Дисертації з теми "Regulation of food intake"
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Klockars, Anica. "Non-caloric regulation of food intake." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-223809.
Van, der Velde Peter. "Regulation of gastric emptying and food intake." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ47918.pdf.
Beale, Kylie Emma Louise. "Central regulation of food intake and reproduction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7096.
Wardle, Frances Jane. "Dietary restraint and the regulation of food intake." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396815.
Zhang, Jin. "Central cannabinoid regulation of food intake in chickens." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33707.
Master of Science
Williamson, Patricia S. "Regulation of food intake in zinc-deficient rats /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025663.
Jarvandi, Soghra. "Learning processes in food intake." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111915.
Wang, Jinxin. "Mechanisms of hypothalamic regulation of food intake in birds." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83485.
Ph. D.
Appetite regulation is important for survival across all vertebrate species and the hypothalamus is the regulatory center for control of feeding behavior. Thus, studying the functions of the hypothalamus on appetite regulation provide novel insight into the eating disorders, such as obesity and anorexia, a worldwide health issue. Also, such information is relevant for improving productivity in the modern chicken industry. The objective of this dissertation research was to determine the hypothalamic mechanisms underlying appetite regulation in birds. In Experiment 1, the Virginia lines of chickens were used to elucidate the mechanisms underlying stress-induced anorexia. These chickens have been selected for low (LWS) or high (HWS) body weight at 56 days of age and have different severities of anorexia and obesity, respectively. Chicks were subjected to a combination of thermal and nutritional stress after hatch. The results suggested the two lines displayed distinct appetite-associated gene expression profiles in response to stress in the hypothalamus. In particular, stress-induced anorexia in the LWS may result from potent feeding-inhibitory factor corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Thus, in Experiments 2 and 3, we attempted to determine the mechanisms of CRF's inhibitory effect on food intake in chickens and Japanese quail. We administered CRF by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection and the hypothalamus was collected 1 hour later for molecular analyses. Results showed that CRF exerted a similar inhibitory effect on food intake in these two bird species. However, the inhibitory effect of CRF was primarily associated with a dampened neuropeptide Y (NPY) system which is a potent stimulatory factor for feeding behavior in chickens, whereas it may involve activated CRF and melanocortin systems in quail. In Experiments 4 and 5, we used the same experimental design as for CRF studies to determine the hypothalamic mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of neuropeptide K (NPK) and adrenomedullin (AM) in Japanese quail. Results from Experiment 4 showed that the feeding-inhibitory effect of NPK was associated with a group of increased feeding-inhibitory factors such as CRF and cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and decreased feeding-stimulatory factors, such as NPY and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) in the hypothalamus. In Experiment 5, AM increased gene expression of CART and proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Overall, these experiments suggested the roles of the hypothalamus in stress or exogenous neuropeptide-induced anorexia in birds and may provide insights on understanding appetite regulation from evolutionary, agricultural, and biomedical perspectives.
Lacy, Michael Pennington. "Peripheral regulation of food intake in the domestic fowl." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52301.
Ph. D.
Tan, Tricia. "Regulation of metabolism and food intake by enteropancreatic hormones." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/23367.
Brandt, Karsten. "Fat metabolism and the control of food intake." Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-2648-X.htm.
Smeets, Astrid Jose Pierre Gertrude. "Triggers for food intake regulation sensory and metabolic effects of specific food components /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=11858.
PROULX, KARINE. "NOVEL FUEL SENSING MECHANISMS IN THE REGULATION OF FOOD INTAKE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1155823274.
Nilsson, Ida. "Hypothalamic regulation of food intake - focus on the anx/anx mouse." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-840-2/.
Batterham, Rachel Louise. "The role of peptide YY in the regulation of food intake." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409261.
Yi, Jiaqing. "Hypothalamic Regulation of Food Intake in Obese and Anorexic Avian Models." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71349.
Ph. D.
Skewes, Peter Alan. "Central control of food intake in the domestic fowl." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71260.
Ph. D.
Jackson, H. C. "The effects of opioids on central regulation of food and water intake." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374735.
Bandstein, Marcus. "The role of genetics in regulation of weight loss and food intake." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Funktionell farmakologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297729.
Greenwood, Hannah Catherine. "The role of specific amino acids in the regulation of food intake." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/15173.
Tabrett, Simon John. "Voluntary food intake regulation in the black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon Fabricius /." [St Lucia, Qld.], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16209.pdf.
Irvine, Paul Andrew. "Food structural and sensory factors in the regulation of appetite and food intake - the role of food volume and food gas." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529568.
Broberger, Christian. "Neuropeptide circuitries regulating food and water intake /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3625-0/.
Kaneko, Kentaro. "Studies on novel mechanisms of food-derived peptides regulating food intake." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/175052.
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第17623号
農博第1985号
新制||農||1010(附属図書館)
学位論文||H25||N4744(農学部図書室)
30389
京都大学大学院農学研究科食品生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 金本 龍平, 教授 河田 照雄, 教授 谷 史人
学位規則第4条第1項該当
King, Jonathan William. "Aspects of the regulation of food intake in the dab, Limanda limanda (L.)." Thesis, Bangor University, 2000. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/aspects-of-the-regulation-of-food-intake-in-the-dab-limanda-limanda-l(9cc4009a-ef09-4e60-8827-0a990e4049ff).html.
Taylor, Jason James. "The role of hypothalamic neuropeptides in the regulation of food intake and body weight." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/MQ53124.pdf.
McQUADE, JOHN-ANDREWS MORRISON. "THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE DOPAMINE-3 RECEPTOR IN THE REGULATION AND REWARD OF FOOD INTAKE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1036087659.
Meade, Sharonda Madrica. "Role of Histamine, and Its Interaction With Corticotropin Releasing Factor and Bombesin in Food Intake Regulation of Chickens." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33600.
Experiment 1 examined the effects of intracereboventricular (ICV) injections of histamine (HA) and two HA antagonists, the H1 receptor antagonist chloropheneramine maleate (CM) and H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine (CIM), on food and water consumption and body temperature. Histamine was infused using 0, 25, 50, and 100 µg per 10 µl of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). Histamine significantly decreased food and water consumption (P< 0.05) over the three hour observation period in a dose-dependent manner. Histamine was then infused to observe if the decrease in water intake was dependent upon the decrease in food intake. Birds were not allowed access to feed during this experiment. Water intake was not affected by HA in either SCWL or broilers when food was not available. To observe the effects of HA on thermoregulation, HA was infused using the same dosages and body temperature recorded for three hours. Histamine produced hypothermia at a dose of 25 µg in SCWL cockerels, with a quadratic trend at 165 and 180 min. Broiler cockerels did not show hypothermia, but rather a constant hyperthermia compared to the control with a quadratic trend throughout the latter part of the experiment. The last phase of the first set of experiments, birds were pretreated with either CM or CIM (100 µg/10 µl aCSF) followed by HA. When the birds were pretreated with either CM or CIM, the hypophagic responses to HA were attenuated. The pair of experiments that utilized H1 and H2 receptors demonstrated that these receptors are involved in the neural regulation of food intake. These experiments also demonstrated that the aphagic effects of HA on food intake can be blocked with the pretreatment of antihistaminics affecting both H1 and H2 receptors.
In Experiment 2, studies were conducted to determine if neuronal CRF elicited its effects on feeding through the release of HA. Birds were infused with 0 or 20 µg CRF and either 0 or 100 µg of CM or CIM. CRF decreased food and water intake in both SCWL and broiler cockerels. When birds were pretreated with CM, the hypophagic responses to CRF were attenuated. When birds were pretreated with CIM, the hypophagic responses of CRF were attenuated in broiler cockerels; this response was not seen in SCWL cockerels. Water intake followed a similar pattern. It was concluded that, contrary to studies showing that HA causes the release of CRF in other species, CRF may cause the release of HA in chickens.
Experiment 3 was designed to investigate whether bombesin (BM) elicited its effects on feeding through the release of CRF. Birds were infused with either, 0 or 0.5 µg BM, 0 or 5 µg aCRF (9-41) (CRF antagonist), or a combination of both. These compounds were infused to test whether the effects of BM could be blocked with the pretreatment of anticorticotropics. Food and water consumption were significantly decreased (P< 0.05) with the infusion of BM in both SCWL and broiler cockerels. Food intake was not affected with the infusion of aCRF in SCWL or broilers cockerels. However, water consumption was increased when birds were given ICV injections of aCRF. When birds were pretreated with aCRF, the anorexigenic and adipsic effects of BM were attenuated. It was concluded that BM elicits its effects on feeding through the release of CRF. These results also demonstrate that the aphagic effects of BM could be blocked with the pretreatment of anticorticotropics.
Master of Science
Åkerberg, Helena. "Functional Studies of the Neuropeptide Y System : Receptor-Ligand Interaction and Regulation of Food Intake." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9533.
Došliková, Barbora. "The role of pro-opiomelanocortin neurons in the regulation of food intake and body weight." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707961.
Price, Matthew Edward. "The role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the regulation of food intake in rats." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271385.
Richardson, Ralph D. "Regulation of food intake and body weight in the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9105.
Piccinetti, Chiara Carla. "Appetite control: study of pathways involved in food intake and metabolism regulation in teleost fish." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/241892.
Feeding is a motivated behavior essential to survival, growth and reproduction of each organism. The physiological control of appetite and satiety in animals is regulated by a complex system of central and peripheral signals, involving a balance of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that interact reciprocally to stimulate or inhibit feeding behavior. Mechanisms regulating feeding processes allow to the maintenance of energy metabolism, reached through a meticulously interconnected circuitry between central nervous system, particularly hypothalamic arcuate nuclei, and peripheral organs (gastro-intestinal tract, adipose tissue, liver). Furthermore, the physiological mechanisms that control energy balance are reciprocally linked to those that control reproduction, it is difficult, in fact, to understand the physiology of energy balance without understanding its link to reproductive success. In addition to the various controls mentioned above, the mechanisms that tend to maintain energy intake (food intake) and energy expenditure in balance is highly dependent on environmental factors. Among different environmental synchronizers, the alternation of light and dark (circadian rhythm) is probably the main factor controlling animal behavior, and melatonin is the hormonal mediator of these rhythms. It is well known that a multitude of factors can influence this precise mechanism. Genetic, nutritional and environmental factors are known to impact hunger and satiety as well as basal metabolic rate and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism. In particular, endocrine disrupters are known as molecules that can interfere with endocrine signaling miming sex hormones and endogenous steroids. The scientific community is increasingly convinced that the augment of eating disorders and disease in aspects of reproductive endocrinology and health is due to xenobiotic chemicals exposure. Alongside studies obtained on mammals, a growing number of researches on appetite control are focusing now on lower vertebrates, especially fish. This is due, in one hand, to their now recognized value as experimental model for this kind of studies. Fish, such as the zebrafish Danio rerio, are useful tools because, in a small scale, they allow to understand the intricate mechanism controlling food intake. In the other hand, considering the increasing importance of aquaculture activities in the last decades, most of the studies aim to the understanding of appetite regulation to improve productivity and quality in fish farm. The present PhD thesis focuses on mechanisms regulating food intake and energy metabolism in fish, in particular, using two different species (Danio rerio and Sparus aurata) this work is aimed at the understanding of neuroanatomical circuits involved on appetite control and at the highlighting of possible relationships between these mechanisms and external cues, with particular attention to photoperiod and endocrine disrupters. In the first part of the thesis, using zebrafish as experimental model, it was assessed the role of melatonin, through 10 days via water administration (doses 100nM and 1 micron), in regulating appetite and metabolism at central (brain) and peripheral level (liver, gastrointestinal tract, gonad and muscle). The main signals involved in appetite regulation (NPY, LPT, CB1, MC4R, Ghrelin) growth (IGF-1), lipid metabolism (PPARs, SREBP) and reproduction (LPT, Ghrelin, Cox2a) were analyzed for the first time all together by Real Time PCR. Western blot technique was used to analyze CB1 protein; FTIR for the evaluation of metabolic resources distribution (lipids, carbohydrates and proteins). Finally, fecundity, in the gonads, was evaluated by counting ovulate eggs. The results here obtained showed a clear role of melatonin in the pathways that regulate appetite, metabolism and reproduction. Melatonin significantly reduces food intake and the reduction is in agreement with the changes observed at molecular level. A significant increase in genes codifying for molecules involved in feeding inhibition and a significant reduction in the major orexigenic signals including ghrelin, NPY and CB1 are here showed. In the liver and intestine melatonin inhibited the signals that stimulate appetite, lipid metabolism and growth. In the muscle it was observed a decrease in lipid component. In addition, analyses on the melatonin role on reproductive pathways showed a clear involvement of this hormone on fecundity, in terms of eggs produced and molecules analyzed. Taken together these data, demonstrate the key role played by melatonin in the regulation of the energy balance, considering its interaction with all the molecules analyzed. In particular, this hormone appears to regulate energy consumption and acquisition on the basis of the metabolic resources available, thereby promoting reproduction and inhibiting feeding. Once highlighted processes regulating food intake and homeostasis in zebrafish, we shifted to the second experimental model the seabream Sparus aurata. Despite the great importance that this species is in aquaculture, no studies on the mechanisms that regulate appetite had never been done before. This species was chosen to analyze the role of the endocannabinoid system in appetite regulation at central (brain) and peripheral (liver) and to verify any relationship of this system with the powerful enhancer of appetite: NPY. The effect of different doses of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) (0,1; 1; 10 µM), administered via water, was evaluated after different exposure times (30, 60 and 120’) at both physiological and molecular levels. Moreover, in order to assess the direct effect of AEA, AM251 (AEA antagonist) was administered 30’ before AEA. By Real-time PCR CB1 and NPY were analyzed in the brain, while by Western blot, CB1 protein was analyzed in brain and liver. The results obtained showed that the endocannabinoid system plays a key role in regulating appetite. At the physiological level in fact, food intake increased significantly, this result was confirmed at molecular level by the increase of NPY and CB1in gene expression. Moreover, the effect of the AEA was specific and direct, in fact AM251 reduced all the effects induced by AEA. Data obtained demonstrated for the first time in sea bream, a strong connection between CB1 and NPY in appetite regulation. In the last part of thesis, it was evaluated the effect of endocrine disrupters on appetite and energy balance regulation. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 0.02, 0.2 and 2 mg / L dietylexilphthalate (DEHP) and to assess the estrogen effect of the compound, ethinyl estradiol was also administered. Signals involved in appetite regulation (ORX, LPT, CB1) were analyzed in the brain while in the liver key signals of lipid metabolism (CB1, SREBP and PPARα) were evaluated. The results here shown demonstrated that DEHP is able to deeply affect all signals of appetite control and fat metabolism axes. Physiologically, a significant decrease in food intake is observable, confirmed at the central level, by the reduction of gene expression of orexigenic factors and up regulation of anorexigenic ones. In the liver, there is a stimulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Moreover, the impressive response of all the signals analyzed to DEHP lowest dose indicates that brain and liver are very sensitive target organs for DEHP action. The findings here reported not only provide to the current scientific literature an important contribution in the understanding of appetite control mechanism but could be interesting tools in widespread diseases and disorders linked to appetite and metabolism imbalances. Moreover, these data, although preliminary, help to expand knowledge about the mechanisms that regulate food intake in one of the most important species in European aquaculture.
Hope, Perdita Jane. "Regulation of food intake, body fat stores and energy balance in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata." Title page, contents and summary only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh7908.pdf.
Zhang, Wei. "Neurological - Molecular Interface in Food Intake and Metabolism in Birds and Mammals." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64416.
Ph. D.
Xu, Pingwen. "Involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase in differential regulation of appetite between lines of chickens selected for low or high juvenile body weight." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37680.
Ph. D.
Cohen, Mark Adrian. "An investigation of the role of gastrointestinal hormones in the regulation of appetite and food intake." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424515.
Tadross, John Alphonse. "The role of augurin in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and the regulation of food intake." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9057.
Plamondon, Hélène. "Physiological role of bombesin-like peptides in the regulation of food intake: Ontogenic profile and mechanisms of action." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9579.
Adam, Sibylle. "The role of restrained eating, its subcomponents and disinhibition of control in children’s self-regulation of food intake." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.729417.
Barrera, Jason G. "The Role of Central Nervous System Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in the Regulation of Energy Balance." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258741489.
Long, Samantha Jane. "Investigation of the physiological mechanisms regulating appetite and food intake in humans." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844593/.
Jacquier, Marine. "Mathematical modeling of the hormonal regulation of food intake and body weight : applications to caloric restriction and leptin resistance." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1027/document.
The regulation of food intake and energy expenditure usually limits important loss or gain of body weight. Hormones (leptin, ghrelin, insulin) and nutrients (glucose, triglycerides) are among the main regulators of food intake. Leptin is also involved in leptin resistance, often associated with obesity and characterized by a reduced efficacy to regulate food intake. Mathematical models describing the dynamics of body weight have been used to assist clinical weight loss interventions or to study an experimentally inaccessible phenomenon, such as starvation experiments in humans. Modeling of the effect of hormones on body weight has however been largely ignored.In this thesis, we first consider a model of body weight regulation by hormones in rats, made of nonlinear differential equations. It describes the dynamics of food intake, body weight and energy expenditure, regulated by leptin, ghrelin and glucose. It is able to reproduce and predict the evolution of body weight and food intake in rats submitted to different patterns of caloric restriction, showing the importance of the adaptation of energy expenditure. Second, we introduce the first model of leptin resistance development, based on the regulation of food intake by leptin and leptin receptors. We show that healthy individuals may become leptin resistant and obese due to perturbations in food intake or leptin concentration. Finally, modifications of these models are presented, characterized by simplified yet realistic body weight dynamics. The models prove able to fit the previous, as well as new sets of experimental data and allow to build a complete model combining both previous models regulatory mechanisms
Tung, Loraine Yi-Chun. "Cross talk between peripheral and central signals regulating energy balance and food intake." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619903.
Glas, Alexandra Christine Leny [Verfasser]. "Toward Healthy Snack Choices : The Impact of Self-Regulation and Financial Incentives on Consumers’ Food Intake / Alexandra Christine Leny Glas." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1069050520/34.
Matzinger, Daniel Andreas. "The role of fat in regulating food intake in humans : potential mechanisms of action /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13303.
Inuzuka, Megumi. "C-type Natriuretic Peptide as a New Regulator of Food Intake and Energy Expenditure." Kyoto University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/126777.
Collin, Maria. "Brain control of energy balance : localization and regulation of proteins involved in the central control of food intake and body weight /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-818-1/.
Kim, Eun Ran. "Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin." Elsevier, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006.
Seth, Asha. "The role of galanin-like peptide in the hypothalamic control of food intake and the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary axes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407414.