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1
Bouguecha, S., B. Hamrouni, and M. Dhahbi. "Small scale desalination pilots powered by renewable energy sources: case studies." Desalination 183, no. 1-3 (November 2005): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.03.032.
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Agostinelli, Sofia, Mehdi Neshat, Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Giuseppe Piras, and Davide Astiaso Garcia. "Integrating Renewable Energy Sources in Italian Port Areas towards Renewable Energy Communities." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 13720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113720.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The impact of ports on urban areas’ decarbonization to reduce air and environmental pollution effects to achieve sustainable development is undeniable, especially in the marine transportation sector. In this case, applied studies that can contribute to existing knowledge on increasing ports’ energy self-sufficiency using renewable energy sources (RESs) are critical and necessary. In this study, firstly, (1) the RESs assessment prioritization methodology was designed for Lazio ports. Additionally, (2) long-term solar radiation and wind speed were analyzed using the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) dataset of Lazio ports. Furthermore, (3) the time-series, normal-distribution and correlation methods were applied to the generated energy source, based on various parameters of the RESs used in the ports. Finally, (4) Italian port areas, towards renewable energy community (REC) scenarios, were analyzed and developed.
3
Yousefzadeh, Moslem, Manfred Lenzen, and Muhammad Arsalan Tariq. "Cooling and Power from Waste and Agriculture Residue as a Sustainable Strategy for Small Islands—A Case Study of Tonga." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010537.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Identifying local energy sources and devising a circular economy could improve self-sufficiency in many Pacific Islands. On the islands with significant agriculture, the residue from the cultivation of plants has promising energy potential. The waste stream is another potential source of energy that otherwise should undergo proper treatment. Additionally, cold-storage capacity improves the preservation of crops and increases the agricultural exports of these islands. This study proposes a combined cooling and power (CCP) system driven by biomass from agriculture residue and waste streams as fuel for different districts in Tonga. The units supply a fraction of the districts’ electricity demand and provide sufficient cold-storage capacity to preserve the prospective yield of a fraction of fallow lands. The technical and economic performance of the CCP units was analysed for different fractions of electricity demand and fallow land exploitation in each district during a year of operation. The results show that the optimum combination of the CCP units supplies 38% of the total electricity demand of Tonga and prevents the annual consumption of 7.4 million litres of diesel and emission of 20 kilotonnes of CO2. In addition, it provides 3700 m2 of cold-storage area, which is sufficient for preserving the prospective yield of the exploitation of 27% of the total fallow land of Tonga. Annual export revenue of about AU$10 million is expected from such a cold-storage capacity for Tongan farmers. Furthermore, the units consume 10,000 tonnes of annual waste, significantly reducing waste management costs. This study presents an example of a comprehensive circular-economy solution for a remote island state that improves its socioeconomic and environmental condition by supplying the community’s local needs from its available and abundant resources under a viable business model. The solution presented in this study can be adapted to many island communities with significant agriculture in the economy and crucial energy and cooling needs.
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Desai, B. G. "Case Studies for Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in Power Grid – Lessons for India." Current Science 120, no. 12 (June 25, 2021): 1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v120/i12/1827-1832.
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Urbano, E. M., A. D. Gonzalez-Abreu, K. Kampouropoulos, and L. Romeral. "Uncertainty analysis for industries investing in energy equipment and renewable energy sources." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.234.
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This paper studies the optimal design and operation of new energy equipment including renewable energy sources for prosumer industries. In order to augment the interest of industries in performing energy actions, the economic parameters of the investment are analysed and the risk related to it considering the uncertainty in energy markets is evaluated. A two-stage optimization approach is proposed considering the whole lifetime of the energy equipment and an uncertainty analysis performed through the evaluation of the deterministic model under Latin Hypercube Samples of uncertain parameters. A case study based on a real industry is presented, whose results expose the robustness of the optimization methodology and the acceptable risk of investing in renewable energy sources and energy equipment for prosumer purposes.
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Abdeltawab, Hussein M., and Yasser A. I. Mohamed. "Distributed Battery Energy Storage Co-Operation for Renewable Energy Sources Integration." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 5517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205517.
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This paper presents a multiagent system (MAS) day-ahead co-operation framework between renewable energy resources (RESs) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) owned by different stakeholders. BESSs offer their storage services to RESs by shifting RES power to sell it during profitable peak-hours (aka; time-shifting). The MAS framework consists of three phases. Phase-one is a pre-auction phase that defines the maximum charging and discharging BESS power limits. These limits guarantee a reliable distribution system operation without violating the buses’ voltage limits or the ampacity of the branches. Phase-two is an auctioning phase between the BESS-agents and the RES-agents. Each agent has a different owner with a specific profit agenda and risk levels. The agent tries to maximize the profit potential of the owner. The agents use historical trade data and expected weather conditions to maximize profitability. Phase-three is called the post-auctioning phase, in which the agreement between the BESS- and RES-agents is finalized, and the agents are ready for another 3-phases trade. Case studies compare different auctioning strategies and prove the effectiveness of the proposed MAS system.
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Caiaffa, Emanuela, Maurizio Pollino, and Alessandro Marucci. "A GIS Based Methodology in Renewable Energy Sources Sustainability." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2014070102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The exploitation of renewable energy sources has assumed a significant role, especially in an integrated vision of problems concerning energy policies, The 2009/28/EC Directive of the European Parliament and Council has indicated ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 (according to the so-called “EU2020 Strategy”): greenhouse gas emissions reduction for 20%, renewable energy increase for 20%, improvement in energy efficiency for 20%. The aim of this paper is to present a GIS based methodology able to support decision-making in energy supply from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), focusing on two specific case-studies: Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind energy. To decide what type of renewable energy font is the best choice for a specific territory, it's important to know the local energetic situation, exploring the potential renewable energy sources available in that specific area, deciding what is the territory more compatible/sustainable among them, and if it's exploitable by suitable environmental and economic point of view. The methodology is largely directed towards the development of a tool to support siting decision.
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Vukovic, Natalia Anatolievna, and Daria Evgenievna Nekhorosheva. "Renewable Energy in Smart Cities: Challenges and Opportunities by the Case Study of Russia." Smart Cities 5, no. 4 (September 20, 2022): 1208–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5040061.
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This study analyzes the development of renewable energy sources and factors affecting the choice of energy source. Also, we focus on the renewable energy programs implemented in the smart cities of the world and apply the prospects of its development to a Russian case study, using the method of cluster analysis. The results of the study showed that the share of renewable energy in Russian cities might reach 50% by 2050. However, the analysis demonstrates that currently, the average value is less than 26%. The results of the study show that the overall level of development of renewable sources in a particular country significantly affects the level of development of renewable energy in smart cities. Finally, the results reveal that Russian smart cities should aim at a much more intensive green energy policy to implement the fundamental principles of the global strategy of Net Zero (IEA).
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Blaszke, Małgorzata, Maciej Nowak, Przemysław Śleszyński, and Bartosz Mickiewicz. "Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in the Concepts of Local Spatial Policy: The Case of Poland." Energies 14, no. 23 (November 25, 2021): 7902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14237902.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper aims to determine the role and formula of investments in renewable energy sources in Poland’s concepts of local spatial policies. It analyses 12,777 planning documents of local spatial policy (these are resolutions adopted by municipalities—in Poland there are two types of these instruments: studies of spatial development conditions and directions and local spatial development plans) in Poland enacted in 2005–2020. On this basis, local concepts were classified and related to the geographical and functional characteristics of municipalities. Poland is an interesting case study in this respect, providing a good reference point for broader international considerations. It was found that only 58.4% of Polish municipalities include renewable energy sources in their spatial policy concept. These are definitely more often urbanised municipalities. The degree of approach to renewable energy sources is also determined by the location of the municipality in the given province. The authors diagnose serious weaknesses in the Polish spatial planning system, consisting in the lack of skilful implementation of renewable energy sources into it. This is one of the reasons for the weaker development of renewable energy sources in the country. The authors consider as an innovative element of the research the analysis of the content of all spatial policy instruments in a given country, from the perspective of renewable energy sources, including proposing a way to verify these instruments.
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Agrawal, Himanshi, Akash Talwariya, Amandeep Gill, Aman Singh, Hashem Alyami, Wael Alosaimi, and Arturo Ortega-Mansilla. "A Fuzzy-Genetic-Based Integration of Renewable Energy Sources and E-Vehicles." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 3300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093300.
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E-Vehicles are used for transportation and, with a vehicle-to-grid optimization approach, they may be used for supplying a backup source of energy for renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources are integrated to maintain the demand of consumers, mitigate the active and reactive power losses, and maintain the voltage profile. Renewable energy sources are not supplied all day and, to meet the peak demand, extra electricity may be supplied through e-Vehicles. E-Vehicles with random integration may cause system unbalancing problems and need a solution. The objective of this paper is to integrate e-Vehicles with the grid as a backup source of energy through the grid-to-vehicle optimization approach by reducing active and reactive power losses and maintaining voltage profile. In this paper, three case studies are discussed: (i) integration of renewable energy sources alone; (ii) integration of e-Vehicles alone; (iii) integration of renewable energy sources and e-Vehicles in hybrid mode. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the integration and the active and reactive power losses are minimum when we used the third case.
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Manal Taha and Rashed Al-Sa’ed. "Potential application of renewable energy sources at urban wastewater treatment facilities in Palestine – three case studies." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 94 (2017): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2017.21591.
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McCornick, Peter G., Seleshi B. Awulachew, and Michael Abebe. "Water–food–energy–environment synergies and tradeoffs: major issues and case studies." Water Policy 10, S1 (March 1, 2008): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.050.
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The already complex interrelationships between water, food, energy and the environment are facing both challenges and opportunities. Rising fuel costs and increasing concerns over the effects of climate change are reinvigorating policymakers’ interest in renewable energy sources such as hydropower and bio-energy—both from biofuels as well as biomass. Development of any of these sources has the potential to generate positive economic and environmental benefits, yet, at the same time, they can cause negative food and equity impacts. This obviously entails major tradeoffs between the food, energy and environmental goals of water and energy development, allocation and management. Using both a brief global overview as well as a closer review of four case studies from India, Ethiopia, Jordon and the USA, this paper tries to (i) a present the nature of the tradeoffs under different hydrological, energy, agricultural and environmental contexts and (ii) provide some anecdotal evidence and illustrative cases for the available policy options for minimizing conflicts but maximizing synergies between water, energy, food and environment.
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Mokhtar, Mohamed, Mostafa I. Marei, Mariam A. Sameh, and Mahmoud A. Attia. "An Adaptive Load Frequency Control for Power Systems with Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 15, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020573.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The frequency of power systems is very sensitive to load variations. Additionally, with the increased penetration of renewable energy sources in electrical grids, stabilizing the system frequency becomes more challenging. Therefore, Load Frequency Control (LFC) is used to keep the frequency within its acceptable limits. In this paper, an adaptive controller is proposed to enhance the system performance under load variations. Moreover, the proposed controller overcomes the disturbances resulting from the natural operation of the renewable energy sources such as Wave Energy Conversion System (WECS) and Photovoltaic (PV) system. The superiority of the proposed controller compared to the classical LFC schemes is that it has auto tuned parameters. The validation of the proposed controller is carried out through four case studies. The first case study is dedicated to a two-area LFC system under load variations. The WECS is considered as a disturbance for the second case study. Moreover, to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller, the dynamic performance is compared with previous work based on an optimized controller in the third case study. Finally in the fourth case study, a sensitivity analysis is carried out through parameters variations in the nonlinear PV-thermal hybrid system. The novel application of the adaptive controller into the LFC leads to enhance the system performance under disturbance of different sources of renewable energy. Moreover, a robustness test is presented to validate the reliability of the proposed controller.
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Čábelková, Inna, Wadim Strielkowski, Irina Firsova, and Marina Korovushkina. "Public Acceptance of Renewable Energy Sources: a Case Study from the Czech Republic." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 5, 2020): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071742.
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The substitution of traditional energy production with renewable energy sources (RES) in the European Union (EU) represents a multidimensional issue with its pros and cons viewed differently by governments, technology companies, markets, as well as the general public. There are significant public doubts in expediency of investments in renewables in place. Our paper studies the factors related to the public opinion on renewables using a reasonable and representative sample of respondents (N = 1026) from one of the EU Member States, the Czech Republic, via a set of ordinal regression analyses with spline correction for ordinal predictors. Our results suggest that the population of the Czech Republic is split in half in its trust in renewables as a substitute to traditional energy sources. In addition, our results show that the opinions on renewables in the Czech Republic are significantly related to personal concerns on environmental protection and worries about use of nuclear energy. Moreover, we find that traditional mass media is not statistically significant, even though internet news channels and social media were statistically related to the opinions (negatively and positively, respectively). The comparison of the responses with respect to the frequency of following social media support the hypothesis of the media bubble. The empirical results indicate that public opinions on renewables are likely to be built on the information sources vulnerable to hoaxes, bubbles, and misinformation. We conclude that more media presentation on RES is needed and make some practical suggestions for the stakeholders, journalists, and relevant policymakers.
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Liu, Lei, Takeyoshi Kato, Paras Mandal, Alexey Mikhaylov, Ashraf M. Hemeida, Hiroshi Takahashi, and Tomonobu Senjyu. "Two cases studies of Model Predictive Control approach for hybrid Renewable Energy Systems." AIMS Energy 9, no. 6 (2021): 1241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2021057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<abstract><p>This work presents a load frequency control scheme in Renewable Energy Sources(RESs) power system by applying Model Predictive Control(MPC). The MPC is designed depending on the first model parameter and then investigate its performance on the second model to confirm its robustness and effectiveness over a wide range of operating conditions. The first model is 100% RESs system with Photovoltaic generation(PV), wind generation(WG), fuel cell, seawater electrolyzer, and storage battery. From the simulation results of the first case, it shows the control scheme is efficiency. And base on the good results of the first case study, to propose a second case using a 10-bus power system of Okinawa island, Japan, to verify the efficiency of proposed MPC control scheme again. In addition, in the second case, there also applied storage devices, demand-response technique and RESs output control to compensate the system frequency balance. Last, there have a detailed results analysis to compare the two cases simulation results, and then to Prospects for future research. All the simulations of this work are performed in Matlab®/Simulink®.</p></abstract>
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Pavić, Ivan, Zora Luburić, Hrvoje Pandžić, Tomislav Capuder, and Ivan Andročec. "Defining and Evaluating Use Cases for Battery Energy Storage Investments: Case Study in Croatia." Energies 12, no. 3 (January 24, 2019): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030376.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) and renewable energy sources are complementary technologies from the power system viewpoint, where renewable energy sources behave as flexibility sinks and create business opportunities for BESS as flexibility sources. Various stakeholders can use BESS to balance, stabilize and flatten demand/generation patterns. These applications depend on the stakeholder role, flexibility service needed from the battery, market opportunities and obstacles, as well as regulatory aspects encouraging or hindering integration of storage technologies. While developed countries are quickly removing barriers and increasing the integration share of BESS, this is seldom the case in developing countries. The paper identifies multiple case opportunities for different power system stakeholders in Croatia, models potential BESS applications using real-world case studies, analyzes feasibility of these investments, and discusses financial returns and barriers to overcome.
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Kim, Young-Jin, Hakju Lee, Sungwook Hwang, Wookwon Kim, Seokwoong Kim, Sung-Yul Kim, and Sungwoo Bae. "Research Needs for Realization of Zero-Carbon Power Grids with Selected Case Studies." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (February 28, 2022): 2533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052533.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The attainment of carbon neutrality requires a research agenda that addresses the technical and economic challenges that will be encountered as we progress toward 100% renewable electricity generation. Increasing proportions of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources (such as wind turbines and photovoltaic systems) render the supply-and-demand balance of VRE-dominated power grids difficult. The operational characteristics and effects of VRE inverters also require attention. Here, we examine the implications of the paradigm shift to carbon neutrality and summarize the associated research challenges in terms of system planning, operation, and stability, and the need for energy storage integration, demand-side participation, distributed control and estimation, and energy sector coupling. We also highlight the existing literature gaps, and our recent studies that can fill in the gaps, thereby facilitating the improvement of grid operation and estimation. The numerical results of comparative case studies are also provided on the operational stability and economics of power grids with a high level of VRE sources, assisting stakeholders in establishing specific roadmaps and making relevant decisions.
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Rej-Witt, Marta, and Luiza Dębska. "The use of a photovoltaic system in a single family house in Poland – case study." E3S Web of Conferences 336 (2022): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233600010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Renewable energy is becoming widely used all over the world nowadays. More single-family houses use such sources to generate heat and electricity. The article presents a case study of a house located in central Poland, in which a photovoltaic system was used, additionally with other renewable sources, such as a small wind turbine, biomass boiler and solar panels. The article describes the advantages of using renewable energy sources in the building sector considered and presents the results of experimental studies of electricity generation in a given period of time with their analysis. It turned out that the production of electricity using photovoltaic panels in autumn can support high electricity demand at this time.
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Nevzorova, Tatiana, and Vladimir Kutcherov. "The Role of Advocacy Coalitions in Shaping the Technological Innovation Systems: The Case of the Russian Renewable Energy Policy." Energies 14, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 6941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14216941.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many hydrocarbon-rich countries have recognized the global shift towards renewable energy sources, and Russia is not an exception. Drawing on two strands of literature—technological innovation systems and the advocacy coalition framework—we investigate the roles of actors and coalitions in shaping the Russian renewable energy policy and explore why particular renewable energy sources have progressed more than others, and what the main reasons are for their sudden development. The results show that the more successful renewable energy industries are those that were promoted by influential actors from traditional energy industries. Moreover, these actors also promoted the specific design of support schemes for renewable energy policy in Russia. We discuss the importance of policy process theories for understanding energy transition studies and provide specific policy recommendations for policy creation in the renewables industry.
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Halama, Arkadiusz. "Sustainable energy and development of renewable energy sources in Żywiec District (Silesian Voivodeship)." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum 21, no. 2 (May 18, 2022): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/aspal.7086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate change and human activity are the main threats to rural areas and surrounding cities. The effects of climate change are mainly an increasing temperature, but also the intensity and frequency of extreme events. Climate change and its consequences are a growing problem. One of the ways to mitigate climate change, improve the quality of the natural environment and meet international obligations is sustainable energy management and the use of renewable energy sources (the RES). The aim of the study was to evaluate the energy economy, in particular the use of the RES in the Żywiec district in 2015–2020. In the rural areas of the Żywiec district, the preferred RES are solar energy (for all communities), energy from biomass and biogas from agricultural biogas plants. It has been assumed that the increase in the use of renewable energy (in this case PV installations) in the areas in question was mainly caused by the economic incentives. After the initial period (2015–2018) of lack of interest, there was a significant increase in the number of RES installations installed. PV installations prevailed. After the analysis, it seems that the increase in interest and installation of PV installations was mainly due to attractive, local subsidy programs, which significantly improved operational efficiency and shortened the payback time on investments in photovoltaic micro-installations. The adopted hypothesis was confirmed.
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Karamov, Dmitriy N., Ilia A. Maltsev, and Bain B. Tsyrendorzhiev. "Analysis of world practices for stimulating the development of renewable energy sources. A case study for Russian conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 289 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128901017.
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This document analysis the methods of stimulating renewable energy (RES) in various countries, describes the barriers and problems that hinder the development of alternative energy. Studies conducted in countries with a developed renewable energy sector will allow us to conclude that the development incentive systems (Feed-in-tariff (FIT), Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RSP), auctions, reverse auctions and various tax incentives) have had the required impact and the government of such countries has moved to establish parity between renewable and traditional energy, as well as to optimize the systems for promoting the development of clean energy. Green energy in countries that are actively developing renewable energy are building models and infrastructures based on the experience and methods of solving the problems of countries with a developed RES support system.
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Patnaik, Samarjit, Manas Ranjan Nayak, and Meera Viswavandya. "Smart deployment of energy storage and renewable energy sources for improving distribution system efficacy." AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering 6, no. 4 (2022): 397–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/electreng.2022024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<abstract><p>Climate change, global warming, the depletion of fossil fuels, and rising energy demand are the main forces behind the increase in renewable energy sources. However, the unpredictability of power output from these renewable energy sources presents distribution system integration issues such as limited feeder capacity, unstable voltage, and network power loss. This study analyses the African vulture optimisation algorithm to determine the best allocation of distribution generators, with an emphasis on reducing the ageing of distribution transformers and delaying investment in feeders. The optimization technique provides faster global convergence and outperforms existing bio-inspired algorithms verified with benchmark uni-modal functions as a result of a larger crossover between the exploration and exploitation phases. The key aim is to decrease active power loss while simultaneously enhancing security margin and voltage stability. The IEEE 69-bus RDS system is utilised to validate the case studies for appropriate allocation of photovoltaic, wind turbine generation, and battery energy storage systems units, as well as offering the ideal energy management approach. During simulation, uncertainty on the characteristics of renewable energy source is accounted for. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm with a substantial improvement in voltage profile, the benefit of lower CO2 emissions, an increase in security margin of up to 143%, and the advantage of extending the feeder investment deferral period by more than 50 years. In addition, the distribution transformer ageing acceleration factor improves significantly in the case of an increase in load demand.</p></abstract>
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Ramirez Camargo, L., R. Zink, and W. Dorner. "SPATIOTEMPORAL MODELING FOR ASSESSING COMPLEMENTARITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN DISTRIBUTED ENERGY SYSTEMS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-4/W2 (July 10, 2015): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-4-w2-147-2015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spatial assessments of the potential of renewable energy sources (RES) have become a valuable information basis for policy and decision-making. These studies, however, do not explicitly consider the variability in time of RES such as solar energy or wind. Until now, the focus is usually given to economic profitability based on yearly balances, which do not allow a comprehensive examination of RES-technologies complementarity. Incrementing temporal resolution of energy output estimation will permit to plan the aggregation of a diverse pool of RES plants i.e., to conceive a system as a virtual power plant (VPP). This paper presents a spatiotemporal analysis methodology to estimate RES potential of municipalities. The methodology relies on a combination of open source geographic information systems (GIS) processing tools and the in-memory array processing environment of Python and NumPy. Beyond the typical identification of suitable locations to build power plants, it is possible to define which of them are the best for a balanced local energy supply. A case study of a municipality, using spatial data with one square meter resolution and one hour temporal resolution, shows strong complementarity of photovoltaic and wind power. Furthermore, it is shown that a detailed deployment strategy of potential suitable locations for RES, calculated with modest computational requirements, can support municipalities to develop VPPs and improve security of supply.
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Ionescu, Laurentiu-Mihai, Nicu Bizon, Alin-Gheorghita Mazare, and Nadia Belu. "Reducing the Cost of Electricity by Optimizing Real-Time Consumer Planning Using a New Genetic Algorithm-Based Strategy." Mathematics 8, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8071144.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To ensure the use of energy produced from renewable energy sources, this paper presents a method for consumer planning in the consumer–producer–distributor structure. The proposed planning method is based on the genetic algorithm approach, which solves a cost minimization problem by considering several input parameters. These input parameters are: the consumption for each unit, the time interval in which the unit operates, the maximum value of the electricity produced from renewable sources, and the distribution of energy production per unit of time. A consumer can use the equipment without any planning, in which case he will consume energy supplied by a distributor or energy produced from renewable sources, if it is available at the time he operates the equipment. A consumer who plans his operating interval can use more energy from renewable sources, because the planning is done in the time interval in which the energy produced from renewable sources is available. The effect is that the total cost of energy to the consumer without any planning will be higher than the cost of energy to the consumer with planning, because the energy produced from renewable sources is cheaper than that provided from conventional sources. To be validated, the proposed approach was run on a simulator, and then tested in two real-world case studies targeting domestic and industrial consumers. In both situations, the solution proposed led to a reduction in the total cost of electricity of up to 25%.
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Ogunleye, Olaoluwa Sunday, Frans Coenen, and Thomas Hoppe. "Stakeholder Perspectives on Community Energy Contributing to the Use of Renewable Energy Sources and Improving Energy Security in Nigeria." Energies 15, no. 19 (October 8, 2022): 7390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197390.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The need for improved energy security in Nigeria cannot be over-emphasized. Currently, energy security is rather poor, while access to energy is fundamental to socio-economic development and poverty alleviation. Renewable energy could potentially contribute to resolving this because renewable sources such as solar radiation are more available and sustainable, and can be set up in small generation units, meaning that it is suitable for community management and ownership. In theory, a community energy approach could well apply. In this paper, the main research question is: In what ways can community energy initiatives contribute to increasing the use of renewable energy sources and improving energy security in Nigeria according to selected stakeholders and households? A mixed methods research approach was used to answer this question, with stakeholder interviews and survey data from 124 residents in two case studies of selected housing estates in Lagos. The results show that 58% of the households and most of the stakeholders express support for community renewable energy as a viable approach for increasing energy access and greening energy supply. The present study shows that there is a need to raise awareness and support projects for effective and supportive renewable energy policy to encourage local renewable energy community formation.
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Nakamura, Hiroshi, and Masaru Nakano. "Scenario Analysis for Clean Energy Vehicles in UK Considering Introduction of Renewable Energy Sources." International Journal of Automation Technology 11, no. 4 (June 29, 2017): 592–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2017.p0592.
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For achieving a sustainable society, clean energy vehicles (CEVs), such as electric and fuel cell vehicles, can play a significant role in reducing CO2pollution in the transport sector. Each type of CEV has certain characteristics: vehicle running range, Life Cycle CO2(LCCO2), cost, fuel efficiency, etc. Therefore, in order to accomplish CO2reduction targets in the UK, this paper calculates optimized CEV portfolios by considering each CEV’s characteristics. The objective is to minimize a CEV system that includes running, vehicle manufacturing, and infrastructure costs. Constraints are defined by the vehicle sales number, vehicle price, energy price, etc. A CEV optimized portfolio is calculated for each year to provide ideas for determining future CEV policy for government and industries. Few conventional studies show optimized CEV portfolios by considering mixed rates of renewable energy sources (RES). However, they did employ one case of RES introduction rate, but this study employs many RES introduction scenarios. Results suggest that introducing a high RES date contributes to reducing EV’s LCCO2dramatically and reaching the UK target without great reduction of GVs and DVs. In the scenario of high RES introduction rate, differences are widening among EVs, GVs, and DVs in their amounts of CO2pollution.
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Solarek, Krystyna, and Marta Kubasińska. "Local Spatial Plans as Determinants of Household Investment in Renewable Energy: Case Studies from Selected Polish and European Communes." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although many factors affect the investment of individual households in renewable energy sources, we highlight one of them: the local spatial development plan. It is one of the planning tools for implementing development policies at the local level. Since it is on the basis of local spatial plans that investments are carried out on the ground, their role in the implementation of renewable energy sources is one of the most important. This article presents the results of a study of local spatial plans in terms of facilitating, on the one hand, and limiting, on the other hand, the implementation of various renewable energy investments. To a large extent, the focus was on examples of planning acts adopted in Polish communes, but they were compared with examples from other European countries. The authors focused on qualitative assessment, taking into account the regulations applicable to all investors, containing generally binding standards, which specify the development’s land use and detailed building principles. The conclusions include recommendations for the provision of local development plans.
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Hasan, A. S. M. Mominul. "Electric Rickshaw Charging Stations as Distributed Energy Storages for Integrating Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources: A Case of Bangladesh." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 22, 2020): 6119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226119.
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This exploratory research outlines an opportunity for increasing renewable energy share in Bangladesh by using electric rickshaws (e-rickshaws) as a catalyst. The overall objective of this research is to show how to utilise an existing opportunity, such as e-rickshaws, as energy storage options for integrating renewable energy sources. It proposes a grid-connected local energy system considering a battery swapping and charging station (BSCS) for e-rickshaws as a community battery energy storage (CBESS). This system was simulated using the HOMER Pro software. The simulation results show that such systems can help communities significantly reduce their dependency on the national grid by integrating solar PV locally. The proposed BSCS also shows an opportunity for battery demand reduction and circular battery management for electric rickshaws. The research also discusses the economies of scale of the proposed method in Bangladesh, and pathways for implementing microgrids and smart energy systems. The innovative concepts presented in this research will start a policy-level dialogue in Bangladesh for utilising local opportunities to find an alternative energy storage solution and provide momentum to the researchers for further studies.
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Rocha, Christian M. Moreno, Jorge D. Melo Boiler, Samira M. Muñoz Pizarro, Leidy M. Mora Higuera, and William R. Insignares Conde. "Evolution, Challenges, and Perspective in the Implementation of Projects with Renewable Energy Sources: Colombia Case." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13460.
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This work quantifies the evolution in the implementation and development of renewable energies in Colombia, as well as evidence the current challenges and development prospects. The high demand for electricity in Colombia is increasing due to the great increase in population, industry and commerce, which generates greater energy consumption and as a consequence economic, social and environmental problems. The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of the energy projects submitted to the Mining Energy Planning Group (UPME) during the last 15 years until July 2022, as well as to study the research areas with the highest performance. technology and the corresponding radiation intensity. In addition, it shows an historic information about the projects presented both not in force as of the date of closing of this investigation, classified according to their source, according to their range of power and according to its stage of implementation, finally, we made a synthesis of the new regulations governing the motivation and implementation of projects with renewable energy sources, being as this work a very good source of reference for further studies of the implementation of renewable energy sources in Colombia.
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Eweka, Ebuwa Elisabeth, Enrique Lopez-Arroyo, Christian Oluwaremilekun Medupin, Abiola Oladipo, and Luiza Cintra Campos. "Energy Landscape and Renewable Energy Resources in Nigeria: A Review." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 29, 2022): 5514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155514.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Renewable energy resource utilisation is becoming more prevalent in society and can be a sustainable method to meet rising energy demand and consumption. The International Renewable Energy Agency reports that presently, approximately 33% of total electricity output around the world is from renewable energy sources. However, in Nigeria, the World Bank reported this figure as 18.2% in 2015. It is important to understand how Nigeria can raise this average as the world moves towards less use of fossil fuels. Therefore, the aim of this work was to provide a review of the established literature, which can then be used to support the development of renewable energy systems in Nigeria. The methodology employed for the study of the literature involved a systematic review method, including identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion criterium steps. Understanding the national energy landscape is essential to support potential projects, and consequently, energy supply, demand and consumption in Nigeria are observed. The review examined renewable energy sources in Nigeria with a focus on solar and biomass/bioenergy. The levelised cost of electricity from renewable technologies was analysed, and the paper identified and evaluated past projects centered on solar and biomass, presenting three main case studies. The results indicate that solar and biomass have the most potential for energy generation in Nigeria, with 4–6.5 kWh/m2 of solar irradiation available per day and approximately 2.3 × 109 GJ bioenergy potential per year. However, solar PV is currently of most interest in Nigeria due to the lower cost of on-grid solar PV electricity, which can comfortably compete with fossil fuels. Nevertheless, costs still need to be lowered to compete fully. Finally, the findings also indicate that there is an omission in the literature surrounding the existing renewable projects and technologies in Nigeria.
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Restrepo, David, Bonie Restrepo, and Luz Adriana Trejos-Grisales. "Microgrid analysis using HOMER: a case study." DYNA 85, no. 207 (October 1, 2018): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v85n207.69375.
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The integration of renewable energy sources to create microgrids is drawing growing interest to address current energy-related challenges around the globe. Nevertheless, microgrids must be analyzed using specialized tools that allow to conduct operation, technical and economic studies. In that regard, this paper presents a case study in which the software HOMER Energy Pro was implemented to design and analyze the performance of a microgrid. Such microgrid comprises a photovoltaic system, a wind system and a diesel plant. The parameters of the energy systems are based on information about local weather conditions available in databases. Finally, this analysis is performed under two conditions: stand-alone and grid-tied.
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Malykh, E. B. "Worldwide development of renewable energy in the context of Russia’s geo-economic interests." Economics and Management 28, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2022-3-255-266.
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Aim. The presented study aims to assess the impact of the worldwide development of renewable energy on Russia’s geo-economic interests and to formulate proposals for reducing the negative aspects of such influence.Tasks. The authors examine materials related to the topic of the study; analyze trends in the development of renewable energy sources (RES) worldwide; identify threats to hydrocarbon exports from Russia associated with the development of RES; show Russia’s export potential in the hydrogen market; assess threats associated with plans for the production of hydrogen based on RES in the long term in countries that are major potential importers of hydrogen from Russia; formulate proposals for reducing the negative impact of possible threats.Methods. The research methodology includes the method of analyzing the primary data of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) on the level and pace of development of renewable energy in countries serving as major importers of energy commodities from Russia; data from the RENEWABLES 2021 (REN 21) report of the global renewable energy community, which unites the representatives of science, government, and industry; information posted on the official websites of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, the largest Russian mineral companies, and information contained in the works of Russian and foreign authors.Results. With existing technologies, renewable energy sources do not pose a significant threat to the exports of hydrocarbons from Russia for the next 5–10 years. This is due to the insignificant share of renewable energy in energy production and consumption, volatility of energy production depending on weather conditions, excess of investment in traditional energy compared to investment in renewable energy, and long-term contracts for the supply of fossil resources to China.Conclusion. During the active introduction of hydrogen energy (presumably until 2030), the demand for hydrocarbon fuel will persist if there is a tendency for its decrease In the long term, the development of renewable energy will inevitably lead to the replacement of Russian hydrogen imports with green hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources in importing countries. In this case, the global demand for hydrogen exports will inevitably fall, as will the demand for CO2 capture and storage services; the global price of hydrogen will decrease. During this period, it is advisable to specialize in the export of technologies, including in the field of hydrogen energy.
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Salkuti, Surender Reddy. "Optimal Operation of Microgrid considering Renewable Energy Sources, Electric Vehicles and Demand Response." E3S Web of Conferences 87 (2019): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198701007.
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This paper proposes a new optimal operation of Microgrids (MGs) in a distribution system with wind energy generators (WEGs), solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems, battery energy storage (BES) systems, electric vehicles (EVs) and demand response (DR). To reduce the fluctuations of wind, solar PV powers and load demands, the BES systems and DR are utilized in the proposed hybrid system. The detailed modeling of WEGs, solar PV units, load demands, BES systems and EVs has been presented in this paper. The objective considered here is the minimization of total operating cost of microgrid, and it is formulated by considering the cost of power exchange between the main power grid and microgrid, cost of wind and solar PV energy systems, cost of BES systems, EVs and the cost due to the DR in the system. Simulations are performed on a test microgrid, and they are implemented using GAMS software. Various case studies are performed with and without considering the proposed hybrid system.
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Malec, Karel, Socrates Kraido Majune, Elena Kuzmenko, Joseph Phiri, Rahab Liz Masese Nyamoita, Seth Nana Kwame Appiah-Kubi, Mansoor Maitah, et al. "Energy Logistic Regression and Survival Model: Case Study of Russian Exports." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010885.
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The importance of environmental sustainability is becoming more and more obvious, so the rationale behind long-term usage of solely non-renewable energy sources appeared questionable. This study aims to identify, using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and logistic regressions, the main determinants that affect the duration of Russian non-renewable energy exports to different regions of the world. Data were retrieved from the databanks of the World Development Indicators (WDI), World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS), and the French Centre for Prospective studies and International Information (CEPII). The obtained results point to the fact that approximately 52% of energy products survive beyond their first year of trading, nearly 38% survive beyond the second year, and almost 18% survive to the twelfth year. The survival of Russian non-renewable energy exports differs depending on the region, and the affecting factors are of different importance. The duration of Russian non-renewable energy exports is significantly linked to Russia’s GDP, Total export, and Initial export values. A decline in Russia’s GDP by 1% is associated with an increasing probability of a spell ending by 2.9% on average, in turn growing Total export and Initial export values positively linked with the duration of non-renewable energy exports from Russia. These findings may have practical relevance for strategic actions aimed at approaching both energy security and environmental sustainability.
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Nawal, Taleb, Bentouati Bachir, Chettih Saliha, Harrouz Abdelkader, and Ragab El-Sehiemy. "Renewable Energy Sources Scheduling Approach for Windfarm Layout Optimization by Using Ant Lion Optimization Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 905 (February 15, 2022): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-1bvgm9.
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The increasing penetration of RES and the intermittent nature of various distributed power generation (DG) resources have created uncertainty in variable power production and power systems. The overall energy output of a wind farm may be optimized by strategically positioning wind turbines. This paper proposes a three-step strategy to dealing with the difficult-to-control problem of wind farm layout optimization. To construct the non-wake and wake impacts at various levels, three case scenarios are studied. The proposed strategy is used to a particular Ant-Lion Optimization Algorithm (ALOA) as a novel approach to producing highly efficient optimal output power, as well as case studies using actual wind data assessing potential turbine site. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the suggested approach is robust in ALOA design because it further reduces the objective function on the best new outcomes to implement all network restrictions acquired via the analysis.
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Li, Qingtao, Jianxue Wang, Yao Zhang, Yue Fan, Guojun Bao, and Xuebin Wang. "Multi-Period Generation Expansion Planning for Sustainable Power Systems to Maximize the Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031083.
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The increasing penetration of renewable energy brings great challenges to the planning and operation of power systems. To deal with the fluctuation of renewable energy, the main focus of current research is on incorporating the detailed operation constraints into generation expansion planning (GEP) models. In most studies, the traditional objective function of GEP is to minimize the total cost (including the investment and operation cost). However, in power systems with high penetration of renewable energy, more attention has been paid to increasing the utilization of renewable energy and reducing the renewable energy curtailment. Different from the traditional objective function, this paper proposes a new objective function to maximize the accommodation of renewable energy during the planning horizon, taking into account short-term operation constraints and uncertainties from load and renewable energy sources. A power grid of one province in China is modified as a case study to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model. Numerical results show that the proposed GEP model could install more renewable power plants and improve the accommodation of renewable energy compared to the traditional GEP model.
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Madhavaram, Poornachandra Reddy, and Manimozhi M. "Smart Energy Management Strategy for Microgrids Powered by Heterogeneous Energy Sources and Electric Vehicles’ Storage." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 19, 2022): 7739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207739.
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The rapid growths of power demand and renewable resources have led to numerous challenges. Constructing more resilient microgrids (MGs) provides an opportunity to avoid dependency on the main grid. This article proposes an innovative Energy Management Strategy (EMS) for microgrids that uses non-conventional energy sources such as solar power, wind power, and the storage of electric vehicles (EVs). Numerous studies have been published on MG EMSs using storage; however, in real-time scenarios, predominant factors limit their straightforward implementation. In this article, an attempt is made to address key aspects of EV storage exploitation to support MGEMSs. Minimizing the total MG energy cost is the key objective, considering EV battery longevity and technical limitations. The proposed EMS was implemented in three layers: Optimal Storage Distribution (OSD), Optimal Power Usage (OPU), and EV Selection (EVS). A novel probabilistic approach was implemented in the EVS process (using a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC)) to minimize battery degradation. Various case studies were analyzed in a grid-connected MG by implementing the proposed EMS.
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Pepiciello, Antonio, Alfredo Vaccaro, and Mario Mañana. "Robust Optimization of Energy Hubs Operation Based on Extended Affine Arithmetic." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 24, 2019): 2420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122420.
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Traditional energy systems were planned and operated independently, but the diffusion of distributed and renewable energy systems led to the development of new modeling concepts, such as the energy hub. The energy hub is an integrated paradigm, based on the challenging idea of multi-carrier energy systems, in which multiple inputs are conditioned, converted and stored in order to satisfy different types of energy demand. To solve the energy hub optimal scheduling problem, uncertainty sources, such as renewable energy production, price volatility and load demand, must be properly considered. This paper proposes a novel methodology, based on extended Affine Arithmetic, which enables the solving of the optimal scheduling problem in the presence of multiple and heterogeneous uncertainty sources. Realistic case studies are presented and discussed in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
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Gasparovic, Goran, Siir Kilkis, Goran Krajacic, and Neven Duic. "Campus and community micro grids integration of building integrated photovoltaic renewable energy sources: Case study of Split 3 area, Croatia - part A." Thermal Science 20, no. 4 (2016): 1135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151203080g.
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Micro grids interconnect loads and distributed energy resources as a single controllable entity. New installations of renewable energy sources (RES) in urban areas, such as Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV), provide opportunities to increase energy independence and diversify energy sources in the energy system. This paper explores the integration of RES into two case study communities in an urban agglomeration to provide optimal conditions to meet a share of the electrical loads. Energy planning case studies for decentralized generation of renewable energy are conducted in H2RES energy planning software for hourly energy balances. The results indicate that BIPV and PV in the case study communities can cover about 17% of the recorded electrical demand of both areas. On a yearly basis, there will be a 0.025 GWh surplus of PV production with a maximum value of 1.25 MWh in one hour of operation unless grid storage is used. This amounts to a total investment cost of 13.36 million EUR. The results are useful for proposing future directions for the various case study communities targeting sustainable development.
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Pérez-Denicia, Eduardo, Fabián Fernández-Luqueño, and Darnes Vilariño-Ayala. "Suitability assessment for electricity generation through renewable sources: towards sustainable energy production." CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29047/01225383.260.
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Power generation through renewable sources is an effective alternative to mitigate climate change as its environmental impact is lower compared to fossil fuels. However, socio-economic problems are constant in sites where power plants are installed, especially in developing countries. In this paper, an innovative methodology was developed to assess the suitability of electricity generation through solar, wind, and biomass energy. Unlike most studies found in scientific literature, this work considers social, environmental, and economic aspects as key to determine the suitability of energy projects. First, we carried out a comprehensive analysis on social acceptance and resilience towards renewable energy and the conditions for communities to benefit from these projects; then, we analyzed the availability and capacity of renewable energy sources in Mexico, as a case study. Next, a set of indicators related to the three pillars of sustainability was developed to assess the conditions of each place with the best renewable resources in the country. The life cycle and capacity factor of each technology were also considered. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed to determine the most suitable locations and technologies for power generation. The results show a trend towards the states of northern Mexico, especially those bordering the United States, as the most viable for electricity generation. The most appropriate technology is wind energy. Finally, Oaxaca, the state with the best wind resources and current leader in wind power generation in Mexico is, by contrast, the least viable state for wind generation, as has been later confirmed by scientific evidence, as wind facilities are associated with severe socio-cultural and economic damage in host communities in this state.
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Ferrero Bermejo, Jesús, Juan F. Gómez Fernández, Fernando Olivencia Polo, and Adolfo Crespo Márquez. "A Review of the Use of Artificial Neural Network Models for Energy and Reliability Prediction. A Study of the Solar PV, Hydraulic and Wind Energy Sources." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (May 5, 2019): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091844.
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The generation of energy from renewable sources is subjected to very dynamic changes in environmental parameters and asset operating conditions. This is a very relevant issue to be considered when developing reliability studies, modeling asset degradation and projecting renewable energy production. To that end, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models have proven to be a very interesting tool, and there are many relevant and interesting contributions using ANN models, with different purposes, but somehow related to real-time estimation of asset reliability and energy generation. This document provides a precise review of the literature related to the use of ANN when predicting behaviors in energy production for the referred renewable energy sources. Special attention is paid to describe the scope of the different case studies, the specific approaches that were used over time, and the main variables that were considered. Among all contributions, this paper highlights those incorporating intelligence to anticipate reliability problems and to develop ad-hoc advanced maintenance policies. The purpose is to offer the readers an overall picture per energy source, estimating the significance that this tool has achieved over the last years, and identifying the potential of these techniques for future dependability analysis.
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Tamašauskas, Rokas, Jolanta Šadauskienė, Dorota Anna Krawczyk, and Violeta Medelienė. "Analysis of Primary Energy Factors from Photovoltaic Systems for a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB): A Case Study in Lithuania." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 7, 2020): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164099.
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Following a new climate and energy plan, the European Union (EU) gives big attention to energy savings. The overall assessment of energy saving measures is very important. Thus, it is crucial to estimate in a proper way the primary energy factor, which is used in calculations of primary energy consumption from renewable energy (RE) sources in a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB). The conduced studies of the literature and national regulations showed that different methods to determine energy from photovoltaic (PV) systems are used. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the primary energy factors of energy from photovoltaics and determine the average value. To achieve this aim, the data of 30 photovoltaic systems from Lithuania were analyzed. The results show a 35% diversification in the values of non-renewable primary energy factor, depending on the PV systems’ capacities, with the average on a level of 1.038.
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Czaplicka-Kotas, Agnieszka, Joanna Kulczycka, and Natalia Iwaszczuk. "Energy Clusters as a New Urban Symbiosis Concept for Increasing Renewable Energy Production—A Case Study of Zakopane City." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 5634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145634.
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One of the priority lines of action in Poland is to increase energy production from renewable energy sources (RESs). Based on the “Poland’s national energy and climate plan for the years 2021–2030”, Poland aims to achieve 21%–23% of RES share in gross final energy consumption by 2030. While coal is still the most important source of energy, new technological and organisational solutions for increasing RESs are being tested and implemented. Therefore, the creation of energy clusters based on the idea of urban and industrial symbiosis was first proposed by the Ministry of Energy in 2016. To date, there are 66 clusters in different regions in Poland, but only a few of them are active and innovative. One of them is located in the city of Zakopane, a mountain resort, which attracts about 3 million tourists annually and has developed the wide-ranging use of geothermal sources for energy supply and recreation. The paper aims to analyse the impact of the creation of energy clusters on the city’s development, including economic, social, and environmental aspects. The “willingness to pay” (WTP) method was used to calculate the impact of air pollution on Zakopane and to compare it with the Polish average to estimate the significance of the transformation to RESs in this tourist city. The results from the studies are as follows: health cost per capita in Zakopane is between 252.07 and 921.30 euro. The investigations presented can be the basis for recommendations in strategic documents in the field of regional development and environmental protection, especially on the use and promotion of urban symbiosis for increasing use of RESs.
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Savastano, Marco, Marta-Christina Suciu, Irina Gorelova, and Gheorghe-Alexandru Stativă. "Smart grids, prosumers and energy management within a smart city integrated system." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 14, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 1121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2020-0105.
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AbstractDue to a significant increase in electricity consumption globally, governments have to look and to identify better, more efficient and effective alternatives and sustainable energy sources to meet this high demand. This becomes more and more important in the context of implementing modern approaches such as those that might be applied in cases of smart cities and cultural and creative communities. Electricity can be produced based on conventional sources, but also on an emergent use of renewable sources. The electricity grid is usually designed as unidirectional. We consider that in case of smart cities and creative-innovative communities there is a need to implement mostly new smart grids that are bidirectional. This may allow and support the emergency of a new type of electricity user, called “prosumers”, who produces electricity from renewable sources, next uses & shares them smartly within the smart grid and finally stores them. Globally, photovoltaic energy prosumers are considered one of the most important actors in the energy transition and seem to be ready to introduce significant amounts of electricity within the grid. We anticipate that people living in households in smart cities and communities among most regions of the world will tend in the future to improve their self-consumption from the production of smart energy. This paper supports the idea that using mostly electricity from renewable alternative sources, especially solar, can be also developed with the help of households acting within smart cities and communities. The paper will also present briefly an overview of the scientific literature dedicated to this topic. We will also provide further interesting insights through a number of case studies representing good practices regarding prosumers in Italy and Romania.
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Sarbu, Ioan, Matei Mirza, and Daniel Muntean. "Integration of Renewable Energy Sources into Low-Temperature District Heating Systems: A Review." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 6523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186523.
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This article presents a complex and exhaustive review of the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) (specifically solar, geothermal, and hydraulic energies and heat pumps (HPs)) and the improvement of water pumping in district heating systems (DHSs) focused on low-temperature systems, to increase energy efficiency and environmental protection. For this aim, the main components of a DHS and the primary RES with applications in DHSs were described briefly. Finally, several case studies regarding the DHS in Timisoara, Romania, were analysed. Thus, by integrating water source HP (WSHP) systems in cooperation with solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) collectors and reducing the supply temperature from 110 °C to 30 °C in DHS, which supplies the water radiators to consumers in a district of this city in a 58/40 °C regime of temperatures and produces domestic hot water (DHW) required by consumers at 52 °C, a thermal energy saving of 75%, a reduction in heat losses on the transmission network of 90% and a diminution of CO2 emissions of 77% were obtained. Installed PV panels generate 1160 MWh/year of electricity that is utilised to balance the electricity consumption of HP systems. Additionally, mounting pumps as turbines (PATs) for the recovery of excess hydraulic energy in the entire heating network resulted in electricity production of 378 MW, and the variable frequency drive’s (VFD) method for speed control for a heating station pump resulted in roughly 38% more energy savings than the throttle control valve technique.
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Nirmal, Swati, and Tanu Rizvi. "A Review of Renewable Energy Systems for Industrial Applications." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 1740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46903.
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Abstract: Integrated renewable energy systems have numerous advantages and benefits compared to conventional energy systems, such as decentralized energy production, environmental impact reduction, and better energy security. Renewable energy systems can be classified under various categories: solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal, and ocean. The integration of these renewable energy resources can bring sustainable solutions and multiple products. The case studies signify the potential integration options of renewable energy systems including energy storage. Non-conventional renewable energy sources and systems (RESS) including but not limited to biomass, biogas, geothermal etc are increasingly playing an important role for electric power distribution and storage. The idea is to develop a resilient energy infrastructure minimizing the cost of remote power and support green and sustainable development efforts. Smart Grids use digital technologies and IOT solutions to intelligently react and adapt to changes in the Grid. Siemens Accelerator for Grids portfolio is the key to exploit the data in the grid. This allows operators to make grid operation more flexible, cost-efficient, more reliable, maintainable, safer and therefore, feasible.
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Khan, Zafar A., Muhammad Imran, Abdullah Altamimi, Ogheneruona E. Diemuodeke, and Amged Osman Abdelatif. "Assessment of Wind and Solar Hybrid Energy for Agricultural Applications in Sudan." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In addition to zero-carbon generation, the plummeting cost of renewable energy sources (RES) is enabling the increased use of distributed-generation sources. Although the RES appear to be a cheaper source of energy, without the appropriate design of the RES with a true understanding of the nature of the load, they can be an unreliable and expensive source of energy. Limited research has been aimed at designing small-scale hybrid energy systems for irrigation pumping systems, and these studies did not quantify the water requirement, or in turn the energy required to supply the irrigation water. This paper provides a comprehensive feasibility analysis of an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system for the design of a water-pumping system for irrigation applications in Sudan. A systematic and holistic framework combined with a techno-economic optimization analysis for the planning and design of hybrid renewable energy systems for small-scale irrigation water-pumping systems is presented. Different hybridization cases of solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and battery storage at 12 different sites in Sudan are simulated, evaluated, and compared, considering the crop water requirement for different crops, the borehole depth, and the stochasticity of renewable energy resources. Soil, weather, and climatic data from 12 different sites in Sudan were used for the case studies, with the key aim to find the most robust and reliable solution with the lowest system cost. The results of the case studies suggest that the selection of the system is highly dependent on the cost, the volatility of the wind speed, solar radiation, and the size of the system; at present, hybridization is not the primary option at most of sites, with the exception of two. However, with the reduction in price of wind technology, the possibility of hybrid generation will rise.
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Marinescu, Corneliu. "Progress in the Development and Implementation of Residential EV Charging Stations Based on Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010179.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Charging electric vehicles (EVs) is of great concern both for future vehicle owners and grid operators, with charging at home being the preferred solution by 90% of owners. In addition, the supplied electricity needs to be clean in order to reduce emissions. This paper presents solutions for charging EVs at home using renewable electricity that fulfils such needs. It discusses: (1) the current landscape; (2) the latest hardware developments in the fields of renewable sources and storage; (3) software optimization for home energy management; (4) residential charging station standards and incentives offered by governments; (5) the evolution towards designing smart homes with low energy consumption from the grid; (6) case studies of particular interest.
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Tarpani, Elena, Cristina Piselli, Claudia Fabiani, Ilaria Pigliautile, Eelke J. Kingma, Benedetta Pioppi, and Anna Laura Pisello. "Energy Communities Implementation in the European Union: Case Studies from Pioneer and Laggard Countries." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 12528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912528.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Energy communities are a promising strategy for a global energy transition. European Union (EU) regulatory frameworks are already established and clearly explained, aiming to develop as many projects as possible in the different European countries. Accordingly, it is necessary to present two different types of countries: the laggards and the pioneers, two categories that highlight the discrepancies in policy, bureaucracy, culture, and usage of alternative sources and technologies, such as renewable energy, towards the implementation of energy communities. This work compares two representative case studies to qualitatively understand the differences between laggard and pioneer countries: Italy and the Netherlands, respectively. The regulatory framework and the solid points/shortcomings of each country are explained first. Thereafter, an accurate description of the two selected case study communities and their different peculiarities is provided. Finally, the main similarities and differences are stressed to discuss the lessons to be learned in laggard and pioneer countries. Five pillars for the development and uptake of energy communities are identified related to regulations, economic benefits, technical limitations, sustainability, and social awareness. These outcomes suggest the importance of policy management, and stress the limitations of governance in helping policymakers and experts to support the energy transition.
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Dawelbait, Gihan, Andreas Henschel, Toufic Mezher, and Wei Lee Woon. "Forecasting Renewable Energy Technologies in Desalination and Power Generation Using Taxonomies." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2011070105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Renewable Energy (RE) technologies are increasingly viewed as crucially important. Knowledge that helps to predict the likely growth of emergent technologies is essential for well-informed technology management. The vast amount of available data in publications hinders the acquisition and analysis of this knowledge. Therefore, there is a need for intelligent search techniques capable of grouping semantically similar concepts together, such that, for example, terms containing “photovoltaic” are hierarchically subsumed under solar energy-related technologies. Consequently, articles related to “Photovoltaics” should be included in the analysis. To accommodate this in an automated fashion, the authors deploy a renewable energy taxonomy for comprehensive trend discovery in publications and patents. This taxonomy is based on the hierarchical structure of Wikipedia categories and their subordinate Wikipedia terms. This paper analyzes promising trends of renewable energy sources in two case studies: power generation and desalination techniques.