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Книги з теми "Representation of words"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

S, Butler Brian, ed. Designing interactive worlds with words: Principles of writing as representational composition. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2000.

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2

Fridman, Lea Wernick. Words and witness: Narrative and aesthetic strategies in the representation of the Holocaust. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2000.

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3

Institute, American National Standards, ed. Codes for the representation of languages for information interchange. Bethesda, Md: NISO Press, 2001.

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4

National Information Standards Organization (U.S.). Codes for the representation of languages for information interchange. Bethesda, Md., U.S.A: NISO Press, 1994.

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5

Beyond "small words and grammar": Linguistic analysis and deaf writers : towards a pedagogy of meaning and representation. Burtonsville, Md: Linstok Press, Inc., 1993.

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6

National Information Standards Organization (U.S.). American national standard for information sciences--codes for the representation of languages for information interchange. New York, N.Y: ANSI, 1987.

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7

How democracy works: Political representation and policy congruence in modern societies : essays in honour of Jacques Thomassen. Amsterdam: Pallas Publications, 2010.

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8

Representative works, 1938-1985. New York, NY: Roof Books, 1986.

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9

Reginald, Goveas, ed. My vote counts: A book about democracy, what it means, how it works, and how you can make your vote count. Chennai: Tulika Publishers, 1999.

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10

Masini, Francesca, and Raffaele Simone. Word classes: Nature, typology and representations. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014.

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11

Reiner, Irving. Selected works. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989.

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12

The word according to James Joyce: Reconstructing representation. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1997.

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13

Boutilier, Craig. Preliminary report on inaccessible worlds and irrelevance. Toronto: University of Toronto, Computer Science Dept., 1991.

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14

Brenner, Frédéric. Jews, America: A representation. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996.

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15

Dewdney, Andrew. Racism, representation, and photography. Sydney, Australia: Inner City Education Centre, 1994.

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16

Representative words: Politics, literature, and the American language, 1776-1865. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

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17

Jonathan Hewett.com. European works councils: A guide to effective consultation and representation. London: Involvement and Participation Association (IPA), 1996.

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18

International Federation of Women Lawyers. Kenya Chapter. Trainer's manual on self representation. Nairobi: FIDA Kenya, 2010.

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19

Lexical representation: A multidisciplinary approach. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2011.

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20

Carl, Schmitt. The idea of representation: A discussion. Washington, DC: Plutarch Press, 1988.

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21

Peterson, William. Asian Self-Representation at World's Fairs. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985636.

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Анотація:

International expositions or "world’s fairs" are the largest and most important stage on which millions routinely gather to directly experience, express, and respond to cultural difference. Rather than looking at Asian representation at the hands of colonizing powers, something already much examined, Asian Self-Representation at World’s Fairs instead focuses on expressions of an empowered Asian self-representation at world’s fairs in the West after the so-called golden age of the exhibition. New modes of representation became possible as the older "exhibitionary order" of earlier fairs gave way to a dominant "performative order," one increasingly preoccupied with generating experience and affect. Using case studies of national representation at selected fairs over the hundred-year period from 1915-2015, this book considers both the politics of representation as well as what happens within the imaginative worlds of Asian country pavilions, where the performative has become the dominant mode for imprinting directly on human bodies.

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22

Alfred, Thomas. The labyrinth of the word: Truth and representation in Czech literature. München: R. Oldenbourg, 1995.

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23

Representation and Processing of Compound Words. Oxford University Press, 2007.

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24

Gary, Libben, and Jarema Gonia, eds. The representation and processing of compound words. Oxford, [England]: Oxford University Press, 2006.

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25

Libben, Gary, and Gonia Jarema, eds. The Representation and Processing of Compound Words. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228911.001.0001.

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26

Words Fail: Theology, Poetry, and the Challenge of Representation. Fordham University Press, 2016.

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27

Dickinson, Colby. Words Fail: Theology, Poetry, and the Challenge of Representation. Fordham University Press, 2016.

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28

Rüdiger, Görner, and University of London. Institute of Germanic & Romance Studies., eds. Images of words: Literary representations of pictorial themes. Munchen: Iudicium, 2005.

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29

Rey, Georges. Representation of Language. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855637.001.0001.

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Анотація:

This book is a defense, against mostly philosophical objections, of a Chomskyan postulation of an internal, innate computational system for human language that is typically manifested in native speaker’s intuitive responses to samples of speech. But it is also a critical examination of some of the glosses on the theory: the assimilation of it to traditional Rationalism; a supposed conflict between being innate and learned; an unclear ontology which requires what I call a “representational pretense” (whereby linguists merely pretend for the sake of exposition that, e.g., tokens of words are uttered); and, most crucially to my concerns, Chomsky’s specific eliminativism about the role of intentionality not only in his own theories, but in any serious science at all. This last is a fundamentally important issue for linguistics, psychology, and philosophy that I hope an examination of a theory as rich and promising as a Chomskyan linguistics will help illuminate. I will also touch on some peripheral issues that Chomsky seems to me to mistakenly associate with his theory: an anti-realism about ordinary thought and talk, and a peculiar dismissal of the mind/body problem(s), toward the solution of some of which I think his theory actually makes a promising contribution.

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30

Williams, J. Robert G. The Metaphysics of Representation. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850205.001.0001.

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Анотація:

What is representation? How do the more primitive aspects of our world come together to generate it? How do different kinds of representation relate to one another? This book identifies the metaphysical foundations for representational facts. The story told is in three parts. The most primitive layer of representation is the ‘aboutness’ of sensation/perception and intention/action, which are the two most basic modes in which an individual and the world interact. It is argued that we can understand how this kind of representation can exist in a fundamentally physical world so long as we have an independent, illuminating grip on functions and causation. The second layer of representation is the ‘aboutness’ of (degrees of) belief and desire, whose representational content goes far beyond the immediate perceptable and manipulable environment. It is argued that the correct belief/desire interpretation of an agent is the one which makes their action-guiding states, given their perceptual evidence, most rational. The final layer of representation is the ‘aboutness’ of words and sentences, human artefacts with representational content. It is argued that one can give an illuminating account of the conditions under which a compositional interpretation of a public language like English is correct by appeal to patterns emerging from the attitudes conventionally expressed by sentences. The three-layer metaphysics of representation resolves long-standing underdetermination puzzles, predicts and explains patterns in the way that concepts denote, and articulates a delicate interactive relationship between the foundations of language and thought.

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31

1968-, Lawry Jonathan, Shanahan James G, and Ralescu Anca L. 1949-, eds. Modelling with words: Learning, fusion, and reasoning within a formal linguistic representation framework. Berlin: Springer, 2003.

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32

Akerman, Sean. Words and Wounds. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851712.001.0001.

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In this study of exile, Sean Akerman chronicles the ways in which narrative approaches provide opportunities to understand and represent the lives of those who have been displaced after violence. Drawing on fieldwork he conducted with Tibetan exiles in New York City, and supplemented with archival research from other exilees around the world, Akerman investigates how narrative approaches can reveal what it’s like to embody historical tensions, how identity becomes contested within displaced groups, and how personal stories become ingrained into the responsibilities of political realities. Akerman uses his fieldwork to question the practices of research, too. How does a researcher write in a way that does justice to displaced lives while working within a scientific framework? What sort of ethics are at stake as one spends long hours interviewing an informant, and then interprets that person’s stories? Narrative approaches become ways to imagine new possibilities of representation, and call attention to the limitations and power dynamics within the discipline of psychology. In light of massive upheavals that go on unabated all over the world, Words and Wounds provides a timely consideration of what it looks like to understand and represent one of the most pressing issues of this age.

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33

Thomsen, Inger Sigrun Bredkjær. A rhetoric of silence: Self-representation and the distrust of words in the novel of sensibility. 1993.

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34

Laski, Harold J. Democracy in Crisis (Works of Harold J. Laski). Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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35

Democracy in Crisis (Works of Harold J. Laski). Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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36

Wolff, Phillip. Force Dynamics. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.13.

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Force dynamics is an approach to knowledge representation that aims to describe how notions of force, resistance, and tendency enter into the representation of certain kinds of words and concepts. As a theory of causation, it specifies how the concept of cause may be grounded in people’s representations of force and spatial relations. This chapter reviews theories of force dynamics that have recently emerged in the linguistic, psychological, and philosophical literatures. In discussing these theories, it reveals how a force dynamic account of causation is able to account for many of the key phenomena in causal cognition, including the representation of individual causal events, the encoding of causal relations in language, the encoding of causal chains, and causation by omission.

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37

(Editor), Jonathan Lawry, Jimi Shanahan (Editor), and Anca Ralescu (Editor), eds. Modelling with Words: Learning, Fusion, and Reasoning within a Formal Linguistic Representation Framework (Lecture Notes in Computer Science / Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence). Springer, 2004.

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38

Representative Works. Roof Books, 1986.

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39

Shea, Nicholas. How Content Explains. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812883.003.0008.

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The varitel accounts of content allow us to see how the practice of representational explanation works and why content has an explanatory role to play. They establish the causal-explanatory relevance of semantic properties and are neutral about causal efficacy. Exploitable relations give the accounts an advantage over views based only on outputs. Content does valuable explanatory work in areas beyond psychology, but it need not be explanatorily valuable in every case. The varitel accounts illuminate why there should be a tight connection between content and the circumstances in which a representation develops. The accounts have some epistemological consequences. Representations at the personal level are different in a variety of ways that are relevant to content determination. Naturalizing personal-level content thus becomes a tractable research programme. Most importantly, varitel semantics offers a naturalistic account of the content of representations in the brain and other subpersonal representational systems.

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40

Gumbrell‐McCormick, Rebecca, and Richard Hyman. Works Councils:. Edited by Adrian Wilkinson, Paul J. Gollan, Mick Marchington, and David Lewin. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199207268.003.0012.

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Анотація:

This article focuses on works councils, adopting the definition of Rogers and Streeck. It is concerned with countries with generalized systems of representation – where participation structures exist largely independently of management wishes – and not with those where representative bodies may be established voluntarily through localized management initiatives. The article also limits attention to bodies with the capacity to discuss a broad agenda of employment- and work-related issues; this means, for example, that the statutory health and safety committees, which exist in many countries without works councils, are ignored. On this definition, works councils are almost exclusively a phenomenon of continental Western Europe, and the article discusses why this is the case. Its focus is specifically on national institutions; it does not examine the one instance of mandatory supranational structures: European Works Councils. Nor does the article consider board-level employee representation.

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41

Riggs, Christina. 1. Four little words. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199682782.003.0001.

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Анотація:

‘Four little words’ analyses the meanings of ‘Ancient’, ‘Egyptian’, ‘art’, and ‘architecture’ in order to understand how Egyptian art and architecture are studied and discussed, why and how they have influenced the modern world, and whether iconic examples of Egyptian artworks and buildings are in any way representative of cultural norms and lived experience in the ancient past. When is ‘ancient’ Egypt? Where and what was ‘Egypt’ in antiquity and how did its people describe themselves and their land? Art and architecture are considered to comprise those objects made in such a way that their form and materials contribute to their representational power, social or symbolic significance, and aesthetic qualities.

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42

Nietzsche, Friedrich, and Walter Benjamin. Baroque New Worlds: Representation, Transculturation, Counterconquest. Duke University Press, 2010.

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43

Parkinson, Zamora Lois, and Kaup Monika, eds. Baroque new worlds: Representation, transculturation, counterconquest. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2010.

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44

The Works of Harold J. Laski : Parliamentary Government in England: A Commentary. Routledge, 2014.

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45

Manuel, Carreiras, and Grainger Jonathan, eds. Sublexical representations in visual word recognition. Hove: Psychology, 2004.

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46

Carreiras, Manuel, and Jonathan Grainger, eds. Sublexical Representations in Visual Word Recognition. Psychology Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203339442.

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47

Yee, Cordell D. K. Word According to James Joyce: Reconstructing Representation. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 1997.

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48

Taylor, Anya. Coleridge's Self-Representations. Edited by Frederick Burwick. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199644179.013.0007.

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Анотація:

This article examines Samuel Taylor Coleridge's works at self-representations. It explains that Coleridge recorded the inexhaustively re-ebullient forms of his consciousness inspired by the ferment of philosophical discussion about persons initiated by David Hume. Coleridge believed that experiencing the self was intensely dramatic and wondrous, and he sought the cohesive force which binds the multiple aspects of the self together, the power that makes the multiplicity a one, multum in unum.

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49

Jackendoff, Ray. Representations and Rules in Language. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199367511.003.0007.

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Анотація:

In both traditional grammar and cognitive science, the standard view of language distinguishes sharply between words (lexicon) and rules (grammar). Here I undermine this distinction, presenting a continuum of phenomena that lie between undisputed words like cat and undisputed “rules” such as the pattern for transitive verb phrases. Mainstream linguistics makes a further distinction between productive rules “in the grammar,” such as the regular English past tense, and partially productive rules “in the lexicon,” such as forming a noun like construction by affixing –tion to a verb. I show that this distinction too has been misconceived: productive rules have all the properties of partially productive rules, but have in addition “gone viral.” These phenomena argue that rules of grammar are declarative schemas for licensing well-formed sentences, rather than either procedures for assembling sentences, as in mainstream generative grammar, or simple association and analogy, as in connectionist and exemplar-based approaches.

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50

Insularity: Representations and Constructions of Small Worlds. Königshausen & Neumann, 2016.

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