Статті в журналах: "Refugees Victoria"

1

Hughes, Emma, Susanne Kean, and Fiona Cuthill. "Fluctuating power: an exploration of refugee health nursing within the resettlement context in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Research in Nursing 27, no. 3 (May 2022): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17449871221083786.

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Background The Refugee Health Program (RHP) is a nurse-led community initiative, introduced in 2005 with the aim of responding to complex health issues of refugees arriving in Victoria, Australia. Little is known about refugee health nursing in the resettlement context and the impact of dedicated refugee healthcare. Aim To explore the experiences and perspectives of Refugee Health Nurses (RHNs), Refugee Health Managers (managers) and refugees, gaining insight into professional relationships and the complexities of offering a specialised refugee health service. Method A focused ethnographic approach incorporated semi-structured interviews with five RHNs, two managers and eight refugees, two focus groups with refugees and participant observation within the RHP during April 2017 to December 2017. Data collection was undertaken across two sites and interviews, focus groups and observations were transcribed and thematically analysed. Social constructionism asserts that the focus of enquiry should be on interaction, group processes and social practices. Emphasis is placed upon relationships between RHNs, managers and refugees, with knowledge viewed as relational and interactional. Results Professional relationships between RHNs and refugees are complex, with power oscillating between them. Contrary to discourses of ‘vulnerability’ of refugees, both RHNs and refugees demonstrated power in their relationships with each other. Nurses also suggested that these relationships were stressful and could lead to burnout. Key themes were developed: (1) nursing autonomy and gatekeeping; (2) vicarious trauma and burnout; and (3) refugee negotiation of care. Conclusions The balance of power is central to therapeutic relationships. In relationships between RHNs and refugees, power fluctuates as RHNs are exposed to vicarious trauma and symptoms of burnout, while refugees exercise agency by recognising benefits to specialised care. In developing effective therapeutic relationships between RHNs and refugees, attention should be paid to how care is delivered to protect RHNs from burnout while ensuring that refugees receive appropriate care.

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Paxton, Georgia A., Pete C. G. Spink, Margaret H. Danchin, Lauren Tyrrell, Chelsea L. Taylor, Susan Casey, and Hamish R. Graham. "Catching up with catch-up: a policy analysis of immunisation for refugees and asylum seekers in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 6 (2018): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17049.

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This study examines catch-up immunisation for people of refugee-like background in Victoria, exploring effective models of service delivery to complete catch-up vaccinations. The analysis is based on: (i) review of the medical literature, Commonwealth and Victorian government immunisation policy and immunisation patient information; (ii) review of vaccination coverage and service delivery data; and (iii) stakeholder interviews completed in 2014 with 45 people from 34 agencies, including 9 local government areas in Victoria. Although refugees and asylum seekers all need catch-up vaccinations on arrival, they face significant barriers to completing immunisation in Australia. Analysis suggests missed opportunities by service providers and perceptions that catch-up vaccination is time-consuming, difficult and resource-intensive. Service delivery is fragmented across primary care and local government, and pathways depend on age, location and healthcare access. There are strengths, but also limitations in all current service delivery models. Gaps in vaccine funding for refugee-like populations have now been addressed through Commonwealth initiatives, however migration is still not well considered in immunisation policy, and existing systems for notification payments do not capture catch-up vaccination for these groups. Providers identify areas for improvement in professional development and support, patient information, patient-held records and immunisation surveillance data.

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Atwell, R., I. Correa‐Velez, and S. Gifford. "Ageing Out of Place: Health and Well‐Being Needs and Access to Home and Aged Care Services for Recently Arrived Older Refugees in Melbourne, Australia." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2007): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17479894200700002.

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Recently arrived older refugees in resettlement countries are a particularly vulnerable population who face many risks to their health and well‐being, and many challenges in accessing services. This paper reports on a project undertaken in Victoria, Australia to explore the needs of older people from 14 recently arrived refugee communities, and the barriers to their receiving health and aged care. Findings from consultations with community workers and service providers highlight the key issues of isolation, family conflict and mental illness affecting older refugees, and point to ways in which policy‐makers and service providers can better respond to these small but deserving communities.

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Samuel, Sophia, Jenny Advocat, and Grant Russell. "Health seeking narratives of unwell Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in Melbourne Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 1 (2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17033.

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Sri Lankan Tamil refugees are among the largest group of refugees to resettle in Australia in the last decade. The aim of this study is to characterise the narratives of health-seeking among unwell Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Drawing on a qualitative, phenomenological perspective, we conducted in-depth interviews in Tamil and English with 12 participants who identified as being unwell for 6 months or more. Findings revealed three narratives of health-seeking: the search for the ‘good life’ that was lost or never experienced, seeking help from familiar channels in an unfamiliar context, and the desire for financial and occupational independence. These three narratives are undergirded by the metanarrative of a hope-filled recovery. These narratives of Tamil refugees’ lived experience provide new insights into clinical care and health service delivery.

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Lien, On. "Attitudes of the Vietnamese Community towards Mental Illness." Australasian Psychiatry 1, no. 3 (August 1993): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569309081340.

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There are approximately 155,000 Vietnamese born people in Australia, with 46,000 in Victoria. The majority came to Australia as refugees. Many were subjected to the reality or threat of war, persecution, imprisonment, discrimination, economic deprivation, violence, the loss of family or other major stressors. These stressors have included the hazards of the escape, lengthy stays in refugee camps and, on arrival in Australia, lack of familiarity with English and with the culture. The Vietnamese Community in Australia was expected to have a high prevalence of mental illness, especially when newly arrived from refugee camps. In a study published in 1986 as “The Price of Freedom” [1] 32% of the young Vietnamese adult group was found to suffer from psychiatric disorder. At follow-up two years later, the prevalence of psychiatric disorder, without any major intervention, had dropped to 5–6%, a prevalence lower than that in the Australian-born community. In addition, the Vietnamese community's use of mental health services (inpatient and community-based) is lower than that of any other ethnic group.

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Peters, Lisa, Sharon L. Bourke, Janet A. Green, Elianna Johnson, Ligi Anish, and Linda K. Jones. "Understanding the healthcare needs of Sudanese refugee women settling in Australia." Clinical Nursing Studies 8, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/cns.v8n2p40.

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Objective: Explore the healthcare needs of Sudanese refugee women settling in Australia.Background: Refugees from Sudan are the fastest growing community in Australia. Nurses who care for people from the Sudan will be required to be familiar with the needs of this emerging community and offer culturally competent and safe care.Methods: Integrative review of the literature.Results: Sudan is one of the countries in Africa where the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM), cutting or circumcision is considered a social norm. This is a deeply rooted traditional cultural practice that is still prevalent in many developing countries. Healthcare professionals in Australia are ill equipped to care for women and children who have undergone this procedure. This paper explores the Sudanese refugee community in Shepparton, Victoria to explore the nursing considerations caring for women affected by FGM within the Australian health care context.Conclusions: There is a need for more education in undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing professional education on the healthcare needs of women who have undergone female genital mutilation in order to provide appropriate care and support for these women.

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Gatt, Krystle. "Sudanese refugees in Victoria: An analysis of their treatment by the Australian Government." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 35, no. 3 (August 2011): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2011.591904.

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8

Stephenson, Peter H. "Vietnamese refugees in Victoria, B.C.: An overview of immigrant and refugee health care in a medium-sized Canadian urban centre." Social Science & Medicine 40, no. 12 (June 1995): 1631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)00345-t.

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9

Renzaho, Andre. "Re-visioning cultural competence in community health services in Victoria." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080223.

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There are few studies exploring the need to develop and manage culturally competent health services for refugees and migrants from diverse backgrounds. Using data from 50 interviews with service providers from 26 agencies, and focus group discussion with nine different ethnic groups, this paper examines how the Victorian state government funding and service agreements negatively impact on the quest to achieve cultural competence. The study found that service providers have adopted ?one approach fits all? models of service delivery. The pressure and competition for resources to address culturally and linguistically diverse communities? needs allows little opportunity for partnership and collaboration between providers, leading to insufficient sharing of information and duplication of services, poor referrals, incomplete assessment of needs, poor compliance with medical treatment, underutilisation of available services and poor continuity of care. This paper outlines a model for cultural consultation and developing needs-led rather than serviceled programs.

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10

Selvarajah, Suganya, David R. Dunt, Manjula Marella, Alex W. Hewitt, Neville Turner, Piers Carozzi, Genevieve Napper, and Jonathan A. Jackson. "Vision impairment and refractive errors in refugees presenting to community optometry clinics in Victoria, Australia." Clinical and Experimental Optometry 103, no. 5 (November 26, 2019): 668–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cxo.13010.

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11

Liamputtong Rice, Pranee. "Childhood Health and Illness: Cultural Beliefs and Practices among the Hmong in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 4 (1998): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98060.

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This paper examines the cultural construction of childhood illness among Hmong refugees from Laos who are living in Australia. It focuses on traditional patterns of beliefs and practices related to health and illness of newborn infants and young children. The Hmong treat childhood health and illness seriously, and for them there are several causes of childhood illness, including nature, souls, supernatural beings and human aggression. The roles of traditional healers who play an important part in childhood health and illness are also discussed. Lastly, the paper attempts to make clear some implications for child health services for immigrants such as the Hmong in Australia and elsewhere. The paper intends to contribute an anthropological perspective on child health which is particularly important in a multicultural society. A clear understanding by health professionals of cultural beliefs and expectations is essential if misunderstanding is to be avoided, and culturally appropriate and sensitive health care for immigrant children, such as the Hmong to be available.

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Haukioja, Heather Seija Marguerite. "Exploring the Nature of Elder Abuse in Ethno-Cultural Minority Groups: A community-based participatory research study." Arbutus Review 7, no. 1 (August 8, 2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/tar71201615681.

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<p class="p1">Elder abuse is a significant public health, social justice, and human rights issue in today’s society. Despite the recognition that elder<span class="s1">1 </span>abuse affects older adults across all racial, ethnic, and cultural groups, very little is known about the experiences of elder abuse among people from diverse ethno-cultural backgrounds in Canada. The primary objective of this study is to explore the nature of elder abuse within the two largest ethno-cultural minority groups in British Columbia (BC), the Chinese and South Asians (i.e., those who were either born in or can trace their ancestry to South Asia, which includes nations such as India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Nepal). Using a community-based participatory research approach,this study is a collaboration between three academics at the University of Victoria and four front-line workers from the Inter-Cultural Association of Greater Victoria (ICA), a not-for-profit, multicultural services organization for immigrants and refugees. The qualitative findings from this interview-based study reveal that cultural context, immigration status, and ethnicity are significant factors influencing experiences of elder abuse. Further, the findings provide insights into what resources — awareness and prevention — need to be developed in order to address the issue of elder abuse in these communities.</p>

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13

Wilson, A., N. Szwed, and A. Renzaho. "Developing Nutrition Guidelines for Recycled Food to Improve Food Security Among Homeless, Asylum Seekers, and Refugees in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 7, no. 2-3 (April 2012): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2012.704663.

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Kunin, Marina, Razia Ali, Chris Yugusuk, Annette Davis, and Jacquie McBride. "Providing Care by Telephone to Refugees and Asylum Seekers: An Evaluation of Telephone Mode-of-Care in Monash Health Refugee Health and Wellbeing Clinic in Victoria, Australia." Health Services Insights 15 (January 2022): 117863292211343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786329221134349.

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An evaluation of accessibility, appropriateness, acceptability and efficiency of telephone consultations, implemented at Monash Health Refugee Health and Wellbeing (MH RHW) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, was conducted. A convergent mix-methods design was used, with both patients (n = 50) and clinicians (n = 11) participating in a survey, and two focus groups (n = 14) involving clinicians being conducted. Service utilization data was sourced from the MH RHW database. During May to December 2020, 61% (n = 3012) of the consultations were conducted by telephone, 42% (n = 11) of these required interpreters in a 3-way conversation Most patients were satisfied with telephone as a medium for providing care and with the quality of telephone-based care. Similarly, clinicians considered telephone consultations to be an acceptable mode-of-care for most patients during the pandemic, however, expressed caution in relation to certain patient cohort. Finally, the provision of care by telephone was considered no more efficient than face-to-face service provision, as reflected in the time required for each consultation, with some clinicians reporting adverse workload outcomes. This study highlighted the benefits and challenges of telephone consultations from patient and clinician perspectives. It also highlighted the types of patients that may not be suited to telephone consultations. Overall, this study showed that telephone service delivery is a feasible option in providing care to people of refugee background and should be considered in future decisions as an ongoing Medicare (Australia’s universal healthcare insurance scheme) billing item. However, clinical discretion should prevail in determining the most appropriate means of delivering care.

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Fedele, Pasquale L., Michael Wheeler, Christopher Lemoh, and Sanjeev Chunilal. "Immunochromatographic antigen testing alone is sufficient to identify asymptomatic refugees at risk of severe malaria presenting to a single health service in Victoria." Pathology 46, no. 6 (October 2014): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pat.0000000000000149.

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16

Renzaho, Andre. "Providing Health Services to Migrants and Refugees Settling in Victoria, Australia: An Analysis of the Complexity, Cost and Policy Implications for Public Health." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 3, no. 4 (December 2007): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17479894200700021.

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17

McGorry, Patrick. "Working with Survivors of Torture and Trauma: The Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture in Perspective." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 3 (September 1995): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509064955.

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The health and welfare needs of refugee survivors of torture and trauma have in recent years belatedly found a prominent place on the policy agendas of Federal and State Governments. The development of a statewide service to meet these needs provides an opportunity to illustrate some of the general issues in developing a model specialist community health service, as well as the specific and complex elements involved in the care and resettlement of refugee survivors of torture and trauma. The early experience of the Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture is described and some descriptive data presented. Unresolved issues are highlighted, particularly the difficulty in providing skilled psychotherapeutic assistance to relatively large numbers of traumatised refugees.

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Enticott, Joanne C., I.-Hao Cheng, Grant Russell, Josef Szwarc, George Braitberg, Anne Peek, and Graham Meadows. "Emergency department mental health presentations by people born in refugee source countries: an epidemiological logistic regression study in a Medicare Local region in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 3 (2015): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py13153.

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This study investigated if people born in refugee source countries are disproportionately represented among those receiving a diagnosis of mental illness within emergency departments (EDs). The setting was the Cities of Greater Dandenong and Casey, the resettlement region for one-twelfth of Australia’s refugees. An epidemiological, secondary data analysis compared mental illness diagnoses received in EDs by refugee and non-refugee populations. Data was the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset in the 2008–09 financial year. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression created predictive models for mental illness using five variables: age, sex, refugee background, interpreter use and preferred language. Collinearity, model fit and model stability were examined. Multivariate analysis showed age and sex to be the only significant risk factors for mental illness diagnosis in EDs. ‘Refugee status’, ‘interpreter use’ and ‘preferred language’ were not associated with a mental health diagnosis following risk adjustment for the effects of age and sex. The disappearance of the univariate association after adjustment for age and sex is a salutary lesson for Medicare Locals and other health planners regarding the importance of adjusting analyses of health service data for demographic characteristics.

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Michael, Damian R., Ian D. Lunt, and Wayne A. Robinson. "Enhancing fauna habitat in grazed native grasslands and woodlands: use of artificially placed log refuges by fauna." Wildlife Research 31, no. 1 (2004): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02106.

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To assess whether faunal habitat can be enhanced by using artificial refuges, and whether different species preferentially use refuges with differing structural characteristics, we monitored faunal usage of artificially placed log refuges in grazed semi-arid grasslands and woodlands in Terrick Terrick National Park in Victoria. In total, 1131 log refuges were placed at 91 sites across major vegetation types in the reserve. The effect of refuge age was assessed by comparing faunal usage between new refuges and 271 old refuges that had lain in situ for more than 15 years. Refuges were surveyed for fauna monthly between June 2000 and January 2001. Different species preferred refuges with different characteristics. Overall terrestrial fauna, and three native species (Diplodactylus tessellatus, Morethia boulengeri and Suta suta) in particular, were significantly more abundant beneath old refuges, whereas the introduced Mus musculus was significantly more abundant beneath new refuges. Five species (Crinia signifera, Morethia boulengeri, Menetia greyii, Sminthopsis crassicaudata and Suta suta) were significantly more abundant beneath Eucalyptus logs that were large, wide, partially decayed, contained many holes and/or covered many subterranean invertebrate holes. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of installing log refuges in grassy landscapes as a survey method for vertebrate fauna and as a potential habitat-restoration technique to help conserve grassland fauna.

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Davis, M., L. Hochberg, R. Zetterberg, and V. Pridmore. "Can Cross-Sector Partnerships Increase Breast Cancer Screening in Hard-to-Reach Migrant Populations?" Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 142s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.20500.

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Background and context: BreastScreen Victoria (BSV) provides free breast screening to women aged 40+; targeting women aged 50-74. The program reduces breast cancer-related deaths by up to 28%. BSV aims to ensure equitable participation for all women in the target age; however there are large disparities in screening rates for different subpopulations. Emerging migrant women participate in breast screening at lower rates than the general population. These women face complex barriers including cultural factors, low health literacy, and access. BSV identified cross-sector partnerships, with local trusted organizations who engage with emerging migrant women, as an approach to tackle the multidimensional problems in screening inequalities. Aim: Through cross-sector partnerships BSV aims to bring together diverse skills, knowledge and resources for more effective health promotion outcomes, including: 1. Increasing awareness of breast screening in emerging migrant communities, 2. Providing a culturally safe environment for women to access breast screening. Strategy/Tactics: BSV partnered with organizations beyond the traditional health sector. One key partnership is with AMES Australia, who provide settlement services for refugees and migrants. The main approach of this model is two-way capacity building between organizations. BSV built the capacity of AMES to deliver BreastScreen's key messages, and promote screening to eligible women accessing their service. This included training for staff, resource development/sharing, and support. AMES built the capacity of BSV by providing insight into barriers for women they engage, and guidance adapting traditionally clinical environments ensuring cultural safety. To date BSV has undertaken screening initiatives with AMES in 2 Melbourne locations. Outcomes: - Migrant women are introduced to breast screening by a trusted organization - BSV's key messages are delivered in a culturally appropriate manner - Development of sustainable skills, structures and resources in both organizations - Utilization of AMES relationship with their clients to engage women who BSV may not reach -not on the Victorian Electoral Roll - 6 group bookings with specific languages groups - Familiar case worker and in person translator supporting group bookings - Engaging mainly first time screeners who may not have accessed a breast screen - Overcoming cultural, language, and health literacy barriers - Tailored appointments for groups and walk-ins. What was learned: A lack of tailored strategies to engage women in breast screening compounds barriers for migrant women. Cross-sector partnerships increase the efficiency of systems that impact health by making the best use of different but complementary resources. Collaborations, joint resourcing and planned action should be considered ongoing practice, particularly for disengaged populations, to address the many determinants of health that lie outside the reach of the health system.

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Kanellopoulou, Charis. "Space in common: Socially engaged art in the Athens of crisis." Journal of Greek Media & Culture 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc.5.2.211_1.

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During the last years ‐ within a constantly deepening social, political and economic crisis ‐ Athens’s public space appears challenging, presenting a character of ongoing re-evaluation and change. It is due to the impact of the crisis, for example, that the city’s public space is being approached once more by many citizens who, during the years before the recession, had chosen to transfer main activities and functions of public life to the more protected sphere of privateness. One notices the return to open spaces by locals not only for leisure but also for social interaction. Most emphatically, however, appears the fact of a rising number of population in need, such as homeless people, immigrants or refugees, who host aspects of their private life in the public sphere: most of the times, they are not only users, but rather habitants of public space, in a transitional situation of social suspension, lacking a sense of belonging. Under the light of the city’s different realities, and of an expected social co-existence, the article aims to present the practice of artists who become active in Athens’s public spaces of social ambivalence in Athens, by realizing socially engaged art projects. By focusing on case studies such as Nomadic Architecture Network’s projects, the Victoria Square Project by Rick Lowe and Maria Papadimitriou, Common Platforms, a Blind Date by Adonis Volanakis, along with Rafika Chawishe, or the UrbanDig_Omonia by the UrbanDig Project in Omonia square, among others, the article highlights the artists’ interest in understanding the historical and cultural dynamics of each area and in working with different participants of the community in an effort to find common ground and to create bonds among individuals of unalike backgrounds. The article shows how such artistic practices become a channel of creative expression and fruitful dialogue in environments of precariousness and intolerance. Showing the importance of cooperation and understanding, socially engaged art projects function positively as collaborative ‘heterotopias’ in turbulent times for Athens.

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Goldstein, Yossi. "Ben-Gurion and the Palestinian Refugees." Israel Studies Review 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/isr.2020.350104.

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A prominent aspect of the Jewish-Arab conflict over Palestine has been the Palestinian ‘catastrophe’ or ‘Nakba’—the displacement of some 750,000 Palestinians during Israel’s War of Independence. David Ben-Gurion, the Yishuv’s pre-state leader and Israel’s first prime minister, was an influential figure in this process. This article investigates Ben-Gurion’s attitude toward the Palestinian refugee problem, highlighting its dynamic nature and its linkage to military developments. Contrary to the conclusions of previous research, only after the Arab states’ invasion and the war’s expansion in late May and early June 1948 did Ben-Gurion decide to oppose the refugees’ return. Undeterred by his own ethical misgivings and international efforts to secure repatriation, his view was reinforced over time, as Israel’s victories on the battlefield became unequivocal.

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Popovic-Filipovic, Slavica. "Serbs on Corsica in the Great War. Part 1." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 146, no. 7-8 (2018): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh170704169p.

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Historians and historical research of the role of the Serbian nation in the Great War give ample respect and recognition of the great battles and great victories. However, the exodus of the Serbian people and its armies out of Serbia is also not forgotten. Neither are the Salonika Front, nor other battlefronts. Less well known and researched is the fate of 35,000 young Serbian recruits, the young people dispersed to distant lands. This research is concentrated on the fate of the Serbian refugees in Corsica, on those who helped them, looked after them, and treated them to recovery, and who themselves came there from other parts of the world. Those Serbian refugees in Corsica were looked after by the representatives of diplomatic, humanitarian, and medical missions from Serbia, France, and Great Britain. The life of the Serbian refugee colony in Corsica was organized, financed, and supported by the Royal Serbian Government in exile in France, the French Relief Committee for the wounded, sick, and refugees, the Serbian Relief Fund, the Scottish Women?s Hospitals for Foreign Service, the local authorities, and numerous individuals in Corsica. We have paid particular attention to the Scottish Women?s Hospital in Corsica that provided a special hospital unit called ?Corsica Unit,? situated in Ajaccio, with the isolation ward in Lazaret, and ambulances and dispensaries located in various villages, where the Serbian refugees were billeted. At the time of centennial commemorations of the Great War, we want to express our profound gratitude to the humanitarian and medical assistance from all quarters, and in particular to the Scottish Women?s Hospitals, and Dr. Elsie Inglis, the founder and the leader of this medical mission.

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Popovic-Filipovic, Slavica. "Srbi na Korzici u Velikom ratu - 2. deo." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 146, no. 9-10 (2018): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh170704170p.

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Historians and historical research of the role of the Serbian nation in the Great War give ample respect and recognition of the great battles and great victories. However, the exodus of the Serbian people and its armies out of Serbia is also not forgotten. Neither are the Salonika Front, nor other battlefronts. Less well known and researched is the fate of 35,000 young Serbian recruits, the young people dispersed to distant lands. This research is concentrated on the fate of the Serbian refugees in Corsica, on those who helped them, looked after them, and treated them to recovery, and who themselves came there from other parts of the world. Those Serbian refugees in Corsica were looked after by the representatives of diplomatic, humanitarian, and medical missions from Serbia, France, and Great Britain. The life of the Serbian refugee colony in Corsica was organized, financed, and supported by the Royal Serbian Government in exile in France, the French Relief Committee for the wounded, sick, and refugees, the Serbian Relief Fund, the Scottish Women?s Hospitals for Foreign Service, the local authorities, and numerous individuals in Corsica. We have paid particular attention to the Scottish Women?s Hospital in Corsica that provided a special hospital unit called ?Corsica Unit,? situated in Ajaccio, with the isolation ward in Lazaret, and ambulances and dispensaries located in various villages, where the Serbian refugees were billeted. At the time of centennial commemorations of the Great War, we want to express our profound gratitude to the humanitarian and medical assistance from all quarters, and in particular to the Scottish Women?s Hospitals, and Dr. Elsie Inglis, the founder and the leader of this medical mission.

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Claeys, Gregory. "Mazzini, Kossuth, and British Radicalism, 1848–1854." Journal of British Studies 28, no. 3 (January 1989): 225–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385936.

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The relative quiescence of British working-class radicalism during much of the two decades after 1848, so central to the foundations of mid-Victorian stability, has been the subject of many explanations. Though Chartism did not expire finally until the late 1850s, its mainstream strategy of constitutionalist organization, huge meetings, enormous parliamentary petitions, and the tacit threat of violent intimidation seemed exploded after the debacle of Kennington Common and the failed march on Parliament in April 1848. But other factors also contributed to undermine the zeal for reform. Alleviating the pressures of distress, emigration carried off many activists to America and elsewhere. Relative economic prosperity rendered the economic ends of reform less pressing, and proposals like the Chartist Land Plan less appealing. The popularity of various self-help doctrines, including consumer cooperation, also militated against collectivist political action. “Labour aristocrats” and trade union leaders, moreover, preferred local and sectional economic improvement to the risks and expense of political campaigning.Accounts of mid-Victorian political stability have had little to say, however, about the impact of European radicalism on the British working-class movement after 1848. That the failure of the continental revolutions brought thousands of refugees to Britain is well known. But although useful studies exist of the internationalist dimensions of Chartism prior to 1849—and of some of the refugee groups generally in this period—the effects of the exiled continental radicals on British working-class politics in the early 1850s have remained largely unconsidered.

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Goldstein, Robert Justin. "Exiles from European Revolutions: Refugees in Mid-Victorian England." History: Reviews of New Books 32, no. 3 (January 2004): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2004.10528670.

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Romero Ruiz, Mª Isabel. "Bodies that Fester in the Holds of the “Coffin Ships”: Postcolonial Neo-Victorianism, Vulnerability and Resistance in Joseph O’Connor’s Star of the Sea (2003)." Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies 63 (June 30, 2021): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.20215877.

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The presence of Empire in the Victorian period and its aftermath has become a new trope in neo-Victorian studies, introducing a postcolonial approach to the re-writing of the Victorian past. This, combined with the metaphor of the sea as a symbol of British colonial and postcolonial maritime power, makes of Joseph O’Connor’s novel Star of the Sea a story of love, vulnerability and identity. Set in the winter of 1847, it tells the story of the voyage of a group of Irish refugees travelling to New York trying to escape from the Famine. The colonial history of Ireland and its long tradition of English dominance becomes the setting of the characters’ fight for survival. Parallels with today’s refugees can be established after Ireland’s transformation into an immigration country. Following Judith Butler’s and Sarah Bracke’s notions of vulnerability and resistance together with ideas about ‘the other’ in postcolonial neo-Victorianism, this article aims to analyse the role of Empire in the construction of an Irish identity associated with poverty and disease, together with its re-emergence and reconstruction through healing in a contemporary globalised scenario. For this purpose, I resort to Edward Said’s and Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri’s ideas about imperialism and new imperialism along with Elizabeth Ho’s concept of ‘the Neo-Victorian-at-sea’ and some critics’ approaches to postcolonial Gothic. My main contention throughout the text will be that vulnerability in resistance can foster healing.

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Mitchell, Jenny. "1997 Awards for Innovation and Excellence in Primary Health Care Awards - Alliances and Collaboration: Refugee Health Program." Australian Journal of Primary Health 3, no. 3 (1997): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py97026.

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Brief Description of the Program: This article describes the ways in which three agencies in the Western Region of Melbourne have joined forces to deliver a co-ordinated health service to newly arrived refugees. The three agencies are: ? the Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture ? the Western Region Health Centre ? the Western Melbourne Division of General Practice.

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Murray, S. B., and S. A. Skull. "Re-visioning refugee health: the Victorian Immigrant Health Programme." Health Services Management Research 16, no. 3 (August 2003): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095148403322167898.

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Crawford, Renée. "Creating unity through celebrating diversity: A case study that explores the impact of music education on refugee background students." International Journal of Music Education 35, no. 3 (July 21, 2016): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0255761416659511.

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This article reports the findings of a case study that investigated the impact of music education on students in an F-12 school in Victoria, Australia that is considered as having a high percentage of young people with a refugee background. Key findings from this research indicated that music education had a positive impact on this group of young refugee students, which related to three primary themes: fostering a sense of wellbeing, social inclusion (a sense of belonging), and an enhanced engagement with learning. While some of these impacts were not always clearly distinguished from the more general experience of school, the students did identify some best practice elements of music learning and teaching that link to these three themes in a number of interrelated contexts. This research raises important questions about the ways in which education might be approached in schools with a high percentage of refugee background students and reaffirms the necessity of music and the arts as an important component.

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Baker, Jack. "The decline, response to fire, status and management of the Eastern Bristlebird." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 3 (1997): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970235.

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The Eastern Bristlebird Dasyornis brachypterus is a threatened passerine, endemic to southeastern Australia. It is a cryptic, ground dwelling, semi-flightless inhabitant of dense, fire-prone vegetation and is usually only detected by its calls. The disjunct distribution suggests that they were once more numerous and their population continuous from southern Queensland to western Victoria. Their decline has been documented in historic and recent times. Habitat loss, nest desertion and fire have been implicated in the decline and extinction of local populations. Strongholds for the species are Barren Grounds Nature Reserve and Bherwerre Peninsula, 100 and 150 km south of Sydney respectively. At Barren Grounds, in the absence of recent fire, there were significant increases in the population between 1992 and 1996. There was a trend of increasing Eastern Bristlebird density with increasing fire-age of habitat and average density plateauing at two birds per 5 ha, 10 years after fire. At Nadgee, a coastal Nature Reserve on the New South Wales/Victorian border, the population appears to be recovering very slowly from severe wildfires in 1972 and 1980. At the beginning of 1996 there were less than 2 000 individual Eastern Bristlebirds occupying an area of approximately 100 km2. For the management of Eastern Bristlebirds, habitat manipulation using prescribed fire should not be undertaken unless site-specific population monitoring data demonstrate that it would be beneficial. Concentrations of Eastern Bristlebirds and potential fire refuges should be protected from unplanned fire. For prescription burns, potential escape routes need to be planned for Eastern Bristlebirds. The threatened status should be changed from Vulnerable to Endangered.

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Crawford, Renée. "Socially inclusive practices in the music classroom: The impact of music education used as a vehicle to engage refugee background students." Research Studies in Music Education 42, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 248–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1321103x19843001.

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As schools become increasingly culturally diverse, globalisation and cross-cultural exchange challenge teachers in complex but exciting ways. This article reports on the impact of music education for students in a secondary school in Victoria, Australia. Socially inclusive practices were a focus of the study as the school has a high percentage of young people with a refugee background. A number of school-based musical experiences provided opportunities for cross-cultural exchange and negotiation, and diverse communications are described. Music education was used as a vehicle to engage young refugee background students, which was indicative of three primary themes: personal wellbeing, social inclusion (a sense of belonging), and an enhanced engagement with learning. Key findings from this case study research indicated that a music classroom which fostered socially inclusive practices resulted in a positive transcultural learning space. This research raises important questions about the critical role of music education and the arts in contemporary and culturally diverse school contexts.

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Theobald, Jacqui. "Women's Refuges and the State in Victoria, Australia: a campaign for secrecy of address." Women's History Review 23, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2013.846116.

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Willey, Suzanne M., Robyn P. Cant, Allison Williams, and Meredith McIntyre. "Maternal and child health nurses work with refugee families: Perspectives from regional Victoria, Australia." Journal of Clinical Nursing 27, no. 17-18 (February 21, 2018): 3387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14277.

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Berry, Laurence E., Don A. Driscoll, Samuel C. Banks, and David B. Lindenmayer. "The use of topographic fire refuges by the greater glider (Petauroides volans) and the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) following a landscape-scale fire." Australian Mammalogy 37, no. 1 (2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am14027.

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We examined the abundance of arboreal marsupials in topographic fire refuges after a major fire in a stand-replacing crown-fire forest ecosystem. We surveyed the abundance of arboreal marsupials across 48 sites in rainforest gullies burnt to differing extents by the 2009 fires in the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of the Victorian Central Highlands, Australia. The greater glider (Petauroides volans) was less abundant within the extent of the 2009 fire. The mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) was more abundant within the extent of the 2009 fire, particularly within unburnt peninsulas protruding into burnt areas from unburnt edges. Our results indicate that fire refuges may facilitate the persistence of some species within extensively burnt landscapes. Additional work should seek to clarify this finding and identify the demographic mechanisms underlying this response.

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Riggs, Elisha, Karen Block, Taffie Mhlanga, Chritina Rush, and Mollie Burley. "On the road to inclusion: Evaluation of a refugee driver education program in regional Victoria, Australia." Journal of Social Inclusion 5, no. 1 (June 4, 2014): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi.71.

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Hudson, Rosalie. "Commentary: Fluctuating power: an exploration of refugee health nursing within the resettlement context in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Research in Nursing 27, no. 3 (May 2022): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17449871221087315.

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Cottrell-Boyce, Aidan. "Scandal in Somers town: conspiracism and Catholic schools in early Victorian England." British Catholic History 35, no. 4 (October 2021): 415–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2021.17.

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The middle years of the nineteenth century are notable in the history of Catholicism in England for the development of the ‘papal aggression’ crisis. Catholic emancipation had been met with suspicion by Protestant groups and this suspicion grew into violent antipathy with the publication by Nicholas Wiseman of ‘Ex Porta Flaminia.’ At the same time that this crisis was emerging, Catholic charitable organizations were also attempting to garner support from the state for the building of Catholic schools. With a boom in the poor, urban population, fuelled by the arrival of Irish refugees, this assistance was urgently required. In the midst of this a small school in the heart of London became the focus of a cause célèbre. The belief that this school had been funded by lucre, defrauded from dying and vulnerable members of the Somers Town community by simonist priests, provided the source of a widespread conspiracy theory. The result of this conspiracy theory was a lawsuit, brought in 1851 by the relatives of a deceased benefactor of the school, against the newly enthroned Cardinal Wiseman. Metairie vs. Wiseman became one of the most celebrated and cited cases of the early Victorian era.

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Hearn, Fran, Laura Biggs, Stephanie Brown, Lien Tran, Sherinald Shwe, Ta Mwe Paw Noe, Shadow Toke, et al. "Having a Say in Research Directions: The Role of Community Researchers in Participatory Research with Communities of Refugee and Migrant Background." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 4844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084844.

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Research teams in high-income countries often fail to acknowledge the capacity and contributions of Community Researchers. This qualitative exploratory study used decolonising methodology and the Foundation House ‘Refugee Recovery Framework’ to understand Community Researchers’ perceptions and experiences of their role, and how research teams can integrate the knowledge they bring into research. Purposive sampling was used to facilitate the recruitment of eight Community Researchers from five different community groups working in Melbourne, Victoria. Semi-structured interviews lasting forty to sixty minutes occurred between December 2020 and January 2021. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings reported in this paper include eight themes: ‘nothing about us without us’; ‘open the door’; a safe space to share; every step of the way; this does not translate; finding the right way to ask; a trauma-informed approach; and support within the workplace. The knowledge obtained demonstrates that Community Researchers facilitate meaningful participation in research for women, families, and communities of refugee or migrant background. Community Researchers’ presence, knowledge, and skills are vital in establishing culturally safe research practices and developing accessible language to facilitate conversations about sensitive research topics across multiple languages. Community Researchers can make important contributions at all stages of research, including data collection and interpretation.

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Holmes, Rebecca Helena, Sunjuri Sun, Saniya Kazi, Sarath Ranganathan, Shidan Tosif, Stephen M. Graham, and Hamish R. Graham. "Management of tuberculosis infection in Victorian children: A retrospective clinical audit of factors affecting treatment completion." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): e0275789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275789.

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Background Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is strongly recommended for children following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis because of their high risk of progression to active tuberculosis, including severe disseminated disease. We describe the implementation of TPT for children and adolescents with evidence of tuberculosis infection (TBI) at Victoria’s largest children’s hospital and examine factors affecting treatment completion. Methods We conducted a retrospective clinical audit of all children and adolescents aged <18 years diagnosed with latent TBI at the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, between 2010 and 2016 inclusive. The primary outcome was treatment completion, defined as completing TPT to within one month of a target duration for the specified regimen (for instance, at least five months of a six-month isoniazid course), confirmed by the treating clinician. Factors associated with treatment adherence were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Of 402 participants with TBI, 296 (74%) met the criteria for treatment “complete”. The most common TPT regimen was six months of daily isoniazid (377, 94%). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, treatment completion was more likely among children and adolescents who had refugee health screening performed (OR 2.31, 95%CI 1.34–4.00) or who were also treated for other medical conditions (OR 1.67 95%CI 1.0–2.85), and less likely among those who experienced side-effects (OR 0.32, 95%CI 0.11–0.94). However, TPT was generally well tolerated with side-effects reported in 15 participants (3.7%). Conclusion Identification of factors associated with TPT completion and deficiencies in the existing care pathway have informed service provision changes to further improve outcomes for Victorian children and adolescents with TBI.

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Napwanga, Eluby Sarah Patrick, Sheenagh McShane, and Lucio Naccarella. "Appropriateness of the Asylum Seeker Resource Centre-adapted Refugee Health Assessment Tool." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 2 (2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py19059.

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People seeking asylum (PSA) are recommended to undertake a comprehensive risk-based health assessment within 1 month of arrival in Australia. The Asylum Seeker Resource Centre (ASRC) offers health services to PSA in Victoria, through the ASRC nurse-led clinic. A healthcare assessment is conducted by nurses using a Refugee Health Assessment (RHA) tool. A process evaluation was conducted to assess if the adapted 2016 version of the RHA tool was able to appropriately identify, describe and prioritise the needs of PSA. Twelve ASRC nurses who conducted assessments were interviewed. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed. The adapted RHA tool was considered as appropriate for identifying, describing and prioritising the needs of PSA. Three key interconnected themes emerged influencing the appropriateness of the tool: the tool; users’ experiences; and the individual characteristics of the PSA undergoing the assessment. Key tool limitations included: the structure not being user-friendly; variability in users’ sensitivity to using the tool; and the limited feedback from PSA on the adapted RHA tool. Given the high number of people seeking asylum in Australia and the complexity of their healthcare needs, this research provides preliminary guidance on ways to improve the appropriateness of the ASRC-adapted RHA tool.

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Correa‐Velez, Ignacio, Vijaya Sundararajan, Kaye Brown, and Sandra M. Gifford. "Hospital utilisation among people born in refugee‐source countries: an analysis of hospital admissions, Victoria, 1998–2004." Medical Journal of Australia 186, no. 11 (June 2007): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01058.x.

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Cho, Melinda Yunkyo, Gemma McKibbin, and Mohajer A. Hameed. "General Practitioners’ Perspectives about Addressing Family Violence with Men from Refugee and Immigrant Backgrounds in Victoria, Australia." Open Journal of Social Sciences 09, no. 10 (2021): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2021.910022.

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Humphrey, Jacinta E., Kylie A. Robert, and Steve W. J. Leonard. "Elliott traps found to be ineffective for the survey of swamp skink (Lissolepis coventryi): a cautionary tale of outdated survey guidelines." Wildlife Research 44, no. 7 (2017): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17012.

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Context Cryptic (i.e. secretive, elusive or well camouflaged) species are often very challenging to accurately survey. Because many cryptic species are threatened, the development of robust and efficient survey methods to detect them is critically important for conservation management. The swamp skink (Lissolepis coventryi) is an example of an elusive and threatened species; it inhabits densely vegetated, wet environments throughout south-east Australia. The swamp skink occurs in peri-urban areas and faces many human-induced threats including habitat loss, introduced predators and environmental pollution. Effective and reliable survey methods are therefore essential for its conservation. Aims This study aimed to review the current swamp skink survey guidelines to compare the detection success of Elliott traps with two alternative methods: passive infrared cameras (camera traps) and artificial refuges. Methods Detection probabilities for the swamp skink were compared using Elliott traps, artificial refuges and camera traps at two known populations on the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia. Key results Artificial refuges and camera traps were significantly more successful than Elliott traps at detecting swamp skinks. Conclusions Elliott traps are currently regarded as the standard technique for surveying swamp skinks; however, these traps were the least successful of the three methods trialled. Therefore, the use of Elliott traps in future swamp skink presence–absence surveys is not recommended. Implications Many previous surveys utilising Elliott traps have failed to detect swamp skinks in habitats where they are likely to occur. Our findings suggest that at least some of these past surveys may have reported false absences of swamp skinks, potentially resulting in poor planning decisions. A reduction in the reliance on Elliott trapping is likely to increase future swamp skink detection success, broaden our understanding of this cryptic species and aid conservation efforts. Our results emphasise that it is essential to regularly review recommended survey methods to ensure they are accurate and effective for target species.

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Teshuva, Karen. "A profile of Victorian seniors from refugee backgrounds: Health and wellbeing needs and access to aged care health and support services- By Refugee Health Research Centre." Australasian Journal on Ageing 27, no. 4 (December 2008): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2008.00327.x.

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Basdeo, Stephen, and Luiz F. A. Guerra. "Juana Manso’s Mistérios del Plata (1852) and a Global “Mysteries” Tradition." Victorian Popular Fictions Journal 4, no. 2 (2023): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46911/tcwh4587.

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This article examines Juana Manso’s Mistérios del Plata, published in Rio de Janeiro in 1852, in the context of what the authors argue was a global mystery novel tradition. Where previous scholars have argued that mid-nineteenth century mysteries novels are a mere subset of the crime literature genre, the authors take a different approach: they point out that these novels were a transnational corpus of texts which incorporated many genres. Outside of Europe, in the Empire of Brazil, Manso adapted the form of the mysteries tradition but extended its parameters. Manso’s novel was different to the European mysteries novel because, unlike her male counterparts Eugene Sue and George W.M. Reynolds, she told a tale of political refugees who fled from Juan Rosas’s Argentina into Uruguay and then Brazil. The authors contend that a consideration of Latin American mysteries novel, with a case study on Manso’s text, is one means through which scholars of Victorian popular fiction can begin conversations with researchers from outside the Anglosphere and become truly “global.”

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Nowak, Katarzyna. "‘We Would Rather Drown Ourselves in Lake Victoria’: Refugee Women, Protest, and Polish Displacement in Colonial East Africa, 1948–49." Immigrants & Minorities 37, no. 1-2 (May 4, 2019): 92–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619288.2019.1677467.

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Cooke, Regina, Sally Murray, Jonathan Carapetis, James Rice, Nigisti Mulholland, and Susan Skull. "Demographics and utilisation of health services by paediatric refugees from East Africa: implications for service planning and provision." Australian Health Review 27, no. 2 (2004): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah042720040.

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Regina Cooke is a Clinical Fellow at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. Sally Murray is an Honorary Fellow of the University of Melbourne and former Program Coordinator of the Victorian Immigrant Health Program, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne. Jonathan Carapetis is an Infectious Diseases Physician, Royal Children's Hospital, Senior Lecturer, Department of Paediatrics,University of Melbourne and Research Fellow, Murdoch Children's Research Institute. James Rice is a Clinical Fellow at University of British Columbia, Canada and formerly of Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. Nigisti Mulholland is a Social Scientist, formerly of Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.Susan Skull is Deputy Director of the Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, and Senior Lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne.Little is known of difficulties in accessing health care for recently arrived paediatric refugees in Australia. We reviewedroutinely collected data for all 199 East African children attending a hospital Immigrant Health Clinic for the first time over a 16 month period. Although 63% of parents reported medical consultations since arrival, 77% of this group reported outstanding, unaddressed health problems. Availability of interpreters and information on health services were the main factors hindering access to care. These data have informed future service planning at the Clinic.Ongoing data collection is key to maintaining a responsive, targeted service for a continually changing population.

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Bashford, Alison, and Jane McAdam. "The Right to Asylum: Britain's 1905 Aliens Act and the Evolution of Refugee Law." Law and History Review 32, no. 2 (May 2014): 309–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248014000029.

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From the 1880s, states and self-governing colonies in North and South America, across Australasia, and in southern Africa began introducing laws to regulate the entry of newly defined “undesirable immigrants.” This was a trend that intensified exclusionary powers originally passed in the 1850s to regulate Chinese migration, initially in the context of the gold rushes in California and the self-governing colony of Victoria in Australia. The entry and movement of other populations also began to be regulated toward the end of the century, in particular the increasing number of certain Europeans migrating to the United States. It is perhaps unsurprising, then, that Britain followed this legal trend with the introduction of the 1905 Aliens Act, although it was a latecomer when situated in the global context, and certainly within the context of its own Empire. The Aliens Act was passed in response to the persecution of Eastern European Jews and their forced migration, mainly from the Russian Empire into Britain. It defined for the first time in British law the notion of the “undesirable immigrant,” criteria to exclude would-be immigrants, and exemptions from those exclusions. The Aliens Act has been analyzed by historians and legal scholars as an aspect of the history of British immigration law on the one hand, and of British Jewry and British anti-Semitism on the other. Exclusion based on ethnic and religious grounds has dominated both analyses. Thus, the Act has been framed as the major antecedent to Britain's more substantial and enduring legislative moves in the 1960s to restrict entry, regulate borders, and nominate and identify “undesirable” entrants effectively (if not explicitly) on racial grounds.

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Emily Jepyegon, Chemoiwa. "The current status of Barbus species in Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya: A review." International Journal of Aquaculture and Fishery Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 27, 2022): 092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-8400.000083.

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Lake Victoria is known for its rich fish biodiversity having been home to over 500 fish species. However, over 200 species have become extinct and as a result, it is classified as a world hotspot of species loss. Some of the examples of endemic species that disappeared from the lake and are endangered include the Haplochromines and the Barbus species. The Barbus species is currently not seen in the fish landings from Lake Victoria. It is deemed to have sought refuge in the riverine ecosystems, dams and the adjacent satellite lakes within the Lake Victoria Basin. This has resulted in several gaps emerging including its current status as its taxonomical identification still remains a puzzle to many scientists. This paper, therefore, tries to unearth the foregoing by reviewing the already available literature with an emphasis on the LVB Kenyan part. The Labeobarbus altianalis is still named Barbus altianalis even in the most recent publications thus complicating further. In its distribution, the Barbus species does not occur in the lake currently but is a common candidate in the rivers, dams and satellite lakes within the basin. Some of the cited reasons for its disappearance: are predation by Lates niloticus, overfishing, competition from exotic species, pollution and climate change. However, different studies try to pinpoint its presence in some rivers and this according to an observation made in this study is due to biased sampling, which excludes some rivers in the basin. It is concluded that the taxonomic identification of Barbus species in LVB Kenya remains elusive and this has been blamed on skewed sampling with little regard to all ecosystems in the basin. The paper recommends that an elaborate simultaneous study be done in all the rivers within the LVB, Kenya to collect reliable data for use in Barbus species taxonomy and general biology. Further, county governments in the basin should develop sound policy frameworks on how to sustainably manage riverine fisheries including the domestication of the species in aquaculture.

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