Дисертації з теми "Renal histology"
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Custodio, Marcelo Graziano. "Análise morfológica renal de ratas prenhes submetidas ao estresse." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-11122006-102216/.
This study evaluated the kidneys from pregnant and non-pregnant Wistar rats exposed to chronic stress and its respective control groups. The chronic stress consisted of noise exposure (30 minutes of 100-dB each two hours interval) and super-population between the 7th and 14th day and the acute stress of thirty minutes immobilization in the 18th of pregnancy two days before the end of the experiment. All the rats were killed in the 20th day of protocol. The kidneys were studied and also the weight of the rats in the 1st, 7th, 14th and 20th day, the caudal artery blood pressure in the 5th and 18th day, and the fetus and placentas weight. There were not seen any alteration using light microscopy in the kidney of rats submitted to stress; although it was observed a significant increase in systolic (154.4 ± 14.2 mmHg) and diastolic (89.0 ± 8.7 mmHg) caudal blood pressure in the 18th day in the pregnant stress group (p < 0.05) in relation to the control group (129.1 ± 13.1 mmHg and 79.9 ± 18.1 mmHg, respectively) and a decrease in fetal (2.54 ± 0.32g) and placenta (0.53 ± 0.09g) weight in the 20th day in the pregnant stress group (p < 0.001) in relation to the control group (2.95 ± 0.53g and 0.60 ± 0.08g, respectively). The analyzed model may be employed to evaluate the intrauterine growth restriction in rats, caused by chronic stress, probably induced by hypertension during the pregnancy
Brant, Stephen. "Distribution of renal S100 proteins in physiological and pathological models." Thesis, University of East London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342101.
White, S. J. "Anion transport in the renal proximal tubule of the rat." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376286.
Poucher, S. M. "Changes in renal function from carotid baroreceptor and chemoreceptor stimulation in anaesthetised dogs." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355706.
Oliveira, Paola Rosa de. "Caracterização morfo-histológica do segmento sexual renal e espermatogênese de Notomabuya frenata (Cope, 1862) e Aspronema dorsivittatum (Cope, 1862) (Squamata, Mabuyidae)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4818.
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Dentre os estudos sobre características reprodutivas de lagartos, muitos são realizados com espécies de regiões temperadas. Diferentes fatores podem influenciar no ciclo reprodutivo das espécies de lagartos neotropicais como umidade, temperatura e pluviosidade, sendo este último determinante em regiões tropicais. Estudos sobre a biologia reprodutiva de lagartos do gênero Mabuya revelaram características peculiares da reprodução e da história de vida; com isso pode ser considerado um táxon modelo para estudos sobre a evolução dos padrões reprodutivos em vertebrados. As espécies Notomabuya frenata e Aspronema dorsivittatum, apesar de apresentarem alguns aspectos reprodutivos conhecidos, muitas de suas características ainda são desconhecidas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar morfohistologicamente o segmento sexual renal (SSR) e a espermatogênese de N. frenata e A. dorsivittatum. Os espécimes utilizados neste estudo foram coletados em uma área do bioma Cerrado no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os rins foram analisados através de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura; e os testículos apenas com microscopia de luz. Ao analisar os rins, constatou-se a presença do SSR apenas em machos sexualmente maduros. O SSR se apresentou revestido por células colunares altas, com núcleo basal e a porção apical repleta de grânulos secretores; tais características morfo-histológicas observadas em ambas as espécies são similares as observadas em outros estudos com diferentes espécies de Squamata. Os testículos foram processados de acordo com técnicas de histologia convencional e analisados por microscopia de luz. Todos os espécimes machos adultos analisados estavam em período reprodutivo, pois apresentavam espermatozoides nos testículos e/ou epidídimos. O epitélio germinativo de ambas as espécies era composto por células germinativas e células de Sertoli, x apresentando um ciclo reprodutivo contínuo. O epidídimo das espécies estudadas apresentouse revestido por epitélio colunar simples, com células altas, núcleos basais e o lúmen completamente preenchido por espermatozoides. Os espécimes de N. frenata e A. dorsivittatum analisadas apresentaram o epitélio germinativo organizado de forma similar a outros Squamatas anteriormente estudados. Existem poucos estudos que abordem a descrição morfo-histológica do segmento sexual renal, células germinativas e espermatogênese de lagartos brasileiros. Dessa forma, o presente estudo acrescenta, não somente o conhecimento sobre a biologia reprodutiva nessas espécies, mas auxilia numa maior compreensão sobre estratégia e biologia reprodutivas em espécies vivíparas e neotropicais.
Among the studies on the reproductive characteristics of lizards, many are carried out with species of temperate regions. Different factors may influence the reproductive cycle of neotropical lizard species such as humidity, temperature and rainfall, being the latter determinant in tropical regions. Studies on the reproductive biology of lizards of the genus Mabuya revealed peculiar characteristics of the reproduction and the history of life; with this it can be considered a model taxon for studies on the evolution of the reproductive patterns in vertebrates. The species Notomabuya frenata and Aspronema dorsivittatum, although presenting some known reproductive aspects, many of its characteristics are still unknown. In this context, the objective of the present study was to characterize the morphologically the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) and the spermatogenesis of N. frenata and A. dorsivittatum. The specimens used in this study were collected in an area of the Cerrado biome in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The kidneys were analyzed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy; and the testis only with light microscopy. When analyzing the kidneys, the presence of SSK was only found in sexually mature males. The SSK was coated by high columnar cells with basal nucleus and the apical portion filled with secretory granules; Such morpho-histological characteristics observed in both species are similar to those observed in other studies with different Squamata species. The testes were processed according to standard histology techniques and analyzed by light microscopy. All the adult male specimens analyzed were in the reproductive period, as they had spermatozoa in the testis and / or epididymis. The germinal epithelium of both species was composed of germ cells and Sertoli cells, presenting a continuous reproductive cycle. The epididymis of the species studied was coated by simple xii columnar epithelium, with high cells, basal nucleus and the lumen completely filled by spermatozoa. The specimens of N. frenata and A. dorsivittatum analyzed presented the germinative epithelium organized in a similar way to other Squamata previously studied. There are few studies that address the morpho-histological description of the renal sexual segment, germ cells and spermatogenesis of Brazilian lizards. Thus, the present study not only adds knowledge about reproductive biology in these species, but also aids in a better understanding of reproductive strategy and biology in viviparous and neotropical species.
Cavaglieri, Rita de Cássia. "Terapia com células-tronco na nefropatia crônica experimental: é possível bloquear a progressão da doença renal?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-19032010-125745/.
Stem cells (SCs) offer therapeutic potential for the treatment of renal diseases, due to the possibility of tissue regeneration and functional recovery. Various studies have shown renoprotection by SCs in experimental models of acute kidney disease. However, only a few studies have studied their effect in chronic kidney disease. The beneficial effect of SCs seems related to their capacity to differentiate or to secrete paracrine/endocrine factors. In this context, the inoculation route or the number of SCs homing in the injured region can play a crucial role. Therefore, transplantation of MSC through the intravenous route does not seem to be best suited for delivery of an important number of cells to the target organ. An alternative technique consists in local delivery of SCs in the subcapsular region of the kidney. The objective of the present study is to analyze the migration, distribution and potential renoprotective effect of the subcapsular inoculation of two types of SC - BSMC and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - in an experimental model of chronic kidney disease, the 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). SCs were collected from the femur and tibia of donor rats by flushing. BSMC were isolated by centrifugation on a concentration gradient and MSCs were isolated by their capacity to adhere to plastic. Both types of SC were stained with DAPI to allow visualization in tissues. SC characterization was carried out by flow cytometry and differentiation in culture. Two experimental procedures were performed. In protocol I, BSMC (106 cells) were injected in female rats and in protocol II, MSCs (2x105 cells) were injected in male rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups: SHAM, sham-operated rats; SHAM+SC, sham-operated rats receiving BSMC or MSCs; Nx, rats undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy; Nx+SC, 5/6 Nx rats receiving BSMC or MSCs. We used Massons Trichrome staining and a semiquantitative analysis according to the degree of infiltration to follow the localization of BSMC in the renal tissue and to quantify their infiltration, respectively. The following parameters were studied: arterial blood pressure (AP), proteinuria (Uprot), albuminuria (Ualb) and serum creatinine (Screat). For the animals receiving SCs, analysis of histology, of inflammatory markers, of proliferating cells and of podocytes was performed. Results from Protocol I assessing DAPI-stained BSMC showed marked infiltration in 5 days from the subcapsular region to the cortex and the medulla, including presence in the glomeruli, over a period of 15 days. Female rats that received subcapsular injection of BSMC did not show improvement of the parameters used to assess kidney function. Protocol II: cultured MSCs demonstrated an ability to adhere to plastic, to grow in colonies and to differentiate in osteogenic cells. Quantitative analysis of cell markers by flow cytometry showed that isolated cells were positive for CD44 and CD90, with a small population of cells positive for CD31, CD34 and CD45, confirming a preponderant presence of MSCs. Inoculation of MSCs in Nx rats blocked the progression of the renal disease. Elevated AP in Nx rats at 15 and 30 days (149.6 ± 9.1 and 191.7 ± 2.8 mm Hg, respectively) was significantly reduced by inoculation of MSCs at 30 days (145.2 ± 6.8 mm Hg, p<0.05 vs Nx). Nx rats showed increased creatinine at 15 and 30 days (1.13 ± 0.08 and 1.16 ± 0.26 mg/dL, respectively) that was significantly reduced by injection of MSCs at 15 days (0.58 ± 0.03 mg/dL, p<0.05 vs Nx). Albuminuria was increased in Nx rats at 15 and 30 days (41.7 ± 10.8 and 138.7 ± 33.6 mg/24h, respectively) and was reduced in the Nx+MSC group at both time points (4.6 ± 1.5, and 23.4 ± 7.7 mg/24h, respectively; p<0.0001 vs Nx). Histologic analysis showed that glomerulosclerosis at 30 days in the Nx+MSC group was significantly reduced as compared to the Nx group (5.4 ± 2.5 % vs 22.0 ± 6.1 %, p<0.0001). Analysis of interstitial fibrosis did not show difference after 15 and 30 days in the Nx+MSC group compared to Nx group. Nx rats receiving MSCs showed slightly decreased inflammation markers, macrophages and lymphocytes, and proliferating cells in the renal tissue when compared to Nx rats. Analysis of myofibroblasts showed a significant decrease in expression of -smooth muscle actin in Nx+MSC rats compared to Nx rats. Podocyte number was analyzed by detection of WT-1, a specific marker. Nx rats receiving MSC had a significantly higher number of podocytes than Nx rats. In conclusion, our results show that after inoculation in the subcapsular region, SCs migrate throughout the cortex in direction of the medulla. Subcapsular inoculation of MSC provides a renoprotective effect in the model of 5/6 nephrectomy. Therefore, subcapsular inoculation could represent an important route of delivery of SCs to the kidney that allows a higher number of cells to act in the protection from progression of the disease.
Song, Shangqing [Verfasser], and Hans-Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Anders. "A histology-based four protein array for postoperative outcome prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma / Shangqing Song ; Betreuer: Hans-Joachim Anders." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/114485718X/34.
Jaldin, Rodrigo Gibin. "Efeito do clampeamento aórtico no estresse oxidativo e na função renal durante cirurgia aórtica minimamente invasiva estudo experimental em porcos /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141496.
Coorientador: Ricardo de Alvarenga Yoshida
Resumo: Contexto: O clampeamento infrarrenal e trauma cirúrgico estão associados a alterações hemodinâmicas e oxidativas que podem comprometer a função renal pós-operatória. Ademais, a colite isquêmica é uma grave complicação da cirurgia da aorta abdominal. É possível que ocorram diferenças na fisiopatologia destas complicações associadas às diferentes modalidades de tratamento do aneurisma de aorta abdominal. Objetivo: Avaliar o estresse oxidativo, os distúrbios hemodinâmicos, lesão renal e as alterações histopatológicas em fragmentos de cólon esquerdo de porcos submetidos a modelo experimental de interrupção aguda de fluxo sanguíneo aórtico, comparando os diferentes acessos cirúrgicos: tradicional, endovascular ou videolaparoscópico. Material e Métodos: 30 porcos, fêmeas, com 15-30kg, foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, sendo todos submetidos, sob anestesia geral inalatória, a interrupção de fluxo da aorta abdominal por 60 minutos, por diferentes técnicas: Grupo C (n=10), através de laparotomia transperitoneal; Grupo L (n=10), através da técnica totalmente laparoscópica; Grupo EV(n=10), através da via endovascular por insuflação de balão de oclusão de aorta. Foi feita monitorização intraoperatória de pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, balanço hídrico e coleta de amostras de sangue antes do procedimento e 60 minutos após a reperfusão. Os desfechos primários estudados foram: volume de sangramento, estresse oxidativo sistêmico (dosagens de Malondialdeido, Glutationa Reduzi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Context: Infrarenal aortic cross-campling and surgical trauma are associated with hemodynamic and oxidative alterations that may impair postoperative renal function. Furthermore, Colonic ischemia is a relatively uncommon but devastating complication of abdominal aortic surgery. Its occurrence and severity is related to operative and anesthetic trauma. Therefore, it is a known complication of all different modalities of treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Objective: To evaluate oxidative stress, hemodynamic disorders, renal injuries and histopathological changes in the left colon fragments of pigs subjected to the experimental model of acute aortic flow interruption, comparing the approaches by laparotomy, endovascular surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 female pigs weighing 15-30 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups, all of which were subjected, under general ihaling anesthesia, to a 60-minute interruption of abdominal aortic flow by means of different techniques: C Group (n=10), through transperitonial laparotomy; L Group (n=10), through a totally laparoscopic technique; EV Group (n=10), through the endovascular procedures by insufflating the occlusion balloon of the aorta. Blood pressure, heart beat, and water balance intraoperative monitoring was performed and blood samples were collected both before the procedure and 60 minutes after reperfusion. The primary outcomes studied were: bleeding volume, systemic oxidative stress (levels... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Mosley, Claudia Foulk. "Fatemapping of Urothelial Cell Lineages During Normal Kidney Development and Renal Pathogenesis." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543231681321385.
Jaldin, Rodrigo Gibin [UNESP]. "Efeito do clampeamento aórtico no estresse oxidativo e na função renal durante cirurgia aórtica minimamente invasiva: estudo experimental em porcos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141496.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Contexto: O clampeamento infrarrenal e trauma cirúrgico estão associados a alterações hemodinâmicas e oxidativas que podem comprometer a função renal pós-operatória. Ademais, a colite isquêmica é uma grave complicação da cirurgia da aorta abdominal. É possível que ocorram diferenças na fisiopatologia destas complicações associadas às diferentes modalidades de tratamento do aneurisma de aorta abdominal. Objetivo: Avaliar o estresse oxidativo, os distúrbios hemodinâmicos, lesão renal e as alterações histopatológicas em fragmentos de cólon esquerdo de porcos submetidos a modelo experimental de interrupção aguda de fluxo sanguíneo aórtico, comparando os diferentes acessos cirúrgicos: tradicional, endovascular ou videolaparoscópico. Material e Métodos: 30 porcos, fêmeas, com 15-30kg, foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, sendo todos submetidos, sob anestesia geral inalatória, a interrupção de fluxo da aorta abdominal por 60 minutos, por diferentes técnicas: Grupo C (n=10), através de laparotomia transperitoneal; Grupo L (n=10), através da técnica totalmente laparoscópica; Grupo EV(n=10), através da via endovascular por insuflação de balão de oclusão de aorta. Foi feita monitorização intraoperatória de pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, balanço hídrico e coleta de amostras de sangue antes do procedimento e 60 minutos após a reperfusão. Os desfechos primários estudados foram: volume de sangramento, estresse oxidativo sistêmico (dosagens de Malondialdeido, Glutationa Reduzido e atividade de Glutationa Peroxidase) e lesão renal pela histologia e dosagens de Creatinina, de Cistatina-C e avaliação do estresse oxidativo no parênquima renal. Uma amostra transversal total do cólon sigmoide, logo acima de deflexão peritoneal, foi retirada para biópsia. Estas foram submetidas à análise histopatológica pelo H&E e pela imunohistoquímica da Caspase-3 por patologista cego para os grupos. Resultados: O grupo C necessitou maior reposição de cristalóide. O débito urinário foi significativamente maior no grupo EV. Houve redução da temperatura corporal ao longo do procedimento apenas nos grupos C e L e redução da pressão arterial média após a liberação do fluxo sanguíneo aórtico significantiva no grupo C. Houve aumento de Cistatina C no grupo EV. O grupo L apresentou o menor volume de diurese no intraoperatório. A análise histopatológica mostrou alterações do tipo edema e achatamento dos vilos em dois animais L e em um animal EV. Na análise pelo método da Caspase-3 houve maior número de apoptoses e menor número de neurônios nos animais EV. Conclusão: Na via endovascular ocorre manutenção da temperatura corporal e menor perda líquida. A alteração funcional renal foi mais pronunciada em EV e a lesão microestrutural mais frequente em EV e L. O grupo endovascular teve isquemia de cólon mais intensa, provavelmente relacionada com a maior manipulação endovascular com fios-guias e cateteres o que, por sua vez, pode levar a espasmos e microembolizações no leito arterial. Apesar de serem métodos menos invasivos, houve lesões renais discretas e mais pronunciadas nas técnicas endovascular e videolaparoscópica. A ausência de laparotomia e de manipulação intra-abdominal no grupo EV parece ser a grande vantagem do método em relação à estabilidade hemodinâmica intra-operatória. Estudos envolvendo maiores tempos de isquemia e de reperfusão são necessários para elucidar melhor estes efeitos da interrupção de fluxo aórtico sobre a mucosa colônica e o parênquima renal.
Context: Infrarenal aortic cross-campling and surgical trauma are associated with hemodynamic and oxidative alterations that may impair postoperative renal function. Furthermore, Colonic ischemia is a relatively uncommon but devastating complication of abdominal aortic surgery. Its occurrence and severity is related to operative and anesthetic trauma. Therefore, it is a known complication of all different modalities of treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Objective: To evaluate oxidative stress, hemodynamic disorders, renal injuries and histopathological changes in the left colon fragments of pigs subjected to the experimental model of acute aortic flow interruption, comparing the approaches by laparotomy, endovascular surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 female pigs weighing 15-30 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups, all of which were subjected, under general ihaling anesthesia, to a 60-minute interruption of abdominal aortic flow by means of different techniques: C Group (n=10), through transperitonial laparotomy; L Group (n=10), through a totally laparoscopic technique; EV Group (n=10), through the endovascular procedures by insufflating the occlusion balloon of the aorta. Blood pressure, heart beat, and water balance intraoperative monitoring was performed and blood samples were collected both before the procedure and 60 minutes after reperfusion. The primary outcomes studied were: bleeding volume, systemic oxidative stress (levels of Malondialdehyde, Reduced Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase activity) and renal injuries through histology, Creatinine and Cystatin C levels and by assessing oxidative stress on renal parenchyma. A sample of the sigmoid colon, just above the peritoneal deflection, was collected. These were subjected to histopathologic analysis by H & E and immunohistochemical by Caspase-3. Results: C needed a larger amount of crystalloid replacement. Urine output was significantly higher in the EV group. Body temperature only reduced during the procedure in groups C and L and there was a significant reduction in the mean blood pressure in C after the aorta was unclamped. L presented a lower volume of diuresis in the intraoperative period. Histopathological analysis showed changes in edema type and flattened villi in two animals from L and EV groups. Caspase-3 showed more cells undergoing apoptosis and fewer neurons in the EV group. Conclusion: Body temperature is maintained and there is lower fluid loss in the endovascular pathway. Renal function alterations were more evident in EV and the microstructural injury was more frequent in Groups EV and L. The EV group had more severe colonic ischemia, probably related to greater manipulation with endovascular guide wires and catheters, which could lead to spasms and microembolization in small vessels. Although they are less invasive methods, there were discreet and more pronounced renal injuries in the endovascular and video laparoscopic techniques. The great advantage of the method, with respect to hemodynamic stability during the intraoperative period, is the absence of laparotomy and intra-abdominal manipulation in EV. More studies involving longer periods of ischemia and reperfusion may help elucidate the effects of aortic flow disruption on colonic mucosa.
FAPESP: 12/50159-3
Magliano, D'Angelo Carlo. "Curta administração de GW501516 melhora o estado inflamatório do tecido adiposo branco, o dano hepático e a inflamação renal de camundongos alimentados com dieta rica em frutose." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9416.
A superativação do eixo ECA/AT1r está intimamente relacionada à síndrome metabólica e no organismo tem grande relação com o quadro de inflamação. A administração de frutose, seja por dieta ou pela água, tem sido usada como um modelo para a indução da superatividade desse eixo e para o estudo das vias inflamatórias relacionadas ao AT1r. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar se a administração de GW510156 poderia diminuir a superativação do eixo ECA/AT1r e consequentemente diminuir os danos causados pela dieta rica em frutose. Para isso foram utilizados camundongos machos C57Bl/6 que receberam uma dieta contendo 47% de frutose durante oito semanas ou uma dieta controle. Após oito semanas, os grupos foram redivididos aleatoriamente para o início da administração do GW501516 durante três semanas, totalizando quatro grupos experimentais. Os animais tratados apresentaram uma melhora da pressão arterial sistólica e também dos parâmetros urinários como proteinúria e ácido úrico. Houve ainda uma melhora dos triglicerídeo e ácido úrico plasmáticos. No tecido adiposo branco, o GW501516 foi capaz de diminuir a expressão dos componentes do eixo ECA/AT1r e também amenizou a inflamação causada pela dieta rica em frutose. No fígado, não houve alterações significativa do eixo, porém a fosforilação de JAK2 dependente de AT1r foi diminuída e consequentemente houve uma menor ativação das células estreladas no grupo que recebeu o GW501516. Além disso, as proteínas e genes relacionados à β-oxidação foram aumentados com o tratamento e aqueles relacionados à lipogênese de novo, diminuídos o que resultou em menor esteatose no parênquima hepático. Os rins apresentaram uma melhora da inflamação induzida pelo eixo, apesar de o eixo também não ter apresentado diferenças significativas com o tratamento. Também não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na expressão proteica e gênica das proteínas antioxidantes. Com esses resultados podemos concluir que a curta administração do GW501516 pôde aliviar os efeitos inflamatórios e a esteatose hepática causada pela dieta rica em frutose, podendo ser pensado como uma nova ferramenta terapêutica no tratamento da superativação do eixo ECA/AT1r.
High-activation of ACE/AT1r axis is closely linked to metabolix syndrome and low-grade inflammation state. Fructose administration in water or in diet has been proposed as a model to study the high-activity of this axis and AT1r-related inflammatory pathways. In this view, we aimed to evaluate if GW501516 administration could decrease the high-activation of ACE/AT1r axis and consequently fructose damage. To this males mice C57Bl/6 were fed a high-fructose diet (47%) during eight weeks or standard-chow diet. After eight weeks, the groups were randomly divided to start treatment with GW501516, totaling four experimental groups. Animals treated with GW501516 presented an improvement of systolic blood pressure and in urinary parameters, as proteinuria and uric acid. Also was verified an improvement in plasmatic triglycerides and uric acid. In white adipose tissue, GW501516 was able to decrease the components of this axis and improved inflammation as well. In liver, it was not found differences in axis, but JAK2 phosphorylation AT1r-dependent was decreased and consequently it was found a diminished activations of hepatic stellate cells. In addition, proteins and genes related to β-oxidation were increased with GW501516 and those related to lipogenesis de novo, were diminished, improving hepatic parenchyma. Kidneys presented an improvement of inflammation state, although it was not found differences in axis with treatment. Also, it was not found differences in gene and protein expression in relation to anti-oxidants proteins. These results show that short-administration of GW501516 could alleviate inflammatory effects and hepatic steatosis caused by high fructose diet, suggesting that GW501516 could be a new therapeutic option to treat the high activation of ACE/AT1r axis.
Moloi, Mothusi Walter. "Correlation of urinary mcp-1 and tweak with renal histology and early response to therapy in newly biopsied patients with lupus nephritis in cape town, South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31724.
Nunes, Bruno Miguel Bárbara. "Processamento e classificação de imagens biológicas: aplicação à histologia." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/20714.
Oliva, Maria Raquel Borges. "Carcinoma de células renais de células claras e papilares tipos 1 e 2: achados nas imagens por ressonância magnética e correlação histopatológica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5151/tde-19042011-164533/.
The purpose of this study is to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tumor signal intensity (SI) of clear cell, and types 1 and 2 papillary renal cell carcinomas (RCC), correlating with histopathologic findings, as well as to evaluate tumor enhancement after intravenous administration of paramagnetic contrast. A query on our pathology database for the past 5 years identified 49 RCC, which were evaluated with MRI. Of these, 37 (17 papillary type 1, 4 papillary type 2, and 16 clear cell) pathology specimens were available for review. Two independent radiologists assessed tumor SI compared to renal cortex, both qualitatively and quantitatively (tumor SI/renal cortex SI x 100), on T1 and T2 weighted MRI, as well as tumor enhancement. A pathologist evaluated tumor cell characteristics and associated findings, such as the presence of hemosiderin, ferritin, fresh blood, necrosis, fibrosis, and calcification. T1 tumor SI varied among RCC subtypes. On T2-weighted images, most types 1 and 2 papillary RCC had hypo signal, whereas hyper signal was only seen among clear cell RCC (p<0.05); which was confirmed with a quantitative assessment (type 1 papillary RCC= 71% ±16%, type 2 papillary RCC= 54% ±23%, and clear cell RCC= 141% ±44%, p<0.01). Tumor T2 SI of 96% or less had a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 89% for papillary RCC, when compared to clear cell RCC; and tumor SI of 66.2% or less had a sensitivity of 54% and specificity of 100%. Tumor predominant architecture, papillary for tumors with hypo signal and nested for tumors with hyper signal, was the only histopathologic finding to correlate with tumor SI on T2 weighted MRI (p<0.05). Most clear cell RCC had a heterogeneous enhancement, and there was no typical enhancement pattern for both type 1 and type 2 papillary RCC. Types 1 and 2 papillary RCC enhanced less than clear cell RCC on all phases and this difference was statistically significant in the cortico-medullary, as well as early and late nephrographic phases. In summary, on T2-weighted images, most types 1 and 2 papillary RCC had hypo signal, whereas hyper signal was only seen among clear cell RCC. On T1 tumor SI varied among RCC subtypes. There was correlation between tumor predominant architecture and SI on T2 weighted images, papillary for hypo signal and nested for high signal tumors. Clear cell RCC enhanced more than papillary RCC.
Sousa, Mauri Félix de. ""Efeitos renais da haploinsuficiência do gene Pkd1 (Polycystic kidney disease 1) em camundongos"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-21122005-163447/.
Several studies show that in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cysts arise through a "two-hit" mechanism. The pathogenesis of non-cystic features, however, is poorly understood. In this study we used an inbred mouse line with a null mutation of Pkd1, where heterozygotes had minimal renal cyst formation up to 40 weeks of age. Inulin clearance and the number of glomeruli were lower in Pkd1+/- than in Pkd1+/+ males, while a higher average glomerular volume was observed in heterozygotes. The urinary excretion of NO2/NO3 did not significantly differ between the two groups. Maximal urinary osmolality was evaluated in Pkd1+/- and Pkd1+/+ males and females, but no significant difference was detected between the heterozygous and the wild type groups. Our results provide direct evidence that haploinsufficiency for Pkd1 results in anatomic and functional abnormalities of the kidney and suggest that Pkd1 haploinsufficiency may result in a reduced number of nephrons by diminishing renal tubule branching during nephrogenesis
Uzzo, Roberta Pierry. "Resposta fisiológica e anatômica do açaizeiro e da palmeira real australiana ao sombreamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-15072008-143011/.
The present work involves two species of producing heart of palm: assai palm (Euterpe oleracea) and the king palm (Archontophoenix alexandrae) with objective: to measure the agronomic and physiological characters, in 3 environments of luminosity, to study the anatomy of the palm and to evaluate the behavior of the two species in sight to direct the producer, in better luminous surrounding which must be planted the species. The assumed hypothesis was: the growth and development in conditions of different radiation, cause physiological and anatomical modifications that affect the performance of the plants and its production. The experiments were carried out in two places: the assai palm was carried out in Piracicaba (22o42\'11\"S and 47o38\'09\"W, 531 altitude m), and king palm was in Pirassununga (21º59\'46\"S, 47º25\'33\" W, and 627 altitude m). The crops were with 36 months of plantation in the field, there were established 3 treatments: full sun (PS), half shade (MS) and shade (S), in the plants populations there were made agronomic and physiological evaluations. For these characters a preliminary analysis of the data was developed to characterize the population used. It was calculated average, standard desviation and the coefficient of variation and the values maximum and minimum. The Tukey test was used adopting 5 % of mistake probability. The analyses had been complemented with the study of linear correlations, beyond the analyses histological and ultrastructural, the completely randomized delineation was used to evaluate the results. In the results observed in assai palm, for the character diameter of the trunk and palm girth (1, 2 and 3), the environment MS showed more adequate for a bigger diameter. The number of palm girth (CV 32%) for treatment PS was of 7,67, in MS 9,5 and shade 5,67, showing that it exists a bigger trend to find more number of girth in environments with more shade. Among the related characters, the ones that had presented greater variability had been the number of palm girth and leaf number, with CV 32 29%. Adopting the Tukey test it did not have significant difference in the studied parameters, showing that a trend in stabilizing the measures of agronomic character exists, independent of its luminosity. For the physiological characters during the experimental period it did not have difference enters the answers of the photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration. For the results of the king palm gotten the character leaf number (CV 7%), it is observed that the number of evaluated individuals (40 plants treatment) had been enough to constitute a representative sample of the population, having seemed to have little variability to be explored, this can have the restricted genetic base of the same one. The studied coefficients of variation had varied of 7 % (leaf number) 19% (average diameter of the plant). For the physiological characters it had significant difference between the characters. In the histological and ultrastructural analysis it had difference showing that cultivated plants at full sun environment have bigger parenchyma and bigger number of stomata.
Souto, Fontes Júnior Wellington. "Histologia e morfometria dos rins de camundongos Mus musculus, tratados com extrato hidroalcóolico de Dutura stramonium L." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9086.
A Datura stramonium é uma planta encontrada em estado silvestre crescendo em terrenos baldios próximos a moradias, currais, rampas de lixos ,dentro de outros. De constituição química e propriedades fitoterápicas conhecidas, este organismo apresenta também atividades tóxicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a morfologia e morfometria do glomérulo renal em camundongos. Foram utilizados 12 camundongos albinos swiss, machos, com idade de 60 dias, com peso variando entre 25 e 35 gramas, divididos em dois grupos> Experimento (GE) e Controle GC)> Submetidos a tratamento crônico de durante 9 dias. Foi administrado extrato hidroalcoólico (EHA) de Datura stramoniium no GE (100mg/kg/ip) e solução salina (0,9%kg/ip) no GC. Não foi constatado difenença estatísticamete significativa entre o peso dos animais avaliados. Os dados revelaram o uso do EHA, promoveu significativa redução diâmetro dos glomérulo renais. Isto quando comparados com GC. Os resultados encontrados sugerem o EHA de D siramonium parece reduzir o diâmetro dos glomérulos renais, sem comprometer a morfologia dos corpúsculos renais
Oliveira, Rodrigo Azevedo de. "Avaliação do metabolismo mineral de pacientes com doença renal crônica em diálise peritoneal: correlação entre parâmetros clínicos, bioquímicos e de histologia óssea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-14082014-092649/.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease - mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a complex syndrome influenced by various factors, such as age, CKD etiology, uremic toxins and dialysis modality. CKD-MBD has been extensively studied in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, for peritoneal dialysis (PD), only a few, older studies exist, most of which contain no bone biopsy data. The present study sought to: characterize CKD-MBD in a cohort of prevalent PD patients; compare the results with that obtained from HD patients; and analyse performance of bone turnover serum markers to make the diagnosis of high or low bone turnover disease in PD patients. METHODS: Forty-one PD patients underwent to a clinical evaluation, biochemical analysis and bone biopsy. RESULTS: The most prevalent pattern of renal osteodystrophy (ROD) was adynamic bone disease (ABD), comprising 49% of the sample population. When we separately analyzed diabetic and non-diabetic patients, the ABD prevalence was 77.7% in the former group and 26% in the latter group (p=0.001). The comparison between DP and HD patients revealed low 25(OH) vitamin D level, worst bone mineralization and better bone volume parameters in the former group. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) demonstrated the best sensitivity and specificity values to detect both high and low turnover disease. CONCLUSION: ABD is the most frequent type of ROD. However, the effect of diabetes on the development of ABD is more important than the dialysis modality itself
Carvalho, Claudia Muraro de. "Análise de instabilidade de microssatélites em pacientes com câncer colo-retal (CCR): correlação do fenótipo RER (+) com os aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-18052015-114338/.
The Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome (HNPCC) was characterized in the 60\'s, and the Amsterdam criteria for the clinical HNPCC diagnosis were established in the 90\'s involving the family history of two successive generations with three individuals having their colon and/or rectum affected, one of them having been diagnosed when under 45 years of age. The microsatellite instability (MSI) was first described in 1993 in bearers of HNPCC, but it is common in other sporadic tumors. In 1996, the Bethesda criteria, which include the preferential involvement of the proximal colon, undifferentiated or mucosecretory histology, presence of synchronic and metachronic tumors or association to extracolonic tumors, besides family history, were proposed by the International Colaborative Group for the study of HNPCC (ICG-HNPCC) with the purpose of tracking a higher number of bearers of that syndrome. The MSI is characterized by the loss or gain of repetitive units in DNA regions containing mono-, di-, tri- or tetranucleotides sequentially arranged in the genome. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the frequency MSI by analyzing 7 microsatellite regions (BAT25, BAT26 , D5S346, D2S123, D17S250, BAT40, TP53), and correlating the data so obtained with clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients. The DNA of 106 pairs of samples taken from normal tissues and colorectal carcinomas (CRC) was studied through the polimerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by analysis in denaturing poliacrylamide gel. The patients were separated into two groups, one consisting of 75 patients with at least one of the Bethesda criteria (tumor in the proximal colon, poorly differentiated histology, undifferentiated or mucinous pattern, age equal to or below 45 years, tumor synchronicity or metachronicity) and 31 patients without any of such criteria. From the 106 cases, 14.1% (15/106) exhibited MSI in 30% or more of the markers, then classified as having high microsatellite instability (MSI-H); 17.9% (19/106) were classified as low microsatellite instability (MSI-L) and 67.9% (72/106) as having microsatellite stability (MSS). If we consider only the analysis of the group with at least one of the Bethesda criteria, we observe that 18.6% (14/75) of the cases showed MSI-H, 18.6% were MSI-L and 62.6% (47/75) were MSS. In the group without any of the Bethesda criteria, 3.2% (1/31) showed MSI-H, while 16.1% (5/31) and 80.6% (25/31) were respectively MSI-L and MSS. When we consider the markers proposed by the Intenational Colaborative Group for the study of HNPCC - ICG-HNPCC (BAT25, BAT26, D5S346, D2S123, D17S250), we observe, in the group without Bethesda criteria, only cases which were classified as MSI-L and MSS. In the group with at least one of the Bethesda criteria we find 21.3% (16/75) of the cases classified as MSI-H and 14.7% (11/75) as MSI-L. The most sensitive markers for MSI-H were BAT25 and BAT26, whereas the markers D17S250 and TP53 were the most frequent in MSI-L cases. When the cases with at least one of the Bethesda criteria, were evalueted only with the panel propose by ICG-HNPCC, the BAT25 marker identified MSI-H cases with 100% sensitivity and 96.6% specificity, while the BAT26 exhibited respectively 93,7% and 98,9%. The evaluation of the Bethesda criteria considered in this paper showed that the proximal location of the tumor correlated significantly with the cases of MSI-H.
Kakuda, Claudio Mueller [UNESP]. "Efeitos da dexmedetomidina sobre a lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos: avaliação pela NGAL, histologia e interleucinas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106019.
A lesão renal aguda isquêmica é fenômeno comum no período perioperatório e em doentes críticos internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. O restabelecimento do fluxo sanguíneo pode piorar a lesão pelo mecanismo de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito do uso da dexmedetomidina no rim de ratos, em modelo experimental de I/R. Foram selecionados 34 ratos Wistar e alocados em quatro grupos aleatórios. Grupo Controle – C (nefrectomia direita, infusão de salina e manobras de I/R, n=10), Grupo Dexmedetomidina – D (nefrectomia direita, infusão de dexmedetomidina e manobras de I/R, n=8), Grupo Sham – S (nefrectomia direita e infusão de salina, n=8), Grupo Sham com dexmedetomidina – SD (nefrectomia direita e infusão de dexmedetomidina, n=8). Os animais foram anestesiados com isoflurano. Avaliou-se peso, frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e média (PAM), temperatura intraoperatória (T) nos momentos M0 (monitorização inicial), M1 (após estabilização), M2 (após isquemia), M3 (após reperfusão); dosagem plasmática de NGAL em M1, M2, M3 e M4 (12 horas após o início do experimento) e dosagem plasmática de IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-α nos momentos M1 e M4. Os rins direito e esquerdo foram analisados histologicamente. Os grupos foram uniformes quanto ao peso. A temperatura do grupo SD em M0 foi inferior a M1 e M2, sem diferenças nos demais grupos. A FC do grupo S foi maior que do grupo D em M2 e M3, sem diferenças nos demais grupos e momentos. A análise da PAS, PAD e PAM mostrou redução nos momentos M2 e M3 nos grupos D e SD. Na análise de NGAL os valores foram estatisticamente superiores em M3 nos grupos C e D em relação a S e SD e M3 foi superior aos valores de M1 em todos os grupos. Na análise de IL-1α, IL-6 e IL-10 os valores em M1 do grupo SD foi superior ao grupo D e não houve diferenças entre os grupos em M4. Não houve...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common phenomenon in perioperative period and critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units. The restoration of blood flow may worsen injury by a mechanism of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dexmedetomidine in an experimental model of renal I/R in rats. 34 Winstar rats were selected and randomly divided into 4 different groups. Control group – C (right nephrectomy, saline solution infusion and left renal I/R, n=10), Dexmedetomidine group – D (right nephrectomy, dexmedetomidina infusion and left renal I/R, n=8), Sham group – S (nephrectomy and saline infusion, n=8), Sham with dexmedetomidina – SD (right nephrectomy and dexmedetomidine infusion, n=8). The rats were anesthetized by isoflurane. The following criteria were studied: weight (W), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), intraoperative temperature (T) at M0 (initial monitorization), M1 (after initial stabilization), M2 (after ischemia) and M3 moment (after reperfusion); NGAL plasma level at M1, M2, M3 and M4 (12 hours after the procedure) and plasma level of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α at M1 and M4 moments. Histological analysis was performed in all kidneys. The groups had not weight differences. SD temperature at M1 was lower than M1 and M2 and there were no differences between other groups and moments. S group HR was higher than D group at M2 and M3 with no differences in other groups and moments. There was a reduction of SBP, DBP and MAP at M2 and M3 in D and SD groups. NGAL analysis showed higher levels at M3 in C and D groups than S and SD and levels at M3 were higher than at M1 in all groups. The levels of IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-10 at M1 in SD group were higher than in group D and there were no differences between groups in M4. There were no differences in plasma levels of IL-1β and at M4, the ...
Kakuda, Claudio Mueller. "Efeitos da dexmedetomidina sobre a lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos : avaliação pela NGAL, histologia e interleucinas /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106019.
Banca: Leandro Gobbo Brz
Banca: Guilherme Antônio Moreira de Barros
Banca: Leopoldo Muniz da Silva
Banca: José Fernando Amaral Meletti
Resumo: A lesão renal aguda isquêmica é fenômeno comum no período perioperatório e em doentes críticos internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. O restabelecimento do fluxo sanguíneo pode piorar a lesão pelo mecanismo de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito do uso da dexmedetomidina no rim de ratos, em modelo experimental de I/R. Foram selecionados 34 ratos Wistar e alocados em quatro grupos aleatórios. Grupo Controle - C (nefrectomia direita, infusão de salina e manobras de I/R, n=10), Grupo Dexmedetomidina - D (nefrectomia direita, infusão de dexmedetomidina e manobras de I/R, n=8), Grupo Sham - S (nefrectomia direita e infusão de salina, n=8), Grupo Sham com dexmedetomidina - SD (nefrectomia direita e infusão de dexmedetomidina, n=8). Os animais foram anestesiados com isoflurano. Avaliou-se peso, frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e média (PAM), temperatura intraoperatória (T) nos momentos M0 (monitorização inicial), M1 (após estabilização), M2 (após isquemia), M3 (após reperfusão); dosagem plasmática de NGAL em M1, M2, M3 e M4 (12 horas após o início do experimento) e dosagem plasmática de IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-α nos momentos M1 e M4. Os rins direito e esquerdo foram analisados histologicamente. Os grupos foram uniformes quanto ao peso. A temperatura do grupo SD em M0 foi inferior a M1 e M2, sem diferenças nos demais grupos. A FC do grupo S foi maior que do grupo D em M2 e M3, sem diferenças nos demais grupos e momentos. A análise da PAS, PAD e PAM mostrou redução nos momentos M2 e M3 nos grupos D e SD. Na análise de NGAL os valores foram estatisticamente superiores em M3 nos grupos C e D em relação a S e SD e M3 foi superior aos valores de M1 em todos os grupos. Na análise de IL-1α, IL-6 e IL-10 os valores em M1 do grupo SD foi superior ao grupo D e não houve diferenças entre os grupos em M4. Não houve ...
Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common phenomenon in perioperative period and critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units. The restoration of blood flow may worsen injury by a mechanism of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dexmedetomidine in an experimental model of renal I/R in rats. 34 Winstar rats were selected and randomly divided into 4 different groups. Control group - C (right nephrectomy, saline solution infusion and left renal I/R, n=10), Dexmedetomidine group - D (right nephrectomy, dexmedetomidina infusion and left renal I/R, n=8), Sham group - S (nephrectomy and saline infusion, n=8), Sham with dexmedetomidina - SD (right nephrectomy and dexmedetomidine infusion, n=8). The rats were anesthetized by isoflurane. The following criteria were studied: weight (W), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), intraoperative temperature (T) at M0 (initial monitorization), M1 (after initial stabilization), M2 (after ischemia) and M3 moment (after reperfusion); NGAL plasma level at M1, M2, M3 and M4 (12 hours after the procedure) and plasma level of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α at M1 and M4 moments. Histological analysis was performed in all kidneys. The groups had not weight differences. SD temperature at M1 was lower than M1 and M2 and there were no differences between other groups and moments. S group HR was higher than D group at M2 and M3 with no differences in other groups and moments. There was a reduction of SBP, DBP and MAP at M2 and M3 in D and SD groups. NGAL analysis showed higher levels at M3 in C and D groups than S and SD and levels at M3 were higher than at M1 in all groups. The levels of IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-10 at M1 in SD group were higher than in group D and there were no differences between groups in M4. There were no differences in plasma levels of IL-1β and at M4, the ...
Doutor
Resende, Marco Antonio Cardoso de [UNESP]. "Efeitos da Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica sobre a função e a histologia renal, em modelo de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100141.
O pós-condicionamento em modelo de isquemia e reperfusão já mostrou evidências de efeito renoprotetor, mas ainda há alguma controvérsia sobre os protocolos e seus resultados. A administração de cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua, como estratégia anti-inflamatória, ainda não foi testada na lesão renal aguda, bem como sua interação com o pós-condicionamento isquêmico não é conhecida. Testamos a hipótese de que a cetamina S(+) atenua o dano tubular e melhora a função renal em ratos sob pós-condicionamento. Quarenta e um ratos machos Wistar (≥300g) foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: GS-Sham; GC-Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua; GP-Pós-condicionamento isquêmico; GCP-Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua e pós-condicionamento. Todos os animais foram submetidos à nefrectomia direita. Nos ratos submetidos ao pós-condicionamento (GP e GCP) foi realizada oclusão da artéria renal esquerda por 30 minutos. A reperfusão plena foi precedida por três ciclos de 2 min de reperfusão, seguido por 2 min de reoclusão. A pressão arterial, a frequência cardíaca e a temperatura foram controladas durante o experimento. A hidratação foi realizada com solução de Ringer lactato em infusão contínua intravenosa (3,0 mL.Kg-1.h-1), além de bolus após cada coleta. A função renal foi avaliada pela dosagem plasmática de NGAL, creatinina e ureia em três momentos: C1 (após estabilização), C2 (após 30 min de reperfusão completa) e C3 (após 24h). Dano tubular foi avaliado pela histologia renal. Foram utilizados os critérios de RIFLE e AKIN para avaliação evolutiva da creatinemia entre momentos. A creatinina e a ureia apresentaram aumento estatisticamente significativo nos grupos com pós-condicionamento isquêmico (GS e GC), mas não a NGAL (p = 0,08). Dano tubular significativo foi encontrado apenas nos...
Postconditioning against ischaemia-reperfusion injury has shown renoprotective effects, but there is still some controversy about protocols and its outcomes. The potencial application of subanesthetic S(+) ketamine continuous infusion as an antiinflammatory strategy, is not yet available in acute kidney injury, as well as the interaction with ischaemic postconditioning (IP). We tested the hypothesis that it attenuates tubular damage and improves renal function in IP in rats. Forty-one male Wistar rats (≥300g) were randomized into four groups: GS-sham; GK-subanesthetic S(+) ketamine; GP-posconditioning and GKP-subanesthetic S(+) ketamine and postconditioning. All animals were subjected to right nephrectomy but only in postconditioned rats 30-min left kidney arterial occlusion was performed, in which complete reperfusion were preceded by three cycles of 2 min of reperfusion followed by 2 min of reocclusion. Animals were studied for 24 h. Renal function was assessed by measurement of serum NGAL, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) at three moments: C1 (after stabilization), C2 (after 30-min complete reperfusion) and C3 (after 24h). Tubular damage was evaluated by renal histology. RIFLE and AKIN criteria were used to evaluate creatinine among moments. Creatinine and BUN significantly increased in IP groups as compared to rats in GS and GK, but not NGAL (P=0,08). Despite significant tubular damage found only in IP groups, there was no significant difference between IP and S(+) ketamine/IP. RIFLE and AKIN criteria showed identical functional lesions. S(+) ketamine infusion does not attenuate tubular damage or improve renal function. However, IP groups show identical results and postconditioning is unable to show a renoprotective effect in this model
Resende, Marco Antonio Cardoso de. "Efeitos da Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica sobre a função e a histologia renal, em modelo de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100141.
Banca: Leandro Gobbo Braz
Banca: Laís Helena Navarro e Lima
Banca: Rogério Luiz da Rocha Videira
Banca: Alexandra Assad
Resumo: O pós-condicionamento em modelo de isquemia e reperfusão já mostrou evidências de efeito renoprotetor, mas ainda há alguma controvérsia sobre os protocolos e seus resultados. A administração de cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua, como estratégia anti-inflamatória, ainda não foi testada na lesão renal aguda, bem como sua interação com o pós-condicionamento isquêmico não é conhecida. Testamos a hipótese de que a cetamina S(+) atenua o dano tubular e melhora a função renal em ratos sob pós-condicionamento. Quarenta e um ratos machos Wistar (≥300g) foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: GS-Sham; GC-Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua; GP-Pós-condicionamento isquêmico; GCP-Cetamina S(+) em dose subanestésica em infusão contínua e pós-condicionamento. Todos os animais foram submetidos à nefrectomia direita. Nos ratos submetidos ao pós-condicionamento (GP e GCP) foi realizada oclusão da artéria renal esquerda por 30 minutos. A reperfusão plena foi precedida por três ciclos de 2 min de reperfusão, seguido por 2 min de reoclusão. A pressão arterial, a frequência cardíaca e a temperatura foram controladas durante o experimento. A hidratação foi realizada com solução de Ringer lactato em infusão contínua intravenosa (3,0 mL.Kg-1.h-1), além de bolus após cada coleta. A função renal foi avaliada pela dosagem plasmática de NGAL, creatinina e ureia em três momentos: C1 (após estabilização), C2 (após 30 min de reperfusão completa) e C3 (após 24h). Dano tubular foi avaliado pela histologia renal. Foram utilizados os critérios de RIFLE e AKIN para avaliação evolutiva da creatinemia entre momentos. A creatinina e a ureia apresentaram aumento estatisticamente significativo nos grupos com pós-condicionamento isquêmico (GS e GC), mas não a NGAL (p = 0,08). Dano tubular significativo foi encontrado apenas nos ...
Abstract: Postconditioning against ischaemia-reperfusion injury has shown renoprotective effects, but there is still some controversy about protocols and its outcomes. The potencial application of subanesthetic S(+) ketamine continuous infusion as an antiinflammatory strategy, is not yet available in acute kidney injury, as well as the interaction with ischaemic postconditioning (IP). We tested the hypothesis that it attenuates tubular damage and improves renal function in IP in rats. Forty-one male Wistar rats (≥300g) were randomized into four groups: GS-sham; GK-subanesthetic S(+) ketamine; GP-posconditioning and GKP-subanesthetic S(+) ketamine and postconditioning. All animals were subjected to right nephrectomy but only in postconditioned rats 30-min left kidney arterial occlusion was performed, in which complete reperfusion were preceded by three cycles of 2 min of reperfusion followed by 2 min of reocclusion. Animals were studied for 24 h. Renal function was assessed by measurement of serum NGAL, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) at three moments: C1 (after stabilization), C2 (after 30-min complete reperfusion) and C3 (after 24h). Tubular damage was evaluated by renal histology. RIFLE and AKIN criteria were used to evaluate creatinine among moments. Creatinine and BUN significantly increased in IP groups as compared to rats in GS and GK, but not NGAL (P=0,08). Despite significant tubular damage found only in IP groups, there was no significant difference between IP and S(+) ketamine/IP. RIFLE and AKIN criteria showed identical functional lesions. S(+) ketamine infusion does not attenuate tubular damage or improve renal function. However, IP groups show identical results and postconditioning is unable to show a renoprotective effect in this model
Doutor
Carpinelli, Catia Cristina [UNIFESP]. "Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos e análise de fatores de risco para pielonefrite após transplante renal." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2007. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/23441.
Objetivo: Fazer a descricao clinica e epidemiologica da Pielonefrite apos transplante renal bem como analisar os fatores de risco associados. Metodos: O estudo foi do tipo caso-controle, retrospectivo e descritivo. Os casos foram identificados conforme relacao cedida pelo Departamento de Anatomia Patologica da UNIFESP a partir de biopsias com diagnostico de Pielonefrite Histologica (P.H), das duas instituicoes referidas anteriormente no periodo de 1995 a 2003. Resultados: Trinta e dois pacientes foram incluidos na analise final, sendo dezenove casos com cultura positiva associada a data da biopsia e 13 casos com culturas negativas ou nao colhidas. Considerando algumas variaveis e o grupo com cultura positiva e negativa foi observado que nao houve significancia estatistica na comparacao entre os casos, com excecao do relato de disuria. Realizamos tal analise com o objetivo de mostrar que nao ocorreu alteracao no comportamento entre os grupos quando consideramos em ambos a Pielonefrite histologica. A Pielonefrite tem grande impacto na sobrevida do enxerto porque de acordo com nosso estudo a taxa de perda do enxerto e/ou evolucao para hemodialise foi de 21,8 por cento Na analise multivariada a utilizacao de duplo J, reoperacao em 30 dias e o diagnostico de NTA representaram risco para o desenvolvimento de Pielonefrite. Conclusoes: O diagnostico histologico teve grande importancia quando analisamos em conjunto com os dados clinicos, epidemiologicos e laboratoriais. A presenca da cultura positiva e importante, porem a ausencia nao exclui o diagnostico de Pielonefrite com a presenca da biopsia
Purpose: To describe clinical and epidemiological aspects as well as risk factors for Pyelonephritis after renal transplant. Methods: The study was designed as a case-control, retrospective and descriptive study. The cases were identified by the Department of Pathological Anatomy of UNIFESP starting from biopsies with diagnosis of Histological Pyelonephritis from the Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão and Hospital São Paulo from 1995 to 2003. Results: Thirty two patients were included in the final analysis. Nineteen cases had positive cultures associated and 13 cases had negative cultures. No clinical and pathological characteristics were observed between these patients, except for higher prevalence of dysuria in culture-negative patients. Conclusions: Pyelonephritis had a great impact on graft survival since the rate of graft loss or evolution for hemodialysis was 21,8% In the multivariate analysis the previous use of ureteral stents, reoperation within 30 days and the diagnosis of NTA represented risk for the development of Pyelonephritis. The histological diagnosis had great importance when we analyzed together with the clinical`s data, epidemic and laboratories.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Bussmann, André Roberto [UNESP]. "Efeitos do alopurinol na proteção renal por meio da dosagem plasmática e urinária de biomarcadores e histologia: estudo em modelo experimental de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos sob anestesia inalatória." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108778.
Lesão renal por isquemia e reperfusão estão envolvidas em muitas condições clínicas. A lesão de reperfusão leva a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio e o alopurinol apresenta o potencial de diminuí-las. Os novos biomarcadores podem realizar o diagnóstico da lesão de maneira precoce. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar se o alopurinol tem efeito protetor sobre os rins utilizando os novos biomarcadores de dano (NGALp, NGALu,KIM-1e IL-18), a função renal e a histologia renal durante lesão de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R) em ratos uninefrectomizados. Trinta e dois ratos Wistar foram randomizados em 4 grupos: Sham (S): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita. Controle (C): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo. Controle Alopurinol (CA): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, alopurinol na dose de 100 mg.kg-1.d-1. Alopurinol (A): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo, alopurinol na dose de 100mg.kg-1.d-1. Foram analisados NGALp, NGALu, IL-18, KIM-1, creatinina e histologia. Nível de significância considerado quando p<0,05. Todos grupos aumentam a creatinina ao longo do experimento com A≈C>S≈CA. A NGALp e IL-18 aumentaram em todos os grupos, porém todos evoluem de forma semelhante. A NGALu aumentou no grupo C, porém todos os grupos evoluem de forma semelhante. KIM-1 foi maior no grupo A em relação ao C e intermediário nos grupos S e CA. Em relação aos achados histológicos, os grupos C e A apresentaram grau de lesão no lado esquerdo significativamente maior que os grupos S e CA. Não existiu diferença histológica entre C e A e nem entre S e CA. O alopurinol na dose de 100 mg.kg-1.dia-1 não exerceu efeito protetor ou danoso aos rins submetidos a lesão de I/R na avaliação da função, da histologia renal e dos biomarcadores novos
Ischemic and reperfusion kidney injury are involved in many clinical conditions. The reperfusion injury leads to reactive oxygen species formation and allopurinol has the potential to inhibit this process. The novel biomarkers can perform early diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether allopurinol had a renal protective effect measuring renal function, novel biomarkers levels (pNGAL, uNGAL and IL-18) and studying histopathologic features during renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in uninephrectomized rats. 32 Wistar Rats were randomized in 4 groups: Sham (S): laparotomy and right nefrectomy. Control (C): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, I/R maneuvers in left kidney. Allopurinol Control (AC): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, pretreated with allopurinol 100mg.kg-1.d-1. Allopurinol (A): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, I/R maneuvers in left kidney, pretreated with allopurinol 100mg.kg-1.d-1. pNGAL, uNGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, serum creatinine and histopathologic features were analysed. Differences in the mean values were deemed significant at P<0.05. All groups showed a significant rise in serum creatinine throughout the experiment being A≈C>S≈AC. pNGAL and IL-18 showed a significant rise in all groups too, however all of them evolve in a similar way. uNGAL showed signifcantly rise in group C, but all of them evolve in a similar way. KIM-1 was higher in group A than C and had intermediate values in groups S and AC. With regard to histopathologic features, C and A groups showed left kidney injury signifcantly higher than S and AC groups. There were no difference in histopathologic features between groups C and A neither between S and AC. Allopurinol given 100mg.kg-1.d-1 did not seem to exert protective or harmful effects in kidneys that underwent I/R injury under functional, novel biomarkers levels and histopathologic features evaluation
Bussmann, André Roberto. "Efeitos do alopurinol na proteção renal por meio da dosagem plasmática e urinária de biomarcadores e histologia : estudo em modelo experimental de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos sob anestesia inalatória /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108778.
Banca:
Resumo: Lesão renal por isquemia e reperfusão estão envolvidas em muitas condições clínicas. A lesão de reperfusão leva a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio e o alopurinol apresenta o potencial de diminuí-las. Os novos biomarcadores podem realizar o diagnóstico da lesão de maneira precoce. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar se o alopurinol tem efeito protetor sobre os rins utilizando os novos biomarcadores de dano (NGALp, NGALu,KIM-1e IL-18), a função renal e a histologia renal durante lesão de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R) em ratos uninefrectomizados. Trinta e dois ratos Wistar foram randomizados em 4 grupos: Sham (S): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita. Controle (C): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo. Controle Alopurinol (CA): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, alopurinol na dose de 100 mg.kg-1.d-1. Alopurinol (A): laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo, alopurinol na dose de 100mg.kg-1.d-1. Foram analisados NGALp, NGALu, IL-18, KIM-1, creatinina e histologia. Nível de significância considerado quando p<0,05. Todos grupos aumentam a creatinina ao longo do experimento com A≈C>S≈CA. A NGALp e IL-18 aumentaram em todos os grupos, porém todos evoluem de forma semelhante. A NGALu aumentou no grupo C, porém todos os grupos evoluem de forma semelhante. KIM-1 foi maior no grupo A em relação ao C e intermediário nos grupos S e CA. Em relação aos achados histológicos, os grupos C e A apresentaram grau de lesão no lado esquerdo significativamente maior que os grupos S e CA. Não existiu diferença histológica entre C e A e nem entre S e CA. O alopurinol na dose de 100 mg.kg-1.dia-1 não exerceu efeito protetor ou danoso aos rins submetidos a lesão de I/R na avaliação da função, da histologia renal e dos biomarcadores novos
Abstract: Ischemic and reperfusion kidney injury are involved in many clinical conditions. The reperfusion injury leads to reactive oxygen species formation and allopurinol has the potential to inhibit this process. The novel biomarkers can perform early diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether allopurinol had a renal protective effect measuring renal function, novel biomarkers levels (pNGAL, uNGAL and IL-18) and studying histopathologic features during renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in uninephrectomized rats. 32 Wistar Rats were randomized in 4 groups: Sham (S): laparotomy and right nefrectomy. Control (C): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, I/R maneuvers in left kidney. Allopurinol Control (AC): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, pretreated with allopurinol 100mg.kg-1.d-1. Allopurinol (A): laparotomy and right nefrectomy, I/R maneuvers in left kidney, pretreated with allopurinol 100mg.kg-1.d-1. pNGAL, uNGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, serum creatinine and histopathologic features were analysed. Differences in the mean values were deemed significant at P<0.05. All groups showed a significant rise in serum creatinine throughout the experiment being A≈C>S≈AC. pNGAL and IL-18 showed a significant rise in all groups too, however all of them evolve in a similar way. uNGAL showed signifcantly rise in group C, but all of them evolve in a similar way. KIM-1 was higher in group A than C and had intermediate values in groups S and AC. With regard to histopathologic features, C and A groups showed left kidney injury signifcantly higher than S and AC groups. There were no difference in histopathologic features between groups C and A neither between S and AC. Allopurinol given 100mg.kg-1.d-1 did not seem to exert protective or harmful effects in kidneys that underwent I/R injury under functional, novel biomarkers levels and histopathologic features evaluation
Mestre
Ruiz, Plazas Xavier. "Estudio sobre los factores implicados en la litiasis renal bilateral." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402784.
- Introducción: En los pacientes litiásicos, los factores de riesgo relacionados con la composición de la orina influirían en las dos unidades renales por igual. Sería entonces de esperar que en estos pacientes ambos riñones se vieran afectados del mismo modo. Sin embargo, esto no es así y muchos pacientes presentan cálculos en una sola unidad renal. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es conocer qué factores de riesgo están asociados a la litiasis renal bilateral. Por otra parte, las diferencias observadas para cada tipo de cálculo nos ayudarán a profundizar en la etiopatogenia de cada tipo de litiasis - Contenido de la investigación: Estudio analítico observacional retrospectivo de casos y controles realizado a partir de pacientes diagnosticados en el Hospital Son Dureta de Palma de Mallorca (Illes Balears) entre los años 1981 y 2008. Se incluyeron 154 pacientes de los que se disponía de al menos un estudio metabólico (bioquímica de orina de 24 horas, orina de 2 horas y bioquímica plasmática) y de un cálculo analizado. Estos pacientes se distribuyeron en 2 grupos según presentaran litiasis en una o las dos unidades renales en el momento del diagnóstico. En ambos grupos se compararon las variables cuantitativas mediante la prueba t de Student o la prueba U de Mann-Whitney según presentaran una distribución normal y las variables cualitativas utilizando la prueba chi cuadrado de Pearson o el test exacto de Fisher si el tamaño muestral era pequeño. Por otro lado, se realizó también un análisis por tipo de cálculo asignando a cada uno de los 186 cálculos diferentes, un estudio metabólico y una etiqueta de unilateral o bilateral según el paciente al que pertenecieran y agrupando estos cálculos según su estudio cristalográfico, para posteriormente comparar unilateralidad y bilateralidad en cada grupo. Los resultados han sido los siguientes: La presencia de litiasis bilateral se relacionó con un mayor número de cálculos analizados por paciente, es decir, con una mayor carga litiásica. No se objetivaron diferencias significativas en el estudio metabólico de los pacientes con litiasis unilateral y bilateral. Únicamente la presencia de un pH en orina de 2 horas > 6,2 se relacionó con bilateralidad (p=0,038). No se apreciaron diferencias en la orina asociada a los cálculos de oxalato cálcico dihidrato pertenecientes a pacientes con litiasis unilateral o bilateral. En los cálculos de oxalato cálcico (monohidrato papilar, de cavidad y dihidrato), la presencia de litiasis bilateral se asoció a unos niveles significativamente menores de citrato en comparación con los pacientes con litiasis unilateral (p=0.041). En los cálculos con oxalato cálcico en su composición, una concentración mayor de oxalato en orina de 24 horas se asoció a bilateralidad (p=0,030). - Conclusiones: En términos generales, excepto en el caso del oxalato, los factores promotores de la litogénesis en la orina no se relacionan con la bilateralidad o una mayor carga litiásica. Por el contrario, los factores inhibidores de la litogénesis como el citrato, el pH urinario y los factores morfoanatómicos renales pueden tener un peso más importante en la litogénesis del atribuido a priori en la literatura.
- Introduction: In lithiasic patients, risk factors related to urine composition would influence equally both renal units. It would then be expected that, in these patients, both kidneys would be affected in the same way. However, this is not the case and many patients have stones unilaterally. The main objective of this study is to know which risk factors are associated with bilateral renal calculi. On the other hand, the differences observed for each type of lithiasis will help us to get further knowledge into the etiopathogenesis of each type of urinary stone. - Content of the research: This is a retrospective observational case-control study of patients diagnosed at the “Son Dureta” Hospital in Palma de Mallorca (Balearic Islands) between 1981 and 2008. We included 154 patients with at least one metabolic study (24-hour and 2-hour urine biochemistry and plasma biochemistry) and at least one urinary calculi analyzed. These patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of lithiasis in one or both kidneys at the time of diagnosis. In both groups, the quantitative variables were compared using Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test depending on sample distribution and, qualitative variables, were analysed using Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test if the sample size was small. An analysis by type of calculi was also performed by assigning to each of the 186 different urinary stones a metabolic study and a unilateral or bilateral label, according to which patient they belonged to and grouping these stones in accordance with their crystallographic study, for further compare one-sidedness and bilaterality in each group. The results of the research have been as follows: The presence of bilateral lithiasis was associated with a higher number of urinary stones analyzed per patient, that is, with a higher lithiasis load. There were no significant differences in the metabolic study of patients with unilateral and bilateral stones. Only the presence of a pH in 2-hour urine > 6.2 was associated with bilaterality (p = 0.038). There were no differences in urine associated with oxalate calcium dihydrate stones belonging to patients with unilateral or bilateral lithiasis. Calcium oxalate (papillary monohydrate, nonpapillary monohydrate and dihydrate) bilateral lithiasis was associated with significantly lower levels of urinary citrate compared to patients with unilateral lithiasis (p = 0.041). In urinary calculi with calcium oxalate in its composition, a greater 24-hour urinary oxalate concentration was associated with bilaterality (p = 0.030). - Conclusions: In general terms, except in the case of oxalate, factors promoting urinary lithogenesis are not related to bilaterality or a higher lithiasis load. In contrast, inhibitory factors of lithogenesis such as citrate, urinary pH and renal morphoanatomic factors may have a greater weight in the lithogenesis of the a priori attributed in the literature.
Shimomura, Juliana Zanini [UNESP]. "Comparação dos métodos de palpação retal, citologia, histologia e imunoistoquímica para o diagnóstico da hiperplasia prostática benigna no cão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92185.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Ahiperplasiaprostática benigna(HPB) é a afecção mais comum da próstata canina, porém, a comparação dos diferentes métodos diagnósticos como o exame de palpação retal, citologia, histologia e imunoistoquímica é pouco estudada nesta espécie, diferentemente do que ocorre no homem. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar, em vinte cães idosos, as alterações cito e histológicas com emprego de imunomarcadores, na glândula prostática. Em todas as glândulas observou-se HPB cística, associada ou não à hiperplasia glandular ou estromal. A imunomarcação com citoqueratina (CK) AE1/AE3 foi relevante em ácinos com epitélio achatado ou com proliferação acentuada. A Vimentina (VIM) V9 teve expressão moderada em áreas com hiperplasia estromal acentuada. O toque retal e o lavado prostático mostraram ser métodos de auxílio no diagnóstico das prostatopatias, sendo indispensável o uso da histopatologia para um diagnóstico definitivo. O emprego de imunomarcadores teciduais prostáticos infere que próstatas com HPB demonstram alterações metabólicas que respondem à imunomarcação em células hiperplásicas.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common affection of the canine prostate, however, the comparison of different diagnostic methods for BPH through, digital rectal examination, cytology, histology and immunohistochemistry has a few studies in this specie, unlike man. The purpose of this study was understood, in twenty old dogs, cytology, histology alterations using immunomarkers in the prostate gland. All the glands showed the presence of cystic BPH, associated or not with glandular or stromal hyperplasia. The immunomarking with AE1/AE3 cytokeratine was relevant in alveoli with flat epytelium or with a strong proliferation. V9 Vimentine showed to be moderate in areas with a deep stromal hyperplasia. Rectal palpation and the prostatic washing product compose auxiliary diagnostic methods for prostatic diseases, being undismissable the use of histopathology for a conclusive diagnosis. Prostatic tissue immunomarkers employment to conclude that the prostate with HPB demonstrate metabolic changes which react with immunomarking in hyperplasic cells.
Shimomura, Juliana Zanini. "Comparação dos métodos de palpação retal, citologia, histologia e imunoistoquímica para o diagnóstico da hiperplasia prostática benigna no cão /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92185.
Banca: Renée Laufer Amorin
Banca: Maria Cecília Rui Luvizotto
Resumo: Ahiperplasiaprostática benigna(HPB) é a afecção mais comum da próstata canina, porém, a comparação dos diferentes métodos diagnósticos como o exame de palpação retal, citologia, histologia e imunoistoquímica é pouco estudada nesta espécie, diferentemente do que ocorre no homem. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar, em vinte cães idosos, as alterações cito e histológicas com emprego de imunomarcadores, na glândula prostática. Em todas as glândulas observou-se HPB cística, associada ou não à hiperplasia glandular ou estromal. A imunomarcação com citoqueratina (CK) AE1/AE3 foi relevante em ácinos com epitélio achatado ou com proliferação acentuada. A Vimentina (VIM) V9 teve expressão moderada em áreas com hiperplasia estromal acentuada. O toque retal e o lavado prostático mostraram ser métodos de auxílio no diagnóstico das prostatopatias, sendo indispensável o uso da histopatologia para um diagnóstico definitivo. O emprego de imunomarcadores teciduais prostáticos infere que próstatas com HPB demonstram alterações metabólicas que respondem à imunomarcação em células hiperplásicas.
Abstract: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common affection of the canine prostate, however, the comparison of different diagnostic methods for BPH through, digital rectal examination, cytology, histology and immunohistochemistry has a few studies in this specie, unlike man. The purpose of this study was understood, in twenty old dogs, cytology, histology alterations using immunomarkers in the prostate gland. All the glands showed the presence of cystic BPH, associated or not with glandular or stromal hyperplasia. The immunomarking with AE1/AE3 cytokeratine was relevant in alveoli with flat epytelium or with a strong proliferation. V9 Vimentine showed to be moderate in areas with a deep stromal hyperplasia. Rectal palpation and the prostatic washing product compose auxiliary diagnostic methods for prostatic diseases, being undismissable the use of histopathology for a conclusive diagnosis. Prostatic tissue immunomarkers employment to conclude that the prostate with HPB demonstrate metabolic changes which react with immunomarking in hyperplasic cells.
Mestre
Al-Ramadhani, Salma. "Metasin : an intra-operative Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase-Chain Reaction (RTqPCR) assay to detect metastatic breast cancer in sentinel lymph nodes." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/7870.
Yuan, Anna [Verfasser], and Siegmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Reinert. "Investigation of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw by real-time in vitro assays, histologic examination, and radiographic evaluation / Anna Yuan ; Betreuer: Siegmar Reinert." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1199356395/34.
Bussmann, André Roberto. "Efeitos da L-arginina na proteção renal por meio da dosagem plasmática e urinária de biomarcadores e histologia estudo em modelo experimental de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos sob anestesia inalatória /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144710.
Resumo: Justificativa: Durante lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal ocorre a inativação de óxido nítrico (NO), essa inativação diminui o relaxamento arterial endotélio-dependente e independente. O aumento nos níveis de NO poderia melhorar a disfunção endotelial e o relaxamento arterial diminuindo a lesão renal. O NO, sintetizado a partir da L-arginina pela enzima óxido nítrico sintase (NOS), parece exercer um efeito protetor sobre os rins durante a lesão de isquemia/reperfusão (I/R). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da L-arginina nos níveis dos biomarcadores de lesão (NGALp, NGALu, KIM-1 e IL-18) na função e na histopatologia renal em ratos submetidos a lesão de I/R.Métodos: 32 ratos Wistar foram randomizados em 4 grupos: Sham (S): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita. Controle (C): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo. Controle L-arginina (CLA): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, L-arginina na dose de 800mg.kg-1.dose-1, 24 e 1 hora antes. L-arginina (LA): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo, L-arginina na dose de 800mg.kg-1.dose-1, 24 e 1 hora antes. Foram analisados os níveis de NGALp, NGALu, KIM-1 e IL-18, creatinina e histopatologia renal. Nível de significância: p<0,05.Resultados: Creatinina aumenta em todos os grupos com LA≈C>S≈CLA. A NGALp, aumenta em todos os grupos com evolução semelhante. A NGALu foi maior no grupo C e CLA em relação ao grupo LA e apresentou valores intermediários no grupo S. Os níveis de KIM-1 aumentam nos gru... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Bussmann, André Roberto [UNESP]. "Efeitos da L-arginina na proteção renal por meio da dosagem plasmática e urinária de biomarcadores e histologia: estudo em modelo experimental de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão em ratos sob anestesia inalatória." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144710.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Justificativa: Durante lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal ocorre a inativação de óxido nítrico (NO), essa inativação diminui o relaxamento arterial endotélio-dependente e independente. O aumento nos níveis de NO poderia melhorar a disfunção endotelial e o relaxamento arterial diminuindo a lesão renal. O NO, sintetizado a partir da L-arginina pela enzima óxido nítrico sintase (NOS), parece exercer um efeito protetor sobre os rins durante a lesão de isquemia/reperfusão (I/R). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da L-arginina nos níveis dos biomarcadores de lesão (NGALp, NGALu, KIM-1 e IL-18) na função e na histopatologia renal em ratos submetidos a lesão de I/R. Métodos: 32 ratos Wistar foram randomizados em 4 grupos: Sham (S): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita. Controle (C): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo. Controle L-arginina (CLA): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, L-arginina na dose de 800mg.kg-1.dose-1, 24 e 1 hora antes. L-arginina (LA): Laparotomia e nefrectomia direita, I/R em rim esquerdo, L-arginina na dose de 800mg.kg-1.dose-1, 24 e 1 hora antes. Foram analisados os níveis de NGALp, NGALu, KIM-1 e IL-18, creatinina e histopatologia renal. Nível de significância: p<0,05. Resultados: Creatinina aumenta em todos os grupos com LA≈C>S≈CLA. A NGALp, aumenta em todos os grupos com evolução semelhante. A NGALu foi maior no grupo C e CLA em relação ao grupo LA e apresentou valores intermediários no grupo S. Os níveis de KIM-1 aumentam nos grupos S, CLA e LA, porém na análise de contrastes não há diferença na evolução dos grupos. A IL-18 apresentou valores maiores no grupo LA comparado aos demais grupos (C, S e CLA). Os grupos C e LA apresentaram grau de lesão no lado esquerdo maior que os grupos S e CLA. Não existe diferença histopatológica entre C e LA e nem entre S e CLA. Conclusão: A L-arginina não exerce efeito protetor ou danoso aos rins submetidos a lesão de I/R na avaliação da função, da histopatologia renal e dos níveis de NGALp, KIM-1
Background: Nitric oxide (NO) inactivation occurs during renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury. This inactivation decreases endothelium-dependent and -independent arterial relaxation. Higher NO levels can improve endothelial dysfunction and arterial relaxation, thereby reducing the level of kidney injury. NO, synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), seems to exerts a protective effect on the kidneys during tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-arginine on the levels of injury biomarkers (pNGAL, uNGAL, KIM-1 e IL-18) for kidney function and histology in rats subjected ischaemiareperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomised into the following 4 groups: Sham (S), laparotomy and right nephrectomy; Control (C), laparotomy and right nephrectomy and left kidney I/R; L-arginine control (LAC), laparotomy and right nephrectomy and L-arginine at a dose of 800 mg.kg-1 .dose-1 , 24 hours and 1 hour before surgery; and L-arginine (LA), laparotomy and right nephrectomy, left kidney I/R, and L-arginine at a dose of 800 mg.kg -1 .dose-1 , 24 hours and 1 hour before surgery. The pNGAL, uNGAL, KIM-1 e IL-18 and creatinine levels and kidney histopathology were analysed. The significance level was p < 0.05. Results: Creatinine was increased in all groups, with LA≈C>S≈LAC. pNGAL was increased in all groups and showed a similar trend. uNGAL levels were higher in groups C and LAC than LA and had intermediate values in group S. The KIM-1 levels were increased in the S, LAC and LA groups, but the contrast analysis revealed no differences between the groups in terms of their trends. IL-18 levels were higher in LA than in the other groups (C, S and LAC). The C and LA groups, compared with the S and LAC groups, had higher damage on the left side. There was no histopathological difference between C and LA or between S and LAC. Conclusion: L-arginine does not exert a damaging or protective effect on kidneys undergoing I/R injury based on the evaluation of kidney functions, histopathology and pNGAL and KIM-1 levels.
FAPESP: 2012/13603-2
Gorisse, Laëtitia. "Modalités d'accumulation des produits de carbamylation des protéines au cours du vieillissement et de l'insuffisance rénale chronique." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS023/document.
Non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins, such as glycation, oxidation, and carbamylation, are associated with tissue aging. Chronic diseases are pathological contexts known for amplifying these chemical modifications. A still poorly investigated reaction is carbamylation, or the binding of isocyanic acid, a byproduct principally derived from urea, to protein amino groups. This process leads to the formation of carbamylation-derived products (CDPs) such as homocitrulline. In vitro experiments have shown that carbamylation contributes to the alteration of structural and functional properties of various tissue and plasma proteins. The metabolic fate of carbamylated proteins in vivo, however, is still unclear.Herein, we have evaluated tissue carbamylation rate during chronic renal failure (CRF) and aging in vivo. Our results show that carbamylation occurs physiologically during aging and is amplified during CRF, leading to an accumulation of CDPs in tissues. This reaction affects more intensely type I collagen but also affects elastin, both extracellular compounds with long half-lives. These results could be linked with infectious and inflammatory disorders observed in aging and CRF. Moreover, the organism seems to be able to limit the carbamylation process, suggesting that further studies could develop preventive or therapeutic strategies
Canciani, E. "ANALISI IMMUNOISTOCHIMICA E MOLECOLARE DEL PATTERN DI RIMODELLAMENTO OSSEO NELL¿ALVEOLO POST-ESTRATTIVO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/229909.
Immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of bone remodelling pattern in alveolar socket. AIM Following tooth extraction, the alveolar bone remodelling process starts. The aim of this research project was to characterize the molecular and morphological aspects of the alveolar bone remodelling pattern before and after dental extraction and in conjunction with the use of hydroxyapatite enriched with magnesium (Mg-e HA) to preserve the post-extractive alveolar socket. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six patients, divided in three groups, were enrolled in this study. The studied groups were: alveolar bone (OA, n=14), spontaneous healing (GS, n=10) and biomaterial (B, n=12). The biopsies for morphological and molecular analyses were harvested during the extraction tooth session (group OA) or 4-6 months later (GS, B). In GS group, patients recovered spontaneously, while in B group Mg-e HA granules were grafted to avoid the collapse of post-extraction socket. For each group, one specimen was processed for Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for TNF-α, IL-6, RANK, RANKL and OPG. Another specimen was processed to evaluate the gene expression of the same biomarkers by Real-Time PCR (mRNA retro-transcript into cDNA). Data were normalized on housekeeping gene 18s. In GS and B groups, ground sections were obtained to evaluate the mineral component by mean of stereological analyses. For each parameter, statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the differences among the three groups (Kruskal Wallis, significance for p<0.05); post hoc tests were made by Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05/3). RESULTS Samples harvested from each group presented a normal structure, without evident inflammatory infiltrate. Immunohistochemical (IA) and molecular analysis (MA) showed an increment for all biomarkers. IA: The three groups were significantly different for markers TNF-α (p<0.05), RANK (p<0.01), IL-6 e RANKL (p<0.001). Post hoc tests showed a difference between OA and B for RANK (p≤ 0.01), IL-6 and RANKL (p ≤0.001); between GS and B for IL-6 (p≤0.01). MA: Kruskal Wallis test showed a difference among groups for IL-6 (p≤0.05), RANKL and OPG (p≤0.001); post hoc tests revealed a significant difference between: OA and B for IL-6 (p≤0.01); OA and GS for RANKL and OPG (p≤0.001); GS and B for IL-6 and RANKL (p≤0.01), OPG (p≤0.001). RANKL/OPG ratio showed a tendency towards a reduced osteoclastogenesis in group B. Histomorphometry revealed a high percentage of mineralized tissue in the grafted sites; all the residual granules were surrounded by newly formed bone, consisting in regenerated bone bridges. CONCLUSION Both post-extractive groups had an increase of all analysed biomarkers in respect of the physiological remodelling pattern. In the grafted sites, IL-6 values were higher than in the spontaneous healing group; in contrast RANK, RANKL and OPG were slightly lower. The present data may suggest a slowing down in the restoration of the anatomical site, possibly due to a down regulation in the osteoclastogenesis. However, the tissue composition of the grafted alveolar socket showed a good bone regeneration in both groups. Therefore, the current biomaterial could be considered a useful tool for alveolar socket preservation.
Tang, Chian-Wen, and 唐千雯. "Effects of methionine, vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 on testicular/renal antioxidative defense system and histology in adult rats." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90144187296063905013.
國立成功大學
生物學系碩博士班
92
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid whose metabolism stands at the intersection of two pathways including remethylation to methionine (Met) which requires folate and vitamin B12, and transsulfuration to cystathionine which requires vitamin B6.Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) arises from impairment of Hcy metabolism resulting from the deficiency of vitamin B6, B12 or folic acid and has been shown to induce oxidative stress. Studies showed that HHcy treated with vitamin B6、B12 or folic acid could effectively lower plasma Hcy levels. Recently, Hcy has been found to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative stress that induce was reported to damage the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the cell membrane, causing the impairment of cellular functions. Studies also showed that HHcy was associated with renal diseases including stages of renal dialysis, renal failure and end-stage renal disease. Testicular membranes are rich in PUFA and highly susceptible to oxidative stress which is implicated in male infertility. In our previous study, we found that Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 could decrease plasma Hcy concentration. The present work was undertaken to investigate the oxidative, antioxidative indicators and histology of testis and kidney in HHcy rats supplemented with Met, Met plus vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 simultaneously. HHcy was induced by i.p injection of Met at dose 300 mg/KgBW daily for 8 weeks. Oxidative (Hcy, ROS, MDA) and antioxidative (CAT, SOD, GSH, GSSG, GPx and GR) indicators, and histology of HHcy rats were investigated. Results of oxidative indicators showed that Met group significantly increased Hcy and MDA levels in plasma (p<0.01), ROS and MDA levels in the testis and kidney compare to the control (p<0.01). Vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly decreased Hcy and MDA levels in plasma (p<0.01), folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly decreased testicular ROS levels (p<0.01), folic acid significantly decreased but Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly increased renal ROS levels (p<0.01), vitamin B12 or folic acid significantly decreased testicular MDA levels (p<0.01), vitamin B6, B12 or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly decreased renal MDA levels (p<0.01). Histological examinations showed that Met group had rare of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa in the seminiferous tube of testis, over-proliferation of mesangial cell, glomerular extracellular matrix was increased in the kidney. The glomerular mesangium was expanded with hypercellularity and capillary collapse in the kidney of the Met group. Vitamin B6, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 reversed the development of spermatogenic cells and spermatogenesis in the testis, glomerular structure in the kidney but except vitamin B12 in the kidney. The antioxidative indicators of our data showed that Met group significantly decreased testicular SOD and increased CAT (p<0.01), significantly decreased renal CAT, GR and increased GPx compare to the control group (p<0.01). Folic acid significantly increased testicular and renal CAT (p<0.01), vitamin B12 or folic acid significantly decreased testicular GSH and GSSG levels (p<0.01), vitamin B6 or B12 significantly decreased but Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly increased renal GSH levels (p<0.01), vitamin B12 or folic acid significantly decreased but Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly increased renal GSSG levels (p<0.01). Vitamin B12 or folic acid significantly increased testicular GPx (p<0.01), vitamin B12 significantly increased but folic acid significantly decreased renal GPx (p<0.01). Vitamin B12 or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly increased but folic acid could significantly decreased testicular GR (p<0.01);vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 significantly decreased renal GR (p<0.01). In summary, (I) methionine injection intraperitoneally (i.p.) could stably induce high Hcy concentrations for a period of time, (II) intraperitoneally injection of Met could induce oxidative stress in the testis and kidney, (III) vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 could significantly decrease oxidative damage induced by Met in the plasma, testis and kidney, (IV) vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 did not furthur induce antioxidative activity, which might be due to the use up of the antioxidative enzymes for scavenging the ROS induced by the Met. In conclusion, vitamin B6, B12, folic acid or Dioscorea alata L. cv. Tainong 2 could protect testis and kidney against the oxidative stress of HHcy induced by Met in this study.
Corridon, Peter R. "Hydrodynamic delivery for the study, treatment and prevention of acute kidney injury." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4603.
Advancements in human genomics have simultaneously enhanced our basic understanding of the human body and ability to combat debilitating diseases. Historically, research has shown that there have been many hindrances to realizing this medicinal revolution. One hindrance, with particular regard to the kidney, has been our inability to effectively and routinely delivery genes to various loci, without inducing significant injury. However, we have recently developed a method using hydrodynamic fluid delivery that has shown substantial promise in addressing aforesaid issues. We optimized our approach and designed a method that utilizes retrograde renal vein injections to facilitate widespread and persistent plasmid and adenoviral based transgene expression in rat kidneys. Exogenous gene expression extended throughout the cortex and medulla, lasting over 1 month within comparable expression profiles, in various renal cell types without considerably impacting normal organ function. As a proof of its utility we by attempted to prevent ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across among global populations, by altering the mitochondrial proteome. Specifically, our hydrodynamic delivery process facilitated an upregulated expression of mitochondrial enzymes that have been suggested to provide mediation from renal ischemic injury. Remarkably, this protein upregulation significantly enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential activity, comparable to that observed from ischemic preconditioning, and provided protection against moderate ischemia-reperfusion injury, based on serum creatinine and histology analyses. Strikingly, we also determined that hydrodynamic delivery of isotonic fluid alone, given as long as 24 hours after AKI is induced, is similarly capable of blunting the extent of injury. Altogether, these results indicate the development of novel and exciting platform for the future study and management of renal injury.
Datta, Rabi Raj. "L-FABP und H-FABP als neue prognostische Biomarker für den Beginn einer Nierenersatztherapie im Falle eines akuten Nierenversagens." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B305-6.