Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Réseau intelligent d'énergie"
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Дисертації з теми "Réseau intelligent d'énergie":
Chabaud, Aurélie. "Micro-réseau intelligent pour la gestion des ressources énergétiques." Perpignan, 2014. https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01260201.
Hajar, Khaled. "Coopérative énergétique intelligente." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT028/document.
Currently, energy management strategies in smart grids are mostly limited to the interest of a subsystem. As a general rule, each actor is autonomously managed regardless of whether it is integrated into a nearby power grid. For example, a building energy management system aims to provide the desired level of service to occupants and does not care about its impact on the system unless it has to meet certain constraints.This way of managing can of course lead to a given equilibrium but the resultant will be only a set of optimized subsystems that will rarely lead to an overall optimum in the pocket to which they belong.In view of what has been said above, and in view of a rapidly evolving distribution system architecture; The physical and algorithmic restructuring in physical or virtual sub networks will allow to answer efficiently the problems related to:- Security of supply- Massive integration of renewable energy- The quality of energy- The appearance of new unconventional loads- System servicesIn the literature, aspects of microgrid energy control and management are treated separately, and intelligent network interaction is simply proposed.To meet these challenges, the concept of smart grids has emerged over the last decade. It builds on the capabilities of modern communication systems that enable the continuous flow of data between the players in an intelligent network and the scalable computing capabilities to implement advanced large-scale energy management strategies ladder.This thesis proposes to carry out a systemic study of the control of microgrid which control aims at an optimized management of the energy in connection with a structure of what is commonly called "intelligent network", while optimizing the local power under a model Predictive control (MPC).The MPC stands out among advanced network control strategies for several reasons. Firstly, it makes it possible to easily handle multi-variable systems which are subjected to multiple constraints. Secondly, it is able to anticipate future events by taking into account forecasts (for example, weather forecasts, forecast loads, etc.). For these reasons, part of this thesis is dedicated to MPC algorithms which aim to coordinate optimally a large number of actors in a microgrid (PV, Batteries, Wind, loads ...). The idea is to have a local MPC controller for each microgrid and above it, an MPC management controller coordinator that influences the local controller in such a way that the overall optimality of the intelligent network is respected. The objective of maximizing local consumption of locally produced energy is considered. This objective is a step towards the energy independence of the local microgrids with respect to the main network, which however can intervene to buy the excess power of all microgrids of the cooperative.This thesis was prepared in co-supervision between the Gipsa-Lab of the Grenoble-Alpes University (UGA) and the PREEA of the Lebanese-French University of Technology and Applied Sciences in the application of the PARADISE project.This project aims, through its contributions, to optimize distribution networks that are portable in the presence of a high rate of intermittent production based on renewable energy; And this, by physical architectures and incremental algorithm
Ayari, Baligh. "Analyse du système de chauffage urbain dans une perspective de transformation en un réseau intelligent : application au démonstrateur SUNRISE "Ville intelligente et durable." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10191.
The thesis is part of the SunRise project "Demonstrator of the Smart and Sustainable City", which aim to turn the Campus of the University Lille1 in a demonstrator of the Smart and Sustainable city. The study focuses on the district-heating component. It aims at (i) building an information system on the heating network by the integration of all the information concerning the heating in a Geographic Information System (ii) analyzing the heating consumption. This is the first phase of the construction, of the Smart Heating network. The work involves four parts. The first includes a literature review of works conducted on urban development, energy consumption, district heating technology and its place in the energy consumption. The second part presents the Campus of the University Lille1, which serves as support for the demonstrator SunRise with a particular focus on the heating system (production, transport, heat exchange stations, secondary network), and buildings (heated surfaces, energy efficiency, clustering in geographic or operational areas). Information on the heating system has been integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS). The 3rd part presents the annual consumption of the campus buildings together with a comparison them with their "DPE" (Diagnostic de Performance énergétique). This chapter provides a good understanding of the heating consumption of different buildings of the Campus. The last part presents a detailed analysis of the heat consumption of the building M1. The analysis is performed at different scales: monthly, daily and hourly
Ali, Sadaqat. "Energy management of multi-source DC microgrid systems for residential applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0159.
Compared to the alternating current (AC) electrical grid, the direct current (DC) electrical grid has demonstrated numerous advantages, such as its natural interface with renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage systems, and DC loads. It offers superior efficiency with fewer conversion steps, simpler control without skin effect or reactive power considerations. DC microgrids remain a relatively new technology, and their network architectures, control strategies, and stabilization techniques require significant research efforts. In this context, this thesis focuses on energy management issues in a multi-source DC electrical grid dedicated to residential applications. The DC electrical grid consists of distributed generators (solar panels), a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) with batteries and a supercapacitor (SC), and DC loads interconnected via DC/DC power converters. The primary objective of this research is to develop an advanced energy management strategy (EMS) to enhance the operational efficiency of the system while improving its reliability and sustainability. A hierarchical simulation platform of the DC electrical grid has been developed using MATLAB/Simulink. It comprises two layers with different time scales: a local control layer (time scale of a few seconds to minutes due to converter switching behavior) for controlling local components, and a system-level control layer (time scale of a few days to months with accelerated testing) for long-term validation and performance evaluation of the EMS. In the local control layer, solar panels, batteries, and the supercapacitor have been modeled and controlled separately. Various control modes, such as current control, voltage control, and maximum power point tracking (MPPT), have been implemented. A low-pass filter (LPF) has been applied to divide the total HESS power into low and high frequencies for the batteries and supercapacitor. Different LPF cutoff frequencies for power sharing have also been studied. A combined hybrid bi-level EMS and automatic sizing have been proposed and validated. It mainly covers five operational scenarios, including solar panel production reduction, load reduction, and three scenarios involving HESS control combined with supercapacitor state of charge (SOC) control retention. An objective function that considers both capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating costs (OPEX) has been designed for EMS performance evaluation. The interaction between the HESS and EMS has been jointly studied based on an open dataset of residential electrical consumption profiles covering both summer and winter seasons. Finally, an experimental platform of a multi-source DC electrical grid has been developed to validate the EMS in real-time. It comprises four lithium-ion batteries, a supercapacitor, a programmable DC power supply, a programmable DC load, corresponding DC/DC converters, and a real-time controller (dSPACE/Microlabbox). Accelerated tests have been conducted to verify the proposed EMS in different operational scenarios by integrating real solar panels and load consumption profiles. The hierarchical simulation and experimental DC electrical grid platforms can be generally used to verify and evaluate various EMS
Courchelle, Inès de. "Vers une meilleure utilisation des énergies renouvelables : application à des bâtiments scientifiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30196/document.
The work of this thesis deals with the optimization of energy and computer flows in an intelligent network aiming to supply a data center via renewable energies. In this thesis are treated the problems related to the pooling of energy and computer information in a strong reactivity constraint through the creation of an architecture for an intelligent network. The modeling of such a network must allow the decision making in a dynamic and autonomous way. The objective of this modeling, via an intelligent network, is the optimization of renewable resources in order to reduce the ecological footprint
Dahmane, Yassir. "Gestion d'énergie optimisée étendue véhicules infrastructures." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDN0047.
This PhD thesis is part of the Renault/Centrale Nantes chair on improving the performance of electric vehicles (EV/PHEV). It is dedicated to the problem of the charging management of electric vehicles, using optimization algorithms and smart charging strategies. In this framework, several contributions have been proposed on the topics of smart charging of an EV and the smart energy management of an EV fleet, considering the mobility constraints (desired SOC at the end of the charging and departure time), the temperature of the Li-ion bat teries, the charging infrastructures, and the power grid. On the subject of smart charging of an EV, the contributions focused on the development of embedded algorithms allowing the scheduling of the charging power profile in order to reduce the charging cost. The proposed algorithms take into account the mobility needs of electric vehicle users, and the effect of temperature on the charging power of Li-ion batteries. On the subject of fleet energy management, the contributions focus on centralized algorithms in electric vehicle charging stations. An unidirectional recharging algorithm has been proposed in or der to evaluate the optimal number of electric vehicles to be recharged with a good level of satisfaction of mobility constraints and without any infrastructure reinforcement. The switch to the bidirectional algorithm is due to the exploitation of the V2G functionality, which will allow the participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation. The proposed contributions on the first topic have the advantage of increasing the estimation accuracy of final SOC in very low temperature, and to be embedded on the EV due to the low computational capacity of the algorithms and the speed of execution. On the other hand, the EV fleet charging manage ment algorithms allow the possibility of large-scale integration of electric vehicles on the grid and show the potential of EVs in contributing to the stability of the power grid by offering ancillary services such as frequency regulation. The algorithms and strategies developed have been tested in simulation and will be tested on an EV charging system. The results obtained have highlighted the benefits of smart charg ing on cost reduction and grid benefits and the importance of electric vehicle fleet charging management in the development of grid services
Lefort, Antoine. "A smart grid ready building energy management system based on a hierarchical model predictive control." Thesis, Supélec, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014SUPL0010/document.
Electrical system is under a hard constraint: production and consumption must be equal. The production has to integrate non-controllable energy resources and to consider variability of local productions. While buildings are one of the most important energy consumers, the emergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the building integrates them in smart-grid as important consumer-actor players. Indeed, they have at their disposal various storage capacities: thermal storage, hot-water tank and also electrical battery. In our work we develop an hierarchical and distributed Building Energy Management Systems based on model predictive control in order to enable to shift, to reduce or even to store energy according to grid informations. The anticipation enables to plan the energy consumption in order to optimize the operating cost values, while the hierarchical architecture enables to treat the high resolution problem complexity and the distributed aspect enables to ensure the control modularity bringing adaptability to the controller
Hennane, Youssef. "Réseaux électriques en présence de génération d'énergies distribuée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0183.
Microgrids play an important role in the electrification of rural and remote areas because they can operate in islanded mode without being dependent on the main grid, thus facilitating access to electricity for these areas.Microgrids operating in island mode require high energy and power storage elements to ensure reliable power supply of loads due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. This problem is more difficult to solve in microgrids with simple topologies in which sources and loads are connected to a single common point of connection via power lines (single-PCC microgrids). A solution to ensure a higher availability of energy, with smaller storage elements and therefore lower cost, is the implementation of microgrids with mesh structure topologies with several distributed sources of different natures connected to its different connection points (multi-PCC microgrids). One of the challenges for mesh microgrids is to synchronize and connect all the distributed generators while ensuring "plug and play" functionality and respecting the active and reactive power sharing between the different distributed generation units. The most widely used methods to achieve DG active and reactive power sharing are applied at the primary level of microgrid control and are designed based on "Droop control" approaches. However, most of these methods are only effective in single-PCC microgrids and not in multi-PCC mesh microgrids. Another problem is that using Droop control-based methods to control microgrids at the primary level can cause the microgrid voltage and frequency to deviate from their nominal values, affecting the power quality and proper operation of the microgrid.The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part presents the concept of microgrids and a review of the literature on their control strategies. In the second part, we propose a new nonlinear droop control strategy for distributed generators of mesh microgrids, whether they operate in islanded or grid-connected modes. This strategy ensures the secure synchronization of the distributed sources and the accurate power sharing between them. This strategy allows compensating voltage and frequency deviations of an islanded microgrid by deploying an additional secondary control for each of its generators using a single information on the voltage of a pilot node. This control method also allows a smooth transition from islanded to grid-connected mode without affecting the active and reactive power sharing of its sources during synchronization, as well as the control of active and reactive power exchanged with the main grid in grid-connected mode. The third part proposes a consensus-based distributed nonlinear Droop control for accurate sharing of active and reactive powers between distributed sources as well as for frequency and voltage restoration in reconfigurable islanded mesh microgrids. The controllers for primary and secondary controls are locally adjusted and do not require knowledge of the microgrid structure. The efficiency of the proposed controls proposed in this thesis as well as their robustness are proved by simulation using Simscape and are validated by HIL tests. Also, the stability of the systems is studied based on the developed mathematical model of two different mesh microgrids controlled by both proposed distributed controls
Gladkikh, Egor. "Optimisation de l'architecture des réseaux de distribution d'énergie électrique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT055/document.
To cope with the changes in the energy landscape, electrical distribution networks are submitted to operational requirements in order to guarantee reliability indices. In the coming years, big investments are planned for the construction of flexible, consistent and effective electrical networks, based on the new architectures, innovative technical solutions and in response to the development of renewable energy. Taking into account the industrial needs of the development of future distribution networks, we propose in this thesis an approach based on the graph theory and combinatorial optimization for the design of new architectures for distribution networks. Our approach is to study the general problem of finding an optimal architecture which respects a set of topological (redundancy) and electrical (maximum current, voltage plan) constraints according to precise optimization criteria: minimization of operating cost (OPEX) and minimization of investment (CAPEX). Thus, the two families of combinatorial problems (and their relaxations) were explored to propose effective resolutions (exact or approximate) of the distribution network planning problem using an adapted formulation. We are particularly interested in 2-connected graphs and the arborescent flow problem with minimum quadratic losses. The comparative results of tests on the network instances (fictional and real) for the proposed methods were presented
Le, Ky. "Gestion optimale des consommations d'énergie dans les bâtiments." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00301368.