Дисертації з теми "Renforcement de la qualité d'image"
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Al, Chami Zahi. "Estimation de la qualité des données multimedia en temps réel." Thesis, Pau, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PAUU3066.
Повний текст джерелаOver the past decade, data providers have been generating and streaming a large amount of data, including images, videos, audio, etc. In this thesis, we will be focusing on processing images since they are the most commonly shared between the users on the global inter-network. In particular, treating images containing faces has received great attention due to its numerous applications, such as entertainment and social media apps. However, several challenges could arise during the processing and transmission phase: firstly, the enormous number of images shared and produced at a rapid pace requires a significant amount of time to be processed and delivered; secondly, images are subject to a wide range of distortions during the processing, transmission, or combination of many factors that could damage the images’content. Two main contributions are developed. First, we introduce a Full-Reference Image Quality Assessment Framework in Real-Time, capable of:1) preserving the images’content by ensuring that some useful visual information can still be extracted from the output, and 2) providing a way to process the images in real-time in order to cope with the huge amount of images that are being received at a rapid pace. The framework described here is limited to processing those images that have access to their reference version (a.k.a Full-Reference). Secondly, we present a No-Reference Image Quality Assessment Framework in Real-Time. It has the following abilities: a) assessing the distorted image without having its distortion-free image, b) preserving the most useful visual information in the images before publishing, and c) processing the images in real-time, even though the No-Reference image quality assessment models are considered very complex. Our framework offers several advantages over the existing approaches, in particular: i. it locates the distortion in an image in order to directly assess the distorted parts instead of processing the whole image, ii. it has an acceptable trade-off between quality prediction accuracy and execution latency, andiii. it could be used in several applications, especially these that work in real-time. The architecture of each framework is presented in the chapters while detailing the modules and components of the framework. Then, a number of simulations are made to show the effectiveness of our approaches to solve our challenges in relation to the existing approaches
Chetouani, Aladine. "Vers un système d'évaluation de la qualité d'image multi-critères." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560808.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Quyet Tien. "Vers une analyse et une compréhension de la qualité d'image." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT060.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, the main contributions are to study 2 main aspects of image quality including image aesthetic, image naturalness and the relations between the 2 concepts. More specifically, image aesthetic is the measure of how aesthetically a photo fulfills the observer’s expectation while the image naturalness definition is both related to artifacts induced by some image processing algorithms and to the individual feeling about how a picture matches with image memory. On the side of image aesthetic, the thesis deals with the problem of evaluating the roles of pre-processing operations in image aesthetic assessment. Image aesthetic assessment models based on prior image segmentation (region of interest extraction) and prior image classification (large field / close-up image classification) have been developed and compared with image aesthetic assessment models without pre-processing stages. At the same time different models base either on handcrafted features or learned features have been studied for the purpose of image aesthetic estimation. Based on the obtained results, an image aesthetic assessment model based on image classification and region segmentation has been introduced and evaluated. On the side of image naturalness, image naturalness of standard dynamic range images, especially tone-mapped images have been studied with both subjective and objective methodologies. A subjective experiment has been organized to collect human evaluations about image naturalness first. Then, various objective algorithms have been validated on the collected subjective data for the image naturalness assessment task. This work focuses on the problem of developing a model firstly to estimate if an image looks natural or not to humans and the second purpose is to try to understand how the unnaturalness feeling is induced by a photo: "Are there specific unnaturalness clues or is unnaturalness a general feeling when looking at a photo?". Finally, the relations between the 2 aspects: image aesthetic and image naturalness have been evaluated and discussed
Souidène, Wided. "Exploitation de la diversité informationnelle en restauration autodidacte et évaluation de qualité." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132015.
Повний текст джерелаVinsonneau, Emile. "La qualité d'image dans le contexte de la numérisation de livres anciens." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0057/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of this thesis is to add some tools in order to upgrade image quality when scanning with book digitization.First Chapter talks about image scanner whitout lighting control. This problem focuses to document camera. The goal is to correct lighting. We will see some corrections and we will suggest our method. For this part, we detect pixel's background document and we will rebuild the background of the image by them. With this information, we can correct lighting.Second chapter presents some way to do quality control after digitization, specially out of focus problem. We will enumerate different point of view to analyse and to estimate this information. To validate descriptors, we suggest to blur any picture and to compute blur estimation in order to evaluate precision. After that, we propose to combinate descriptors by machine learning.Third chapter mentions color management problem. Every image devices need to be calibrated. This chapter will expose how to calibrate scanner and explain it. We will see that L*a*b* color space is the connection profil space. To calibrate color, we must transform scanner color space to L*a*b*. We will see, in order to convert information, solution depends color chart used but we show a link between the function and thenumber of patch
Gharbi, Imen. "Tatouage pour le renforcement de la qualité audio des systèmes de communication bas débit." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817318.
Повний текст джерелаLimare, Nicolas. "Recherche reproductible, qualité logicielle, publication et interfaces en ligne pour le traitement d'image." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783299.
Повний текст джерелаOrtiz, Cayón Rodrigo. "Amélioration de la vitesse et de la qualité d'image du rendu basé image." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4004/document.
Повний текст джерелаTraditional photo-realistic rendering requires intensive manual and computational effort to create scenes and render realistic images. Thus, creation of content for high quality digital imagery has been limited to experts and highly realistic rendering still requires significant computational time. Image-Based Rendering (IBR) is an alternative which has the potential of making high-quality content creation and rendering applications accessible to casual users, since they can generate high quality photo-realistic imagery without the limitations mentioned above. We identified three important shortcomings of current IBR methods: First, each algorithm has different strengths and weaknesses, depending on 3D reconstruction quality and scene content and often no single algorithm offers the best image quality everywhere in the image. Second, such algorithms present strong artifacts when rendering partially reconstructed objects or missing objects. Third, most methods still result in significant visual artifacts in image regions where reconstruction is poor. Overall, this thesis addresses significant shortcomings of IBR for both speed and image quality, offering novel and effective solutions based on selective rendering, learning-based model substitution and depth error prediction and correction
Chanliau, Sandrine. "Marqueurs de la qualité aromatique du cacao - Influence de l'origine. Renforcement de l'arôme d'origine thermique." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20222.
Повний текст джерелаHiraoui, Moadh. "Caractérisation de la fatigue musculaire, réadaptation à l'effort et qualité de vie chez une population atteinte d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0037/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this investigation was to study the combined effects of supervised intermittent aerobic training, muscle strength training with electrostimulation and a continuous home-walking program, on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle function and quality of life of patients with breast cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy period. Measurements were performed before and after 6 weeks of training on a trained group (n = 20), and 6 weeks apart without any change in physical activity on a control group (n = 12). Compared to controls, the first study showed the positive effects of our training protocol on the aerobic fitness and metabolic needs of our trained patients. Similarly, the second study revealed significant increases in MViC, ET in an isometric test, and muscle deoxygenating ΔHHb, suggesting an improvement in the use of oxygen in the muscle in the trained group after Six weeks of training. In addition, the results of the third study confirmed the effects on muscular function by observing an improvement in the myoelectric activity of the Vastus lateralis, characterized by the decrease of the RMS and the increase of the MPF during the holding phase of 50% of the MViC, in the trained group after the six weeks combined aerobic training and muscle strengthening. Finally, in the fourth study, we observed a significant improvement in the quality of life of the trained group. This improvement is characterized, on the one hand, by an increase in the overall quality of life and scores at the functional scales, and on the other hand by a reduction in the scores of symptom scales in cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy
Johannes, Pauline. "L'efficacité du comité d'audit dans le renforcement de la qualité de l'audit et de l'information financière." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAB004.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation focuses on factors of audit committee efficiency and their impacts on audit and financial information quality. In our literature review, we identify two frameworks. The first is based on the influence of audit committee’s membership over its efficiency. The second is related to dynamics around and in the committee. This framework brings us to study the impact of audit committee members’ change dynamics on its efficiency, and to analyse power relations between audit committee members and CEO. Analysis of these factors is based on an original database which regroups the companies forming the SBF-120 over the 2007-2016 period. We highlight the effect of audit committee members’ renewal on audit quality. We also show the audit committee influence relative to the CEO to assure quality of financial information
Yang, Yanqin. "Contribution à l'évaluation objective de la qualité d'images couleur estimées par dématriçage." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10089/document.
Повний текст джерелаOur work deals with the quality of colour images provided by a mono-CCD colour camera, which acquires only one colour component at each pixel by means of the CFA (Colour Filter Array) which covers the CCD sensor. A procedure - called demosaicing - is necessary to estimate the other two missing colour components at each pixel, so as to obtain a colour image in this kind of cameras. We aim to determine which method of demosaicing provides the results that are best adapted to colour image analyses for the reconstruction of scene. First, we present the principles on how the mono-CCD cameras acquire digital colour images, as well as the different arrangements of CFA used in such cameras. Once the influence of the CFA arrangement on the performance of demosaicing has been presented, we focus our studies on the demosaicing methods based on the Bayer CFA. A mathematical formalization for demosaicing is proposed before we present the numerous demosaicing methods in the literature, as well as the post-processing algorithms to correct the demosaiced images. We then investigate the evaluation criteria for the quality of the colour images estimated by demosaicing. First are described the different possible artefacts generated by demosaicing and the reasons for their generation, which allow us to point out the limits of the classical measures used to evaluate the estimated images. We then propose two original measures to quantify the presence of the two main artefacts, namely false colour and zipper effect. At last, we present new criteria based on the analysis of features extracted from colour images, by measuring the quality of edge detection in the estimated images
N'Diaye, Mambaye. "Analyse de la qualité du tissu osseux." Angers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ANGE0085.
Повний текст джерелаAnalysis of the quality ofbone and biomaterials (used for bone graft in the case of defects) was studied by computer image analysis. We have proposed new methods of calculating certain parameters characterizing the surface of bone tissue and biomaterials. Determination of the swelling of PMMA by interference microscopy is possible after image normalization in Matlab. We also proposed a new method of calculating porosity using parameters (lacunarity and succolarity) based on fractal geometry. This proposed method allows the determination of Other parameters such as pore size, pore interconnectivity and the regularity of their spatial arrangement. We have developed another software which use three-dimensional microCT images (corresponding to tubular structures such as cortical bone) and to unwrap them to form a flat image on which the endosteal and periosteal surface can easily be measured. This software has allowed us to demonstrate that zoledronic acid is more potent than pamidronate in the preservation of cortical bone in the 5T2 model of multiple myeloma in which cortical perforation are observed
Racine, Paschal. "Influence d'un renforcement en matériaux composites sur le comportement d'une poutre en bois scié de qualité inférieure." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1175.
Повний текст джерелаKarmani, Majdi. "Le renforcement de la gouvernance d’entreprise et la qualité des états financiers : cas des entreprises françaises cotées." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40006.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation investigates and empirically tests the relationship between corporate governance strength and corporate governance effectiveness on the quality of the reported financial statements. Despite, concerns about the strengthen of the corporate governance structure and its effectiveness on earnings management, the relation between corporate governance strength and corporate governance effectiveness is not empirically well developed in France.Using three stages of follow-up studies, this research estimates the specificities of the French corporate governance on the quality of financial statements from a factorial confirmatory analysis, a binary logistic regression and discretionary models based on "accruals", "revenues" and scores of manipulations. The estimation of the parameters of the models and the duration of the study were fixed after the check of the comparability of the accounting numbers after the adoption of the IAS/IFRS GAAP.The main results indicate that it is necessary to generalize certain practices of the French corporate governance, by giving support to both the legislator and the partisans of the financial reforms in order to enhance the quality of the financial information
Billon, Astrid. "Méthode d'évaluation non-destructive de la qualité du collage des composites de renforcement pour le génie civil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1091/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the last 30 years, repairing and strengthening techniques of concrete structures using externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have gained much popularity and are now widespread. The effectiveness of the strengthening systems highly depends on the level of adhesion between the composite material and the concrete surface. Therefore, on-site evaluation of the bond quality is crucial to assess the performance and predict the durability of the reinforcement system.It is proposed to determine the bond properties of the adhesive layer within the reinforcement system by using a nondestructive test (NDT) method derived from the standard and well-known pull-off test. This method consists in analyzing the linear load vs displacement behavior of the adhesive joint, in order to determine an assembly stiffness which can be related to the Young’s modulus of the adhesive layer.In order to investigate the feasibility of the test method, a laboratory implementation is carried out on a mechanical device fully designed for the purpose of the present study. Suitable displacement sensors and an appropriate measurement chain are chosen based on a finite element modeling and a mechanical analysis of the test. A partial analytical form of the assembly stiffness is also expressed.The test method is then applied to concrete slabs reinforced with CFRP plates using three different epoxy adhesives. A statistical assessment of all identified parameters of influence sheds light on the results. In the end, the performances of the test performed in laboratory conditions are discussed.Finally, foundations for a relevant test methodology on real field conditions are laid, and the above-mentioned performances are reviewed
Quintard, Ludovic. "Evaluation de la qualité des dispositifs d'affichage couleur : des évaluations subjectives à la mesure objective." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Quintard-Ludovic/2008-Quintard-Ludovic-These.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis was conducted in cooperation with the Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE) within the framework of a CIFRE convention. This work consisted in realising an objective metric dedicated to the assessment of image retrieval devices (screens). To address the underlying issues, we developed an algorithm for estimating quality using the monitor features and those of the Human Visual System. The developed algorithm is made up of three blocks. The first block takes into account the technical features of the monitor (transfer function, gamut, etc. ) to turn a digital image (sent to the monitor using a digital device) into a physical image (displayed by the monitor). The second block of the algorithm models the transformation of the physical image into a perceptual image. This modelling involves familiarity with human visual system operational principles, particularly the encoding of colour information, as well as the perceptual attributes involved in judging a colour digital image quality. The required knowledge is described in chapter 4 of the present thesis. The third and last block was developed to rate the quality of this perceptual image. A subjective study of the quality of 5 different LCD screens involving thirty participants and based on six analysis criteria was performed. It successfully showed that colour, saturation and contrast are major factors on which the screen quality is assessed. The metric developed was based on these findings and shows good correlation with subjective evaluation data, thus showing similarity with human judgement. The metric was also tested in the field of JPEG and JPEG2000 compression with similar efficiency
Hoceini, Said. "Techniques d'apprentissage par renforcement pour le routage adaptatif dans les réseaux de télécommunication à trafic régulier." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002150180204611&vid=upec.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to propose an algorithmic approach, \vhich allo\vs to treat the problems of adaptive routing (AR) in telecommunication networks with irregular traffic. The analysis of the existing approaches has lead us to base our \vork on tlie Q-Routing (QR) algonthm. This algorithm uses a reinforcement learning technique vhich is based on Markov models. The efficiency of these routing approaches depends on information about the network load and the nature of data fiows. This information must be sufficient and relevant and l has to reflect the real network load during the decision making phase. To overcome drawbacks of techniques using QR, ve have proposed tivo AR algorithms. The first one, which is called Q-Neural Routing, is based on a stochastic neural model, used for parameter estimation and updating required for routing. In order to reduce the convergence time, a second approach is proposed: k-Shortest path Q-Routing. It is based on a multi-patlis routing technique combined with the QR algoritlim. In this case, the exploration space is limited to k-Best paths. The proposed algorithms are validated and compared to traditional approaches using the OPNET Simulator. Their efficiency, with respect to AR, is illustrated. In fact, these algorithms allow taking into account the network state in a hetter wav than the classical approaches do
Riot, Paul. "Blancheur du résidu pour le débruitage d'image." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0006/document.
Повний текст джерелаWe propose an advanced use of the whiteness hypothesis on the noise to imrove denoising performances. We show the interest of evaluating the residual whiteness by correlation measures in multiple applications. First, in a variational denoising framework, we show that a cost function locally constraining the residual whiteness can replace the L2 norm commonly used in the white Gaussian case, while significantly improving the denoising performances. This term is then completed by cost function constraining the residual raw moments which are a mean to control the residual distribution. In the second part of our work, we propose an alternative to the likelihood ratio, leading to the L2 norm in the white Gaussian case, to evaluate the dissimilarity between noisy patches. The introduced metric, based on the autocorrelation of the patches difference, achieves better performances both for denoising and similar patches recognition. Finally, we tackle the no reference quality evaluation and the local model choice problems. Once again, the residual whiteness bring a meaningful information to locally estimate the truthfulness of the denoising
Bleuet, Pierre. "Reconstruction 3D par tomosynthèse généralisée : application à l'imagerie médicale par rayons." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0059/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with reconstruction in digital medical tomosynthesis. This technique allows, starting from a low number of projections (typically twenty) acquired on a digital detector, to obtain three-dimensional information on the structure of the studied object. The main advantage of this technique is the ability to obtain such information using a standard radiological remote table with a digital detector. The X-Ray tube and detector are moving along a specific path defining the acquisition geometry. Furthermore, the total exam dose is equivalent to a single radiograph dose. The main drawback of this acquisition technique is the significant lack of data, and more particularly the limited angle of view which significantly restricts the vertical spatial resolution. From the mathematical point of view, the problem of reconstruction is a severely ill-posed inverse problem : angular range is limited, and only a few possibly noisy number of projections is available. We inverse this problem using the algebraic methods and more particularly the algorithms ART (Algebraic Reconstruction Technique). This type of method makes it possible to improve the resolution but does not deals with the noise problem. In order to improve the quality of the reconstructed object, we adapted the half-quadratic minimization algorithm in this tomosynthesis context. In order to limit the computation time, we developed a dedicated reconstruction and regularization scheme that allows to decompose the volume of interest into a series of independent reconstructed planes. Other processing are necessary to reconstruct high quality tomosynthetic slices. We propose a method to reduce truncation artifacts related to high projection angles and a metal artifacts reduction algorithm due to the possible presence of surgical prostheses within the body. In order to test and validate our approach, we built a radiological remote table with a certain flexibility in the acquisition geometry. Finally we show that it is possible to reconstruct large size images for thoracic imaging with a vertical resolution of about 1cm and a spatial resolution in the detector plane equal to the detector resolution (about 100 μm). For other bone-related applications such as the radiography of ankle or pedicular screwing, the results are very satisfactory in terms of image quality and artifacts suppression
Tran, Hai Anh. "Une architecture orientée Qualité d'Expérience pour les réseaux de diffusion de contenus." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1108.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, with the rapid growth of high quality network applications, the Quality of Service mechanisms, which are used to guarantee required levels of performance to data flows in network, are not enough anymore to satisfy end-users, mostly in the context of Content-Oriented Networks (CON) that is used to redesign the current Internet architecture to accommodate content-oriented applications and services. We propose in this thesis a new system that introduces the Quality of Experience (QoE), a new paradigm that represents the user’s perception, in an adaptive control/command network routing chain. Our proposed system has been applied to a Content Distribution Network (CDN) architecture. We focused on two main functions of a CDN, the routing and the server selection method, in order to improve the QoE level at end-user side. For the routing method, an algorithm named QQAR (QLearning QoE-based Adaptive Routing) has been proposed. This algorithm uses the technique of Reinforcement Learning based on Markov models and take into account as a metric the QoE perceived by the end user. Regarding the server selection method, we proposed a server selection algorithm that is motivated by the Multi-Armed Bandit problem. The two proposed algorithms are validated and compared to traditional approaches using a simulation model and a real platform
Mambo, Shadrack. "Optimisation et évaluation des performance en traitement d'image." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1125/document.
Повний текст джерелаD’Tech Thesis SummaryThe importance of medical imaging as a core component of several medical application and healthcare diagnosis cannot be over emphasised. Integration of useful data acquired from different images is vital for proper analysis of information contained in the images under observation. For the integration process to be successful, a procedure referred to as image registration is necessary.The purpose of image registration is to align two images in order to find a geometric transformation that brings one image into the best possible spatial correspondence with another image by optimising a registration criterion. The two images are known as the target image and the source image. Image registration methods consist of having the two images referenced with control points. This is followed by a registration transformation that relates the two images and a similarity metric function that aims to measure the qualitative value of closeness or degree of fitness between the target image and the source image. Finally, an optimiser which seeks an optimal transformation inside the defined solution search space is performed.This research presents an automated image registration algorithm for solving multimodal image registration on lung Computer Tomography (CT) scan pairs, where a comparison between regular step gradient descent optimisation technique and evolutionary optimisation was investigated. The aim of this research is to carry out optimisation and performance evaluation of image registration techniques in order to provide medical specialists with estimation on how accurate and robust the registration process is. Lung CT scan pairs are registered using mutual information as a similarity measure, affine transformation and linear interpolation. In order to minimise the cost function, an optimiser, which seeks the optimal transformation inside the defined search space is applied.Determination of a transformation model that depends on transformation parameters and identification of similarity metric based on voxel intensity were carried out. By fitting transformation to control points, three transformation models were compared. Affine transformation produced the best recovered image when compared to non-reflective similarity and projective transformations. The results of this research compares well with documented results from EMPIRE 10 Challenge research and conforms to both theoretical principles as well as practical applications.The contribution of this research is its potential to increase the scientific understanding of image registration of anatomical body organs. It lays a basis for further research in performance evaluation of registration techniques and validation of procedures to other types of algorithms and image registration application areas, such as remote sensing, satellite communication, biomedical engineering, robotics, geographical information systems and mapping, among others
Louazani, Samir. "Etude par analyse d'image de la désynchronisation d'une culture de cellules cardiaques sous l'influence de digitaliques." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10190.
Повний текст джерелаZiadi, Adel. "Analyse d'image visibles et proche infrarouges : contributions à l'évaluation non-destructive du persillage dans la viande du boeuf." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28158/28158.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаReceveur, Pascal. "Appui pharmaceutique et renforcement du potentiel d'une unité de production d'injectables dans un pays émergent : la Syrie." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P036.
Повний текст джерелаClerk-Lamalice, Julien. "Étude de l'incidence des coïncidences triples simulées et mesurées à partir de systèmes TEP pixélisés sur les critères de qualité d'image." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6029.
Повний текст джерелаHarouna, Seybou Aboubacar. "Analyse d'images couleurs pour le contrôle qualité non destructif." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2282/document.
Повний текст джерелаColor is a major criterion for many sectors to identify, to compare or simply to control the quality of products. This task is generally assumed by a human operator who performs a visual inspection. Unfortunately, this method is unreliable and not repeatable due to the subjectivity of the operator. To avoid these limitations, a RGB camera can be used to capture and extract the photometric properties. This method is simple to deploy and permits a high speed control. However, it's very sensitive to the metamerism effects. Therefore, the reflectance measurement is the more reliable solution to ensure the conformity between samples and a reference. Thus in printing industry, spectrophotometers are used to measure uniform color patches printed on a lateral band. For a control of the entire printed surface, multispectral cameras are used to estimate the reflectance of each pixel. However, they are very expensive compared to conventional cameras. In this thesis, we study the use of an RGB camera for the spectral reflectance estimation in the context of printing. We propose a complete spectral description of the reproduction chain to reduce the number of measurements in the training stages and to compensate for the acquisition limitations. Our first main contribution concerns the consideration of the colorimetric limitations in the spectral characterization of a camera. The second main contribution is the exploitation of the spectral printer model in the reflectance estimation methods
Guennebaud, Gaël. "Algorithmes pour le rendu temps-réel de haute qualité des géométries basées points." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30226.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of real-time image synthesis, this thesis investigate the use of points as a display primitve. We propose a complete rendering pipeline of point-based geometries which has the particularity to maintain a very high rendering quality both in case of under-sampled or over-sampled models while maintaining real-time performances. To reach these goals, we present both an adaptation of the surface splatting algorithm to modern graphics cards, and a new technique called deferred splatting which defers filtering operations in order to perform them on visible points only. Finally, in similar fashion to subdivision surfaces for polygonal meshes, we proposed an interpolatory refinement framework allowing to dynamically reconstruct a smooth surface from a scattered and/or under-sampled point based model
Bourgeois, Marc. "Correction des mouvements intra-image en imagerie d'activation cérébrale par résonance magnétique." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10143.
Повний текст джерелаAtif, Jamal. "Recalage non-rigide multimodal des images radiologiques par information mutuelle quadratique normalisée." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112337.
Повний текст джерелаCharbonneau, Marie. "Approche méthodologique et comparative des critères de qualité d'image, de perception et d'exploitabilité opérationnelle : application aux systèmes d'aide à la vision nocturne en aéronautique." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21713/document.
Повний текст джерелаMethods to evaluate night-vision devices present an evident lack of technique preventing the testing of these devices with the operators themselves. To set up these methodology types and establish a link between evaluations in laboratory and flight tests, subjects’ performances were measured thanks to various methodologies in order to compare different night-vision systems. The final aim is to improve the predictability of laboratory evaluation to better prepare flight tests. A first series of experiment deals with the implementation of sensory methodologies thanks to the improvement of two classic methods: visual acuity measure and contrast sensitivity evaluation. The results enabled us to discuss the role of accommodation/convergence conflict in the type 2 systems, with tubes IT moved at each side of the head. A difference in contrast sensitivity between type 1 and type 2 systems seems to be confirmed. A second series of experiment proposes a new cognitive methodological approach with the development of two new methods called "simulation" and "stimulation". In the first study, the detection is influenced by the subject’s experience, night level and contrast sensitivity function, whereas decision-making seems only to be dependent on experience and contrast. With functional night-vision systems, detection and decision-making are dependent on night level. The last part discusses the modifications made to existing sensory methods and to the new developed cognitive methods. The methodological contributions are also presented, as well as other experimental approaches to set up. In conclusion, the experiments led including humans “in the buckle” brought new methods to evaluate night-vision devices. It appears as well that according to the type of experiment led, it is essential/very important to properly select the chosen population, as regards to the visual performance criteria, but also as regards to the subject’s operational experiment
HOCEINI, SAID. "Techniques d'Apprentissage par Renforcement pour le Routage Adaptatif dans les Réseaux de Télécommunication à Trafic Irrégulie." Phd thesis, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010430.
Повний текст джерелаZaenker, Pierre. "Effets de l'entraînement à haute intensité associé au renforcement musculaire sur les capacités physiques et la qualité de vie chez les patients atteints de sclérose en plaques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ047/document.
Повний текст джерелаAfter being contraindicated, physical activity take an increasingly important place in the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). The training at mild to moderate intensity is widely documented, contrary to the high intensity training. This work has focused on the effects of high intensity interval training combined with resistance training during 12 weeks in 26 MS patients. Our results show that peak oxygen consumption, maximum tolerated power, isokinetic muscle strength in both quadriceps and hamstrings and quality of life are improved. Women show more important and more numerous improvements than men, however, the disability level does not seem to limit improvements. Our work has demonstrated that high intensity interval training combined with resistance training is well tolerated and allows physical capacities and quality of life improvements
Lamberton, Franck. "Correction des distorsions en imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale par résonance magnétique nucléaire : application à la séquence d'imagerie ultra-rapide EPI." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN2002.
Повний текст джерелаZerman, Emin. "Evaluation et analyse de la qualité vidéo à haute gamme dynamique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0003.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last decade, high dynamic range (HDR) image and video technology gained a lot of attention, especially within the multimedia community. Recent technological advancements made the acquisition, compression, and reproduction of HDR content easier, and that led to the commercialization of HDR displays and popularization of HDR content. In this context, measuring the quality of HDR content plays a fundamental role in improving the content distribution chain as well as individual parts of it, such as compression and display. However, HDR visual quality assessment presents new challenges with respect to the standard dynamic range (SDR) case. The first challenge is the new conditions introduced by the reproduction of HDR content, e.g. the increase in brightness and contrast. Even though accurate reproduction is not necessary for most of the practical cases, accurate estimation of the emitted luminance is necessary for the objective HDR quality assessment metrics. In order to understand the effects of display rendering on the quality perception, an accurate HDR frame reproduction algorithm was developed, and a subjective experiment was conducted to analyze the impact of different display renderings on subjective and objective HDR quality evaluation. Additionally, in order to understand the impact of color with the increased brightness of the HDR displays, the effects of different color spaces on the HDR video compression performance were also analyzed in another subjective study. Another challenge is to estimate the quality of HDR content objectively, using computers and algorithms. In order to address this challenge, the thesis proceeds with the performance evaluation of full-reference (FR) HDR image quality metrics. HDR images have a larger brightness range and higher contrast values. Since most of the image quality metrics are developed for SDR images, they need to be adapted in order to estimate the quality of HDR images. Different adaptation methods were used for SDR metrics, and they were compared with the existing image quality metrics developed exclusively for HDR images. Moreover, we propose a new method for the evaluation of metric discriminability based ona novel classification approach. Motivated by the need to fuse several different quality databases, in the third part of the thesis, we compare subjective quality scores acquired by using different subjective test methodologies. Subjective quality assessment is regarded as the most effective and reliable way of obtaining “ground-truth” quality scores for the selected stimuli, and the obtained mean opinion scores (MOS) are the values to which generally objective metrics are trained to match. In fact, strong discrepancies can easily be notified across databases when different multimedia quality databases are considered. In order to understand the relationship between the quality values acquired using different methodologies, the relationship between MOS values and pairwise comparisons (PC) scaling results were compared. For this purpose, a series of experiments were conducted using double stimulus impairment scale (DSIS) and pairwise comparisons subjective methodologies. We propose to include cross-content comparisons in the PC experiments in order to improve scaling performance and reduce cross-content variance as well as confidence intervals. The scaled PC scores can also be used for subjective multimedia quality assessment scenarios other than HDR
Beghdadi, Azeddine. "Etude statistique de la morphologie des composés métalliques granulaires par analyse d'image." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066281.
Повний текст джерелаHo, Dinh Khanh. "Gestion des ressources et de l’énergie orientée qualité de service pour les systèmes robotiques mobiles autonomes." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4000.
Повний текст джерелаMobile robotic systems are becoming more and more complex with the integration of advanced sensing and acting components and functionalities to perform the real required missions. For these technical systems, the requirements are divided into two categories: functional and non-functional requirements. While functional requirements represent what the robot must do to accomplish the mission, non-functional requirements represent how the robot performs the mission. Thus, the quality of service and energy efficiency of a robotic mission are classified in this category. The autonomy of these systems is fully achieved when both functional and non-functional requirements are guaranteed without any human intervention or any external control. However, these mobile systems are naturally confronted with resource availability and energy capacity constraints, particularly in the context of long-term missions, these constraints become more critical. In addition, the performance of these systems is also influenced by unexpected and unstructured environmental conditions in which they interact. The management of resources and energy during operation is therefore a challenge for autonomous mobile robots in order to guarantee the desired performance objectives while respecting constraints. In this context, the ability of the robotic system to become aware of its own internal behaviors and physical environment and to adapt to these dynamic circumstances becomes important.This thesis focuses on the quality of service and energy efficiency of mobile robotic systems and proposes a hierarchical run-time management in order to guarantee these non-functional objectives of each robotic mission. At the local management level of each robotic mission, a Mission Manager employs a reinforcement learning-based decision-making mechanism to automatically reconfigure certain key mission-specific parameters to minimize the level of violation of required performance and energy objectives. At the global management level of the whole system, a Multi-Mission Manager leveraged rule-based decision-making and case-based reasoning techniques monitors the system's resources and the responses of Mission Managers in order to decide to reallocate the energy budget, regulate the quality of service and trigger the online learning for each robotic mission.The proposed methodology has been successfully prototyped and validated in a simulation environment and the run-time management framework is also integrated into our real mobile robotic system based on a Pioneer-3DX mobile base equipped with an embedded NVIDIA Jetson Xavier platform
Boudjenouia, Fouad. "Restauration d’images avec critères orientés qualité." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2031/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis concerns the blind restoration of images (formulated as an ill-posed and illconditioned inverse problem), considering a SIMO system. Thus, a blind system identification technique in which the order of the channel is unknown (overestimated) is introduced. Firstly, a simplified version at reduced cost SCR of the cross relation (CR) method is introduced. Secondly, a robust version R-SCR based on the search for a sparse solution minimizing the CR cost function is proposed. Image restoration is then achieved by a new approach (inspired from 1D signal decoding techniques and extended here to the case of 2D images) based on an efficient tree search (Stack algorithm). Several improvements to the ‘Stack’ method have been introduced in order to reduce its complexity and to improve the restoration quality when the images are noisy. This is done using a regularization technique and an all-at-once optimization approach based on the gradient descent which refines the estimated image and improves the algorithm’s convergence towards the optimal solution. Then, image quality measurements are used as cost functions (integrated in the global criterion), in order to study their potential for improving restoration performance. In the context where the image of interest is corrupted by other interfering images, its restoration requires the use of blind sources separation techniques. In this sense, a comparative study of some separation techniques based on the property of second-order decorrelation and sparsity is performed
Youssef, Marlène. "Ecole catholique primaire en quête de navigation professionnelle : entre le pilotage des compétences et le renforcement stratégique de la qualité rénover le système de gestion et de mesure des performances." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00623177.
Повний текст джерелаCremer, Sandra. "Adapting iris feature extraction and matching to the local and global quality of iris image." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0026.
Повний текст джерелаIris recognition has become one of the most reliable and accurate biometric systems available. However its robustness to degradations of the input images is limited. Generally iris based systems can be cut into four steps : segmentation, normalization, feature extraction and matching. Degradations of the input image quality can have repercussions on all of these steps. For instance, they make the segmentation more difficult which can result in normalized iris images that contain distortion or undetected artefacts. Moreover the amount of information available for matching can be reduced. In this thesis we propose methods to improve the robustness of the feature extraction and matching steps to degraded input images. We work with two algorithms for these two steps. They are both based on convolution with 2D Gabor filters but use different techniques for matching. The first part of our work is aimed at controlling the quality and quantity of information selected in the normalized iris images for matching. To this end we defined local and global quality metrics that measure the amount of occlusion and the richness of texture in iris images. We use these measures to determine the position and the number of regions to exploit for feature extraction and matching. In the second part, we study the link between image quality and the performance of the two recognition algoritms just described. We show that the second one is more robust to degraded images that contain artefacts, distortion or a poor iris texture. Finally, we propose a complete system for iris recognition that combines the use of our local and global quality metrics to optimize recognition performance
Odille, Freddy. "Imagerie adaptative en IRM : utilisation des informations de mouvements physiologiques pour l’optimisation des processus d’acquisition et de reconstruction." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10107/document.
Повний текст джерелаMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively slow imaging technique. In the context of cardiac and abdominal imaging, patient motion is a major impediment that disturbs the spatial encoding process needed to form an image. Motion results in image deteriorations, called artifacts. These artifacts can take complex forms as this encoding occurs in an unusual space (Fourier/coil sensitivity hybrid space). Generally the patient is asked for a breathhold in order to minimize the influence of respiration, and the acquisition is synchronized to the electrocardiogram in order to handle cardiac contraction. These methods are imperfect and not always applicable, and therefore alternative approaches are desirable. We propose to integrate prior knowledge in the acquisition and reconstruction processes, based on a specially designed platform, developed to acquire and analyze physiological data during the MRI examination. Various solutions are investigated to implement this adaptive imaging, with special care to the correction of motion induced spatial encoding errors. For that purpose, we build a predictive model that allows elastic displacement fields in the field of view to be predicted, from linear combinations of signals provided by the platform. Then we define a generalized reconstruction framework in which predicted displacement data are included, leading to the reconstruction of a motion-compensated image. The hypotheses are analyzed, and the predictive model, as well as the proposed reconstruction methods, are validated on real cardiac and abdominal data from healthy volunteers, in 2D and 3D free breathing scans
Coudoux, François-Xavier. "Evaluation de la visibilité des effets de blocs dans les images codées par transformée : application à l'amélioration d'images." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a0a7cc38-609d-4d86-9c3a-a018590bc012.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Zongyi. "Self-Adaptive Bandwidth Control for Balanced QoS and Energy Aware Optimization in Wireless Sensor Network." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0034/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) field, highly saturated flow increases the probability of collision and congestion in data transmission which dramatically degrade the performance of Quality of Service (QoS). Multi-channels deployment technique is often applied to parallel transmission for QoS guarantee. However, how to make trade-off between QoS requirement and energy efficiency is a challenges to energy-constrained WMSNs. Theoretical analysis of MAC layer and PHY layer structure based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard, aim to study on the cross-layer analytical model in order to provide stronger understanding on the relationship between sensor network parameters and performance, pave the way for new enhancements in succedent multi-channel optimization research. Find effective performance indicator and design efficient performance collection or estimation approach based on the corresponding metrics, which could be used as the parameter input of multi-channel assignment mechanism. Comprehensive dynamically control system is designed for multi-channel assignment task based on light weight and high efficient computation intelligence techniques. We present a fuzzy-based dynamic bandwidth multi-channel assignment mechanism (MCDB_FLS). Cross-layer proactive available bandwidth is estimated as parameters for multi-channel deployment admission control. Reinforcement learning-based approach is proposed for more wisely decision-making in multi- channel allocation mission. Furthermore, fuzzy logic-based bandwidth threshold model provides dynamic optimization on system admission control. Simulations show the MCDB_FLS performs better than benchmark on the metrics of QoS and energy efficiency, achieves the trade-off between energy efficiency and QoS improvement. Finally, we introduce the integration of incremental machine learning approach into multi-channel assignment mechanism with Deep Q Network reinforcement learning method (DQMC). Besides, fully action weight initialization is implemented based on multi-class supervised learning classifier with stacking ensemble approach. DQMC improve the ability of self-adaptive and smart control to learn pattern from different environment of multi-tasks WMSNs
Amour, Lamine. "Mise en oeuvre d’un modèle adaptatif pour l’estimation de la qualité réelle perçue par l’usager (QoE) : application aux services mobiles." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0043.
Повний текст джерелаThe general context of the thesis is the development of adaptive mechanisms that uses information from a given environment and context (Quality of Experience: QoE) and adapting it in order to initiate a specific corrective actions following the occurrence of undesirable events such as an unsatisfactory Quality of Service (QoS), negative feedback or malfunctions of network elements. To do this, the main objective of this thesis is to develop a new network management by moving from a "network centred" view, where only parameters from the network itself were used, to a "user centred" view. This view consists in considering all the factors that can impact the end-user's experience. The work developed as part of this thesis focused on studying these factors on all components of the processing and transport chain (user, peripheral, application, network elements) and measuring their impact in estimating user QoE. The use case considered concerns approaches to the dissemination of adaptive bit rate streaming (ABR). The thesis work led to the proposal of a new solution for the adaptive bit rate streaming operating in a closed loop and sensitive to QoE. Such a solution allows to optimize in real time the quality of the video according to the instantaneous measurement of the estimated QoE
Van, Wambeke Nicolas. "Une approche pour la composition autonome de services de communication orientés QoS : Application aux protocoles de transport configurables." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00433046.
Повний текст джерелаCousty, Jean. "Lignes de partage des eaux discrètes : théorie et application à la segmentation d'images cardiaques." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321885.
Повний текст джерелаLa ligne de partage des eaux topologique (LPE) étend la notion de clivage aux graphes dont les sommets sont valués et permet de segmenter une image. Nous étendons les propriétés des clivages dans les graphes de fusion aux cas des fonctions et proposons un algorithme de LPE
monotone et linéaire dans les grilles de fusion parfaites. Grâce à la notion de graphe d'arêtes, les propriétés des LPE dans les grilles de fusion parfaites s'étendent aux graphes à arêtes valuées.
Nous étudions en profondeur les LPE dans les graphes à arêtes valuées. Les LPE peuvent y être définies en suivant l'idée intuitive de gouttes d'eau s'écoulant sur un relief topographique. Nous établissons aussi bien la consistance que l'optimalité de cette définition. De plus, nous proposons deux algorithmes linéaires qui, à notre connaissance, sont les plus efficaces pour le calcul des LPE.
En nous reposant sur ces résultats théoriques, nous proposons une méthode et développons un logiciel pour la segmentation du ventricule gauche dans des images cardiaques 3D+t par résonance magnétique. La méthode est quantitativement et qualitativement validée par comparaison avec des segmentations manuelles tracées par deux experts cardiologues.
Michaud, Jean-Baptiste. "Efficacité de détection en tomographie d'émission par positrons: une approche par intelligence artificielle." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5284.
Повний текст джерелаHistace, Aymeric. "Détection et suivi robustes de structures sur des séquences d'images : application à l'IRM cardiaque marquée." Angers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ANGE0022.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is dealing with the detection and the follow-up of structures in image sequences. We show that the integration of original external energies in a simple active contours model can lead to precise and reliable data detections. This work is presented through a particular application : the study of tagged cardiac MRI sequences. The study of those sequences can be divided into two parts : a detection and a follow-up of the internal and external boundaries of the Left Ventricle and a detection and a follow-up of the grid of tags. For the achievement of the first step, we propose the integration of a particular external energy which generation is based on a texture analysis of the tagged MRI. For the second, we propose an anisotropic diffusion of the images, which leading equation is based on an informational formalism using the Extreme Physical Information process. All the obtained results has been validated by a medical expert
Mornet, Clemence. "Reconstruction couleur sous faible éclairement pour des capteurs d'images en technologie CMOS." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT112/document.
Повний текст джерелаNébouy, David. "Printing quality assessment by image processing and color prediction models." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4018/document.
Повний текст джерелаPrinting, though an old technique for surface coloration, considerably progressed these last decades especially thanks to the digital revolution. Professionals who want to meet the demands in terms of quality regarding the visual rendering of their clients thus want to know to which extent human observers are sensitive to the degradation of an image. Such questions regarding the perceived quality of a reproduced image can be split into two different topics: the printing quality as capacity of a printing system of accurately reproduce an original digital image, and the printed image quality which results from both the reproduction quality and the quality of the original image itself. The first concept relies on physical analysis of the way the original image is deteriorated when transferred onto the support, and we propose to couple it with a sensorial analysis, which aims at assessing perceptual attributes by giving them a value on a certain scale, determined with respect to reference samples classified by a set of observers. The second concept includes the degradation due to the printing plus the perceived quality of the original image, not in the scope of this work. In this report, we focus on the printing quality concept. Our approach first consists in the definition of several printing quality indices, based on measurable criteria using assessment tools based on “objective” image processing algorithms and optical models on a printed-then-scanned image. PhD work made in Hubert Curien Laboratory