Дисертації з теми "Réservoir de stockage d'hydrogène"
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Leh, David. "Optimisation du dimensionnement d'un réservoir composite type IV pour stockage très haute pression d'hydrogène." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942731.
Angers, Benjamin. "Simulations de fuites d'hydrogène en provenance d'un réservoir de stockage à haute pression : dispersion et conséquences de l'allumage." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1944/1/000135772.pdf.
Zeaiter, Ali. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement des alliages TiFe dédiés au stockage solide d'hydrogène. : Application à l'amélioration des performances d'un réservoir à hydrures métalliques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD007/document.
He environmental and economic problems caused by the use of petroleum products and the scarcity of these fossil fuels have led to the search for alternative sources of energy, which are renewable and respectful of the environment. Many of these sources are intermittent and require storage solutions. Hydrogen gas appears as a good candidate for this function. The hydrogen element, abundant in nature, has in its gaseous form a calorific value of 140 MJ / kg, i.e. 2.5 times that of gasoline. The 'hydrogen' sector is based on 3 pillars: production, storage, distribution and use. The storage of hydrogen is traditionally carried out by compression, under pressures ranging from a few bars to several hundreds, and by liquefaction at 20 K. The low density of these two types of storage (42 and 70 kgH2 / m3) associated with serious problems of safety and mechanical design, make solid storage in metal alloys particularly relevant for some applications. This solution favors the development of safe, compact design tanks with a high density of 120 kgH2/m3for TiFe alloys, for example. This type of hydride has been retained in this work because it has operating conditions of temperatures and pressures that are relatively close to ambient conditions, and also because it does not contain rare earth elements. The aim of this study is to characterize and model the hydriding/dehydriding behavior of the TiFe0.9Mn0.1 alloy, in order to improve its performance when it is integrated into a storage system. We first tried to characterize the alloy TiFe0.9Mn0.1 in powder form by describing it morphologically, chemically and thermodynamically. Then, two strategies of improvement were tested, the first one based on a mechanical treatment by planetary ball milling, the second considers a thermochemical treatment at given temperature and duration. Both strategies accelerated the process of powder activation, but the planetary ball milling significantly impaired the apparent desorption kinetics. The thermo-chemical treatment did not degrade the equilibrium domains and thus did not have an adverse effect on the reaction kinetics. The two most important parameters of this treatment, temperature and holding time, have been optimized. Other parameters remain to be refined.In addition to this experimental characterization, we have undertaken to describe the hydriding / dehydriding reaction macroscopically. The model allows to account for the thermodynamic response of the hydride within a reservoir. This work presents the results obtained on a tank containing 4 kg of TiFe0.9Mn0.1 powder when different hydrogen loading / unloading scenarios are considered: (i) loading / unloading under constant pressure, (ii) loading / unloading under an initial dose ( Method of Sievert), iii) loading / unloading under inlet or outlet flux of hydrogen. For each scenario, the effect of the coupling with a heat exchange system on the filling / emptying times is analyzed and optimal operating conditions are proposed. Finally, a sensitivity study using the Morris method is presented, and the most influential parameters of the model on the reaction rates are identified. The design of a solid hydrogen storage system requires a good understanding of the macroscopic as well as the microscopic aspects of the hydriding reaction and therefore requires further research to find new directions for improving its performance
Liu, Yuchen. "Synthesis, structural characterization and electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of LaNi5 and La4MgNi19 alloys prepared by mechanical alloying." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCA004.
Today's world is facing the imminent depletion of fossil fuels and serious environmental problems, and it is urgent to find clean and renewable energy sources. Hydrogen energy, as a clean energy source, is a potential candidate. In a hydrogen economy based on hydrogen energy, hydrogen storage is the biggest obstacle limiting its development. Metal hydrides have attracted attention due to their safety and high hydrogen storage properties. The first generation of commercial hydrogen storage alloy LaNi5-based alloy has excellent hydrogen storage performance and has been widely used in various fields. However, due to its low hydrogen storage capacity, it is difficult to meet the requires of the European Union for hydrogen storage materials. Scientists often use a single optimization method, such as element substitution, new synthetic routes, surface optimization, etc. However, few articles report optimization methods that combine the two methods.In this work, first principles were used to screen out the best element Cr to substitute Ni. Mechanical alloying was used to synthesize LaNi5 alloy and LaNi4Cr alloy. The micromorphology and phase composition of different samples produced with different ball milling parameters were characterized by SEM and XRD tests. The hydrogen storage performance of the sample was then tested, and the gaseous hydrogen storage performance and electrochemical performance of the sample were obtained. The hydrogen storage properties of all the above samples are compared with each other, and the results reflect the effectiveness of the combination of mechanical alloying and element substitution methods for the optimization of LaNi5.In addition, another optimization method of LaNi5 alloy was also carried out, that is, combining it with AB2 phase to form La4MgNi19 alloy. A total of 6 sets of parameters with different ball milling times and different precursors were used to synthesize La4MgNi19 alloy. The phase composition and hydrogen storage properties of all samples were obtained and compared with the hydrogen storage properties of LaNi4Cr. The results show that the hydrogen storage performance of La4MgNi19 alloy is better than that of LaNi5 alloy, but slightly worse than that of LaNi4Cr alloy.Finally, with the help of simulation software, the parameters of the LaNi4Cr alloy were introduced into the proven hydrogen storage tank model to explore the performance of this alloy in the hydrogen storage tank. After exploring the effects of different parameters on the hydrogen storage tank, water pipes were added to adjust the heat exchange. The results show that hydrogen storage tanks filled with LaNi4Cr have excellent performance
Roussel, Thomas Julien. "Simulation numérique de répliques de zéolithes en carbone : structures et propriétés d'adsorption en vue d'une application au stockage d'hydrogène." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22029.pdf.
Hydrogen storage is the key issue to envisage this gas as an energy vector in the field of transportation. Porous carbons are materials that are considered as possible candidates. We have studied well-controlled microporous carbon nanostructures, carbonaceous replicas of mesoporous ordered silica materials and zeolites. We realized numerically the atomic nanostructures of the carbon replication of four zeolites : AlPO4-5, silicalite, and Faujasite (FAU and EMT). The faujasite replicas allow nanocasting a new form of carbon cristalline solid made of tetrahedrally or hexagonally interconnected nanotubes. The pore size networks are nanometric giving to these materials optimized hydrogen molecular storage capacities. However, we demonstrate that these new carbon forms are not interesting for a room temperature efficient storage compared to the void space of a classical tank. We showed that doping with alkaline element such as lithium one could store the same quantities at 300 bars than a classical tank at 700 bars. This result is a possible route to achieve interesting performances for on-board docking systems
Tantchou, Yakam Guy. "Modélisation en cyclage-fluage du comportement mécanique d'un liner thermoplastique collapsé utilisé dans les réservoirs de stockage d'hydrogène gazeux." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0018/document.
Hyperbaric hydrogen storage vessels of type IV are encountering success for portable applications of fuel cell. During their use, these cylindric containers undergo repeated fill in/fill out cycles of H2-gaz. Under specific fillout conditions, an emerging detachment between the sealing inner layer (liner) and the composite wall, can be observed. This layer debonding also called collapse may limit the pressure release rate of H2-vessels or increase the residual gas pressure prescribed to avoid collapse.Experimental studies have been conducted by Air Liquide at vessel scale to identify some parameters responsible for the collapse onset. But the high cost of these studies and the complexity of the operating conditions makes the use of numerical tools necessary. That led to a numerical modeling approach. The main goal in the numerical approach is to model the cyclic mechanical response of a collapsed liner under fatigue – creep loadings.In this thesis, the purpose was to develop a mechanical constitutive law able to predict the cyclic deformation of a collapsed liner subjected to hydrogen pressure cycles.The liner was subjected to several environment variations due to: (i) the presence of residual water into the liner after initial hydraulic vessel tests, (ii) the temperature changes caused by the hydrogen compression/expansion, and (iii) the hydrogen diffusion/saturation. So, a preliminary work consisted in investigating the influence of each environmental factor on the polyamide 6 mechanical response. This first step allowed to outline a loading frame at laboratory scale that preserved main characteristics of the collapse phenomenon. Characterization tests on tensile specimens revealed that the liner could be modelled by a non linear viscoelastic law written within the thermodynamic framework of the irreversible processes in small deformations, and coupled with the temperature. Minor changes were introduced to extend the model capacity to capture liner behavior effects during fatigue – creep. These changes had negative impact on the manual method of model calibration, and consequently required to develop a specific identification strategy. The identification performance was assessed in different isothermal frames through stress rate, stress level and temperature effects. Then, the calibrated model was validated by taking temperature gradients into account, firstly on a tensile specimen, secondly within a H2-vessel
Mercadé, Camille. "Modélisation de la dégradation d'un matériau composite carbone-époxy soumis à une sollicitation thermo-mécanique couplée. Application aux réservoirs d'hydrogène de type IV." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0027/document.
Composite materials made of carbon fibres and epoxy resin have remarkable specific properties that make them suitable for large-scale use in many areas where mass savings are required, such as transport. An example is the type IV hydrogen tank in motor vehicles. In the context of the safety of persons, the fire risk must then be considered: when a hydrogen tank undergoes thermal aggression such as a fire, its composite shell is subject to thermal decomposition which, coupled with heat transfers and damage due to mechanical loading, can lead to burst of the structure. To numerically predict the behaviour of tanks subjected to coupled load (thermal and mechanical), a model based on the phenomena having a major impact on the behaviour of the material has been developed. It involves, in a thermodynamic framework, matrix microcracking, fibre failure and fibre/matrix interfaces decohesion as well as delamination and represents the effects of temperature on mechanical properties. To this mechanical damage is added the thermal decomposition due to high temperatures (>350°C). It induces structural changes in the material due to the gasification of the epoxy resin, a change in thermal parameters (which has an influence on heat transfers) and a loss of mechanical properties.At the specimen scale, calculations are carried out to determine the parameters of the different sub-models. This includes initiation criteria and damage evolution laws, reaction parameters for thermal decomposition and thermal parameters (density, thermal capacity and conductivity) for each decomposition state. A method is proposed to determine the key parameters of thermomechanical coupling, namely the influence of thermal decomposition on mechanical behaviour. Fully coupled calculations are also performed to determine the weight of each phenomenon (temperature, thermal decomposition and mechanical damage) on the final failure of the material under fire exposure conditions.At the hyperbaric tank scale, burst pressure predictions, in a fire situation and at room temperature, are carried out. At room temperature, the role of each damage process in the ultimate pressure is evaluated to determine their relative weight in the modelling. Under fire conditions, the time to burst is evaluated when the tank is subjected to different internal pressures. The model is able to correctly predict the transition from a burst mode at high pressure to leak mode at lower pressure due to melting of the liner before the stress level is critical in the composite shell and leads to burst. This approach, implemented at the scale of the tank, therefore makes it possible to establish the sequence of events leading to burst (plies in which damage occurs, temperature field in the composite wall, burst time)
Maiga, Omar. "Caractérisation géologique et géophysique 3D d’un système de réservoirs d’hydrogène naturel : exemple du champ de Bourakèbougou, Mali." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS647.pdf.
In the race to find clean and inexpensive ways to produce hydrogen, the natural hydrogen wells of Bourakèbougou offer a promising solution. Not only has one of them been successfully exploited to generate electricity for the local village, but its current twenty-four wells also provide a unique opportunity for geoscientists to determine the key characteristics of natural hydrogen reservoirs, the nature of the cap rocks, and the various processes involved in its accumulation, migration, and trapping in the rocks. This scientific research presents core, logging, geophysical, and geochemical studies that have been conducted to better characterize the nature of Bourakèbougou's H2 reservoirs. The study of regional geology and the entire area based on drilling data interpretation and bibliographic information was initially carried out. This resulted in a new geological map of the area and a North-South cross-section of the entire basin. Facies analysis and drilling data showed a correlation between stratigraphic wells F1 and F2 drilled in 2011, 100 km north of Bourakèbougou, and the wells in the study area located further to the south. An antiform structure was also identified around Bourakèbougou. All of these data helped validate and provide a coherent sedimentary model for the entire area. To improve the geochronological framework between different events in the area and to characterize the chronological sequence between sediments and intrusions, U/Pb dating was performed on carbonates from Bougou-6, the deepest well, and well F2. The ages obtained for some carbonates were largely influenced by the intrusion of mega-sills of dolerites between 150 and 210 million years ago (Ma). This was confirmed through dating veins derived from the carbonates of the main Bougou-6 reservoir and well F2. The dated veins, especially the one in the main reservoir containing H2, provided an age of approximately 210 Ma, corresponding to the period of magmatism known as the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). Only the dating of a carbonate located at 890m yielded an age that was clearly synchronous with the deposition (620 ± 100 Ma). This age confirmed the Neoproterozoic age of the sediments and established a connection with the Neoproterozoic glaciation event that occurred between 635-710 Ma (Sturtian + Marinoan). Core analyses, well imaging, logging, Rock Eval, and calcimetry revealed that the upper carbonates in which the highest amount of H2 is accumulated mainly consist of dolomitic cap carbonates, and all H2 accumulations are found in karstic cavities (thermokarst). Different Neoproterozoic facies were identified along the sequence, including stromatolites, microbialites, sandstones, and diamictites. The rocks located above the main reservoir, primarily dolerite, were characterized to understand their role in trapping H2. It was found that not only do the dolerites play a significant role in trapping due to their cumulative thickness, but the presence of aquifers can also attenuate H2 migration by slowing it down in its migration towards the surface. The diagraphic analyses, coupled with production data, have revealed that the hydrogen system is a dynamic system that is spontaneously recharged in H2-rich gas at the production timescale, unlike oil and gas reservoir systems. Finally, the analysis of geophysical data provided an understanding of the overall structure of the area and the gas phase geophysical signature
Nguyen, Julien. "Stockage électrochimique d'hydrogène dans le carbure de titane." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/3ef7b178-91cc-4a1d-9d54-d5d078de92db/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4023.pdf.
This work deals with the feasibility of the electrochemical hydrogen insertion into the substoichiometric titanium carbides TiCx (0. 5 ≤ x ≤ 1) obtained by conventional reactive sintering (natural and hot pressing), and under the form of thin films, as obtained by magnetron reactive sputtering. The electrochemical hydrogen insertion in this material strongly depends on several parameters : (i) the elaboration process ; (ii) the crystalline structure ; and (iii) the stoichiometry of the carbide. The carbides TiCx obtained by hot pressing with x lower or equal to 0. 70 present an ordered crystalline structure where the (111) carbon plans are partially empty, allowing the hydrogen insertion into the material. On the contrary, the carbides prepared by reactive sintering at high temperature (2100°C) do not allow the hydrogen insertion whatever the carbide stoichiometry, because of the disorder of the carbon vacancies inside the crystalline structure. Nevertheless, it is possible to order these carbon vacancies by annealing at low temperature (730°C), this treatment rendering again the carbon plans (111) partially empty, and so, allowing the hydrogen to penetrate inside the titanium carbide with a diffusion coeffcient estimated at 1. 2 X 10-13 cm2. S-1 in TiC0. 60. The electrochemical reaction of oxidation of the titanium carbide was also studied, and it is demonstrated that TiC oxidizes into TiO2 accompanied by a CO2 release
Ebrahimiyekta, Alireza. "Characterization of geochemical interactions and migration of hydrogen in sandstone sedimentary formations : application to geological storage." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2016/document.
Underground hydrogen storage has been introduced as storage solution for renewable energy systems as it offers a unique potential to store large amounts of energy, especially in sedimentary formations such as sandstones. However, evaluating the underground hydrogen storage requires a precise knowledge of the hydrodynamic behavior of the fluids and of mineralogical transformations due to the presence of hydrogen that may affect the storage properties. Therefore, this study is consists in three parts: 1- Study of geochemical reactivity of hydrogen in sandstone sedimentary formations: The experimental products bear the mark of only very limited reaction between sandstone minerals and hydrogen. Taken together with the numerical results, this study demonstrates that hydrogen, once injected, can be considered as relatively inert. Overall, our results support the feasibility of hydrogen confinement in geological reservoirs such as sandstones. 2- Study of the migration of hydrogen in sandstone: determination of relative permeability and capillary pressure of hydrogen-water system: To provide quantitative data for the development of underground hydrogen storage, capillary pressures and relative permeabilities of hydrogen-water system have been measured at two potential conditions. The interpretation of the results would suggest that the obtained data are applicable for the entire range of hydrogen storage conditions. Interfacial tensions and contact angles for the hydrogen-water system have been also derived. 3- Numerical simulation of a geological hydrogen storage site: The numerical simulation was performed to characterize the evolution of pure hydrogen storage, by considering the seasonal fluctuation of renewable energy and the effect of hydrogen loses due to the biotic reactions
Langohr, David. "Étude du stockage d'hydrogène par adsorption dans des carbones nanostructurés." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001383.
Langohr, David. "Etude du stockage d'hydrogène par adsorption dans des carbones nanostructurés." Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1249.
El, Kharbachi Abdelouahab. "Etude des réactions complexes en phase solide pour stockage d'hydrogène." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENI010.
Hydrides for solid-state hydrogen storage are one of the future solutions - pollutant free - for the storage and the transport of energy. Among the candidates, LiBH4 was selected considering its high gravimetric hydrogen capacity (up to 13.6 wt.% H2). This material has thermodynamic and kinetic properties insufficiently established to be included in future applications. Its decomposition can be facilitated within the presence of the hydride MgH2. Thus, the composite MgH2-xLiBH4 (0< x< 3.5) reactivated by high energy ball-milling, was studied regarding its microstructural properties and stability of the phases. The desorption reaction of hydrogen, with or without additives, shows the appearance of additional phases accompanying the principal reaction. Heat capacity measurements of LiBH4 revealed the presence of an abnormal behaviour before the polymorphous transition (Ttrs = 386 K), attributed to the increase of crystal defects in agreement with the existence of a hypo-stoichiometric domaine LiBH4-ε observed at higher temperatures. The stability of the three-phase system LiBH4-LiH-B was studied resulting to the principal reaction of decomposition: LiBH4(s,l) → LiH(s) + B(s) + 1,5H2(g). Vapour pressure measurements of LiBH4 showed that H2 is the major component of decomposition with minor species such as B2H6 and BH3. The thermodynamic properties of LiBH4 were critically assessed, gathering the new data with those existing in the literature, in the aim of modelling of reactions occurring in hydride mixtures
Marcotte, Denis. "Conception d'une microsonde pour mesurer la concentration d'hydrogène dans un réservoir d'hydrure métallique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/7316/1/030621775.pdf.
Chabane, Djafar. "Gestion énergétique d'un ensemble réservoir d'hydrogène à hydrure et une pile à combustible PEM." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCA010/document.
This thesis deals with the phenomena inherent in the coupling of a hydrogen storage system based on metal hydrides and a fuel cell. The aim is to develop an optimal flow management law (electrical, fluidic, thermal).A detailed study was carried out on the various means of hydrogen production and the different methods of its storage. A large place is given to the characterization of the hydrides within the reservoir. This work allowed the development of a new characterization method for hydride tanks. The latter was experimentally carried out with charge and discharge processes carried out on three reservoirs containing different hydrides. Given the manufacturer's confidentiality, several data were not accessible experimentally. Thus, a numerical model of the hydride tank was carried out in the multiphysics Comsol environment. In order to model the thermal coupling between the fuel cell and the hydride tank, an OD model in the Matlab Simulink environment of a fuel cell, hydride tank and heat exchanger system was realized. These developments resulted in the proposal and study of two topologies for the management of heat exchanges between the fuel cell and the type AB hydride tank: series topology and parallel topology. In the series topology, the same heat transfer fluid circulates in the reservoir and in the fuel cell, which means that the two components have the same operating temperatures. This can cause difficulties in the operation of the POC which generally requires higher operating temperatures than those of the tank. The parallel topology provides the solution to this problem by offering the possibility of two distinct operating temperatures for the PàC and the tank
Gagnon-Thibault, Évelyne. "Synthèse et caractérisation de matériaux polymères poreux pour le stockage d'hydrogène." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29167/29167.pdf.
Kelouwani, Sousso. "Stratégie de commande d'un système à énergie renouvelable avec stockage d'hydrogène." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2579/1/000694556.pdf.
Bergeron, Guy. "Élaboration par voie liquide de l'intermétallique Mg¦2Ni destiné au stockage d'hydrogène." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62045.pdf.
Veneau, Barros-Carvalho Tania. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation de la décompression d'un réservoir de stockage de propane." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0082.
Botan, Alexandru. "Modélisation moléculaire d'argile en contact avec un réservoir de CO2." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066233.
Charbonnier, Jean. "Etude de deux types d'hydrures métalliques pour le stockage réversible de grandes quantités d'hydrogène." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10016.
The main subject ofthis study is hydrogen storage in two types ofmetal hydrides, from the synthesis of compounds with remarkable properties to the design of a tank prototype. Concerning the body centered cubic aIloys, we first aim at destabilizing the stable a vanadium hydride by modifYing the surroundings atoms of crystallographic sites occupied by hydrogen. Ln a second time, the elaboration of a specific microstructure, including an activating phase and storing matrix, lead us to extremely reactive compounds with a high storage capacity moreover stable while cycling. During the study of the magnesium hydride, we determined the influence and the optimum of MgH2 mechanical aIloying with a transition metal. The best kinetic properties have been obtained using energetic milling through the creation of numerous nucleation sites thanks to additive metal atoms. Ln addition, an upscaling study succeeds in the production of nanostructured MgH2 batches of 1 kg with similar properties compared to l!lboratory samples. . A metal hydride tank prototype for hydrogen storage, with a greatly flexible configuration, has finally been developed and will be the cornerstone of the thermal exchanges study in the tank and in the storing hydrogen compound
Tazi, Mostafa. "Modification du banc d'essai utilisé pour évaluer les performances d'un réservoir d'hydrogène à base d'hydrure métallique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1835/1/030125031.pdf.
Lefèvre, Gauthier. "Propriétés physico-chimiques de nouveaux matériaux en couches minces pour le stockage d'hydrogène." Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0406.
Hydrogen storage is probably the last lock facing the development of fuel cells system.Hydrogen is a non-harmful, non-polluting that can be used as an energy vector, allowing to produce fossil fuel free electricity efficiently and releasing only water.It could trigger the next technological and green revolution, marking the end of environmental concerns related to energy.Hydrogen is the most energetic gas. These double-edged caracteristics makes it attractive and unsafe at the same time. Solid state storage can be seen as a solution in spite of a moderate hydrogen uptake and a poor desorption process.In this context, research of new materials with enhanced physico-chemical properties is desirable and represent the aim of this work.This thesis is an investigation study. On the one hand, with the help of efficient theoretical structural prediction systems, an exploration of the infinite possibilities offered by metal alloys has been performed. On the other hand, pulsed laser deposition of metal thin films has been implemented to make use of its benefits.The present theoretical study has highlighted the influence of external strains on stability and emergence of alloys in numerous binary systems. In addition, a search for potential hydrides was carried out. Informations obtained are encouraging the use of similar prediction schemes in order to identify new systems.From metallic thin films made by pulsed laser ablation, deposition difficulties and disparities in procedures have been put forward. Nonetheless, singular morphologies have been achieved by this process, opening new insights for designing novel materials
Suárez, Santiago Hernán. "Gestion de l'énergie d'un système de piles à combustible alimenté par un réservoir d'hydrogène à hydrure métallique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCA019.
This thesis work is part of the contribution to the scientific and technological advancement of the use of renewable energies based on a PEMFC fuel cell system powered by hydrogen from a metal hydride tank. The first part of the work was devoted to the characterisation of two commercial tanks of this technology with emphasis on their performance degradation. Stochastic methods were used to study the impact of cycling (charge/discharge) on the variation of the tanks' intrinsic parameters. In a second part, the results of this study were implemented through an energy model of the tank developed under the MATLAB /Simulink environment. The model was validated experimentally on a specially designed test bench. The ageing phenomenon was highlighted, providing a significant advance, particularly with a view to the industrialisation of this type of solution. Finally, the thermo-fluidic coupling between the fuel cell and the hydride tank was experimented, modelled and numerically simulated
Charlas, Benoit. "Etude du comportement mécanique d'un hydrure intermétallique utilisé pour le stokage d'hydrogène." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI101/document.
It is harder and harder to find fossil fuels and it becomes therefore more and more expensive. Furthermore the environmental impacts of energy are more and more taken into account. For those reasons new solutions to produce, store, transport energy are currently researched and/or developed. Among those solutions, hydrogen system could be a good solution depending and how its main parts (production, storage, supply and use) are improved.This PhD is relative to hydrogen storage in intermetallic hydride compouds. Hydrogen tanks using these kind of materials have to allow good thermal control of the hydride powder especially because of the exothermicity of the hydriding and endothermicity of the unhydriding reaction. That's why the internal architecture of these vessels are often cellular, the cell walls playing the role of a thermal conductor. If the thermal aspects relative to these tanks are often studied, it is not the case of the mechanical phenomenon induced by the swelling and shrinking of the grains during absorption and desorption of hydrogène by the material. However, the mechanical interaction between the powder and the cell walls could endanger the tank.This PhD consists of two main parts. The first part is a mechanical study of the behavior of a Ti-Cr-V compound while the second is a mechanical modelling and analysis mainly by the Discretes Elements Method (DEM). Thanks to this work the main features and mechanical properties of the hydride (granulometry, matrix compaction, granular flow, powder density …) and their evolution due to cycling were measured. The influence of hydride grains rearrangement induced by hydride breathing were analysed experimentally. It lead to a progressive densification of the powder bed in instrumented cells that resulted in a decrease of porosity and an increase of stresses on cell walls. This effect was reproduced in discrete elements simulations of spherical and clump particles
Roumanie, Marilyne. "Microréacteur pour la catalyse hétérogèneApplications : Stockage d'hydrogène dans les hydrocarbures Filtre pour capteur gaz." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012119.
Tayeh, Toufic. "Composés à base de magnésium pour le stockage et/ou la production délocalisée d'hydrogène." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0011/document.
Hydrogen is a very important energy carrier. Indeed, it is abundant in the combined state and its combustion, very energetic, is non-polluting. However, the safest storage mode of this explosive gas is in the metal hydride form. Among metals, magnesium is one of the most promising one because its high mass capacity storage (7. 6%), low cost and natural abundance. However its kinetics of sorption are slow and its hydride MgH2 is very stable and has a poor thermal conductivity. The objective of this thesis is to resolve most of the weaknesses of magnesium by adding carbon fibers as reinforcement using the ball milling process, a way to ensure a good contact between the two, either by tape casting, a technique to help in the fibers’ orientation, for a maximum of thermal conductivity. We were therefore interested in the study of absorption / desorption kinetics, where an improvement was observed after the addition of carbon by grinding. A study of the thermal conductivity was also interesting, and the material prepared by tape casting, as expected, gave a very good result. On the other hand, we performed some hydrolysis’ tests to produce hydrogen. Having the problem of Mg(OH)2 formation on the surface, that blocks the reaction; different parameters were modified (e. G. PH, T°, particle size, U. S. ), which showed a positive impact on the hydrogen yield and reaction kinetics. Finally, two severe plastic deformation methods: i) cold rolling and ii) ECAP were applied to the TiH2 and MgH2 samples. Both techniques showed a destabilizing power of hydrides and therefore a decrease in the temperature of dehydrogenation. They even showed different behaviors than the mechanical grinding from microstrain and planes orientation point of view
Nikoosokhan, Saeid. "Stockage géologique du dioxyde de carbone dans les veines de charbon : du matériau au réservoir." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00787962.
Santa, Cruz Bustamante Gabriela Victoria. "Contribution à l'étude d'un procédé de transport d'hydrogène dans les hydrocarbures cycliques pour l'industrie automobile." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10244.
Roumanie, Marilyne. "Microréacteur pour la catalyse hétérogène. Applications : Stockage d'hydrogène dans les hydrocarbures. Filtre pour capteur gaz." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EMSE0023.
This manuscript presents the design and the use of silicon microstructured reactor for heterogeneous catalysis and especially for the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane reaction. This reaction enables on one hand to store hydrogen and on the other hand to realise technological developments since it is endothermic and difficult to carry out. By consequence, a new microreactor obtained by DRIE was designed and capped with a Pyrex wafer. It bundles microheaters deposited by screen-printing and a high temperature metallic connection. It comprises either a catalyst coming from microtechnology, Pt film deposited by sputtering or a classic catalyst, platinum supported on alumina. For this last catalyst, the microreactor previously preoxidised is pretraited by oxygen plasma or liquid way so that the deposit to walls. The washcoat could be done in open microreactor by dip coating in the suspension or in closed microreactor under vacuum or by liquid circulation. After catalytic tests realised in a macroreactor, the Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst was chosen to be inserted in the microreactor. The catalytic tests realised in a microreactor coupled with a mass spectrometer let to show the presence of hydrogen. In parallel, the microreactor was used as filter to improve gas sensor selectivity
D'ambra, Florian. "Evaluation du système de stockage de l'hydrogène sous forme de liquide organique transporteur d'hydrogène (LOHC)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. https://thares.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/2023GRALI029.pdf.
Hydrogen is an excellent energy vector to compensate for the intermittence of renewable energies, if it is stored and transported safely at low cost. However, hydrogen possesses a very low-density gas, thus its transport and storage present many challenges, both in terms of the quantity transported and in terms of its containment.A potential answer to these problems consists in using LOHC (Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier) type organic molecules. These are capable of creating covalent bonds with hydrogen, thus improving the safety and handling of hydrogen while maintaining volumetric densities of hydrogen comparable to those of traditional storage systems. Indeed, LOHCs have hydrogen gravimetric densities at room temperature and atmospheric pressure that can be higher than those of 700 bar or cryogenic storage systems while limiting the associated risks. In general, LOHCs are liquid molecules capable of storing and producing hydrogen at a desired location and time through catalytic exothermic hydrogenation and endothermic dehydrogenation reactions. Thus, the transportation of hydrogen consists in transporting a liquid instead of a gas with the dehydrogenation carried out at the point of use of the hydrogen. The hydrogen-poor LOHC is the only by-product of the reaction that can then be reused to store hydrogen again. Nevertheless, the high energy cost to dehydrogenate these molecules is a barrier to the emergence of this technology. This thesis objetcives are therefore to determine new LOHC molecules whose dehydrogenation enthalpy is lower than the dehydrogenation enthalpy of the state of the art N-Ethylcarbazole (50 kJ/mol H2). Then, experimental tests will evaluate the suitability of these molecules for their hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.In this thesis, the viability of potential LOHCs was previously evaluated by calculating their thermodynamic properties by ab-inito Density Functional Theory. The liquid temperature range, gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen densities, synthetic accessibility, and safety were also considered. Although no LOHC potential had a lower enthalpy than N-Ethylcarbazole, these criteria highlighted the interest of previously unstudied bifunctional LOHCs, i.e. LOHC systems whose molecules can store/release hydrogen in/from two different chemical functions such as an aromatic ring/saturated ring and a ketone/alcohol. The performance and reaction mechanisms of the 1-Cyclohexylethanol/Acetophenone couple were evaluated with commercial heterogeneous catalysts in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation batch systems in order to develop suitable reaction conditions for its cycling.Then, the LOHC degradation pathways were identified for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation and the formation of degradation products was related to the different components of the LOHC system. Modification of the carrier, additives and modification of the LOHC structure to Dicyclohexylmethanol/Benzophenone were thus tested to block the degradation pathways.A methodology to regenerate the dehydrated LOHC was also developed. A new couple, Dodecahydrofluoren-9-ol/Fluoren-9-one was suggested due to the increased conversion of Fluorene to Fluoren-9-one under the developed conditions. The effect of regeneration on the LOHC cycling was then tested.Finally, the LOHC Cyclohexylmethanol/Benzylbenzoate couple was studied to highlight the effect of replacing the ketone function with an ester. The effects of the modification on the reactivity and stability of the LOHC couple were rationalized
Sun, Dongyue. "Complexes diimine-dioxime de cobalt pour l'électrocatalyse de production d'hydrogène : étude mécanistique et optimisation par intégration d'un réservoir d'électron." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV062/document.
The production of H2 through sunlight-driven water splitting appears to be a promising solution for our future energy supply. Earth-abundant catalysts should be developed to replace platinum as water splitting catalysts. Bio-inspired cobalt diimine-dioxime complexes have emerged as one of the most versatile series of non-noble metal catalysts. In this work, the mechanism for H2 evolution mediated by this series of catalysts has been reinvestigated, and kinetic information have been determined thanks to recent advancements in electrochemical methodology. Their superior hydrogen evolution performance has been shown through comparative catalytic Tafel plots. Secondly, a synthetic route towards the incorporation of fullerene moieties, as electron reservoirs, in the vicinity of the catalytic center, has been developed. The resulting catalyst has shown improved catalytic activity and has been implemented in an operational H2-evoving photocathode based on organic semi-conductors
Girard, Grégory. "Étude de nouvelles formes de matériaux basés sur le magnésium pour le stockage réversible de grandes quantités d'hydrogène : effet d'addition d'éléments de transition." Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10177.
The aim of this thesis was the principles of activation of MgH2 based materials for fast and reversible hydrogen storage. The relatively high temperature of reaction of hydrogen with magnesium is said a brake for a systematic application in terms of hydrogenstorage. Here, new alloys of Ca-Mg-Ni formula allowing working close to room temperature were characterised. Although weaker storage capacity was realised, it overpasses that of the reference LaNis. If hydrogen sorpion kinetics are commonly improved when exhibiting a fme microstructure up to nanometric crystallites, here an original work was devoted to the use of extrusion ECAP process. Activation of extruded Mg-based alloys was achieved successfully. Ball-milling of MgH2 powders with small amount of selected 3-d transition metals leads to marked improvements of the hydrogen absorptionldesorption kinetics of nanostructured powders. The diffusion mechanism involving the fine interfaces created in PLD deposits allows understanding the so-called catalytic process in a multilayer. Finally, the study of new alloys as synthesized under high-temperature and high-pressure was undertaken to understand the activation at atomic scale but in ternary metastable hydrides
Sáinz-García, Álvaro. "Dynamique de stockage souterrain de gaz : aperçu à partir de modèles numériques de dioxyde de carbone et d'hydrogène." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30187/document.
Climate change mitigation is one of the major challenges of our time. The anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions have continuously increased since industrial revolution leading to global warming. A broad portfolio of mitigation technologies has to be implemented to fulfill international greenhouse gas emissions agreements. Some of them comprises the use of the underground as a storage of various substances. In particular, this thesis addresses the dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) underground storage. Numerical models are a very useful tool to estimate the processes taking place at the subsurface. During this thesis, a solute transport in porous media module and various multiphase flow formulations have been implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics (Comsol, 2016). These numerical tools help to progress in the understanding of the migration and interaction of fluids in porous underground storages. Three models that provide recommendations to improve the efficiency, monitoring and safety of the storages are presented in this manuscript: two in the context of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and one applied to underground hydrogen storage (UHS). Each model focus on a specific research question: Multiphase model on CCS. The efficiency and long-term safety of underground CO2 storage depend on the migration and trapping of the buoyant CO2 plume. The wide range of temporal and spatial scales involved poses challenges in the assessment of the trapping mechanisms and the interaction between them. In this chapter a two-phase dynamic numerical model able to capture the effects of capillarity, dissolution and convective mixing on the plume migration is applied to a syncline-anticline aquifer structure. In anticline aquifers, the slope of the aquifer and the distance of injection to anticline crest determine the gravity current migration and, thus, the trapping mechanisms affecting the CO2. The anticline structure halts the gravity current and promotes free-phase CO2 accumulation beneath the anticline crest, stimulating the onset of convection and, thus, accelerating CO2 dissolution. Variations on the gravity current velocity due to the anticline slope can lead to plume splitting and different free-phase plume depletion time is observed depending on the injection location. Injection at short distances from the anticline crest minimizes the plume extent but retards CO2 immobilization. On the contrary, injection at large distances from anticline crest leads to large plume footprints and the splitting of the free-phase plume. The larger extension yields higher leakage risk than injection close to aquifer tip; however, capillary trapping is greatly enhanced, leading to faster free-phase CO2 immobilization. Reactive transport model on convective mixing in CCS. Dissolution of carbon-dioxide into formation fluids during carbon capture and storage (CCS) can generate an instability with a denser CO2-rich fluid located above the less dense native aquifer fluid. This instability promotes convective mixing, enhancing CO2 dissolution and favouring the storage safety
Bhouri, Maha. "Optimisation des transferts de chaleur dans un système de stockage d'hydrogène à base d'alanate de sodium." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4414/1/030309563.pdf.
Viguier, Françoise. "Ecoulements diphasiques lors de la vidange d'un réservoir de gaz liquéfiés sous pression. Comparaison Eau - CFC11-CFC113." Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844457.
Gondor, Germain. "Pour le stockage de l'hydrogène : Analyse thermodynamique de la formation d'hydrures métalliques et optimisation du remplissage d'un réservoir." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782271.
Bellenot, Grégoire. "Etude de l'influence de la distribution de fluide sur le comportement thermohydraulique d'un réservoir de stockage thermique mono-cuve dual-media." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI065.
In the context of the development of renewable energies and energy recovery, thermal storage is a major topic of research. Amongst promising technologies, one-tank sensible heat storage is an interesting alternative solution to usual two-tanks technologies. The use of a granular porous media, instead of thermocline storages’ free fluid volume, allows to reduce the amount of the often-expensive heat transfer fluid. Few studies exist on the influence of fluid distribution at the inlet and outlet of the porous media over performances of this kind of technology.The bibliographical review of this subject showed that most of experimental and numerical studies on dual-media heat storages are mono-dimensional or regard fluid’s distribution as ideal, which means perpendicular to the overall flow. However, a recent study questions this hypothesis, raising the issue of the potential influence of fluid distribution for an industrial application. Moreover, studied porous media are generally composed of one-sized particles.First, an experimental campaign is carried out. A test facility, using a two-sized particles porous media, is used to realise charge and discharge cycles with monitoring of characteristic physical values. Three fluid distributions are available for the inlet and outlet of high temperature fluid. Collected data give first results on the influence of fluid distribution over this type of storage and direct the next part of this study. The analysis of data also allows to highlight the imperfections of the experimental facility and to search for their causes and consequences.Secondly, the functioning of the one-tank dual-media heat storage is numerically studied. A multidimensional numerical model is developed, taking into account the two-sized particles of the porous media. This model, developed from the study of the relevant literature, especially the previous work from Thermal Storage Laboratory at CEA-LITEN, is based on the solving of thermodynamics’ usual equations, adapted to a porous media. Its specificity is to solve one heat conservation equation for the fluid and one for each of the granular solid phases. The model is validated by comparing its results with these extracted from the previous experimental campaign, with an acceptable agreement.The developed model is used to carry out a theoretical study of the influence of fluid distribution over the behaviour of the storage. Several charge and discharge tests are done, under idealised conditions, on a system representing the experimental facility. Two fluid distributions are compared, one is perfectly spread and the other with a strong centred axial jet. The influence of natural convection and of the augmentation of fluid’s velocity related to distribution are studied by repeating the same tests having modified the physical parameters of the model. The tests link theses physical phenomena to observed behaviours.Lastly, experimental and numerical results are gathered and interpreted in the case of a possible industrial application. In the case where the highlighted impact of fluid distribution would be evaluated high enough, recommendations are given, based on previous results and on a bibliographical review on technical fluid distribution solutions in this type of heat storage
Delhomme, Baptiste. "Couplage d'un réservoir d'hydrure de magnésium avec une source externe de chaleur." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767941.
Truche, Laurent. "Transformations minéralogiques et géochimiques induites par la présence d'hydrogène dans un site de stockage de déchets radioactifs." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439788.
Hosni, Bilel. "Élaboration par mécano-synthèse d'alliages à base Ti-Fe : caractérisation de leurs propriétés de stockage électrochimique d'hydrogène." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCA015.
Hydrogen is the potential solution to make a success of the energy transition of a current system basically based on fossil fuels towards a system friendly to environment. However, the storage of hydrogen is a big challenge that hinders its practical application in different areas.. Metal hydrides can store a large amount of hydrogen reversibly under good conditions (temperature, pressure, safety ...) compared to other storage modes (gaseous and liquid). In addition, these same materials are used as negative electrode in Nickel-Metal Hydride batteriesIn the first part of this thesis, Ti-Fe alloys were synthesized using mechanical alloying (MA) under argon atmosphere at room temperature, with different ball to powder weight ratio and at different milling times. In order to determine the optimal parameters of the elaboration the metallic composite were investigated using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (EDS support), chronopotentiometry, chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry,In the second part, the metallic compounds, TiFe+4%MWNTs, TiFe0.95-xMx, TiFe0.90M0.10 and TiFe0.90Mn0.05V0.05 (x=0.05, 0.15) (M : Mn or V), which are used as the negative electrode material for Ni-MH secondary batteries, were synthesized by mechanical alloying according to optimal parameters, previously determined.The effect of MWNT addition, the Mn and/or V partial substitution for Fe and the excess of titanium on the structural, morphological and electrochemical parameters such as activation, electrochemical discharge capacity, reversibility, cycle life time and hydrogen diffusion coefficient were investigated.The redox properties of the electrodes such as the Nernst potential and the exchange current density were studied based on Stern’s first law and the theoretical model of Bulter-Volmer.The electrochemical properties of studied samples show the best performance for TiFe+4% MWNTs alloy. Indeed, this alloy presents a rapid activation (1st cycle) and a best discharge capacity (266 mAhg-1) with a reversibility remaining unchanged
Boulin, Pierre. "Expérimentation et modélisation du transfert d'hydrogène à travers des argiles de centre de stockage de déchets radioactifs." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0086.
Gases will be generated by corrosion of high radioactive waste containers in deep geological repositories. A gas phase will be generated. Gas pressure will build up and penetrated the geological formation. If gases do not penetrate the geological barrier efficiently, the pressure build up may create a risk of fracturation and of creation of preferential pathways for radionuclide migration. The present work focuses on Callovo-Oxfordian argillites characterisation. An experiment, designed to measure very low permeabilities, was used with hydrogen/helium and analysed using the Dusty Gas Model. Argillites close to saturation have an accessible porosity to gas transfer that is lower than 0,1% to 1% of the porosity. Analysis of the Knudsen effect suggests that this accessible network should be made of 50 nm to 200 nm diameter pores. The permeabilities values were integrated to an ANDRA operating model. The model showed that the maximum pressure expected near the repository would be 83 bar
Boulin, Pierre. "Expérimentation et Modélisation du Transfert d'hydrogène à travers des argiles de centre de stockage de déchets radioactifs." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331826.
Jeandel, Elodie. "Monitoring géochimique par couplage entre les gaz rares et les isotopes du carbon : étude d'un réservoir naturel." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112318.
To limit emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, CO2 geological sequestration appears as a solution in the fight against climate change. The development of reliable monitoring tools to ensure the sustainability and the safety of geological storage is a prerequisite for the implementation of such sites. In this framework, a geochemical method using noble gas and carbon isotopes geochemistry has been tested on natural and industrial analogues. The study of natural analogues from different geological settings showed systematic behaviours of the geochemical parameters, depending on the containment sites, and proving the effectiveness of these tools in terms of leak detection and as tracers of the behaviour of CO2. Moreover, an experience of geochemical tracing on a natural gas storage has demonstrated that it is possible to identify the physical-chemical processes taking place in the reservoir to a human time scale, increasing interest in the proposed tool and providing general informations on its use
Zhao, Weigang. "Synthèse et caractérisation de matériaux carbonés microporeux pour le stokage de l'hydrogène." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0093/document.
This thesis describes the preparation, the characterisation and the performances in terms of hydrogen storage capacity of activated carbons designed for such application. The objective was to develop materials that might be able to meet or approach the storage capacity targeted by the US Department of Energy for 2015, i.e. 5.5 wt. % with respect to the whole storage system. With this aim in view, the researches reported here focused on: (1) investigation and understanding of experimental conditions for preparing such adsorbents; (2) optimization of their porous texture for hydrogen storage; (3) correlations between hydrogen storage capacity and textural parameters (surface area, pore volumes and pore size distributions); (4) investigation of materials doping by nitrogen and metal nanoparticles. Storage capacities of 6.6 % in weight with respect to adsorbent at 77K and 4 MPa on one hand, and of 1 wt. % at 298K and 20 MPa on the other hand, were obtained in the present thesis, among the highest reported so far in the open literature
Shah, Virenkumar. "Propriétés interfaciales contrôlant la sécurité du stockage géologique des gaz acides." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU3015.
Acid gas geological storage is a process under which acid gas (CO2, H2S) is injected in a geological formation and thus stored away from the atmosphere for a long time (hundreds of years). It is a promising process to reduce CO2 atmospheric emissions and an alternative to the transformation of H2S into sulphur by the Claus process. In this process, the acid gas buoyantly rises to the top of the formation and accumulates beneath the caprock, a low permeable medium imbibed with water. This thesis investigates the interfacial properties involved in capillary failure of the caprock: water/acid gas interfacial tension (IFT) and caprock’s water-wettability. It presents the first ever systematic IFT and contact angle measurements under storage conditions (up to 150 bar and 120°C) with H2S-rich acid gases, as well as a model to predict IFTs between water and non-polar or slightly-polar compounds. Water/H2S IFT decreases with increasing pressure and levels off at around 9-10 mN/m at high pressure and temperature (T ≥ 70°C, P > 120 bar). However, wettability alteration due to the presence of dense acid gas is limited in the case of natural and model substrates typically present in the caprock, except in the case of mica, which exhibits pronounced alteration in the presence of H2S. These properties have a strong impact on various quantities of practical interest in geological storage, such as the maximum injection and storage pressure and potential storage capacity of a given formation. These quantities are significantly lowered in the case of H2S-rich gas as compared to CH4 and even CO2; they should be carefully determined when planning an acid gas geological storage operation
Lemembre, Alain. "Evolution par convection naturelle d'une stratification formée de deux couches liquides dans un réservoir cylindrique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0618.
Vidal, Sandrine. "Méthodologie d'interprétation des paramètres réservoir à partir des mesures du monitoring sismique, intégrant l'aspect géomécanique." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066369.
Viguier, Françoise. "Écoulements diphasiques lors de la vidange d'un réservoir de gaz liquéfiés sous pression. Comparaison Eau - CFC11-CFC113." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844457.
Peu, Pascal. "La gestion des effluents d'élevage et la production d'hydrogène sulfuré, cas particulier de la méthanisation." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634913.