Дисертації з теми "Régions côtières"
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Ducroz, François. "Étude de la composition chimique de la basse atmosphère des régions côtières antarctiques." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10042.
Повний текст джерелаNiang, Ndeye Astou. "Dynamique socio-environnementale et développement local des régions côtières du Sénégal : l'exemple de la pêche artisanale." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561298.
Повний текст джерелаPsychoyos, Olga. "Milieu naturel et sites archéologiques dans les régions côtières de la mer Egée, au néolithique et à l'âge du bronze (déplacements de la ligne de rivage et fluctuations de l'implantation humaine)." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010654.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to show the importance of some variations in the natural environment of the coastal regions of the aegean during the neolithic and the bronze age, that is from 6000 to 1000 bc. In the first part are exposed the main factors of the morphological evolution of the coastal regions and their consequences : the movements of the shoreline. This exposure is followed by a few morphological studies in the concerned regions. We concluded this part by stating some steps identified in the evolution of the natural environment. In the second part we describe about a hundred archaeological sites in the attempt to point out their physical surrounding and to define for each one the periods of settlement and the succession of cultural groups. In the third part we are dealing with the synthesis of the data. As far as the natural environment is concerned firstly the data proving variations gathered in the description of the archaeological sites are confronted with the results acquired in the first part. This process has brought out steps in the evolution of the natural environment in the frame of the aegean chronology. Thus in the ancient neolithic the sea-level would have been about 6 m lower than today and up to the end of the bronze age there would have been two major oscillations. Concerning the human settlement the synthesis of the archaeological data has allowed us to bring out general discontinuities in the human occupation and to observe in the cultural sequences phases of retraction and isolation or of diffusion and expansion. By comparing the results we have noticed a chronological relationship between the fluctuations of the natural environment and those of the human settlement. To conclude our study we have tried to find in what way the suggested changes in the natural environment have interracted upon the settlement
Dejeant-Pons, Maguelonne. "Les zones côtières en droit international de l'environnement : actions pour la mise en valeur des zones côtières méditerranéennes." Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON10012.
Повний текст джерелаJomaa, Fatima. "Précipitations sur le sud de la France : caractérisation, source et impacts sur le cycle hydrologique régional." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALU025.
Повний текст джерелаThe Mediterranean region stands out as a potential ’hotspot’ in climate science which signifies a region where the impacts of climate change are expected to be particularly significant. In Mediterranean region there is intricate interplay between the ocean atmosphere and land, coupled with distinct morphological features. This strong coupling refers to the interactions among the Mediterranean Sea, the atmosphere, and the surrounding land, influencing specific local climate dynamics. In our study, we focused on the Southern part of France located in the northwestern Mediterranean region. Due to these special geographical features and the complex interactions between ocean and atmospheric processes at different spatial and temporal scales, the climate and especially the hydroclimate of the Southern part of France exhibits intricate spatial and temporal characteristics and their variability. There is a lack of understanding of local hydrological processes, which requires a high-resolution comprehensive analysis of all hydrological cycle components in this region. In our work, we will focus on the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle in the Gulf of Lion and we will consider precipitation, moisture transport, and surface hydrological processes such as runoff and soil moisture.The aim of this PhD research can be summarized in three main questions addressing the complexities of the hydrological cycle over southern France:1. What are the strengths and weaknesses of various type of datasets in capturing the precipitation variability and its extremes over southern France ?To answer this question, we investigated the accuracy and reliability of all available data sources for this region in representing the actual climatic conditions, providing insights into their applicability for hydrological studies in the Mediterranean region. Results of this analysis are presenting in Chapter 2.2. What are the sources of moisture transport contributing to precipitation and extreme weather events in southern France ?To answer this question, we analyzed the moisture transport in this region. Additionally, we investigated the moisture transport for the conditions of extreme precipitation events. To explores the mechanisms driving of moisture transport we performed clustering analysis of corresponding weather patterns. Results are presenting in Chapter 3.3. How do variability and trends in precipitation impact soil moisture and continental runoff in southern France ?To answer this question, we analyzed the interactions between precipitation patterns and terrestrial components of the hydrological cycle, such as soil moisture and runoff. Reasulate are presenting in Chapter 4.The structure of this thesis is organized as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the data sources utilized in this study, discussing their respective limitations. It also details the methodologies employed to evaluate these datasets and to investigate the sources of moisture affecting this region. Chapter 2 focuses on the examination of precipitation characteristics within the region. It assesses various precipitation datasets to understand their reliability and accuracy in capturing the area’s precipitation dynamics. Chapter 3 is dedicated to analyzing long-term moisture transport patterns. This chapter aims to elucidate the mechanisms behind moisture movement into the region. Chapter 4 delves into the analysis of runoff and soil moisture, exploring their relationship with precipitation. It examines how precipitation influences soil moisture and runoff, contributing to the broader understanding of the regional hydrological cycle
Bouchard, David, and David Bouchard. "Dynamiques d'occupation côtière et valorisation de l'environnement : la néoruralité et le tourisme au Kamouraska." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27531.
Повний текст джерелаCe mémoire porte sur la place qu’occupe la nature au Kamouraska dans un contexte d’essor des activités écotouristiques et des processus migratoires. Il est fondé sur une approche d’écologie politique, permettant l’analyse des discours et des pratiques liés à la nature. Il vise à comprendre la construction sociale de la nature au Kamouraska, en s’intéressant à la parole et aux usages des acteurs, ainsi qu’aux enjeux soulevés par la transformation de la place qu’occupe la nature dans la région. Ce mémoire démontre comment les activités écotouristiques et l’embourgeoisement du territoire kamouraskois s’appuient sur une marchandisation de la nature, qui se voit valorisée en fonction de critères d’authenticité et de qualité visuelle. De même, il permet de démontrer que les transformations démographiques que connaît la région ont un impact direct sur les enjeux d’accès au territoire, le développement de nouvelles initiatives économiques et la perception que les habitants ont de leur environnement.
This master’s thesis is about the place of nature in the Kamouraska County, Québec, in a context of booming ecotourist activity and higher rural migration. It is based on an approach of political ecology, which allows the analysis of discourses and actions bound to nature. Its goal is to comprehend the social construction of nature in the Kamouraska County by analyzing the discourses and actions of local actors and the impacts of the transformation of nature’s definition in the area. This master’s thesis explores how ecotourist activity and gentrification of the Kamouraska County are leading to a new commodification of nature, which is valued by its authenticity and beauty. Likewise, it leads to a demonstration of how the demographic changes affecting the area are having a direct impact on issues of land accessibility, the development of new economic activities, and the way locals are seeing and thinking about their environment.
This master’s thesis is about the place of nature in the Kamouraska County, Québec, in a context of booming ecotourist activity and higher rural migration. It is based on an approach of political ecology, which allows the analysis of discourses and actions bound to nature. Its goal is to comprehend the social construction of nature in the Kamouraska County by analyzing the discourses and actions of local actors and the impacts of the transformation of nature’s definition in the area. This master’s thesis explores how ecotourist activity and gentrification of the Kamouraska County are leading to a new commodification of nature, which is valued by its authenticity and beauty. Likewise, it leads to a demonstration of how the demographic changes affecting the area are having a direct impact on issues of land accessibility, the development of new economic activities, and the way locals are seeing and thinking about their environment.
Halloum, Sinan. "Economie touristique et capital social : une étude de l'offre dans la région côtière syrienne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAE005/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes a multidimensional analysis of the effect of social capital on the tourism sector dynamics at the territorial level. The objective of this work is to question the capacity of local actors to mobilize their stocks of social capital in a dynamic of development of the tourism offer based on local resources. For this we use the theoretical framework of social capital theory as well as the territorial economy, in order to illuminate new perspectives on the potential of tourism development based on local resources. This framework is applied to the understanding of the links between social capital and the tourist offer in a seaside resort of the Syrian coastal region. To enable us to see the role of social capital in the dynamics of the local tourism offer in the studied seaside resort, we proceed with the development of an indicator of '' the effect of social capital on the tourist offer ''. We also present a study of a network of actors from the resort engaged in the same activity. In this study we discern how norms and principles such as reciprocity or reputation affect the activity of actors.Different levels of conclusions can be drawn from our work: on the role of social capital in the transformation of the local economy; or on the importance of the family in financing tourism projects; or on the deficiency of institutional capital
Balanche, Fabrice. "Les Alaouites, l'espace et le pouvoir dans la région côtière syrienne : une intégration nationale ambiguë." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011981.
Повний текст джерелаGraco, Michelle Ivette. "Sédiments d'une région de résurgence côtière dans le système de Humboldt : source ou puits d'azote ?" Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066413.
Повний текст джерелаTessier, Caroline. "Caractérisation et dynamique des turbidités en zone côtière : l'exemple de la région marine Bretagne Sud." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13307.
Повний текст джерелаAoun, Sebaiti Badra. "Gestion optimisée des ressources en eau d’une nappe côtière : application à la plaine d’Annaba (Nord-est Algérien)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10075/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe region of Annaba, situated in the North East of Algeria, contains in its underground water resources that represent a significant enough interest to feed people, water for agriculture and industry. This site is currently undergoing a gradual anthropogenic pressure becomes worrisome. Indeed, the continuous operation of the water has caused deterioration of water quality and negatively influenced the hydrodynamic equilibrium of the aquifer. It has also ensured the emergence of salt wedges even threatening in the short term and exploitation of the water and the proper functioning of wetlands.Based on the analytical results obtained for series of samples of more or less regular intervals, performed on the main measurement networks, we tried to identify key factors influencing the evolution of the physico-chemical water and delineate the advancing salt wedge. In this research, simulation models have proved to be very powerful tools to understand the hydrodynamic functioning of aquifers in the region of Annaba, situated north east of Algeria, taking into account the heterogeneity of environments. They have also highlighted a vulnerability of aquifers in coastal areas where there is inflow of the sea and stream chloride concentration large enough. The negative impacts on groundwater and ecosystems can become catastrophic if nothing is done to curb the problem.Models based on artificial neural networks have emerged as a powerful way to develop predictive relations between the different indicators of the management of water resources in the region. In this context of strong demand for water, only an integrated approach offers the possibility to manage these resources while respecting the natural environment, citizens' interests and those of economic actors. The research meets this need for integration, since the location and evaluation of groundwater resources, to protect their quality, but while evaluating the potential adverse effects. In this research, a new model of integrated management of water has been developed based on the relation of cause and effect addressing the entire cycle of water. Hydrological variables were developed and classified into five categories which are socio-economic constraints of pollution, water quality, impact of human activity and management of urban space and agriculture. The relevant variables were characterized using artificial neural networks, risk assessment on human health and the expert opinion. It has been demonstrated that a combination of practical measures necessary to ensure the sustainable management of water
Marjoua, Ahmed. "Approche géochimique et modélisation hydrodynamqiue de l'aquifère de la Chaouia côtière (Maroc) : origines de la salinisation des eaux." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066387.
Повний текст джерелаEtty, Claude Aubert. "Détection des insectes par radar Doppler polarimétrique : application à l'étude d'une zone côtière." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30194.
Повний текст джерелаRouault, Sesilina. "Déglaciation et évolution côtière holocène de la région de Coral Harbour, Sud-Est de l'Île de Southampton, Nunavut." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24226/24226.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSparfel, Lénaïg. "Étude des changements d'occupation des sols dans la zone côtière à partir de données hétérogènes : application au Pays de Brest." Brest, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00636846v2.
Повний текст джерелаLand use and land cover changes are a major concern for science, because of their impacts on global environmental change. However land use and land changes in coastal areas and their consequences at a local scale are not often studied. But coastal areas. But human pressure on worldwide coasts increase and lead to major changes of coastal land cover. The major aim of this thesis was to produce relevant information on land cover changes in the coastal area of the Pays de Brest, Brittany (France) between 1977 and 2003. The implemented methodology merge heterogenous data. It is based on an object-oriented classification approach for the identification of land cover types from a 10m SPOT 5 image and a photo-interpreted national GIS layer (IPLI-1 977). The result of the object-oriented classification is a three levels description of the 2003 study area’s land cover. The combination of both IPLI and SPOT 5 classification layers describe the main land cover changes between 1977 et 2003. The most significant increase was in the built-up areas, near the town of Brest and the coasts in particular. We also notice the increase of fallow land
Sylla, Diogone. "Fusion de données provenant de différents capteurs satellitaires pour le suivi de la qualité de l'eau en zones côtières. Application au littoral de la région PACA." Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0013/document.
Повний текст джерелаMonitoring coastal areas requires both a good spatial resolution, good spectral resolution associated with agood signal to noise ratio and finally a good temporal resolution to visualize rapid changes in water color.Available now, and even those planed soon, sensors do not provide both a good spatial, spectral ANDtemporal resolution. In this study, we are interested in the image fusion of two future sensors which are bothpart of the Copernicus program of the European Space Agency: MSI on Sentinel-2 and OLCI on Sentinel-3.Such as MSI and OLCI do not provide image yet, it was necessary to simulate them. We then used thehyperspectral imager HICO and we then proposed three methods: an adaptation of the method ARSIS fusionof multispectral images (ARSIS), a fusion method based on the non-negative factorization tensors (Tensor)and a fusion method based on the inversion de matrices (Inversion).These three methods were first evaluated using statistical parameters between images obtained by fusionand the "perfect" image as well as the estimation results of biophysical parameters obtained by minimizingthe radiative transfer model in water
Giuliano, Jérémy. "Érosion des falaises de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur : évolution et origine de la morphologie côtière en Méditerranée : télédétection, géochronologie, géomorphologie." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4126/document.
Повний текст джерелаIncreasing interest in studying rocky cliff coastline morphogenesis allowed a better understanding of meso/macrotidal environments, but let microtidal environments apart. Thus we propose studying the dynamic of cliff coastlines erosion in Mediterranean in the South-East of France, through a multi-scale explorative approach. This doctoral work was supported by the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, which identified a problematic in relation with coastal hazard management. The main objectives aim at characterizing on one hand how the temporal variability of meteorologic and climatic forcings affects the magnitude of erosion, and on other hand to which extent the geological setting controls the coastline morphology. The great challenge of this work therefore consists in optimizing the observation range in order discriminate erosive behaviours. Thus we propose assessing the contribution of four methods in determining whether erosion takes place (1) continuously at annual scale (boat-borne laser scanning surveys), (2) chronic at secular scale (aerial orthophographies)and (3) exceptional even (4) catastrophic over the characteristic timescales of Holocene and Quaternary (cosmic ray exposure dating from in-situ 36Cl and morphometric analysis). The interpretation of the results shows that erosion rate observed through the XXth century (order of magnitude of cm.y-1) is very low compared to meso/macrotidal environments. However at timescales ranging from pluri-secular (0.29 ka BP) to pluri-millenar (6.8 ka BP), exceptional storms surges of +3 NGF could initiate an erosion process resulting in the formation of horizontal shore platforms
Ṭayara, Zubayda. "Etude hydro-pluviométrique comparative des bassins versants de la région côtière intermédiaire du Liban (le Damour, l'Awali-Bisri, le Saï̈niq et le Zahrani)." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10127.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is in assessment of the daily, monthly and annual water resources available over a period oftime randing between 8 and 21 years in the catchment areas of the damour, the awali-bisri, the sainiq and the zahrani (lebanon). The working of these essentially limestone catchments show great similarities because of the rainfall regime aval of the hydrodynamic caracteristics of superficial deposits. The statistical analysis of dischages and precipitations series : as well as the study of the variables that make up the river regime (i-e mean annual flow, seasonal irregularity and specific dischrges) throw light on the connection between flow and precipitation. This study also tries to rechon the variabilities of enter (liquid precipitation). The water storage capacity and the surface transfers : upstream, streamflow as well as stormflow
Marquez, Lencina Avila Jannine. "Comparaison de l’état de l’acidification des océans entre deux régions de l’océan Austral." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0017.
Повний текст джерелаThe intensification of the greenhouse effect due to increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations could be higher if not for the ocean’s important role as a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . A consequence of the ocean’s capacity for buffering CO 2 is the ocean acidification of sea surface waters. The Southern Ocean is particularly vulnerable to these consequences due to its low temperatures and high seasonal primary productivity. The present Ph.D. thesis focus on the analysis of the carbonate system, particularly the ocean acidification state, in the Gerlache Strait and the polar zone off the Adelie Land region. These two regions present different hydrodynamics and, consequently, are expected to present differences in their carbonate system variability. Using data sets from the Brazilian NAUTILUS programme and the French MINERVE programme, the carbonate system dynamic was assessed in these regions from 2015 to 2017. The results are presented as scientific articles, which were assembled to structure this thesis. The Gerlache Strait showed the largest spatial variations of carbonate system properties with potentially acidic conditions during austral summer. In comparison, the polar zone off Adelie Land larger inter-annual and spatial variations associated with frontal zones. Due to its geographical and hydrodynamic conditions, the Gerlache Strait is currently more vulnerable to ocean acidification than the off Adelie Landregion
Ernoul, Lisa. "Entre Camargue et Delta de Gediz : réflexions sur les transferts de modèles de gestion intégrée des zones côtières." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3065.
Повний текст джерелаParticipatory integrated management gained international recognition in Europe with integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) approaches. The movement has spread beyond the European borders and includes the entire Mediterranean basin with the ICZM Protocol under the Barcelona Convention. This research raises the question on the application of standardized environmental management models in distinct geopolitical and socio-cultural contexts. The overall objective of this analysis is to improve the implementation and impact of conservation projects through an improved understanding of social, cultural and geographical dimensions. This research analyzes the complexity of socio-cultural perceptions and dynamics of environmental governance within and between sites (the Rhone delta, France and the Gediz delta, Turkey). Base lines were established for political and administrative contexts, ecological states and socio-cultural perspectives to analyze the similarities and differences. Ninety three qualitative and quantitative interviews were conducted using a purposive sampling methodology. The potential application of integrated participatory management was studied through the lenses of social networks, environmental discourses, and environmental values and perceptions with a geo-governance approach. Using each of these views, we demonstrated that participation is considered, sought and implemented in distinct ways in each site. These differences support the dominant theme of this work: environmental strategies must be adapted to suit site specific contexts. The results are a reminder that we should not overlook local contexts if we want to promote institutional effectiveness
Sallemi, Racha. "Stratégies spatiales et gestion de la biodiversité marine : le cas de l'Aire Marine Protégée et Côtière des îles Kuriat en Tunisie." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MNHN0027.
Повний текст джерелаThe perspective of the creation of an MPA in islands Kuriat off the bay of Monastir raises many questionings as for consequences of such an action at the level of the territory. This thesis develops question settings across the study of relations between the anchoring of the coastal populations to the sea and ways of resistance of the local actors facing such plan. Two research dimensions are explored: a historical analysis of the process of territorial development and settlement through fishing activity and an identification of spatial strategies in marine environment by the proposal of a typology of the munastirian-fisheries. Space-stake having been gradually built, this research explores the adaptability of this space with regard to the recent tendencies towards the coastal development of economic activities and in conflicts of “sea-use” led by this one. By the yardstick of political changes led by revolution in Tunisia, this research tries therefore to reconsider the tool “MPA” in a local context characterized by a controversy in matters of the mechanisms of territorial and environmental governance and by an analysis of the evolution of approaches in conservation of the marine and insular protected areas
Ritschard, Lucille. "Représentations spatiales et Processus de Gestion Intégrées des Zones Côtières (GIZC) : application à deux territoires côtiers bretons." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis investigates the usages of spatial representations (maps, simulations, 3D representations…) described in the literature as essential to any process of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The aim is to understand how spatial representations contribute to implementing and organising ICZM processes at a local scale.An ethnographic methodology is implemented in two case studies in France (Brest and Lorient) in order to observe spatial representations in concrete and tangible situations of uses. Circumstances, goals and uses conditions are analysed as well as interactions that they induce with stakeholders, contributing (or not) to move on the process to a next step. We used the actor network’s theory to analysed a corpus made of 15 non-participating observatories, 24 semi-structured interviews with the stakeholders and 300 documents (reports, slides show…) including 115 spatial representations.The results show that the ICZM’s stakeholders use only a few potentialities offered by the Geographic Information Technologies. Furthermore, spatial representation’s uses are mainly intended to construct and stabilise the actor’s network rather than to organise the territory as generally described in the literature.Finally, the spatial representation’s status (inscriptions, intermediary objects, actants) vary slightly. Indeed, spatial representations are mainly used as intermediary objects, helping stakeholders to collaborate
Pecqueur, David. "Rôle des protozoo-et virioplancton dans le contrôle des bactérioplancton et phytoplancton en zone côtière Méditerranéenne." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20149.
Повний текст джерелаThe aims of this thesis work were to shed new lights on the functioning of the microbial food web (MFW) in the Thau coastal lagoon through a “global approach” that permit us to study simultaneously the entire MFW components (21 groups) from viruses to microzooplankton. Growth and mortality of microorganisms were studied experimentally along seasons and during a mesocosm experiment. We particularly focus on mortality due to microzooplankton (<200µm) grazing and viral lysis. Responses of the different components of the MFW under a typical Mediterranean forcing, flash flood, was also studied during an in situ monitoring and a mesocosm experiment in the Thau Lagoon.In conclusion, it appears that heterotrophic bacteria show the highest growth rates (until 2.18 day-1). Growth rates of pico- and nanophytolankton groups were always lower than 1.5 day-1. The major cause of mortality of the different group studied, reaching on average 90%, was due to the predation by the microzooplankton. Mortality due to viral lysis appeared to be a “sporadic processes”, less important than microzooplankton grazing indeed. In addition, the observed grazing rates or bacterivory were close to growth rates of microorganisms, suggesting an efficient trophic transfer of the microbial biomass towards higher trophic levels.River flash flood; an important forcing in the Mediterranean coastal zone; triggered on a short time scale, a decrease in growth and grazing rates of microorganisms whereas viral lysis was enhanced. However, the important dynamics of this studied MFW allowed the rapid reestablishment of growth and grazing rates, indicating a strong resilience capability of this system
Rivera, Valle Silvia. "Contribution à la conception d´un modèle de politique publique de développement durable pour les zones côtières pauvres : le cas de la région du Sinaloa (Mexique) et du rôle des coopératives de pêcheurs artisanaux traditionnels." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROD001/document.
Повний текст джерелаFishing, an ancestral activity, contributes to the livelihoods of 10 to 12% of the world's population. Artisanal fisheries generate more than half of the world's catches and provide 90% of the corresponding jobs. In Mexico, it provides employment to over 350,000 fishers, organized mainly in cooperatives. In Sinaloa, the location of the fieldwork, artisanal fisher’s cooperatives have gradually sunk into a crisis that threatens their survival. They are subject to mutually reinforcing endogenous and exogenous challenges. Public policies related to artisanal fisheries that favour the preservation of the environment do not contribute to lifting poverty out of coastal populations. The thesis hypothesizes that poverty exit requires public policies that rely on artisanal fisher's cooperatives and that integrate the three pillars of sustainable development : the environment, the economy and the human rights. On the basis of an in-depth and multidisciplinary case study, the research proposes tools and avenues for action based on an ad hoc model for strengthening cooperatives. In particular, it proposes a tool for diagnosing them, and the following conclusions have been reached : 1) their economic, social and environmental role justifies their perpetuity 2) this perpetuity is the responsibility of both, the cooperatives and other stakeholders 3) environmental public policies must not only integrate the economic and sociocultural dimensions of artisanal fisheries but must also establish legal means to ensure their effectiveness
Bari, Driss. "Etude du brouillard en zone côtière par modélisation des processus physiques de la couche limite atmosphérique : cas du Grand Casablanca (Maroc)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30316/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe prediction of fog remains a challenge due to its time and space variability and to the complex interaction between the numerous physical processes influencing its life cycle. During the first stage of this thesis, the local meteorological and synoptic characteristics of fog occurrence over the Grand Casablanca region (Morocco) are investigated. To achieve this, hourly surface meteorological observations, at two synoptic stations of this coastal region, are used. An objective fog-type classification has been developed in this work and used to discriminate the fog events into the well known types. This fog climatology points out that the fog is often localized and that it is predominantly of advection-radiation type, followed by fog resulting from cloud base lowering and radiation fog. Besides, two different fog types can occur when fog simultaneously concerns the two stations. The advective processes associated with sea breeze circulation during the daylight, followed by the radiative processes often leads to fog formation over this coastal region. Numerical simulations are performed later using the meso-scale non-hydrostatic model Meso-NH. These simulations confirm that the physical processes, governing the life cycle of fog, can be different according to the physiographic features of the area. Moreover, the numerical prediction of coastal fog over heterogeneous area is very sensitive to sea surface temperature, land local topography and land cover. It also depends on the model's ability to reproduce the sea breeze circulation during the daylight followed by the radiative processes early in the night. The systematic numerical simulations of the fog events that occurred during the winter 2013-2014 indicate the Meso-NH's ability to well capture the fog occurrence with a relatively high false alarm rate, particularly over the coastal station
Rochette, Julien. "LE TRAITEMENT JURIDIQUE D'UNE SINGULARITÉ TERRITORIALE : LA ZONE CÔTIÈRE. ÉTUDE EN DROIT INTERNATIONAL ET DROIT COMPARÉ FRANCO ITALIEN." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00172410.
Повний текст джерелаCapanni, Romain. "Étude et gestion intégrée des transferts sédimentaires dans le système Gapeau/rade d'Hyères." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10187/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Var beaches have been gradually reduced during the second half of the twentieth century and they survive mostly thanks to costly artificial recharge. In this context, the response of the environment and the risk intensity depend primarily on the sedimentary support provided by the coastal rivers. This study looks to quantify the role of sediments transported by the Gapeau with particular reference to its mouth and neighbouring beaches during flood and storm events. We study the solid load measured in the river, theoretical transport equations in the literature and the evolution of the channel and Hyeres’s coastal bathymetry during the last century and during events. These analyses reveal important retraction and erosion that has impacted upon the area since 1896 and the current low sediment supply. The estimated average annual sediment losses along the coast are higher than the average annual river sediment supply
Lozano-Almario, Andrea. "L’articulation entre universalisme et régionalisme dans la protection de l’environnement marin et côtier des mers régionales : l’exemple de la Région de la Grande Caraïbe." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100077.
Повний текст джерелаThe marine and coastal environment of the Caribe’s region contains important natural resources. It offers significant opportunities to the coastal population and to the border Stats in terms of subsistence and development. However, this environment is confronted to many problems: erosion, overexploitation, pollution and political manipulation. The key challenge that lies the region is to ensure the optimal preservation of this environment and to guarantee a sustainable exploitation of the resources. The analysis of the international and regional normativity put in place for ensure that challenge remains plural and insufficient. The institutional corpus must be improved and the new challenge for the international community is to create a global governance framework able to articulate the international rules with the regional and local rules to find and implement pertinent and effective activities
El medio ambiente marino y costero de la Región del Gran Caribe es un tesoro natural que ofrece importantes oportunidades de supervivencia y de comercio a las poblaciones costeras y que ofrece, al mismo tiempo, posibilidades de desarrollo a los Estados ribereños de esta Región. Sin embargo, toda esta riqueza se ve expuesta a diferentes problemas: erosión, sobreexplotación, polución e instrumentalización política. El desafío reside entonces en el equilibrio entre la conservación optima del medio ambiente y la garantía de la explotación del mismo en el marco del desarrollo sustentable y sostenible. El análisis de la reglamentación internacional y regional implementada para tratar de superar dicho desafío es sin embargo plural e insuficiente. El corpus normativo debe ser objeto de mejoras y en ese entendido, el desafío para la comunidad internacional será crear un marco global de gobernanza capaz de articular las reglas internacionales con las reglas regionales y locales para implementar entonces acciones pertinentes y eficaces
Paula, Edson Oliveira de. "Vilegiatura e vilegiaturistas marítimos na região metropolitana de Fortaleza (rmf) – Ceará – Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16734.
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A consolidação e o enraizamento das práticas marítimas modernas no Nordeste brasileiro fomentaram investimentos públicos e privados, sobretudo, em municípios litorâneos e metropolitanos. Na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza (RMF), a vilegiatura marítima encontrou condições favoráveis ao seu desenvolvimento nas últimas décadas, demonstrando o sucesso das medidas adotadas, a emergência e o fortalecimento do Imobiliário Turístico. Assim, conhecer o desenvolvimento do processo de urbanização litorânea na RMF provocado pela vilegiatura marítima e os agentes sociais envolvidos neste processo (vilegiaturistas) compõem os objetivos desta pesquisa. Para tanto, foram consultados dados sobre a produção de segundas residências em localidades litorâneas nos municípios metropolitanos da RMF (São Gonçalo do Amarante, Caucaia, Fortaleza, Aquiraz e Cascavel). Além disso, procedeu-se à realização de entrevistas e questionários com o intuito de construir um perfil dos vilegiaturistas da RMF. Desse modo, constatou-se que os vilegiaturistas, em sua maioria, são indivíduos casados, com idade entre 41 e 60 anos, empregados de nível superior, professores com nível superior, dirigentes do setor privado, etc., percebem rendimento médio mensal superior a dez salários mínimos. Eles são residentes em Fortaleza e região metropolitana, bem como em outros municípios do Ceará, outros Estados, regiões do país e outros países; frequentam suas segundas residências com sua família e amigos; em suas segundas residências alternam seu tempo entre o repouso, atividades lazer, confraternizações, contemplação da natureza, banhos de sol e mar, etc.; por vezes, utilizam-se de serviços e empregados; localizam suas segundas residências em áreas muito próximas ao mar. Importante se faz indicar que o presente trabalho é fruto de pesquisas realizadas no Programa Regional de Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente na Universidade Federal do Ceará (PRODEMA-UFC) em parceria com o Laboratório de Planejamento Urbano e Regional (LAPUR-UFC), o Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) e a rede Observatório das Metrópoles.
Poole, Jessica. "Comparaison de différentes méthodes de conservation et d'extraction des composés phénoliques dans l'algue marine Ascophyllum Nodosum applicables dans les régions côtières et éloignées = Comparing the effects of different preservation and extraction methods on phenolic compounds in the sea weed Ascophyllum Nodosum applicable to remote coastal communities." Thèse, 2019. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/9736/1/eprint9736.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBuiron, Daphné. "Dynamique climatique côtière en région Antarctique au cours des 50 000 dernières années." Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551793.
Повний текст джерелаChaput, Amélie. "Distribution en taille des particules et nutriments : relation entre le matériel parental et la poussière minérale en désert côtier de la Namibie." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24221.
Повний текст джерелаDust particles are primarily known to modify radiative forcing as well as nutrient contribution of coastal regions, but account for an important part of climatic model uncertainties. This project evaluates the characteristics of dust particles in river valleys of Namibia within three valleys of the coastal region. The selection of sites was determined by their frequency of emissions observed by satellite imagery. In 2017, fieldwork measures were taken as well as surfaces samples, which were analysed for their particle size distribution, their mineralogy as well as their elemental composition. The results presented in this thesis look at potential transport emission, to better understand interactions between soil and airborne particles. It was observed that the transect of the Huab valley presents the finest distribution of particles, primarily because of its active river providing finer particles to dust sources. The transect of the Omaruru has a more varied particle size distribution relative to the Huab valley and the Kuiseb, but has some coarser particles present in small quantities. Because of its location, the transect of the Kuiseb is strongly influenced by the Namib sand sea, which is reflected in its particle size distribution. Because of existing literature about dust particles, it is possible to suggest that the Huab valley needs stronger winds to be able to be emissive as it erodes predominantly through a modified direct suspension mechanism. Saltation and bombardment seem to play a more important role in the Kuiseb valley than the other valleys along the coast, such as the Hoanib or the Hunkab, because of its important composition of sand and geomorphology proprieties.