Статті в журналах з теми "Reducer housing"
Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Reducer housing.
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 статей у журналах для дослідження на тему "Reducer housing".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте статті в журналах для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
Cojocaru, Vasile, Zoltan Iosif Korka, and Calin Octavian Miclosina. "Stress Analysis and Optimal Design of the Housing of a Two-Stage Gear Reducer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 658 (October 2014): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.183.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The design of the housings of the gear reducers is made, usually, using empirical equations based on the center distance (the distance between shafts). These equations can lead to inappropriate stresses distribution and inadequate material consumption at the final product. In the manufacturing of large series and in the manufacturing of the gear reducers/ gearboxes with large dimensions it is necessary an optimization of the housing dimensions. The use of the finite element analysis in this process, combined with experimental researches, can generate significant improvements. The paper is focused on the analysis of stresses distribution and displacements on the housing of a two-stage helical gear reducer with parametric dimensions and loads. The housing is subjected to a static finite element study. The optimization process aimed to minimize the total weight of the housing. The next features were submitted to dimensional changes: the thickness of the housing walls and the thickness of the ribs. The results presented as diagrams of stresses and displacements distributions show real opportunities to reduce the total weight of the housing and the material consumption.
2
Wang, S. "Stress Analysis and Design of Main Reducer Housing Using Finite Element Method." MATEC Web of Conferences 221 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822104008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main reducer housing takes over the shaft loads from gear engagement and transmits to other components, such as differential, semiaxle and driving wheels, so the main reducer housing with enough strength and stiffness is very important. Some factors preventing it from failure need to be taken into consideration when design it. To design a main reducer housing with better performance, in this paper, FEA (Finite Element Analysis) is used to analysis the main reducer housing and to find out some big stress regions. Then, some modifications are proposed to eliminate those big stress regions and obtain a reliable main reducer housing. During the analysis process, an annulus model is built and the reaction forces between the differential bearing seats and axle housing are calculated to determine whether they contact with each other. Finally, some design methods and improvements of the original design main reducer housing are proposed. And numerical comparison results of the stress distribution of the original and improved main reducer housing validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods and modifications in this paper. Those stress analysis and modifications in this paper are time-saving and money-saving before mass production.
3
Slavov, Stoyan, and Mariya Konsulova-Bakalova. "Optimizing Weight of Housing Elements of Two-stage Reducer by Using the Topology Management Optimization Capabilities Integrated in SOLIDWORKS: A Case Study." Machines 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines7010009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the results of a conducted topology management optimization study based on the finite element analysis on a two-stage spur gear reducer housing body and cover using the SOLIDWORKS Simulation module. The main goal of the study is to optimize the overall weight of the reducer by thinning specific areas of the casted gearbox housing elements according to the calculated minimal strain energy. The topology optimization algorithm that is used in current research gives an optimal structural shape of the housing elements of the reducer with the largest stiffness, considering the given amount of mass that will be removed from the initial design space. The complete sequence of steps for conducting the topology management optimization study is shown, taking into account the constraints arising from the construction features and the method of manufacturing the housing elements of the gear reducer. Conclusions on the use of the topology optimization results are given and potential directions for further development of the approach are also identified.
4
Slavov, Stoyan D., and Mariya Iv Konsulova-Bakalova. "An algorithm for topology optimization of gear reducer housing elements." MATEC Web of Conferences 287 (2019): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928701020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, topology optimization methods are becoming more widely used in many engineering fields, and they are already being successfully integrated at the design stage of the different types of products. An active field of research in this area is the definition of appropriate constraints in topology optimization models in order to facilitate the production of the optimized objects. An algorithm for topology optimization of housing elements from gear reducers by using the capabilities of CAD-CAE topology optimization software is presented in the current work. The purposed algorithm is taking into account the resulting loads during operation of the reducer, the geometrical and manufacturing constraints of the production process of these housing elements. Obtained results from conducted Taguchi experimental study to investigate the impact of some topology optimization control parameters over optimized 3D-model also are shown and discussed. Conclusions on the applicability of the algorithm have been made.
5
Miklos, I. Zs, C. C. Miklos, C. I. Alic, and S. Raţiu. "Analysis of gear reducer housing using the finite element method." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 294 (January 2018): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/294/1/012034.
Повний текст джерела
6
Juraeva, Makhsuda, Kyung Jin Ryu, Sang Hyun Noh, and Dong Joo Song. "Lightweight material for the speed reducer housing of a car chassis." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 31, no. 7 (July 2017): 3219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0611-5.
Повний текст джерела
7
Magerramova, Liubov, Vladimir Isakov, Liana Shcherbinina, Suren Gukasyan, Mikhail Petrov, Daniil Povalyukhin, Darya Volosevich, and Olga Klimova-Korsmik. "Design, Simulation and Optimization of an Additive Laser-Based Manufacturing Process for Gearbox Housing with Reduced Weight Made from AlSi10Mg Alloy." Metals 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12010067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The gas turbine engine’s (GTE) development aims for the increasing the efficiency, strength, reliability and safety of its components. To create competitive engines, housing parts and components with high functionality and reduced weight are needed. Especially difficult in the design and production are the gearboxes for aviation GTE. Traditional technologies based on precision casting or material forming operations have significant limitations due to the complexity of fulfilling multiple different requirements. Nowadays, one of the progressive production techniques is additive manufacturing. The article presents the results of computational and experimental studies that substantiate the applicability of laser additive technology to reduce the mass of body parts by up to 15% while ensuring their strength properties. The physical and mechanical characteristics of aluminum alloys acceptable for the manufacturing of housing parts were analyzed. The necessary characteristics of the powder alloy of the Al-Si system and the technological parameters of the L-PBF of the modified housing of the gear reducer are established. Using the finite element method (FEM) the L-PBF process was numerically simulated and the technological modes for synthesis of the AlSi10Mg alloy powder were optimized. With the help of a serial 3D printer ProX320DMP, the prototype of a gear housing was manufactured.
8
Лустенков, Михаил, Mikhail Lustenkov, Екатерина Фитцова, and Ekaterina Fittsova. "Mechanism with variable angle between axes of shafts." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2014, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The design and the principle of the mechanism work, including a reducer and universal joints, are considered in this paper. The angle between the axes of the shafts can be changed during oper-ation. The mechanism works in a reducer mode when its housing is stopped. The kinematic analysis of the mechanism and the research of dependence of the transmission ratio on the angles between the axes of the shafts are given in the article.
9
Jin, Lihong, Junpeng Shao, Xigui Wang, Yongmei Wang, and Baixue Fu. "Vibroacoustic characteristics analysis of a planetary gear reducer considering the exterior housing structure." Mechanical Sciences 12, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 539–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-539-2021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Previous studies have attempted to identify weak links in the dynamic characteristics of the planetary gear reducer (PGR) exterior body structure (EBS). Through numerical simulation, these studies analyzed the mode and natural frequencies and the vibration types of each order of the EBS. However, these scholars have never focused on the main factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the EBS of this subject. This study in the topic has analyzed the vibroacoustic characteristics of an EBS and optimized its design using numerical simulation. Herein, the contribution of the vibration transfer path from the excitation points on the exterior body to the machine foot is emphatically revealed, and the influences of the main structural parameters on the transfer characteristics are discussed. An optimal EBS for a PGR with lower acoustic vibrations is designed in detail, and a composite EBS with damping vibration attenuation and acoustic absorption is proposed. The radiation acoustic characteristics without acoustic protection and damping materials are analyzed. These research results are implemented in order to realize the dynamic characteristics, transmission, and radiation acoustic characteristics as objects of optimization, and the structural design parameters of the PGR exterior body are deeply optimized using dynamic modification and sensitivity analysis. This topic focuses on the vibroacoustic coupling of EBS in stationary fluid and average flow field. Based on the analysis method of theoretical modeling and numerical calculation, the EBS dynamic response and vibroacoustic characteristics under the action of frontal excitation external acoustic flow field are studied, which will be beneficial to explore the comprehensive optimization design of PGR dynamic and vibroacoustic properties.
10
Zeng, Zhiyuan, Yijun Zhang, and Dingyong Tang. "Lightweight Design of Gearbox Housing of Baja Racing Car Based on Topology Optimization." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2235, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2235/1/012084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In view of the National Undergraduate Baja Contest, an initial model is established for the reducer. According to the calculated force of the transmission part, the reinforcing ribs of the bearing hole are optimized and the initial model is optimized and checked several times using the topology optimization module of ANSYS. The safe and reliable housing model with a weight reduction of 35.82% makes full use of the material properties, thus contributing to lightweight of the whole vehicle under the premise of sufficient strength.
11
Xiao, Zheng Ming, and Da Tong Qin. "Dynamic Modeling of Multi-Stage Planetary Gears Coupled with Bearings in Housing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work develops an analytical model of multi-stages planetary gear transmission (PGT) coupled with bearings in housing based on analyzing the displacement relationships of gearing system. The model adopts three planar degree-of-freedom for each of the central components, and the rotational degree-of-freedom for the planets of each stage. Considering the gyroscopic effects, the modified transverse-torsional model is established in the rotating Cartesian coordinates by lumped-parameter method, which is more accurate and may match with the physical model better than the purely torsional model. According to the design parameters of the 3-stage planetary gears of main reducer of shield tunnelling machine, the natural frequencies and vibration modes are investigated by using this transverse-torsional model.
12
Lv, Chang. "Design of Steering Driven Axle for QAY125 Ton Automobile Crane." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.155.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Driving axle loader is a key component for loader. For the steering drive axle of the QAY125 all terrain crane, the main parameters of the main reduction gears and drive axle housing have been designed and calculated. By adopting the method of optimum matching between engine and transmission system parameters, the ratio of the main reducer is determined by the optimum design. Considering the drive axle housing structure and the force is very complex, in order to ensure the strength of full static strength check calculation of impact load and emergency braking of the three cases, calculations show that the axle strength design can meet the design requirements. The half shaft diameter is calculated by using the maximum torque, when the half shaft diameter is 45mm, the material selection 42CrMo, the half shaft safety factor is 2.09, completely meet the use requirements.
13
Wan, Chaoyan. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE CURVE PARAMETERS WITHIN THE PIN GEAR HOUSING IN TWO TEETH DIFFERENCE CYCLOID SPEED-REDUCER." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 39, no. 06 (2003): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2003.06.124.
Повний текст джерела
14
Hu, Hao, and Ying Min Yan. "Light Bus Drive Axle Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, through the study of traditional light bus, found problems related to screening and using existing methods, bridge drive of light bus was designed. First determine the drive axle transmission ratio and reasonable distribution; secondly on the driving axle main transmission device structure and parameter design, including the design of main reducer, differential, half shaft design; finally completed the design of driving axle housing, in order to design the drive axle complete. And the use of traditional mechanical analysis methods of main parts of the driving axle ( reducer, differential, half shaft, axle and so on) for the strength analysis and calculation, including the gear bending stress calculation, strength check; gear contact stress calculation, strength check; half shaft torsional stress calculation. With the design idea and the design requirements of the rapid development, the three-dimensional design has become a necessary skill for designers, this paper introduces the basic functions of Pro/Engineer software and a simple application, and the design of the parts of the drive axle using the software.
15
Rackov, Milan, Siniša Kuzmanović, Ivan Knežević, Maja Čavić, Marko Penčić, Vladimir B. Algin, Victor E. Starzhinsky, and Sergey V. Shil’ko. "Design solutions overview of single-stage universal gear reducers." MATEC Web of Conferences 317 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031701005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today, for almost all products, the appearance is very important. Thus, for example, the appearance of universal gear reducers was not given so much attention, but today there are many very interesting solutions of shape, colour and graphic design. It should have in mind that universal gear reducers have much complex construction comparing them with special gear reducers. In the same time, they have to provide different positions and way of mounting and different speeds with different powers (torques) at the output shaft. Particularly, it should be noticed, that within all universal gear reducers single-stage gear units are nowadays increasingly used because their gear ratio values are increased (values of gear ratio can go up to 15) so that these reducers largely cover most of the two-stage gear reducers with their gear ratio values, so thereby their exploitation is significantly increased. Single-stage gear reducers are very simple products, and today there is a large number of manufacturers of such product. However, their mounting dimensions and way of mounting are not defined by a standard, so there is a variety of units with different dimensions and way of mounting. Although, most manufacturers look up to dimensions of leading manufacturers (usually SEW) in order to ensure greater exchangeability of their gear units. It is interesting to note, that most manufacturers tend to adopt the design of housing that will be substantially different from competing solutions. The reason is probably to avoid the possibility of being accused of copying someone else’s solution. However, there are manufacturers that retain almost identical housing design as a competing solution (probably they bought the licence or the solution is copied without permission). This paper considers only the design solutions of single-stage gear reducer in order to indicate the expected directions of their further development.
16
Kurniawan, Dicky, Safril Safril, and Bukhari Bukhari. "RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PUNTIR UNTUK PEMBUAT BESI TERALIS MODEL SPIRAL SPESIFIKASI BESI KOTAK 10X10X1000 mm." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 11, no. 1 (July 11, 2019): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.11.1.174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today the need for housing (home) is increasing. Touch of beauty and support in terms of security are widely used in the construction of the house, one of the trellis. One of the production processes in processing iron trellis is the process of forming spiral iron trellis models of a certain size, in the process special machines are needed that can alleviate, simplify, and accelerate human work. This process is also called cold work because without the heat treatment process. The specifications of the trellis iron torsion machine are 1500x500x800 mm. This machine has several driving units, namely: Motor as a driver, and reducer to reduce the rotation of the shaft on the swivel chuck, and use belt transmission and chains. From the calculation and design of the engine, the motor power of ½ Hp is obtained, the production capacity is 10x10x1000 mm, the shaft diameter is 25.4 mm. The production time of this machine is 7 times / workpiece or ± 2 minutes / Pcs or 29 to 30 Pcs / hour. This trellis iron torsion machine works well and gets a better and stronger spiral model iron box. The components contained in this machine include: Electric motors, pulleys, belts, frames, sprocket, chains, chucks, bearings and speed reducers.
17
Park, Young-Jun, Seung-Je Cho, Woo-Jin Chung, Jooseon Oh, Sang-Dae Lee, In-Kyung Shin, and Jeong-Gil Kim. "Influence of Housing Stiffness of the Slewing Reducer of a Tower Crane on the Load Distribution Pattern over the Gear Tooth Flank." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 20, no. 12 (October 16, 2019): 2171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-019-00254-2.
Повний текст джерела
18
Cao, Zhan, Yong Chen, and Libin Zang. "Model-based transmission acoustic analysis and improvement." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 6 (January 21, 2020): 1572–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019896132.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A model-based transmission acoustic performance has been studied. Both excitation source and structure-borne noise transfer are investigated. For excitation source, transmission error is the main cause. To reduce transmission error, the most effective method is gear micro-geometry modification. However, there is no direct mathematical model that could reveal the relationship between transmission error and gear micro-geometry parameters, especially in the context of transmission system with shafts, bearings and housings included. By using multiple variable linear regression method, the relationship between transmission error and gear micro-geometry parameters is connected. The optimised transmission error decreases from 9.34 to 5.65 μm at a typical working condition. For structure-borne noise transfer, the housing modal and transmission system modal have been analysed. Based on the simulation results, housing thickness around bearing assembly area is increased, and strengthen ribs are added at weak areas. As a result, the amplitude of housing vibration acceleration is reduced. Finally, the transmission noise sound pressure level at 0.3-m distance has decreased by 4.63 dB on average. The presented model-based transmission acoustic analysis work flow is demonstrated workable and effective.
19
Serdyuk, T., and S. Franyshina. "RELEVANCE OF THE RENOVATION SOLUTIONS RESIDENTAL HOUSING IN THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY CONTEXT." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 30, no. 1 (2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2021-1-140-147.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main energy efficiency problems of existing houses in domestic economy are discussed. This article presents the housing renovation projects experience in the European countries. Renovation is one of the most effective method of energy efficient of the old building. But in Ukraine this effective mechanism is not worked. Implementation of the renovation mechanism in Ukraine is practically not carried out legislation and lack of regulatory framework. The issues of reduce energy resourses in residential buildsing are very important not only in Ukraine but in other European countries. The problem of low housing supply is additionally compounded by the problem of high energy consumption of excising housing.This raises many issues related to the implementation of this program. The energy characteristics of excising housings are given. Comparative information on housing for the population are shown.
20
Kole, Kyle. "Housing vouchers reduce residential crowding." Journal of Housing Economics 55 (March 2022): 101822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2021.101822.
Повний текст джерела
21
Fauzi. "Factors Influencing the Selection of Housing Location Post Earthquake 2007 in Solok." JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA 8, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v8i1.11554.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTSolok City is within range of the Sumatera active fault where destructive earthquakes have happenedfrequently (Padang Panjang earthquake 1926, Singkarak earthquake 1943 and 2004, and Solokearthquake 2007). Problems arise when most of the population often quickly forget the danger offuture earthquakes and the mitigation efforts to reduce disaster hazards. New housings were stillbuilt in areas highly prone to earthquakes. The study investigated the factors affecting thelocational choice for housing in post‐earthquake Solok City using qualitative descriptive format.Post earthquake locational analysis of housing areas showed that cumulatively 47% of the houseswere built in ‘high’ to ‘very high’ vulnerability area meaning that almost half of the houses built in theyear 2010 are exposed to high risk from earthquakes. Analysis found four latent factors affecting thechoice for housing location post 2007 Solok earthquake included (1) Earthquake Vulnerability, (2)House Prices, (3) Accessibility, and (4) Policy and Social factors. Analysis showed how earthquakevulnerability was indeed the priority factor in the choice of location for the general society. Howeverthis is contradictory to the reality of the current locations of housing areas built after the 2007earthquake. The general society considered earthquake as very important but they built their housesin the disaster prone ares anyway. Therefore a common awareness needs to be established among allstakeholders to reduce the risks and improve mitigation efforts in case of future disasters.Keywords: earthquake vulnerability, housing location choice, post‐earthquake
22
Broadbent, Ben, and Michael Kremer. "Does favorable tax-treatment of housing reduce non-housing investment?" Journal of Public Economics 81, no. 3 (September 2001): 369–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2727(00)00125-0.
Повний текст джерела
23
Ganiyu, Bashir Olanrewaju, Julius Ayodeji Fapohunda, and Rainer Haldenwang. "Sustainable housing financing model to reduce South Africa housing deficit." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 10, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 410–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-07-2016-0051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This study aims to identify and establish effective housing financing concepts to be adopted by government in achieving its mandate of providing sustainable affordable housing for the poor to decrease the building of shacks, as well as proposing solutions to the housing deficit in South Africa. A rise in demand and shortage in supply of housing calls for the need to address issues of affordable housing in South Africa, and developing countries in general, to ensure a stable and promising future for poor families. Design/methodology/approach Literature has revealed that the South African government, at all levels, accorded high priority to the provision of low-cost housing. Thus, government has adopted subsidy payment as a method of financing affordable housing to ensure that houses are allocated free to the beneficiaries. This also addresses the historically race-based inequalities of the past, but unfortunately, this has not been fully realised. This study uses a sequential mixed method approach, where private housing developers and general building contractors were the research participants. The qualitative data were analysed using a case-by-case analysis, and quantitative data were analysed using a descriptive statistical technique on SPSS. Findings The results of the qualitative analysis reveal a gross abuse of the housing subsidies system by the beneficiaries of government-funded housing in South Africa. This is evident from illegal sale of the houses below market value. This has led to a continual building of shacks and an increased number of people on the housing waiting list instead of a decrease in the housing deficit. The results from quantitative analysis affirm the use of “Mortgage Payment Subsidies, Mortgage Payment Deductions, Down-Payment Grant and Mortgage Interest Deductions” as viable alternatives to subsidy payment currently in use to finance affordable housing projects by the South African Government. Practical implications At the moment, the focus of the South African National Government is continual provision of free housing to the historically disadvantage citizens, but the housing financing method being used encourages unapproved transfer of ownership in the affordable housing sector. This study thus recommends the use of an all-inclusive housing financing method that requires a monetary contribution from the beneficiaries to enable them take control of the process. Originality/value The relational interface model proposed in this study will reduce pressure on government budgetary provision for housing and guarantee quick return of private developers’ investment in housing. Government must, as a matter of urgency, launch a continuous awareness programme to educate the low-income population on the value and the long-term benefits of the housing.
24
Ogink, N. W. M., and P. W. G. Groot Koerkamp. "Comparison of odour emissions from animal housing systems with low ammonia emission." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (November 1, 2001): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0551.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nuisance from livestock facilities is an increasing problem in densely populated areas like The Netherlands. It is in the interest of both farmers and society that housing systems and management methods are developed to minimise the emission of odour. An odour research programme has been completed in The Netherlands to investigate odour emission from both conventional housing systems and systems designed for low ammonia emission. The aim of this paper is to compare within each animal category the odour emission of a number of swine housing systems and poultry housing systems. Emission measurements including 17 housing systems were carried out at 24 livestock facilities. Results showed that investigated systems with low ammonia emission for fattening pigs and sows were significantly (p<0.025) lower than conventional systems, being 50%, or more, lower. For laying hens and broilers, housing systems with low ammonia emission showed odour emissions that in most cases only differed slightly from conventional systems. Correlations between ammonia and odour concentration (within facilities) did not show a consistent pattern. It is concluded that methods for restriction of emitting (slurry) surface in pig husbandry may reduce both ammonia and odour emission. In poultry housings the effects of methods for ammonia reduction that involve drying of fresh manure or litter cannot be directly extrapolated to odour emision.
25
KÜRÜM VAROLGÜNEŞ, Fatma. "SUCCESS FACTORS FOR POST-DISASTER PERMANENT HOUSING: EXAMPLE OF TURKISH EARTHQUAKES." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11001100/007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigating the social, economic and physical characteristics of settlements created after the disaster will raise awareness about reconstruction. In this study, firstly, a literature review was conducted in order to determine long-term satisfaction indicators for permanent housing use in resettlement areas. The data obtained are reduced and grouped with hierarchy and affinity diagrams. Qualitative data obtained from the literature were analyzed on nine settlements previously exposed to earthquakes in Turkey by model pairing and content analysis techniques. With this research, determining the indicators that affect long-term satisfaction (such as 50 years) will contribute to new research. As a result, it has been determined that the identity, lifestyle and employment opportunities of the victims are not taken into account in housing construction in Turkey in post-earthquake reconstruction. It was observed that most of the disaster housings built in the 50 years between 1970 and 2020 in Turkey do not carry the traces of the local texture. When the results of the study are examined, the importance of an approach that integrates environmental functions and socio-economic structure is seen in the creation of new residential areas. This holistic approach will ensure that community-based indicators are also included in the production of permanent housing. This study offers an important contribution in terms of determination of indicators influencing long-term satisfaction in resettlement programs by drawing attention to physical, social, cultural and economic factors in terms of permanent housings built after earthquakes in Turkey.
26
KÜRÜM VAROLGÜNEŞ, Fatma. "SUCCESS FACTORS FOR POST-DISASTER PERMANENT HOUSING: EXAMPLE OF TURKISH EARTHQUAKES." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigating the social, economic and physical characteristics of settlements created after the disaster will raise awareness about reconstruction. In this study, firstly, a literature review was conducted in order to determine long-term satisfaction indicators for permanent housing use in resettlement areas. The data obtained are reduced and grouped with hierarchy and affinity diagrams. Qualitative data obtained from the literature were analyzed on nine settlements previously exposed to earthquakes in Turkey by model pairing and content analysis techniques. With this research, determining the indicators that affect long-term satisfaction (such as 50 years) will contribute to new research. As a result, it has been determined that the identity, lifestyle and employment opportunities of the victims are not taken into account in housing construction in Turkey in post-earthquake reconstruction. It was observed that most of the disaster housings built in the 50 years between 1970 and 2020 in Turkey do not carry the traces of the local texture. When the results of the study are examined, the importance of an approach that integrates environmental functions and socio-economic structure is seen in the creation of new residential areas. This holistic approach will ensure that community-based indicators are also included in the production of permanent housing. This study offers an important contribution in terms of determination of indicators influencing long-term satisfaction in resettlement programs by drawing attention to physical, social, cultural and economic factors in terms of permanent housings built after earthquakes in Turkey.
27
KÜRÜM VAROLGÜNEŞ, Fatma. "SUCCESS FACTORS FOR POST-DISASTER PERMANENT HOUSING: EXAMPLE OF TURKISH EARTHQUAKES." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigating the social, economic and physical characteristics of settlements created after the disaster will raise awareness about reconstruction. In this study, firstly, a literature review was conducted in order to determine long-term satisfaction indicators for permanent housing use in resettlement areas. The data obtained are reduced and grouped with hierarchy and affinity diagrams. Qualitative data obtained from the literature were analyzed on nine settlements previously exposed to earthquakes in Turkey by model pairing and content analysis techniques. With this research, determining the indicators that affect long-term satisfaction (such as 50 years) will contribute to new research. As a result, it has been determined that the identity, lifestyle and employment opportunities of the victims are not taken into account in housing construction in Turkey in post-earthquake reconstruction. It was observed that most of the disaster housings built in the 50 years between 1970 and 2020 in Turkey do not carry the traces of the local texture. When the results of the study are examined, the importance of an approach that integrates environmental functions and socio-economic structure is seen in the creation of new residential areas. This holistic approach will ensure that community-based indicators are also included in the production of permanent housing. This study offers an important contribution in terms of determination of indicators influencing long-term satisfaction in resettlement programs by drawing attention to physical, social, cultural and economic factors in terms of permanent housings built after earthquakes in Turkey.
28
Jang, Gyeong Uk, Seunghyeon Cho, Jaemin Moon, Kyunghun Jeon, and Chang-wan Kim. "Topology Optimization to Reduce Electromagnetic Force Induced Vibration for the Specific Frequency of PMSM Motor Using Electromagnetic-Structural Coupled Analysis." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020431.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vibration and noise reduction are very important in electric vehicle driving motors. In this study, topology optimization of housing was performed to reduce vibration in a specific frequency caused by electromagnetic force generated by a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The vibration induced by the electromagnetic force of the motor was calculated using electromagnetic-structural coupled analysis. Then, the magnitude of the acceleration for a specific frequency at which peak occurs in the rectangular and circular shape housing concept design model was reduced by using the topology optimization method. As a result, the rectangular and circular shape housing design reduced 92.9% and 96.0%, respectively. Finally, the vibration was effectively reduced while maintaining the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor, for which topology optimization was conducted while not changing the rotor or stator shape design (electromagnetic design factor) but by changing the motor housing shape design (mechanical and structural design factor).
29
Malygin, Dmitry Vladimirovich, Maksim Vladimirovich Borodin, Roman Pavlovich Belikov, Yulia Lyusievna Mikhaylova, and Zumeyra Munirovna Shakurova. "The Development of A Universal Transformer Housing of the Unit Transformer Substation 6-10 / 0.4 KV." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The company group of the PJSC “ROSSETI” pays great attention to reducing occupational hazard at the facilities of the power grid complex. The analysis of the accidents in the branch of PJSC “IGDC of the Center”– “Orelenergo” revealed that transformer housings installed at the mast-type transformer substations 6-10 / 0.4 kV can’t fully provide the required safety level as they can be slightly raised even without using a special tool, and therefore one can stick his hands or some objects to the current-carrying parts of the transformer substation. According to the statistics of the damages at the mast-type transformer substations 6-10 / 0.4 kV various small animals and birds can enter the electrical installation through small slits between the housing and the transformer, which will lead to different emergency situations. To prevent the aforementioned negative consequences, a universal transformer housing was developed for a mast-type unit transformer substation (UTS) 6-10 / 0.4 kV. The offered design of the housing is universal, since it can be used for the transformers of various capacities; for its manufacture tools and materials with different characteristics can be used. At the same time, the installation of the developed housing will allow power grid companies to reduce occupational hazard, reduce the undersupply of electricity and increase the reliability of power supply to the agricultural consumers. The technical solution presented in the article can be applied for the mast-type UTS 6-10 / 0.4 kV in the post-Soviet countries.
30
Chen, Qian, and Qian Ma. "A STUDY OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY RENOVATION ON PUBLIC HOUSING PROJECTS." Journal of Green Building 7, no. 1 (January 2012): 192–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.7.1.192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While the energy efficiency of commercial buildings, schools, and private homes has received increasing attention, the energy performance of public housing has long been neglected. The high energy usage and resulting utility costs associated with such subsidized houses have added great financial burdens to the government and tenants. Therefore, improving public housing's energy performance becomes an important task. This paper presents a comparative study that mainly investigates the effectiveness of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) recently implemented in the Columbus Metropolitan Housing Authority's green renovation projects. Whole building energy simulation results show that due to budget constraints, the limited EEMs put into place would only result in a marginal (7.6%) improvement to the renovated building's energy performance prior to renovation. Another 38.5% reduction would be needed, using the performance requirement of the current building energy code as a reference. Based on these findings, this research offers some insights into more cost-effective energy efficiency upgrades that can help reduce public housing's energy consumption and green renovation costs.
31
Schmerler, Rico, Tobias Gebken, Markus Kühn, Welf-Guntram Drossel, Klaus Dröder, and Carsten Lies. "Multifunctional FRP-Aluminum Foam Production Setup for Battery Housings of Electric Vehicles." Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) 4, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21935/tls.v4i1.115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The battery systems of electrified vehicles are characterized by increasing weight due to larger battery modules. A lightweight battery carrier structure can reduce the system weight by replacing heavy metallic housing components with materials such as fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) and aluminum. The battery housing must meet several requirements, e.g. stiffness, crash and intrusion protection and thermal management.
Today’s battery housings are manufactured using die-cast or extrusion parts and are actively cooled. A novel approach is a lightweight hybrid battery housing consisting of a thermoformed FRP as a stiff outer shell and an integrated closed-cell aluminum foam infiltrated with phase change material (PCM) for passive thermal management. This multi-material structure enables the substitution of functionally separated systems in one intelligent solution.
In the Open Hybrid LabFactory an entire process chain was established, including the aluminum foaming process, the thermoforming of FRP with heating and consolidating as well as the integrated forming and joining process of FRP with aluminum foam.
With the goal of application-oriented research, a battery housing of an existing electric car was used to define requirements such as design space and mechanical specifications. Based on parameter studies an optimized process design was achieved, which is described in this paper.
32
Pais, Alexander B., Anthony C. Pais, Gabriel Elmisurati, So Hyun Park, Michael F. Miles, and Jennifer T. Wolstenholme. "A Novel Neighbor Housing Environment Enhances Social Interaction and Rescues Cognitive Deficits from Social Isolation in Adolescence." Brain Sciences 9, no. 12 (November 22, 2019): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9120336.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Adolescence is characterized by high levels of playful social interaction, cognitive development, and increased risk-taking behavior. Juvenile exposure to social isolation or social stress can reduce myelin content in the frontal cortex, alter neuronal excitability, and disrupt hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis function. As compared to group housed animals, social isolation increases anxiety-like phenotypes and reduces social and cognitive performance in adulthood. We designed a neighbor housing environment to alleviate issues related to social isolation that still allowed individual homecages. Neighbor housing consists of four standard mouse cages fused together with semi-permeable ports that allow visual, olfactory, and limited social contact between mice. Adolescent C57BL/6J males and females were group housed (4/cage), single housed (1/cage), or neighbor housed (4/complex). As adults, mice were tested for social, anxiety-like, and cognitive behaviors. Living in this neighbor environment reduced anxiety-like behavior in the social interaction task and in the light-dark task. It also rescued cognitive deficits from single housing in the novel object recognition task. These data suggest that neighbor housing may partially ameliorate the social anxiety and cognitive deficits induced by social isolation. These neighbor cage environments may serve as a conduit by which researchers can house mice in individual cages while still enabling limited social interactions to better model typical adolescent development.
33
Cervero, Robert, and Michael Duncan. "'Which Reduces Vehicle Travel More: Jobs-Housing Balance or Retail-Housing Mixing?" Journal of the American Planning Association 72, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944360608976767.
Повний текст джерела
34
Wilhelmsson, Mats, and Jianyu Zhao. "Risk Assessment of Housing Market Segments: The Lender’s Perspective." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 11, no. 4 (October 26, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm11040069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is well known that risk factors influence how investment portfolios perform from a lender’s perspective; therefore, a thorough risk assessment of the housing market is vital. The aim of this paper was to analyze the risks from housing apartments in different housing market segments by using the Stockholm, Sweden, owner-occupied apartment market as a case study. By applying quantitative and systems engineering methods, we (1) established the relationship between the overall housing market and several housing market segments, (2) analyzed the results from the quantitative model, and (3) finally provided a feasible portfolio regarding risk control based on the given data. The goal was to determine how different housing segment factors could reveal risk towards the overall market and offer better outlooks for risk management when it comes to housing apartments. The results indicated that the risk could be reduced at the same time as the return increased. From a lender’s perspective, this could reduce the overall risk.
35
Seo, Bo Kyong, and Gum-Ryeong Park. "Food insecurity and housing affordability among low-income families: does housing assistance reduce food insecurity?" Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 13 (March 5, 2021): 4339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021001002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjective:Given the competing needs for food and housing under the limited household income among poor families, there is lack of research on the associations between housing affordability and food insecurity. The current study examines how housing cost burden affects food insecurity of low-income families and whether decreased housing cost enhances food security.Design:Longitudinal data from the Korean Welfare Panel Study, of which the final sample for the analysis consisted of 31 304 household-level observations from 5466 households based on twelve waves (2007–2018).Setting:South Korea.Participants:Low-income households in the lowest 40 % of household income distribution.Results:19·3 % had food insecurity, and housing cost burden was associated with food insecurity. While in-kind housing assistance and in-cash assistance from all sources were likely to reduce food insecurity partially through influencing housing cost burden, in-cash housing assistance was associated with higher likelihood of food insecurity.Conclusions:Housing cost burden potentially limits food access among poor families, and housing assistance, particularly public housing and sufficient in-cash assistance, is conducive to alleviating food insecurity.
36
Leister, Alexandra M. A., and Bassam Abu-Hijleh. "Energy Performance of Public Housing Buildings in Sao Paulo, Brazil: An Evaluation of the Current Design Practices." PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção 1, no. 6 (July 31, 2011): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/parc.v1i6.8634486.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research examines how public housing design has been developed to attend the low income population in Sao Paulo, Brazil and how changes in the existing design affect the quality of the dwellings and energy consumption. The hypothesis of this research is that energy efficient architecture concepts applied to the current design practices of public housing in Sao Paulo significantly reduce energy consumption in buildings. In this study, computer simulation is used to evaluate current energy performance of public housing buildings and to simulate the integration of new energy saving features into the current design to assess buildings’ performance. The findings show that energy consumption can be reduced by as much as 54 percent in doing so. This study highlights the numerous opportunities for architects to influence the quality of the design being produced for the less fortunate population in public housing sector in Sao Paulo. This also positively impacts comfort conditions within buildings and most importantly, reduce energy consumption.
37
Helgesen, Marit Kristine, and Petter Arvesen. "Policies to Reduce Child Poverty in Norway: Can Municipalities Ensure Positive Functionings for Children through Housing Policies?" Societies 12, no. 1 (February 12, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc12010025.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Child poverty is an increasing challenge for Norwegian society and its municipalities. Policies to reduce it include housing as one particularly important health determinant. The capability approach allows us to focus on determinants for health. Methods were triangulated and literature and document studies, interviews and participating observations were part of the data-gathering process. Thematic analyses were used to analyse data. Children and adults view housing as important. Housing determines families’ possibilities of consuming other goods and choosing what functionings they will convert their resources into. Municipalities can change the course of development by engaging with the Norwegian Government Housing Bank and implementing instruments such as social housing, housing allowances and starter loans giving families the possibility to become homeowners. Housing determines intra- as well as inter-generational life chances. Housing is a corrosive functioning if children live in families that have low-quality housing or high housing costs. Housing is a positive functioning for children if families own their housing. Housing is defined as a market good and a welfare asset. Policies enable some families to buy their own housing, whereas the number of poor children still increases.
38
Jing, Haiquan, Xiaoyu Ji, Xuhui He, Shifeng Zhang, Jichao Zhou, and Haiyu Zhang. "Dynamic Characteristics of Unsteady Aerodynamic Pressure on an Enclosed Housing for Sound Emission Alleviation Caused by a Passing High-Speed Train." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031545.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Train speed is increasing due to the development of high-speed railway technology. However, high-speed trains generate more noise and discomfort for residents, enclosed housing for sound emission alleviation is needed to further reduce noise. Because these enclosed housings for sound emission alleviation restrain the air flow, strong and complicated aerodynamic pressures are generated inside the housing for sound emission alleviation when a train passes through at a high speed. This train-induced aerodynamic pressure, particularly its dynamic characteristics, is a key parameter in structural design. In the present study, the train-induced unsteady aerodynamic pressure in an enclosed housing for sound emission alleviation is simulated using the dynamic mesh method, and the dynamic characteristics of the aerodynamic pressure are investigated. The simulation results show that when the train is running in the enclosed housing for sound emission alleviation, the unsteady aerodynamic pressure is complicated and aperiodic, and after the train leaves the housing for sound emission alleviation, the aerodynamic pressure reverts to periodic decay curves. Two new terms, the duration of the extreme aerodynamic pressure and the pressure change rate, are proposed to evaluate the dynamic characteristics when the train passes through the barrier. The dominant frequency and decay rate are adopted to express the dynamic characteristics after the train exits. When the train runs in the enclosed housing for sound emission alleviation, the longest durations of the positive and negative extreme aerodynamic pressures are in the middle section, and the maximum change rate of aerodynamic pressure occurs at the entrance area. After the train exits the housing for sound emission alleviation, the pressure amplitude at the central region is always higher than those close to the entrance/exit. The dominant frequency of the aerodynamic pressure is identified and explained using wave propagation theory, the decay rate of the aerodynamic pressure at all sections is close.
39
Baumgartner, Jill, Judith Rodriguez, Frans Berkhout, Yvonne Doyle, Majid Ezzati, George Owuso, Zahidul Quayyum, et al. "Synthesizing the links between secure housing tenure and health for more equitable cities." Wellcome Open Research 7 (January 20, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17244.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Millions of households in rich and poor countries alike are at risk of being unwilfully displaced from their homes or the land on which they live (i.e., lack secure tenure), and the urban poor are most vulnerable. Improving housing tenure security may be an intervention to improve housing and environmental conditions and reduce urban health inequalities. Building on stakeholder workshops and a narrative review of the literature, we developed a conceptual model that infers the mechanisms through which more secure housing tenure can improve housing, environmental quality, and health. Empirical studies show that more secure urban housing tenure can boost economic mobility, improve housing and environmental conditions including reduced exposure to pollution, create safer and more resourced communities, and improve physical and mental health. These links are shared across tenure renters and owners and different economic settings. Broader support is needed for context-appropriate policies and actions to improve tenure security as a catalyst for cultivating healthier homes and neighbourhoods and reducing urban health inequalities in cities.
40
Fontanini, Patricia Stella Pucharelli, Rosa Cristina Cecche Lintz, Luisa Andréia Gachet-Barbosa, Ana Elisabete P. G. A. Jacintho, and Lia Lorena Pimentel. "An Alternative to Paver in Living Areas of Social Interest Housing (SIH)." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2942.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The waste rubber from tire have been employed as aggregate in concrete due to their distinct characteristics, such as: less density, drainage properties improve thermal and acoustic isolation in construction, beyond final cost production reduced. This way, the substitution of part of natural aggregate by tire rubber, contributes to the natural aggregates preservation and offer an alternative for recycling this kind of waste. In view of these advantages, this study proposes the utilization of tire waste in projects of Social Interest Housing. The project has as mailing objective the construction of unfamiliar housing (vertical and horizontal) for low income families, searching a conciliation of sustainable development: social, environmental and economic. Social development means the worry with that low income family have a basic infrastructure; environmental development is to minimize the natural resources impact available; and economics is to offer new jobs and costs opportunities. The purpose of study the incorporation of this kind of waste in concretes used for interlocked pavers for floor to construct Social Interest Housing, aims to solve the problems of adequacy of this housings, offering a semi-rigid pavement that have a large use in landscaping for floor manufacturing, low maintenance and do not require specialist worker to their installation.
41
Gold, Sarah. "Does public housing reduce housing cost burden among low-income families with children?" Journal of Children and Poverty 26, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10796126.2019.1682754.
Повний текст джерела
42
Li, Q. –F, N. Trottier, and W. Powers. "Feeding reduced crude protein diets with crystalline amino acids supplementation reduce air gas emissions from housing1." Journal of Animal Science 93, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-7746.
Повний текст джерела
43
Gómez-Porter, Pablo Francisco. "La vivienda colectiva de la modernidad en tiempos de COVID19 aportaciones del paradigma habitacional." Arquitecturas del Sur 38, no. 59 (January 30, 2021): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07196466.2021.39.059.02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern collective housing generated an urban-architectural design paradigm, which incorporated spaces whose design promoted, following modern architects, health and hygiene through the circulation of clean air, natural lighting and ventilation inside dwellings, as well as in the shared spaces and those where people move around, characteristic of this housing typology. These design elements seem to be useful to reduce the spread of the SarsCov2 virus, that is currently affecting the entire world. Field and online work was carried out with the inhabitants of the CUPA, a housing complex representative of modern architecture in Mexico City, to verify this assumption. Using volumetric reconstructions and online questionnaires, the design elements that embody modern ideals, aimed at ensuring healthy indoor and outdoor spaces, were analysed. The usefulness of the collective facilities, public spaces and the design of the four housing typologies found within the, were assessed. The results of the study and the absence of COVID-19 cases in CUPA help to prove the validity that modern architecture has regained during the global pandemic, as well as the importance of the lessons from the past to integrate new design paradigms for a post-Covid architecture.
44
Mol, G., and N. W. M. Ogink. "The effect of two ammonia-emission-reducing pig housing systems on odour emission." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0299.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Odour nuisance from agricultural activities is increasing in densely populated countries like the Netherlands. To develop adequate regulations, a large-scale, government-financed monitoring programme was started in the mid-1990s to establish odour emission levels for both conventional and low ammonia emission housing systems for cattle, pigs and poultry. The results indicate that high- and low-odour emission housing are difficult to distinguish because of the large variation within housing systems. Measurements on different farm locations within the same housing system show both a large variation between locations and within one location (in time). The latter, however, is significantly smaller, which suggests that farm management is an important determinant in odour emission that interferes with the effects of housing systems. The current research was aimed at determining the effect of two common ammonia-reducing pig-housing systems on odour emissions compared to conventional housing systems under similar management conditions. The respective reduction principles of these systems are reducing the emitting surface of the manure pit and cooling of manure in the manure pit (both pits beneath slatted floor). Five farms that combined conventional housing with one low-ammonia system (three reduced emitting surface and two manure cooling) were selected for a direct, pair-wise comparison of (olfactometric) odour emission measurements. The results show a highly significant effect (p < 0.01) for two of the three reduced emitting surface systems and for one of the two manure cooling system. The average odour reduction percentages of these systems are 35% (from 24.9 to 16.0 OUE/s per animal) and 23% (from 30.1 to 24.0 OUE/s per animal) respectively. Although odour emission reduction through the type of housing system is possible, management factors interact with the system and thereby determine whether the system reduces odour emission or not.
45
Jackson, G., S. Thornley, J. Woolston, D. Papa, A. Bernacchi, and T. Moore. "Reduced acute hospitalisation with the healthy housing programme." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 65, no. 7 (January 30, 2011): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.107441.
Повний текст джерела
46
Hokama, Kelly Cristina, Ademir Kleber Morbeck Oliveira, and Rosemary Matias. "Social interest housing projects implemented by BNH in the 1980s in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul." Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades 10, no. 75 (March 27, 2022): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17271/23188472107520222848.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The conditions that existed in 1964 allowed the foundation of the Housing Finance System and the National Housing Bank (BNH), which led to the creation of large social housing projects the Housing Companies (COHABs). These projects were implemented to reduce the pressure for housing on the classes with lower purchasing power. This article aims to evaluate housing projects of social interest implemented in the 1980s through the BNH in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, analysing their implementation and consequences. The document analysis method was used on data characterising the occupied areas. The BNH action was significant due to the number of housing units delivered in the period, which benefitted 13,028 families, 58,626 people. The model followed considerably reduced the housing deficit, but also led to the formation of urban voids; this was related to the fact that the BNH is a central decision-making body at the federal level. Housing construction used areas in regions that were unattractive for the formal real estate market, in places far from the centre, which were often located on the banks of streams, outside the urban perimeter. This situation made it difficult for the population to access service, mobility, supply, and urban facility networks. At the end of the period evaluated, the need to improve public policies aimed at social housing became evident, in future avoiding some mistakes made in the implementation of housing projects in the city.
47
Nightingale, Claire M., Alicja R. Rudnicka, Bina Ram, Aparna Shankar, Elizabeth S. Limb, Duncan Procter, Ashley R. Cooper, et al. "Housing, neighbourhood and sociodemographic associations with adult levels of physical activity and adiposity: baseline findings from the ENABLE London study." BMJ Open 8, no. 8 (August 2018): e021257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021257.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectivesThe neighbourhood environment is increasingly shown to be an important correlate of health. We assessed associations between housing tenure, neighbourhood perceptions, sociodemographic factors and levels of physical activity (PA) and adiposity among adults seeking housing in East Village (formerly London 2012 Olympic/Paralympic Games Athletes’ Village).SettingCross-sectional analysis of adults seeking social, intermediate and market-rent housing in East Village.Participants1278 participants took part in the study (58% female). Complete data on adiposity (body mass index (BMI) and fat mass %) were available for 1240 participants (97%); of these, a subset of 1107 participants (89%) met the inclusion criteria for analyses of accelerometer-based measurements of PA. We examined associations between housing sector sought, neighbourhood perceptions (covariates) and PA and adiposity (dependent variables) adjusted for household clustering, sex, age group, ethnic group and limiting long-standing illness.ResultsParticipants seeking social housing had the fewest daily steps (8304, 95% CI 7959 to 8648) and highest BMI (26.0 kg/m2, 95% CI 25.5kg/m2to 26.5 kg/m2) compared with those seeking intermediate (daily steps 9417, 95% CI 9106 to 9731; BMI 24.8 kg/m2, 95% CI 24.4 kg/m2to 25.2 kg/m2) or market-rent housing (daily steps 9313, 95% CI 8858 to 9768; BMI 24.6 kg/m2, 95% CI 24.0 kg/m2to 25.2 kg/m2). Those seeking social housing had lower levels of PA (by 19%–42%) at weekends versus weekdays, compared with other housing groups. Positive perceptions of neighbourhood quality were associated with higher steps and lower BMI, with differences between social and intermediate groups reduced by ~10% following adjustment, equivalent to a reduction of 111 for steps and 0.5 kg/m2for BMI.ConclusionsThe social housing group undertook less PA than other housing sectors, with weekend PA offering the greatest scope for increasing PA and tackling adiposity in this group. Perceptions of neighbourhood quality were associated with PA and adiposity and reduced differences in steps and BMI between housing sectors. Interventions to encourage PA at weekends and improve neighbourhood quality, especially among the most disadvantaged, may provide scope to reduce inequalities in health behaviour.
48
Patnaikuni, I., Sujeeva Setunge, and M. Himabindu. "Sustainable Housing Construction to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1710.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Global warming is a reality due to the curent level of greenhouse gas emissions globally. Housing construction should take into account factors which contribute to global warming while making the construction affordable in view of the greenhouse gas emissions and the continually increasing energy costs. It is important that housing construction overcomes the irrationality of the current conventional construction method which is not only expensive but has poor thermal performance and ignores the significant environmental impact of high embodied energy of the building process which contributes to the greenhouse gas emissions. Because of this there is a need for developing improved low cost sustainable building techniques. This paper presents an innovative rammed earth core concrete jacket walling system that can provide significant improvements in environmental impact, comfort and cost of both building the house and the cost of operational energy. The construction uses mainly local natural materials with very little high energy processing there by reducing the embodied energy of the construction. Not only using local materials in this construction but also only basic building skills are required for construction workers and therefore the system is ideally suited to rural areas and has potential application to developing countries. This method of construction has better performance in case of earth quakes which saves many lives. The paper presents a discussion of the efficiency of such high thermal mass solutions and describes the construction process.
49
Lestari Olivia, Maria, Joko Adianto, and Rossa Turpuk Gabe. "A post-occupancy evaluation study of a mixed-income gated community in Cibubur, West Java, Indonesia." Urbani izziv 2, no. 30 (December 2, 2019): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-02-003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gated communities (GCs) have been demonized as a malicious form of urban segregation because they provide a secure neighbourhood and exclusive facilities. The objective of the Indonesian government policy related to balanced housing is to create mixed-income housing in order to foster interaction between social classes in neighbourhoods and reduce the alarming social gap. This study seeks to validate the occurrence of social interaction among different economic strata in a mixed-income GC. To understand social interaction among its residents, the reasons why residents from different economic strata selected their housing are examined. The research methodology includes a post-occupancy evaluation in a mixed-income GC in Cibubur, West Java, Indonesia, an area known for its high quality neighbourhoods and facilities. This study identifies security as a major housing preference factor for many people living in a mixed-income GC. However, the reduced exclusivity of such facilities decreases their usage frequency, giving rise to trans-cluster social interaction within the same class. This finding contradicts the objective of the balanced housing policy because the residents interact with others in a similar social class beyond the segregated walls of the housing clusters.
50
Nevalainen, T. O., J. I. Nevalainen, F. A. Guhad, and C. M. Lang. "Pair housing of rabbits reduces variances in growth rates and serum alkaline phosphatase levels." Laboratory Animals 41, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367707782314247.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
New Council of Europe regulations mandate housing of two rabbits in the same cage space currently used to house one, provided the animals are socially compatible. This study was designed to assess changes in growth and selected serum chemistry parameters due to pair housing or single housing of rabbits. Six sets of four female siblings of Crl:KBL(NZW)BR rabbits were used. The animals were seven weeks old on arrival. Two siblings of each set were allocated to pair housing, two to single housing. The animals were housed in stainless steel cages (120 cm × 60 cm × 60 cm) with a perforated floor, including a shelf (60 cm × 30 cm) at 30 cm height from the floor. The rabbits were provided with an aspen cube (5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm), one item per animal. The rabbits were weighed and blood samples were taken from the auricular central artery at four different times during the study. Blood sera were assayed for a set of routinely assayed clinical chemistry parameters: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (APHOS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cholesterol (CHOL) and protein (PROT). Mean and variance profiles over the study period were statistically analysed by multivariate analysis of variance. No differences in mean profiles were detected; however, weight ( P = 0.0002) and APHOS ( P = 0.017) variances were significantly lower in pair-housed animals. The reduction in variance on growth and APHOS attributable to pair housing appears to be rather large. During the 21-week study, occasional fighting was seen between the pair-housed rabbits. After sexual maturity, further major fighting bouts resulted in significant trauma that necessitated the cessation of the study. In conclusion, pair housing appears to have a decreasing effect on growth and APHOS variance, but antisocial behaviour such as fighting remains a serious problem.