Готові списки джерел за темами / Remote Tower Operations

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

Friedrich, Maik, and Christoph Möhlenbrink. "How to Evaluate Remote Tower Metrics in Connection With Weather Observations." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 8, no. 2 (September 2018): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000142.

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Abstract. Owing to the different approaches for remote tower operation, a standardized set of indicators is needed to evaluate the technical implementations at a task performance level. One of the most influential factors for air traffic control is weather. This article describes the influence of weather metrics on remote tower operations and how to validate them against each other. Weather metrics are essential to the evaluation of different remote controller working positions. Therefore, weather metrics were identified as part of a validation at the Erfurt-Weimar Airport. Air traffic control officers observed weather events at the tower control working position and the remote control working position. The eight participating air traffic control officers answered time-synchronized questionnaires at both workplaces. The questionnaires addressed operationally relevant weather events in the aerodrome. The validation experiment targeted the air traffic control officer’s ability to categorize and judge the same weather event at different workplaces. The results show the potential of standardized indicators for the evaluation of performance and the importance of weather metrics in relation to other evaluation metrics.

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Wang, Jin Yu, Guang Jie Fu, Dong Xue Lin, and Chao Wang. "Research on Tower Crane Safety Control System Based on GPRS and U Disk Storage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.901.

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Driven by the interests of the construction unit, field workers illegal operations and other reasons, tower crane collapse accidents occur frequently, personal injury or death became common occurrence. According to the nationalGB12602-2010 lifting mechanical overload protection device security technical specifications, security and monitoring equipment must be installed on the tower crane. The GPRS and U disk storage tower crane control system has catered to the national security specified requirements. By the control system, the data can not only be recorded and inquired, well it can also be wireless remote transmitted. Supervisors who are in units can also monitor the construction site online. Meanwhile, the system can control the tower crane operations according to the specific situation of overrun. The system has a good promotional value.

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Wang, Jin Yu, Guang Jie Fu, Dong Xue Lin, and Chao Wang. "Signal Acquisition and Process on Tower Crane Safety Control System." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2141.

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Tower crane collapse accidents occur frequently, personal injury or death became a common occurrence. According to the nationalGB12602-2011 lifting mechanical overload protection device security technical specifications, security and monitoring equipment must be installed on the tower crane. The GPRS and U disk storage tower crane control system has catered to the national security specified requirements, record and inquires can be realized, at the same time, the control system can achieve data wireless remote. Supervising person that in the units can monitor the construction site online. Meanwhile, the system can control the tower crane operations according to the specific situation of overrun.

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Kearney, Peter, Wen‐Chin Li, Jingyi Zhang, Graham Braithwaite, and Lei Wang. "Human performance assessment of a single air traffic controller conducting multiple remote tower operations." Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries 30, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20827.

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Rautenberg, Alexander, Martin Schön, Kjell zum Berge, Moritz Mauz, Patrick Manz, Andreas Platis, Bram van Kesteren, Irene Suomi, Stephan T. Kral, and Jens Bange. "The Multi-Purpose Airborne Sensor Carrier MASC-3 for Wind and Turbulence Measurements in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer." Sensors 19, no. 10 (May 17, 2019): 2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19102292.

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For atmospheric boundary-layer (ABL) studies, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) can provide new information in addition to traditional in-situ measurements, or by ground- or satellite-based remote sensing techniques. The ability of fixed-wing UAS to transect the ABL in short time supplement ground-based measurements and the ability to extent the data horizontally and vertically allows manifold investigations. Thus, the measurements can provide many new possibilities for investigating the ABL. This study presents the new mark of the Multi-Purpose Airborne Sensor Carrier (MASC-3) for wind and turbulence measurements and describes the subsystems designed to improve the wind measurement, to gain endurance and to allow operations under an enlarged range of environmental conditions. The airframe, the capabilities of the autopilot Pixhawk 2.1, the sensor system and the data acquisition software, as well as the post-processing software, provide the basis for flight experiments and are described in detail. Two flights in a stable boundary-layer and a close comparison to a measurement tower and a Sodar system depict the accuracy of the wind speed and direction measurements, as well as the turbulence measurements. Mean values, variances, covariance, turbulent kinetic energy and the integral length scale agree well with measurements from a meteorological measurement tower. MASC-3 performs valuable measurements of stable boundary layers with high temporal resolution and supplements the measurements of meteorological towers and sodar systems.

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Telychko, Hanna, Dmytro Romanenkov, Bohdan Kariev, and Andrii Rogozhyn. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC WATER SUPPLY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A REMOTE VILLAGE." Naukovyi visnyk Donetskoho natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu, no. 1-2 (2022): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2415-7902-2022-1(8)-2(9)-119-127.

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Purpose. Modernization of existing solutions for automatic control of water supply in a remote village. Methodology. The integrated approach to analyze the design object, to choose of the concept of building a water supply management system, to use mathematical methods for the study of operations, and the description of the control and management system have been used for the research. Results. The article provides a critical analysis of existing modern solutions for water supply in remote villages. Water consumption and water supply sources for the population, namely water intake wells, and calculation of the volume of the water tower, have been determined. Frequency regulation of pumping units and principles of automation of pumping stations have also been given. Priority directions for further research to improve the efficiency of water supply has been established. An algorithm for monitoring and controlling of autonomous water supply has been developed, and a SCADA system has been created to monitor the status of the pumping station. Scientific novelty. A unique water supply system has been proposed instead of the centralized one. A SCADA system to control the current state of the complex has been created. Practical significance. Optimization model of the automatic control system of the water supply of a remote village with a backup power supply and real-time control of the system. This solution has been designed for the full cycle of water supply, to reduce costs. It ensures uninterrupted water supply, optimize the operation of pumping stations and adapt the existing infrastructure to changing water quality requirements.

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Kearney, Peter, and Wen-Chin Li. "Multiple remote tower for Single European Sky: The evolution from initial operational concept to regulatory approved implementation." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 116 (October 2018): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.06.005.

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FUKASAWA, Shinichi, and Yusuke SUZUKI. "An Evaluation of Augmented Reality Function to Reduce the Wide-Area Surveillance Workload for Remote Air Traffic Control Tower Operations." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 58, Supplement (July 30, 2022): 1E2–04–1E2–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.58.1e2-04.

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Li, Wen-Chin, Peter Kearney, Graham Braithwaite, and John J. H. Lin. "How much is too much on monitoring tasks? Visual scan patterns of single air traffic controller performing multiple remote tower operations." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 67 (September 2018): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2018.05.005.

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Metzger, Stefan, David Durden, Sreenath Paleri, Matthias Sühring, Brian J. Butterworth, Christopher Florian, Matthias Mauder, et al. "Novel approach to observing system simulation experiments improves information gain of surface–atmosphere field measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 6929–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6929-2021.

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Abstract. The observing system design of multidisciplinary field measurements involves a variety of considerations on logistics, safety, and science objectives. Typically, this is done based on investigator intuition and designs of prior field measurements. However, there is potential for considerable increases in efficiency, safety, and scientific success by integrating numerical simulations in the design process. Here, we present a novel numerical simulation–environmental response function (NS–ERF) approach to observing system simulation experiments that aids surface–atmosphere synthesis at the interface of mesoscale and microscale meteorology. In a case study we demonstrate application of the NS–ERF approach to optimize the Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019 (CHEESEHEAD19). During CHEESEHEAD19 pre-field simulation experiments, we considered the placement of 20 eddy covariance flux towers, operations for 72 h of low-altitude flux aircraft measurements, and integration of various remote sensing data products. A 2 h high-resolution large eddy simulation created a cloud-free virtual atmosphere for surface and meteorological conditions characteristic of the field campaign domain and period. To explore two specific design hypotheses we super-sampled this virtual atmosphere as observed by 13 different yet simultaneous observing system designs consisting of virtual ground, airborne, and satellite observations. We then analyzed these virtual observations through ERFs to yield an optimal aircraft flight strategy for augmenting a stratified random flux tower network in combination with satellite retrievals. We demonstrate how the novel NS–ERF approach doubled CHEESEHEAD19's potential to explore energy balance closure and spatial patterning science objectives while substantially simplifying logistics. Owing to its modular extensibility, NS–ERF lends itself to optimizing observing system designs also for natural climate solutions, emission inventory validation, urban air quality, industry leak detection, and multi-species applications, among other use cases.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

Rosa, De Piano. "Concepts of multimodal interactions to support Human Performance in Remote Tower Operations." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1203521.

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This thesis deals with the development of exploratory concepts of multimodal interactions able to support the Human Performance (HP) of Tower (TWR) Air Traffic Controllers (ATCOs) from a remote tower, during the traffic management on the area under their responsibility. Nowadays the TWR Controllers’ job consists in the management of the aircraft and vehicles movements on the runways and taxiways of an airport and they perform their tasks with the Out-The-Window (OTW) view, which means that they look at the vehicles without using any screens, but directly looking outside of the tower building windows, especially in small and medium airports. In recent years, a new operational concept emerged in aviation: the Remote Tower Operations (RTOs). The motivation of the growth of this new concept is the current European situation of small and medium density airports that often have to face the difficulties and the high costs for the provision of a safe and efficient Air Traffic Service (ATS). The idea behind is that in the new remote working environment, the Tower ATCO will no longer perform his/her tasks from a local aerodrome but from a distant position. According to the European guidelines that are being developed to define the technical and operational requirements of the Remote Tower system, it is supposed that the TWR ATCOs will monitor the traffic mainly through the implementation of high definition cameras, including also radar screens and radio transmission, instead of the OTW. In addition to the visual information, the aerodrome outdoor sound is also taken into consideration for the development of the Control Working Position (CWP) support tools, without any mention to data collected through other sensory modalities. The PhD work has been carried out in the framework of a European project called MOTO (The embodied reMOte TOwer) which, considering the above-mentioned context and the theories of multisensory interaction and embodied cognition, explores the possibility to improve human performance in RTOs. The multisensory concept and the embodied cognition, which study the feeling and the modalities humans use to interact with the environment, have been considered as the theoretical context to achieve a full understanding on how controllers use all of their senses during every day operations, in order to improve the situation awareness and to decrease the workload. This approach offers the advantage of analysing complex human behaviours during natural interactions in real-world environments and in enriched simulations of the real world.

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Книги з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

Inc, Game Counselor. Game Counselor's Answer Book for Nintendo Players. Redmond, USA: Microsoft Pr, 1991.

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Inc, Game Counsellor, ed. The Game Counsellor's answer book for Nintendo Game players: Hundredsof questions -and answers - about more than 250 popular Nintendo Games. Redmond, Washington: Microsoft Press, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

van Schaik, F. J., J. J. M. Roessingh, G. Lindqvist, and K. Fält. "Detection and Recognition for Remote Tower Operations." In Virtual and Remote Control Tower, 53–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28719-5_3.

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Kearney, Peter, Wen-Chin Li, Graham Braithwaite, and Matthew Greaves. "The Investigation Human-Computer Interaction on Multiple Remote Tower Operations." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Performance, Emotion and Situation Awareness, 301–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58472-0_23.

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Kearney, Peter, Wen-Chin Li, and Graham Braithwaite. "Human Performance Assessment of Multiple Remote Tower Operations Simultaneous Take-Off and Landing at Two Airports." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, 583–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91122-9_47.

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Friedrich, Maik, Anneke Hamann, and Jörn Jakobi. "An Eye Catcher in the ATC Domain: Influence of Multiple Remote Tower Operations on Distribution of Eye Movements." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design, 262–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49183-3_21.

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Friedrich, Maik, Felix Timmermann, and Jörn Jakobi. "Supervising Multiple Remote Tower Operations: How to Develop and Test a New Work Position in the ATC Domain?" In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, 130–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77932-0_11.

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Papenfuss, Anne, and Christoph Möhlenbrink. "Assessing Operational Validity of Remote Tower Control in High-Fidelity Simulation." In Virtual and Remote Control Tower, 87–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28719-5_5.

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Friedrich, Maik. "Which Metrics Provide the Insight Needed? A Selection of Remote Tower Evaluation Metrics to Support a Remote Tower Operation Concept Validation." In Virtual and Remote Control Tower, 221–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28719-5_10.

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Friedrich, Maik. "Which Metrics Provide the Insight Needed? A Selection of Remote Tower Evaluation Metrics to Support a Remote Tower Operation Concept Validation." In Virtual and Remote Control Tower, 197–216. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93650-1_9.

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Barela, Mary Claire, Maria Theresa Cunanan, Cedric Angelo Festin, Kurtis Heimerl, Esther Jang, Matthew William Johnson, Philip Martinez, and Ronel Vincent Vistal. "Connecting Communities Through Mobile Networks: A Case Study of Implementing Community Cellular Networks in the Philippines." In Introduction to Development Engineering, 567–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86065-3_21.

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AbstractCommunity networking can provide telecommunications in unserved and underserved areas where markets fail to deliver adequate Internet service due to high risk of investment and limited returns. This has left an estimated 400 million people worldwide in areas uncovered by mobile networks. In much of the Philippines, with just under 70% mobile phone penetration, unserved communities have limited connectivity options. We describe the CoCoMoNets (Connecting Communities through Mobile Networks) project implemented by the University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD) and international researchers, which delivered basic mobile telephony to remote rural barangays through community cellular networks. The core technology is a low-power, low-cost GSM base station operating at a fraction of the capital and recurring costs of traditional equipment. Deploying Filipino community networks presented unique challenges requiring extensive stakeholder coordination, including an MNO, regulators, local governments, local cooperatives, and end users. The project team encountered challenges including spectrum sharing, tower licensing, geographical remoteness, maintenance difficulties, local politics, and community relations. This chapter documents the project’s experiences and challenges in testing the community cellular model in the real world. After 2 years of operation, the researchers summarize their learnings to contribute to the development of future approaches in delivering sustainable last-mile communication access.

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Schmidt, Markus, Michael Rudolph, Bernd Werther, Christoph Möhlenbrink, and Norbert Fürstenau. "Development of an Augmented Vision Video Panorama Human-Machine Interface for Remote Airport Tower Operation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1119–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73354-6_122.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Remote Tower Operations"

Kugler, Dirk. "From TCAS to Remote Tower Operations (RTO)." In 2015 IEEE/AIAA 34th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2015.7311663.

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Papenfuss, Anne, and Maik Friedrich. "Head up only — A design concept to enable multiple remote tower operations." In 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2016.7777948.

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Joshi, Mehul, Padmanabhan Ramabhaskaran, Ankit Shah, Sandeep Soni, Rohan Gupte, and Jitendra Mitra. "Remote Automated Well Test Operation on Un-Manned Well-Head Tower to Achieve Operational Safety and Efficiency." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211016-ms.

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Abstract The unmanned operation in an offshore operating asset with large number of wells inherits a variety of operational and safety challenges, which demands innovation and emerging technology adoption. This paper demonstrates one of such operational activities related to well testing, where the value realized from mitigation of challenges brings significant process improvement in terms of safety and efficiency. Moreover, this paper also highlights the importance of planning and implementing such an initiative to overcome the process optimization challenges and associated change management risks. The current process of well test operation requires the process engineer to divert the well strings by operating the valves manually to perform the test. The associated challenges related to the execution of such an operation were captured while devising the automated well test approach for remote WHT. This solution was formulated on a fallback strategy to retain the existing process in case of remote access failure. Using the SCADA system at the control location, the operator can execute the remote operation using a simplified process just by selecting a well and initiating the associated test operation. This automated process enabled users to plan, execute, and control the well test operation seamlessly, realizing operational KPIs safely and efficiently. The manual interventions and related mistakes were minimized by using this automated approach. The interlock feature of the approach brought automation and operational efficiency to the process due to the system performing conditional checks on different associated equipment in this process. This significantly improved the manhour efforts and interlinked human errors, which could otherwise cause a significant loss of operational time and cost. The seamless integration with corporate data sources assured information flow from field to head offices fast and accurately, which adds to the process efficiency by avoiding human errors related to manual data handling. The integration aspect of this solution was unique as it was based on constant feedback and rigorous testing with end-users, along with robust architecture to incorporate various IT components and OT cybersecurity concerns. The novelty of this solution was based on an approach that caters to the complexity, safety and process efficiency concerns of the current process when observed from the operational challenges associated with a giant producing field in a remote location. This brings the field in control and enables the asset operation team to plan the operations in a proactive manner, delivering quality outputs while achieving the critical operational KPIs.

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Papenfuss, Anne, Fabian Reuschling, Jorn Jakobi, Tim Rambau, Eckart Michaelsen, and Norbert Scherer-Negenborn. "Designing a fusion of visible and infra-red camera streams for remote tower operations." In 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero47225.2020.9172645.

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Koracin, Darko, Richard L. Reinhardt, Marshall B. Liddle, Travis McCord, Domagoj Podnar, and Timothy B. Minor. "Assessment of Wind Energy for Nevada Using Towers and Mesoscale Modeling." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36198.

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The main objectives of the study were to support wind energy assessment for all of Nevada by providing two annual cycles of high-resolution mesoscale modeling evaluated by data from surface stations and towers, estimating differences between these annual cycles and standard wind maps, and providing wind and wind power density statistics at elevations relevant to turbine operations. In addition to the 65 existing Remote Automated Weather Stations in Nevada, four 50-m-tall meteorological towers were deployed in western Nevada to capture long-term wind characteristics and provide database input to verify and improve modeling results. The modeling methodology using Mesoscale Model 5 (MM5) was developed to provide wind and wind power density estimates representing mesoscale effects that include actual synoptic forcing during the two annual cycles (horizontal resolution on the order of 2 and 3 km). The results from the two annual simulation cycles show similar wind statistics with an average difference of less than 100 W/m2. The available TrueWind results for the wind power density at 50 m show greater values of wind power density compared to both MM5-simulated annual cycles for most of the area. However, mainly in the Sierras and the mountainous regions of southern and eastern Nevada, the MM5 simulations indicate greater values for wind power density. The results of this study suggest that the synthesis of the data from a network of tower observations and high-resolution mesoscale modeling is a crucial tool for assessing the wind power density in Nevada and, more generally, other topographically developed areas.

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Corbett, Jonathan C., Navid Goudarzi, and Mohammadamin Sheikhshahrokhdehkordi. "Wind Catcher Technology: The Impact of Tower Cross Section and Turbine on Wind Power Harnessing." In ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1947.

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Abstract This research explores utilizing distributed wind turbines in the built environment computationally. The targeted wind turbine design is an unconventional ducted turbine, called Wind Tower technology that its operation and performance metrics have been studied in earlier works in the team. Wind Tower is an established architectural technology that operates by catching wind and directing it into buildings, providing natural ventilation to support HVAC systems, and thus reducing cooling costs in urban environments. Wind power has long struggled to meet expectations in built (urban) environments. By combining wind towers at different cross sections with wind turbines, one might develop a device which provides natural ventilation and produces power in spite of a hostile wind environment. The preliminary results suggest that the maximum potential for a wind tower-turbine combination appears to be 700-1.46 kW under idealized conditions with a 4 m/s site dominant wind speed. This suggests that wind towers might be viable for power harvesting in both remote and grid connected regions. Further analysis suggested that additional turbine performance enhancements are needed to bring the turbine real power production closer to that ideal.

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Sripramote, Pobtorn, and Worawit Yingvorapant. "Riser-Less Surveillance for Aging Subsea Wellhead with Light Construction Vessel." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31485-ms.

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Abstract Legacy Unocal have drilled hundreds of exploration wells between 1970's to 1990's in Gulf of Thailand with semi-submersible drilling rigs and drillships. Those exploration wells were plugged and abandoned as per the requirements back in the 1970's which the subsea wellheads were not cut and removed. According to asset retirement obligation, all structures above seabed need to be removed before returning concession area. These subsea wellheads are planned for cut and recovery, however, there are many uncertainties in regard to well conditions which includes trapped gas in casing annulus and casing corrosion. The correct and safest approaches to cut and recovery are to perform wellbore logging runs, gas evaluations, and casing wall thickness investigation. The challenges faced in executing the logging runs in open water environment are to conduct safe, efficient, and reliable operations on Dynamic Positioning (DP) vessel which includes a work-class Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). The key factor is to attain as much information and quality logging data to engineer a successful cut and recovery campaign for these complex subsea abandonments. To perform this operation in open water, it can lead to inaccurate logging data due to uncompensated conditions. An innovative solution was collaboratively invented and developed with Business Partners to deploy Logging Tower Subsea Deployment system (LTSDS) to mimic static logging condition. The tower is self-standing design with a capability to rig up on different type of wellhead. The trial was performed but had complications of deployment due to weather impact. The new method, non-compensated real time logging on Electric Line, was introduced to improve time spent per wells. The comparison of logging results from both methods shown similar and reliable log interpretations. The remaining wells were logged with non-compensated real time method, which reduce operational time by 45% as well as lower associated operational risks. Other challenges encountered included logging depths 100 ft below mudline. Since some wells have shallower holdup depths or the tool could not pass due to encountering obstruction at shallow depths, gauge cutter was deployed with slickline unit to remove obstruction, followed by downhole high pressure jetting tool which was effectively helping to achieved logging intervals. Interpretation of logging data were completed on more than 100 wells and results were used to engineer a detailed cut and recovery campaign and utilize new technology that the team had sourced to execute the operation. With innovative designed set up of riser-less operation on light construction vessel, it is proven to meet objective of reliable logging data and cost efficiency and demonstrated flexibility for operation improvement.

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Staiger, J. "HTTP-based remote operational options for the Vacuum Tower Telescope, Tenerife." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Alison B. Peck, Robert L. Seaman, and Fernando Comeron. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.927090.

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Muscatello, Giovanna. "La torre nella torre. Recupero e rilievo 3D per la fruizione della Torre Matta ad Otranto." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11357.

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The tower in the tower. Recovery and 3D survey for virtual visits to the Torre Matta in OtrantoOtranto is one of the biggest ancient settlements in the Salento (Puglia), in the easternmost part of the Italian peninsula. This location has always affected the city’s history, which has a stratified system of defence. As a result of the Turkish invasion of 1480, the city was completely destroyed. During the counter-offensive of 1481 the city was reconquered by the Aragonese, who are credited with the reconstruction of the city and its defences, building high walls with circular towers (still visible and well conserved), which housed artillery pieces on the various floors of the casemates. Around the mid sixteenth century the existing defensive structures were enriched with bastions including the imposing pentagonal structure that incorporates the circular tower of the late fifteenth century, the so-called Torre Matta, facing the harbour. As part of recent recovery measures, the enormous room inside the bastion was completely emptied. This entailed removing all the accumulated material which, over the years, had come to fill the entire space. This material obscured the external wall of the fifteenth century tower enclosed within the bastion, of which, at the beginning of the work, only the stone corbels and the blind arches at the top were visible. The material had also prevented access via the only original entrance, on the south-east side, which was on the level of the moat. The stratified deposits to be removed were about 18 m deep, and the operation served to bring to light the entire room and the tower, making it possible for the first time to appreciate the relationship between the walls. To record the geometry of the individual architectural features, a 3D laser scan was performed, integrated with direct surveys. A three-dimensional model was created in order to enable virtual visits and disseminate knowledge of the monument.

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Fuller, Nathan E., David M. Wiens, Allison L. Johnston, and Jesse J. French. "Design and Analysis of the Aerodynamic Components for a Kilowatt Scale VAWT Optimized for Low Altitude Implementation in Remote Rural Villages." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54550.

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The ideal operating conditions for traditional horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) are generally described by high velocity, steady winds, and undisturbed, laminar air flow. In the direct vicinity of populated areas, these conditions can only be achieved at altitudes significantly above or beyond the built-up area, typically twice the height of the tallest surrounding obstruction. The cost of tower material and transmission lines makes placing turbines at optimal operating heights cost-prohibitive in low-income, remote villages. Though not ideal for HAWT operation, the wind close to the earth’s surface and in proximity of residences can be utilized with an appropriately designed vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). These turbines, while having a lower theoretical maximum efficiency, can survive and utilize the turbulent multidirectional winds in this operating region while still providing usable power. This paper highlights the design and analysis work performed by the authors to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of a unique and patented VAWT design in order to optimize it for implementation in remote rural villages. The final product is a kW capacity VAWT of unique geometry based on the previous successful testing of a 100W prototype. Specifically, the authors explored the aerodynamic effects of varying the geometry of the radial arms and center hubs of the turbine using CFD and wind tunnel testing. The design goal was to develop arms with aerodynamic properties that complemented the function of the blades at the appropriate phases of a single revolution. While the previous prototype focused mainly on minimizing drag, this effort sought to design an arm profile that develops high drag in one airflow direction and minimizes drag in the opposite direction. Implementation of these results was realized in a fully functioning drag VAWT. Furthermore, the system was designed to keep the turbine affordable for remote populations with limited resources. This data is compared to theoretical performance calculations, existing wind turbine designs, and against predictions made using scaling factors on preexisting data from the smaller prototype.

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