ali. "Data Mining for Accurately Estimating Residential Natural Gas Energy Consumption and Savings Using a Random Forest Approach." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1557422487896673.
Повний текст джерелаБоровський, В. І. "Аналіз конструкцій фундаментів на пикладі проєкту 9-ти поверхового будинку в м. Київ". Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/22746.
Повний текст джерелаМетою наукової роботи є дослідження та порівняння різних методів посилення фундаменту на осідання. У першому розділі наведено основні об’ємно-планувальні рішення, що використані у ході проектування. У другому розділі проекту представлено основні розрахунково конструктивні рішення проекту житлового будинку. Перевірено несучу здатність певних збірних елементів та розраховано конструкцію фундаменту. Третій розділ присвячено організації будівництва. У його складі розроблено календарний графік виконання робіт, будівельний генеральний план, калькуляцію трудових затрат, відомість ресурсів, виконано підбір основних будівельних машин. У четвертому розділі проекту наведено економічні показники проекту, виконано кошторисні розрахунки. П’ятий розділ описує заходи з охорони праці та безпеки у надзвичайних ситуаціях. Тобто, визначено перелік особливо небезпечних місць на будівельному майданчику, наведено заходи із забезпечення пожежної безпеки.
The purpose of scientific work is to study and compare different methods of strengthening the foundation for subsidence. The first section lists the main spatial planning solutions used in the design. The second section of the project presents the main design and construction solutions of the residential building project. The bearing capacity of certain prefabricated elements is checked and the construction of the foundation is calculated. The third section is devoted to the organization of construction. It includes a calendar schedule of works, construction master plan, calculation of labor costs, statement of resources, selection of major construction machinery. The fourth section of the project presents the economic indicators of the project, estimates are made. The fifth section describes occupational safety and health measures. That is, the list of especially dangerous places on a construction site is defined, measures for ensuring fire safety are resulted.
Almutairi, Hamad Hhn. "Low energy air conditioning for hot climates." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/low-energy-air-conditioning-for-hot-climates(8e4fe7e9-c0d0-4bc3-8b81-96ced66331e1).html.
Повний текст джерелаÅström, Oskar, and Max Fröderberg. "Kv. Draken : En studie i kostnadseffektivt byggande." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122587.
Повний текст джерелаThe housing policy conducted over the past two decades has resulted in an increasingly segregated city center in Stockholm. The abolishment of housing subsidies in the 90s led to a historic low rate of construction and an urban development unilaterally directed towards the wealthy. Parallel to this, much of the housing stock has been converted to condominiums which caused many relatively cheap rental apartments in older buildings to disappear from the stock. These are difficult to replace with new housing, as they are more expensive. The core issue is of course that it is expensive to build houses and assuming that the current housing policy will last, it is highly relevant to develop cost-effective construction methods in order to make possible apartments with affordable rents that can help to combat segregation over time. Our proposal consists of a residential building in Stadshagen. The property is divided into two buildings that are linked together by a system of access balconies connected to a stairwell. The houses are constructed with volume elements stacked on a concrete base. The design of the elements is based on shipping containers which provides a rational construction process and a high degree of prefabrication. The base contains an underground entrance, a business premise and common areas for the residents. The apartments are available in three sizes whereof the larger apartments have two floors.
Gustavsson, Sara, and Jönsson Therese. "Gröna bostadsbyggnader : Fastighetsföretags uppfattning av de ekonomiskt positiva faktorerna." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-57006.
Повний текст джерелаGreen buildings help to drive the sustainable development forward, which is needed in the real estate industry due to its major environmental impact. The continued development is characterized by problems such as a lack of awareness and an uncertainty about the economic outcome. The results presented in this study contributes to an increased understanding of how aware real estate companies are, and how they perceive green residential buildings financial impact. The purpose of this study is to illustrate how real estate companies perceive the economically positive factors (rent, vacancy, operating- and maintenance costs, image, indoor environment and risk) which are linked to green buildings. Only a part of the problem area is examined, whereas focus is going to be on the positive factors which frequently appear in previous studies on the subject area. A qualitative method with an deductive approach has been chosen for this essay in order to answer the purpose of the study. Interviews have been conducted with six real estate companies located in Southern Värmland, whom had varied environmental commitment. The questions that was used have been based on identical material and then been partly adapted after each company. The results from the interviews are stated in the empirical compilation and are being analysed in connection to the theoretical framework. Both similarities and differences have been observed. The concludes are that all of the interviewed real estate companies appreciate some of the factors. All of them mention that a long term approach is of relevance despite their varied startup presumption. It has emerged that the reduced operation- and maintenance cost and an improved image are the most appreciated factors. The factor that the real estate companies consider to have least correlance with green buildings is reduced vacancy, which can be due to the current lack of housing.
Larsson, Emelie, and Anton Lydell. "Livscykelanalys och livscykelkostnadsanalys av nyckelfärdiga flerbostadshus : En jämförelse mellan betong- och träkonstruktion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150099.
Повний текст джерелаThe residential sector accounts for more than a third of the energy use in Sweden. To reduce the energy use of buildings is a necessity in order to meet future regulationof maximum allowable energy, but also important to reduce the impact on global warming. Another complexity arising in Sweden is the shortage of accommodation. Municipal housing corporations face the challenge of constructing residences fast, cheap and with concern of environmental effects in order to reduce the shortage of accommodation. One way of assessing two of the three aspects of sustainability when looking at future construction of residential buildings is to carry out a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and a Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA). An LCA can indicate what kind of environmental impact a product causes over its lifetime and the LCC allows for assessing what types of costs are associated with the product. For the municipal housing corporation Stångåstaden AB the shortage of accommodation is a reality and their mindset is sustainable construction of residences. This study was conducted upon request from Stångåstaden who wanted a comparative LCA and LCCA between two prefabricated multi-residential buildings that are available to them through a framework agreement. The first building has a concrete foundation and the second one is made of wood. The houses are planned to be placed at the outskirts of Linköping, Sweden. The focus of this study has been to comparatively assess the environmental impact from the different life cycle phases and the economic costs of the two buildings during a time period of 50 years. Moreover, the thesis also analyze the optimal retrofit strategy for the buildings in order to find the optimal (lowest) life cycle cost. Furthermore, the current literature has conveyed relatively few studies that combine both LCA and LCC methodology for house types that are common in most towns. The result from the LCA indicated that the house with concrete construction had a little less impact in six of the seven studied environmental impact categories compared to the house made of wood. The result differed slightly when the input data were changed. Regarding the LCCA the house made of wood was roughly 20 % more expensive than its concrete counterpart. Changing the input data revealed no difference in the result. With an interest rate of 7,5 % no retrofits were profitable for either building, however reducing the interest rate to half its original value made it cost optimal to increase the floor insulation for the house made of wood. More studies should be conducted to be able to draw general conclusions regarding which construction material that is the most sustainable. This thesis is based on two specific and real cases. The same result could possibly not be expected from other studies comparing buildings with concrete and wood construction.
Balabadhrapatruni, Aswini. "Residential Use of Building Integrated Photo Voltaics." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9443.
Повний текст джерелаHsu, Hsiu-Hsiung, and 許秀雄. "Evaluation Study on Construction Costs and Construction Periods via Different Excavation Methods for High-Rise Buildings —the residential building in Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, as an example." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54378405420187657296.
Повний текст джерела中華大學
營建管理學系碩士在職專班
102
The construction location directly impacts on excavating method and basic structure design. This reaserch hereby takes the tall dwelling buidings in Xinzhuang Dist. Of New Taipei City as examples, aims to review and analyze the overall time and the costs of construction project impacted by the Excavation Method commonly used in the construction industry. In the recent 10 years, the construction industry in New Taipei City has developed flourishingly resulted from the continual completion of transport infrastructure and big advantages such as “Three Direct Links” between China mainland and Taiwan. All the builders in Taiwan are positively hunting for lands and developing to take the preemptive opportunities without exception. Choosing the Excavation Method makes extreme relations to the speed of construction, impact to adjacent buildings, future licenses obtaining and construction completion /closing. Therefore this research takes the issuing numbers of building and user licenses in New Taipei City during the past 10 years to analyze developing status and tendency of real estate, and also takes Excavation Method Bottom-up Method, Up-up Method, Top-down Method currently commonly used by the construction industry to analyze the pros and cons, project durations differences, building cost estimation of each Excavation Method Finally use Arrange Comparison to certify the relations of project durations differences, building cost estimation, and etc. The purpose of this research is to provide a blueprint to the builders to choose suitable Excavation Method efficiently according to constructing floors and basement dimensions in the beginning of each program and get the highest beneficial result from construction completion and closing as scheduled, as quality following the dynamic real estate.
(6632219), Ayushi Hajare. "LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS OF AN ENERGY EFFICIENT RESIDENTIAL UNIT." Thesis, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаThe residential building sector is one of the most energy intensive sectors in today’s civilization. With population growth and a rise in number of homeowners the effect is bound to worsen. A wave of green and sustainable strategies is on the rise hoping to moderate some of the negative effect on the environment. From embracing renewable sources of energy as an alternative to fossil fuels, to improving existing home systems to become more efficient, the construction industry is evolving into becoming more energy conscious. One of the biggest obstacles to this wave is a lack of awareness and a fear of initial costs among contractors, homeowners and clients alike. This research will use Life Cycle Cost Analysis on a varying combination of residential energy systems and the researcher hopes to establish the trade-off between initial investment and long-term benefits. The case being considered is a residence located in Indiana, US. Using past and current utility bills and energy simulation data of different energy consuming systems in the residence over its lifetime, economic models are generated. This research establishes that a combination of passive and active energy conservation measures results in the lowest life cycle cost. The study will be beneficial for further research and as a framework for residential life cycle cost analysis.
Lu, Chao-Ling, and 盧昭伶. "The Model of Life-Cycle Costs of Residential Buildings in Taipei Area." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45939619228247060769.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
92
The objectives of this research are: 1.To investigate and analyze the characteristics of operation cost and utility cost of residential buildings in Taipei area. 2.To establish the life cycle operation cost model of residential buildings in Taipei area. This research conducted interview and questionnaire to collect operate and maintain cost data of 50 apartment buildings and utility cost data of 80 households. Operate and maintain cost of public area in apartment buildings include personnel cost, maintains cost, repairs and renew cost, electricity cost and others cost about buildings. Households’ utility cost include water rate, electronic and gas bills. The research findings are: 1.Operation cost of public area of apartment buildings and related factors: The research shows that the average cost to operate and maintain an apartment building in Taipei area is NT$ 600 thousand per month. The average cost of operating and maintaining a unitary area of public area of apartment buildings is NT$ 261 per month per ping. Operation cost typically includes personnel cost (an average of 63%), maintenance cost (14%), electricity cost (12%), refurbish cost (7%), and other cost (4%). Besides, the regression analysis shows that building age, number of floors, price, and size of public area are important factors related to the operate and maintain cost. 2.Households’ utility cost and related factors: The research shows that the average electricity cost is NT$2981 in a summer month, and NT$ 1939 in a winter month; the average water cost is NT$833 in a summer month, and NT$ 727 in a winter month; the average gas cost is NT$811 in a summer month, and NT$ 992 in a winter month. Besides, the regression analysis shows that size of private area pin is important factor related to the Households’ utility cost.
Liu, Shau-Yu, and 呂紹妤. "An Optimized Analysis on the Cost and carbon emission of Residential Green Building." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50285237234609031625.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
景觀與遊憩碩士學位學程
105
Sustainable Development is an important world trend. Every country promotes sustainable development and energy conservation of green building. The building envelope has a great impact on building, but in the past, designer usually used experience and styling aesthetics to decide the mode of s and building materials, which lacks the systemic assessment method. The majority objects of the related research are office buildings; however, in Taiwan, about 50% are about accommodations. In the green building assessment system of our country, the energy-saving indicator is the essential consideration. In the design of daily energy-saving, the energy-saving of building envelope are the main item. As a result, this research is to investigate the building envelope of accommodations, and directing against the energy consumption of buildings and the carbon emissions of envelope. Through the calculation of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II, NSGA II, under the condition of constructing to meet the standard of the assessment of green building, the best mode of the cost of building materials and the carbon emissions. The research takes an under going building of accommodation in Taichung as an example. Although the original materials of envelope comply with the energy-saving indicator of building envelope, under the condition of meeting the energy-saving of envelope, it reached the configuration plan of decreasing the total cost about 38.7% and 77.8% in total carbon emissions. This objective function mode and constraints can be adjusted for different needs to provide policy makers how to comply with the envelope configuration plan of daily energy-saving indicators in the beginning of designing accommodation building.
Lemos, Bernardo dos Santos Rosa Santos de. "Management Algorithms for Charging Electric Vehicles in Residential Buildings." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83220.
Повний текст джерелаA eletrificação do setor dos transportes irá desempenhar um papel fundamental no futuro de cidades mais inteligentes e mais sustentáveis. Devido à crescente adoção de veículos elétricos (EVs), se o carregamento não for controlado, poderão surgir eventuais problemas na rede elétrica, tal como sobretensões levando a perdas de energia. Assim, torna-se necessário a criação de estratégias de carregamento mais inteligentes.Esta dissertação apresenta um algoritmo inteligente de controlo de carregamento (SCMA) que simula o carregamento de um EV, numa residência, de acordo com as preferências do utilizador, bem como as da rede. Este algoritmo permite ao utilizador poupanças de energia e beneficiam, simultaneamente, a rede elétrica e o ambiente. Para o seu funcionamento, considera-se que a residência em causa tem uma tarifa energética variável no tempo, de hora em hora. Assume-se também que os dados da variação do preço da eletricidade, da previsão de procura e da geração energia renovável são comunicados ao SCMA.Os SCMA foram simulados de acordo com três objetivos: minimizar o custo de carregamento, minimizar o impacto ambiental e suavizar o diagrama de carga. Par tal, os algoritmos priorizam ou os intervalos de tempo com menor custo de eletricidade, aqueles com maior percentagem de energia renovável, ou ainda os que apresentem maior disponibilidade de potência. Depois, os algoritmos foram simulados para vários casos de estudo.Por último, os cenários de carregamento otimizado foram comparados entre eles e com um caso de carregamento não otimizado. O SCMA foi bem sucedido na otimização do carregamento do EV sob todos os objetivos.
The transport electrification will play an important role in future smarter and more sustainable cities. Due to the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), if the charging cycles are not managed, a number of grid related issues, such as overload, could arise, which can lead to power outages. Thus, smarter charging strategies are required.This dissertation presents smart charging management algorithm (SCMA) that simulate the charging of the EV according to the user’s preferences, as well as the grid’s requirements. Such algorithm allows further energy savings to the consumer, whilst benefiting the grid and the environment. It is considered that the residential dwelling is operating under time-varying electricity prices, that change on an hourly basis. This work assumes that electricity pricing variations, the load forecast and the renewable energy generation data are provided to the SCMA.The SCMA was simulated under three objectives: to minimize the charging cost, minimize the environmental impact and to flatten the load profile. In order to do this, the algorithms either prioritize the time slots with the lowest electricity price, or the ones with higher RES share, or the ones with more available power, respectively. Then, the algorithms were tested for a series of case studies.Lastly, the optimized charging scenarios were compared among them and to an unmanaged charging scenario. The SCMA successfully optimized the EV’s charging cycles under any objective. - - - - - -
WU, YUN-ZHEN, and 吳昀臻. "Pushover Analysis of Taiwan's Residential and Commercial Mixed-Use Building with Cost–Benefit Analysis for Seismic Retrofitting." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gt7yzw.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
106
The casualties and economic loss related to private buildings due to the earthquake in Meinong District in Kaohsiung in 2016 reflected the importance of seismic retrofitting projects in such buildings. Under the restrictions of current rules, regulations, and systems, the government has promoted projects for the seismic assessment and retrofitting of structures in the hope of utilizing available resources to encourage people to conduct related evaluation and modification. In 2017, an act to expedite the reconstruction of old and dangerous urban buildings passed all required legislative stages and came into effect, serving as a basis for rules, regulations, and systems related to the demolition and reconstruction of private buildings with structural hazards. However, no law for retrofitting private buildings with structural hazards has been drafted and related design practices and supportive mechanisms are scarce. Therefore, in order to explore the necessity and urgency of the relevant regulations and promotion strategies for seismic assessment and retrofitting of building, and to assist the establishment of the relevant regulations and the promotion mechanism of seismic retrofitting of private building. Pushover analysis on historical building cases was simulated using structural analysis software. Earthquake damage in metropolitan areas was assessed, and the input–output approach to cost–benefit analysis of seismic retrofitting was employed. In addition, software was adopted to simulate cases of seismic retrofitting in buildings, with the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System developed by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering employed to conduct cost analysis on building retrofitting. The cost analysis results of two buildings in this study were compared to the actual costs incurred by building damage due to the earthquake to complete the cost–benefit analysis of the retrofitting projects. Based on former research results, this investigation verifies the relevant regulations and promotion mechanism for seismic assessment and retrofitting of existing buildings. Furthermore, this work also measures the benefits of the simulation for seismic assessment and retrofitting to promote the inspection and repair related tasks of private buildings in domestic area.
Chung, Yeh Chia, and 葉佳宗. "A Simulation Analysis on the Cost of Residential Buildings in Intelligent Green Buildings - A Case Study of DaZhi Development in Zhongshan District, Taipei City." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pcj386.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
建築系建築與都市設計碩士班(碩士在職專班)
105
In a domestic promote environmental protection, energy conservation, ecology, health, green building trends in the domestic collection of residential long been prepared with the normal standard. However, in the vision of the future of home life, the smart residential management seems to have been valued by the community, the past is often criticized green building is not apt to reach the needs of users, and the entire data of the total energy-related data, resulting in many users do not know how to set the residential community to use and purpose, do not even know how to maintain. In the trend of intelligent building, how to use the intelligent management system combines green building, integrating users needs become the trend of the new generation of housing. However, since intelligent green building self-propelled, in the market is flooded by all kinds of technical books, and create a set of intelligent residential green building, you may need to invest a lot of capital cost, intelligent green building issues like presence, perhaps leading to the country built one of the reasons most providers rendering to wait and see. Therefore, this article from the practical cases discussed, the ratio of domestic to clarify the current set of intelligent green building technologies kinds of residential use, as well as the increase in construction costs for analysis. Based on the study, the collection of green building over the past nine indicators, as well as intelligent content analysis as a building of eight indicators, which increases the cost of housing in the past only a collection of green building plan was not a little, and more close to the users needs the part of the study. Discussion from Chapter III green building nine indicators, and intelligent building reached in practice cases were analyzed and summarized; Chapter Four large-South sword collective housing cases, cost intelligent green building technologies and investigate costs, and in the first in five chapters explore the qualified level, copper, silver, gold, diamond, to increase the unit price per ping-cost ratio, and intelligent green building technologies may be applied. Finally, by analyzing the obtained results of the present study is more accurate finish and rich, and look forward to both domestic and foreign construction related also to understand the construction of residential complexes intelligent green buildings mark in Taiwan in terms of cost and technical execution profiles, and follow-up research topics.
Dias, Ana Cláudia Pereira Sousa. "Edifícios residenciais de energia quase - zero: o contributo de energia de origem renovável numa perspetiva de otimização da relação custo - benefício." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/49129.
Повний текст джерелаO setor dos edifícios representa cerca de 40% do total do consumo de energia (União Europeia, 2010). A necessidade de adoção de políticas e o cumprimento de metas para a redução desse consumo tornou-se urgente. Para isso a União Europeia (UE) implementou o conceito de edifícios de energia quase-zero, ou seja, edifícios de baixo consumo energético e consciencializou que para a concretização desses edifícios era imprescindível a utilização de energia renovável, de preferência a disponível localmente. A presente dissertação pretende estudar diferentes edifícios residenciais representativos do parque habitacional português com vista à obtenção do balanço energético nulo. A metodologia adotada neste trabalho tem como objetivo a adição de equipamentos que utilizam ou são geradores de energia de origem renovável ao nível ótimo de rentabilidade, uma vez que a definição nacional de edifícios de energia quase-zero (Decreto-Lei nº 28/2016 de 23 de junho, 2016) assenta nestes pressupostos. O conceito de nível ótimo de rentabilidade estabelece os requisitos mínimos de desempenho energético considerando os custos de ciclo de vida, enquanto o conceito de balanço energético quase nulo implica adicionalmente a utilização de fontes de energia renovável. Assim, com base no relatório nacional relativo ao cálculo dos níveis ótimos de rentabilidade do desempenho energético dos edifícios e seus elementos, para edifícios residenciais, foi possível concluir quais as combinações de medidas/soluções para a envolvente dos edifícios economicamente mais rentáveis, ou seja, quais as soluções de custo ótimo. Adicionando a estas soluções de custo ótimo a utilização de energia de origem renovável, são investigadas as soluções que acrescem o mínimo de custos comparativamente ao nível ótimo de rentabilidade e aproximam-se do balanço energético nulo. A partir dos resultados obtidos é possível concluir, consoante a localização e a época construtiva, quais as soluções, com parte relevante de renováveis, que apresentam um menor custo global e portanto as melhores soluções para cada edifício estudado, fornecendo indicações para o futuro desenvolvimento de edifícios de energia quase-zero.
The building sector represents about 40% of the total energy consumption (European Union, 2010). The need to adopt new policies and to achieve targets for energy consumption reduction has become urgent. Therefore, the European Union (EU) has implemented the concept of nearly zero energy building, i.e., buildings with a high energy performance and that use energy from renewable sources harvested on-site to cover the low energy needs. The following dissertation intends to study different representative residential buildings in the Portuguese housing stock in order to obtain a nearly-zero energy balance. The methodology adopted in this work is based on the addition of systems that use or generate energy from renewable sources to buildings with a cost optimal envelope. This option is based on the current definition of nearly-zero energy building from the Portuguese thermal regulation (Decree-Law nº 28/2016 from June 23rd, 2016). The cost optimal concept establishes the minimum requirements of energy performance considering the life cycle costs, while the nearly zero energy balance concept implies the reduction of energy consumption by using renewable energy sources. So, based on the Portuguese report on the calculation of cost optimal levels of minimum energy performance for residential buildings, it has been possible to investigate which are the most cost-effective measures/solutions, ie, which were the cost optimal solutions. After, renewable energy systems were added in order to investigate which were the most viable solutions, ie, which solutions added minimal costs compared to the cost optimal levels. From the obtained results it can be concluded, depending on the location and construction date, which solutions, with significant part of renewables, have a lower global cost and therefore are the best solutions for each studied building, providing inputs for the future implementation of nearly-zero energy buildings in Portugal.