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1
Brito-Marcelino, Arthur, Rodrigo Japur Duarte-Tavares, Katienne Brito Marcelino, and Julio Alves Silva-Neto. "Cervical cancer related to occupational risk factors: review." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho 18, no. 1 (July 19, 2020): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z1679443520200419.
Анотація:
Background: Occupational risk factors are associated with many types of neoplasms including cervical cancer. Objective: To review the specialized literature for evidence on the relationship between cervical cancer and exposure to occupational hazards. Methods: Literature search in electronic databases using keywords cervical cancer and occupational risk. Results: Workers occupationally exposed to tobacco, fungi or bacteria, metalworking fluids and tetrachloroethylene used in dry cleaning and for metal degreasing exhibited higher susceptibility to cervical cancer. Conclusion: Few studies sought to investigate relationships between cervical cancer and occupational hazards, which hinders the attempts at establishing a causal link.
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Williams, Mark, Ying Zhou, and Min Zou. "The Rise in Pay for Performance Among Higher Managerial and Professional Occupations in Britain: Eroding or Enhancing the Service Relationship?" Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 4 (April 26, 2019): 605–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019841552.
Анотація:
Higher managerial and professional occupations are now the most incentivized occupational class in Britain. It is not yet known whether the rise in pay for performance (PFP) signifies an erosion or enhancement in the ‘service relationship’ that purportedly characterizes these occupations. Taking an occupational class perspective, this article investigates the implications of the rise in PFP for the employment relationship and conditions of work across the occupational structure using two nationally representative datasets. In fixed-effects estimates, PFP is found to heavily substitute base earnings in non-service class occupations, but not in service class occupations. PFP jobs generally have no worse conditions relative to non-PFP jobs within occupational classes. The article concludes the rise in PFP should be conceptualized more as a form of ‘rent sharing’ for service class occupations, enhancing the service relationship, and as a form of ‘risk sharing’ for non-service class occupations.
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Haupt, Andreas, and Christian Ebner. "Occupations and Inequality: Theoretical Perspectives and Mechanisms." KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 72, S1 (July 24, 2020): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11577-020-00685-0.
Анотація:
Abstract People’s occupations are strongly related to multiple dimensions of inequality, such as inequalities in wages, health, autonomy, or risk of temporary employment. The theories and mechanisms linking occupations to these inequalities are subject to debate. We review the recent evidence on the relationship between occupations and inequality and discuss the following four overarching theoretical perspectives: occupations and skills, occupations and tasks, occupations and institutions, and occupations and culture. We show that each perspective has strong implications for how scholars conceptualize occupations and which occupational characteristics are seen as relevant when explaining inequalities. Building on this, we review and critically examine the relevant theories related to and the mechanisms of the relationship between occupation and wage inequality, as an example. We conclude that there is sound empirical knowledge available on the relationships between occupations and inequality; however, some of the mechanisms are still unclear.
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M. Russell, Lisa. "An empirical investigation of high-risk occupations." Management Research Review 37, no. 4 (March 11, 2014): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-10-2012-0227.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between stress and burnout in high-risk occupations and how leadership moderates this relationship. Thus, the primary research question addressed within this study is: What is the relationship between stress and burnout in high-risk occupations as governed by transformational leadership behavior? Design/methodology/approach – An analysis of primary data obtained by survey from 379 police officers from nine southern and southwestern agencies was conducted. Hierarchical regression analysis, multiple moderated hierarchical regression analysis, bivariate correlation analyses and other statistical methods are used. Findings – Results indicate police stress exacerbates perceived burnout. Transformational leadership influences this relationship such that high levels of perceived transformational leadership attenuates the negative relationship between stress and burnout, but less so under highly stressful conditions. Findings have strong implications for leaders in high-risk occupations where bureaucracy, departmental policy, and life and death decision-making intersect. Research limitations/implications – This study can be used as a basis for further inquiry into the effects of transformational leadership on individuals' perceptions of performance, behavioral and psychological criterion variables in high-risk occupations. Practical implications – The assessment of relationships among stress and burnout in high-risk occupational settings potentially allows managers to better understand how to structure supervisor-subordinate relationships in order to minimize the effects of stress on perceived burnout and provides a more realistic view of how individuals in high-risk occupations are influenced by leader behaviors under stressful conditions. Originality/value – This study is thought to be the only one to evaluate the moderated relationships among stress, transformational leadership and burnout in high-risk occupations characterized by increasingly stressful circumstances. More specifically, the notion that individuals in high-risk occupations perceive burnout differently than those in less-risky occupations is not prevalent in the literature.
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Avolio, Bruce J., Paul E. Panek, and Veronica Harcar. "Occupational Risk in Retirement Ages Recommended for Sixty Occupations." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3_suppl (December 1992): 1315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3f.1315.
Анотація:
Variation in retirement age ranges recommended by participants in Sample 1 for 60 different occupations was examined, while considering the risk associated with poor performance in each occupation. Age of retirement (measured as a range) recommended by undergraduate raters varied extensively across 60 occupations. Estimated risk associated with faulty or poor performance obtained from a second sample of raters for each occupation was then correlated with the ranges of retirement age recommended by raters in Sample 1. There was a significant negative relationship between the perceived risk associated with poor performance in an occupation and the range of retirement age recommended for that occupation.
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Novikova, Tamara A., Galina A. Bezrukova, Anna G. Migacheva, and Vladimir F. Spirin. "Occupational health risk management system for greenhouse vegetable growers." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 5 (June 15, 2021): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-5-457-463.
Анотація:
Introduction. Prevention of chronic general somatic diseases associated with exposure to harmful working conditions is one of the primary measures to preserve the health of the working population and labor resources of the Russian Federation. However, insufficient attention is paid to the management of occupational health risks of agricultural workers, including greenhouse vegetable growers. Materials and methods. Hygienic and epidemiological studies were carried out based on the methodology for assessing and managing occupational health risks. Results. A complex of harmful occupational factors, including high temperatures and humidity, harmful chemicals, including pesticides, plant dust, and the labor process’s severity simultaneously affect working greenhouse growers. Working conditions were assessed as harmful (classes 3.2-3.3) of occupational risk categories from medium to high. Direct statistically significant correlations were established between the length of occupational service and diseases of the respiratory system, circulatory system, musculoskeletal system, and connective tissue (respectively r = 0.58; r = 0.6; r = 0.35). A high degree of causal relationship with the work in harmful occupational conditions of arterial hypertension (RR = 2.805; EF = 64.35%; CI = 1.498-5.253), radiculopathy of the lumbosacral spine (RR = 2.290; EF = 56%; CI = 1.140- 4.599), an average degree of uterine fibroids (RR = 1.969; EF = 49%; CI = 0.988-3.926) and chronic bronchitis (RR = 1.532; EF = 34.7%; CI = 0.682-3.442), which allows classifying them as occupationally conditioned. The system of preventive measures to minimize occupational risks and prevent occupational diseases has been scientifically substantiated. Conclusion. Current working conditions of greenhouse vegetable growers are characterized by the impact of harmful occupational factors promoting occupationally caused diseases, which requires the implementation of a set of preventive measures based on a risk-oriented approach.
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Ras, Jaron, Denise L. Smith, Andre P. Kengne, Elpidoforos E. Soteriades, and Lloyd Leach. "Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Musculoskeletal Health, Physical Fitness, and Occupational Performance in Firefighters: A Narrative Review." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7346408.
Анотація:
Introduction. Firefighting is a strenuous occupation that requires firefighters to be in peak physical condition. However, many firefighters have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, impaired musculoskeletal health, and are not physically fit for duty, which all negatively impact their occupational performance. Therefore, the aim of this review is to determine the relationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors, musculoskeletal health, physical fitness, and occupational performance in firefighters. Methods. The electronic databases PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were searched online via the library portal of the University of the Western Cape. Publications and grey literature between the years 2000 to present were used. In total, 2607 articles were identified; after the removal of duplicates 1188 articles were then screened, and were excluded for not meeting initial screening criteria. The remaining 209 full-text articles were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, where 163 articles were excluded. Only studies that were quantitative were included. This left 46 articles that were then finally included in the current narrative review. Results. The current literature indicated that significant relationships existed between cardiovascular risk factors, musculoskeletal health, physical fitness, and occupational performance. The results indicated firefighters who were aged, obese, physically inactive, cigarette smokers, and unfit were at the highest risk for cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health complications, and unsatisfactory occupational performance. Musculoskeletal health complications significantly affected occupational performance and work ability and were related to physical fitness of firefighters. Most cardiovascular risk factors were related to physical fitness, and all physical fitness parameters were related to occupational performance in firefighters. Conclusion. The overwhelming evidence in the current review established that physical fitness is related to occupational performance. However, the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and musculoskeletal health in relation to occupational performance is less clear and still understudied. Significant gaps remain in the literature.
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Nikkilä, Rayan, Suvi Tolonen, Tuula Salo, Timo Carpén, Eero Pukkala, and Antti Mäkitie. "Occupational Etiology of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Literature Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 21 (November 3, 2023): 7020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20217020.
Анотація:
While abundant evidence exists linking alcohol, tobacco, and HPV infection to a carcinogenic impact on the oropharynx, the contribution of inhalational workplace hazards remains ill-defined. We aim to determine whether the literature reveals occupational environments at a higher-than-average risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and summarize the available data. To identify studies assessing the relationship between occupational exposure and risk of OPC, a search of the literature through the PubMed-NCBI database was carried out and, ultimately, 15 original articles meeting eligibility criteria were selected. Only original articles in English focusing on the association between occupational exposure and risk or death of specifically OPC were included. The available data are supportive of a potentially increased risk of OPC in waiters, cooks and stewards, artistic workers, poultry and meat workers, mechanics, and World Trade Center responders exposed to dust. However, the available literature on occupation-related OPC is limited. To identify occupational categories at risk, large cohorts with long follow-ups are needed. Identification of causal associations with occupation-related factors would require dose–response analyses adequately adjusted for confounders.
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ÖZCAN, Tuba Aydemir, Hakan ÖZCAN, and Hasan Serdar IŞIK. "Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Relationship Between Occupational Risk Factors and Nondominant Hand." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences 33, no. 2 (2013): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2012-29592.
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Joshi, Sunil Kumar, B. E. Moen, and M. Bratveit. "POSSIBLE OCCUPATIONAL LUNG CANCER IN NEPAL." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 42, no. 145 (January 1, 2003): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.709.
Анотація:
ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to describe the relationship between occupational exposures and thedevelopment of lung cancer among the patients attending Bhaktapur Cancer Care Center, Bhaktapur,Nepal. The study subjects consisted of 85 cases of lung cancer and a reference group of 40 cases of coloncancer. Demographic data and information about work history was obtained by a structured interview.Based on the occupational history, subjects were divided into exposed and non-exposed groups concerningcarcinogenic agents. Exposure prone occupations like agriculture, construction of buildings, construction ofroads and bridges, manufacturing, and transport were categorised as exposed occupations. Similarly,occupations like administrative services, business, student and housewives were categorised as non-exposed.Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression. Adjustmentsfor smoking habit, life long cigarette consumption (smoking pack year), alcohol habit, education level andage were done. The crude OR for the exposed workers was 5.59 (95% CI: 2.47,12.6). After adjustment forsmoking habit alone or for smoking habit, smoking pack year, alcohol habit, education level and age, theOR was 4.8 (95% CI: 2.02,11.4) and 4.2 (95% CI: 1.4,12.0), respectively.The study shows that for the exposed workers there was an increased risk of lung cancer. The risk wassignificantly increased also after adjusting for smoking habit, smoking pack year, alcohol habit, age andeducation level.Key Words: Lung Cancer, occupation, exposure, Nepal.
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Engel, Connie L., M. Sharima Rasanayagam, Janet M. Gray, and Jeanne Rizzo. "Work and Female Breast Cancer: The State of the Evidence, 2002–2017." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 28, no. 1 (April 16, 2018): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291118758460.
Анотація:
The authors undertook a scoping review to assess the literature from 2002 to 2017 on the relationship between occupation and female breast cancer. Case–control, cohort, and meta-analytic studies suggest that women working as flight attendants, in medical professions, some production positions, sales and retail, and scientific technical staff are likely to have elevated risk of breast cancer. In addition, occupational exposures to night-shift work, ionizing radiation, some chemicals, job stress, and sedentary work may increase risk of breast cancer. Occupational physical activity appears to decrease risk. Workplace exposures to passive smoke and occupational exposure to nonionizing radiation do not appear to affect breast cancer risk. Some studies of occupational categories and workplace exposures indicate that risk may be modified by duration of exposure, timing of exposure, dose, hormone-receptor subtypes, and menopausal status at diagnosis. The compelling data from this review reveal a substantial need for further research on occupation and breast cancer.
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Sajad, Qaisar, Ayub Musani, and Faheem Ahmed Khan. "Risk Factors Associated With Sino-Nasal Polyposis And Its Relationship With The Occupational Inhalants." Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College 09, no. 04 (September 3, 2019): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51985/jbumdc2018091.
Анотація:
Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with sino-nasal polyposis and its relationship with the exposure of occupational inhalants in patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Study design and Settings: Cross-sectional study conducted at department of otorhino-laryngology Karachi Medical & Dental College and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi for a period of two and a half years from October 2015 to April 2018. Methodology: Total number of patients included for this study were 221 patients with diagnosis of bilateral and multiple nasal polyposis with age greater than 10 years. Specifically, designed proforma was used for data collection specially in relation with occupation and exposure to different occupational inhalants and entered in SPSS version 23 for analysis. Results: There were 133 male and 88 female patient with a mean age was 36.16 ± 12.33 years. Mostly patients belonged to poor socio-economic status i.e. 133 (60.70%). Allergic rhinitis or nasal allergy was the most common risk factor present in 114 patients (51.6%) while aspirin hypersensitivity was the least common risk factor present in only 19 patients (8.5%). Most of the patients (76 or 34.4%) were related with one or the other form of agriculture and were exposed to different occupational inhalants like mud, pollens, animals and plants. Conclusions: Nasal allergy is the most common risk factor and occupational inhalant specially related with agriculture, poultry and pets are the common agents responsible for nasal polyposis in our local population.
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Kaihovaara, Antti, and Zhen Jie Im. "Jobs at risk? Task routineness, offshorability, and attitudes toward immigration." European Political Science Review 12, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773920000144.
Анотація:
AbstractIn this paper, we study the relationship between occupational vulnerability and attitudes toward immigration in Western Europe. We measure occupational vulnerability as the risk of unemployment due to routine-biased technological change and offshoring of jobs to other countries. Previous empirical studies in political economy have shown that individuals’ policy preferences echo their economic risks and prospects. Workers in low routine occupations are most worried about their job market prospects, most likely to demand social protection and least likely to support free trade. We find that attitudes toward immigration become considerably more negative as occupational task routineness increases. We do not find a similar association between occupational offshorability and immigration attitudes. Direct exposure to global competition is not associated with increased worries about immigration. However, offshorability seems to be associated with the polarization of attitudes toward immigration between routine and nonroutine workers.
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Plekhanov, Vladimir P., M. N. Kir’Yanova, N. M. Frolova, A. V. Redchenko, O. L. Markova, and E. V. Ivanova. "ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIOAL HEALTH RISK IN FERROALLOY PLANT." Hygiene and sanitation 96, no. 7 (March 27, 2019): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-7-682-685.
Анотація:
Findings of comprehensive assessment of occupational health risks in high-carbon ferrochrome production workers are reported. Groups of occupation- and employment duration related risk according to the general morbidity rate depending on the age and employment duration among smelters, blast-furnace keepers, cinder-men, batchers, crane operators, ferroalloy crashers, electrode operators and other smelter workers were identified. Hygienic studies covered the measurement of the following physical and chemical workplace factors: noise, whole-body and local vibration levels, electromagnetic fields and microclimate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, air speed, heat radiation intensity, environmental heat load index), artificial illumination, aerosol concentrations in workplace air and in neutral points of workrooms, average shift aerosol concentrations being calculated, and chemicals concentrations: calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferric iron oxide, chromic oxide, chromium anhydride, aluminium oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Time-keeping study to evaluate the hardness of the working process and intensity in main occupations was carried out. Our studies revealed working conditions of major smelter occupational groups to be were evaluated as harmful and dangerous: 3rd class, 2nd degree. Microclimate (heat radiation, low ambient air temperatures, noise and environmental dust pollution were reported to be the most unfavorable working conditions; the hardness of the working process heaviness of all major occupational groups were classified as 3rd class, 1st degree. Working conditions of control group workers unexposed to harmful occupational factors of smelter shop were estimated as allowable. Findings on the risk for the gain in the morbidity rate (annual gain in the risk) depending on age and employment duration for the period of 2007-2016 are reported. The direct statistically reliable relationship between the increased disease incidence on age and employment duration is revealed; annual gain in the disease incidence rate is shown.
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Stansfeld, S. A., C. Pike, S. McManus, J. Harris, P. Bebbington, T. Brugha, A. Hassiotis, et al. "Occupations, work characteristics and common mental disorder." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 5 (August 21, 2012): 961–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712001821.
Анотація:
BackgroundThe present study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) by occupation in a representative sample of the English adult population. Another aim was to examine whether the increased risk of CMD in some occupations could be explained by adverse work characteristics.MethodWe derived a sample of 3425 working-age respondents from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. Occupations were classified by Standard Occupational Classification group, and CMD measured by the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule. Job characteristics were measured by questionnaire, and tested as explanatory factors in associations of occupation and CMD.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, gender, housing tenure and marital status, caring personal service occupations had the greatest risk of CMD compared with all occupations (odds ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.16–2.58). The prevalence of adverse psychosocial work characteristics did not follow the pattern of CMD by occupation. Work characteristics did not explain the increased risk of CMDs associated with working in personal service occupations. Contrary to our hypotheses, adding work characteristics individually to the association of occupation and CMD tended to increase rather than decrease the odds for CMD.ConclusionsAs has been found by others, psychosocial work characteristics were associated with CMD. However, we found that in our English national dataset they could not explain the high rates of CMD in particular occupations. We suggest that selection into occupations may partly explain high CMD rates in certain occupations. Also, we did not measure emotional demands, and these may be important mediators of the relationship between occupation type and CMDs.
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Cattani, Lorenzo, and Roberto Rizza. "Occupational Gender Segregation and Mental Health among Professionals: Women’s Risk Exposure in Five Micro Classes." Social Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020092.
Анотація:
This study explores the intricate interplay between gender, occupation, and mental health using data from the 2020 EU-LFS ad hoc module on 38,066 female professionals in Western Europe. We examine their exposure to work-related risks impacting mental health, focusing on variables such as work overload, violence, and challenging client interactions. Our primary objective is to discern how various occupations contribute to distinct experiences of work-induced strains. Key findings challenge the compensating differential theory, according to which the lower wages in female-dominated occupations are compensated by more friendly working conditions, revealing that interactive service-sector jobs pose higher risks to mental well-being. Health professionals, legal-cultural professionals, and teachers are particularly susceptible, with shift and weekend work exacerbating risk exposure to violence and violent behaviors. This study underscores the significance of a “within-gender” perspective, uncovering nuanced occupation-based inequalities for women. It introduces a novel approach to occupational segregation, highlighting the uneven distribution of work-induced strains among different occupations. It also urges to reassess customer-worker relationships and proposes gender-specific measures to alleviate heightened risks to mental well-being for interactive service occupations. In conclusion, this study analyzes the intersection of gender, occupation, and work-induced strains, emphasizing the role of micro-classes in shaping women’s mental health.
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PUJOL, J., P. GODOY, N. SOLDEVILA, J. CASTILLA, F. GONZÁLEZ-CANDELAS, J. M. MAYORAL, J. ASTRAY, et al. "Social class based on occupation is associated with hospitalization for A(H1N1)pdm09 infection. Comparison between hospitalized and ambulatory cases." Epidemiology and Infection 144, no. 4 (August 14, 2015): 732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815001892.
Анотація:
SUMMARYThis study aimed to analyse the existence of an association between social class (categorized by type of occupation) and the occurrence of A(H1N1)pmd09 infection and hospitalization for two seasons (2009–2010 and 2010–2011). This multicentre study compared ambulatory A(H1N1)pmd09 confirmed cases with ambulatory controls to measure risk of infection, and with hospitalized A(H1N1)pmd09 confirmed cases to asses hospitalization risk. Study variables were: age, marital status, tobacco and alcohol use, pregnancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic respiratory failure, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic liver disease, body mass index >40, systemic corticosteroid treatment and influenza vaccination status. Occupation was registered literally and coded into manual and non-manual worker occupational social class groups. A conditional logistic regression analysis was performed. There were 720 hospitalized cases, 996 ambulatory cases and 1062 ambulatory controls included in the study. No relationship between occupational social class and A(H1N1)pmd09 infection was found [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0·97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·74–1·27], but an association (aOR 1·53, 95% CI 1·01–2·31) between occupational class and hospitalization for A(H1N1)pmd09 was observed. Influenza vaccination was a protective factor for A(H1N1)pmd09 infection (aOR 0·41, 95% CI 0·23–0·73) but not for hospitalization. We conclude that manual workers have the highest risk of hospitalization when infected by influenza than other occupations but they do not have a different probability of being infected by influenza.
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Ghasemi, Fakhradin, Kamran Gholamizadeh, Ramin Rahmani, and Amin Doosti-Irani. "Prevalence and severity of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms among Iranian butchers and their association with occupational risk factors: Implications for ergonomic interventions." Work 66, no. 4 (September 17, 2020): 817–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203227.
Анотація:
BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common disorder among occupations where upper extremities are actively involved in. Many occupational and non-occupational risk factors may contribute to this disorder. Knowledge regarding occupational risk factors can guide us to implement interventional programs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and severity of CTS symptoms among butchers and their association with several occupational and non-occupational risk factors. METHODS: In this study, 152 butchers in Hamadan, Iran, were examined. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ) was used to investigate the severity of CTS symptoms among the individuals. Several risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), wrist ratio, active working hours per day, working experience, and the ergonomic quality of hand tools used by butchers were also investigated. Statistical tests such as the crude and robust regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of moderate and mild symptoms of CTS were 7% and 54%, respectively. Moreover, 39% of the butchers were free of CTS symptoms. Crude regression analyses showed that the severity of CTS symptoms had a significant relationship with age, work experience, active working hours per day, working hours per week, and ergonomic quality of the hand tools (p value <0.05). There was no significant relationship between the severity of CTS symptoms and wrist ratio and BMI. Results of the robust regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the severity of CTS symptoms with experience, active working hours, and quality of the hand tools. CONCLUSION: Occupational risk factors such as working experience, active working hours per day, and the ergonomic quality of hand tools are significant risk factors of CTS symptoms among butchers. Slippery handle is the main non-ergonomic feature of knives and cleavers used by butchers. There was no association between BMI and wrist ratio with CTS symptoms.
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Wolf, Jennifer Moriatis, Aleksandra Turkiewicz, Isam Atroshi, and Martin Englund. "Occupational load as a risk factor for clinically relevant base of thumb osteoarthritis." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 77, no. 3 (January 20, 2020): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106184.
Анотація:
ObjectiveIt is postulated that increased load from pinch and grasp in occupational tasks increases the risk of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC1) osteoarthritis (OA). We sought to characterise the relationship between doctor-diagnosed CMC1 OA and occupation in a large working population.MethodsWe performed a matched case–control study using a Swedish healthcare register. We identified residents aged 30–65 years in 2013 with physician-diagnosed CMC1 OA from 1998 to 2013. We matched four controls per person with CMC1 OA by age, sex, education and postcode. Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations was used to assign occupation. Occupation was categorised as light, light–moderate, moderate and heavy labour. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsWe identified 3462 patients with CMC1 OA and matched 13 211 controls. The mean age of the CMC1 OA group was 63 (SD 7) years, with 81% women. The ORs for CMC1 OA in men were 1.31 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.79) for light–moderate, 1.76 (95% CI 1.29 to 2.40) for moderate and 2.00 (95% CI 1.59 to 2.51) for heavy compared with light work. Women had ORs for CMC1 OA of 1.46 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.61) for light–moderate, 1.27 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.46) for moderate and 1.31 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.59) for heavy compared with light work.ConclusionsThe association between increased manual load in occupation and risk of CMC1 OA is more pronounced in men than in women, likely due to higher workload in the heavy labour category.
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Matilla Santander, Nuria, Bianca Blazevska, Vladimir Carli, Gergö Hadlaczky, Anette Linnersjö, Theo Bodin, and Gun Johansson. "Relation between occupation, gender dominance in the occupation and workplace and suicide in Sweden: a longitudinal study." BMJ Open 12, no. 6 (June 2022): e060096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060096.
Анотація:
ObjectivesTo describe the association between occupations and suicide, and to explore the effect of gender dominance in the occupation and in the workplace on the risk of suicide.DesignRegister-based cohort study.Participants3 318 050 workers in Sweden in 2005 and followed up until 2010. Exclusion criteria for the study were: missing information in the occupational codes, yearly income of <100 Swedish krona, missing information of the employer, death or migration, and registered occupational code reported from more than 5 years ago.OutcomeSuicides occurring during 2006–2010 identified in the cause of death register by the International Classification of Diagnoses-10 codes X60–84 and Y10–34.ResultsOccupations with increased suicide were life science and health professionals (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.50 to 5.26) among women. In men, these were metal, machinery and related workers (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.05) and personal and protective service workers (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.22). In terms of gender dominance in the occupation, borderline associations with increased suicide risk were found for men in both male-dominated (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.79) and female-dominated (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.91) occupations. For women, borderline increased risk of suicide was found in female-dominated occupations (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.40). Finally, men showed a borderline increased risk of suicide in female-dominated workplaces (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.81).ConclusionsThis study found that women in the ‘life science and health professionals’ group and men in the ‘metal, machinery and related workers’ as well as ‘personal and protective service workers’ groups have increased incidence of suicide also when adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness of the employment relationship, spells of unemployment, previous mental disorders and suicide attempts. Moreover, gender dominance at workplace and occupation seems to be associated with the risk of suicide among men. The results of our study are novel and are worth exploring in future qualitative studies.
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Shan, Biaoan, Xiaoju Liu, Anwei Gu, and Runxuan Zhao. "The Effect of Occupational Health Risk Perception on Job Satisfaction." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 13, 2022): 2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042111.
Анотація:
This study explored the relationship between occupational health risk perception and job satisfaction. Based on the job demand-resources model and resource conservation theory, eight hypotheses were proposed in this study. In a survey of 237 production line workers and managers, we found that perceived occupational health risks significantly negatively affected job satisfaction. Both work stress and organizational commitment mediate the relationships between perceived occupational health risks and job satisfaction. We also examined whether safety culture could weaken the negative impact of perceived occupational health risks on job satisfaction. However, the results of our study did not support this hypothesis. This study not only helped managers to realize the hazards of occupational health risks, but also encouraged employees to actively participate in safety construction and pay attention to their own health. In addition, we also put forward some targeted intervention measures to reduce the negative impact of perceived occupational health risks on job satisfaction. Therefore, this study had certain practical implications.
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Mukadam, Munira, and Mahnoor Khursheed. "EFFECTS OF FREQUENT KNEE BENDING AND OCCUPATION RELATED RISK FACTORS WITH KNEE JOINT PATHOLOGIES – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 8, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.8.2/003.
Анотація:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Knee pathologies are one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments with high rate of prevalence of degenerative knee changes causing functional limitations and participation restriction. Number of occupational exposures has shown positive correlation to Knee OA, associated with varying occupations and their demands. DATABASES AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA The observational studies were searched on the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, PEDro and Cochrane Library from April to May 2019. It was ensured that all articles were full-text in English language whereas screening was executed on relevant titles and abstracts, evaluated on the basis of occupational hazards/risk factors and its impact on knee joint. RESULTS Number of studies represented varying occupational clusters that lead to certain risks factors according to demand. A positive relationship was indicated between age and Knee OA, along with squatting and knee pain that may results in elevated risk of disability and knee joint pathologies. CONCLUSION It was concluded that occupational exposures involved certain risk factors that may altered the knee joint function and increases the risk of Knee OA for future. KEYWORDS Knee Joint, Knee Injuries, Occupations, Risks, Health, Osteoarthritis.
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Fokin, Vladimir A., Dmitrii M. Shlyapnikov, and Svetlana V. Red’ko. "Risk assessment of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases connection to noise when exceeding maximum permissible levels." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 10 (February 18, 2019): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-17-19.
Анотація:
In accordance with the requirements of paragraph 3.2.6 of sanitary rules and norms «Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for physical factors at workplace», in the event of exceeding noise level at workplace above 80 dBA, an employer is obliged to assess the health risk of workers and confirm an acceptable risk to their health. The connection between the incidence of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases with noise exposure exceeding the maximum permissible levels (80 dBA) was estimated. The assessment was carried out at a food industry enterprise of Perm Region. Assessing the relationship between morbidity and noise exposure is the first step in evaluation of occupational health risks for workers exposed to noise exceeding MAL. If a reliable relationship between morbidity and noise exposure is established, an assessment of occupational risk is conducted. The odds ratio (OR) for diseases characterized by high blood pressure and disorders of autonomic nervous system was <1 (confidence interval CI=0.11–1.61 and CI=0.08–2.78, respectively). The relative risk (RR) for diseases characterized by high blood pressure and disorders of autonomic nervous system was <1. The received data testify absence of connection of morbidity with exposure to industrial noise, calculation of etiological share of responses and levels of risk is not required.
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IRWAN, Irwan, Nadirah Rasyid RIDHA, Deliyana I. KATILI, and Mar’atuljannah UNA. "Risk Factor Analysis of Occupational Diseases in Computer Users." International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science 4, no. 5 (September 30, 2023): 1295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v4i5.611.
Анотація:
Eye fatigue disorders often occur in workers who use computers to carry out their daily activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between long exposure and monitor distance with eye fatigue disorders in computer users. This type of research is quantitative with an analytical survey method that uses a cross-sectional design. The population is computer operator workers, totaling 36 employees. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. They collect data using a questionnaire—analysis of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables using the chi-square test. This study proves that long exposure (5-6 hours without rest) and working at a distance from a computer monitor (<50 cm) poses a danger of eye fatigue. The study results showed that 96.7% of respondents who worked at a distance of <50 cm from the monitor experienced eye fatigue. The chi-square test analysis showed a relationship between the length of exposure and eye fatigue (? = 0.008) and a relationship between monitor distance and eye fatigue (? = 0.001). It is suggested that employees arrange the working time and monitor distance ergonomically.
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Grebenkov, S. V., L. V. Dovgysha, E. B. Kolesova, Ya M. Sukhova, S. B. Fedorova, O. V. Shvalev та T. G. Shimanskaya. "АSSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL RISK DRIVERS OF SPECIALIZED VEHICLES". Hygiene and sanitation 96, № 4 (27 березня 2019): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-4-357-362.
Анотація:
Introduction. The problem of preservation of the health of drivers is a topical for most of countries. In the process of working, the mentioned group is exposed to a complex of harmful occupational factors, that both leads to an elevated increased risk for health disorders and increases the risk of road accidents. However, in available sources it was not possible to reveal reports devoted to the study of the impact of the labor conditions of drivers on various health indices on the base of the methodology of occupational risk assessment. The aim of the study is to assess the occupational risk for drivers of specialized vehicles on the basis of indices of pathological affection, calculated on the results of periodic medical examinations. Material and Methods. As a core group there were selected truck drivers (n = 1050), as a comparison group - engineering and technical personnel of the enterprise (n = 1220), matched by age and social indices. The assessment of the occupational morbidity rate was carried out on the base of the analysis of fourfold tables with the use of c2 criteria. The assessment of the degree of the occupational dependence was executed with the calculation of risk indices in accordance with the Guidelines for Risk Assessment. Results. In the course of the study there were obtained results showing drivers to suffer most frequently from diseases of eyes (65.4%), circulatory system (46.6%) and digestive system (11.6%). The main reason for the recognition of drivers as unfit to drive vehicles is hypertension at the II stage and above (71.1%). Also, there is noted an increased occupational risk in drivers for such diseases such as hypertension at the I stage (RR=2.2, CI95%=1.8-2.8, EF=54.5%, a high degree of the relationship with the work); encephalopathy of the vascular genesis (RR = 1.6, CI95%=1.1-2.4, EF = 37.5%), moderate degree of the relationship with the work in the age of older 60 years - is very high); dorsopathies at the lumbosacral level (RR=2.9, CI95%=1.6-5.3, EF=65.7%), a high degree of the relationship with the work at the age of over 50 is almost total); sensorineural hearing loss (RR=1.2, CI95%=0.7-2.0, EF=16.4%), a low degree of the relationship with the work over the age of older 60 years - moderate); hyperopia (RR=2.1, CI95%=1.7-2.5, EF=52.4%, a high degree of the relationship with the work), which determines the priority of preventive measures in relation to these diseases. The potential effect of the preventive measures is most pronounced for the circulatory system diseases in total (NNT = 13.6) and hypertensive disease at the I stage (NNT = 10.0).
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Hyvönen, Katriina, Johanna Rantanen, Mari Huhtala, Bettina S. Wiese, Asko Tolvanen, and Taru Feldt. "Conflicting personal goals: a risk to occupational well-being?" Journal of Managerial Psychology 30, no. 8 (November 9, 2015): 1034–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-04-2013-0105.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of goal conflict in the relationship between the contents of managers’ personal work goals and occupational well-being (burnout and work engagement). Eight goal categories (organization, competence, well-being, career-ending, progression, prestige, job change, and employment contract) described the contents of goals. Goal conflict reflected the degree to which a personal work goal was perceived to interfere with other life domains. Design/methodology/approach – The data were drawn from a study directed to Finnish managers in 2009 (n=806). General linear models were conducted to investigate the associations between goal content categories and occupational well-being and to test whether goal conflict moderates the relationship between goal content categories and occupational well-being. Findings – Career-ending goals related to significantly higher burnout than progression goals. Participants with organization, competence, or progression goals reported the highest goal conflict, whereas participants with well-being, career-ending, or job change goals reported lower goal conflict. Goal conflict was found to have a moderating role: in a high-goal conflict situation, participants with organizational, competence, and progression goals reported lower occupational well-being, whereas participants with job change goals reported higher occupational well-being. Originality/value – The research highlights that both the contents and appraisals (e.g. goal conflict) of personal work goals should be taken into account when investigating the relationship between personal goals and well-being at work.
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Liu, Kai, Min Mu, Kehong Fang, Yuanyuan Qian, Song Xue, Weijiang Hu, and Meng Ye. "Occupational exposure to silica and risk of heart disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis." BMJ Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): e029653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029653.
Анотація:
ObjectiveTo search for evidence of the relationship between occupational silica exposure and heart disease.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests a relationship between occupational silica exposure and heart disease; however, the link between them is less clear.Data sourcesPubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer and EMBASE were searched for articles published between 1 January 1995 and 20 June 2019. Articles that investigated the effects of occupational silica exposure on the risk of heart disease were considered.Study selectionWe included cohort studies, including prospective, retrospective and retroprospective studies.Data extraction and synthesisWe extracted data using a piloted data collection form and conducted random-effects meta-analysis and exposure-response analysis. The meta-relative risk (meta-RR), a measure of the average ratio of heart disease rates in those with and without silica exposure, was used as an inverse variance-weighted average of relative risks from the individual studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies was used for study quality assessment.Outcome measureWe calculated the risk of heart diseases such as pulmonary heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and others.ResultsTwenty cohort studies were included. The results suggest a significant increase in the risk of overall heart disease (meta-RR=1.08, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.13). Stronger evidence of association with pulmonary heart disease was found in the risk estimate of both categories of heart disease (meta-RR=1.24, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.43) and in the exposure-response analysis (meta-RR=1.39, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.62). Our subgroup analyses also revealed that the statistical heterogeneity among studies could be attributed mainly to the diversity in reference group, occupation and study quality score.ConclusionsSilica-exposed workers are at an increased risk for overall heart disease, especially pulmonary heart disease. Further research is needed to better clarify the relationship between occupational silica exposure and ischaemic heart disease.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019124673.
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Dally, Miranda, Jaime Butler-Dawson, Cecilia J. Sorensen, Mike Van Dyke, Katherine A. James, Lyndsay Krisher, Diana Jaramillo, and Lee S. Newman. "Wet Bulb Globe Temperature and Recorded Occupational Injury Rates among Sugarcane Harvesters in Southwest Guatemala." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 8195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218195.
Анотація:
As global temperatures continue to rise it is imperative to understand the adverse effects this will pose to workers laboring outdoors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between increases in wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and risk of occupational injury or dehydration among agricultural workers. We used data collected by an agribusiness in Southwest Guatemala over the course of four harvest seasons and Poisson generalized linear modelling for this analysis. Our analyses suggest a 3% increase in recorded injury risk with each degree increase in daily average WBGT above 30 °C (95% CI: −6%, 14%). Additionally, these data suggest that the relationship between WBGT and injury risk is non-linear with an additional 4% acceleration in risk for every degree increase in WBGT above 30 °C (95% CI: 0%, 8%). No relationship was found between daily average WBGT and risk of dehydration. Our results indicate that agricultural workers are at an increased risk of occupational injury in humid and hot environments and that businesses need to plan and adapt to increasing global temperatures by implementing and evaluating effective occupational safety and health programs to protect the health, safety, and well-being of their workers.
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Gustavsson, Katarzyna, Daria Smułek, and Adam Wichniak. "0153 Overcommitment to work impacts the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and insomnia differently for physicians and nurses." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A68—A69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0153.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction Occupational stress is a predictor of sleep problems. Recovery from it by detaching yourself from work-related issues outside of work hours is crucial for sleep health. Shift workers, especially in healthcare, are at a higher risk of sleep problems, which may lead to fatigue and errors at work, impacting patient care. The aim of the study was to 1) verify whether overcommitment to work is a moderator of the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia symptoms, and 2) check if this moderation is impacted by an individual’s occupation – whether overcommitment impacts the relationship of occupational stress and insomnia symptoms the same way for the two biggest occupational groups in healthcare in Poland - physicians and nurses. Methods Participants provided information on their occupation and filled in the Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire (ERI) with the Overcommitment (OC) scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Using the PROCESS macro for SPSS, we conducted a moderated regression analysis to test a multiple moderation (Model 3). Results We gathered responses from 281 participants – 178 physicians and 103 nurses. The interaction of ERI and OC was not significant, but a three-way interaction (ERI*OC*occupation) was significant in predicting ISI score. The relationship between ERI and ISI was moderated by OC depending on a respondent’s occupation. For physicians as OC increased the relationship between ERI and ISI increased as well. For nurses as OC increased the relationship between ERI and ISI decreased. Conclusion This study showed that stress at work has the strongest relationship with insomnia when physicians ruminate over work problems, are easily overwhelmed with time pressure and are unable to unwind in their free time. However, when nurses obtain high scores on an overcommitment measure, they will experience sleep problems regardless of the level of occupational stress. Support (if any) This work was supported by the National Science Center in Poland under Grant 2019/33/N/HS6/02572.
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Mocanu, Cristina-Manuela, and Diana-Teodora Axente. "Evaluation of occupational and non-occupational risk factors associated with carpal tunnel syndrome-related symptoms in office workers." Romanian Journal of Occupational Medicine 74, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjom-2023-0007.
Анотація:
Abstract Background : While the main occupational and non-occupational risk factors associated with carpal tunnel syndrome are known, we still need to understand which of these factors has a stronger correlation with carpal tunnel-related symptoms in office workers and to improve future work-space recommendations accordingly. Objective : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between occupational and non-occupational risk factors and carpal tunnel syndrome-related symptoms among office workers who use a computer in their dayto-day activities. Methods : The data used in this study were collected from May to September 2022 through an online questionnaire from one respondent to another through different forms of social media, using the snowball method. The recorded data were further analysed using an SPSS program. In this way, we analysed quantitative variables by calculating the means, the medians, the standard deviation and the normal distribution and qualitative variables by reporting them as absolute values and percentages of the total. We compared different subgroups of samples using the chi-square test and the binary regression method. A p-value of less than 0.05 was the threshold of statistical significance. Results : This study evaluated 130 office workers and identified and analysed the complex relationships between occupational and non-occupational risk factors of CTS and CTS symptoms grouped as pain, sensory function impairment and motor function impairment. Through data analysis and further logistic regression analysis, we concluded that while sensory function impairment is mostly associated with occupational factors such as computer typing with one hand, pain and motor function impairment are associated with both non-occupational, well-known risk factors (female sex, high BMI) and number of hours on the computer outside of work, and occupational risk factors like using both a mouse and an external keyboard, having a chair with adequate arm support and typing with one hand. Conclusion : Both occupational and non-occupational risk factors contribute to the development of CTS-related symptoms. Our dataset highlights the complex relationship between CTS occupational and non-occupational risk factors in office workers, thus providing insights for future workplace recommendations and preventive strategies.
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Ardhani, Adinda Novia, Noeroel Widajati, and Rika Ameiliawati. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OHS COMPLIANCE AND HOUSEKEEPING IMPLEMENTATION WITH OCCUPATIONAL INJURY RISK IN A CONSTRUCTION COMPANY." Journal of Vocational Health Studies 6, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jvhs.v6.i1.2022.56-62.
Анотація:
Background: Construction companies are one of the highest accident-prone fields. One of the efforts to protect the safety and health of construction workers is OHS compliance from the aspect of compliance in using PPE, following work instructions and implementing routine and periodic housekeeping. OHS compliance and housekeeping implementation to prevent the risk of work accidents. However, based on conditions in the field, many workers still do not comply with OHS and have not implemented housekeeping properly. Purpose: To determine the relationship between OHS compliance, housekeeping implementation, and occupational injury risk in a construction company. Method: This study was an observational study type using a cross-sectional approach. A total of 98 people were used in the sample for this study. Data analysis was performed using the phi test and contingency coefficient test. Result: There is a relationship (p=0,000) with a strong relation (phi=0.959) between OHS compliance and occupational injury risk, and there is a relationship (p=0,000) with a moderate level of relationship (r=0.583) between the housekeeping implementation levels and occupational injury risk for the construction company workers. Conclusion: There is a strong relation between OHS compliance and occupational injury risk and a relatively strong relation between housekeeping implementation levels and occupational injury risk in construction company workers.
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Strizhakov, L. A., M. V. Lebedeva, V. V. Fomin, and N. A. Muhin. "Occupational factors and a risk of cardiovascular diseases." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 88, no. 9 (September 15, 2016): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/terarkh2016889125-130.
Анотація:
The paper gives Russian and foreign authors’ data on a relationship between occupational factors and cardiovascular diseases. It considers the impact of psychosocial stress on the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular events in representatives of different professional groups.
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Hardwick, Peter J. "Occupational Agoraphobia." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 11, no. 7 (July 1987): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900017247.
Анотація:
Chance meetings in public between psychiatrists and their clients are not usually relished by either. At its least embarrassing, the encounter can pose to both parties the dilemma: Should we greet each other and risk revealing to the public our special, but stigmatised, relationship? Or, should we ignore one another and risk one (or both) of us feeling rejected? The more embarrassing encounters are well known in psychiatric covens and sometimes even revealed to outsiders in the course of ethanolic abreaction at intimate dinner parties. However, hitherto they have not found a place in conventional psychiatric literature, with its scientific emphasis and basic assumptions in the journals of smoothly flowing professionalism and the normality of the psychiatrist.
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Biglari, Hamed, Mohammad Ebrahimi, Maryam Salehi, Mohsen Poursadeghiyan, Iman Ahmadnezhad, and Milad Abbasi. "Relationship between occupational stress and cardiovascular diseases risk factors in drivers." International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 29, no. 6 (November 18, 2016): 895–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00125.
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DavasAksan, Asli, Raika Durusoy, Emin Bal, Murat Kayalar, Sait Ada, and Feride Aksu Tanık. "Risk factors for occupational hand injuries: Relationship between agency and finger." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 55, no. 5 (February 14, 2012): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22016.
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Sari, Monica Puspa. "Malaria Risk Factor at the Tabalong Cross-Bor-ders, South Kalimantan, Indonesia." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.2022102.
Анотація:
Background: This study aims to determine risk factors related to ma-laria incidence in Muara Uya and Jaro in Tabalong, South Kalimantan. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on communities. The research was conducted in November 2021. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed by Fisher exact using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software. Results: 59% of the 311 respondents were male. Most of the respond-ents were between the ages of 15 and 30 years (39%). The majority had a non-risky occupation. There were 5 (1.6%) positive malaria cases among 311 people. Plasmodium falciparum was the most common cause of infection (60%), followed by Plasmodiumvivax (20%) and mixed infections (20%). There was a significant relationship between the behaviour of staying in the forest and occupation with malaria incidence. The forest is bounded by malaria-endemic districts in East Kalimantan. According to the questionnaire, the respondent’s knowl-edge was quite good (55-67.5%). Despite the fact that community awareness was quite high, occupational factors contributed significantly to the spread of malaria. Conclusion: We discovered a role for cross-border transmission in the context of individual occupational risks. Optimisation of cross-border monitoring is required to help determine the dynamics of cross-border malaria in order to achieve accelerated malaria control and elimination. These findings imply that the epidemiology of imported malaria should be updated on a regular basis in order to review and refine malaria prevention strategies.
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Cordeiro, Ricardo. "Suggestion of an inverse relationship between perception of occupational risks and work-related injuries." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 18, no. 1 (February 2002): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2002000100005.
Анотація:
Worker perception of risk influences worker behavior and consequently exposure to risks. However, an inverse relationship between perception of occupational risks and work-related injuries has not yet been clearly established. A matched case-control was performed aiming to investigate possible differences in perception of occupational risks between workers who had suffered occupational injuries and those who had not. Cases were defined as all 93 workers from a large metallurgical factory in southeastern Brazil, who had suffered occupational injuries during the year 1996. Controls were 372 workers who had not suffered occupational injuries, matched on the basis of the factory sector and jobs performed. Assessment of occupational risk perception was performed by asking the workers to fill out a questionnaire consisting of questions on specific risks related to problems in work relations, work per se, and mode of production. The findings suggest that the degree of perception that workers with occupational injuries have of some occupational risks is lower than that of their non-injured coworkers.
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Sun, Yi, Annette Nold, Ulrich Glitsch, and Frank Bochmann. "Exposure–Response Relationship and Doubling Risk Doses—A Systematic Review of Occupational Workload and Osteoarthritis of the Hip." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 3681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193681.
Анотація:
In this review, we critically evaluated the evidence of exposure–response relationships between occupational workload and the risk of hip osteoarthritis. The existing evidence was evaluated in order for us to extrapolate possible doubling risk doses for hip osteoarthritis. Comprehensive searches for epidemiological studies of hip osteoarthritis and occupational workload were performed in literature databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Work and Google Scholar) and recent reviews up to February 2019. In total, 85 papers met the preliminary inclusion criteria, and 10 studies indicating an exposure-response relationship between occupational workload and hip osteoarthritis were identified. All studies were assessed on the basis of their study design, defined quality scores and relevant confounders considered. An exposure–response relationship between heavy lifting and the risk of hip osteoarthritis is consistently observed among the male populations but not among the female populations. We quantified the doubling risk doses in two studies in which both an exposure–response relationship and cumulative exposure doses were stated. These two studies provided the highest quality level of all studies published to date. The estimated doubling risk doses in these two studies lie between 14,761 and 18,550 tons (daily lifting 2.2–2.8 tons, 220 days/year for 30 years). These results can be used for workplace interventions to prevent hip osteoarthritis.
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Onosakponome, Evelyn Orevaoghene, Tamunonengiye-Ofori Lenox-Prince, Amalachukwu Okwukwe Ike, Clement Ugochukwu Nyenke, and Ibiso Bruce. "Association between Risk Factors and Occupational Hazards among Health Workers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medicine and Health 21, no. 12 (December 20, 2023): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12960.
Анотація:
Occupation is a labour routinely engaged in by individuals, often as a result of training, and for the purpose of making or earning a living. A hazard is something that could cause harm. The aim of this study was to study the association between risk factors and occupational hazards. A well-structured questionnaire was used for the collection of details from the respondents about their socio-demographic data, risk assessment data and hazard occurrence. The risk assessment data (risk factors) studied include: PPE provision, PPE usage, working at multiple facilities, working overtime, sleep adequacy, exercise, waste segregation, processing of biohazard specimen in closed chamber, disposal of biohazard according to set standard, and good work posture. These risk factors were studied based on physical, biological and chemical hazards. The result showed that out of 10 studied risk factors, only 8 had significant associations (p-values<0.5) with occupational hazards; working overtime, sleep adequacy were the two risk factors amongst the 8 that had significant association with all the studied occupational hazard (physical, biological and chemical hazards). PPE provision, working at multiple facilities, and waste segregation had significant association with two occupational hazards. While use of PPE, exercise and processing of specimen in closed chamber had significant associations with physical, biological and chemical hazards respectively. Disposing of biohazard according to set standard and good posture had no relationship (p-values>0.05) with occupational hazard. This study has shown occupational hazards may have varying or shared risk factors, therefore, care must be taken to ensure risk at work place is minimally reduced.
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Ceschi, Andrea, Arianna Costantini, Stephan Dickert, and Riccardo Sartori. "The Impact of Occupational Rewards on Risk Taking Among Managers." Journal of Personnel Psychology 16, no. 2 (June 2017): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000184.
Анотація:
Abstract. Managers often have to deal with the financial and ethical risks that companies face. Evidence from risk management research suggests a negative relationship between people’s age and risk taking tendencies. Within such a framework, the present contribution examines how different perceived occupational rewards may mediate or interact with the relationship between age and risk taking of managers at the company level. Our results show that perceived rewards in terms of job security partially mediate the relationship between age and ethical risk taking, while perceived rewards related to job promotion moderate the effect of age on financial risk taking. We further discuss the role of different organizational strategies to preserve an organization’s health.
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Carey, Renee N., and Sonia El-Zaemey. "Lifestyle and occupational factors associated with participation in breast mammography screening among Western Australian women." Journal of Medical Screening 27, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969141319878747.
Анотація:
Objectives Various lifestyle and occupational factors have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, but there is limited research investigating the relationship between these factors and participation in breast cancer screening. This study explores the associations between lifestyle and occupational factors and participation in breast mammography screening among women living in Western Australia. Methods This study involved 1705 women aged 40 and older who participated as controls in the Breast Cancer Environment and Employment Study conducted in Western Australia. Self-reported questionnaire data were collected on participation in mammography screening, demographic factors, and lifestyle and occupational variables (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, use of contraceptive pill and hormone replacement therapy, breastfeeding, occupation, and participation in shift work). Multivariate modified Poisson regression was used to identify variables associated with ever participation in breast mammography screening. Results Just over 88% of women reported having ever had a mammogram. Likelihood of having ever had a mammogram was higher among women who had ever used hormone replacement therapy (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07). Women who worked in clerical occupations (aPR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.11) or home duties (aPR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.11) were also more likely to report having ever had a mammogram compared with those in professional or technical occupations. Conclusions Participation in mammography screening was found to differ by lifestyle and occupational factors. These results have important implications for public health strategies on improving screening participation.
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Gómez-García, Antonio Ramón, Cecilia Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarría, Christian Arturo Arias-Ulloa, and César Eduardo Espinoza-Samaniego. "Salaried Workers’ Self-Perceived Health and Psychosocial Risk in Guayaquil, Ecuador." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 9099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239099.
Анотація:
Self-perceived health is an important indicator of occupational health. This research explored the relationship between poor self-perceived health and exposure to psychosocial risk factors, taking into account potential socio-demographic, occupational, and employment determinants. Using data from the First Survey of Occupational Safety and Health Conditions, covering 1049 salaried workers in Guayaquil, Ecuador, descriptive and stratified binary logistic regression analyses (odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals) were carried out. A significant relationship was found between exposure to psychosocial risk factors and the probability of presenting poor self-perceived health by socio-demographic, occupational, and employment characteristics. Occupational exposure factors to psychosocial risks were predictors of self-perceived ill health and were related to the variables analyzed; the most frequently expressed factors among the respondents were cognitive demands (DCOG) and job insecurity (IL). The results have implications in terms of designing effective workplace interventions pursuant to ensuring the health and well-being of employees.
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Craig, Brian N., Jerome J. Congleton, Carter J. Kerk, Alfred A. Amendola, William G. Gaines, and Omer C. Jenkins. "A Prospective Field Study of the Relationship of Potential Occupational Risk Factors with Occupational Injury/Illness." AIHA Journal 64, no. 3 (May 2003): 376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15428110308984830.
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Osei, Ernest, Faiza Nuru, and Michael Moore. "ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION DOSES OF MEDICAL RADIATION WORKERS IN TWO COMMUNITY HOSPITALS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 192, no. 1 (October 2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa190.
Анотація:
Abstract The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends the adoption of the linear, no-threshold model as a predictive risk model for radiation protection purposes since the relationship between low-dose radiation exposure and cancer risk is unclear. Medical radiation workers are subject to occupational exposures and differences in workload, area of work and types of exposure can lead to variations in exposures between different occupational groups. We investigated the occupational exposures of 572 workers from four departments in two community hospitals and stratified into 22 occupational groups in order to identify groups with the highest radiation exposure. The occupational doses from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed to identify the dose distribution of each occupational group, total number of monitored workers, annual and collective deep (Hp(10)), eye (Hp(3)) and shallow (Hp(0.07)) doses. We further determined the individual and occupational group lifetime doses as well as the probability that monitored workers’ lifetime doses will exceed a specified lifetime dose level. The occupational groups with the highest radiation exposures were the nuclear medicine technologists, diagnostic imaging radiologists and diagnostic cardiologists. Although our data suggest that occupational doses reported are low, it is essential that exposure of occupationally exposed personnel are always kept as low as reasonably achievable with an effective radiation protection program.
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Sofa Rofiqoh Al fajri and Noeroel Widajati S.KM. "The relationship between noise pollution and blood pressure: A study on field workers at unit plan chemical industry company." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 1835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.1293.
Анотація:
Workers chemical companies employed at these facilities are exposed to inherent occupatioanl health hazards, including occupational noise. Noise was considered disruptive because its presence was unwanted. The production process was one of the main sources of noise pollution that could disrupt health. Noise exceeding the Threshold Limit Value would cause abnormal blood pressure, as occupational noise was a risk factor for hypertension. This study aimed to identify the relationship between noise pollution and blood pressure. This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was obtained using proportional random sampling technique, comprising 95 samples from a population of 128. Of the 95 participants (median age <40 years;87,4%), 20%(19/95) had abnormal blood preassure, used PPE (60%) and 32,6%(31/64) wereexposed to high noise. The results of this study revealed a significant relationship with abnormal blood pressure experienced by Unit Plan field workers (p=0.019). Based on the research, it was found that high noise intensity coupled with not using PPE could increase the risk of abnormal blood pressure in workers.
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Green, Brett J., and Donald H. Beezhold. "Industrial Fungal Enzymes: An Occupational Allergen Perspective." Journal of Allergy 2011 (June 21, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/682574.
Анотація:
Occupational exposure to high-molecular-weight allergens is a risk factor for the development and pathogenesis of IgE-mediated respiratory disease. In some occupational environments, workers are at an increased risk of exposure to fungal enzymes used in industrial production. Fungal enzymes have been associated with adverse health effects in the work place, in particular in baking occupations. Exposure-response relationships have been demonstrated, and atopic workers directly handling fungal enzymes are at an increased risk for IgE-mediated disease and occupational asthma. The utilization of new and emerging fungal enzymes in industrial production will present new occupational exposures. The production of antibody-based immunoassays is necessary for the assessment of occupational exposure and the development of threshold limit values. Allergen avoidance strategies including personal protective equipment, engineering controls, protein encapsulation, and reduction of airborne enzyme concentrations are required to mitigate occupational exposure to fungal enzymes.
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Vlakh, Nadezhda I., Igor P. Danilov, Natalya A. Evseeva, Dina V. Pestereva, Nataliya Ya Paneva, and Tatyana D. Logunova. "Burnout syndrome and risk factors for the development of cardiovascular pathology in coal industry workers suffering from occupational diseases." Hygiene and sanitation 102, no. 4 (May 29, 2023): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-4-356-361.
Анотація:
Introduction. Emotional burnout is a condition common among workers in “helping” occupations. The syndrome of emotional burnout among workers of the main occupations of the coal industry has not been studied enough, especially in terms of its relationship with such indicators of mental health as personal, situational anxiety and alexithymia. The relationship between emotional burnout syndrome and risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases has not been sufficiently studied.
The purpose of the study to investigate the relationship of emotional burnout syndrome with the level of personal, situational anxiety and alexithymia, and the frequency of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as smoking, overweight, arterial hypertension and low physical activity in coal industry workers with occupational diseases.
Materials and methods. Two hundred seventy-two coal miners with occupational diseases (dust lung pathology, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, vibration disease) were examined using questionnaires by V.V. Boyko, Spielberger-Khanin, and Toronto Alexithymia Scale. According to the survey, the frequency of smoking and low physical activity was determined, the frequency of arterial hypertension and overweight was identified by the results of a clinical examination.
Results. The prevalence of emotional burnout syndrome was 27.9%. A higher frequency of personal anxiety (61.1%), situational anxiety (57.1%) and alexithymia (94.7%) was revealed in emotional burnout syndrome. The frequency of smoking, arterial hypertension tended to increase with emotional burnout, the frequency of overweight, and low physical activity did not differ.
Limitations. The study was limited to a sample of 272 coal miners with occupational diseases, examined using questionnaires by V.V. Boyko, Spielberger-Khanin, and Toronto Alexithymia Scale.
Conclusions. Emotional burnout syndrome is associated with the development of personal and situational anxiety, alexithymia and may be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Matrat, Mireille, Loredana Radoï, Joëlle Févotte, Florence Guida, Sylvie Cénée, Diane Cyr, Marie Sanchez, et al. "Occupational exposure to wood dust and risk of lung cancer: the ICARE study." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, no. 12 (September 19, 2019): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-105802.
Анотація:
ObjectivesIn a previous analysis of data from a French population-based case–control study (the Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers (ICARE) study), ‘having ever worked’ in wood-related occupations was associated with excess lung cancer risk after adjusting for smoking but not for occupational factors. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between lung cancer risk and wood dust exposure after adjusting for occupational exposures.MethodsData were obtained from 2276 cases and 2780 controls on smoking habits and lifelong occupational history, using a standardised questionnaire with a job-specific questionnaire for wood dust exposure. Logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% CIs adjusted for age, area of residence, tobacco smoking, the number of job periods and exposure to silica, asbestos and diesel motor exhaust (DME).ResultsNo significant association was found between lung cancer and wood dust exposure after adjustment for smoking, asbestos, silica and DME exposures. The risk of lung cancer was slightly increased among those who were exposed to wood dust more than 10 years, and had over 40 years since the first exposure.ConclusionOur findings do not provide a strong support to the hypothesis that wood dust exposure is a risk factor for lung cancer. This study showed the importance of taking into account smoking and occupational coexposures in studies on lung cancer and wood dust exposure. Further studies evaluating the level and frequency of exposure during various tasks in woodwork are needed.
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Novikova, Tamara A., Galina A. Bezrukova, Natalya А. Kochetova, Anna G. Migacheva, Yulia A. Aleshinа, and Svetlana V. Raikova. "Occupational risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases in bearing production workers." HEALTH CARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 67, no. 6 (December 23, 2023): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0044-197x-2023-67-6-562-569.
Анотація:
Introduction. Prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases, maintaining health and prolonging the occupational longevity of the working population is the most important strategic direction of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of public health
The purpose. Stratification of the occupational risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases among workers in the production of bearings for the subsequent development of specialized targeted programs for the prevention of health disorders.
Material and methods. An assessment of the occupational risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases among workers in the production of bearings is given on the basis of complex studies of production factors, primary and general chronic morbidity using the methodology for assessing occupational health risk.
Results. It has been established that the development of chronic non-infectious diseases in bearing production workers is determined by a complex of harmful (classes 3.2–3.4) factors of the working environment of various nature, which form an occupational health risk in categories from medium to very high. In the structure of the general chronic non-infectious morbidity of workers, diseases of the eye and its adnexa (24.4%), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (20.7%), diseases of the circulatory system (19.32%) and diseases of the endocrine system had the highest prevalence in systems of eating disorders and metabolic disorders — 15.1%. A causal relationship of varying severity with the work of the most common nosological forms of chronic was revealed as arterial hypertension (RR = 1.425; EF = 29.837%; C = 1.044–1.945), obesity (RR = 1.731; EF = 42.24%; CI = 1.219–2.459), presbyopia (RR = 2.443; EF = 59.071%; CI = 1.549–3.855), indicating their occupational conditioning.
Limitations. The limitation of the study was the assessment of the occupational risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases in one occupational cohort of workers.
Conclusion. The development of specialized programs for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases among workers should include the study of causal aspects of health disorders and the rationale for measures to minimize the impact of occupational risk factors for occupationally determined pathology.
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Welton, Michael, Ye Shen, Mark Ebell, David DeJoy, and Sara Wagner Robb. "Construction employment mortality among Mexican immigrants in the South Eastern United States, 2003-2013." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 16, no. 4 (September 24, 2020): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-08-2018-0055.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate occupational and non-occupational mortality among Mexican immigrants in the South Eastern United States. The construction industry has the highest burden of occupational fatalities in the USA of all industries, and foreign-born Hispanic workers are disproportionately affected. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from 3,093 death certificates maintained by the Consulate General of Mexico in Atlanta, Georgia. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were used to compare occupational-related deaths among construction industry occupations, and logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between manners of death not related to occupation and employment in the construction industry. Findings The proportion of Mexican immigrants who died from occupational injuries is higher among all construction workers (SMR = 1.31), roofers (SMR = 2.32) and carpenters (SMR = 2.25) than other workers. Among the population in this analysis suicide [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.63] and death from natural causes (aOR = 0.70) were inversely related to work in the construction industry. Research limitations/implications Interventions to reduce occupational fatalities among Mexican migrant construction workers should target roofers and carpenters. Future research should further investigate the industry’s association with suicide and natural death. Originality/value This is one of the first analyzes that investigated associations between construction industry employment and non-occupational fatalities among immigrants. The analysis provides evidence that a large portion of the Mexican immigrant population is used in the construction industry (38%) and face elevated risks for occupational fatalities and the results of this investigation should encourage greater surveillance of occupational illness and injury among foreign-born immigrants who work in construction, as well as other high-risk industries.